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Language: English

About C What is C

C is a general purpose, structured language. Its instruction consist of terms that resemble algebric expression. C has certain special features that allow it to be used at a lower level i.e. closer to hardware, thus bridging the gap between machine language and more conventional higher programming language. This flexibility allows C to be used for system programming (for writing operating system) as well as application programming (e.g. for writing program to solve a complicated system of mathematical equation, or for writing a program to bill customer) and hence C is known as middle level language. As a programming language, C is rather like Pascal or Fortran. Values are stored in variables. Programs are structured by defining and calling functions. Program flow is controlled using loops, if statements and function calls. Input and output can be directed to the terminal or to files. Related data can be stored together in arrays or structures. Of the three language, C allows the most precise control of input and output. C is also rather terser than Fortran or Pascal. This can result in short efficient program, where the programmer has made wise use of Cs range of powerful operators. It also allows the programmer to produce programs, which are impossible to understand. Programmers who are familiar with the use of pointers (or indirect addressing, to use the correct term) will welcome the ease of use compared with some other languages. Undisciplined use of pointers can lead to errors, which are very hard to trace. It is hoped that newcomers will find C a useful and friendly language. Care must be taken in using C. Many of the extra facilities which it offers can leas to extra types of programming error. You will have to learn to deal with these to successfully make the transition to being a C programmer. The UNIX system is itself written in C. In fact C was invented specifically to implement UNIX. All of the UNIX commands which you type, plus the other system facilities such as password checking, line printer queues or magnetic tape controllers are written in C. In the course of the development of UNIX, hundreds of functions were written to give access to various facets of the system. These functions are available to the programmer in libraries. By writing in C can using the UNIX system libraries, very powerful system program can be created. These libraries are less easy to access using other programming languages. C is therefore the natural language for writing UINX system programs.
History of C

C was originally developed in the 1970 by Dennis Ritchie and Keringhan at Bell laboratories (now a part of AT & T). It is an outgrowth of two earlier language, called BCPL AND B which were also developed at Bell laboratories.

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In 1978 when C get immense popularity the American National standards Institute

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2. Both upper case and lower case letter are permitted. 3. All character are allowed
C Language Keywords

The following names are reserved by the C language. Their meaning is already defined, and they cannot be re-defined to mean anything else. Auto Extern Size of Break Float Static Case For Struct Char Goto Switch Const If Type def Continue Int Union Default Long Unsigned Do Register Void Double Return Volatile Else Short while

Other than these names, you choose any names of reasonable length for variables, functions etc. The names must begin with a letter or underscore (letter are better), and then can contain letters, numbers and underscores. Search
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The C language is accompanied by a number of library functions that carry out various p. commonly used operations or calculations. These library functions are not a part of the language per se, through all implementations of the language include them. These are

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