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ENERGY CONSULTING
ENERGY CONSULTING
EU Fuels Policy
European Commission Parliament Council Emissions Directive 98/69 Fuels Directive 98/70
Revision proposal for Directive 98/70
Sulfur for gasoline and diesel fuel, aromatics for gasoline 01/01/2005 100% market 10 ppm Sulfur 01/01/2009
Auto Oil 1
1993
Auto Oil 2
2000 2001
EN 228-1999 228EN 590-1999 590-
2009
C.E.N.
ENERGY CONSULTING
EU Gasoline Specifications
EN 228: Entry to force Vehicle emission Standard equivalent Aromatics [vol%] max Olefins [vol%] max Benzene [vol%] max Oxygen [wt%] max Sulfur [ppm] max RVP [kPa] summer Lead [g/dm3] max Use of additives 1993/1995 Dir 98/70 2000 Dir 98/70 2005 Proposal MEP Dorette Corbey (Nov 2007) 2009
Euro II
5.0 1,000 / 500 35 - 100 0.013
Euro III
42 18 1.0 2.7 150 60 / 70 (arctic) None
Euro IV
35 18 1.0 2.7 50 (10)* 60 / 70 (arctic) None
Euro V
35 18 1.0 2.7 (regular petrol)1 3.7 (low biofuel petrol)2 10 56 / 66 (arctic) + 4 kPa waiver for arctic3 None MMT banned from 2010
*2005 introduction of 10 ppm sulfur - Fuel must be geographically available in an appropriately balanced manner
(1)Regular (2)Low (3)Petrol
petrol: Petrol blended with 0-5 vol% biofuel biofuel petrol: Petrol blended with 5-10 vol% biofuel with a minimum 3 vol% bio content
ENERGY CONSULTING
EU Diesel Specifications
EN 590: Entry to force PolyAromatics [vol%] max Sulfur [ppm] max Cetane number min Density at 15C [kg/m3] 1993/1996 2,000 / 500 46 - 49 820 - 860 360 Dir 98/70 2000 11 350 51 845 360 Dir 98/70 2005 11 50 (10)* 51 845 360 Proposal MEP Dorette Corbey (Nov 2007) 2009 6 10 51 845 360 Full alignment of gas oils used for non-road and inland waterways with on-road diesel by Dec. 31, 2009
*2005 introduction of 10 ppm sulfur - Fuel must be geographically available in an appropriately balanced manner
ENERGY CONSULTING
FI Market Share 10ppm Gasoline >80% market share 30-80% market share 10-30% market share <10% market share No data Non EU27 Member State IE UK Use of tax incentive for 10 ppm sulfur fuel BE LU FR (RON98) DE CZ AT SI SK HU RO DK SE
EE LV LT
NL
PL
BU IT PT ES EL
Source: IFQC
CY MT
ENERGY CONSULTING
FI Market Share 10ppm Diesel >80% market share 30-80% market share 10-30% market share <10% market share No data Non EU27 Member State IE UK Use of tax incentive for 10 ppm sulfur fuel BE LU FR (Motorways ) DE CZ AT
SI
SE
EE LV
DK
LT
NL
PL
SK HU RO
BU IT PT ES EL
Source: IFQC
CY MT
ENERGY CONSULTING
Diesel
3 countries ultra-low sulfur legislation regional range sulfur level (on-road) regional range sulfur level (off-road) regional range cetane number regional range density at 15C (on-road) regional range density at 15C (off-road) 50 (10) ppm {BY, RU, UA} 10 - 2,000 ppm 500 - 6,500 ppm 45 - 51 830 - 860 kg/m3 830 - 860 kg/m3
ENERGY CONSULTING
(EN 228:1993)
GOST R 51866-2002
150 - 50 - 10
0.005
Diesel
Specification GOST 305-82 (summer, winter, arctic) Grades Type I / Type II / Premium Sulfur level 2,000 - 5,000 - 2,000 2,000 - 4,000 - 2,000 350 - 50 - 10
ENERGY CONSULTING
(EN 228:1993)
STB 1656-2006
(EN 228:2004)
Diesel
Specification Grades Sulfur level 2,000 - 5,000 - 2,000 2,000 - 4,000 - 2,000 50 - 10 GOST 305-82 Type I / Type II / Premium (summer, winter, arctic) STB 1658-2006 (temperate, arctic) Type I / Sulfur-free
ENERGY CONSULTING
(EN 228:2004)
Diesel
Specification DSTU 3868-99 DSTU 4840:2007 Grades Type I / Type II / Type III Type IV / Type V Type I / Sulfur-free Sulfur level 500 - 1,000 - 2,000 5,000 - 6,500 50 - 10
(EN 590:2004)
GOST 305-82 used only for military purposes since Oct. 2003
ENERGY CONSULTING
Diesel
Specification GOST 305-82 (summer, winter, arctic) Grades Type I / Type II / Premium Sulfur level 2,000 - 5,000 - 2,000 2,000 - 4,000 - 2,000
ENERGY CONSULTING
Diesel
Specification GOST 305-82 (summer, winter, arctic) Grades Type I / Type II / Premium Sulfur level 2,000 - 5,000 - 2,000 2,000 - 4,000 - 2,000
ENERGY CONSULTING
Lead Removal
Current Status Japan North America W. Europe Middle East L.America Africa Most Asia Pacific
ENERGY CONSULTING
recent upgrades - only diesel units (hydroprocessing) current upgrades - both diesel (hydroprocessing) and gasoline (isomerization) future upgrades - more into gasoline quality and increasing residue processing Russia export: crude oil ~50%; refinery products ~35% Russia export: high quality diesel to EU, lower quality products to CIS
ENERGY CONSULTING
ENERGY CONSULTING
http://www.ifqc.org
Thank You !
Manager, Refining, Eastern Europe & CIS psteiner@ifqc.org +32 2661 3080
Dr Petr Steiner
http://www.ifqcbiofuels.org
http://www.hartwrfs.com
http://www.hart-isee.org
Executive Director, IFQC, Europe & Africa sdixson@ifqc.org +32 2661 3080
Sandrine Dixson-Declve
ENERGY CONSULTING