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Learning Examples | Foundations | Hacking | Links Examples > Stepper Library Step p er M otor Knob Stepper motors, due to their unique design, can be controlled to a high degree of accuracy without any feedback mechanisms. The shaft of a stepper, mounted with a series of magnets, is controlled by a series of electromagnetic coils that are charged positively and negatively in a specific sequence, precisely moving it forward or backward in small "steps". There are two types of steppers, Unipolars and Bipolars, and it is very important to know which type you are working with. For more information about the differences of the two types, and about the circuits that must be built to control a stepper, please take a look at T om Igoe's page on stepper motors. In this example, the turns of a potentiometer (or other sensor) on analog input 0 are used to control the movement of a stepper motor while using the Arduino Stepper Library. The unipolar or bipolar stepper is controlled by using digital pins 8, 9, 10, and 11 in conjunction with either a U2004 Darlington Array (for unipolar steppers) or a SN754410NE HBridge (for bipolars). Hardware Required Arduino Board potentiometer stepper motor U2004 Darlington Array (if using a unipolar stepper) SN754410ne H-Bridge (if using a bipolar stepper) power supply appropriate for your particular stepper breadboard hookup wire C ircuits Below you'll find circuits for both unipolar and bipolar steppers. In either case, it is best to power your stepper motors from an external supply, as they draw too much to be powered directly from your Arduino board. In both circuits, connect a 10k pot to power and ground, with it's wiper outputting to analog pin 0. Note: Both circuits below are four wire configurations. Two wire configurations will not work with the code provided.

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Unipolar Stepper Circuit

im age dev eloped using Fritzing. For m ore circuit exam ples, see the Fritzing project page

Unipolar Circuit Schematic

Bipolar Stepper Circuit

im age dev eloped using Fritzing. For m ore circuit exam ples, see the Fritzing project page

Bipolar Stepper Schematic

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See also
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Stepper library reference Sweep - sweep the shaft of a servo motor back and forth. Knob - control the position of a servo with a potentiometer.

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