ABSTRACT

Since water is such an important resource and there is a strong likelihood

that the world will face a fresh water shortage in the near future, we must
find ways to more efficiently manage our limited sources of water. One of
these ways is to reuse and recycle water by purifying wastewater. To treat
wastewater, many wastewater treatment facilities currently use large
amounts of energy and chemicals which are harmful to the environment.
This project will research a new Japanese technology – “Eco Bio Block” and
test its efficiency in dealing with various pollutants present in Sewage Water
by checking its effect on various parameters like pH, Temperature,
Conductivity, DO, TDS, Salinity, Turbidity etc.

The ECO BIO-BLOCK (EBB) is a composite of cement and highly porous

volcanic rock. EBB has a very large surface area to which beneficial water
treating microbes (Bacillus subtilis sp. natto) and nutrients have been
infused. The key to EBB's effectiveness is the ability to maintain high levels
of beneficial microbes within the blocks for a extended period of time. The
great benefit of the Eco Bio-Block is that the system does not require
constant seeding of bacteria to maintain high levels of beneficial microbes.
The microbes have a stable an long term platform from which to propagate.
Introduction: Eco Bio Block (EBB)

Changing life style has introduced many chemicals in the basic human
requirements like food, water and air. Water is available aplenty on the Earth.
However, potable clean water is becoming a rare commodity. Where it is
available, the quality of the water for human consumption is highly suspect.
Adding further to the environmental pollution is the free flow of untreated
sewage, industrial and other waste into water bodies. Organic / inorganic
chemicals are added to rid impure water of malevolent organisms,
nauseating and pungent odour. While these chemicals do purify water by
killing organisms (useful and harmful), they also create a lot of side effects
on sustained usage.

Keeping these things in mind the ECO BIO-BLOCK (EBB) has been developed
over the last 16 years to help nature keep water clean and free of harmful
contaminants and to also improve on today’s water and sewage treatment
technologies. Simply put, EBB is a natural way of cleansing the waters. EBB
is obtained through natural means and hence do not cause harm to the
human system as well as the environment. The block itself is a composite of
cement and highly porous volcanic rock. EBB has a very large surface area to
which beneficial water treating microbes and nutrients have been infused.
EBB is so effective, less intrusive and come in different sizes and forms that
they fit in well into the existing system seamlessly. The key to EBB's
effectiveness is the ability to maintain high levels of beneficial microbes
within the blocks for a extended period of time. In a nutshell, EBB exploits
the nature’s power for cleansing water naturally while ridding water of the
odour.
Manufacturing Process of EBB:

Eco Bio Block is non-toxic. EBB is obtained from natural resources. It is made
by mixing effective microbe with cement and the porous stones. EBB does
not contain any organic / inorganic chemicals at all. It is represented in the
following figure:
Characteristics of Bacillus subtilis natto present in EBB:

 Aerobic.
 Gram Positive.
 Found commonly in soil.
 Survive in temperatures of 10 -110 degrees Celsius.
 Most efficient between temperatures of 25 - 60 degrees Celsius.
 Live in pH 3 to pH 11.
Characteristics of Eco Bio Block:

1. Reduce organic matter into carbon dioxide and water,

2. Reduce harmful microbes such as E.coli,
3. Decrease the Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD)
4. Decrease the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD),
5. Increase Dissolved Oxygen (DO),
6. Reduce ammonia,Nitrites and suspended solids
7. Decrease turbidity (increase water clarity),
8. Out-compete and prevent Algae from growing
9. Kill mosquito Larvae (special version)
10. Significantly reduce bad odour from polluted water and
effluent.
EBB Mode of Action:

EBB is simply placed into a water environment, which requires treatment,

and left to go to work. The bacteria found in the block will activate upon
contact with water and start to exponentially reproduce and then become
dormant. This process can last for many years before the block needs
replacing.
The EBB microbes will multiply enough to out compete, degrade and
eradicate harmful bacteria and pollutants.
The EBB will increase the oxygen in the water system and decrease the
Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD),Total
Suspended Solids (TSS) and turbidity.

This whole process is depicted in the following figure: