Multicellular Algae

Reproduction Ecology

REPRODUCTION IN ALGAE
Alternation of generations
Diploid haploid stages
Diploid: w/ normal # of chromosomes (2N) Haploid: w/ 1/2 the normal # of chromosomes (N) *** chromosomes= DNA + histones

REPRODUCTION IN ALGAE
Alternation of generations
Diploid haploid stages
Diploid: w/ normal # of chromosomes (2N) Haploid: w/ 1/2 the normal # of chromosomes (N) *** chromosomes= DNA + histones

Asexual sexual modes of reproduction

Asexual: involves production of spores Sexual: involves production of gametes *** spores/gametes: haploid reproductive cells

REPRODUCTION IN ALGAE

Chlamydomonas
Dominant stage: N Unfavorable conditions cause shift to sexual reproduction

REPRODUCTION IN ALGAE

Chlamydomonas
Mitosis: cell division w/o change in # of chromosomes Isogamy: gametes appear identical Anisogamy/ heterogamy: gametes appear differently Oogamy: flagellate sperm, bigger & nonmotile egg

N cells undergo mitosis, release gametes

+ and pair up
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REPRODUCTION IN ALGAE

Chlamydomonas
Fertilization/ syngamy: fusion of gametes; results in a zygote

What is the purpose of syngamy?

What is the zygotes wall for?

CWs shed, gametes fuse zygote Zygote grows protective wall

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REPRODUCTION IN ALGAE

Chlamydomonas
Meiosis: division of 2N cells that results in N cells

Zygote divides by meiosis, forms 4 flagellated N cells

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REPRODUCTION IN ALGAE

Ulva
Both 2N and N stages are large multicellular organisms Gametophyte: gamete producer - multicellular haploid - w/ gametangia: structure that produces gametes

REPRODUCTION IN ALGAE

Ulva
Sporophyte: spore producer

- multicellular diploid
- w/ sporangia: structure that produces spores

REPRODUCTION IN ALGAE

Ulva
Alternation of generations: gphyte & sphyte take turns producing each other Isomorphic generation: identical in appearance Anisomorphic/ heteromorphic generations: differ in appearance
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REPRODUCTION IN ALGAE

Fucus
No multicellular gametophyte
Characteristic of land plants 2N sporophyte is the only multicellular part of Fucus life cycle No asexual reproduction

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References
Campbell, N.A. 1996. Biology. California: The Benajmin/Cummings Publishing Company, Inc.

Miller, K.R. and J. Levine. 1995. Biology. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Miller, K.R. and J. Levine. 2002. Biology. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
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Image Sources
http://www.paternityexperts.com/images/DNA-of-life.jpg Biology by Miller & Levine (2002) http://www.istockphoto.com

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