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INTRODUCTION
Beginning of the 19th Century Urban world population 2% Beginning of the 20th Century Urban world population 10% Beginning of the 21th Century Urban world population 50%
AFRICAN CONTEXT By 2030, the population living in urban areas in East Africa will increase from 7.5% of the average annual population (1950 to 2000) to 22.6% (2000 2030)
Preparing for this continued urban growth now provides the opportunity to avoid mistakes made by other cities already further along in their development paths.
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SOUTH-SOUTH COLLABORATION, 7 November 2012, ADB Transport Forum 2012
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INTRODUCTION
Mobility in Africa The issues
Rapid urbanization leading to Increasing congestion and emissions urbanization expanding at 6% in developing countries (World Bank) Accessibility & inclusivity Strong Para-Transit Sector Low Permeability Cross country transport corridors Fragmented institutions and sharing of core responsibilities amongst several agencies. Lack of policy cohesion
The challenges
Road transport accounts for 90% of passenger traffic in Africa - correlating with a rise in health problems associated with air pollution (UNECA) Financing of transport systems. African countries fall short of allocating the desired 6-8% of GDP into infrastructure development. Mini-buses account for half of the trips made in motorized transport (World Bank) Africa has highest number of road traffic accidents per capita in the world (UNECA)
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Clean mobility
Safe roads
Peoples involvement
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Strategic Response Upgrade transit systems Implement improved non-motorized transport infrastructure Apply travel demand management Other supporting policies
Goal: Create the technical and institutional basis for implementing metropolitan sustainable transport networks. Technical basis: Establish a demonstration corridor for sustainable urban mobility. Institutional basis: Building Awareness, understanding, skills in public institutions, the public and other stakeholders
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SOUTH-SOUTH COLLABORATION, 7 November 2012, ADB Transport Forum 2012
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PRO POOR AND GENDER ACCESSIBILITY ASSESSMENT TOOL (Mozambique and Rwanda)
Objective Improve stakeholders capacity to identify the accessibility needs of the urban poor. Improve equity of planning outcomes and operationalize poverty reduction through mobility interventions. Allow for more specific articulation of strategies for how transport and land-use planning can be integrated to better respond to the accessibility needs of the urban poor
ACCESSIBILITY The extent to which individuals and households can access day to day services, such as employment, education, healthcare, food stores and town centres. Being able to take part in the normal activities of society, such as employment, democratic processes and maintain social networks and social relations. 9 MEASURING ACCESSIBILITY E.g. Affordability Index:
Activities Linking transportation to urban planning to reduce the need for motorized travel; Establishing effective public transport systems Expanding non--motorized transport infrastructure Mobility management for integrated service solutions Facilitating more efficient vehicle and fuel technologies.
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Phase 1: 20.9 km
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Phase 2: 19.3 km Phase 3: 23.6 km Phase 4: 16.1 km Phase 5: 22.8 km Phase 6: 27.6 km
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Dar es Salaam Area Rapid Transport (DART) SOUTH-SOUTH COLLABORATION, 7 November 2012, ADB Transport Forum 2012
RAPID ASSESSMENT TOOL FOR URBAN MOBILITY IN CITIES WITH DATA SCARCITY
Innovative Decision Support Tool for: Evaluating the current state of Urban Mobility in Developing Country Cities, including urban planning, transport infrastructure, assessment of area allocated to streets, etc. Concentrating on the movement of people and goods, incorporating the broad concept of accessibility, i.e. access to services, goods and contacts. Identifying and prioritizing short, medium and long term interventions on sustainable urban transport that offer the greatest quick win potential. Assessing proportion of street and public space in cities- very low in Africa
SOUTH-SOUTH COLLABORATION, 7 November 2012, ADB Transport Forum 2012
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Gather knowledge on affordable mobility solutions such as bicycling, walking and low-cost public transport to reduce travel costs and consumption of energy to improve mobility for the urban poor. Themes: Urban legislation and regulation Urban Planning Urban Design Mass rapid transit
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SOUTH-SOUTH COLLABORATION, 7 November 2012, ADB Transport Forum 2012
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Justification of GRHS ninth issue theme relates to challenges of urbanization, massive growth in urban service demand, increasing sprawl and climate change. GRHS provides a benchmark of global conditions and a scientific basis on which to inform policy, share knowledge and learn from global experiences
SOUTH-SOUTH COLLABORATION, 7 November 2012, ADB Transport Forum 2012
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Conclusions
South-South Collaboration is an effective way of sharing and learning from experiences in a Comparable Context; Targeting policy makers is key to change the current unsustainable paradigm but experience from real improvements also important for ownership and confidence building; Build on City-City Experiences Along with Experience Sharing focus also on policy dialogue at the country-to-country level, as well as endogenous funding sources..
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