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:causes<-
There are many hypotheses about hemifacial hypertrophy .. one of them is that there is neurovascular supply to the affected side that .will lead to Increased incidence of visceral tumor
:Focal
Will defined edentulous area After extraction, the defect<.(is filled with hematopoietic bone marrow (blood forming (More in females (because of iron deficiency anemia <.No pain or expansion <.It has an undefined shape <.Biopsy may be needed to rule out malignancy <-
frog-like face due to midface hypoplasia and exophthalmos (eyes are<.(protruded Hypoplastic maxilla which will cause malocclusion, high-arched palate, <.sometimes cleft .Short upper lip, Parrot-beak nose <.Increased interpupillary distance and they may have difficulties in vision <-
We finish talking about the Developmental Disturbances of Bone and in the next page we will start talking about Disorders of teeth other than caries.
Natal teeth are deciduous teeth that are presence in the infant mouth at birth; if the
.teeth erupt within the first 30 days of life we call it Neonatal teeth
.Cause: the normal tooth germs in superficial locations subsequently .These teeth are characterized by hypoplastic enamel and the roots are absent<It will cause laceration and trauma to the tongue and the mother (during<.breastfeeding); these teeth are loose and easy to swallow so its better to be extracted .of the cases are in the mandible 80% <-
:Causes
.( Dentin hyperplasia type 1 (rootless teeth <Dental caries<Periodontal disease<hypophosphatasia<-
:Impaction of teeth<>
.Unerupted or partially erupted beyond the time of normal full eruption Third molars, mandibular premolars, maxillary canines are the most common teeth to<.be impacted
:Causes
Abnormal position of tooth germ<Lack of space in the jaws<Supernumerary teeth, cysts, tumors<-
:Complications
Resorption of impacted teeth or adjacent erupted teeth Development of odontogenic cysts and tumors
:Causes
.It may be not well known, but congenitally absent of the permanent tooth .the deciduous second molar is most commonly affected*
:Attrition
Loss of tooth structure and substance as a result of tooth to tooth contact due to physiologic or pathologic causes
Physiological
it occur in Incisal edges of incisors and Occlusal surfaces of molars when the loss of enamel occur the loss of dentine will be easy and ** fast and we will have Cup shaped depression on the occlosal surfaces of . ( teeth ( and we call them wearing facets The sarfeces that are mainly get attrition are : the Palatal cusps of ** . maxillary teeth and the Buccal cusps of mandibular teeth attrition may also occur in the contact points " the highest point in ** the occlusion area " to contact areas and that mean that there will be . wider contact area . more in men ** depend on the type of the food and daily habits ( such as eating nuts ** . (
Pathological
: Causes when there is Abnormal occlusion because of crowding or malocclusion Bruxism : if the patient has clenching habit " some people have this habit where their teeth forcefully contacted specially during sleep or " rest position Abnormal tooth structure such as amelogenisis imperfecta or detinogenisis imperfecta there will be Formation of reactionary dentin on pulpal surface to prevent pulp . exposure and preventing from having truma to the pulp and for the Dentine it will be discolored and hypersensitive ( because it has ( protein more than the enamel
Abrasion
its always pathological its Pathologic wearing of teeth by friction of a foreign body- independent of occlusion :Tooth brush abrasion If you use a hard tooth brush or you used Horizontal method of brushing . which lead to Exposed root surface and cervical region of teeth the most teeth that are affected due to heavy occlusal load are : the canine ( mainly ) and the pre-molars and specially at the cervical and . this is what we call abfraction Habitual abrasion such as when the patient put a pen or pencil in his / her . mouth or the pipe smokers Occupational abrasion like in salons when the hair-dressers hold hair . grips between their teeth . seed notch is another example for abrasion
. Clinically: the way the we see the abrasion is wedged shaped with sharp angels
Erosion
Loss of tooth substance by a chemical process other than bacterial action this chemical material could be coming from the stomach by frequent vomiting or stomach acidity regurgitation or patient who induce vomiting such as who have anorexia nervosa ( they dont eat enough ) or bulimia nervosa ( they eat (a lot and think that they didn't Labial surfaces of maxillary teeth and palatal of posteriors are the most affected in Dietary erosion Drinking a lot amount of soda or citrus food Clinically: the way the we see the erosion is shallow broad concavities
if the affected teeth are the maxillary .. because of Regurgitation ** if the mandibular soda , citrus food
Forgive us for being late . And for any mistake Done by: Abdallah Zireeni Mn el end