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Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
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Mi
92
FEDERAL BUREAU
FIVE
OF fNVESTI GATION
PERCENTERS
CROSS REFERENCES!
PART Z
BUFILE: 157-6-34
OF Z
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DIR FBI
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5?-6-3M!
-892! M/I7am x LL 5?
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SUBJECT:
1 CIHL
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3 Qn.LLmA AND HILLOUGHBY VEHUES AND BEDFGRD AND KgLg gVUE5, DE 92 BROOKLYE, NEH YORK, ,S/21 and__22/Q6: W ew - WYte1 to Rurgauj an "m" 92 e _ _ ,_ V * 1 "_. * *
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enC@nLYQ,Gm QKEEKQQ; and g1; RM ; HYtel to Bureau. dated 6/23/66 entitles, IJCIDEHTS IN BEDFORD STUY?ESANT v __' ' "~- "'T"_" P&'*92* , ,T"7" .. A J,/23/U15 I1;-2,,
92 1F1
vatec 8/23/Q6
92
aceve @A
resort :9
encleeee tor
PI
This LEN
tne Bureau
are elght
coples of
A low
incidents
LEM in
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7FEDERAL ~
F "'
Bureau 15?-6-33 New Yerk 15?-892
Neew York,
New York
1966
August 23,
Racial Incidents
in
Bedford -
Stuyvesant Area,
Brooklyn, New
August 21-
23, 1966
York,
August 22,
poliee the incidents reperte
clashes racial tensien betweenare described uh as between groups, but and whites polee ethnic by the result of Negroes
related to increased racial tension in area of Brooklyn, New York, in the past
According to
gggaengi 2;
ef Negro youths who
AE.t21~ 522
1966
H!%:&
Aummnamaan cumnwzn
ES l.as:a
heldty a group a dance
Avenues, Brooklyn,
ages 15
n0 isorder
"Youth Action", assaulted youth at in a white SkillmiF and Willoughby New York, and cut him on the head ucx
and 1?,
At 1:30
and no
had attended
11:30 p.m.,
August 21,
1966, a
called,
greup
jumped an
a.m., an
of
t
two Negro
Av
Brocklyn, New
York. According
arrests made
enues, was
{H1
KW?
9/
This document
contains neither
recommendations
nor conclusions
of the
FBI. It
iS th
property
cf the
its contents
FBI and
is loaned
are not to
to yeur
be distributed
agency; it
outside
and
your agency.
?_/"'/ 3
b u 4 4
in
Brooklyn August.2l
-23, 1966
Incidents at Prospect Park West Bedford Avenue and Park Avenue, and Skillmen and Flushing Avenue,
five females and one male, all Negro,went to e "pizza at 269 Prospect Perk west, Brooklyn. In front of the
derogatory remarks
result of eni an altercation ensued. Ae a
a Brooklyn Summer Youth Brooklyn, were rehearsing During e rehearsal break to the
joint" "pizza
Negroes
this altercation,
Negro, age
1?, were
male Negro,
the Methodist
age 19,
and a
white
Brooklyn.
slight injurie
but
no arrests
Hospital in
were-ma e an
no
were b
h were
1. 2.
I92{ _,/
charged with
False alarm
of fire.
Malicious Mischief
Disorderly conduct.
3.
Q.
Violation of
Section 1991,
rocks at police and firemen answering the false alarm. NYCPD automobile number lH7l, of the 90th Precinct "as hit by a rock resulting in little or
no Qemagekg m
to Police e re an een
nitted
IQ, L
"Five
tted taking inPercentere as
Percenters" for
structions for
one week_az
two weeks.
e militant
Negro youth
organization on
- gr-
the
if
,,
I 1 -
c r
- -u
Racial Incidents
in
Bedford
-Stuyvesant
Brooklyn, New
August 2l_-23,
Yor;
19oo J
ty of Skillman
and Flushing
._,>
,a
York, Early
to w-+
e rac1a_ continued tense
Morning!'~ 92
August 2 Section
' Bss,
,l , , of Brooklyn
uyvese During
qt 4;"?
the ages
the night,
of l
a roving
to 21
band of approximately
years old,
created incidents
200 Negro
in the
yguths between
area
involving clashes with patrolman, bottle throwing and breaking windows, The incioents were Eeparate butwrolated to the roving band of youths. The bano was dispersed and situation subsided
at approximately
taken
to the
Cumberland Hospital.
2:30 a.m.
Their condition
not
injured and
known at
had
VIE.-S 9.I I E eS
th malicious mischief a window vw_-r -v~nS-x':'F"-n=-- uuu. 92.a.--.1.-n4.v=-~ =.r'9211.Q Q!'3.QQ9292' m'|nY*a --v----~-~ M Qn 44;, 1., ..a.-w./.4415, n'r<"r92:>: l- nvs u,.1..-wu
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Racial Incidents
in
Bedferd -
Stuyvesant
Area,
Brooklyn, New York, August 21 . 23, 1966 ' ' er. Arresting officer
on rig
an Q9
of the
13th Division.
Us
Stleet
L q E2
e.Af1y_e
11970
with
nu respect
The Five Percenters" ere made up of neighborhood groups of young Negro teenagers who have
On August 8, 1966 BS3, NYCPD, have no clubhouse or headquarters. They ogerate mainly as a Harlem and Bedford ~ Stuyvesant street gang with an estimated membership of 300 youths. He stated that they were a very loose organization with no real leadership.
W gs / 1.
for law
and QTde Bg I
commented that
the Police
the effect
_ he
n <1" Iv ;-l 5W
Dmeune 2, 15
Bureau fi1e8 contain nu
information concerning
ed "Five Percenters".
group cal
instructed
New
York Office
to c nduct
investigation to
leaders and
this grou
Rights Division
of
Department being
advised as
Military
well
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PAGE THREE
HALE NEGRQ
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{~11}! ' _J; ' '1, , V-v sir 42!,_.__ _,, 1. {-Q _;. .
ALL SIX ABQVENEGROES ARE EMPLOYED AND STATE THEY ARE MEMBERS GF
...;_f._3_ , W
,
STATED F
CURNEES
%%Q
:,_;;;'; - g
. 1 V.-;.-:5: ' r
SELF -PRJGGLAIHEB
LEADER
0? "FIVE
PERcEnTRs*.
LEE
CHARGED
HE was
sraucx
an Hana BY sncx
wzswxn
BY ALLAH,
ALLAH IN
rum: smrrzs
HE was
Qw Z-. 2"
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PAGE
FOUR
92
2-,5-
.1 J
DEFENDANTS THE FGLLQHERS THEIR AND APPEARED, SIXTY ROSE T0 FEET SHOUTED j
PEACE HOLDINGTHEIR PALMS UPRAISED. JUDGE 0 BRIEN CLEAREDCOURT ;
7=3~:'*l.' :.. .'_- ,5="' -,~_-. K :-'-. ' ~_. Q Y,>.1;*1--1|, -<, >92w , 1. _. -'.;:1 .' _1",;, ., T7 .. , .;;3,r ~-
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Lus, ALLAH,I5 eon ANDTHREATENED KILL UILBERT_LEE N&P PATHL AN V %@vxa41z7;#%a T0 AND r VHO ARRESTED H1m} <f
ALL SIX NEGRUES WHO WERE ARRES
gaa i
wasna wuo IS uszs
1nmnIA1ELYQg:
SELF-IDENTIFEED
Q-$'i *
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Date:
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I II
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92
we
_-
I4"
L New
E .1
;__.h
er
_
. ,- ._.--*
Racial
furnished we X/Q r L he V
QIQH July
30 1
un
28th Precinct,
;ment,
New
;1 2! , --ge
1'65, e cans
set
described hereefter=ge 92
and bottles
These disorderly
youths, .~
arrestj was
were effected.
years of
with additional
remaining eleven,
Six of
seventeen arrests
ages 16 to 18,
delinquents. The
lh and
15
92 ~ '
Mi
:3
in Adolescent
Court, Centre
_0rk- it;,Ju1y?C! y
inch
and the
adolescents
J ,
nor conclusions
This document
to be distributed outeid y y g
V e our a ens .
and is loane
of the
FBI. It
contains neither
is the
its coneenesqnrenot
1 _
property qt
recommendations
the FBI
ii
92
l.~~N
@:92'j-r ,E J
2
R
29, 1965
_tej:
, VL
loosely knit
of New
group of
Negro youth
gangs in
the
beuhded by Fifth Avenue on the east, Seventh Avenue on the west, 120th Street on the south and 130th Street on the north. These particular gangs emanate from New York City Public School Number 120, which is a junior high school
serving the above area and located near 120th Street at
Harlem section
York City.
They come
from an
area
1832 Madison
Avenue. They
also hang
out around
New Yhrk
City
type gangs
l These youths are typical of the numerous that exist in Harlem except that they
an individual
in the
whe refers
to himself
as "Allah"
of the
all seurces
pastjik
This "Allah" arrest he have been
furn hed
reliable informetien
is the
recognized
leader sf
arrested on
the
denied being an NOI member at present, a member in the past where he received
he is his "X
known to name".
of the area4jgJ92
the aboveyeuth
-2-
..,~ Qiaturbance byCalled _, omupo l.[ ?_"-" * ?~?*>r.-4 rfrlwisifil-I% '- iv * Five er ~", Harlem, }? ;j Pr ?????"~A&%$ Y&
~"e ~Y?1'1 i -L. = ~1- Y 29,
_, ,_ .. -- .__ -_ ~*
1965
_
i '
* 1., ~_
4 92: F Ir
:"
APPEHDDC.
_' '
' ;
nmrxonor zsmm,
formerly
i
5
i
;referred
i- Cult of Islam,
to as
also knowrz as
the Muelim
. '
VT
V ?"
. no _ on
.V
'
_ Ir J
~ has
A, _
"NationIslam," or
the national
Ho. 2,
- _ <3
,On May 8, 196%, a second source advised ELIJAH o. .Ff*q_1im;moi 1a_1:.ne national leader of the ROI; H11h&m d'B Temple . is
of Islam
=" MUHAMMAD and_other N01 officials, when referring $0 MUHAM5D'3-5Y1 .organizat1on on a nationwide basis, commenced using either H-
headquarters of the
5335 South
%$&
;*
Temples or Islam
_ originally
Mosque or "Temple"
The ROI is an
na ion in the
Z
ciaims to have been selected by Allah, the Supreme Being, to lead the so-called Negro race out of slavery in the wilderv". neaa of North America by establishing an independent black teachings and his interpretation of the "Koran_ believe 15 no uc thing as a Negro; that the so-called Negroes
slaves of the white race, referred to as white devils," in
MUHAMMAD
qxploitation of
the United
States; and
1 P
the so-called
that the
Negroes, must
white race,
and will
because of its
he 1

provisionsSelective ActsStates V dEoired of no theallegiance to service have -** "' and that members owe the United
I
including MUHAMAD,
have refused
officials and
to register
members of
under the
the N01,
had, upon
iprinciples
statements and
advice
On May 5, 1958,
.prosecut1on by
of his
instructions
of legal
counsel; tempered
source advised
not indicate
92
organization;S _ Q
1 -.J_. ~ ~.
the United
ministers ooncerning
his personal
MUHAMMAD the
teachings of
=_ ' .~ - _ -n $1
however, he
possible
-,9
.
hia I
did
1 . E i
,:~,_
,4
--ff.
_- ;~is2g@%i
V ., . r
'
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92 '
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-.
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___
'
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92 ff l
-
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I
4 ~
.~ NATIQN OF ISLAM, farmerly referred to as the Muslim
Cult of Islam, also
l APPENDIX ,. *
~ ~ ,%
'
Mqhammad'sl$em1es lF of Islamlknown as
*
3
~QR T, 1963,third souree Ma? a advised MUHAMMAD _, fl . 2&6,in early July, 1958, secided de-emphasize to thereligious ~
j enefits to be derived by those NegrueawhoJoined the NOI_; ,] , This policy vh nsel according to MUHAMMAD, help him A; wuuld . acquire additional followers and create more 1ntereat.in;1;*11
__
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5-22-64!
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Trcinsrmt the
following in
PLAIN TEXT
,__
Date:
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a letterhead
information
York Office will attempt to determine
The New
scribed as adolescentsi~
Vgazbak
with de-
. - _,1' FEDERAL so . ._
Y .4",
.L,/ 6 vices
submittedthe in
Reference is
made to the
previous communication
/ 92.L,q V
~ T Police artment,
On Monday, August 2, 1965, at 10:00 a.m., seven Juvenile members of the organization known.as the "Five Percenters" appeared before Judge Moskoff in Family Court
on West 23rd Street, Manhattan, New
the charge
arising out under the duct, but
disorderly conduct
of
of Juvenile
an incident
and obstructing
that took
e police
plae
in Harlem,
officer!
assembly,
New
York City,
dismissed for
on July
charges of the charge
lack of
29, 1965.
were found
following is
guilty
the
amaze;lhiil i We t as G
~ FBI.
of the
ENCLOSURE I8 }
Disturbance
"Five
Beircenters",
by Grnup
Harlem,
Called
iii
,5
I A1 J,
K?
la
X1
~1,'y
P0llCBl epar
asfollowsl u92
ferred to as the
ment, on
group
gangs id the Harlem Section of New Yerk City. Street on the south
These particular
Of Negro youtn>r
and l30th*; junior
near
the "Brothe
They come
Seventh
gangs emanate.fgpm
Disturbance by
Group Called
Five Percenters",
July 29,
Har1em,_
1965 1:
Humber 68, leeeted
of the
>
120th Street
at 1532
Madison Avenue.
Public Seheel
They also
hang out
at
numerous street-
indoctrineted them
Muslim teachings
of Nation
of Islam
of the
N01! leader
N01
Elijah
Muhammad ygj
A characterization
is attached and all seurces
therein have
furnished liable
is the
recognized leader
of the
~gee
". He hes been identified es Clarence West il2th Street, New York City, Apert~
to have been a memben in the past, of the "X name". He is unempleyed end sp ends the ebove menti0ned wee where he
"Ham?
I

_1
1 *1
_ 3
20
.-
--
Dssturbanee by er p
New York City, July l. APFENDIX
referred to as the
"Five Percenters ,
Harlem,
Galld"
29, 1965
Cult of
Islam, also
known
as
is the
national headquarters
national leader of the NOI; Muhammad s Temple 5335 South Greenwood Avenue, Chicago, Illinois
of the
in mid-1959,
MUHAMMAD andother N01 officials, when referring to MUHAMAD'S organization on a nationwide basis, commenced using either.
Temples of Islam.QEk3
The NDI originally organized is
"Mosque" or "Temple"
when mentioning
"Muh&mm8d'B
ness of North America by establishing an independent black nation in the United states. Members following MUHAMNAD'S teachings and his interpretation of the "Koran" believe there is no such thing as a Negro; that the so-called Negroes are slaves of the white race; referred to as "white devils," in the United states; and that the white race, because of its exploitation of the so-called Negroes, must and will be
to lead
claims to
the so~called
have been
selected by
Negro race
Allah, the
out of
slavery in
Supreme Being,
the wilder-
including MUHAMAD,
provisions of
have refused
to register
under the
the Selective
Service Acts
and have
On May 5, 1958, the first source advised MUHAMMAD had, upon advice of legal counsel, tempered his personal statements and instructions to his ministers concerning the principles of his organization in order to avoid possible
prosecution by the United States Government; however, he did
not indicate
organizati0nEg%
an fundamental
changes in
the teachings
of his
_ & -
at
1:b
,Harlem,
;
APPENDIX
1965
g; NATION OF
referred to Cult of
ISLAM, formerly
Muslim known as
Mubwme9Te1T@meleS Of
Islam
had, early
aspects of benefits to This policy
On May T, 196%,
acquire additional
the teachings of Islam and to stress the economic be derived by those Negroes who joined the NOI. change, according to MUHAMMAD, wwuld hl him
in July;
l958@ decided
a third
to de emphasize
source advised
MUHAMMAD
the religious
follawers and
_5
il
,- L "J @<
V if 7'33 ;
H15 num r~
513
_ __;,__ _:_,_, _ f__7,,:%s?JM92 .*!'- fiiirlv:::==..;-.-->_%_vw-;'_;<_$.-_ q, _iMw--__ ;_-<__ _._ .=_ .4~__..._ ...~u'-='i I>=-<=*w*!-=:3Hv'I~ 1'~ $=-.-3 . _,. --~14-vr-r, $*'1u-vuw.1y|~*i~a. .o92-_ z .;.., ....~,.--r-w.'=92>-wur; -~'~v~+
5 " _>v F'D*3 6 Rev. Z-813} 5-Q _ . '1 K I9292.
F -*1 .X
' ._ Q
-' P
./' ~ 1 .
A .-:.>: ;
v 3 v
/
1 Ev . FBI
a J??jY3T
Date:
Transmit the
follewinq in
M rm
[meI ~
. .,_ A, 4
7; .. _<r
Hg Fat .........;._41...m;.-.......-,-M--v-In
92/in AIRTEL
_
.,92
M;
_ '
_,_ rm
r '
TO:
DIRECTQR, FBI
A .H
A~ A.
QI
IVE __
92 1
K, FROM:
SUBJECT:
"~|
rl. 1 92
AJ
;
'92
r .1 -V
2,
~ J, :-
.5
1
"5,/ furnished
pg
/
copies Qf
Rawtel 6/1/65/L.
a LHM concerning a to SA
_ -The
LN;
the true
but it is
;~._' 92 ' .Q E.
advlsed that
are unknown
possibly
reference
, ,1-M, I: -.,,.=.,92-w mm
subject of
-_- '
1-10@~152v59 I*"MI! 3
92 rV--& _
L ;r_u-92.-~==r~--'~7-Pil--: _1-_....:.,__ .-__92_ ___==_....;.~.==;..'.,.. .4-1.-==.-,....- -W-W._A.~@~921u..-,,-my-..-=--w='-u<@.sv-=.-_ __,.> ..;92..-.@- . ..._ ..... .->ep~'v92>~.-,--Q 1;-M-;1"~;.1~va-1-a_: -_P_._._..-.9 ,, ., ~ I-P"-iv
V. w ~_
m 7 ,~
a
E
. Q2
p I
%v
.
'
my 157~1ua9
in defectedthe N01 mttcomthe mzvxi, &# THC ;Tu.ne, 19611, allege in April, Q X and to was from
of this allegatian an investigation was opened ,: _"
tl him but the MEI allegation apparently affiliatien was net verified, the being untrue since he was reported
no identif
in attendance N01 affairs reported at at N01 affair NClast attendanc June, 195% in His 3/23/651I an after was on
-_-pun-u-i-
w during Qctober~N0 L1
noted t t he
1963. 92&..1 I-6
if this
identical 1:
is
tf
YE "GUMEAL".. 1 SMITH,
Photngraphs of
individuals are
' racial
these or
,obtained
displayed
{involved withinvectives_and becomes and Street every ordinary Harlem rowdy with ;fighter wh outs involved
or any of the others are determined to.be similar groups, individual case files
the event
to N01,
MMI, OAAU
files are not being opened at this time. feel that the Bureau should become
this matter
pthe Maytag! l 1
The Bureau will be
_ _g_
do
V _i
kept adv1sedlg.92
___
35
w-
Vuaammw%* xnwm~w&-m? ,
.p .l.l_mw@%m>x=:@~ &h1-aw.
,g
'A -3 ..n.,.
/y
_;-
_.
v;5*'ov,.
QI-i
R; -0:
"
gr%%P%weR%W l
*June '
NewYork, NewYork
2, 1965
Disturbance By Group Called Five Percenters", Harlem, New York City, May 31, 1965
mac
blocking
Special Services SS!, New V icy o_ ce Department NYCPD! advised that at 9:15 p.m., six Negro males were
the sidewalk and interfering with street traffic
Racial Matters<P
Lg QL,
of _,
in front of the Hotel Theresa, 2890 ?th avenue, New York City. when told to move on by two police officers they turned on the officers, called on bystanders to attack the
officers Additional six and and shouted anti~white and anti-police invectivea. police assistance was necessary to arrest the two of the officers were bitten. Previously a
bar
window
Wilbert
had been
Lee
broken by
been
the
struck
group
on the same
and
head six
of Lenox
a Negro
with individuals
male
a stick
named
had
wielded by
minutes
had caused
one of
before this
the
six
arrested.
these
at the corner
Approximately 90
Avenue
incident
a disturbance
and 116th
police
Street
in
they
Harlem. when
com lied but
told
cursed
to move on by a
and berated the
officer
Muslim
have
advised
e names or
knowledge
ases
but
all
members of the
"Five
Percentera", which
Muslims
they
claim
means
According
drink.
i Au.
oup that nor conclusions
It
it
they
have
"hangs u
no headquarters
m iatu
FBI!.
to your
outside
and appear
to
is
and
the
its
property
contents
the FBI
not to
and is
agency;
your
agency.
gang
...-
,_.=~.l.,.-;-P-@a:+ 1= ~=-'i1 I1F~#-=w,=.w.~wi-.-. /=e:=.--.=r->:zm,->- ..,-r-w._ .,.._-@.1:a=m:@i_.--.1=l@-.>,-=a.<=g=1~:1-::.:az:,92u,.,. ._ ,4'f ,. ..y -;. .5:;1?.:;;@-_1,1,,:-$4.;=,_,
I u
R .7
m wgi-?~' Y-~ -1
;"*
V .'
Characterizatinns of
the NGI,
MMI and
Incorporated OAAU!,
and all auurces
the Organization
of Afro-American
the six
therein have
are attached
Unity,
furnished i
hereto
Ed
arrested,
all of
~
W -
1. iAl1ah",
is the
refuses ta
3@%PY 35
proclaimed leader
NYCPB nuv I--NJ er
ringleader of
of the
the six
"Five Percenters".
and self-
B6lQ2 %} J
'~'-'1 - : .-L5
-,.
.;--A
.- mm.W,.Mmn~a@HWaw.l
92.
Disturbance By Grcup Called "Five Percenters , Harlem, New Yevk City, May 31, l955
Racial MattersQ}
with felonious
to commit
marijuana ci
all six
In a dition,
arrest, assault
tte and
malicious mischief gq
charged with
and disorderly
pessession of
1955,
Ccurt,York City, the adjourned Elie Eew and case until June 18,
w re arralgnea All are incarcerated in lieu of bail ranging from
92_/P
that
he was
with
Ged and
stated that
the Court
charge them
l 92
anything since
"white lawyers
aesistanceJQQ!
He also
refused
Negro
hvuse the disturbances. The
- dvised that
5e six
closed to
hearing but courtroom there where the
a large of
_
lfl /7 J
was kept
6 <;,:': L;,
the public i
page 30,
published in
The June 2, 1965 editions of and the "Daily News", page 10,
New York City, contained
nn Q11-nsrinnmnnt ....,._. ..........,.._._,:,.....v..92..
the six
as "Black
Mus ms",
a term
generally used
to refer
-3-
_. _-1,,
,_ 1' .1 1
35* .7 /1* A _ . /H
.~" JP
_,, .l.
,...~.,-.-._...o,-o_. ~ ~ .-Hr -4
""
*'
/ , .1 .=5" L . "'2?-w--"
1"
tctsrocs
is trsoo
$>itss tics
orcootor l
1, APPENDIX
New York
on page
in New
X {LITTLE},
the Muslim
Mosque, Incorporated MMI!. The MMI, according to the article would be a broadly based politically oriented black nationalist
movement for Negroes only, In this public statement
the doctrine of non-violence
themselves in the civil rights that Negroes form rifle clubs property in time of emergencies
struggle, and he also suggested to protect their lives and in areas where the govern~
them{C
Incorporation papers
the Business
York, New
Section, Clerk
of the
MNI filed
that the
of Courts,
on March
New YOPR
16,
York, reflect
MMI was
incorporated under the Religious Corporation Law of the State of New York to work for the imparting of the Islamic Faith and Islamic Religion in accordance with "accepted Islamic principals." The principal place of worship to be
located in the
The May 23, 1953, edition of the "New York Amsterdam News," a weekly Negro newspaper published in
New York
BOOKER
city, contained
in which he indicated
by columnist
had hear
JAMES
that the
visit by
tour has
leaders during
soft in his
his African
anti-white
Foundation of
Theonly teachings
New York!,
1 Riverside
Drive, New
Islamic He1igion.@k!
York City.
I P
..__ V. _ ' __,,..,..,.-W-J-.=m~:>rw.=>.w;-/<-';=~. -.r-....--. _ 192.~.....92-.,__.r_d,1-2;=>w=~,:-- r..=w,u~.--,!92>4 -AH" *""" " w aw? 1 . F ' 92#. ._.' .1
92
nX
J 1 F 5 v.
Yark City,
May 31,
l3
E; &EEZ
MQLIM;@Q3QUE;r99E?OR&T$
.~w 1' 171
A second
confidential snurce
advised on
October 20
where they
were established
shared with
the headquarters of the MMI are located in Suite Theresa, 2090 Seventh Avenue, New York, New York,
on March 16, 1964. These head~
the Organization of Afro-American
quarters are
an OAAU rally at
on February
21, 1965,
r - Dr
~ I I
:43
I
J 33
_M
la
'
ea
! i
E
1E
referre to
at, taae
NATION OF
Cult Of
Islam,
HE5@E1lT3@DlQlQ5ll%@El
In J has described
anuery, 195?,
his organizatien
Isl
"Nation of
as tne
On May 8, 196%,
MUHAMMAD is tn sf Islam N0. is the nationa
MUHAMMAD and
ELIJAH
e netienel
2
Muhammad's Tamale
erganizatien on
"Masnue" or
1 headquarters of the NOI; and in mid~19@O, 0 tner NOI officials, when referring to MUHAMMAD S a nationwide basis, commenced using either
"T
Temples of I3la'm.@g~92!
The
originally org
claims to to lead mess of have the so North
NOI is an all Negro organization which was V anized in 1930 in Detroit, Michigan. MUHAMAD ~called Negro race out America by establishing
been selected by Allah,
the Supreme
Being,
wilderblack th re
are
nation is no
lavee of the United
teachings
Members following
NUHAMMAD S
sf the
that the white
white race,
tee; and
referred to
devils,"
of its
in
expleitation of
destroyed in
In
the so-called
that the
race, because
t
t
he apprO8Ching
he past,
the Selective
officials and
including MUHAMMAD,
pravisions cf
have refused
allegiance to
to register
and
5erv1ce Acts
that members
owe no
the United
statee1.}
the
had, upen
atatementa and
prosecution by
his organization
the United
any fundamental
instructions
ta his
States Government;
changes in the
in order
to avoid possitle
however, he
teachings of
did
his
0rganization[bu
an 'vjg92
3/
.' Q
-in NATION OF
referred to
L V
&. EiEN1'2Ii
Cult of
Islam, alse
known as
Islam x;
a third sour e advised MUHAMMAD
W% had,
On May
T, 196%,
acquire additional
his programs.Q9~92
*.-s/
Q31-
m*~~,,,,M 1,
, <_,
e DisuTban_9BYY, __
M Racial
..K ff . v "..
Grouo Called
- _@.~...
Five Pereentere
1965
nerlem, new
Matters V
york City,
Nev 31,
;:_ APPENDIX
on June 28, 196%, MALCOLM X LITTLE, founder and
announcement was
Muslim Mosque, Incorporated MMI!, publicly formation of a new, all Negro, militant ciyil group to be known es the Qrganization of AfroOAAU}, with himself as Chairman. This
made at a public
Audubon Ballroom,
rally held
by the
New
MMI
York City.92
A printed and published statement of basic OAAU aims reed by NALGGLM X at this meeting indicates that it shall include "all" people of African descent in the western Hemisphere, as well as "our" brothers and sisters
on the
African continent.
It is
patterned after
the "letter
May, 1963.Qy92
meeting indicates
of the Qrgenization of African Unity established heads of States! at Addie Ababa, Ethiopia, in of the Negroes se
while the United Nations.
remarks of
aim of the
MALCOLM X at this
OAAU is is to eliminate
that the
they can
work together
to
fer by
the non-
initial objective
"internationelize" the
taking it to the
rights movement
LITTLE condemned
violent
be taught
civil rights
to protect
claims that
and if
Negroes should
necessary.
politics, culture,
that the
a program
for Negroes
e confidential
OAAU are located in
128, Hotel
Theresa, 2090
Tth Avenue,
New
21, 1965,
Ballroom,
an OAAU
rally at
the Audubon
On April 13, 1965, a second confidential source on March 26, 1965, the OAAU filed a Certificate
with the New York, and
_3
Incorporated g
c:> K?
. _ ; A V
? 1 Viz: '3
1
' "-
A
:~ t| V
A A
--.--w-1-W- _=;m_
%
nti
rs Q
* T0:
nmscroa FBI g
i?
Ma RX
.1.
..., .5 K
AA
A ? 1= A,ADIA_A A", HARLEM, ma,qr , "A sumzzc STIIRBAHQE A51: f4; jA ~."FIVE PERGE LE_ " 5/31/5g~!@'A A
_ Enclosed
l r
,J1 I, I s
gJ w 13-}
in Harlem
@4-
;,1AA.A A
G-2, ONT. .051?
AJJTJL
5:0
NY Aqensy
LYOIw.. Q _
'1
....
-H Bureau
Encls.l8 /-5,7"
-G '
92
"
> -
-.
-e e on
P ,.
. v 1,
!, 5.!
-it .. ea
5 = 1 ; . 4 I
NY 15?-1389
r- - i
:;=:_:e cmnewce an NYion i 131; snare ies*eei,!gI,,e1 !i.1 the ti NYC will open investiga
him for
Inasmuch
as theeNY?D has
*3 particularly 1% appears
H3 advised
3%
Iv;is __
>3 hes
gr area
.@ meeting
of Harlem without
place, plus
an overall
teenage street
organizational setup
mentor SMITH
gangs in en
is
or
the fact
that their
iConsequently,
g incarcerated, _ problem
and not
a investigation
at this
time institute
an
g influence e groups
-
< incident 4
or infiltration subf gfive black by type nationalists into the "Five Peroenters _
I
under this
caption to
determine the
extent of
In this
regard the
HYO will
maintain liaison
with
3 and
group. obtained
informants. The names of the 48 youths known to with the "Five Percentervs" will be obtained from
searched through NY indices.
Photographs of the six who were arrested have been and are being shown to N01, MEI, OAAU and racial
o
the identity of "GUMEAL" age 21! JAMES HOWELLage 3?! with this
eevieevegl.
_~922;? '1
it COHH El3.l7YW'
E! m
*
* *-'*>*--**4 ==%'=5Ii=a@4>~ _.~ ,. -'='=* ,-*= 1=@1~>-*1-x -=2 f.r."" .- 7** .~._- :'.ew * +:;*:1- -**>'~ ' .r92,-.. " :;..;;;~~,gn1- - J,~ LI"*';-._92;'.-,".eEl;zj_;;a;;;?:eq;>gll; -~ :92-~
-~ .92.-_ i"*'~"-"''1'* - ~ -'.,1."* '- A-_.~_,.:-wmr 7*!-.,. ._92 .*-' , .- '4. 92_ -J _, " 5 ' I- ,~,, -:* = -""*5 :~'?ff'f._" 1;_;1'g;_~:7-*@.JL'1 j*5 "fkgn wt . ..;."-;1: ~' Ti? -.-'./I~**1. 92:..'J'.- .-" <"--~.;71 -;w-.'>~:-*"5f?*@ " -* 92.~.'-~~;.,1>,;-- -= B _, :5;-*__; ..~-'<'t- '* "" - -~ -or--=,..'~;.,;.-"'-=fFl-' -_;,_.=:M-';'-:;_,_.,.-.-~7 gr-. ; :92,;T ;_ ---921.;.-1.1 V <~ " -J "' I" 11;. ~' l;_~:~1_,_<~~,-_
-92-
"
'1 U 5, "I
.-1*
;@J% *R New
June
NY 157-IQ39
York, NewYork
9, 1965
.
Disturbance By
i;-.
Percenters," Harlem,
eroup Called ~
New York
"Five
City,
Racial MetterQ&J
to memorandum
of Special
at New Yer-k _92?>~92 York, New lurema C/A orJ 7, 1965 EB H we 1: 4' 5 1:. Bee,
Services, New
dated June
2, 1965,
NYCPD!, advised
of the of that
informetion:5
The "Five
to as the "Brotherhood
"Five Percentere , BS8 has conducted an investigation grou .This investigation developed the following Percenters", who
of Bleckmen"
that because
of nature
and autiViti$
are on
or the
occesian, referred
"Brotherhood ef
Allah," is a loosely knit group of Negro youth gangs in the Harlem sectien of New York City. They come from an area bounded by Fifth Avenue en the east, Seventh Avenue on the west, 120th Street on the south ed 130th Street on the north. These particular gangs emanate from New York City Public School Number 120, which is a junier high school
serving the
above area
and located
near 120th
Street at
1832 Madison
Avenue. They
also hang
out areund
New York
City
influenced by
and has
type gangs
an individual
who refers
to himself
es "Allah"
.... ..
;u:1iiQdinfomation reliablethe in
P
recommendations nerconclusions
M
of the
it
3G
77F 5'lFl"~iv:-- ..-_ ,{.!_->e%=~.', .~._l_..__..+.--l.92.,..._..92=* - aw 1* - " .-1 _..-.-.,-,=2m,,. we '4 -.~ 92 92 l
I -
Disturbance By
Group Called
"Five Percenters,
May . ,191:
apartm~ t e member
"Fiver Per
-~ ...~- ..,uu
Clggghcei il b
in the
six arrested
his arrest
on
Bi E NT member
unemployed and mentioned aree
5E; Although
past where
he is
known to
his "X
heme." He
have been
above-
he denied
is
of the ereeigiv
Because of
them follow
youth
youths,
Smith's influence
themselves "Muslims" and many of them take Arabic sounding names. In feet,
the tenets of the orthodox Islamic
of the NOI. These youths do, however, claim to be the "five percent" of the folio emsof Elijah Muhammad who believe in
religion nor
actually belong
to or
follow the
teachings
has dete
ea:ivieeci that
~ not the Five
Percentere" do
their investiga L7
tion
not have
any
central meeting
iniividuel youth hoods has its own organizational setu
place or
headquarters. Although
each of
the
>1 I
from their respeofivw neighbor~ do not have an ;T1Ll to look up to oi" 92%5 zheir
.__,/*
centers" could be BL8 and the problem to Youth Division of the NYCPD will continue to olosely follow this group. He advised that the exact number of youths involved in not known and probably fluctuates on a day to ay basis because of its loosely knit relationship and the differencesthat arise
because '.'-; l w ;,
individual
gangs. The
to 100 in age
known to easily make
total number
individually own
is not
or have types of
believed to
any cache
he more than 80
who range are not
or of firearms
NYCPD has identified #8 of these to 19. The group, including Smith, the youth gangs undoubtedly
homemade weapons
weapons. However,
have or
can
the various
common to
37
"
"
Greup Called
"Flve Percenters,
C!
~
n June
date one of the elx
3 196
that to
only as
these
Sn1i"F1; I
lllW;4@@wwl
famillar wlth
{ties in
ted MEI!
aerated
Che lcteriza
one of
the MMI
and
1n the past gw
1n* rma15QF
M.
..
. .11
1 or .-.re0am=,=,,;v..~<-i.=-=;:'-w=es.~,->~=:wk:<-efrs M.-,~=~1:v-*~e~'="1 . ,
1 I
l
I <I t?etoeeeooo 3:
3
TMf;a re @e~E ~ 4, ; 1 .~Z~_<..r.;,. ,4; ,%..,-5; ' 92.;'e 3 v _
5' ere? t*?e$
*ii;
*~ot
'? we eeeeer
92 .
NATION OF
referred
ISLAM, formerly
to as the Muslim
Cult of
Islam, also
known
as
has described N01!and "Muhammad s his organizationnationwideofas tnei on a basis "Nation of Islam," Temples Islam. LE!
on May 8, 1964, e second source advised ELIJAH
In January,
195?, a
source advised
ELIJAH MUHAMAD
MUHAMMAD is the national leader of the NOI; of Islam No. 2, 5335 South Greenwood Avenue, is the national headquarters of the NOI; and
Temples of Islam.ti92
The NOI originally organized to lead ness of
nation claims to have in the
"Mosque" or Temp_
on a
nationwide basis,
commenced using
referring
in mid-1960,
to MHAMMAD'S
ElthP
of "Muhammad's
is an all-Negro organization which was in 1930 in Detroit, Michigan. MUHAMMAD Negro race out by establishing that the
by Allah,
been selected
the Suprem
Being,
wilderblack
teachings and
is no suoh;thing as a Negro; elavee of ene white rece, referred the United States; and that the
exploitation of the so-called
pest, officials
his interpretation
United States.
Members following
of the
"Koran"
MUHAMMAD'S
believe there
destroyedthe in
provisions of In the
approaching "WarArmageddon. y; of
and members of the
under the have d
Negroes, must
and will
be
NOI,
clared
have refused
Service
to register
Acts and
the Selective
owe no allegiance
to the
United
Statesi ud
personal concerning the
On May
advice of
5, 1958,
instructions
the
to his
first source
ministers
advised MUHAMAD
legal counsel,
tempered his
principles of
prosecution by
his organization
the United
in order to avoid
changes in the
possible_
however, he did
L
his
States Government;
not indicate
any fundamental
teachings of
organization{i3
m
n ~"
QL APPENDIX
NATION OF
referred to
ISLAM, formerly
as the Muslim
Cult of
Islam, also
known as
5 had,
benefits
aspects of
On May 7, 19514,
a third
Smurce advised
MUHAMI*'lAD
This policy
acquire additional
V' i ~ I V v
' ._ . . ..-N ' _ .7 i-92 =' -~, .. . l,~=-~92 =~ _ M.M.w.<,;=-m--.1ea.-lemme.-.-,-.5-.1--.H.-.-~_s-2-Mmac<~--. A- , ;:;q",q_-_-,w_;~ -or ,,m%hwq@m mmw. ...,-->=>~_c~_~ w-V9 --'9@lf92+ M.
' v92 VI
oic@%ew~o
g res?
<3lho ' vo
5-;;s 1. Aeeewoig
. 7;. T "V 0.; A
1%.
ifg; ; i I ;,_;_; 1,
EU? *_ sum
a daily
former national
an article
The March 13, 195a, edition of "The New York Times," newspaper published in New York, New York, contained
of Islam
MALCOIM XLITTLE!,
{N01} who
broke with the NOI on March 8, 196M, publicly announced in New York City on March 12, 196A, that he had formed the Muslim Mosque, Incorporated MMI!. The MMI, according to the article would be a broadly based politically oriented black nationalist movement for Negroes only, financed by voluntary contributions. In this public statement MALCOLM X urged Negroes to abandoh
the doctrine of non-violence when it is necessary to defend
themselves in
that Negroes property in
the civil
rights struggle,
and he
also suggested
lives and govern-
Incorporation papers
the Business
York, New
Section, Clerk
for the
of the
MMI filed
that the
of Courts,
on March 16,
New York of the
the Islamic
York, reflect
MMI was
incorporated un er
State of
>
the Religious
to work
Corporation Law
imparting of
New York
Faith and Islamic Religion in accordance with "accepted Islamic principals." The principal place of worship to
be
The May 23, 196M, edition of the "New York Amsterdam News," a weekly Negro newspaper published in New York City, contained an article by oolumnist JAMES
BOGKER in which he ihdioateo that he had heard that the
oFoundation {of
New York!,
l Riverside
Drive, New
York
City.
,_..,.n~ww~<=,;~-u-s ~_ ~
4 -1* -
'-.<,~,--
@@ %* & @ k;
&PlHw* zr
-F .
5- ,..
?*r9 $1t#,
~%v#"ii $ #7$
X
----;-~
. __ _
xgJ*1, v
EEJK
@ w$Y@
>
92
gL APPEND;
EEEl@*M25QUEl IEFQEEOEETED
A second confidential source
d advise onU**o er L ~ 20
3
@w* .~=
where they
128, Hotel
196&, that
the headquartevs
of the
Suite
quarters are
on February
91, 19551
the Aud
ban Ballroom,
.*92."N+. 3*}
v..
..
F aw:_,,,___,a,,,,.,, ;_ ,_ _;,,,_,,..,<_,,,,-i.<~1@*2s=*e;+1=-:<.r4:~ ,w~, ~*~..-.92, 92? --p~e~"F ';-' 1 , ..,.,,,mgm~s_;--__.~,.<,.,92,E _49..-92 ~f~:~.>-1*"":= 92*1< ~!?'w-r-vs~_.~._.,.-c.-s,,':& .w/-W- M ', :E
J ""92.
. _,-s
92 .
gig 2 $' f
$$ Jslics
it Fssscstsss"
5L APPENDIX
aam
._ J I
annsuncsmsnt was
rights action group to be known as the Organization of AfroAmerican Unity cast!, with himself as Chairman. This
On June 28, l6 , MALCOLM X LITTLE, fcundsr and leader cf the Muslim Masque, Iaccrpcratsd {MEI}, publicly announced the formation of a new, all Negro, militant civil
made at a public rally hel by the MMI
York City{3g
in the
Audubon Ballroom,
New
A printed and published statement of basic OAAU aims read by MALCGLM X at this meeting indicatss that it shall include "all" people of African descent in the western Hemisphere, as well as "our" brothers and sisters
Nay, l963.Qi!
cf the Organization of African Unity established heads of States! at Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in of the remarks of MALCOLM XthiS at
It is patterned
after the
"letter
A recording
xi:
meeting indicates that the aim cf the GAAU is to sllminats differences between Negroes so they can work together for "human rights," while the initial objective is to "internationalise" the American civil rights movement by
taking it to the to protect United Nations. LITTLE condemned the non-
violent civil
be taught
that Negroes
and if necessary.
should ucaticn,
themselves, when
of e
that the headquarters of the OaAU are located quarters, $uite 128, Hotel Theresa, 2090s?th
a confidential
source advised
cn February
21, 1965,
while
13, 1965,
a seccnd confidential
advised that on March 26, 1965, the OAAU filed s Certificate of Incorporation with the Department of State, State of New
of Afro-American Unity,
I- _>-: -qi,,,__._~.q'|7$ 1 -7:- &~<>-,'p 92 s92,'~: _ti__._,..-ws-,_-.:..L-v...-_._ ,,.-_....'..,-1=~..,..,_..sm.-er,-__ .=~_ ... .l-..-.---._i...i,..iq.-~ .~ 92_ ,, :1 ~
m,,,ss *"~
*" v."s
' " * S
Transmit the
*-.,1,_, ,1
61"
K.
fsllowinq in
Type in pisinzexz ~ s -
or code! is .s1
.,_i
_ .s_
.'%/
4; I 92 .=~., -1 | I
m7
ii s_
is
is
92 BY,,.....Ki..'....-.......=--"Q...m....m,.,,.,,,,;
Furw.
92
RACIAL MATTsR..92e:92 . tn ReNYairtel and 6/9/'65Q._>LLEM, " * Enclosed rslstive ts herewith farBureau on the six arrested eight : are of s LEM hearing of , and informsticn on 6/18185 arrest Negii of eight !
5/31/65
@ youths
believed to
be affiliated
with "Five
tlso observed
Percenters Us
the
SA
was no
fro deitectiveywas
youths a e inisrmstisn in court hearing
furnished to '3 V
on E/l8f65
1
92 92~."
but there
tEhs
~ it
tension in NYC, the arrest of any members of these Harlem = youth street gangs particularly those who have adopted a i"Muslim type"alias, will bring newspaper publicity which
; "Five
Pevcenters". It
is felt that
affiliation with
xii?
implies that
P present a
black nationalist
these youths
svemsnt. As
are a part of
pointed out
was /92
local slice
problem. However,
U95
fJ
ft
' 1&1.-
-v
/'
C
92
, '1 -,..
Ns
f'
-.?,,=
5 ._ V1.
NY 15 7-1489
Q I l continuing to fallow this captloned lncident deter-mlne to the 1:11-ue identity of the adultsvirwolvecl and _ the
'@ E
.., ,1
IO Y? -2-
-?-"
-I
.._:" '5 -P _
,W
M-,.'.a-Q-;.,..._...--;.; _.o..~.--@.-.-are-re-1-:-=':Pire=*--~= ..7o_..mr-=1 --em +i1we-al~.~.4~.--.7--.< es ;~1riw~s~-#;=~a.'=1>-2 11' .Z _;;_919* _ Y .~' , > Pg,
,_ .- L
in_. ..,
g =1 -e
In Repba F Iva.
pf _*
"I"-2 . I
, .714
~-. -
/s
_~ Q.
New York,
New York
June 22,
1965
New York
City,
.Racial
Matters5f
Reference is
made io
the memorandum
dated June
,
x
0 lee .p
L ar
Bureau4. of
92 92,/
NYCPD} 31, 1965,
six individuals
who called
appeared SA e B"
5:;,%,}:3.;=1 .;--_,.
themselves "Five
Percenters" and
were arrested
to Part
2B of
the Manhattan
iE~:
.>-,
also known
as "Allah" Part 30
age 35,
not further
Supreme Court,
21,
Felony!. These
transferred to
three were arraigned *
-
r
they did not _m /
before this
on June
18, 1965,
and since
Q oi
It it
recommendations nor
' ' J :
" .' 1
'
.Q -1. Q". 1-
apprgx y
13 to
were no
W1 l
around the
caurtroa Wand
ranging 1n
onstrations incidents?gp or
ton
June 21,
advised tha
Qembustible 17 in Harlem for 16 and material, namely bottles, oth, a funnel and agallon l a piece
u arres ted on
youths ages
June 18,
1965
. arres can of
unlawful possession
Q/*
of hose.l
gasoline, four
The eight
gave
empty
the roof
of 131
. We t 128th
Street, New
York City,
this affiliation
at 7:10 P.m. They all gave Muslim type" aliases and appear to be members of one of the several Harlem youth gangs who _ refer to th emselves as "Five Pereenters", however, they denled
during questioning l
_ V
reason @v: ~ l~ '0 the incidents?Pu ' ?a<4 apparent or ral..l -1~. > was no $3 The eight arrested Negro youths areigix
1. 2
Harlem and eight more were found * L area. g E 92l"' - $71 esh&t the
that durlhg 21+ lnpEl' the heur u- * [qr _ ree Molotav Cogktails were threwn
, .d
hidden eighi
th re
.'1-";3a. .i
.~
.- --+-- '
1.1
,/"W V J
-,.-- _
0 " a~u:
New Y
leader 51
but denie
he
advised thgt
admitted owne p
0 b
the
d to ~
w serving
currently
ction f
far felsnlcus
on a robbenyuonviction in
that the only one of the
affiliated with the "Five All eight were arraigned
EFF1
eight previously
Percenters" was in weekend Court ,and
-3..
.,
.-I .9 7 Y.
-, .1}. IIK
.7 < .'
sm*W .7 _92
w ~
.. ';,....~
A 7
a_ -92
. M . 1;, .
?7 7
. -1:1
.. 1 ;92 1 7 '.
"Q Date: 1'/9/57Y . ii *rranmr yfollowing p'Ia1Y1'e?{i"?>'i* A the in __ PI-=AINTEXT..'!c6E"_L*"" A77 * ['l 15' 1Y1
. ~ -_.--. I,
FB I
r7
..
3!;
92 -I">I
m7
V V V 7
Priority!
7777., w921w..
V A
IV
__
f -Ni
hiL. M SUBJECT: 78ISTU@ANCE at5 * anon? cALLm 1.' 7 l->~;;; PERCENTERSII, -I .-. NJ ._
% '21 .. FF ti-.7 F W5 5/31/65 g
.7 L ,_...7
W3 ,1
X7 M
> 1-
/Y J
7.
anaamumv. 1 0;,
1 was
1
7/
EIIGJ-8
REWE
'-l____ <7,
prov
*
p 5;
ll -1; -:_-A1 _ _ d
:__
_ V Sent
V
M Per
,
,~.92' ;s. yy
f 174* <2
macaw-SI
-,"a7 7pI 7
7'7 Q
'
Kb,-"i " ";_~J92 'E _~92 f 7:'1 f_ ,GLl92%F 215;, / " km DE? nis1ion>_ y *
vm 51 .='
.... -.92V-S-_L- QB L
_ @mI 8 ;*:~;:&;e~ 1
_ ;.<.J /. 1!:-n t J
1 ..
1, an
=&4~.-at
_ ,_,__,,_...>.,_,_,{..,_...,.,,.,,,,,;, _ __ __,_,,,,..,.<.-.:-;-:9;-:=:11u.2;1&# M J_ J
NY 157-1189
Th
:iv"
_
e sources
in the
letterhee memorandum
eze
0, W
letterhee
The ether sources contaeted
_~@ This
1
'3592~92 09$? 0/
protect these
1 mey
sources since
revelatien of
affiliated with
are
3 UH
furnished a list
5/92/55;
who have been identified by "Five Pereentere". These names have been identifiable to
are possibly
airtel and letter-
ny
3 C/*
"F
1,70
picked up
end
Inc
on 12/2?f6#
claimed te-be members ei
.
"vieien
"Federation of
Internaticnal Militia",
Action Cadets",
which they
claimed were
junior brenehes.
-2 -
:}J9292E
A.
I l
com : 1-met,
Disturbance By
Group Called
"Five Pereenters,
New York
4
Harlem,
City
will taper
date in
the hope
off. Then
that the
the Court
presence
can dispose
of these
by these youthsQeQ
the report thereon
of the
youthful supporters
oases with
lee
lieu of bondQ1}
May 31
yet available.
Smith continues
Photographs
of the
six individuals
arrestedQ *
on
ell
1955,
Nation
I/1; L ,/ ;
of the
of Islam
Organize
the followingVresults{g
Characterizations
QAAU are therein hav
of Afro-American
!, Muslim
Mosque, Incorporated
Unity, Incorporated
NOI, MMI
and
OAAU!, with
of the
and
L V The following
V es
re
liable
I graph
gfamilier with N01: July, l63-F, and EH1 OAAU_anQ;{ity 'Z3 !ISI'7'i T and sincedate, identified the that photo*
of Clarence 13i*$mith on June 1%, 1965, as a meggggwgf
oth familiar
' 3 photog
;f Elr-#
Q 5,
rh ap
on June
both identi
19@ {,,E92
N61 meeting
March, 1965,
in New
lad identified
on March
L,
it
mi
-3
coewi NTIAL
=
1 "Five
J
Percenters, Harlem,
City ,
Group Called -
'j t 92i 92'3$am11iar 2H, 1965, as an with N01, and rm: oaaugctivity, ident fie e photograph of Smith on June
"Q farmer
1
92 I,/V i
individual believed
gr
leader sf the I
to be
a follower
of the
late Malcolm
R,
of
The
1Y_<_1
_u,..
~= W
cornv ENTIAL
.4
' . .._...~-,--..i_.
-~ -
'<;~?; ".-L E /*' ,7} iii --. 1 *5- ur f'92-:'-'5'- :5-._':'-. e '
UI
I4, 1
4 3
..,_Q
E I
:Q, ,-. *
Q @
1. irrenggg
Mosque, Incorporated MMI!. The MNT, eeeerdins iv ih afhi l would be a broadly based politically oriented black na iv ali t
themselves in the civil that N@%P0@8form rifle
In this public statemeot the doctrine of non-violence time
an article on page
newspaper published
only, financed
by voluntary
contributi se
to abandon to defend
property in
of emergencies
to protect
tnemr92
of Courts,
Section, Clerk
New York
15,
Faith and Islamic Religion in accordance with "accepted L Islamic prinoipals." The principal place of worship to be
The May 23, 1963, edition of the "New York Amoterdam News," a weekly Negro newspaper published in New York City, contained an article by columnist JAMES
BOOKER in which he changed him indicated that to become he had heard that his anti white the
visit by
tour has
leaders during
soft in
his African
6, 196%,
a confidential
source adviseo
true orthooox the Islamic
Foundation The of New of MMI areDrive, New YorkReligion%o;9 only teachingsYork}, l Riversideon Islamic Cite. the the
-1.
.5-*'.> E5 ' - ..
-mmwm ..._ ._|I'v92h~wio-/>v~92? '51'!LunIb_- -..-.>v'-we-.,..-m *~n-Q-._ ...- .,-.~=.-v-'-1.-u:,w92- I-.|>n<-. _. V .._.
wee
1__~ - _ 1 . L-I92J' ,- .ii. F ? 5; ~ - K.:' . '.' . - = '-'*'~?i- 5? Y 3T is:5925.?-'1 F r - -g, 2'1 - 5.Z' 5Z _ *5 , ,. :4-.-
_ __, ;_ .
I F-,,
,1
f%s
-.
the headquarters
V L Seventh Avenue,
of the
suite
York
on March 15, 196$. These head~ Ur.anizati0n of Afro-American :1 V g *H;;:e_ February 21, 1965,
MALCOLM X.wasassassinated on
an OAAU rally at
the Aud
hon Ballroom,
> -#3
ewewgi
.I
' -e' -"~* W as-w~.,1.ww:m.,.._.... _.--,--->w-.,-, Al .-.-221.0'92 :<N a4P_g"-i~*.!a9 -i - ' " __,i-=vau@~e~___u-n=-=Ihv@nI>=aa;:=-Marlow-~-=6-e =~ 1=-='-=--"--1-1-- e-r--~ ~-~-~-M ~'"-~"@-
ig O |-~
shesi=.a%"=e;mes i fie
~esss sseoosaoes ; ?::e*a oi? as
.APPENDIX
.k$i$%
,sea"?
1
NATION
referred to
OF ISLAM,
as the
formerly
Muslim
Cult of
Islam, also
known as
J.-it
<3 ?
a source advised ELIJAH MUHAMMAD
_ has
In
"Nation
January, 1957,
MUHAMMAD is
of Islam
is the
national headquarters
other N01
2Q 5335
of the
Illinois,
MUHAMMAD and
| MUHAMMAD S
M "Mosque"
Temples of Is1am.Qgq
to lead the so~called
organization on a nationwide basis, commenced using either or HTemple when mentioning one of "Muhammad's
The NOI is an all-Negro organization which was originally organized in 1930 in Detroit, Michigan. MUHAMMAD claims to have been selected by Allah, the Suaereme B81-ns,
Negro race
out of
slavery in
teachings and
is no
his interpretation
as a Negro;
of the
slaves of
such thing
the white
race, referred
that the
to as
so~called Negroes
are its
the United
" fl destroyed :4
- In provisions of that members
a3 exploitation
States; and that the white race, because of of the so~cal1ed Negroes, must and will be
including MUHAMMAD,
have refused
to register
states Lax
MUHAMMAD
concerning the
on May 5, 1958,
had, upon
statements and
the first
source advised
tempered his
advice of
legal counsel,
per vn l
instructions to
his ministers
= principles .i prosecution
_ /1-|,-as 4. 92 , -,1 ,4
not indicate
of his organization in order to avoid possible by the United states Government; however, he did any fundamental changes in the teachings of his
organization@Q
A
%E?A@;E??W1
-A 1-1
e ?er@ f2. 4
APPENDIX
had, early
in July,
a third
source advised
MUHAMMAD
acquire additional
be derived by those Negroes whe joined the N01. change, aecording ts MUHAMMAD; would help him
followers and create more interest in
.e -
92
9"
.,.v,
.-
an V=
_4 ,_< vi b,.|. .
ee em,
'_
'
, f
WM
iiAPPENDIX _
announced the fermation of a new, all Negro, militant Civil rights action group to be known es the Organization of Afre~ American Unity {OAAU!, with himself as Chairman. Thie announcement was made at e public rally held by the MMI
Mosque, Incorporated
X LITTLE,
MMI!, publicly
founder and
York CityQg%
aims read
in the
Audubon Ballroom,
A printed
New
basic OAAU
it
by MALCOLM X at
this meeting
indicates that
shall include
in the
western Hemisphere,
On the
It is
patterned after
African Unity
the "letter
established
sisters
and spirit
May, iealg
meeting indicates
{by African
Organization of
States! at
of the
Addie Abate,
Ethiopia, in
A recording
remarks of
aim of
MALCOLM X at this
is to eliminate
that the
the OAAU
differences between Negroes se they can work tcgether for "human rights," while the initial objective is to "internetionelize" the American civil rights movement by
taking it
11 1
United Nations.
LITTLE condemned
the
none
violent civil
be taught The OAAU
rights mevement
and claims
that Negroes
neeessary~ sf education,
should
a confidential
are located
source advised
in MMI head
the OAAU
York 01t5
while addresein
._r-=-_" Q-1'"- .1 1- < >-10-n_
quarters, $uite
Theresa, 2090
Ttn Avenue,
New
on February
21, 1955,
Ballroom,
an OAAU
rally at
the Aueuben
Sn April 13, 1965, e second confidential source on March 26, 1965, the OAAU filed a Certificate
with the Department of State, State of New
York, Albany, New York, and henceforth the orgenizetion s true name will be Grganization of Afro~American Unity,
Incorp0Peted ?q
_ e '
i w,
V "' ' ;
is
..=>-.-=-;-17* , ; 1
_ _.m=r|uum_ FORM no, m 50:0-10: MN? W62 an EDI ESERG- N0- Z? GEN. P
M emomridum
To ;DIRECTOR, FBI .52;-6.-.314!
1 I .
0 _1 S
!
.92
DAFEI 9/20/55
y #1/1/Y
? ;/ i_
SAC, NEW YORK 5?-1a89! Jnrswunaamca BY saoup CALLED ];T1 a
>
-an
Re NYairtel to
Bureau, 8/26/65QJ
J 3111
"I
I 1 --_
->1-H!-., Q
2 Bureau
v
Enc. 8V
#H4
e L
1-
New York
C!6! i
RM
j,
y
aec_@a1 _ %
;.,z* if
vJAV=mgb _,_,
! 5s',_:-'5
F ' /' A _ Li ti
"Ir
1"
4 Q 92
_,..'
__.-_.92
"=uj; -"
ai P "i
92,;
> 4 1 *= {4
Disturbance
by Group
Called
RacialMettersigi}
5/,7
I *1.
,
~ or
referred
Negre east,
group follows&gJ92 as
The "Five
to as
youth Seventh
described this
New or
_:|.iy
who are,
Section of
an occasion,
the
the
gangs
Blackmen" or
"Brotherhoed of
They come from
Allah,"
in the on
is a
the
1oose1y~knit
by Fifth
west, 120th
group
New Yerk
of
on the
on the"
i
City.
Harlem
an area
Avenue
bcunded
Avenue
Street
south, and 130th Street on the north. These particular gangs emanate from New York City Public School No. 120, which is a junior high school serving the above area '
and located
near 120th
Street at
They also hang out around New York City Public School No. 68 located at 127 West l2?th StreetLy92
street~type have been eee _<:, .j~j;< 4."lg
92:j~:
These youths are typical of the numerous gangs that exist in Harlem, except that influenced by an individual who refers to
"Allah" and has indoctrinated them in the
they
himself
as
4 we-_92..fT> .. ;
distarted
lg_ ea er, J8 ang:$$5> {, 1 Y; mW w92}J c1 L Eli n Muh . v |, i"-'-_" ?-."*-_%-1J .{,_ _n t~5
Muslim teachings of
Nation of Islam
H61 is em
N01!
A cheracerizatien_o~the
-@_l l-llm
pasifw! '
sees
have in the
__._;.W Y,
the
his "Allah" is the recognized leader of "Ei2e_P rerr " He has been identified as Clarence L3 L iith, of 2l_gHll3@dStreetig egn
....-121*, . ~ 92- ~ ~.' 4 " , ,-.> . ~ ,___ _ _,, _ _ ,921gne92am;||-mrnmqa-a-1-1--fr-~.,-.,,,-,_~'-*.%I:n'c...y_<_s.?!t@:*i; a--1-~ .>.,92If1 * {"<->'4'*, 92"K{,~"...,, . . -92:-.n..I.. l, K" J' "' ~*92-' ___ _ , ---.'-~_---=--J-=--""*92*'-/ e--- --="*" * - " *
.~
Disturbance by
"Five Peroenters,"
l.
Group
C&ll8d
Harlem,
29, 1965
APPENDIX
New York
Racial Matters
I I I
City, July
NATION or ISLAM,
referred to as
formerly
the Muslim
.-'2'. : . -J F e ~,.
Cult
of Islam,
also known
as
. source advised
on a
195?, a
ELIJAH MUHAMMAU
as the
"Nationof Islam,"
his organization
nationwide basis
On May 8, 196e,
MUHAFmeD is the national leader of the N01; Muhammad's Temple of I$em No. 2, 5335 South Greenwood Avenue, Chicago, Illinois
is the
national headquarters on a
of the
N01; and
referring
in mid~l96Q,
to MUHAMMAD'S
officials, when
organzation
Taple
'%keque" or "Temple"
nationwide basis,
of Islamlfg
when mentioning
commenced using
one of "MuhammadYe
either
The N91 is en ell-Negro organization which wee o ginally Organized in 1930 in Detroit, Michigan. MUHAMMAD ceime to have been selected by Allah, the Supreme Being, U lead the so-called Negro race out of slavery in the wilderrees of North America by establishing an independent black a ion in the United States. Members following MUHAMMAD'S zeachinge and hie interpretation of the "Koran" believe there is no"euch thing as a Negro; that the so-called Negroes are s1&V8$ Of thE~white race, referred to as white devils," in
the United States; and that the white
wanna. Mann
e;Ql0it t1@n
erstroyed in
of the
the
so~ca11ed Negroes,
1Q4!92 n
In the
NOI,
provisions !f
ghat member:
Service Acts
to the
to register
and
no allegiance of legal
United
in May 5, 1955,
had, upon
source advieee
MUH&MMAD the
advice
counsel, tempered
ministers concerning
his personal
principles cf his organization in order to avoid possible prosecutiaiby the United States Government; however, he did not indimie any fundamental changes in the teachings of his
organiza3cn 9292
{ I -..-'.-
1! 1'
,_,Y! 1 1 a '3 *3 J -1
"
v .9 -_p/--._
n ' z .~-.=_,-:5
Disturbance by
Group Called
I X
"Five Percenters,
Harlem,
29, 1965
NATION SF
referred to
ISLAM, formerly
as the Muslim
Cult of
Islam, also
known as
had, early
aspects of
stress the
interest in
be derived by those Negrees who joined the Qhange, according to MUHAMAB, would help
foliowers and
NOI. him
his prQgramsQ9_92
aw-1
u a
-4-
.. *_ I
_,I ?
'_
~;..!
,_Vi. J
ME, Q
[199-i
Q!
-~-1%! .' ~ ]
mi mm mm u ,,.m~.=@r.:-n&# m
Aemunu In I. 11, L 3:
"H -am
"
- A!
, !v
{M181}
""
arms",
mum
ii ii ,
4%
V.- T 92 H .1
>
men1211:: as _ ~ 1|."
ambient
mun: lung,
-
sham,
A
I mm=-$1. away, _
-. *"*:~'~@? V av ,.
up, xxicn 21
.,
92 J H 92
mg VA
,3
5,
1% -*,,&#
, -B1;coR
4' A
ii
/4.:-L
"1 - ;,w_1,: P -
NY IIJO-150520
1 x
?
of ivate
@m% .,;?f1,*iAV
92
92 1
From Iebmaxw, 1950, thzwugh August, 19551,. subject: resided at warioua aeidreaaes in the Bar-lam araa or NYC , hag bean Q!!1gl9,Yby varieua bua!.n.as:2s in the HEQ area.
I I
tar aub
le, h -waver
is 1 an it
racor 5
as anon
1C,
furnish this
information
from l aubjec
R! !D,? etaila
$9.500 wm1.<.~:- ;
' if 0
NYC, an
Bub eat continued ta be eonfine ta Bellavu Hbap :11, mam he is umargeing pH'Qh.1-13.31;-21;! 1:@1'e41;r_:1en _,;,-5, ;
LMH:
1
ST. 1361118
j PersonnelR'&=f0 i"Fi'E'i~"'V V,_ ' subject : mi1f.tar'y_,;= perlonnel file un er u.a.Army aw 51ao?nag:! *' 92
-2...
A2 at.
Lnvi HIBSQURI.
1. Will,
at uilitary
>
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J K _
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L,
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W
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02' mmm
pound
at mlatiws
E. true name 10 3.
am:-a .;c
U111 "mm
U
data
am ma 9.11 available
of birth,
and mm:
r I
r'
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A L mi
I ad in 1:-1'1 status _ 3.32 e W9-30.60, 8. 5:-Q Qua:-vs inactive .411... 3 U. whmn hi uaa'r%92b1;v tin
-wd%~ $
HI lad ton
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92 F
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at birth
Hnight
3 - I 2- .13.2'U _,.._;-._-92; 5- rs?-'-'$'Q-'1 -;.:$3_. ..~. -.-.-<1_--~.-2; Q
Batu am plane
2-Q-26, Danville,Va...
*I
W1 M
A
5'11" V
*
Civiilim
llilitlnr
Aaidroaaea
A 1
infaatrymn 1
elerk
3
*
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Relatives
B-5%
Stu
Kev York,
ii. Y.
92;92<_/
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$1nut$.vs Sax-via: # 50 1
Phn*b@#'8ph
rm #
119
unwise muor
llinlii n
Record:
aontamed
38110 ? Of l
at Harlan
tar
i ll
19kg,
dato
mm
indicated
" an 9-25-53,withdispoazltion
Du:0350 mamroiu
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6%
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..,_
__.
92 .
w d DATE:
Y 1
10/18/65
_ ____ _ Q follawing inL fTyp 1 "@11itx*d% Q * c0HF W
:_,_ .;,,
wrmsniit the
-1
V
-
Via.
T0:
%%%%%%%%%% % W
___ W .Na
H f, .,, , fw ,,_#_
Friar Q
_J_H,A_ W __ . _ q , Vi L i , -
~ 92 Q x
nxnscwon, FBI
,1/
., -_. J W_.~.,
Li
1 o 5
..! __ J
E /r 92 ,2
iv
'~ '
articles,
page 1,
Enclosed herewith
to wit:
Bureau are
two newspaper
~ Prcgram
Is Curbed, "and,
,page
captioned "wingate
2 0/15/65 edition
Negra Revels
"New Yuri:
Herald Tr-ib1.ma"
1" |~ l
,"
!
1 _' , -'21 1'-:".T - ;'-A, - - f_'92 New York 1 _ r~ If New York II New York ', __{ 91 New York
@:Bureau
h New York In New York: vn New York
1 3!
I 0+3: Ll}
I42! -
157 DIVISION!
105:-
<*?i
,aa.<.~r .?1ry
/"~ *2 ; I
. "_fn , SBn B___ _ ,
/1. /
~ H
E-peci en?
L*
n Charge
V_ L
27
AV *3
M.-;:..~,-
~ 1 ~1 ..
.. A
f
{ -1 J l 5
i 2
I 1
my15';-me
and dated mm %3165, captioned, DISTURBANOE BY emu? CALLED c and LHMdated mm,RACIAL P HYh1rtel s1,HARLEM,5, above caption; FIVE Q29/65, MATTERS. ; 8/26/
10/lh/E5,
deal primarily press conference League at the of
with given -
Directnr
Unlimited
anti-poverty
articles point out that WINGATE has been critiaized for his handling of the program and that he is currently under investigation by the Manhattan District Attorney*e Qffiee
and the Federal authorities following charges of fiscal
program known
mismanagement i9292
I
92' 7 =
ei
In his apeech and press conference, accerding to these articles, WINGATE denied any fiscal wrengdoing and eieimed the spending Qf certain menies an his pert wee necessary to avert racial violence in Harlem during the past summer. His main theme was that if anything happened to HAHYOUACT there weuld definitely be racial V violenee. On this latter paint, WINGATE referred to a
; V
to die"in a
to identify
lire if
by name this
group stating
people Herefused r
he reared
implied that
for
his
92
he talked
He further
only
,
I
speaking of a
known as the
set forth
-92-i -K
Black Mu lim-oriented
"Five Percentera."
extremist
The "Tribune"
than
observations on
three weekskgg}
isatien
which
this
during th
Pa5t
-Q-
_,-;<,4nu92-WAT?-;_- .T 4d92II92I:; _T;;. /4? AJv?:;e ~41;-1s=_~,_.~..==.-,..>.-._, =-..-s..,. -=lM,5_!!92';i5B -t1Q'h._.:: 5_ iI'PIh" c,wY_}G6!92_ : h W. W urn -1:1 -. ..---vac--r,:=-. <;gver;s>*~=H*: 1=.# rm
z~
./, 92 _ "-'~=-1--.
Ry 157 -H89
It is the "Five noted that Percenters" prior investigation revealed that it was himself by the KYO e Negro
es
youth street
<
into
csmmecs
, aka mt 100-150520}, e
associate,
by
.Allah
Under
JAMES HOWELL
L7 C
ei
extensive
incarcerated
peyehisris
awaiting
trial
been delayed
due ta
92f group they thedid since represented police a lcesl Eroblemw he NYO institute investigatieninte J WAP~ $*>
in the attached
ordered by the court. Inasmuch as the gangws emrmosed of teenagers without any real overall organizational setup or e heedeuerters, the KYO eenducted no extensive investigation
AW *;
"""92_"$
In view
articles as
of the publicity
e result
of the
1|
Five Percenters"
P
W
and
of Es
. .srtn 92 N sulll
t n form 92' if ? Q &Aj_ _; vi};
1
"
--s Ti
The results sf this conference ? in an LEM on the specific request ~ i I es 1 ~: can : e e V:' , e nui;-H_N i V I 0 = I
i+ 1*
-*~ nu Q, :y;i|Q:5 t
=
.._ I '.~- ~ ~ %
sA3;v~~~
I 7 5
=f _ A s
s Q
=-cause o
the na*1*~
~ve infermation,
_3
Q?
,,,._-...-._ /e..-_r.<~.zw;f'.~ ~.V. =YAJml 3:f'f _ .~<.-1,..-_-,~ ~-< ".,, ,,,,.,_= . .w Q4""1 4. .
. . i_% . ,, '*uvY~ $
.,,".;
., !. '_924_ >>-J
if
15Y~1U89
F1 1/
to
92
i .'/j'__"' .92
investigation
of
of the "Five
Percenters", which
is
conduct
a full-time,
handled the assaults, there
1 _ 1 1
includes
surveillanees
aily
interrogation
them.
The investigation
Unit."
Division, this
known as extensive
for
succeeded in detering-the activity of epened the way for numereue arrests has ef with determined
that
are approximately
age from
'4
12 to 21.
areund Breeklyh
in NYC, ranging
in
-
in
Harlem, Bronx,
Tth
over
.' 1' W as "2 ,1-.92< . e,_,;~ .9; ,:_.- _., v_;92 ~ 't~${ 3 . .!
Ne r . _t_g,nie$im. ;.-L ~_
area of the Bronx. The gang is reepensible fer numerous _ assaults and muggings, chiefly aime at whites on the fringe
However, if the gang is unable be find a have no reaerv=tions about choosing a
as a
in
"
ou le iv scheola,
chiefly
h v92and ass aeme have ulted teachere%% ?kj_ 5ArT _ 1 3 IL A .4155 leaders the*'F1 w of ei 92,/ .1} a*= ** **92"QWEL5: V = q~both whomincarcerated ARS of :-aJO f1,~ ,5 is undergoi; page?at ie qewnns is to Pliddin gang members as Allah ,. JOWARS and H0wm.L' i: "W " we Jaged en %'HI"a
1*
Junior
, so cause Va
a i -ae~ e .
of
, and
having
B 4
~ _.w.,,_....._.,..___.. ...._...,<,.~.._-..--_-.-.-.-4.,-r 'gF!Il!i'~"'!'V" ;;3Il92 lt_:!g,.._ -" "-.,__.,......,_,_._,.,_..,.,., __,._ :- ;~ -1iMh =L--1 _,,,.<..-..., '~ """ 71--'-
- .~-_
weJ
.4
1 R A ---._
4%;
. ,
eea
~. .
NY 157-1489
entered a guilty plea. There are nu other gang although they do instruct each other in
ee
%
"1
$3
The gang has no meeting place other than school yards and public parke ggq
The is
U I!
the
war
zation
of the questions
"X"
of questions
appears to have
originated with JOMARS, who was an NOI member under the name of CLARENCE 13X SMITH, and he un aubtedly obtained
it
when he Joined
the NOIQQQH
V , ..-. _ J t ,1-s;;;3
II
-5
8-53:} pa... " ' V .7 ,.;92;,.vi-92 -1-- ~92-~i;;_n!e=:|1i-:_ 4____ _e3=-.~.-. _ :;__>_ -_~;,,-:,,,...=~ e. ;_-_-.==.-.._..251%.-..._...__....-,-.__,_._...........~_,,.__-_............;-,..,-,.-.u.....=..-...=...M-.-:<.,. _, .,w_-. m~= wi ~ ! 3
L1 Vz
NY 157-1489
: ~""92
I "'*W-G
has developed no eie er 1 ._ .L _ . ., V-_ 1 11:; Y , .. E {I__Ein>_~= k::i___.i.4. ,_ W OAKS -3eV51uE1one,v Ag;gg;Hvemeeer %;; e In lri74 L .. _~ qr uals lwm i; _] rr'=' b*?'~'*e* "Wi@ R~h BH EmE%mM. j!ir
V'
r ~ L developed to V" Thre ve e g etion hasqg hi gz in ti indicate that this ;!{r _? ?i i l;; i fire? if eanf i< PQ*V Yvx
~~~%@ in Harlem. Undoubtedly some of the members have
weapons or homemade~type~ zip guns but there ie no evidence ef wholesale arming of the gang. There ie else nothing to indicate that the gang has training in garretting
or hand
with the exception 0f the above mentioned assaults and muggings of whites there is no definite policy or activity by the gang of violence egai e whitee. Hewever, the overall attitude of gang members is one of anti-white re~ ineofar as the racial situatien is concerne ed Also .JQNEQEEM V
attacks onelice
See referenced
muggings and
leader make a
disorderly conduct
been develnped
arrest
memorandum
an T/29/55.
ever e
attempting to
dated Y/31/65.
obtained from
!e No information has
er
airtel
that money
assaults
by gang
~11"-/
members is
turned
any epeeifie
fund.Qg;92
mast publieity
arrested on Although a number ef gang members have been numerous charges the incidents receiving the
eoekteile. See
arrest cf
and letterhead
6 -
72.
,___jI_
.~
.~.; , mm@q
}-.r K if
92-q'.=*
s 92
i i
NY 15?-1l.8 J
92
and
~
.~._, ., -_,
. ;_ _.{5 ~;L92.__<92,,
"Five Percenter " AY had been bragging about the Five Per'centers" andEARL GREEN, a Negro male who was a recently
discharged veteran, age 24., made a disparaging remark concerning the gang AWHY attacked GREEN and 1n the fight AVEZRY was stabbed fatally GREEN was absolved by a Grand Jury The kg killing 01 male, age .yi. L .. no connectlonTEIRACH, tnewhite "_.; Per-cnters 15, ft IVAN ..J.H wltn aLL. Flve M_L_JLHt alt 1n tne Bron}: nan a. particular y vicicus type of street gang that has
a Negro
in the
V ~
male, age
1,
a bed
to death,
was a.
'x..92_,
3
,@.-
_V A
_ seems
tn .C/
5"? i
is follawin
idem
the NYGPD
In view
.V
fact
_ ,,
that *ch==
11 ._ 1?1"6enter p H L _ _ Ffwe
leaders are
an extensive
i.s
a teenage
Negro type
of street
gang, ita
is crmducting
currently
incarcerated and
'
investiation oi
t gang,
the NYICPD
a. tea =T
nimical
to determine
to the
internal security.
to the
QC!
I/I
that he
is attempting
In regard
ta utilize
remarks of
the "Five
WI1~I{}A'I E, it appears
Percenters arid
to
*;::=1<@":;;1
-7-
.'_ V I ~ V-
.< I
'
.
.u_. ; .__ .
1,1 xk
_.
i 4 ' __ -
"11'--3;; ,-,
EY 15?-1439
;;
L Pl
y i
of the "Black
to meet
Muslims"
he use of
D.C.i;y1
the above
ng officers
little
Investigation
in January,
1965 by Baltimore,
Washington
it
le
ne o
~
the
the
eesoc a e
newepeper
We
to
in
white w
in NYC.
Six killing
of
airtel
eieere-i
en e
-ue. member ef
tee gang,
eeverel
end letterhead
captioned
NY See
teen
"HUI;
1 92
Q4
. .92-_.'.<
dated 6/9/'65,ectiveo an
was opened in
ercenters" and
investigation
activities es
of CLARENGE13X SMETH
leader
View of his
his influence
_
=
the NYCPD
ee investigation
individuals
identified
Percentere",
including
identified
"Gumeal",
have:
92
Q; ~
-< . I
. 7 -
II
av .__ L . - /"Y->
-,
kg: K *2-ad
_ -_'~ *
NY 157-11489
7
particularly since
As previously
most_of them
are teenagers
or sub-teenagers.
the activities
these teenage
gangs represent
pointed nut,
the KYO
a local
feels that
police problem
and do g ft
of
organized d i0ns called "Five activity bewill to theby t ea<:>- 5 ' Percenters" orfurnishedBu1 8&.L@J
9292
92929
.. Lg. ..
,. 92Y W F, .,, .
_ w.,wmwwn - - -*~"
F-v,p=-.1-,-=92:'--vv.-... . -- =-
v
" U-MLITED
J
co:-w*1nE2vrIAL 3,
STATES DEPARTMENT 0 i*"]U5TICE
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
W@ % %F*& r l57wlHB9
khh New
York, NewYbrk
J 1113* 1955 9,
Disturbance By Group Called
1 1
Racial Mattergi
or
Reference is
_ made _-..-
to
J Ir:-nw -- 99
1G5? J 1,
Special Services, New Xggg C y _o ice Departmen BS5, NYCPD!, advised that on Ju7 ,ml955, Clarence 132 Smith alsa known as
charges in City. Their
"Gumeal not
n we 1965; at
further identified!"age
the hearing,
of
Q//
El, appeared
on felany
was committed to Bellevue Hospital, New York City, for psychiatric examination. Howell and "Gumeal" continue to be in custody in
lieu of room and bond. During cturthouse, but Negro
York Smith
teenagers, ranging
in age
there were
from 13
to 19,
no demcnstraticns
milled around
the courter ~
incidents{Q
I
This document
contains neither
recommendations
nut conclusions
'- F 1:1; _!
of the
FBI. It
is the
property
of the
your agency.
FBI and
is loaned
to your
agency; it
and
Q- g? %"?l 7. 92 eu ...~.':/9?/if I
1; ...
Lux
J = / Lt F
@E1I~?0msUR.E:
76
k ~-~.,-M-.~-<~.l.,_ ._w,.,..._.,..,M__..
,~ J
2
i
I
7 _
.;,5
col ENTIAL
/,..
gw:
F Disturbance
By Group Called
Harlem, _ add
V
*
into the
"Five Percenters,
5 -V S
,both
BS3, NYGPD,
youth
advised
QFQ arrested
who claim to be Five Feroenters", determine that larence Smith was the recognized leader of the "Five Percenters" and Howell was his assistant. All of the youths previously had no ership lea position and were just members of various Harlem youth gangs involved. This latter group
various Harlem
or identified
the "Five
'*~>includeel umeal", .
many
"
1"". ' I
members.
been further
, he gave
City U
aqogggghof
1965 "Y
unknown
that ap
ed vised he is
do nd .iv in ~
eherviewe%la92pho _ to xx
ted on
no V young of L tograph
no l
'|>"21_i ogmf V J-.1? 6 19, V17 eVJo. individue e arree 3@, 9U e:~= so, 5* L six
N-@ vi; Cote. andtheir case was adjourned until July 99 1955- 5
that
YO" Q six
appear to be continually
the veriwes eurb h&=iJ iI'1gs, Dlistrict Attorney and the Genre
adjourning these hearings to a later
that continually
how up at
eaee;
; _2_
C0I92IFI%NTIA1:,
77
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fhe
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my
"-1 =11=.m.11=? s publicized yem~ .g r1fFupi Qi he *Brr>derick!s Y?- *1>?!i! l'1i'?* last a,s ini=ai &'-~;;m~..r=ni*? of,~4 0'.YO11tha' :@1"4'v F11 ~,< ;:~~; 92_, tralneci kill 11.8111 his "M ' ~;%F1 'Felice maintained <w= whi1:es.- 1Y.5} .4 . . i1F'I!1" F11?3" ?"-E there" wereonly"_.25'-.111 . the 1 :1 ,5: '" <1, 18;, _ , '=w.<%=@r=. -r w, -'<.;1. -';'|;f.,4?t .3. ,:.1 1 .wun}J-. I '- .- I Q 1
o_ *I .i11"1 fj?J 3,- Qnb 1. yuurcg -has -11nk:ed]. 11:
ID mt cent.
-1-l
toF theHitiez; ~ Yeum..<<>rsa;21z_s.ricn 1BY~=-1$ lQ , 10 .14;iw ma; 1'iY$,_;|:I'S iA$.-E ,s1nmmer <. beg:=u.gq,__; Nazis. Thay alsqj~a._rg; mm. em l@.sb~ rmreti the."B1 m:l to B;0thes's;" commzsgamr t_Police
1 1.
3-3
*0 i21 ChimsI m
ubaizxj -1
A . -e;'a1=
"m=Bm=-u '
hich have_pmywump ; L izt/ed ; Y ".<,@g;,~1@:1g,;;;@?kn0wledgg ad- T bra;i.*mv$i3'i;ev ,;;,*%,,Y*=*$W;hbl?-Iii? a Y~"1 . .l = . 11%?! ' . ,
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e iomwith the Five 1
. ;g~;;;=~*if , 1.- M: h1$_-arrnlzr1:nent,*,he are,1* 1;: Bro an -~ :~92 ' ,J 1' 492~1<;~=. .4J I -tiJ.!' J 3R#R'm_1W1'f- Ex-AQ'B1'iBI_1 #ne=:;wdn mt
the city .'i !;_92 1; .i:hBr?B bf, '1 dimwm >'I ?:'T'~"". .;,;'aiWET~*- j i'6 1?0h1h=h B5.: 15: ; 1' 7f1.li i = ; K > ., ._
4-iipvy _ "* 5.- Y , !~92 =* 92 -- .. ! __- =92,I z--;, _ Quin:-_1W : -P _ ' -, IV ' .
div
Fg5iiag'd6~* 11111'i |.l- i,='*"i;ll& imt'beIiev ti1e2n. ,. '= .1! m- f'i wk .92w % !
;
C I
"line mun am: um; identii b P-iia late '1 1:1 -1111:
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that
_ . 1 "1 * %.z-*1; r 5? ?-
mm; mm-am B I vnuenme >1: n: e?.'Z8l;l@l1.=jK1Is1inn; ?- ;$192meIee:in I vQi7i1 wen: pen Iwith 7 B
5,? ,~ ,~
c1mst* 9i; 1;;-Kir!$ii *,}}g;d:itis"*@:la1ni<$L1?? -*1. is-_ wii.tram mr1a- or* mg imf .r% 1- 1 Eq aw. -==;i; *=rii=- ? rs J ~ On
: "':,92;Y'l~ we :Jim $5H ; -2 .;""-<~a@d=-14 L w_;1&,P .= 1134*? . * ~. -de.',T11/H
nmmvr . #.
92 'I@1mP.;.2! - @e=._1tyeu i~;s. 39. , - '1 policemen at; ' 92. cirrii s. 7 youth A
mut-
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iii,-Ii V. %
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J4
%1%,@;wM*W4 mmwi-Anqum,; .;_-E'; "3 ' __ ._92 _, .uv=;rgnna:4n'?iG@n;?1*31l _A; l?* 5?l5$5%l5 f I Es _; V:, * @:.--'5}: ,_--.' ''--fiummd :
mg
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ing; =|V
192 ~
92
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,....92
/~
ivaiue to that youths, _he s-W1 {because t- w:,' 1:9 c!.:2.::=, afiera-d
daimedr Wlngm you "Kill if fwill. b_ut Agstroy Laxfycau-Act j {and -Ion 3104 t_even a pI gure . ppnse swpping em:a. ~:. pf
lhe bx1t.it.'1~s said, new im1 in
591h ming a fra.ud. !
.
-ingateindicatedd1,i1l11S1 H~
tic aL;'f, H. J
iL has "T2111 Dcx1:ocratic A;<imir rati0n1;ul1edi1ac1%1:yhmh fgggng n etwm-r t:si~eggni14'eP31$-1; Tqmunity11. actiisa
{the H'BI;'YOH~;N{i5B :fB_-I p1r0g!'8.!t}S to 1%!:_:g._**_ I Yet,
formu thg itg_Y@InI1,l$ and M11wmzaw ~ ous. They BEE; F5? '1 n__i-1
r_',{
F"
c.l1s'iRe
"v __1;tg:_;-54; _
Belmont ! i/,4
MI i.<,;._
T015011 ;_/ /
L.
/I , sper '
Collcihrm
_ ouch
Conrad
~r=@ne,s@11@@
A ctzoris. =0u1fmea= -;1n,, r;;tus_;rai;zqnL
4
}_ el* Q1;
Ii
'1hi? *7
I"; l. _ J
V"_ [ZED
RC-S;<~}n/_ ,
V 1 I
and egives.
~ * nywl-lzaobolm a0N1=:~-*-I-Q" l
public in-cf
Sulliv'c1
Tuvel i
r: V -2 5142' 10; ycmthswho ellegalyj They 5_a:id 'gr0up,'which1 garbage can en?-'em,. th h1n-1a:1-
with
*2 we"
pojicailertwarm stoppetl gmgsa|ncT;_vbe-iif1g 1?fifxE'". i -i$ s than irmn moleqbmg Negro a was comlpcise of misgui- ed _
Iteeni-agers who had "turned hteir frustrations" in the black ghetto 1111:! antisczcietyactions."
c.21a0sg11r1tuz'rnolL iY
Th:'!"m 8- P!1re:1"W'1=11 resist- ag of M am-rest cissorderly; and exclaimed ;a_ city mmiuat. Seven other 5-oaths, youth. worker. wlm dealt also igwolvedin le in icieni, with members re gang,"and of were fbooke-r1_a5 juvmple die-V wwfrg being -in ue-nceqmy lmquepts. ~ @ older and knuwn subversive Black 192{ 91l:11}.P iDE'! e men who are onIy_ too happy ta tum; the community.Lute Bun; the police Ha:-lemi and.
the slums. sectal workers in the Ema. M5
wnma1;. " l 1 'r'neyc-uths. in who llk d age 16 M18, were ebivged, with t-int. }un.1a.wfu1_ ~as.se2nb1y.
Trotter
helped ' r1!pv;:Qf K. _g in agafrom 13 6 21-,TI1B gr?0llP is .mm11;,-_ und;iacip1ined'.";young-said to tullaw many of ue}
I/ jL$r0upyouths of ranging
prgetiizes ' $,'t: _m*"1;ve of the Blacklvluslims, atho'|.qgh1t1 L ' *set_ 11155 gig nnyom 1-e 1
t;hat sect.' ' I Est na the 1: iugjmve m~antetsvih.a1aI A mm e een 1
z_
gto f -. 92&% ;; *5
/
thepalice-;tE F m 1983 to
. Br:
acnhedz 1.9:;
m 1tggn1,;snt1ws;te L tify
.
/11
"5
1'~Tegro_'popu latio:i :*-;.1'*11irbunz*r'.z1i>'urF ;=att._1eis- . V f* A |1.mt1'y?s gncirant '1ju;Bt' , or and .' that 10 mgr jbg nz:e,"gaii1$i! ii1ii?1?;cergtf ?; Un<.=1; Tcn_;u,".ar sub5e1~vie_ut..$0.wh1b_eS-. The, mmaining;- ~r.p $--633$,-L.. @"
8 Ph11B'Phia$
which are w they ,..-n E; E 11 "evnue.1I.3r, s+=1:-,q1_w==_1.l ligd ;1=he{;oi;:@;=;,92 1,,1- , cut=ui1% ~?I';>;5??. 4+ i++ .v ~-< IQ| ""1 an. *3*,."1 , W '1 '15 ~"Mains ~ ' 351'?, i -?$ ~ 5'! '1 1 Vt 92 -'1 :-.+
yot hs-'-n'|.aI' e11fh . nu avHa m
.Y _r r
j
.92 ,| * - N
" V" "l'*' 3'5 J; 92i:l> r." avVW :Y1 __V___f _- vi W I_ ". i..-~|,';.;;;-. q~:!'~7' _ - ...}-:3? :<__ 91% . ._ ...wa$t.%, -,___ ., . -92~:.~-<;'._ = :14 9; 1 *,-.1 .V 1:,-J . * v,_'L >r 31$}, ;=-.QV_92!n<}"" W
i*AIE3;1$'
glr
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-..>. ..92_
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mer;i'_vv;gri: the reincreased gsentment , th;.92e vq- " -if-f' '1-.a1i -gr;
1"-I92 q
Iwurked. I'he'y'0i1th~we1~e ma
10have fneen. anngyec] um nlgq they had been usedsokeiy to
Lohelp m_enxse1ves2,jand,,that]
I "These don't kids goaround armed. and anyrme who,_ says [that dcesn t- what knqw" The s
worker said. T719 cops --have
kids legtj up
i ~1%. gm
F :
"
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._
"_'*:'.~,;~'?."1i{*'*.=-," ,1
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%*
pens Haryou-Actjwere 1*I*=~ffm@ ~fH1e==*'< -ii velagdl -*f,'111 ?~'*= y$ *.1'.'3=*:f ._by .3*i.F?i s w -#1 1 Pwmivw n*r$e1@='@11i@renw{i 1:. y ,, V
T35-4, ..92..L4._-
'3 vi qeH,p91qta- ynu 1s92 bbafnp-=1s;=!:l_ Whfw w "PT=P~'1r-3 ; t<>>.*=1ie:?' iii EDITION Tie em:ilasbencriiicizedl Ehe. ~ W -Jar T'0!59*m$-magementHaryvu-A*+ ?@J?;A* i 2-E
92 -1j1'=*?%Ri@+;#1,.i921i11r.'s1*@nw of; ,H;'-1nd1cat;<;a;;r;gi1;,} nmgEgergV
B? 1; Yjiqmq:;;q7op+ Har$'=:u-Act." Quim PAS? -: >?'*'H:mmm i_;$qug1sa
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-he _ _. L *.
I'*@PWi'~.1*!=;=* 4W. .i-@H is-111' *;w<=.?*# t *1 mi- =@?!'>1Y'i I-M -pub cmmds ir'y'l~Iary0u14.et;fI-1&1 A ' ~ --ft?
DIVI am.;_a1;,1. -mai ;-m5= FD -5"-RDT;fD FY = --W? Wimva Iw1 A#n. h=v#@
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= 'rHE'Pm:smEN*1*_ _ Contlnuied Bethesda. at Na-
'-~_<a@;14,A1%5; 92
BEr~mm_
1' " .
val Hospital.
Z.
met
5W5? -passed
Jgili. -
crack
l olscln
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Belnxgp
Mr
Cilspel.__~_._lA
Callahan *-_-._i__ Conrad _,_.___._i Gale
._ _
1/ SuIliv<;1r1 _._,_i * . . /
Tqvel W Trotter mi Tale Room mi Holmes .l_.___._ +
r $2 it _. Hosen .
'I3c1r1d.92;' wi i
X
5=~;:._CHQOL . . . AND HARL-EMS 51
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' B fd Of E u i bn 1138 Jl1l1.19;3"Hi h 5.?h0O1
- 92
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Il921h1u_Te:<:bers A j
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.1 devl!..You -_;'h4._. ; V .4 ;?Z=. i;I=,a,l1*ign;'ir1,~ blue-eyed -I .1 5= ll1bmjrp.'{-1' _.l_' taarror You v1.4.-in
._ 1
l
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A-.3 .-_-"3 Si
l 1-l'F4.i.ir.'W5 15155135
.#@;fIs=--?. -haw -'1; L -.endthe'ir1vii41t10I1'5. ., 3 ,|s *$l * -1- UH - 4z=': =" "'13 | 917 5h3 i.! ;11v9,?*11,' " *i' 1- A.'? .- lie, --1*1 ml? .%?92 gl'ii1,iBj1==1" 111$ ""1 ' 31.5 V ..1:
. , " *" ' -V ' 5 l '1 " *5 ' r 4&4 ""5 - +3 V " A 3 5 '_ ""' 1,!-1
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4-
~araei--lbs waemae V H" *~_ r L Q __ _ -._ ii ' ' Q3 boys who stoodat refusedim,re1ese,_it_. report _scurc we school .Board 01' Education - A say; u Q.mm; momenm and ' Teacher-s' -'2: A
classes if their. tegwhzrs at: in it 1' _, he.=- J,-efe'renT:eY Jiziay -'11:. pork. Teachers were fold by "
the Board oi" Educsiipn
that me; youths called nnn_-" members "PD1 - II 8"V-i lilil demanded. ta know during
indicmii =1z11e'
nir*i "
ing teachers
and assistants
halls
who were
patruiing the
enters outside the E hboi. They added to the genral disnrder in classes by refusing ta answer to their names and demanding to be addressed by Mzislim names. i Both teachers and students were terrified by the threats
Qgci heating
nan-Five Per-L
The Five Percenters are followers of a man name Clarerimev Puddin'! Smith, wha calls himself "Ai1a.h = They are said to b lieve heis
able int'itutlnn"-" eman";:ai: me. -10$] L ;;n@g.;;1gu:% thm ih%:,b9n- .,;.:=1 E -92 The report said that sitar rests -bk $138 V-: the Youth was Eziiletifqtherk
il filli if;
their homes tn.
mm pl_1i idsi!p_I:1ir; Ii=1a11@5=i.ii; Z& whih :h='P'1w Percenbr di,a b01;Y Mal." said it iwas*a'ia'a;ec_ii:ues'. at ri e Musiim m Ii > mesa? is destructinn .0:
been toan-mi-xnasiahed
God. He has
since he
been in jail
disturbance in early
but-the members
was arrested
he stili is God and that, as defend themselves me wai P%1"K..7*,Wi?1??*5T=3!? an Z1-r his fnllnwers, they cs.nnot.Abia to school. They checked irilr 1' klliemi 4 , " ; Weapons with the principal- them =@-,"~-1 92 -#.=-1, The report said that when when they arrived.i 3 -. ,S a 15-yeanold student 4 an-:1 The report added ,th|_~, '.tha.t. i
insist that
mr
"
>, 1.5-
known in ham
been arrested
friends shunted: A"Getr mi: swam? * . ~, -~i Ynu're nuhdead. cant: We "rm :'e-pnrtr saiai we mm; die-1: . V i incidents92'canm nd .tn anf The boy was dead, haw; after iiiifitst. -iw:_>r Week-5 of
st. Nicholas
Homes, his
there is vidence
'
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1
I
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ml the "Five Pomuatugra" and
Ginirui
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515:9
the mama. I'M: instructs In York
this
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not
' '
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Date:
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{Type in plaintext or colic?! Vin :
. -i "74?
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Brotherhood. of Allah
_______ __ __
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SUBJECT:
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Of
knowm
Bemfairtel and 10/18,/65, Buair 10/22/65 _U~.! el, mcloised herewithfor the Bureau are ten copies B. LEM dealing the with Hariazlstre-at youth gang ofIegre the "Five Percentersi L
as and
i
G-2
5 S ' R
ecret
Bureau 0
-Q!
1
re Buairtel,
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the
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k
15?.-B92 RACIAL smwmon,_nYvtnsimr!- #2'!" 1:
ABF:1mf
tion set forth in re NYa.i1*tel which he hadrequested Lnot be diaaeminated outsideof 1;-la I, couldbe,digggminatg
infc
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1955
' V
BY
LI
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HOW FORW:
DATE FORW
%PT:
1, ,;q,;a-_
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n " .- ~ _ ~_ v -
mt 157-11489 cj V L
that abaalutely
A7 _j
their expensive
';@
storieston the
#%@
,.
cantinuing inveatigation
to numerous
or the
diaeloaure
"Five Pereentersf
sacial type
be made of
and ;he_
His Bepartuent,
2 p
inquiries which
that caul -dir ctl
92 J
he centinued,
incidents or
agenciq;;qhich
a "no
investigation
in print,
cement".
and
-.
"
Therefore, the enclosed LEM is being submitted concealing the source at the infarmation and somewhat garaphrasing it so it w 1 not be completely obvioua that it-originated from
_g :-
?erenters" Mf92
racist and
HYO will
maintain contact
_ ements
are linked
with BS3,
HYCPB, and
.-
in any
', ~
way to
~ A
the ?F1ve
;vL<
<
i ~. rx N D I
.-..
. 4 .-12:"-.63 ? :.Tf 92
92. 92w
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92~! ~ _______ W_ I_,4_______;__>_,~___,_,_l.,_,..~ ._ PQ _,,-.... ,._,.,..-,u|v,'..<,,, 1 ___ _.__...q92-...._. ..__ I-92?"I4#"J ,9. .04....- ...
... _..
i.
L 1 w < .c . 1
.3:4, . '
1sR@gJmmeR@ww New
Yerk, New
Q, i905
Yzrk
meme Nevember
-;,.<.>~!
'~ "~ H
V"
Five
Percenters
Racial Matters
wees
iii? youth
L
was
apparently speaking
Both of
these articles
groupknown as the
On October is a
of a Black
further indicated
Muslim-oriented extremist
that wingate
15, 1965,
information in
furnished reliable
"Five Peroenters"
New York
particularly vicious
of Negro
gang in
City composed
youths who
in their Muslim form of indoctrination a mysterious ideology that seems to unite and inspire them. The gang is composed of approximately 200 youths in New York City ranging in age from
Approximately 125 of them are centered New York City around the 120 series of
and Lenox the Bronx, Avenues. The Brooklyn and remainder are Queens with
" 9292o:' Greene of in theFort area Brooklyn and Saint the Mspy s PerkI
92
by Seventh _ throughout
scattered concentrations
3_sW%Em
of
H < V ekj C1s oI3mith a orme*EEm ere? one Glarenoe was Smii ggowars, als Li ~ "Eivgm groen "Puddin", who known
~'92 source advised that the iginal leader
male who knees was Jamesgowell, "Allah"en? 7,; withassociatethe ein"Five37 yearasform of Muslim Io, his these to &Feroenters" old gggQ,male,EeE <.-- indootrinated yout the perverted N01
L arrested
_ in
A s ideology
for felonious
eesault with
may 31,
of ere.
four youthful
"Five Percenters"
New York
both are
still incarcerated
age 22,
leedershi ition
the gang
"Hebeks", aw egro
male
However, on
marijuensto
August 29,
was arrested
is currently
for selling
awaiting
pleaLy;92
amesm Z i3 Q
1-:
-2-
94
.-"~ -
Five Racial
Percenters Matters
,1
A characterization
of
the
N01 is
attaohe
hereto
On November 1, 1955, this same source advised that 19, 1965, white was sentenced to two years in prison
Supreme Court,
on by
eherge
mentioned
On October 15, 1965, this source advised that the meaning of "Five Percent is that 85% of the Negroes are cattle who Just follow along, 10% are Uncle Toms while the remaining 5%, which they represent, are the real leaders of the Negro
people. The Muslim type of indoctrination which they receive, in addition to the adoption of e Muslim name, is the memorization of the questions and answers put out by the N01 and whkxh their new members must learn. This list of questions and answers appears to have originated with Jowars, who was an N01 member
under
the
name
of
Clarence 1
X Smith
and
undoubtedly
obtained
that
aimed
Harlem,
white
victim
cannot
be located
they
have no reservation
about
choosing a
Negro victim.
caused a
greet
deal
of
trouble in schools, chiefly Junior High School number 120 st Madison Avenue and 120th Street in Harlem, where they disrupt classes, demand to be called by their Muslim names and have assaulted som teachers Since the jailing of Jowers, Howell and white they have no overall leadership although they instruct each other in Muslim-type ideology and the practice of Judo and karate. They have no meeting place other than the street, sohool
yards
- ~., ~." .*; 1 -$-- av;
Percenters" may
and public
parks.
- have
Although
Five
nothing
-3
Q5
-* M
_ -..
-.._
to indicate
weapons stored
that this
in Harlem,
gang is armed
Also, there
or has
e cache
of arms
to in ioete
and
is nothing
of the
"Five Peroenters"
or program an of
definite policy
whites other than the above mentioned assaults The gang has never engaged in any pre~mediteted
the one incident involving in whioh they were involved grew that the with the "Five Peroentere" N01, Muslim
Incorporated MMI!,Action Movement RAM!, the individual Organization of Afro~American Unity, Incorporated OAAU ,Revolutionary arrested in to of Liberty, or with1965 Castroite the for attempting Chinese Stat Cubans blowup the Gommuniets&i&,! or
Mosque,
heraoterieatione of
the MMI,
This source
closely watched the activities by the of the
also stated
Youth Division gang and
the Five
of the has led
Peroenters" are
New York
being
of
City Police
Department and
their extensive
coverage nae
to numerous
succeeded
arres s
in detering
o
1 1 *1! P __
. _;_@.@,____,._.,_~=|--.__..,_.,....~.1..--.._.._. _,, _, . 4.,_,,_i._=.,.....-~-..-~-.-92-.--w-=--.,-., _, , 92~ . _ _ A M...-.-.-=..._-_.__.__.....__._-..._..-.._,l_@-m,, _,,_,_,,,., ,_,,,,,,,.,4.,,._.,o- ~,.... .~ _,_ ,_ _ ,_._v,,,._,9 ,___,~.~92r ~ . ~ 4
1 APPENDIX
MU?1'IM I$QI-'{Er. EP_-i;PiiII_l rlN_Q3P9B51
The March 13, 196% edition of daily newspaper published in "The New York New York, New York,
,- =1 .a
o m
ThmsQ'a on page ZQ wnien indicated that en ertiole LITTLE!, former national official of contained NOI! who brake with the NOI on the 8, Nation of Islam March
MALCOHM X 196%, publicly
196k, that
announced in
New York
Muslim Mosque,
City on
Incorporated MMI}.
March 12,
t tmentl MALCOLM X urged Negroes to abandon the doctrine of non vio1ence when it is necessary to defend themselves in the civil rights struggle, and he also suggested that Negroes form rifle clubs to protect their lives and property in time of emergencies in areas wher the government is
The MMI, according to the article, would be a broadly based politically oriented black nationalist movement for Negroes only, financed by voluntary contributions. In this public
Incorporation papers
the Business
Section, Clerk
of the
MI filed
that th
of Courts,
on March 15,
New York ct the > the Islamic
YOPR, reflect
MMI was
Faith and
Islamic Religion
in accordance
with "accepted
worship to
The principal
6, 1964,
a confidential
source
the
with the
Drive, New Religion-92} York City. only foe teachings of MMI the are on the Islamic
97
Islamic Foundation
the MEI is apparently affiliated with Islemio Religion through its affiliation
of New York!, 1
Riverside
.w-1~92-<r.~.~.-.-_, -,-K...-. -..,92.-__ .-..YW>, 9292 _ I-92&.._- --4!I " 92 A - ,~ * .@:su1:P-x-n.~.e,n.6r'l8~n-4.-..~<>n|=:n--<...92.... pm ..... n .->-am-an --,<-... ~~-v-.~~-ea:-=-w~ ~ -4---. .1
~*
f ~92-,-
%";=.ve E-mmenmra
Rmcimi a tera
&PPENDIX 2,-__-
source advised on May 17, 1965 the MMI are loeated in Suite 128,
Avenue, New
Hotel Theresa,
headquarters are
ehared_with the
York, New
These
Afro
York,
1965
s.-iv-5 f
MIL!
1- -n-
92 v
I-na=v>----92~..-<-.~=-92..._._~.-....<._92..._@._....,. .,,_.,,,,,,,,_.__ ,,____,_ ,_,.,__ _N, _ !jV>I-1-_. __~..~.....n..<.._,_.M. _ ___ ,_. _,_,__
V APPENDIX
In January, 195?, e source advised ELIJAHLMUHAMAD has described his organization on a nationwide basis as the
=eac1on er Islam
On May 7; 1965,
ELIJAH MUHAMMAD is the
%%$
of Islam
5335 South
MOI!; Muhammad*e
Greenwood Avenue,
Temple of
Islam Number
2,
is the-
national headquarters
of the
N01; and
Chicago, Illinois,
in mid-1960
Muhammad
originally organized
claims to to lead
black nation
in 1930
in Detroit,
Allah, the out of
Michigan. MUHAMMAD
Supreme Being, slavery in the
wilderness of
North America
by establishing
Members following
MUHAMMAD e teachings and his interpretation of believe there is no such thing as e Negro;
Negroes are white devils, slaves of in the
because of
andbe will
its exploitation
of the
so-called Negroes,
must u
Jew
Statesiixx
~ On had, upon principles of
prosecution by not indicate etatemente and
In the past, officials and members of the N01, including MUHAMMAD, have refused to register under the provisions of the Selective Service Acts and have declared that members owe no allegiance to the United
May 5, advise of
instructions to
concerning the
his organization
the United any fundamental
in order
to avoid
his organizat1onQgQ3
On May 3, 1965,
-4
had, early
religious aspects
the economic
in July,
of the
1958, decided
be derived
a third
source advised
by those
teachings of
to de-emphasize
Islam and
MUHAMMAD to stress
the
benefits to
Negroes who
*' 99
' I .
1"
V!-a_ ',=~q-n-ysiu-.>-.,,,,, .,_,,_.,,,___ __, ,___ ___.___,~ ,.~g0>.,,..,._ ,__.~.~.,_--~-g_.-.. .,...._.___ ..re~v=v-v.-.-u-92.. -wum~w nw-_ mmq 92_.
4- 4
1., APPENDIX
ORGANIZATION as
I " _'-'_92' '< 92: .1.r-92
AFRLO-AMERICAN
lT192TIT?;i.. Ii@PF:~P*TED_i9P'UiU.la ,
announced the
civil rights
&
leader of
On June
28, 1961;,
formation of
was made
Incorporated MMI},
all Negro,
militant
publicly
and
of Afro-American
Unity OAAU!,
with himself
public
known as
the Grganisation
as Chairman.
by the
This announcement
ml in the
OAAU aims
rally held
statement of
meeting indicates
basic
and sisters
letter and
spirit of
the Organization
of
A recording of the remarks of MALCOLM X at this meeting indicates that the aim of theOAAU is ts eliminate differences between Negroes so they can work
stat wwe
ment by taking it to the United Nations. LITTLE condemned the non~vio1ent civil rights movement and claims that Negroes should he taught to pretest themselves, when and if necessary. The OAAU will sponsor a program for
Nsgrces sf
social reform{Q92
On May 1?, 1965,
headquarters sf
ed catien,
that the
are located
quarters, Sui
e 128,
Hotel Therese,
2090 Tth
Avenue,
21, 1955,
Ballroom,
while addressing
an QAAU
rally st
the Audubon
/M
! 1
E
ORGANIZATIQN SF AFRO AMERICAN
APPENDIX
I QNITY,
% New
INCOEPORAQEQ ZOA5gj? i
Qn April
advised that
13, 1965,
a second
confidential source
State, State
Certificate
of
sf Incorporation
Department of
Unity; Incorp0rated.Q~ 92
w
'2'?
*2 Mi vr/.4
-92-5' 4
5>
1 ',=:92"'
siee-tareenters
aauiel Kattars
1. APPENDIX
REVOLUTIONARY ACTION MOVEMENT
n Nevember
3, 196%,
a member
a source
ef the
made available
Revolutionary Action
Movement ! RAM!
organized in
individual know
to be
This document
stated, in
part, that
RAM was
officially
the Winter
of 1963
by Afro Ameeicans
who support
'
the revolutionary objectives of ROBERT F, WILLIAMS, now residing in Cuba, and his concept ef organized violence to achieve the liberation of the AfroAmerican people in the '
United States. This Manifesto disclosed that RAM had oriented
its program
to one
of education
and political
revolution and
that could
objectives, having
the organization
of a "black"
and would
recognized the
seize power.
political party
need for
RAM philosophy
a "black
revolutien"
is, world
in this document as one of revolutionary one involving the struggles of the against exploitation and enslavement
nationalism, that nonwhite races of the by the white capitalist be noted that on
it should
August 28,
1961,
a Federal
warrant was
issued at
Charlotte,
to
North Carolina, charging him with Unlawful Flight to Avoid Prosecution for the crime of kidnapping, Subsequent to the issuance of this warrant, WILLIAMS fled the United States Cuba, where he new publish a monthly newsletter entitled
196a, advised
capitalist system
RAM is
in the
dedicated
United States,
by violence
if necessary,
and
to its
replacement
by a soeialistic
allegiance
interpretation ef in membership,
to the
the nonwnite
nonwhite primary
races
-J-.
On November 16, 196%, a second source advised he learned recently from an HAM member that the organization began in Detroit, Michigan, largely under the impetus of DON FREEMAN, described as the "Father" of RAM and referred to
mm ..;_v.i
/97,2
_ .. .,
E; EEl
QLUTlQ&R: Q@l9NGMQYEEENE
as RAM's "Black Stalin." FREEMAN served as RAM Chairman,
york City,
formerly of
'
fermal headquarters, as such, fer RAM but that headquarters have been with FREEMAN since he has played such a dominant role in the leadership of and has directed the policies and to the
and some
second source,
with FHEENA 5
diseension within
leadership has
RAM has
arisen. So
f rae
is knewn, how-
dissatisfaction
the organization
cities
in the
is currently
active
the Mississippi
of the
in attempt
g;,]
ng to
River and
larger
IQ65,
recruit
<- w
#1: ..;_3..
y I
'
--- = V.
2'63
I1-
nmmcmn, FBI
00-IIM636! 11/is/65
nu s:@;re:mnuu cmmxmm
5; Title
records. Title
previously carried
*1
dated 9/17/65,
L' ast
ass,
appeared
on 10 V
on ,500.00
cnntinuea to ?
_;
art 0
be confined
3 F91GI 1}f!L,
Ballevue
5%
bD dlEp
is expected
criminally insann
appears in
aboneccourt on
11/16/E5, subject
will be
adjudgcd
formar number
cf the
information-of Richond,
Ration of
Islam
l!
in NYC.
aubject is
He was
92
mam rm:
5/31/65!
31/65 . J
Jll zkrg
A NOT
1" Q
J:/___ -1 , 6;-. /
REc0R1:>EF"
M mm W V
1}
Nf
5 HQ? 381955
.1, ; '*"---=--...,,,
"M" - -
/M
;;_~:'s>-1 ,.
-v
HY 1910-l 5C1520
K
"
arrested on 5/31/65, by the NYCPD being the ringleader as or a group called the Five Peme itars , a Negro youth
Q2/28&# 1 ~:_
{'3
RICHMQIQIJ
check birth
records
-ll
5: ,-4;-1
-3-
iv V ._,., V.
/'95
FEDERAL BUREAU
I92'XXX XXXXXX
"1 ..
DELETED PAGE
INFORMATION SHEET
Pagcts! vtiithhclti entirely thislocation inthe le. Ont: or at more of the following stattmtnts. xvherc indicated.
explain this deletion.
"U D lttions
were rnaclt: pursuant the exemptions indicated to below withno scgrcgal:-lc material availabllc for
release to you.
U bill? Section 552* t_'~ ti0n 552:! E1 b'! 1l/92l Cl b!r ?!t B! thttrttct '1] b! ! D'1 .D _M_M_ W44 U M41 hl{?llEl El tdtt l
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El ll-Lilli E] tkttit El tl~:ll3t D tktth El tktt t E] tlzttot El tkt t
U b! '!lt F! E1 M8:
U tbtwt
request or the
subject of your
title only.
tn that :t;:::nc} r.tcsl
Pagcs contain information fumished by another Govcmmrnt agcncyttcs!. You will be ztdvtscdby tht; FBI as to the rclca.sabilit}' information follovring our consultation with the otherr agencytttest of this
Pagrtst vvilhhcld irta_=;mt.tch as nal release tllctcrmmzttton has not been ntadc. You will a bi; dtsposittttm at later date. a Fagts wcrc not considcr d for release as they are ClU"!llC&lI92't' of _ _,,___ I
_____=___ V7 ___
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~11
a latterhe
- ,.- >. 92 I _' V .1. ,.~,_r',. ...__ .._[..C'_DL;.dC.. _.~_;;_ f; n _~./.; _92,.,.,i -tn 7;. 1. ..~ vhc qFQm
_/:~ 11mv gs /I
-I
: 92":I 4. -.;,.~92-92. .._.-.-...z.1;., _. ~ --"H, _ |.~-J4 ., 1'31-1 ~..:.L _,.._;, .- ~ -2. 4 P92'r~'3_ -.> .., - -~ - .v~ -. E
ad memgrgxdgx ";}CyQ92
.
T"
to Newark
if f r aw ! -~./
1
D_
7 I_ d > _ 1* A/_ _l __ 7| h; I M H 7* _ H 5__ ye Q i t _ 11__ b i 5 3 G O 3 Q __m L U Q m__u P Ev _ ~ 2 Q v__ 7' 3u __VMV <5 _ _'V 5 _ C G H M W D N _ 3 a G S A_ __ ___ _ _ V!_ 92 ! t_ O b a n n u _G _t Q V 3 N MJ _A __,U O /C JV PM "Q / J M fl _ : T Ly 1 S ___ J 3 __ L_ V Q i _ L I G P _D Lu z_ __ lU ____ _ U ull a _n e W V ta T Q b G _ T O in C u _|_ O h W C _l h ~ _ 6 N H C 3 _}__ U W S sic W; L; L_ _ V Hm Q in I* ___ N _ d: U* iv Q 3
1" * e
;g':.sgg3rpqq~qq,92qgg,,,,__, ,n? R|o-92... _,__.4, --we -wma-=92.W. V -E-.--v+4~.92--r.-.;-1-Q-..~-,1-@..,,-...v.., ,_..-_....-Q. ..._,. .__...~.-._.....~ -92 -- / A Iv-/92-' r'=C92_ 3 "'> 5Q -
0 Kg
DEPAPLTBIENT OF
;_,_, K$TICE
<'=-.H
eau 157-1324
ikavemoer
1905
coiclnaions
1n:@:;%;;cn ;t
gcvezzment of ;ci;Ls, police ofiicials, leaders of various racial groups, est;b;i$hai 5@;?;; 3:3 public scarce informatian and pertains to 35 ci;; ;;:;;;ic; as of the time the comments v._ and views were axpraaa@; aha ;assib;;;ty that the racial situation in a particula? are; may * ruptly*a:;:g at any time must be
A /n_v~Q
., -1 ,92 *1 , __-- . ,._. :92 7: '-, . -.. . L.92..': :92;;."; ~ ,,mz1>,~;;?; F ujc-;@-nee
P<:>~e;i1 ial
4.
November
42nd Div inf *w;*1
-;;*;e.s 1n
L3, -955,
NE .-I Ye:-ii C;:'.'.,;'_=,r_. w':.o is sacs, Fir$t Area Comman $e~ Yorx V*4 1 *v *+*~' @W- his commanding officer,
;ad received from two fellew
aura uugi
'-
above, consists
area of New Ybrk
of rumors
City will
that on
#4 This
January 15,
experience an
unknown event
will make
that area
"watts appear
of Lea
Angeles,
to be
LQGE!. Allegedly
there is
a grcup Q? Negroes known as the Five m street gang which advocates violence
incweased apprehension
riot accurred
during the
in Harlem
Summer of
r - 11 ;
Racial Violence
Major Urban
Areas
gnu
Tn$uUQTQ z;@ Iaus: ;: l:;i;;g;;1 Corps whiah making.efforts a1l&;ed1y has to are group [lb
/ rM>
all-Segre unit
lecated in
nu!
resides a
were lnue
sagte he
ufl
nai no
i?5t~hanQ
from
had received
the information
and, as
it should
be passed
on to
their
as a
.'_r .-
date for
during a discussinn he Harlam area. Subsequen ' tly, he heard tn D V Y oned fear or five separat O remarks exe@w' hn hpv emanated origin Q urcp HP these
trcubl
Ev
' "me L
1955,
on
he did 6 i_M
other
?V finance of
0r that they were
that the tFBUEI'6 _January 196b, woul be caused by the l92, 15,
Five Percenters , involved
;;wever, during the conversations with other
V Sstated
@n icned above,
3treet J92
as the Five Percenters", the "Deacons" frem the 129th Street, and the "Dragons" from around 1 Oth
1 /
reference was
_9
Zf
_ ,__._ ..w,k 1 .1 m
1 ,
N ___~ 4
Racial Matters
92
vmu ; adet
Corps, formed
-~
I! A.
in har;em,
agencg we
__q v_
as a_*-*@,
_ Z
k .. ,
_ ._>.92- -'
a ;egitimate'sQoial
According
spent large
and he is
P.92C..i-1 to s
trying to
_ ii iena a
youths. concerned ahaaid and train Harlem groups have Youth Cadet Corps on uniforms and sporting equipment takeaver<.I'lJ;;92e USE I -T3I'CE. I1L>E:fIb allegedly . ."lVf:8.18
4 __:-, J._1 1i-5_1___,. 92'92,.____._.._1,__-._7 "..,f1
these groups }K
22, " " ;:;, _
furnish any
1_
_.___ __-Ax
det& ~ _...... ._:,.-.--~ : 4-: ,~_+,. ,;.-92 ~;-.-. - -'.- - I--w; .v_.--.._ .".92---.-,_--.-.- l~,'92 r92*.Q1r92.'! 92 .-,->. '~..~92;.',u_LI_-; E1. u; w '1 'l '!r-.Q an -' v 921.|. 92#92-~N ia J n;_-I vg.-1.4 ..~._;,".:.;x x4 ax 1y ;!.,;_J-l_L.L- -K.-;;,-u..~;' L;_92J vu. u-.;- ,
mvcpn!, gdvise _
that the
ts
ml ? =i~;"1-*4!
-<
any
information that
the "Five
plans to
cause
.I ;92L.1.~:'-L
that he
had been
in
the UBA
the New
York City
1!
92
Poverty is
The murvcse of the Cgiat Carps
sport an
get cf? streets and interested in productive some of the "Five Percenters" are known UBA Cadet Corps and have participated in its but d0 not in any way control or
in fact that the UBA has been
same "Five
Percenters" to
quit associatian
Fl
1 !
A ,
"1 <~;
>.
!
BS5, HYCFD,
IWha
is the
advised
an indefinite co fi emBnt P~92 A_ i "2 -1. The NYC upon cumpletion ofoutstanding investigatid , will,
l"?"Z?i% 3 lli*ia';f92T:.;!F92E
;5-r? ~%
'-Ska
;
W
3-
au my
1-new Yark !
Percente:-3 ,Harlem,
NYC, 5/31/65!
J'HK:1a.h
@% J
"-' -=-._,;-. -
q ....._.._
-- I. ,-,,;. M If _ 92"_7- -.1 ; -31-. .. . 1-~~:'< ~ I ' '
9" ~' -1*"7 ,3 -_. '*=*'*"
, 2
,~
~"5<--*"" -"-"74-I:'F1?:;="-v-,~:-1/:'-="'~ "'' - _k l:-?.~ ""' .I:'"' M ';~_:" ' - .. - "1-,'; 92-: J.?"-'-i "K1;
5J _'.1
- .__ ' x =-*~--: , " ' F -' *-*--;,;, .~'- '~__,'_r .' '~ ' *'
A L;0
:- >>-.-'=-.-~L~L92.
"
3?
-e ..-L 5"
s _
a
"' ! Q""-=1 .. 1
~_
F B I
AL-5 -
1: :
- Type
Date: 12/2
9292
92
e" " " L"Fri m L 1 ! _ ** LsL J AL ___L__L_L______ __________ ___ ____ __';_'_'_' _____ __ LL? if T0: A nlaemron, 57 3376! m1L..l_.~FBI mM {ME F*1 LL LL . . sac,NEW YORK uecLk$%Li ~P LL, ex e Rom. 57-11:-89! c:!-- L L e 3 L L
In ng V. p' L
.. DVD?
,kg
-; L11_ LL
92*
RACIAL MATTE uq
L 0TP_eL;;?;. . 1i=.:
92
-*4
ReLZ921Ya.irtel dated airt.el ll/it/65, and NY csapiioned _ P0SSIBlZQA 'JLIAL URBAN RM", 11 MAJORAREAS,die. LLL VIOLENCE, i1 L IL L .. any Sl1bV*.I S1VE 1diV1.dL1:'tlS or n=~rw.ss1r1z:;;~:1:__; _. L L ll/21;/65' 92s organlzatlons 92 ' LL _ L 7 to L Copies of thls LHM foroelng Fe"i are the L- LL4 Enclosed herewith furnished 3 G-2 copi sL3" 1
.Li
LL ' "
L_ "*-"
' LHM V'lC inpossible "92D concerningYork between group and an a Secret LS8I New link suaect L C1.ty~_x_.f... LL A L i vL ' _'
. f ; L
1"C
.L
sources
.L
hereln are,
L mc
~ r1L'
U-L
.,_. i
_ . _ effect I
LL to
of this
information might
on the
national defense
these sources
compromise
3 LY ~/"f
.
slnce revelation
..
'"
-
L L T ' I _ O
I; I .L _ /ii .-
~ :
' L
.
,1I , L L
- New
Bureau Encls
92
L
_ -
1 - Llocz-155529! BLAc:K ARTSREPETQRY TI-EATER! A V 15$~?1821;! %>c%."BLE VIOLENCE, macs URBAN :3!
REAS
a 1
e ~.L
an advers
~ 9
'~ kn
92j.v Lg-
we <91
V I"'
Ce =-113, -: lag
'
. I R. .
~ 'lh'J.. "h
IL
I.
.1
twp
L L.
;.
L :2
- VII --=
.~<rr'-= ,, .-.
__, -92.. -. I
NY 15?-M89
were _
_ mMQE 192m
' The sources contacted concerning a possible link the Five Percenters and subversive or racist organizations
-. . ,V,Y il,-_1
q iE igg
|
L1, 51
QW
were
vlolence
The sources
contacted concerning
on l/15/66,
=='v>:'1:tk:i
F13 U
various stage
.7 .-2'
Of the1~I3ro, '9292
by JONES in the
The Black Repetory putswhich Arts of NYC, regularly is operated Theater k Harlem section on _
prnductions and is ubject of NY pending file
cO X92
.~_~92_ _ w 6' ,.~.w_,..-K :_r ~""" '-.;~"""""" , " Q, " ,_:,_-,.92 '~....-n'."'wI92-* 1 92. .92 ,9 '92 -,~ m f. ,, ..,. .~ ~ . .' *" #=;;,_>:
"' ;*
~w~.- _ -
.V
-_92
1 g
Q-;-1
ll{
I
NY 157-1489 . 0'
. 1 Inasmuch
g be
further investigation.
advised to
1% between
-. 1'
A wM;{N-!-mg ; r92
Iv
reflecting
been
cnm&#su1:%r
ggglfeiu
1 . _ : q . ' r_ " 1
.I = 57 'j _%*
o
F UNITED
92 7 'v~ -' m?
% FEDERAL
. N, - _Q s _,
STATES DEPARTMENT
CONFIDENTIAL
L New
York, New
BUREAU UFINVESTIGATION
York
" '
_ .,
OF JUSTICE
Y1F1Nn! kn n._
1 f
J,
z ,
4 ,____,,.--'+.
~o
. I,eo:e<;e-iv
'"
_f
.e f1%E$ LiH
13
B2VT??E oiigl
Five. Percente
gent ff a
ell; ;
; ti
vi? dated
ben, d eve
or gm
~i@ EL
~ L * MMI!,
. with
_. area of the
L Revolutionary
Nationof Islam
in the
confidential
__nationalist, Chinese
Communist and
between the
advised that
Fivg V
and
L_ =?J;71"ibQ_2%-oup Jones1&# _%5 thezie Harlem 1- by -,~ Q:-.'1?11Y it in s%l:-3 F31 /!_-_j L, gX operated < DECL: 92.$3SIF uwiz
IQQ EULAV47 &y/ Jones was of ir r ;;ZJ 6 roi President the
L informatio indicating that a number of Negro youths n the ;;f;1; Harlem area of New York City, who claim to be Five Pereenters; f;I are affilieting an hanging around with Negro playwright92Leroi " Jones and his Black Qrts Repetory Theater, a black nation 1
RAM are attached source! T;ff hereto%_,&# lgg Novembere confidential ul 15$ l955, ish &#
v r F PI;_!
or
.i=
;F$m%{"V Q5. August thatof , n 15, as August,1962 L _~: B53L :gFl*';41 1962, confidentrigyag UH.;..urea advised e second _
Play for ute Committee {FPGG} 92
Excl d
CONFID%IAL 5
Grou I
' Q? 1
-V _...
This document
down oading
dee egification
and
d from
autumn ic
qlglar ~~l
of the
.~5.5x W =.-no :1
FBI. It
and its contents aredistributed your notBmcnoscme L ;outside" to be /-' ageycy. inn L if
is the
contains neither
property
of the
recommendations nor
FBI and
is loaned
to your agency;
conclusions
it
.ex-. v.~' - ~-<->~- ---~~- ~~-<-I 1-~*'-"~92' " -we, . ,,v-....-=---- 1' _ a92 , w,-=a-n._-Qua:-:92w-..~92w_. ,2 --.. _~ " I J?
7 ,1 ,
.
1 9 -..
.9Q192L"3._t T..IP~_,.L
l.
Five
Percenters
Cf;"j7"
of the
New York
Party -rwr!,
article Jones
en August
According
to
diseseociate themselves
American
way of , life
voting and
to quit
te steel
their jobs,
feed to live.
to stop
He
article as
because I'd
stating: "I
tell any
em in
son of mine
trouble
not
for.{J92
Characterizations
During November
sources familiar with activities
of the HUI, MMI, OAAU, RAM, black nationalist and racial matters advised that they knew nothing concerning any planned or o
or rumored
l966x.92
of Special
er racist
violence er
group scheduled
disturbance by
;
to take
the Five
place on
Fereentersr
January l5,
Bureau
u- xv!
on this or any
infermetien that
NYCPD! advised that the NYGPB has been unable to determine any significance to the date, January 15, 1966, or to develop any
Q]
cause trouble
2M
,
_V Akwwt W
r XI
,_.__,4d'iQt1_'-v:u.,_ _, -w.4 -l'F E92-n'.- ..- F;-I- Phi-1;92>z1au><:1i,! 79'.z92>-.v~v492|1r/ 4 ,_ __ $,._.....,.,_._._i~,-.<-W-.=-~.-.* D "34~i'-$*"Jh* I-Z-
E
i 1.
ittt
$ "iIv&$1 .:t&1"ii RPPENDIX
The April 1966, advertisement New City; 6, edition of "The York contained a fullpage L
FPCC!. This advertise
York City the formation of the FPCC in New
ment annnunced
and declared
about revolutiona
promulgate "the
distarted
truth
American pressChF _
United States January 10, himself and
also testified
neutralize the
ll, reported
"The New
Senate Internal $ecurity Subcommittee on 1961, Dr. CHARLES A, SANTGS~BUH identifie ROBERT TABERas erganizers of the FPCC. He
he and TABER obtained funds from the Cuban
that at
York Times"
a hearing
edition of
cenducted before
January ll,
the
mentioned advertisement.Q~ 92
-On
the first
Gavernment which
were ap
lied toward
the cost
of the
a0re~
may 16,
1963, a
0f the
source advised
FPGG s existence
that during
there was a
two years
Party SW?!
elements to
communist Party
there had FPGQ so
influence FPCC
to minimize
exert their
GP! and
palicy. This
been a
the role
power within
of these
Sogialist warkers
source ad ed
the FPCG
that
by of
successful effort
and other
organizations
that their
influence at
pursuant to
that 3
source advised
any other organization. This source stated that LEE believed that thg FPCC sheuld advocate resumption of
between Cuba and the United States
Director, was
than
1 Q
; X
F
and sheuld agpport the right of Cubans to manage their ; revolution without interference from other nations. IE_ qt
V V
1
' 55 *
ig
ttttzt
~ "r
gl lr rrreehtere
ggghe@ig%
APPEQQIX
M P_I=1F92Yrt;F91f?LirFl!?1iiP&# c;tj5i;Em
err the
r@,p; >.. V
_ 3
Times" repnrted that Senator THOMAS J. DODD Qf Connecticut had called FPCC "the chief public relations instrument of
It is
to be
noted
that Senator
Senate Internal
Security
The Degembgr 2?, 1Q63, edition Of>"Th world Telegram nd Sun" newspaper stated that the
ta go
that
ite prime
its lifetime
spcnsor
Of hip pro-CASTRO street rallies and mass picket line8, and the direction of an active propaganda mill highlighting illegal travel~to-Cuba eampaigns. Its comparatively brief
public opinion,
span of
life was
the 1962
attributed
congressional hearings
to mounting
anti-CASTRO Aw rica
which dis
elose FPCC financing by CASTRD*s United Nations Delegaticn, and ultimately, the bad publicity which the FPCC received frem disclosure of activities en its behalf by suspecte February 6, l96&, the previusly mentioned second source advised that Y_ T. LEE hadirecently remarked that the FPCC was dead and that there were no plans to
.On
Q Q ~
V ggg?,QAH f
_ >,
":.._'. Y-.
K F 3
,92$
92
Jiiiiiiillib
.92 -.
x
..- "1 J ega. ,Y
Fiee
eeeeeeeuee
APPENDIX 92
MUSLIM MOSQUE MMI! __ .. _*_-_e.-ii-.~~ V_ ,;!._ mlneqeeoeeien _ ::,_,,_ ,e*ddd
92
i.Q ML
The March 13, 196%, edition of The New York Times", a daily newspaper published in New York, New York, contained an article on page 20 which indicated that MALCOLM x LITLE!, former natinnal official of the eatien publicly announced in New York City on March 12, 1961, that he had formed the Muslim Mosque, Incorporated MMI!. The MMI, according to the article, would be e broadly based politically
eriented black nationalist movement fer Negroes, only,
of Islam
8, 19SU,L
financed by voluntary contributions, In this public statement, MALCOLM X urged Hegrees to abandnn the doctrine of non~ vielence when it is necessary to defend themselves in the
he also their
where the
ef the
MMI filed
of Courts,
that the
on March
of the
16,
State
the Business
York, New
Section, Clerk
York, reflect
New Ynrk
MMI was
incerporated under
">1
of New Yerk to work for the imparting and Islamic Religion in accordance
principals", The
in the
to be located
News", a
weekly Negro
newspaper published
African tour
in New
York City,
him ta
he X with
Muslim leaders
became soft in his
during his
has ehangad
and to
anti~white feelings
became more
religious ;;92
Foundation Of
i
Islamic Religion
On October
6, 196R,
a confidential
seurde adviied
;&5i
. la!!
-_ ~' V. ' ~.?l -- 414' -I-w-42'!-~>,-** J1I92=a<~. ,---s<z923*4 5*f-'5 - ".'l1 *1'-1 -I*.ft>r.92:>lI92Av...~..-_. :-.<.v /e-@:=~.-.. < ;=Ps:d92*ii>92&,_ 1~.~29 !_4_xq;-.w@u92, _-'IWIlE"''
_
'5
Y wr
fig
_E
iiiss semmisss
?l_P.P_.% 3_I;3i
Xi: 5l M
1
___ _ __ 7
1
-
1 7,
2.
% This
' that L Hotel
where they
were established
shared with
These
of Afr0 Ameria
headquarters are
the latter
Since then,
part of
the MMI
July, 195,
has held
when they
no meetings
were discontinued,
and there
completely "dead".
7'
SJ -92sX
iv ;a ,
..s ..~ ml
as .s.z,-
z 9,1
Eeve geeeeeeees
A. _ ,,92- """
1;
NATION OF
.-11:-.f
_.5_PPENe;_2g____
ISLAM
"_,L?,";*-9
sFQ
source advised
of the Natien*
ELIJAH MUHAMMAD
is the
national headquarters
of Islam N01!, Muhammad's Temple of Islam Number 2, 5335 South Greenwood Avenue, Chicago, Illinois, is the
Bid other N01 officials, when referring to Muhammad's organize en e natienwide basis, commenced using either 'Moeque" or
of the
NOI; and
in mid-1359
Muhammad
The N61 is an all-Negro organization which wee eriginelly organized in 1930 in Detroit, Michigan, MUHAMMAD claims to have been selected by Allah, the Supreme Being, te lead the so-celled Negre race out of slavery in the wileerneee of North America by establishing en independent bleak natien in the United States Members following
MUHA MAD's teachings his and interpretation of believe there is ne euen thing es e Negro;
Negroes are white devils, slaves of in the
because ef
1 "
andbe will
its exploitation
sf the
S;~0alled Negroes,
must
States
had, upon
In the pest, efficials and members ef the HUI, including MUHAMMAD, have refused to register under the provisions of the Selective Service Acts and have deelare that members ewe no allegiance to the United
On May 5, l958,the first source advised MUHAMMAD advice of legal counsel, tempered his personal
instructions to his ministers concerning the
Statements and
his organization in order to avoid peesible the Unite States Government; however, he did any fundamental changes in the teachings of
the the NOI .,u,.92 economic benefits to derived those be by Negroes who ioined ___...-nu!
92
APPENDIX,
1. 1 92
]_;
,J *__ ,_
*
;@,;aL
wew%
Muslim Mosque,
formation of
28, 196%,
MALCOLMILITTLE,
all Negro, public rally
Incorporated {MMI!,
founder and
militant held by
publicly
e new, at a
NewCity.Qf92 York
OAKU aims A printed reed by on the
MMI in the
Auduben Ballroom,
Broadway end
155th Street,
that it in the
of African as "our"
It is
descent brothers
patterned
eed sisters
eliminate differences between Negreee together for human rights," while the
is to
eeee
"internationalize" the
American civil
rights move-
United Nations, LITTLE condemned movement and claims that to protect themselves, when
OAAU will sponsor a program for
necessary. The
Negroes of
soeial reformC>92
On May
headquarters
ed cation,
polities, oulture,
economics, and
thet the
1?, 1955,
of the
e confidential
OAAU are
located
source advised
in MMI
head-
while addressing
an OAAU
rally at
U5
..v @1-I ~ w !
F$
iAPPENDIX
?$B# $$
OHGANLL TION
* i On
April 13,
advised that Q Mgrgh
Ah Qf
2j 1955,
1965, a
second confidential
Certifiaate
source
ti>n s true
-w%%5
- g
.~ ' u, wan V
w%1gU
Z4
v *-' -r 1
,w m.,~92,-m@w~ U...
! .~92 :1 I A
:toee?otor
Ft lg. Feeeeneera
J no W";
4- _ 7 .
L APPENDIX
a Manifesto,"
Movement eiM}.a
organized in
from an
the winter
of 1963
by Afro~Americans
who support
the revolutionary objectives of RGBERT F. WILLIAMS, now residing in Cuba, end his concept of organized violence to achieve the liberation of the Afro~Amerioan people in the
United States. This Manifesto disclosed that RAM had oriented
its program
to one
of education
and political
revolution and
the organization of a "black" political party with objectives, having reoogoieeo the need for e "black that could and would seize pOweP. RAM philosophy
in this document as one of revolutionary
nationalism, that
one involving
against exploitation
the struggles
of the
nonwhite races
by the
of the
world
and imperialist
nationsK2g92
and enslavement
white tepiteliot
Regarding WILLIAMS, it should be noted that on August 28, 1961, e Federal warrant was issued at Charlotte; North Carolina, charging him with Unlawful Flight to Avoid
*1
monthly newsletter
196%, advised
capitalist system
entitleo
RAM is
in the
United States, by violence if neeeeeery, and to its replacement by a sociallstio system oriented toward the Chinese communist interpretation of Marxism-Leninism. RAM is entirely nonwhite in membership, clandestine in nature, and owes its primary allegiance to the "Bandung world," that is, the nonwhite races
:1, -
to i.
92.
_ 1
1/--. W
<
fs with
$%@ Philadelphia,
' This
FREEMAN served
as RAM
Chairman,
of
"
activitiesthe 0rganizati0hk 92 of
within recent
dissension within RAM has
formal headquarters, as such, for RAM but that headquarters have been with FREEMAN since he has played such a dominant Pele in the leadership of and has d'rected the policies and months, according
become evident
to the
and some
second source,
dissatisfaction
arisen. So
far as
is known,
how-
To date, according to
United states
the organization
cities
in the
sf the
is currently
active
in attempting
to recruit
River and
larger
1955,
ss
'_' 1
9, _, 5 -
IE .:-
.Li'mL;:" its--;"%
Iiss ?@f %IQl
1' { ;*V*
Qn April
_ K
> "i
a confidential of National source advised that
1?, 1959,
on February
group under
12, 1959,
the leadership
a Socialist
workers Party
SW?! minority
Committee member,
differences on
to as
varied issues
concerning tactics
and
interpretation of political events, split from the SW? on the grounds that the Party was liquidating itself by departing frsm the Marxist precepts of LEON Tsgmsxy and retreating from
the fight for the world socialist revolution. The final issue which ultimately forced the split was the m1narity's
0PPQsit1on t0 Op ratibn with
,~ ...> I
as petty~bourgeo1sQE
to source,
advocated
and has
as its
aPit li$m in bhQ_United States throughout wcrldqgej end the On May 1960, source sdvised this minority l, that
J 1---; J
workers world
Party, which
Second source
maintains headquarters
advised that
at Q6 west 21st
the
I "K
i
pursuant
.92
I 92
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1':-nn tlu Pwuat-arm,advised the street gang in a I% You-k. RICE! they took "inntructia Thur Pin Pnrccatora MW but ana iltalt noun of ta-omblvc E0 tho IIIZPD. they :1-0 Int numbers at the Ration at Islam;
Ialnic
rliilvad
mat
be intensively
in riot:
uxgnmy at
In
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tort City .
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5-22454!
.I _ 1'
Date: 9/1/'55,
Transmit the foilowing in _ _._.Via e -
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V
or code.
__
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Type in piaintext
i e
rV; 1-: _-,. e v Z, T
tgnwet
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as
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"92
L 9, Q9atin if
iviewing
r-' Q1! 1 .
Q11 8/gems,
of re
NY.-
the presence
agents
*gt
must 1 his
had a right used against consult with
by SA
that before
to remain silent; tht anything he said could be him in a court of law; that he had 2: right to an attorney before agents ask him any questions,
agents could
and that
his attorney
could not
present during
one in
the questioning
the event that the
t eq :1
his mother
4
P&#*
to answer attorney he
had the
I
right
if he to force
to stop
at any
point
of the
questioning,in that
presence of an attorne him to make any
we t
/it I
2 3%
W
t;w1"921 +4 -
5%
4?? HF
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NY 15?-1L;59
:.'f'&~'F; 92:11i _,.__r:..: 92' C.., 41 '1 4?-,.' /~ =- '-' , .1,3 . R ._ -,; -5-1 =. _: if .=J2 ...,v,.: 1 . .*~;;-'<92;s'- -1 _92., ,. 1
QC/'
~ at
J i. .
V
-
1:ime _u...92
is
6 "
cooperate with
the agents o_
by answering
.-+0*wo he:
Q f6:; ,
6 1361"!!! Fill
night; *hen
n- ~ 4 er,
officers
heard the terms
sistsrs"use6 when
talking about
young Negroes
in
the Brooklyn Bedford Stuyvesant area. He stated that occasions in e local perk near Tompkins and Lafayette many young Negroes would gather and openly discuss racial V throughout Bedford Stuyvesant and spproxims e L 9 years of age who cells himself
approximately 5'11" and weighs l?0 pounds; wears his heir in an Afro, has spoksgabout devils, meaning white man, will not allow young
anything and around. ALLAH that you are supposed to beat mentioned the fact thetethese
0-
dark brown shin and the fact that the Negroes to have
them up when yeun Negroes they some were
simply be
sitting in
the park
simply a
awaiting a
game of
h .:-1ally" . .1 ;;gr . w
o the
floor ohainmen and that simply standscan hsardEJ92 end be as one who desires
softball. At
these various
gatheringsno individual
to discuss
is considered
oanything
ving actual instructions from any given indicated that this was not true_and that his the result of his own doings or that of himself
walking the night gfre young while w streets at nae Negroes safe bqb During course the of inte1~view,Qmen_tiQ many
the whttetseotions things which of Brooklyn Ha indicated that some of the ideas ind statements made
white youngsters
at the various gatherings were actuell things which could have been hoard at Black Muslim Meetings but thet no black muslims nor anyone
1
. ,aI92-u- , f y
'1 7' -0, .-._-. -jwm , .-.-..u|q.m-..,~w~a. ..--.-.w~,fw----- ,_,--_...--., _ .-,7. . ... . "
~ ." - .. 4* -,..=
1:
/tV
a -A L
NY 15'?-V17+59
,..;
L, 3
-4-_~____~A
15*?
The followlng
obtainad from
ls a
interview and
physical descrlptlon
Male
personal obse
Sex: Race:
Age:
.-..1~'i-921-'$-'+ 1
Helght: weight:
Parents:
l?2 pounds
1 -__
.
Buil :
i
; <=j; ;*l3,. ;A1,i >55 -,5:~ _". : ,92,92
Marital Status:
L! TC/
Education:
Other schools
J; _ .,_ v.. WQIQ, ..-m.;5@._g.-
attended:
Employment:
Family Status:
M, ___!__W_
."~..L._.M..-.-.-~.W- A
A A
3
1-_- .. p. r J 7 1, 1 _ , ! Q ,_ _' A 1' _ . I . -an
v mi Y
NY 15?-1&3 ?
-=3-_f:,r .! IE
Crimlinal record:
Brothers and Sisters:
attempted to locate
name
was New
on the
E
' e. longtime
York advised.
Db know no info set further attempts iV --A-made topersonally out, advise will be not locate v ' L him ime, at 0 further action is being taken in thismatter UACBEW, "
k
is the
the
_;>._._?
92 53
_. -cw ~ I--P
]~.,,,,,,,_r_-Qgrewe-,n>.><;.~._,..._.-...,/-.,....._,., -7 .7.--.. __ _,
e 92~.
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be-@'ITED STATESDEPARTMENT .e*"JUSTICE
FEDERAl.BUREAU'OFINVESTIGATION
" v'l"
File N0.
~e@$
New York,
New York
September 20,
-
1965
"-'- -.8
Racial metterQ
29, 1965
submitted
5 '51 In _ 92.x
Reference is made to previous communication in the above matter dated August 26, 1965.
,
er I ,i;
C rimina o
ten
City, on September 16, 1965, furnished dispositions concerning the following members of the Five
Peroenters who were arrested by the
Police Department
following an
altercation with
a
vr
_
ti
"=1-sq
3397, 3398 gtoo, gtii 3e02, 3n16 3405, guiu gone 340e, 3e13 3407, 3410 3e06, 3u12
-.Gregory%nes' fq_i9!
Jame Mo ey tr Charla ingleytg
Stany! ompeon{
1
tried in Manhattan
we _1 err n
The above defendants were
Fl::oer?%EwrSQ~j
found guilty
Criminal Court,
Williams,
the above defendants were referred to County Grand Jury for an indictment
:-
disorderly conduct.
Sledge and
Part III;
Jones were
on September 8, 1965.
the cases
In addition,
on all
of
Gay,
felohy! J92
This document nor conclusions
of the
it and
FBI and
its contents
are not
to your
to be
agency;
distributed
outside your
agency.
ENCLOSURE
f... V. , r____ _
92??x
1 _J
1.; j .92 4
X.
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NGODED ESS
ner!sawIGHK us?-$921: _
,1 _
POSSIBLE RRCIALDIXLTURBAECE FIFE PERCEllTERS" BY "
E YQRK SITE REi- uGE 8&5 I96 513$? SE
= Mr.
; Mn Wicl_:7.____ .
3 Mr.
TeIs0n._ g D:Loac
Casp e1--_____ '
M'0h2'
.1~' _ .. .-2_A i = =. ,
.:v Mr.
Tab. 1i03er1<_
Tave1_ T ._._______________
Sui!ivan_
Trotter__ Room_ 1
Ho}!-m;g_____
_ -_...,,._
G3ndy'_____
~1-
nan
BUREAU RACSIAL MOF RELGEIVED /, uarrsnsIHFURHATIDII _ 'DATE SPEGIALI JQ4g gf! SERVICES V 5,p.& B553; MJ INSTANT HYCFI3, U'I$ED
CPRGIECT 1m~::m'm
BUREAU FILE
y
'!'E!!Q.EZ!!!1E$; REFLEBIS
2 !
SEVERAL FIVE
"ACTIONS
FERCEIITERS
DIS
ORDERS
'0 I
R1015
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PAGE rue
vi-AREIICMQYH .4.;.&qv-2M_mg;L;?2E W0
xs PRESEHTLYcunwxasn In LHRITEUAN stat: HOSPITAL, IS mar Rznsaszn an asz on: uzxr.
@$
PROPOSED ACTIOU
atwas sls nus stnsst Lsnox on one awn AVEova uzxI gJ92 1 ? Ssrarsn on-1c1m.s STATE mmfswna ,[,'
aoswxrnn
LL.._,.& k- Q
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sn1rn's sanuxsst
sate
or RELEASE
nQRQ;BEE .k_u~..-!
,
LEA
FBI
L
HASH DC
,4
'5 -7- I
rl
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@-
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MrCasmm_
Mr. e
92 4
am
Mr. Roaem4 I
F 11; Y ____M________
~Mr. Tavei.__ /
Tale. Room
Miss H<J1me5________
Q Milt GlI!dy_____
.
FBI
NEH
YURK
an
E"
um: nus uunssn ens:
FBI umsn uc
nu.
-Q17
...537
AN 5
T357
" 92
H- ~
FBI
3% Date:
92 1 i !
xx
3 I 1
following in
__
_ ,
, ,____ , __ ,_,
}";rp;- mplaintext or code!
AIRTEL
Z f rioriy!
H j
L
_
'1
_.-__e=__=:ggg
i I
.o/ "Li
$UBJECTtCj%%VE PERCENTERS
iL3: LW
advis in identity is a personal coni
"~, .'
;1
,- versattion
;known
to
Q; 9/18/82,L L Bureau,
confidentially
&2nd Precinct,
raid on
further identified,
the NYCPD
raid is
is planning
to take
the officer
a secret
the Five
Percentere. The
place
8=oo AM shift, iat a location on Clay and 167th Streets, Bronx, New York.
This unidentified police officer related this operation will be directed on a five story brick tenement building, and will be on several apartments contained therein. It is
weapons who
source, the
however, it
Aodording to
exact dates
is expected
informain developed
for this
to
by the
aforementioned .
take place
within the
days and
I
the source
information was
officer from
i
whom the
' RMM:egb
W , .. .,._.,92..-.3
M. '
@ _ -
T
.'7'
iii .
I.., __,|,
Approvedi
62 OCT3
qent in Chorqe
K e" ; pf 4 .4
,. A ,
., V *<" U v
:__,, 5%
Q 92.~:ni
_.:5
5 NY
157~1A89 ,
pa
g NYO ;L to
against thecaptioned group. furtherstated hewould He < make further inquiries ccncerning this matter, and advise 92". JT the NYO gr r1na1ngs5g92 his K W!. 9292>5 .l
~ 1 the
ining any
action to
|a!r!c!!!on, an be directed
, 3
-<
nw
'@@d@ ?L$1
i?R
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Rev 4" 4
iv .~F"'nI" P.
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1:-29-63!
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-.;=.;;.92 . /92--P.- ,_ .___ -~ -;,:1.: .4 -, _.d_92 .1 vs; 1"-." , .' I,-1-"P -.1.1 <,"
Date:
in *-
lg/1+/57*
,?13;_E>'
Via ij AIETEL MM iU
i__W_ ___
H WW
Prwriryi
__if
. i*;:=;g;:;"" ~LJJ/I L l
TQ
__..._....___4..____._1.__.-.-.._-..-.--..__..___
I 3
.4
-1 1 *4 I I
SUBJECT:
FIVE RM -
PERCENTERS MISC-
R~eI92IYairte1,
I I
L e
n ormation
set
forth i
referenced
cummunicatlon
I L
'-I 1
4 i
he is cerned a raid againstcaptioned EQ92 the = nmncwon, 57-33T5! group FBI /I for conducting
, now or in the near fut
tated t gt as far as
I'IC,1
I Au
~.,~_, g , .2 , .1 .,_.,,. _, _~|