Political Science 561: Core Seminar in International Relations Theory

Term II, 2010-11 Session Professor Richard Price rprice@politics.ubc.ca Office: Buchanan C415 Office Hours: Thursdays 12:00 - 1:00 or by appointment Thursday 9:00-11:50 Buchanan C403

This course is designed primarily to provide Political Science graduate students with an overview of the academic field of International Relations, with a particular emphasis on different theoretical approaches to the study of global politics. A one-semester survey of the literature of this enormous field of scholarship cannot deign to be comprehensive, but this class is meant to provide a reasonable introductory sense of prominent schools of thought, authors, debates, concepts, questions and answers in the academic sub-field of (English-language) International Relations that you might then apply to your own subjects of interest. This is a reading intensive discussion seminar. Students are required to come to each class prepared to discuss in depth each of the Required readings listed for that session on the syllabus. The responsibility is upon each student to maintain a high level of active discussion for the seminar, and to take their appropriate share of initiating discussion. Most of the journal articles are available on-line through the UBC Librarys electronic journals collection; electronic copies of other articles and book chapters will be made available either as pdf files sent to you by email, or as hard copies in folders that will be placed in the Department Reading Room, Buchanan C303. Books on the reading list marked by an asterisk (*) will be available at the reserve reading room in Koerner Library. Please be considerate of other students in your use of these materials: do not mark them, do not remove readings from the folders unless you sign them out and indicate where you have them, and do not keep those materials longer than two hours. The following books have been ordered at the UBC bookstore for those of you who want to purchase them: Michael Brown, Owen Cote, Sean Lynn-Jones, Steven Miller (eds.), Rational Choice and Security Studies: Stephen Walt and His Critics (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2000). Michael Brown, Sean Lynn-Jones, and Steven Miller, eds., Debating the Democratic Peace (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1999). David Campbell, Writing Security Revised ed.(Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press,1998). Robert Jervis, Perception and Misperception in International Politics (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1976). Robert Keohane (ed.), Neorealism and its Critics (New York: Columbia University Press, 1986). Will Kymlicka, Multicultural Odysseys (Oxford University Press, 2007). Alexander Wendt, Social Theory of International Politics (Cambridge University Press, 2000). COURSE REQUIREMENTS In addition to completing the required readings and preparing for discussion each week, 1

students are required to write four papers during the course: two debate papers, and two topic papers. Each of the topic papers are to consist of a critical thought paper, ten to twelve pages in length (double-spaced), analyzing and assessing the assigned required readings for a weekly topic. Each of the debate papers is to consist of a critical thought paper, eight to ten pages, analyzing and assessing one of the debates identified on the syllabus. You will need to find the materials for the debate papers yourself, though I often have copies of the articles or chapters if you find they are unavailable; students are encouraged to let each other know who is working on debate papers for each given week so that you can coordinate the sharing of the materials. Both types of papers should provide a brief analytical summary identifying the key issues in the readings, as well as an assessment and argument that, among other things you come up with, examines what you think are the strengths and weaknesses of these works. Papers are due at the beginning of class the day that the reading topic or debate is assigned, except for the debates for the first week of readings which can be handed in before any class including the last class. Students cannot do a debate paper and topic paper of the same week, and are encouraged to select paper topics with little cross-over to maximize the breadth of topics that you will investigate in depth. Ph.D. students in particular should keep this in mind as these papers should prove especially useful as preparation for the Ph.D. exams. You may propose your own debate if a topic of your own interest does not appear on the syllabus; if approved you will design a reading list in consultation with myself. Marks for the course are assigned as follows: Seminar Discussion and Participation Debate Papers (2): 15% each Topic Papers (2): 20% each 30% 30% 40%

Note: Extensions for paper deadlines will not be given for this course except for documented emergencies. Late papers will be penalized 3% per day. TOPICS AND READINGS Part I: Introduction to International Relations Theory Week I: Overview Required: Peter J. Katzenstein, Robert O. Keohane, and Stephen D. Krasner, International Organization and the Study of World Politics, in Katzenstein, Keohane and Krasner, eds., International Organization at Fifty: Exploration and Contestation in the Study of World Politics International Organization 52:4 (Autumn 1998), pp.645-685. Ole Waever, The Sociology of a Not-So International Discipline: American and European Developments in International Relations, International Organization 52:4 (Autumn 1998), pp.687-727. Christian Reus-Smit and Duncan Snidal, Between Utopia and Reality: The Practical Discourses of International Relations, pp.3-37 in Christian Reus-Smit and Duncan Snidal (eds.), 2

The Oxford Handbook of International Relations (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008). Richard Jordan, Daniel Maliniak, Amy Oakes, Susan Peterson, and Michael J. Tierney, One Discipline or Many? TRIP Survey of International Relations Faculty in Ten Countries (College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia: Program on the Theory and Practice of International Relations, February 2009). J. Ann Tickner and Andrei P. Tsygankov, Responsible Scholarship in International Relations: A Symposium, International Studies Review 10:4 (December 2008), pp. 661-666. Recommended: Hedley Bull, The Theory of International Politics 1919-1969, reprinted in Andrew Linklater (ed.), International Relations: Critical Concepts in Political Science Vol. 1 (London & New York: Routledge, 2000), pp.55-76. Walter Carlsnaes, Thomas Risse, and Beth Simmons (eds.), Handbook of International Relations. Sage, 2002. T. Dunne, M. Cox, and K. Booth, eds. The Eighty Years' Crisis: International Relations 1919-1999 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998). Stanley Hoffman, An American Social Science: International Relations, Daedalus 106:3, (1977), pp.41-60. OR Steve Smith, "Paradigm Dominance in International Relations: The Development of International Relations as a Social Science," Millennium 16:2 (1989), pp.189206. Jack Levy, The Causes of War: A Review of Theories and Evidence, in Philip Tetlock, Jo L. Husbands, Robert Jervis, Paul Stern, and Charles Tilly (eds). Behavior, Society and Nuclear War Vol.1 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1989), pp.209-333. * Andrew Linklater (ed.), International Relations: Critical Concepts in Political Science 5 Vols.(London & New York: Routledge, 2000). Steve Smith, The Self-Images of a Discipline: A Genealogy of International Relations Theory, in Ken Booth and Steve Smith, eds., International Relations Theory Today (Pennsylvania State University Press, 1995), pp.1-37. James Der Derian (ed.), International Theory: Critical Investigations (New York University Press, 1995). Martin Wight, Why is There No International Theory? in H. Butterfield and Martin Wight (eds.), Diplomatic Investigations: Essays in the Theory of International Politics (Allen and Unwin, 1966), pp.17-34. Reprinted in Linklater, International Relations, pp.27-42. Debate: I) What is the purpose of international relations scholarship and what should be its relationship to policy? W. Wallace, Truth and Power, Monks and Technocrats: Theory and Practice in International Relations, Review of International Studies 22:3 (1996), pp.301-21. Ken Booth, Discussion: A Reply to Wallace, Review of International Studies 23.3 (1997); and Steve Smith, Power and Truth: A Reply to William Wallace, Review of International Studies 23.4 (1997). J. Lepgold, Is Anyone Listening? International Relations Theory and the Problem of Policy Relevance, Political Science Quarterly (Vol. 113, No. 1, 1998), pp. 43-63. M. Nicholson, What's the use of International Relations, Review of International Studies 26, no. 2 (2000): 183-198. 3

J. Ann Tickner and Andrei P. Tsygankov, Responsible Scholarship in International Relations: A Symposium, International Studies Review 10:4 (December 2008). Skim. Part II: The Anarchy Problematique Week II: Realism * E.H. Carr, The Twenty Years Crisis, 1919-1939: An Introduction to the Study of International Relations, 2nd edition (New York: Harper & Row, 1946). Chapters 2, 5 & 6. Kenneth Waltz, Theory of International Politics (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1979), Chapters 1, 4-6. Reprinted in * Robert Keohane (ed.), Neorealism and its Critics (New York: Columbia University Press, 1986), Chapters 2-5. Robert Kagan, Power and Weakness, Policy Review No. 113 (June/July 2002), available on-line at http://www.policyreview.org/JUN02/kagan.html William Wohlforth, Realism, pp.131-149 in Christian Reus-Smit and Duncan Snidal (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of International Relations (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008). Recommended: Thucydides, The Peloponnesian Wars. Bk I, 1-89; Book II, 1-47; Book III 82-84; Book V, 84-115. Carl von Clausewitz, On War. Steven Forde, Classical Realism, pp.62-84 in Terry Nardin and David Mapel (eds.), Traditions of International Ethics (Cambridge University Press, 1992). Robert Jervis, Cooperation Under the Security Dilemma, World Politics (January 1978), pp.167-214. * Paul Kennedy, The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers (New York: Vintage, 1989). Introduction, Chapters 1, 3 & 8. Kenneth Waltz, Man, the State, and War: A Theoretical Analysis (New York: Columbia Universit Press, 1959). Robert Gilpin, War and Change in World Politics (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1981), Chapters 2-5. John Herz, Idealist Internationalism and the Security Dilemma, World Politics 2:2 (1950), pp.157-180. (Reprinted in Linklater, pp.260-278). John Herz, Political Realism and Political Idealism (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1957). * Hans Morgenthau. Politics Among Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace (New York: McGraw-Hill, 6th edition revised by Kenneth W. Thompson, 1985). Chapters 1 & 2 (and skim 3, 8-10, 11-14 & 16). Reinhold Niebuhr, Moral Man and Immoral Society (New York: 1932). Debates: I) The use or abuse of history? Does realism speak through the ages? (*Note: Consider at least four of the following for the debate paper): Laurie Johnson Bagby, The Use and Abuse of Thucydides, International Organization 48 (Winter 1994), pp.131-153. Peter J. Ahrensdorf, Thucydides: Realistic Critique of Realism, Polity 30:2 (Winter 1997), pp.231-. 4

Daniel Garst, Thucydides and Neo-Realism, International Studies Quarterly 33 (March 1989), pp.3-28. Michael Doyle, Thucydidean Realism, Review of International Studies 16 (July 1990), p.223-238. Steven Forde, International Realism and the Science of Politics: Thucydides, Machiavelli, and Neorealism, International Studies Quarterly 39:2 (June 1995), pp.141-160. Michael Williams, Hobbes and International Relations: A Reconsideration, International Organization 50:2 (Spring 1996), pp.213-236. II) What is the balance of power? How do we know? What system is preferable? (Consider at least five for the debate paper): Ernst Haas, The Balance of Power: Prescription, Concept, or Propaganda? World Politics 5:4 (July 1953), pp.442-477. Richard Rosecrance, Bipolarity, Multipolarity, and the Future, Journal of Conflict Resolution X (September 1966). Kenneth Waltz, The Stability of a Bipolar World, Daedalus 93:3 (Summer 1964), pp.881-901. Kenneth Waltz, The Emerging Structure of International Politics, International Security 18:2 (Fall 1993), pp.44-79. William Wohlforth, The Stability of a Unipolar World, International Security 23:1 (Summer 1999), pp.5-41. Stephen D. Brooks and William Wohlforth, American Primacy in Perspective, Foreign Affairs, 81, 4 (2002), pp. 20-33. Robert Pape, Soft Balancing Against the United States, International Security 30 (2005), pp.7-45. William Wohlforth, Richard Little, Stuart J. Kaufman, David Kang, Charles Jones, Charles, Victoria Tin-Bor Hui, Arthur Eckstein, Daniel Deudney, William Brenner, "Testing Balance-of-Power Theory in World History," European Journal of International Relations 13 (June 2007), pp.155-185. III) NeoRealism and its Critics * Robert Keohane (ed.), Neorealism and its Critics (New York: Columbia University Press, 1986), Chapters 6, 8 & 9. Alexander Wendt, The Agent-Structure Problem in International Relations Theory, International Organization 41:3 (Summer 1987), pp.335-370. Jeffrey Legro and Andrew Moravcsik, Is Anybody Still a Realist? International Security 24:2 (Fall 1999): 5-55. Recommended: Kenneth Waltz, Theory of International Politics Charles Glaser, The Security Dilemma Revisited, World Politics 50:1 (October 1997), pp.171-201. Charles Glaser, Realists as Optimists: Cooperation as Self-Help, International Security 19:3 (Winter 1994/95), pp.50-90. Friedrich Kratochwil, The Embarrassment of Changes: Neo-Realism as the Science of 5

Realpolitik Without Politics, Review of International Studies 19 (1993), pp.63-80. Sean Lynn-Jones, Offense-Defense Theory and Its Critics, Security Studies 4(4), Summer 1995), pp.660-691. John Mearsheimer, Back to the Future: Instability in Europe After the Cold War, International Security 15:1 (Summer 1990), pp.5-56. Correspondence: Back to the Future, International Security 15 (Fall 1990), pp.191-1999. Stephen Walt, The Origin of Alliances (Ithaca: Cornell University Press). Barry Buzan, Charles Jones, and Richard Little, The Logic of Anarchy: Neorealism to Structural Realism (Columbia University Press, 1993). IV) Is realism dead / on the decline since/because of the End of the Cold War? John Vasquez, The Realist Paradigm and Degenerative vs. Progressive Research Programs: An Appraisal of Neotraditional Research on Waltzs Balancing Proposition, American Political Science Review 91:4 (December 1997), pp.899-912. Responses, pp.913-935. John Gaddis, International Relations Theory and the End of the Cold War, International Security 17:3 (Winter 1992/93), pp.5-58. Rey Koslowski and Friedrich Kratochwil, Understanding Change in International Politics: The Soviet Empires Demise and the International System, International Organization 48:2 (Spring 1994), pp.215-247. Richard Ned Lebow, The Long Peace, the End of the Cold War, and the Failure of Realism, International Organization 48:2 (Spring 1994), pp.249-277. William Wohlforth, Realism and the End of the Cold War, International Security 19:3 (Winter 1994/95), pp.91-129. OR William Wohlforth, Reality Check: Revising Theories of International Politics in Response to the End of the Cold War, World Politics, 50:4 (July 1998), pp. 650-79. OR John Vasquez and Colin Elman, Realism and the Balancing of Power: A New Debate (Prentice Hall, 2003). V) Are we in an era of US hegemony and/or unipolarity? Can the US establish hegemony? Robert Kagan, Power and Weakness, Policy Review No. 113 (June/July 2002). Christopher Layne, The Unipolar Illusion: Why New Great Powers Will Arise, International Security 17:4 (Spring 1993), pp.5-51. J. Nye, The Paradox of American Power: Why the Worlds Only Superpower Cant Go it Alone Oxford University Press, 2002. Chapters 1 & 5. Christian Reus-Smit, American Power and World Order (Polity Press, 2004). Chapters 13. OR Special issue on Unipolarity World Politics, 61:1 (January 2009): Introduction and at least four other articles. VI) Can Appeasement be an appropriate strategy? Daryl Press. 2004. "The Credibility of Power: Assessing Threats during the "Appeasement" Crises of the 1930s, International Security, October 29, 3, 136-169. Kenneth Schultz. 2005. The Politics of Risking Peace: Do Hawks or Doves Deliver the 6

Olive Branch?" International Organization, 59, 1, Winter, 1-38. Daniel Treisman. 2004. Rational Appeasement, International Organization, Spring, 58, 2, 345-74. Ethan Bueno de Mesquita. 2005. Conciliation, Counterterrorism, and Patterns of Terrorist Violence, International Organization, 59, 1, Winter, 145-76. Navin Bapat. 2006. State Bargaining with Transnational Terrorist Groups, International Studies Quarterly, March, 50, 1, 213-230. VII) The Offense-Defense Debate Stephen Van Evera. 1998. Offense, Defense, and the Causes of War, International Security, 22, 4, Spring, 5-43. Charles Glaser and Chaim Kaufmann. 1998. What is the Offense-Defense Balance and How Can We Measure It? International Security, 22, 4, Spring, 44-82. Ted Hopf.1991. "Polarity, the Offense-Defense Debate, and War," American Political Science Review, 85, 2, June, 475-94. Keir Leiber. 2000. Grasping the Technological Peace: The Offense-Defense Balance and International Security, International Security, 25, 1, 71-104. K.R. Adams. 2003. Attack and Conquer? International Anarchy and the Offense-DefenseDeterrence Balance, International Security, December 28, 3, pp. 45-83. Colin Elman. 2004. Extending Offense Realism: The Louisiana Purchase and Americas Rise to Regional Hegemony, American Political Science Review, 98, 4, November, 563-76.

Part III: The Elements of International Society Week III: Liberalism / English School Required: *Michael Brown, Sean Lynn-Jones, and Steven Miller, eds., Debating the Democratic Peace (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1999). Part I (Essays by Doyle, pp.3-57; and either Russett, pp.58-81 or Owen). Andrew Hurrell, On Global Order: Power, Values, and the Constitution of International Society (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007), Chapters 2 and 3, 25-94. On-line access through UBC library website. Robert Keohane, The Demand for International Regimes. International Organization 36:2 (1982), pp.325-355. Thomas Risse, Stephen Ropp and Kathryn Sikkink (eds.), The Power of Human Rights: International Norms and Domestic Change (Cambridge University Press, 1999), Chapter 1. Gerry Simpson, The Ethics of the New Liberalism, pp.255-266 in Christian Reus-Smit and Duncan Snidal (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of International Relations (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008). Michael Barnett and Martha Finnemore, Rules for the World: International Organizations in Global Politics (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2004), Chapters 1 & 2.

Recommended: *Hedley Bull, The Anarchical Society (Columbia University Press, 1977), Chapters 1-3, pp.3-76. Barry Buzan, From International System to International Society: Structural Realism and Regime Theory Meet the English School, International Organization 47 (1993), pp.327-352. Michael Doyle, Liberalism and World Politics, American Political Science Review 80:4 (December 1986), pp.1151-1169. Michael Doyle, Ways of War and Peace: Realism, Liberalism and Socialism (W.W. Norton and Co., 1997), pp.205-311. Francis Fukuyama, The End of History and the Last Man (New York: Free Press, 1992), Introduction, Chapters 1, 4, 11, 18 & 19. Robert Keohane, After Hegemony: Power and Discord in International Politics (Princeton University Press, 1984), Section II. Robert Keohane and Joseph Nye, Power and Interdependence, 2nd ed. (Glencoe, IL: Foresman, 1989). Robert Keohane and Joseph Nye, Power and Interdependence Revisited, International Organization 41:4 (Autumn 1987), pp.725-753. Andrew Moravcsik, Taking Preferences Seriously: A Liberal Theory of International Politics, International Organization 51:4 (Autumn 1997), pp.513-553. John Mueller, Retreat from Doomsday: The Obsolescence of Major War (New York: Basic Books, 1989). Introduction, Chapters 1 & 10. Thomas Risse-Kappen (ed.), Bringing Transnational Relations Back In (Cambridge University Press, 1995), Introduction and Chapter 9 (pp.3-33, 280-313). Richard Rosecrance, The Rise of the Trading State (New York: Basic Books, 1986). Hedley Bull and Adam Watson (eds.), The Expansion of International Society (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1984), Chapters 1 & 8 (Skim). H. Butterfield and M. Wight (eds.), Diplomatic Investigations (London: Allen & Unwin, 1966), esp papers by Wight and Bull. John Meyer, et.al., World Society and the Nation-State, American Journal of Sociology 103 (1997), pp.144-181. Terry Nardin, Law and Morality and the Relations of States (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1983), Chapters 1, 7 & 12. Adam Watson, The Evolution of International Society (Routledge, 1992), Chapters 22, 23 & 25. Andrew Linklater, The English School, in Scott Burchill et al, Theories of International Relations, 3rd ed (2005). Millennium 21:3 (Winter 1992). Special Issue on International Society. Debates: I) Is Democratic Peace Theory Valid? *Michael Brown, Sean Lynn-Jones, and Steven Miller, eds., Debating the Democratic Peace (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1999). Read from Part II: Layne (pp.157-201), Spiro (skim pp.202-233, read pp.351-354) and Oren (read pp.263-273). Read Part III. Recommended: Zeev Maoz and Nasrin Abdulali, Regime Type and International Conflict, 1816-1976, Journal of Conflict Resolution 33 (1989), pp.3-35. 8

Raymond Cohen, Pacific Unions: A Reappraisal of the Theory that Democracies Do Not Go to War With One Another, Review of International Studies 20 (1994), pp. Bruce Russett and James Lee Ray, Raymond Cohen on Pacific Unions: A Response and A Reply, Review of International Studies 21 (1995), pp.319-325. Robert Latham, Liberalisms Order / Liberalisms Other: A Genealogy of Threat, Alternatives 20:1 (January-March, 1995), pp.111-146. II) How About a Capitalist Peace? International Interactions: Empirical and Theoretical Research in International Relations 36: 2 (2010): Special Issue: A Capitalist Peace? Gerald Schneider; Nils Petter Gleditsch, The Capitalist Peace: The Origins and Prospects of a Liberal Idea,pp. 107 114. Erik Gartzke; J. Joseph Hewitt, International Crises and the Capitalist Peace, pp. 115 145. Patrick J. McDonald, Capitalism, Commitment, and Peace, pp. 146 - 168 John Mueller, Capitalism, Peace, and the Historical Movement of Ideas, pp. 169 184. Commentaries Michael Mousseau, Coming to Terms with the Capitalist Peace, pp. 185 192. Richard Rosecrance, Capitalist Influences and Peace, pp. 192 - 198 Bruce Russett, Capitalism or Democracy? Not So Fast, pp. 198 205. Erich Weede, The Capitalist Peace and the Rise of China: Establishing Global Harmony by Economic Interdependence, pp. 206 213. III) What is the role of international law in world politics? How does US dominance affect international law? Michael Byers and Georg Nolte, United States Hegemony and the Foundations of International Law (Cambridge University Press, 2003), Introduction and Chapter 5. Judith Goldstein, et.al. (eds.), Introduction: Legalization and World Politics, International Organization 54:3 (Summer 2000), pp.385-399. Read also at least one other chapter in the volume. Stephen Toope and Martha Finnemore, Alternatives to Legalization: Richer Views of Law and Politics, International Organization 55 (2001), pp:743-758; Judith Goldstein, et.al., Response to Finnemore and Toope, International Organization 55 (2001), pp:759-760. Christian Reus-Smit, The Politics of International Law (Cambridge University Press, 2004), Chapters 1 & 2. Jack Goldsmith and Eric Posner, The Limits of International Law (Oxford University Press, 2005), selections from Part III. Recommended: Michael Byers, The Role of Law in International Politics (Oxford University Press, 2000). Ann-Marie Slaughter, Andrew Tulumello and Stepan Wood, International Law and International Relations Theory: A New Generation of Interdisciplinary Scholarship, American Journal of International Law 92:3 (July 1998), pp.367-397. Thomas Franck, The Power of Legitimacy Among Nations (Oxford, 1990), Chapters 1-5, 9-12. 9

Marti Koskenniemi, The Gentle Civilizer of Nations: The Rise and Fall of International Law, 1870-1960 (Cambridge University Press, 2001). Friedrich Kratochwil, Rules, Norms and Decisions (Cambridge University Press, 1989). Anne-Marie Slaughter, A New World Order (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2004). IV) What is the role of international regimes? S. Haggard and Beth Simmons, "Theories of International Regimes," International Organization 41 (Summer 1987), 491-517. * Stephen Krasner (ed.), International Regimes (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1983). Oran Young, "The Effectiveness of International Institutions," in James Rosenau and Ernst-Otto Czempiel, Governance Without Government (Cambridge University Press, 1992), pp.160-194. V) What is the role of international institutions / organizations in addressing conflict? Barbara Walter, The Critical Barrier to Civil War Settlement, International Organization, 51:3 (Summer 1997), pp.335-64. Roland Paris, At Wars End: Building Peace After Civil Conflict (Cambridge University Press, 2004), Chapters 1, 9 & 10. Coleman, Katharina, International Organisations and Peace Enforcement (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007), pp.19-58 and 70-72. J. R. Oneal, Bruce Russett and M.L.Bernbaum, Causes of Peace: Democracy, Interdependence, and International Organizations, 1885-1992, International Studies Quarterly, September, 47:3 (2003), pp. 371-393. VI) (How) Does the Security Council Matter? Alexander Thompson. 2006. Coercion Through IOs: The Security Council and the Logic of Information Transmission, International Organization, 60, 1, January, 1-34. Ian Hurd. 2005. The Strategic Use of Liberal Internationalism: Libya and the UN Sanctions, 19922003, International Organization, 59, 3, July, 495-526. Eric Voeten. 2005. The Political Origins of the UN Security Council's Ability to Legitimize the Use of Force, International Organization, 59, 3, July 527-557. Jochen Prantl. 2005. Informal Groups of States and the UN Security Council, International Organization, 59, 3, July 559-592. Week IV: Inside the State: Domestic Politics, Structures, Bureaucracies and Organizations Required: * Graham Allison, Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis (New York: Harper Collins Publishers, 1999), pp. 1-27, 77-109, 153-185, chapter 4 (skim) [1971: pp.1-56, Chapter 3, skim Chapter 4). Robert Putnam, Diplomacy and Domestic Politics: The Logic of Two-Level Games, International Organization 42:3 (Summer 1988), pp.427-460. Jack Snyder, Myths of Empire: Domestic Politics and International Ambition. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1991), pp.1-20. Helen Milner, Interests, Institutions and Information: Domestic Politics and International Relations. Princeton University Press, 1997, Chapters 1 & 3 (skim). 10

Scott Sagan, The Limits of Safety: Organizations, Accidents, and Nuclear Weapons (Princeton University Press, 1993). Chapter 1. Recommended: Peter Gourevitch, The Second Image Reversed: The International Sources of Domestic Politics, International Organization 32:4 (Autumn 1978), pp.881-911. Ronald Rogowski, Commerce and Coalitions (Princeton University Press, 1989). Jeffrey Checkel, International Norms and Domestic Politics: Bridging the RationalistConstructivist Divide, European Journal of International Relations 3 (1997), pp.473-95. Matthew Evangelista, Domestic Structure and International Change, pp.202-228 in Michael Doyle and John Ikenberry (eds.), New Thinking in International Relations Theory (Boulder: Westview Press, 1997). Peter Katzenstein (ed.), Between Power and Plenty (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1978), Chapters 1 and 9. Krasner, Stephen. "Are Bureaucracies Important? (or Allison's Wonderland)." Foreign Policy 7 (1972): 159-179. Jeffrey Legro, Cooperation Under Fire (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1995). Robert Keohane and Helen Milner (eds.), Internationalization and Domestic Politics (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996). Lisa L. Martin, Democratic Commitments: Legislatures and International Cooperation (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2000), chapters 1-3, 7, and 8. Graham Allison, "Conceptual Models and the Cuban Missile Crisis," American Political Science Review 63 (1969), pp. 689-718. Debates: I: Did domestic factors drive the outbreak of World War I? Which and whose domestic factors explain the outbreak of war in 1914? What lessons can be derived from WWI to prevent future wars? Steven Miller, Sean Lynn Jones, Stephen Van Evera (eds.), Military Strategy and the Origins of the First World War (Princeton University Press, 1991). Preface, chapters by Snyder, Van Evera, Sagan, Lynn-Jones, Trachtenberg and Levy. Michael Gordon. "Domestic Conflict and the Origins of World War I: The British and German Cases," Journal of Modern History (1974), pp.191-226. II: Why has the (western) state prevailed as the dominant political unit? Hendrik Spruyt, The Sovereign State and Its Competitors (Princeton University Press, 1994). Introduction, Chapters 1-3, 8-9. Robert Jackson, "Quasi-States, Dual Regimes, and Neoclassical Theory: International Jurisprudence and the Third World," International Organization 41:4 (Autumn 1987), pp.519550. Charles Tilly, Coercion, Capital and European States, AD 990-1992 (Blackwell, 1992), pp.1-37. Reprinted in Linklater, Vol.IV, pp.1304-1339. John Meyer, "The World Polity and the Authority of the Nation-State," in Albert Bergesen (ed.), Studies of the Modern World System (NY: Academic Press, 1980), pp.109-137. III) What is the nature of state sovereignty, and (how & why) does it matter? 11

Stephen Krasner, "Westphalia and All That," pp.235-264 in Judith Goldstein and Robert Keohane (eds.), Ideas and Foreign Policy: Beliefs, Institutions and Political Change (Cornell University Press, 1993). John Gerard Ruggie, Territoriality and Beyond: Problematizing Modernity in International Relations, International Organization 47 (1993), pp.139-174. Janice Thompson, State Practices, International Norms, and the Decline of Mercenarism, International Studies Quarterly 345:1 (1990), pp.23-47. Christian Reus-Smit, The Constitutional Structure of International Society and the Nature of Fundamental Institutions, International Organization, 51 (1997), pp.555-589. Mark Zacher, The Territorial Integrity Norm, International Organization 55:2 (Spring 2001), pp.215-250. Recommended: Richard K. Ashley and R.B.J. Walker, Reading Dissidence / Writing the Discipline: Crisis and the Question of Sovereignty in International Studies, International Studies Quarterly 34:3 (1990), pp.367-416. Thomas Biersteker and Cynthia Weber (eds.), State Sovereignty as Social Construct (Cambridge University Press, 1996). Stephen Krasner, Sovereignty: Organized Hypocrisy (Princeton University Press, 1999), Chapters 1-2, 8. Janice Thompson, State Sovereignty in International Relations: Bridging the Gap Between Theory and Empirical Research, International Studies Quarterly 39:2 (June 1995), pp.213-233. Janice Thomson, Mercenaries, Pirates and Sovereigns (Princeton University Press, 1994). Mark Zacher, The Decaying Pillars of the Westphalian Temple, pp.58-101 in James Rosenau and Ernst-Otto Czempiel, Governance without Government: Order and Change in World Politics (Cambridge University Press, 1992). IV) Justice or Peace? Are punitive justice interventions of the international community appropriate in cases of mass atrocity, or should (alternative, including local) solutions like amnesties to perpetrators be permitted (if so, when?)? Payam Akhavan, "Are International Criminal Tribunals a Disincentive to Peace? Reconciling Judicial Romanticism with Political Realism," Human Rights Quarterly 31, no. 3 (August 2009), pp.624-654, available at http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/human_rights_quarterly/v031/31.3.akhavan.html Hunjoon Kim and Kathryn Sikkink, "Explaining the Deterrence Effects of Human Rights Trials," available at www.iilj.org/courses/documents/Sikkink-Kim.HC2009Oct21.pdf, Bronwyn Anne Lebaw, The Irreconcilable Goals of Transitional Justice. Human Rights Quarterly 30 (2008): 95-118. http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/human_rights_quarterly/v030/30.1leebaw.pdf Louise Mallinder, Can Amnesties and International Justice be Reconciled? International Journal of Transitional Justice 1.2 (2007): 208230.http://ijtj.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/ijm020v1 Orentichler, Diane. "'Settling Accounts' Revisited: Reconciling Global Norms with Local Agency." The International Journal of Transitional Justice 1 (2007): 10-22 12

Jack Snyder and Leslie Vinjamuri, "Trials and Errors: Principle and Pragmatism in Strategies of International Justice," International Security 28, no. 3 (Winter 2003/2004), pp.544. Recommended: Human Rights Watch (HRW). Selling Justice Short: Why Accountability Matters for Peace. New York: Human Rights Watch, 2009. http://www.hrw.org/en/reports/2009/07/07/selling-justice-short-0 Mark J. Osiel, Why Prosecute? Critics of Punishment for Mass Atrocity. Human Rights Quarterly 22.1 (February 2000): 118-147. http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/human_rights_quarterly/v022/22.1osiel.html Nicholas Waddell and Phil Clark, eds. Courting Conflict? Justice, Peace and the ICC in Africa. (London: Royal African Society, 2008). Full text PDF available online at: http://www.royalafricansociety.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=415 Read Chapter 1 (7-12); Chapter 2 (13-20); Chapter 5 (37-45); Chapter 7 (55-64); Chapter 8 (65-72); Chapter 9 (73-80) Adam Branch, "Uganda's Civil War and the Politics of ICC Intervention." Ethics and International Affairs 21.2 (2007). Laurel E. Fletcher and Harvey M. Weinstein. "Violence and Social Repair: Rethinking the Contribution of Justice to Reconciliation." Human Rights Quarterly 24.573-639 (2002). Week V: The Individual Psychology, Learning and Identity Required: * Robert Jervis, Perception and Misperception in International Politics (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1976), chapters 3-4, 6, 10-12. Yuen Foong Khong, Analogies at War (Princeton University Press, 1992), Chapter 1 (skim 2 & 8). James Goldgeier & Philip Tetlock, Psychological Approaches, pp.462-480 in in Christian Reus-Smit and Duncan Snidal (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of International Relations (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008). Jonathan Mercer, Prospect Theory and Political Science, Annual Review of Political Science Vol. 8 (June 2005), pp.1-21. Irving Janis, Groupthink: Psychological Studies of Policy Decisions and Fiascoes. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1983). (Chapters 1, 10-11). Recommended: J. M. Goldgeier and P. E. Tetlock, Psychology and International Relations Theory, Annual Review of Political Science (Volume IV, 2001), pp. 67-92. Available on-line at: http://polisci.annualreviews.org/cgi/content/full/4/1/67 Jack Levy, Learning and Foreign Policy: Sweeping a Conceptual Minefield, International Organization 48:2 (Spring 1994), pp.279-312. Jack Levy, Prospect Theory and International Relations: Theoretical Applications and Analytical Problems, Political Psychology 13:2 (1992), pp.283-310. Janis Gross Stein, Psychological Explanations of International Conflict, pp.292-308 in Walter Carlsnaes, Thomas Risse, and Beth Simmons (eds.), Handbook of International Relations. (Sage, 2002). Philip Tetlock and Charles McGuire, Cognitive Perspectives on Foreign Policy, 13

Political Behavior Annual vol.1 (1986), pp.147-179. Debate: I) (How) Do the politics of identity promote conflict or cooperation? Emanuel Adler and Michael Barnett (eds.), Security Communities (Cambridge University Press, 1998). Chapters 1 & 2. Alexander Wendt, Anarchy is What States Make of It: The Social Construction of Power Politics, International Organization 46:2 (Spring 1992): 391-426. *David Campbell, Writing Security: United States Foreign Policy and the Politics of Identity (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1998), Introduction, Chapters 1-4 (skim) & 9. Jonathan Mercer, Reputation and International Politics. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1996. Chapters 1-2. Bahar Rumelili, Producing Collective Identity and Interacting With Difference (Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Minnesota: 2002), Chapter 2. James Fearon and David Laitin, Violence and the Social Construction of Identity, International Organization 54:4 (Autumn 2000), pp.845-877. Part IV: Methodological and Epistemological Debates and Innovations Week VI: Methodological Debates Required: International Studies Quarterly 29:2 (June 1985), essays by Bueno de Mesquita, Krasner, Jervis, pp.121-154. Yosef Lapid, The Third Debate: On the Prospects of International Theory in a PostPositivist Era, International Studies Quarterly 33:3 (September 1989): 235-254. * Alexander Wendt, Social Theory of International Politics (Cambridge University Press, 2000), Chapter 2. Jeffrey Checkel, "Process Tracing," in Audie Klotz, Editor, Qualitative Methods in International Relations: A Pluralist Guide (Palgrave Macmillan, 2008). Edward Mansfield and Jon Pevehouse, Quantitative Approaches, pp.481-498 in Christian Reus-Smit and Duncan Snidal (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of International Relations (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008). Peter Katzenstein and Rudra Sill, Eclectic Theorizing in the Study and Practice of International Relations, pp.109-128 in Christian Reus-Smit and Duncan Snidal (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of International Relations (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008). Recommended: Roy Bhaskar, Philosophy and Scientific Realism,in Bhaskar, A Realist Theory of Science (Verso, 1997), pp.21-62. Hedley Bull, International Theory: The Case for a Classical Approach, World Politics 18:3 (April 1966), pp.361-377 (Reprinted in Linklater, pp.363-376). M. Kaplan, 'The New Great Debate: Traditionalism vs. Science in International Relations', in Knorr, K., and Rosenau, J., eds. Contending Approaches to International Politics. (Also in World Politics, vol. 19, 1966). David Dessler, Whats at Stake in the Agent-Structure Debate? International 14

Organization 43:3 (Summer 1989), 441-473. Harry Eckstein, Case Study and Theory in Political Science, in Gred Greenstein and Nelson Polsby (eds.), Handbook of Political Science (Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1975), pp.79-137. James Fearon and Alexander Wendt, Rationalism v. Constructivism: A Skeptical View, pp.52-72 in Walter Carlsnaes, Thomas Risse, and Beth Simmons (eds.), Handbook of International Relations (Sage, 2002). Alexander George and Andrew Bennett. Case Studies and Theory Development in the Social Sciences (MIT Press, 2005). Jim George, International Relations and the Search for Thinking Space: Another View of the Third Debate, International Studies Quarterly 33:3 (September 1989), pp.269-279. Donald Green and Ian Shapiro, Pathologies of Rational Choice Theory: A Critique of Applications in Political Science (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1994). James Johnson, How Not To Criticize Rational Choice Theory: The Pathologies of Commonsense, Philosophy of the Social Sciences, Vol. 26, No. 1. (Mar, 1996), pp. 77-91. K.J. Holsti, Mirror, Mirror on the Wall, Which Are the Fairest Theories of All? International Studies Quarterly 33:3 (September 1989), pp.255-261. Robert Keohane, International Institutions: Two Approaches, International Studies Quarterly 32:4 (December 1988), pp.379-396. R.B.J. Walker, History and Structure in the Theory of International Studies, Millennium 18:2 (1989), pp.163-183. Mark Neufeld, "Interpretation and the `Science' of International Relations," Review of International Studies 19 (1993), pp.39-61. Gary King, Robert Keohane and Sidney Verba, Designing Social Inquiry: Scientific Infernece in Qualitative Research (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994). See also debate in APSR 89:2 (June 1995). Thomas Kuhn, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1970). Imre Lakatos, Falsification and the Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes, in Lakatos and Alan Musgrave (eds.), Criticism and the Growth of Knowledge: Proceedings of the International Colloquium in the Philosophy of Science, 1965 (London: Cambridge University Press, 1974), pp.91-196. J. David Singer, The Level of Analysis Problem in International Relations, in Klaus Knorr and Sidney Verba, The International System: Theoretical Essays (Princeton University Press, 1961), pp.77-92. Charles Taylor, "Interpretation and the Sciences of Man," pp.33-81 in Paul Rabinow and William Sullivan (eds.), Interpretive Social Science: A Second Look (Berkeley, 1987). Stephen Van Evera, Guide to Methods for Students of Political Science (Cornell University Press). Debates: I) Have methodological debates, and in particular the criticisms of positivism, lead to a more self-reflexive and pluralistic discipline of International Relations? Mark Neufeld, Reflexivity and International Relations Theory, Millennium 22:1 (Spring 1993), pp.53-76. Jim George and David Campbell, Patterns of Dissent and the Celebration of Difference: 15

Critical Social Theory and International Relations, International Studies Quarterly 34:3 (1990), pp.269-293. Reprinted in Linklater, Vol.II, pp.535-567. Peter Katzenstein, Robert Keohane and Stephen Krasner, International Organization and the Study of World Politics, International Organization 52:4 (Autumn 1998), pp.645-685. David Campbell, Writing Security Revised ed. (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press,1998), Epilogue, pp.207-227. Steve Smith, Ken Booth and Marysia Zalewski, International Theory: Positivism and Beyond (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996) (Consult selected chapters of interest as a reference). II) Can the history of world conquests be explained in terms of a naturalist science? *Jared Diamond, Guns, Germs and Steel (NY: WWNorton, 1997). Prologue, Part 2, chapters 11, 13, 14, and Epilogue. III) Whats the evidence on international human rights? The Qualitative and Quantitative Debate Journal of Peace Research, Special Issue on Protecting Human Rights, 44:4 (July 2007). Read Emilie Hafner-Burton and James Ron, Human Rights Institutions: Rhetoric and Efficacy, pp.379-383, Hafner-Burton and Tsutsui, pp.407-425, Sikkink and Walling pp. 427-445, and at least two other articles of your choice. Week VII: Rationalist Approaches Required: James D. Fearon, Rationalist Explanations for War, International Organization, 49:3 (1995), pp. 379-414. Lisa Martin. Interests, Power, and Multilateralism, International Organization 46:4 (Autumn 1992), pp.765-792. Duncan Snidal, Rational Choice and International Relations, in Christian Reus-Smit and Duncan Snidal (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of International Relations (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008). Arthur Stein, Neoliberal Institutionalism, in Christian Reus-Smit and Duncan Snidal (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of International Relations (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008). * Michael Brown, Owen Cote, Sean Lynn-Jones, Steven Miller (eds.), Rational Choice and Security Studies: Stephen Walt and His Critics (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2000). Recommended: James Fearon, Bargaining, Enforcement, and International Cooperation, International Organization, 52, 2 (Spring 1998), pp. 269-305. Andreas Hasenclever, Peter Mayer and Volker Rittberger, Theories of International Regimes (Cambridge University Press 1997), Chapter 3. Robert O. Keohane, After Hegemony: Cooperation and Discord in the World Political Economy (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1984), Chapter 5. David A. Lake and Robert Powell, International Relations: A Strategic-Choice Approach, in Lake, and Powell, eds., Strategic Choice and International Relations (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1999), pp. 3-38. Robert Powell, Bargaining Theory and International Conflict, American 16

Review of Political Science 5 (2002): 1-30. Miles Kahler, Rationality in International Relations, in Katzenstein, Keohane, and Krasner, eds., Exploration and Contestation in the Study of World Politics, pp. 279-301. Ronald Rogowski, Political Cleavages and Changing Exposure to Trade, American Political Science Review, 81, 4 (December 1987), pp. 1121-1137. Debates: I) Do actors predominantly seek absolute or relative gains? Who wins what in the debate? (Read at least five of the following articles): David Baldwin, ed. Neorealism and Neoliberalism: The Contemporary Debate (New York: Columbia University Press, 1993), Chapters 1, 4, 5, 7, 8 or 9, 11 & 12. Kenneth Oye, Cooperation Under Anarchy: Hypotheses and Strategies, in Oye (ed.), Cooperation Under Anarchy (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1986), pp. 1-24. Duncan Snidal, "International Cooperation Among Relative Gains Maximizers," International Studies Quarterly, 35:4 (December 1991), pp.387-402. Robert Powell, "Absolute and Relative Gains in International Relations Theory," American Political Science Review, 85:4 (December 1991), pp. 1303-20. II): What are the contributions and limitations of rational deterrence as theory and strategy? Thomas Schelling. The Strategy of Conflict (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1960), Chapters 1-3, 8. Christopher Achen and Duncan Snidal, Rational Deterrence Theory and Comparative Case Studies, World Politics 41:2 (January 1989), pp.143-169. Robert Jervis, Rationalist Deterrence: Theory and Evidence, World Politics 41:2 (January 1989), pp.183-207. Richard New Lebow and Janice Gross Stein, Deterrence: The Elusive Dependent Variable, World Politics 42:3 (1990), pp. 336-369. Paul Huth and Bruce Russett, Testing Deterrence Theory: Rigor Makes a Difference, World Politics 42:4 (1990), pp.466-501. The White House, The National Security Strategy of the United States (Washington D.C., 2002), http://www.whitehouse.gov/nsc/nss.html. Week VIII: Constructivist Approaches Required: Martha Finnemore, National Interest in International Society (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1996), Chapter 1. * Alexander Wendt, Social Theory of International Politics (Cambridge University Press, 2000), Chapters 1, 3 & 6. Richard Price and Nina Tannenwald, Norms and Deterrence: The Nuclear and Chemical Weapons Taboos, in Peter Katzenstein (ed.), The Culture of National Security: Norms and Identity in World Politics (New York: Columbia University Press, 1996), pp.114-152. Martha Finnemore and Kathryn Sikkink, International Norm Dynamics and Political Change, International Organization 52:4 (Autumn 1998), pp.887-917. Recommended: 17

Jeffrey Checkel, The Constructivist Turn in International Relations Theory, World Politics Vol.50, No.2 (January 1998), pp.324-348. Peter Haas, Introduction: Epistemic Communities and International Policy Coordination, International Organization 46:1 (Winter 1992), pp.1-35. Emanuel Adler and Peter Haas, Conclusion: Epistemic Communities, World Order, and the Creation of a Reflective Research Program, International Organization 46:1 (Winter 1992), pp.367-390. Ted Hopf, The Promise of Constructivism in International Relations Theory, International Security 23:1 (Summer 1998), pp. 171-200. Peter Katzenstein, The Culture of National Security: Norms and Identity in World Politics (New York: Columbia University Press, 1996). Friedrich Kratochwil and John Ruggie, International Organization: A State of the Art on the Art of the State, International Organization 40:4 (Autumn 1986), pp.753-775. Friedrich Kratochwil, "The Force of Prescriptions," International Organization 38:4 (Autumn 1984), pp.685-708. Friedrich Kratochwil, "Regimes, Interpretation and the `Science' of Politics," Millennium 17:2 (1988), pp.263-284. Thomas Risse, Lets Argue! Communicative Action in World Politics, International Organization 51 (2000), pp. 141. Alexander Wendt, Anarchy is What States Make of It: The Social Construction of Power Politics, International Organization 46:2 (Spring 1992): 391-426. Alexander Wendt, The Agent-Structure Problem in International Relations Theory, International Organization 41 (1987), pp.335-370. John Meyer, "The World Polity and the Authority of the Nation-State," in Albert Bergesen (ed.), Studies of the Modern World System (NY: Academic Press, 1980), pp.109-137. Debates: I) Do International Norms Matter? How and Why? Audie Klotz, "Norms Reconstituting Interests," International Organization 49:3 (Summer 1995), pp.451-78. John Mearsheimer, The False Promise of International Institutions, International Security 19:3 (Winter 1994/95), pp.5-49. Responses by Robert Keohane and Lisa Martin, Kupchans, John Gerard Ruggie, Alexander Wendt, and John Mearsheimer, International Security 20:1 (Summer 1995), pp.39-93. Martha Finnemore and Kathryn Sikkink, International Norm Dynamics and Political Change, International Organization 52:4 (Autumn 1998), pp.887-917. Jeffrey Legro, Which Norms Matter? Revisiting the Failure of Internationalism, International Organization, 51 (1997), pp.31-63. Andrew Cortell and James Davis, How Do International Institutions Matter? The Domestic Impact of International Rules and Norms, International Studies Quarterly 40 (1996), pp.451-478. Jeffrey Checkel, Norms, Institutions and National Identity in Contemporary Europe, International Studies Quarterly 43 (1999), pp.83-114. Recommended: Ethan Nadelmann, Global Prohibition Regimes: The Evolution of Norms in International 18

Society, International Organization 44:4 (1990), pp.479-526. John Gerard Ruggie (ed.), Multilateralism Matters: The Theory and Praxis of an Institutional Form (New York: Columbia University Press, 1993). II) What are the significance and limits of transnational activist networks? Margaret Keck and Kathryn Sikkink, Activists Beyond Borders (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1998). Chapters 1 & 6. Richard Price, Reversing the Gun Sights: Transnational Civil Society Targets Land Mines, International Organization 52:3 (Summer 1998), pp.613-644. Paul Wapner, Politics Beyond the State: Environmental Activism and World Civic Politics, World Politics 47:3 (April 1995), pp.311-340. Ken Anderson, The Ottawa Convention Banning Landmines, the Role of International Non-Governmental Organizations, and the Idea of International Civil Society, European Journal of International Law 11:1 (2000), pp.91-120. Kal Raustiala, States, NGOs and International Environmental Institutions, International Studies Quarterly 41:4 (December 1997), pp.719-740. III) Why Comply? Chayes, A., and Chayes, A. H, On Compliance, International Organization 47 (1993), pp. 175-205. Ian Hurd, Legitimacy and Authority in International Politics. International Organization 53:2 (1999), 379-408. Goldsmith, J. L. and Posner, E. A., A Theory of Customary International Law, University of Chicago Law Review, 66 (1999), pp.1113-77. George Downs, David Rocke, and Peter Barsoom, Is the Good News About Compliance Good News About Cooperation? International Organization 1996 (50:3), pp. 379-406. Jeff Checkel, Why Comply? Social Learning and European Identity Change, International Organization, 55:3 (Summer, 2001), pp.553-88. Harold Koh, "Why Do Nations Obey International Law?" 106 Yale L.J. 2599 (1997). Xinyuan Dai, Why Comply? The Domestic Constituency Mechanism, International Organization, 59:2 (April 2005), pp.363-398. Week IX: Normative Theorizing - Ethics and International Relations Required: * Michael Walzer, Just and Unjust Wars (New York: Basic Books, 1992), Chapters 1, 2 & 16. Peter Singer, One World: Ethics and Globalization (Yale University Press, 2005), Chapters 1-3. *Will Kymlicka, Multicultural Odysseys (Oxford University Press, 2007), Chapters 1, 7 & 8. Available in electronic format via UBC library's website: http://www.myilibrary.com/browse/open.asp?ID=115381 Recommended: Charles Beitz, Political Theory and International Relations (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1979). Chris Brown, International Relations Theory: New Normative Approaches (Harvester 19

Wheatsheaf, 1992), Chapters 2, 4, 5 & 6. Joseph Carens, "Aliens and Citizens: The Case for Open Borders," pp.229-253 in Ronald Beiner (ed.), Theorizing Citizenship (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1995). Mervyn Frost, Ethics in International Relations: A Constitutive Theory (Cambridge University Press, 1986), Chapters 1, 2 & 5. Peter Singer, "Famine, Affluence and Morality," pp.247-261 in Charles Beitz, et.al. International Ethics (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1985). Amartya Sen, Development as Freedom (New York: Random House, 1999). Steve Smith, "The Forty Years' Detour: The Resurgence of Normative Theory in International Relations," Millennium 21:3 (Winter 1992), pp.489-506. Henry Shue, Basic Rights: Subsistence, Affluence, and U.S. Foreign Policy (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1979). Debates: I) (When) Should the international community engage in humanitarian interventions? Was the 1999 NATO intervention in Kosovo just? Independent International Commission on Kosovo, Kosovo Report: Conflict, International Response, Lessons Learned (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000), available online at: http://www.reliefweb.int/library/documents/thekosovoreport.htm] Nicholas Wheeler, Saving Strangers (Oxford: OUP, 2000), Chapter 8. Michael Walzer, The Argument About Humanitarian Intervention, Dissent Magazine (Winter 2002), available on-line at http://www.dissentmagazine.org/menutest/archives/2002/wi02/walzer_hum.shtml. International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty, The Responsibility to Protect (Ottawa: International Development Research Corporation, 2001), available on-line at http://www.dfait-maeci.gc.ca/iciss-ciise/report-en.asp Stephen R. Shalom, A Just War? Zmagazine, available online at http://ww2.wpunj.edu/cohss/polisci/faculty/shalom/ssjustwr.htm OR J.L. Holzgrefe and Robert Keohane (eds.), Humanitarian Intervention: Ethical, Legal and Political Dilemmas (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003). II) Should just war notions of restraint apply in fighting combatants and/or terrorists who do not abide by such norms? Neta Crawford, Just War Theory and the U.S. Counterterror War, Perspectives on Politics 1:1 (March 2003), pp.5-25. Jean Bethke Elshtain, How to Fight a Just War, in Worlds in Collision: Terror and the Future of Global Order, ed. by Ken Booth and Tim Dunne (New York: Palgrave, 2002). Henry Shue and David Rodin (eds.), Just and Unjust Warriors (Oxford University Press, 2008). Selected chapters of your choice (at least three). III) Can torture ever be justified? Michael Walzer, Terrorism: A Critique of Excuses and After 9/11: Five Questions 20

about Terrorism, in his Arguing about War (Yale University Press, 2004), pp. 51-66 and 130142. US Department of Justice, Office of Legal Council, Memo for Alberto Gonzales, August 1, 2002. Henry Shue, Torture, Philosophy and Public Affairs 7:2 (Winter 1978), pp.124-143. Sanford Levinson, War Against Virtual States, Dissent Summer 2003, pp.79-90. The Debate on Torture: Responses, Henry Shue, Richard Weisberg, and Sanford Levinson, Dissent (Summer 2003), pp.90-94. Part V: Hierarchy & Domination Week X: Marxian Approaches & Imperialism Required: William Robinson, Chapter 1, pp.33-37, & Chapter 3, in A Theory of Global Capitalism (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2004). Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri, Empire (Harvard University Press, 2000). Preface and Chapters 1.1, 1.2, 2.1-2.2 [skim], 2.3-2.4, and 2.6 (pp. xi-xvii, 3-41, 69-159, 183-204). Robert Wade and Frank Venereso, The Gathering World Slump and the Battle over Capital Controls, New Left Review 231 (1998), pp.13-42. Benno Teschke, Marxism, pp.163-187 in Christian Reus-Smit and Duncan Snidal (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of International Relations (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008). Recommended: Samir Amin, Accumulation on a World Scale: Thirty Years Later, Rethinking Marxism 1:2 (Summer 1988), pp.54-75. Stephen Gill (ed.), Gramsci, Historical Materialism and International Relations (Cambridge University Press, 1993), pp.1-48. Andre Gunder Frank, The Development of Underdevelopment, Monthly Review 18:4 (1966), pp.17-31 (Reprinted in Linklater, Vol.III, pp.1149-1159). Fernando Henrique Cardoso and Enzo Faletto, Dependency and Development in Latin America (trans. Marjory Mattingly Urquidi) (University of California Press, 1978). Fred Halliday, A Necessary Encounter: Historical Materialism and International Relations, pp.47-73 in Halliday, Rethinking International Relations (Macmillan, 1994). Reprinted in Linklater, Vol.III, pp.1184-1206. Immanual Wallerstein, The Capitalist World Economy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979), pp.1-36. Debates: I) What were the causes and implications of the Asian economic crisis? Do governments have adequate domestic control over the forces of globalization or do those forces mostly dictate their fate? Jeffrey Garten, Lessons for the Next Financial Crisis, Foreign Affairs 78:2 (March/April 1999), pp.76-92. Robert Wade and Frank Venereso, The Gathering World Slump and the Battle over Capital Controls, New Left Review 231 (1998), pp.13-42. 21

Woo, Wing Thye, Jeffrey Sachs and Klaus Schwab (eds),The Asian Financial Crisis: Lessons for a Resilient Asia (Cambridge: MIT Press, 2000) [esp. Sachs and Woo, pp.13-44]. T. J. Pempel, ed. The Politics of the Asian Economic Crisis (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1999), [chapters by Pempel and Cummings, pp.1-44]. Joseph Stiglitz, What I Learned at the World Economic Crisis, The New Republic, April 17, 2000, available online. Recommended: Morris Goldstein. The Asian Financial Crisis: Causes, Cures, and Systemic Implications (Washingon, DC: Institute for International Economics, 1998). Stephen Haggard, The Political Economy of the Asian Financial Crisis (Washington, DC: Institute for International Economics, 2000). Gregory Noble and John Ravenhill, eds. The Asian Financial Crisis and the Architecture of Global Finance (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000). Radelet, S. und Jeffrey Sachs. 1998. The East Asian Financial Crisis: Diagnosis, Remedies, Prospects. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity 1: 1-74 Rodrik, Dani. 2010. The End of an Era in Finance, http://www.projectsyndicate.org/commentary/rodrik41/English II: What is the impact of globalization? Jeffrey Frieden and Ronald Rogowski, The Impact of the International Economy on National Policy, Chapter 2 in Robert Keohane and Helen Milner. Internationalization and Domestic Politics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996). Geoffrey Garrett, Global Markets and National Politics: Collision Course or Virtuous Cycle? International Organization, 52:4 (1998), pp.787-824. Dani Rodrik, Has Globalization Gone Too Far? (Washington, D.C.: Institute of International Economics, 1997). Chapters 1 & 5. Available on-line at: http://bookstore.iie.com/merchant.mvc?Screen=PROD&Product_Code=57 or in The Globalization Reader, Frank Lechner and John Boli, eds., (Oxford: Blackwell, 2000). Arjun Appadurai, Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1996), Chapters 2 & 9 (pp.27-47, 178-199). Michael Zrn, From Interdependence to Globalization, pp.235-254 in Walter Carlsnaes, Thomas Risse, and Beth Simmons (eds.), Handbook of International Relations (Sage, 2002). Recommended: David Andrews, Capital Mobility and State Autonomy: Toward a Structural Theory of International Monetary Relations, International Studies Quarterly (June 1994). Suzanne Berger, "Globalization and Politics," Annual Review of Political Science, vol.3 (2000). Frieden, Jeffrey, and Lisa Martin, International Political Economy: Global and Domestic Interactions, in Ira Katznelson and Helen Milner (eds), Political Science: State of the Discipline (New York: Norton and Company, 2002). Garrett, Geoffrey, The Causes of Globalization, Comparative Political Studies 33, no. 6/7 (August/September 2000), pp. 941-92. Keohane, Robert, and Helen Milner (eds), Internationalization and Domestic Politics. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996).. 22

Pauly, Louis, Who Elected the Bankers: Surveillance and Control in the World Economy (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1997). Joseph Stiglitz, Globalization and Its Discontents (W.W. Norton & Company, 2002). Strange, Susan, States and Markets (St Martins Press, 1988). Robert Wade, Globalization and its Limits: Reports of the Death of the National Economy are Greatly Exaggerated, in Suzanne Berger and Ronald Dore, eds. National Diversity and Global Capitalism (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1996). Ian Clark, Globalization and International Relations Theory (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999). Peter Evans, The Eclipse of the State? Reflections on Stateness in an Era of Globalization, World Politics 50.1 (1997): 62-87. III) Why Yet Another Crisis? Causes and Implications of the Latest Meltdown John Bellamy Foster, The Financialization of Capital and the Crisis, Monthly Review, Vol. 59, No. 11 (2008), pp. 1-19. Jonathan Kirschner, Dollar Primacy and American Power: Whats at stake? Review of International Political Economy, Vol. 15, No. 3, 2008. Dani Rodrik, The Social Cost of Foreign Exchange Reserves, International Economic Journal, Vol. 20, No. 3, 2006, pp. 253-266. Robert Wade, A New Global Finance Architecture? New Left Review, No. 46 (July-August 2007), pp. 113-129. Ben Thirkell-White, The International Financial Architecture and the Limits to Neoliberal Hegemony, New Political Economy, Vol. 12, No. 1 (2007), pp. 20-41. Jacqueline Best, From the Top-Down: the New Financial Architecture and the Re-embedding of Global Finance, New Political Economy, Vol. 8, No. 3, (2003). Week XI: Critical Theory and Post-Colonialism Required: Robert Cox, Gramsci, Hegemony and International Relations: An Essay in Methods, Millennium 12:2 (Summer 1983), pp.162-175. * Andrew Linklater, The Transformation of Political Community (University of South Carolina Press, 1998). Chapters 1-3. Nicholas Rengger, and Ben Thirkell-White,Still Critical After All These Years? The Past, Present and Future of Critical Theory in International Relations, Review of International Studies 33 (2007): pp.325. Craig N. Murphy, The Promise of Critical IR, Partially Kept, Review of International Studies, Volume 33, Supplement S1 (April 2007), pp 117-133. Tarak Barkawi and Mark Laffey , The Post-Colonial Moment in Security Studies, Review of International Studies 32:2 (2006), pp 329 -352. Recommended: Robert Cox, 'Social Forces, States and World Orders', Millennium 10(2) 1981, 126-155. Reprinted in Keohane ed., Neorealism and its Critics, Ch8. G. Chowdhry and Steven Nair, Introduction: Power in a Post-Colonial World, pp.1-32 in Chowdhry and Nair (eds.), Power, Postcolonialism, and International Relations: Reading 23

Race, Gender, and Class (New York: Routledge: 2002). Available as an on-line book through UBC Library website or via UPN connection. Andrew Linklater, The Achievements of Critical Theory, pp.279-298 in Steve Smith, Ken Booth and Marysia Zalewski, International Theory: Positivism and Beyond (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996). Andrew Linklater, The Question of the Next Stage in International Relations Theory: A Critical-Theoretical Point of View, Millennium 21:1 (1992), pp.77-98. R.B. Persaud and R.B.J. Walker (eds.), Race in International Relations (special issue), Alternatives 26 (2001): pp.373-543. Randall D. Germain and Michael Kenny, Engaging Gramsci: IR Theory and the New Gramscians, Review of International Studies 24:1 (2000), pp.3-21. Debates: I) Does constructivism challenge, contribute to, or depart from critical IR theory? Emanuel Adler, Seizing the Middle Ground: Constructivism in World Politics, European Journal of International Relations 3:3 (September 1997), pp.319-363. Ted Hopf, The Promise of Constructivism in IR Theory, International Security 23 (Summer 1998), pp.171-200. David Campbell, Writing Security Revised ed.(Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press,1998), Epilogue, pp.207-227. Jeffrey Checkel, The Constructivist Turn in International Relations Theory, World Politics 50:2 (January 1998), pp.324-348. Richard Price and Christian Reus-Smit, Dangerous Liaisons? Critical International Theory and Constructivism, European Journal of International Relations 4:3 (1998), pp.259294. Reprinted in Linklater, Vol.IV, pp.1784-1816. Jutta Weldes, Mark Laffey, Hugh Gusterson, and Raymond Duvall (eds.), Cultures of Insecurity: States, Communities, and the Production of Danger (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1999), Chapter 1. Maja Zehfuss, Constructivism in International Relations (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press: 2002), Chapter 6. II) Why are Noam Chomskys books about world politics so popular with the public, yet his work seems to be largely ignored or held in disdain by many IR scholars? What does this tell us about the state of IR? Any Noam Chomsky book of your choice (you dont have to read the whole book, but enough to substantiate a fair analysis). Review of International Studies, 29: 4 (Oct. 2003), articles by Herring and Robinson, Laffey, and Chomsky. Week XII: Post-Structuralist and Feminist Perspectives Required: Jim George and David Campbell, Patterns of Dissent and the Celebration of Difference: Critical Social Theory and International Relations, International Studies Quarterly 34:3 (1990), pp.269-293. Reprinted in Linklater, Vol.II, pp.535-567. * David Campbell, Writing Security (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, Revised ed., 1998), Introduction, Chapters 1-4 & Epilogue. 24

J. Ann Tickner, You Just Dont Understand: Troubled Engagements Between Feminists and IR Theorists, International Studies Quarterly 41 (1997), pp.611-632. Reprinted in Linklater, Vol.I, pp.190-218. Carol Cohn, Sex and Death in the Rational World of Defense Intellectuals, Signs 12:4 (1987), pp.687-718. Brooke Ackerly and Jacqui True, Studying the Struggles and Wishes of the Age: Feminist Theoretical Methodology and Feminist Theoretical Methods, pp. 241-260 in Brooke Ackerly, Stern, and Jacqui True (eds.), Feminist Methodologies for International Relations (Cambridge University Press, 2006). Available as an on-line book through UBC Library website or VPN connection. Recommended: Richard K. Ashley, The Geopolitics of Geopolitical Space: Toward a Critical Social Theory of International Politics, Alternatives 12:4 (1987), pp.403-434. Richard Ashley, The Achievements of Post-Structuralism, in Steve Smith, Ken Booth and Marysia Zalewski, International Theory: Positivism and Beyond (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996), pp.240-253. Jenny Edkins, Trauma and the Memory of Politics (Cambridge: CUP, 2003) Kathy Moon, Sex Among Allies: Military Prostitution in US-Korea Relations (Columbia University Press, 1997). James Der Derian and Michael J. Shapiro (eds.), International / Intertextual Relations: Postmodern Readings of World Politics (Lexington Books, 1989). J. Ann Tickner, Gendering World Politics: Issues and Approaches in the Post-Cold War Era (New York: Columbia University Press, 2001). R.B.J.Walker, Inside/Outside: International Relations as Political Theory (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992) Debates: I) In what ways, and with what consequences, is the theory and practice of international relations gendered? Christine Sylvester, The Contributions of Feminist Theory to International Relations, in Steve Smith, Ken Booth and Marysia Zalewski, International Theory: Positivism and Beyond. (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996), pp.254-278. Cynthia Weber, Good Girls, Little Girls, and Bad Girls: Male Paranoia in Robert Keohanes Critique of Feminist International Relations, Millennium 23:2 (1994), pp.337-349. Terrell Carver et.al., Forum: Gender and International Relations, International Studies Review 5:2 (June 2003), pp.287-302. Charli Carpenter, Forum: Mainstreaming Gender into the International Relations Curriculum. In International Studies Perspectives. Vol. 8, No. 3 (Summer 2007). Charli Carpenter, Women and Children First: Gender, Norms and Humanitarian Evacuation in the Balkans, 1991-1995 in International Organization, Vol. 57, No. 4, (Fall 2003). II) Post-modern Approaches to International Relations and their Critics Debate on Postmodernism between O. Osterud, Steve Smith and Heikki Patomaki, Journal of Peace Research 34.3 (August 1997). D. Campbell, 'MetaBosnia: Narratives of the Bosnian War', Review of International 25

Studies (Vol. 24, No. 2, 1998), pp. 261-281. C. Wight, MetaCampbell: The Epistemological Problematics of Perspectivism, Review of International Studies (Vol. 25, No.1, 1999). D. Campbell, Contra Wight: The Errors of a Premature Writing, Review of International Studies (Vol. 25, No.1, 1999). Doty, Roxanne Lynne (1999) 'A Reply to Colin Wight', European Journal of International Relations 5(3): 387-90. Wight, Colin, (2000) 'Interpretation all the way down? A Reply to Roxanne Lynn Doty', European Journal of International Relations, 6(3): 423-30.

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