Systems Architecture, Fifth Edition, Chap 8

ITE 221 Systems Architecture Chapter 8 Vocabulary Exercises

1. 2. 3. 4. __________ transmission sends bits one at a time using a single transmission line. During half-duplex transmission, sender and receiver exchange roles after a(n) __________ is transmitted. _______________ encodes data by varying the distance between wave peaks within an analog signal. A(n) _______________ converts a digital signal to an analog signal so that digital data can be transmitted over analog telephone lines. In synchronous data transmission, a(n) ___________________ signal is transmitted continuously during periods when no data is being transmitted. __________ cabling meets an industry standard that specifies four twisted wire pairs and can support data transmission rates up to 1 Gbps. The __________ of a sine wave is measured in Hertz. A local telephone grid uses _______________ switching to route messages from a wired home telephone to the local telephone switching center. Most networks use _____________ switching to send messages from sender to receiver.

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10. In ________________, a bit is appended to each character or byte and the bit value is determined by counting the number of 1 bits. 11. A(n) __________ signal is a discrete signal that can encode only two possible values. 12. A(n) ______________ wave carries encoded data through a transmission medium. 13. With parity checking, sender and receiver must agree whether error detection will be based on __________________ or _________________. 14. The _____________ of a channel describes the mathematical relationship between noise power and signal power. 15. The probability of NOT detecting a real error is a(n) ________________ error, while the probability of incorrectly identifying good data as an error is called a (n) _________________ error. 16. __________ cannot affect optical signals but can affect electrical or RF signals. 17. A communication channel that uses electrical signals must have at least two wiresa(n) ___________ and a(n) _____________ to form a complete electrical circuit. 18. _____________ measures the theoretical capacity of a channel. ______________ measures the actual capacity of a channel when a specific communication protocol is employed. 19. Simultaneous or interleaved transmission of multiple messages on a single transmission line can be accomplished by ________________ or ________________ multiplexing.

Systems Architecture, Fifth Edition, Chap 8

20. A(n) ______________ signal can encode an infinite number of possible numeric values. 21. ________________ is a measure of peak signal strength. 22. In asynchronous transmission, at least one ________________ is appended to the beginning of each character or block. 23. The term ___________________ describes the encoding of data as variations in one or more physical parameters of a signal. 24. In ___________________ transmission, blocks or characters arrive at unpredictable times, and no signal is transmitted during idle periods. 25. The ________________ of a communication channel is the difference between the highest and lowest frequencies that can be transmitted. 26. _________________ transmission implements two-way transmission with two separate communication channels; _________________ transmission implements two-way transmission with only one communication channel. 27. _________________ encodes data by varying the magnitude of wave peaks within an analog signal. 28. __________________ transmission uses multiple lines to send multiple bits simultaneously. 29. A(n) ___________________ extends the range of data transmission by retransmitting a signal. 30. _____________ checking generates a(n) __________________ consisting of a single parity bit for each bit position within the bytes of a block. 31. In _________________ transmission, signals are transmitted continuously, even when there is no data to send, to ensure clock synchronization. 32. __________________ uses more than two signal parameter levels to encode multiple bits within a single signal event. 33. ________________ encodes bit values in brief bursts of electrical or optical power. 34. ________________ is the interference among adjacent transmission lines in a parallel communication channel. 35. Frequency-division multiplexing of optical channels is sometimes called _____________________. 36. The length of a parallel communication channel is limited by ____________, which can cause bits to arrive at slightly different times. 37. A receiver informs a sender that data was received correctly by sending a(n) __________ message. It informs the sender of a transmission or reception error by sending a(n) __________ message. 38. ______________ is a term that describes loss of signal strength as it travels through a transmission medium. 39. Messages to be transmitted by time division multiplexing are divided into ____________ prior to physical transmission.

Systems Architecture, Fifth Edition, Chap 8

Answer Choices: Answer: AM Answer: modulation Answer: EMI Answer: Crosstalk Answer: synchronous Answer: start bit Answer: Block (vertical redundancy), block check character Answer: bandwidth Answer: Attenuation Answer: Type I error, Type II error Answer: Serial Answer: carrier Answer: asynchronous Answer: circuit Answer: packet Answer: packets Answer: repeater Answer: frequency division, time division Answer: line turnaround Answer: S/N ratio Answer: even parity, odd parity Answer: wavelength-division multiplexing Answer: skew Answer: ACK, NAK Answer: Multilevel coding Answer: Parallel Answer: modem Answer: Category 5 Answer: Pulse code modulation Answer: synchronous idle message Answer: Amplitude Answer: analog Answer: frequency Answer: binary Answer: signal wire, return wire Answer: Full duplex, half-duplex Answer: parity checking Answer: Raw data transfer rate, Effective data transfer rate Answer: FM