Lived Experiences of Clients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) 15-30 years of age

A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of College of Nursing Good Samaritan Colleges, Cabanatuan City

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Subject Nursing Research

Submitted By: Jomar Jerome Sinson Mary Princess Ann Soto Ivy Diane Tiongson Jonnalyn Villanueva

Introduction Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease, which occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. This leads to an increased concentration of glucose in the blood (WHO). There are three types of diabetes; Type 1 Diabetes or also known as

Juvenile Diabetes or Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Diabetes or also known as non-insulin-dependent or adult-onset diabetes and Gestational Diabetes. The study described in this thesis will focus on lived

experiences of patients with type 1 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is characterized by a loss of pancreatic beta-cell (B-cell)

function and an absolute insulin deficiency.

Since insulin is

the primary anabolic hormone that regulates blood glucose level, type 1 diabetics require a continuous supply of insulin for

survival. Usual therapy for type 1 diabetics involves insulin replacement subcutaneous measurements. through insulin daily infusion injections guided by or daily a continuous glucose

blood

Statement of the problem

The

specific

research

questions

that

guided

the

design

and

analysis of this qualitative study were: 1. How do these patients interpret their experiences with

diabetes? 2. What do these patients feel impeded or promoted adherence to the diabetic regimen? 3. How did diabetes affect the patient physical, social,

emotional, and academic experiences? 4. What should relatives know about caring of patients with this disease? Scope and Limitation The primary focus of this study will be directed towards the Lived Experiences of Clients with Type 1 Diabetes (IDDM).

The researchers will select clients with Type 1 Diabetes in Nueva Ecija, whose age ranges 15-30 years.

Significance of the Study The researchers believe in the merits of the study

especially to the following:

Researchers.

This

study

will

enable

the

researchers

to

apply the theories learned in nursing research thus helping them to sharpen their skills. Nursing Students. This study will enable students to have an overview on how the clients with Type 1 Diabetes overcome their daily problems. Future Researchers. This study will serve as guide and

source of information to the future researchers thus make them finish their paper easier and faster.

Relatives of the respondents. This will give insights to the relatives of the respondents on how to handle the clients in caring them. Definition of Terms To express clearly the meaning of the words to be used in this study, the researchers will define the terms conceptually, as follows: Chronic Disease. A disease that persists for a long time. Complications. A pathological process or event occurring during a disease that is not an essential part of the disease; it may result from the disease or from independent causes.

Diabetes mellitus. Is a condition that occurs when the body can't use glucose normally. Insulin. Is a hormone that lowers the level of glucose in

the blood.

RELATED LITERATURE Foreign Literature The search for a cure for diabetes has been afocused effort by hundreds of scientists for has in this nearly thirty years. to Basic many in

scientific

discovery

contributed quest. Many

significantadvancements

improvements

diabetes care haveemerged, and much human suffering has been spared. But no previous research has achieved the cure of a fully insulin-dependent diabetic mouse, attained by a group of scientists at MGH - a discovery that holds the hope that a cure for this terrible disease can be found.

According illness. It

to

BMJ a

Group of

Medical, time and

diabetes is effort to

serious after

takes

lot

look

yourself, especially if you get extra problems (complications).

On top of checking your blood glucose and taking insulin, you have to watch what you eat and take regularexercise.Also, you may have to see your GP, hospital specialist, or diabetes nurse quite often. And you may have to visit hospital clinics for treatment on your eyes,kidneys, or heart. This can make family life complicated. And it may affect your ability to do the job you want to do.All of these stresses can take a toll. You may get depressed, especially if you have other health problems or a disability.
[10]

If you feel stressed or depressed, talk to your

doctor. Depression can be treated, and you can get advice about how to cope with your diabetes. You may find it helps to talk to other people who have diabetes. Someone from your diabetes team may be able to put you in touch with a support group in your area. According to M. Peyrot; Regimen adherence was poor,

especially for diet and exercise; provider estimates of patient self-care were lower than patient reports for all behaviors. Diabetes-related worries were common among patients, and

providers generally recognized these worries. Many patients had poor psychological wellbeing. Providers reported that most

patients had psychological problems that affected diabetes selfcare, yet providers often reported they did not have the

resources to manage these problems, and few patients reported

receiving psychological treatment. Psychosocial problems appear to be common among diabetic patients worldwide. Addressing these problems may improve diabetes outcomes, but providers often lack critical resources for doing so, particularly skill, time

andadequate referral sources. Local literature According to Cuevas, Diabetes Mellitus is an independent risk factor for stroke and is strongly correlated with high blood pressure. While diabetes is treatable, having it increases a persons risk of stroke. People with diabetes often also have high cholesterol and are overweight, increasing their risk even more. According to Augusto D. Litonjua One of the dreaded complications of diabetes Mellitus is the failure of the kidneys to function. The Kidneys area vital organ without them, we die. Because, the waste products generated by the various metabolic processes in the body cannot be removed. We succumb to our own poison.

According to Joselynna S.Anel-Quimpo the care and treatment of diabetes mellitus extends beyond monitoring of blood glucose control. It aims to prevent the onset of microvascular complications, and for other patients, prevent the progression of the disease process.Patients and their medical caregivers (endocrinologists, Diabetes specialists,nurse educators, dietician/nutritionists and other support units) should work hand in hand in this endeavor.

METHODS AND PROCEDURES This chapter presents the method of research to be used, the instruments, the sources of data and the procedures that will be used in gathering of data which employed by the

researchers. Research Instruments Researchers use interview in gathering data. The first

focuses on the individuals life history and the context of the participants experience. During the second, the participant

provides as much detail as possible about his or her experience with the phenomenon in question; in this case, diabetes. In the lastly, the participant is asked to reflect on the meaning of his or her experience, and whether or not it has had an impact on his or her life. Research Locale This study will be conducted in Nueva Ecija.