TABLE OF CONTENTS

Kebijaksanaan Kependudukan: Teori, Konsep, dan Penerapannya di Indonesia Tadjuddin Noer Effendi This paper discusses the theoretical, conceptual background of population policy in Indonesia. In particular, it discusses the theory that related to the population control especially the fertility and mortality. It also suggests that fertility can be reduced by implementing family planning program and to reduce infant mortality. The population problems are not only government care, but also public responsibility in order to save the environment for the next generation.

Kemajuan Perempuan: Beberapa Aspek Kependudukan dan Sosial Budaya Masri Singarimbun The Indonesian women have achieved substantial progress over the last few decades and their participation in education, family planning, the labor force, and public life is relatively high by Asian standards. Literacy of women has increased from 50.3 percent in 1971 to 78.6 percent in 1990; total fertility rates dropped from 5.6 in 1971 to 3.1 in 1991; infant mortality dropped from 143 in 1971 to 70 in 1985; female labor participation rates increased from 32.7 percent in 1980 to 39.2 percent in 1990; the ratio of male to female civil servants dropped from 3.6 in 1978 to 2.1 in 1990. The ratio

of male to female member of parliament in Indonesia is lower than Singapore, Malaysia, USA, and Japan. However, many problems should be overcome before Indonesian women become fully integrated in national life.

Dampak Kependudukan Terhadap Pemukiman Muhadjir Darwin Housing and its sanitation has been widely recognized as global human problem. Apart of the sources of problem is population, i.e. high rate of population growth and over urbanization. Using the Indonesian case, this paper discussed the relationship between population and housing. The population growth rate of Indonesia declined from 2.3 annually during the decade of 1971-1980 to 1.97 annually during the next decade. However, the average number of household members declined from 4.9 to 4.5 during the same period. As a result, the number of households increased substantially than the number of population. This phenomenon will affect the increase of the need of housing. In the meantime, the economic condition of Indonesian household could not complete with the soaring prices of housing. In addition, government capabilities to provide housing for the society are still very limited. The data available show the evidences on the scarcity of housing where the number of housing stock is smaller than the number of household. However, the number of housing stock has increased substantially, whereas, the difference between the number of households and the number of housing stock decreased consistently. These data indicate that productivity of housing market, particularly the informal one, is

considerably high, even though in reality of such housing is, in general, low.

Dampak Migrasi Sirkuler Terhadap Desa Asal Migran Sunarto Hs. This research was conducted in two villages at Gunung Kidul Regency. The aim was to identify the complexity of circular migration, selection of place of destination, economic activity and their earnings, remittances, and the impacts of remittances on their places of origin. The findings of this research: all remittances (money, goods, knowledge, experience, skills and ideas) had positive impacts on the village environment and in cultivating land. The village society had a positive perception on the circular migration, which eventually had been internalized.

Peningkatan Pendidikan Masyarakat Minahasa dan Dampaknya: Tinjauan Teori Ekonomi dan Sosial Helmut Weber According to statistical data, the participation of the Indonesian population in the formal educational sector is increasing rapidly. On the one hand, in terms of quantity, this increase reflects a significant success of the Indonesian development polity. But on the other hand, the more or less uncontrolled growing number of highly educated (which does not directly means highly skilled) people also contains a

multitude of problematical impacts on daily life, which are rarely discussed up to now. Based on a more quantitatively oriented case study, which has been carried out in the district Minahasa, North Sulawesi, we will discuss some aspects of social-economic change on the village level, mainly caused by the development of the educational sector. Among others, the following aspects will be scrutinized in detail: the aspiration of the village people, monopolized by formal education, education as an influential a) on monetarization of the household economy, b) on landdistribution, c) on employment problems and the composition of the local labor force, d) on spatial mobility, and e) on investment behavior on the household level. Beside these more economic items, some significant social impacts will also be discussed, such as the relation between education and individualization, the spatial distribution of the family members and its implications in terms of social; security, the differentiation of 'life-styles' and finally the alienation process between different generations.

Studi Perbandingan Ekonomi Regional Kalimantan Timur dan Riau Mubyarto A Financially constrained central government no longer has the capacity to fund major development projects throughout the country. Jakarta must look more to the regions ideas, money and initiaves. Reforms are required in regional authority, and in national programs-from rice to foods policies and transmigration-which have a regional impact.

The "unity" of the last twenty years of strong central government has to be complemented more effectively by the "diversity" which flows from a greater emphasis in regional initiative and self reliance.

Jurnal Populasi Pusat Studi Kependudukan dan Kebijakan Universitas Gadjah Mada Bulaksumur G-7 Yogyakarta 55281 populasi@cpps.or.id; populasi_cpps@yahoo.com