PATTERN

EVENT

POSITIVE (+) S+ +C S+

NEGATIVE (-) + NOT + C

INTERROGATIVE (?) + S + C + (?) Is (she/he/it) smart? Am I a student of MAWAR? Are (they/we/you) in Gondanrojo (today)? + O/C +S+ + O/C + (?)

TIME

NOMINAL

PRESENT

(She/He/It) is smart. I am a student of MAWAR. (They/We/You) are in Gondanrojo (today). S + Verb1 (-s/-es) + O/C (They/We/I/You) play football (on Sunday). (She/He/It) goes to school (on Monday morning). S+ +C

(She/He/It) smart. I am not a student of MAWAR. (They/We/You) in Gondanrojo (today). S+ (They/We/I/You) (She/He/It) + NOT +

VERBAL

play football (on Sunday). go to school (on Monday morning). S+ + NOT + C

Do (they/we/I/you) play football (on Sunday)? Does (she/he/it) go to school (on Monday morning)? + S + C + (?) Was (I/she/he/it) a student of MAWAR (2 years ago)? Were (they/we/you) in Gondanrojo (this morning)? +S+ + O/C + (?)

NOMINAL

SIMPLE (DASAR)

(I/She/He/It) was a student of MAWAR (2 years ago). (They/We/You) were in Gondanrojo (this morning). S + Verb2 + O/C

(I/She/He/It) (They/We/You) S+

a student of MAWAR (2 years ago). in Gondanrojo (this morning). + NOT + + O/C play football (yesterday). go to school (on last Monday

PAST VERBAL

(They/We/I/You/She/He/It) played football (yesterday). (They/We/I/You/She/He/It) went to school (on last Monday morning). S+ + +C

(They/We/I/You/She/He/It) (They/We/I/You/She/He/It) morning). S+ (I/We)

Did (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) play football (yesterday)? Did (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) go to school (on last Monday morning)? +S+ + C + (?)

NOMINAL

+ NOT + be in Gondanrojo (tonight).

+C

FUTURE

(I/We) shall be in Gondanrojo (tonight). (They/We/I/You/She/He/It) will be in Gondanrojo (tonight). S+ + + O/C

(They/We/I/You/She/He/It) S+ (I/We) + NOT +

be in Gondanrojo (tonight). + O/C

Shall (I/we) be in Gondanrojo (tonight)? Will (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) be in Gondanrojo (tonight)? +S+ + O/C + (?)

VERBAL

(I/We) shall play football (tomorrow). (They/We/I/You/She/He/It) will play football (tomorrow).

play football (tomorrow). play football (tomorrow).

(They/We/I/You/She/He/It)

Shall (I/we) play football (tomorrow)? Will (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) play football (tomorrow)?

Notes:

PATTERN

EVENT

POSITIVE (+) S+ + +C S+

NEGATIVE (-) + NOT + +C

INTERROGATIVE (?) +S+ + C + (?)

TIME

NOMINAL

PRESENT

(She/He/It) is being angry (now). I am being a student (this year). (They/We/You) are being in Gondanrojo (this month). S+ + + O/C

(She/He/It) being angry (now). I am not being a student (this year). (They/We/You) being in Gondanrojo (this month). S+ + NOT + + O/C

Is (she/he/it) being angry (now)? Am I being a student (this year)? Are (they/we/you) being in Gondanrojo (this month)? +S+ + O/C + (?)

VERBAL

CONTINUOUS/ PROGRESSIVE (SEDANG)

(She/He/It) is going to school (at this moment). I am playing football (at this time). (They/We/You) are playing football (at this time). S+ + +C

(She/He/It) going to school (at this moment). I am not playing football (at this time). (They/We/You) playing football (at this time). S+ (I/She/He/It) (They/We/You) S+ (I/She/He/It) (They/We/You) S+ (I/We) + NOT + +C

Is (she/he/it) going to school (at this moment)? Am I playing football (at this time)? Are (they/we/you) playing football (at this time)? +S+ + C + (?)

NOMINAL

(I/She/He/It) was being angry (yesterday morning). (They/We/You) were being in Gondanrojo (last month). S+ + + O/C

being angry (yesterday morning). being in Gondanrojo (last month). + NOT + + O/C

Was (I/she/he/it) being angry (yesterday morning)? Were (they/we/you) being in Gondanrojo (last month)? +S+ + O/C + (?)

PAST VERBAL

(I/She/He/It) was going to school (yesterday at 7 a.m.). (They/We/You) were playing football (2 days ago). S+ + + +C

going to school (yesterday at 7 a.m.). playing football (2 days ago). + NOT + + +C

Was (I/she/he/it) going to school (yesterday at 7 a.m.)? Were (they/we/you) playing football (2 days ago)? +S+ + + C + (?)

NOMINAL

FUTURE

(I/We) shall be being in Gondanrojo (next month). (They/We/I/You/She/He/It) will be being in Gondanrojo (next month). S+ + + + O/C

be being in Gondanrojo (next month). be being in Gondanrojo (next

(They/We/I/You/She/He/It) month). S+ (I/We) + NOT +

Shall (I/we) be being in Gondanrojo (next month)? Will (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) be being in Gondanrojo (next month)? +S+ + + O/C + (?)

+ O/C

VERBAL

(I/We) shall be playing football (2 days later). (They/We/I/You/She/He/It) will be playing football (2 days later).

be playing football (2 days later). be playing football (2 days

(They/We/I/You/She/He/It) later).

Shall (I/we) be playing football (2 days later)? Will (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) be playing football (2 days later)?

Notes:

PATTERN

EVENT

POSITIVE (+) S+ + +C S+ (They/We/I/You) (She/He/It) S+ (They/We/I/You) (She/He/It) S+

NEGATIVE (-) + NOT + been in Gondanrojo (yet). been in Gondanrojo (yet). + NOT + played football (yet). gone to school (yet). + NOT + +C been in Gondanrojo (before you + O/C +C

INTERROGATIVE (?) +S+ + C + (?)

TIME

NOMINAL

PRESENT

(They/We/I/You) have (already) been in Gondanrojo. (She/He/It) has (already) been in Gondanrojo. S+ + + O/C

Have (they/we/I/you) (already) been in Gondanrojo? Has (she/he/it) (already) been in Gondanrojo? +S+ + O/C + (?)

VERBAL

(They/We/I/You) have (already) played football. (She/He/It) has (just) gone to school. S+ + +C

Have (they/we/I/you) (already) played football? Has (she/he/it) (just) gone to school? +S+ + C + (?)

NOMINAL

PERFECT (TELAH)

PAST

(They/We/I/You/She/He/It) had been in Gondanrojo (before you came).* *PPT (before) SPT S+ + + O/C

(They/We/I/You/She/He/It) came). S+ + NOT +

Had (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) been in Gondanrojo (before you came)? +S+ + O/C + (?)

VERBAL

+ O/C played

(She was here after) (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) had (already) played football. * *SPT (after) PPT S+ + + +C

(She was here after) (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) football (yet). S+ +NOT+ +

Had (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) (already) played football (before she was here)?* *biar masuk rumus (after) dirubah dulu menjadi (before) +S+ + + C + (?)

+C

FUTURE

(I/We) shall have been in Gondanrojo (next week) (when vacation is over).* (They/We/I/You/She/He/It) will have been in Gondanrojo (next week) (when vacation is over).* *PFT (when) SPT *Simple Present di sini bermakna Future S+ + + + O/C

(I/We) have been in Gondanrojo (next week) (when vacation is over). (They/We/I/You/She/He/It) have been in Gondanrojo (next week) (when vacation is over). S+ + NOT + + +O/C

Shall (I/we) have been in Gondanrojo (next week) (when vacation is over)? Will (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) have been in Gondanrojo (next week) (when vacation is over)?

NOMINAL

+S+

+O/C + (?)

VERBAL

(Tomorrow), (when you come), (I/we) shall have (already) played football.* (Tomorrow), (when you come), (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) will have (already) played football.* *SPT (when) PFT

(Tomorrow), (when you come), (I/we) have played football (yet). (Tomorrow), (when you come), (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) have played football (yet).

(Tomorrow), (when you come), shall (I/we) have (already) played football? (Tomorrow), (when you come), will (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) have (already) played football?

Notes:

PATTERN

EVENT

POSITIVE (+) S+ + + +C S+ (They/We/I/You) (She/He/It) S+ + NOT +

NEGATIVE (-) + +C +S+

INTERROGATIVE (?) + + C + (?)

TIME

NOMINAL

PRESENT

(They/We/I/You) have been being in Gondanrojo (for 2 years). (She/He/It) has been being in Gondanrojo (for 2 years). S+ + + + O/C

been being in Gondanrojo (for 2 years). been being in Gondanrojo (for 2 years).

Have (they/we/I/you) been being in Gondanrojo (for 2 years)? Has (she/he/it) been being in Gondanrojo (for 2 years)? +S+ + + O/C + (?)

VERBAL

+ NOT +

+ O/C

(They/We/I/You) have been playing football (since 2 oclock). (She/He/It) has been playing football (since 2 oclock). S+ + + +C

(They/We/I/You) (She/He/It) S+

been playing football (since 2 oclock). been playing football (since 2 oclock). + NOT + + +C

Have (they/we/I/you) been playing football (since 2 oclock)? Has (she/he/it) been playing football (since 2 oclock)? +S+ + + C + (?)

PERFECT CONTINUOUS (SUDAH LAMA)

NOMINAL

PAST

(They/We/I/You/She/He/It) had been being in Gondanrojo (for 2 years) (before you came).* *PPCT (before) SPT S+ + + + O/C

(They/We/I/You/She/He/It) years) (before you came). S+ + NOT +

been being in Gondanrojo (for 2

Had (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) been being in Gondanrojo (for 2 years) (before you came)?

+ O/C been

+S+

+ O/C + (?)

VERBAL

(She was here after), (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) had been playing football (since this morning).* *SPT (after) PPCT
S+ + + + +C

(She was here after), (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) playing football (since this morning).
S+ +NOT+ + +

Had (she was here after), (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) been playing football (since this morning)?

+C

+S+

+ C + (?)

NOMINAL

FUTURE

(I/We) shall have been being in Gondanrojo (for 2 years), (next week), (when vacation is over). (They/We/I/You/She/He/It) will have been being in Gondanrojo (for 2 years), (next week), (when vacation is over).
S+ + + + +O/C

(I/We) have been being in Gondanrojo (for 2 years), (next week), (when vacation is over). (They/We/I/You/She/He/It) have been being in Gondanrojo (for 2 years), (next week), (when vacation is over).
S+ + NOT + + + +O/C

Shall (I/we) have been being in Gondanrojo (for 2 years), (next week), (when vacation is over)? Will (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) have been being in Gondanrojo (for 2 years), (next week), (when vacation is over)?
+S+ + + +O/C + (?)

(Tomorrow), (when you come), (I/we) shall have been playing football (since 2 oclock). (Tomorrow), (when you come), (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) will have been playing football (since 2 oclock).

(Tomorrow), (when you come), (I/we) have been playing football (since 2 oclock). (Tomorrow), (when you come), (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) have been playing football (since 2 oclock).

Shall (tomorrow), (when you come), (I/we) have been playing football (since 2 oclock). Will (tomorrow), (when you come), (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) have been playing football (since 2 oclock).

Notes:

VERBAL