A.

Influences to Health Heredity

Environment

Lifestyle

Socio-economic conditions

B. Health Attributes and value of health

Internal - health may depend on the persons genetic constitution system in the body

External

Culture Income

Physical

Behavior Education

Essential: The value of life of an individual

Biological

Habits Nutrition

Psychological Employment

C. Demand of Health Care

Contributors
Housing

Providers

Consumer

Citizens

D. Supply of health care

Drugs

Hospital/Clinic Building

Hospital Facilities and Equipment

Cost minimisation analysis

E. Microeconomic evaluation at whole system level

- Establishment of drug stores

- Drug store section of the hospital, clinic and medical centers

Private/suite rooms, ward rooms, emergency rooms, office rooms, out-patient rooms, administration rooms, morgue, store room, etc.

Cost benefit analysis

- Manufacturing and production of drugs by pharmaceutical companies

x-ray radiographic equipment, sterilizing equipment, operating room instrumentation, fetal monitors, infant incubators, ecg instruments, operating table lights, ct scans, other medical instruments, and operating room equipment.

Cost-effectiveness analysis

Cost-utility analysis

The effectiveness of the comparators in question must be proven to be equivalent Costs and benefits are both valued in cash terms Comparator is simply the one which costs less ; Measures outcome in natural units such as mmHg, symptom free days, life years gained Measures outcome in a composite metric of both length and quality of life, the Quality Adjusted Life Year

F. Market Equilibrium

Health Care Markets Competetive equilibrium in the five health markets

Efficiency vs Equity Ideological bias in the debate about the financing and delivery health markets

Evaluation at a whole system level

Health care financing market

Plannng, budgeting, and monitoring mechanisms

Input and Output Physician and nurses services market

Demands

Institutional services market

Cost

Input factors market

Gain: Benefits and Income

Professional Education market

Expansion and Upgrading

G. Evaluation at whole system level

Input and Output

Demands

Cost

Benefits and Income

Expansion and Upgrading

The inputs to this productive process are resources such as personnel (often referred to as labour), equipment and buildings (often referred to as capital), land and raw materials.

a relationship between price and quantity demanded.

is the cost of any activity measured in terms of the value of the next best alternative forgone (that is not chosen).

Benefit quantifiable in

terms of money, such as revenue, net cash flow, net income.

IncomeAmount a person or firm can afford to spend during a given period, and be as well-off at the end of it as at its beginning.

H. Planning, budgeting and monitoring mechanisms

This is the evaluation of effectiveness of instruments for optimizing the system, including the interplay of budgeting, workforce allocation, norms, regulation etc. and the incentive structures they generate