Mother-goddess cults defy Gods warning: Its common legacies from pre-historic times

By Dr.P.R. Palodhi All civilizations carry the legacies of ancient female deities which match the modern conception of a Mother goddess as part of their pantheons. Root of this tradition goes to unfathomable antiquity of non-linguistic stage of mankind (i.e. before development of alphabet) and then it continues to subsist in modern times via modes of mythological yarns - thereby making it in the truest sense a pagan culture. In our known post-Flood world, paganism includes all religions that deny revealed guidance of God in successive scriptures of Judaism, Zoroastrianism, Christianity and Islam. But humanitys quest for truth cannot ignore of pagan mythology for its apparent fallacies; because, falsehood rises by obscuring some truth knowledge of which could unravel the pagan mysteries ensuing from pre-Adamic and Adamic races of yore. With the advance of genetic research (fathers Y-chromosome and mothers mt-DNA) - investigations of remote ancestral roots are now possible. This article is not on human genetics, but reviews cults of Mother goddess by probing into the visible roots and its common legacies around the world; inheriting from pre-Adamic races how it takes turn after Nimrod and his mysterious queen Semiramis begin their kingdom and apostasy in post-Flood world. The Paleolithic period extends from 2.5 million years ago to the introduction of agriculture around 10,000 BC. Several small, corpulent figures have been found during archaeological excavations of the Upper Paleolithic, the Venus of Willendorf, perhaps, being the most famous. This sculpture is estimated to have been carved 24,00022,000 BC. The Venus of Berekhat Ram found at the Golan Heights is a Middle Paleolithic artifact of the later Acheulian, possibly was made by individuals identified as, Homo erectus (wikipedia). Mother goddesses are present in the earliest images discovered among the archaeological finds in ancient Egypt; it is estimated that the some early cultures that eventually became parts of ancient Egypt date back to 8000 BC and that occupation of the Nile Valley by modern hunter gatherer societies dates back 120 thousand years. Remotely ancient tradition of Mother goddesses persisted into historical times such as Hathor and Isis; Hathor absorbed this role from another cow goddess 'Mht wrt' ("Great flood") who was the mother of Ra in a creation myth and carried him between her horns. Advice from the oracles associated with these goddesses guided the pagan rulers of Egypt, and the tradition spread to other ancient cultures. One of the great goddesses of the ancient Mesopotamia is Inanna (the twin sister of Enki); her cults flourished in Bronze Age and then her legacy continued with alias Ishter, Astarte, Aphrodite and Venus. The mother of the legendary hero Gilgamesh was Ninsun who became the Mother goddess in later Mesopotamian mythology (Asherah in Canaan, Ashtart in Syria - the Hebrews knew her as Tamar (palm tree). In Indian context, Marshall finds the source of Mother goddess cult in a Harappan seals; the Rig Veda calls the deity, Mahimata (R.V. 1.164.33). The Harappan Magna Mater (Great Mother) was probably reflected in the later Vedic conception of Aditi, the mother of the gods. Her legacy continues in Hinduism till today by transferring goddess-hood to later age female icons. In China there have been several Mother goddesses. Si-wang-mu - the Royal Mother of the western Paradise of the Chinese, who lived eternally in the Jade Mountains, she kept the peaches of immortality in a magic orchard in the West that takes 3,000 years to come to fruit, during which time she tends them like a mother. Si-wang-mu may have been the same goddess as Si-mu of the oracle bones. Mat Chinoi is the serpent Mother goddess; and Shin-Mu is the Mother of perfect Intelligence. Kwan Yin ("Hearer of cries of the World") - another Mother goddess of China who often appeared as a Fish goddess; she is sometimes also depicted as male, especially in Japan, where she is called Kwannon, and

equated with the bodhisattva Avalokitesvara. Because of her popularity she was adopted into the Buddhist pantheon as a bodhisattva. Along with Buddhism, Guanyin's veneration was introduced into China as early as the 1st century CE, and reached Japan through Korea. Gunyn is a translation from the Sanskrit Avalokitasvara. In Inca mythology, we find Mother goddess Pachamama who is also worshiped in the Aboriginal ritual in some parts of Argentina, Chile, Bolivia and Peru. In Aztec mythology, Toci is the mother of the gods in pre-Columbian Aztec civilization of Meso-America. She is often associated with Tlazolteotl.

Indus goddess

Isis in Egypt

Kwan-Yin in China

Aphrodite in Greece

All pagan traditions of the world persistently maintained this antique cult by superimposing goddess-hood to their phenomenal matriarchs via mythical stories; thus Ninsun the mother of Gilgamesh (two-third god and one third man in Babylonian tablet) became the Mother goddess in general Mesopotamian mythology. They even wrote even erotic poems (e.g. Ninhursag and Inanna) all these in fact expose many matriarchal truths of pre-Adamic races. The cult of Isis/Hathor rises to great height in art, religion, and literature for a period over 2500 years [1]. The portrayal of Isis in the Egyptian style changed drastically as the Greek Ptolemaic empire (323-330 BC) adopted and exported the Isis cult to the Mediterranean world, to Greece, Rome, France, Germany, and as far as Poland, Spain, and Mesopotamia. Isis became rounder, more in keeping with the classical renderings of the Greeks and Romans. In the Aegean, Anatolian, and ancient Near Eastern culture zones, a Mother goddess was worshipped in the forms of Cybele. Wikipedia [2] informs that Cybele may have evolved from an Anatolian Mother goddess of a type found at atalhyk. The Greeks named her Matar, or from the early 5th century Cybele (revered in Rome as Magna Mater, the Great Mother), of Gaia, and of Rhea. Gaia is a primordial deity in the Ancient Greek pantheon and considered a Mother goddess One of the Homeric Hymns (7-6th century BC) is dedicated to Gaia Hymn to Gaia, Mother of All. Gaia's equivalent in the Roman mythology was Terra Mater or Tellus Mater. Thus for many thousands of years, Mother goddesses seem to have dominated prehistoric religions. It continued to prevail in post-Flood world by denying the Prophetic mission of Abraham. The 1929 discovery of the Ugarit tablets in Ras Shamra, Syria, enabled scholars to decipher that Athirat, of which Asherah is a dialectical variant, is described as the wife of El. The extent to which this particular form of worship had influenced and penetrated Judaism can be seen in Biblical mention itself: (2 Kings 17:16): And they forsook all the commandments of the lord their God, and made for themselves molten images of two calves; and they made an Asherah, and worshipped all the hosts of heaven, and served Baal.

A. PAGANISM OF MOTHER GODDESS AND THE SCRIPTURAL WARNING If we look into innumerable Mother goddesses and their cults in our civilizations we notice two successive courses in history. Former belongs to more ancient world; these remain largely obscured in archaeological relics (often with pictograms) found in Indus and neolithic South India, remotely ancient Egypt, East Asia (China, Japan etc) and meso-America etc. And the other belongs to newer world after development of writing; these come from newer generations in Egypt and Mesopotamia, Rome and Greece etc; in Indian subcontinent after advent of Vedic heritage; and in China/Japan following arrival of Buddhism. These later traditions often have tried to promote worship of the images of supreme Father-god, the Incarnate Female, or Queen of Heaven, and her son based upon common legacies inherited from the remote ancestors. Now coming to Bible, when it mentions Prophetic vision of a symbolic religious whore; it goes to focus upon Nimrods queen mother Semiramis - because Bible (and also Quran) is especially didactic for Adamic heritage. Revelation, (17:1-5): 1. And there came one of the seven angels which had the seven vials, and talked with me, saying unto me, come hither; I will shew unto thee the judgment of the great whore that sitteth upon many waters: 2. With whom the kings of the earth have committed fornication, and the inhabitants of the earth have been made drunk with the wine of her fornication. 3. So he carried me away in the spirit into the wilderness: and I saw a woman sit upon a scarlet coloured beast, full of names of blasphemy, having seven heads and ten horns. 4. And the woman was arrayed in purple and scarlet colour, and decked with gold and precious stones and pearls, having a golden cup in her hand full of abominations and filthiness of her fornication: 5. And upon her forehead was a name written, MYSTERY, BABYLON THE GREAT, THE MOTHER OF HARLOTS AND ABOMINATIONS OF THE EARTH. Origin of this symbolic religious whore goes into unfathomable antiquity she entices the nations of the earth to commit spiritual fornication, thereby proving she is a religious entity who exerts influence over the nations of earth through the power of religion. (Rev. 17:2). Historically, this symbolic religious whore came into existence in post-Flood world when the rebel Nimrod (a descendant of Ham) built a city in defiance of God and named it Babel (Genesis 10: 8-10). The name Nimrod comes from the word, marad, meaning he rebelled. Nimrod married his own mother, Semiramis (of unknown ethnic origin). Legend has it that the ancient cult (Mystery Babylon) has been started by Nimrod and his queen Semiramis, and spread among all of the nations. Eventually Nimrod was put to death for his evil deeds. Nimrod was killed in Egypt, which was part of his empire at that time and according to the ancient patriarchal system, parts of his body were sent to various cities as a warning. But his body cut into pieces turned into a pagan cult and kept alive in other parts of the world by superimposing the legend upon other gods/goddesses of respective paganism. Egyptian developed myths by relating dismemberment of Osiris in 14 parts representing 14 days of the month when moon is waning and suns light in it is dying. Osiris body parts were said to have been retrieved and buried in separate places by Isis. In India, myths have been concocted by relating Shiva and his wife Sati; she was consumed by rage against her father for loathing Shiva and immolated herself. Angry Shiva performed the fearsome dance with Sati's charred body on his shoulders. During this

dance, her body was dismembered into 51 pieces which fell on earth at various places which became major centers of pilgrimage now. Nimrod was killed on a Friday; intriguingly on every Friday, a young boy was sacrificed to the goddess Kali until 1835 in the main temple of Calcutta; and the similar practice was noticed in Bhadsvara temple at Thanjavus in South India. To commemorate Nimrods death, a forty-day period of mourning was instituted by his wifemother. This legend grew again with the cult of Bacchus, meaning, the Lamented one. After Nimrod died, Semiramis claimed Nimrod was the sun-god. She later had a child, Tammuz, whom she claimed was Nimrod reborn, supernaturally conceived, the promised seed, the savior. Semiramis developed a religion of mother and child worship. Symbols were used to develop a mystery religion. Since Nimrod was believed to be the sun-god (Baal), fire was considered his earthly representation. In other forms, Nimrod was symbolized by sun images, fish, trees, pillars, and animals. Tammuz, son of the sun-god, was represented by the golden calf. In Ephesus, Semiramis was worshipped as the great mother Diana, the many-breasted goddess. And so it was, that mankind followed this religion of worshipping the mere creation (creature) rather than the Creator (Romans 1:21-26). Whether or not the Nimrod-SemiramisTammuz legends are completely historical or not - is immaterial. Important is the result: in newer world, different versions of pagan myths began to emerge with commonalities, for they all came from Babylon. This particular pagan cult was the beginning of Satans church in post-Flood world. The object this cult was to deny God by establishing the worships the images of supreme Father-god, the Incarnate Female, or Queen of Heaven, and her son. This cult proceeds in different traditions with braggart claims of the highest levels of wisdom and divine secrets, and engages in the practice of numerous mysterious rites. In Bible we find that Revelation 17 concludes by stating that the woman which thou sawest is that great city, which reigneth over the kings of the earth. The Prophetic portrayal of the scarlet-clad woman sitting on the beast (i.e., mountains; empires) that has seven heads indicates her dominating (via idolatry, astrology, sorceries, witchcraft and drags etc). She dominated the Babylonian Empire (Daniel 2:2); the Egyptian Empire (Exodus 7:11, 22) (Exodus 8:7, 18) (II Timothy 3:8); and ancient Assyrian Empire (Nahum 3:4). The Persian Empire held occult beliefs; and the Grecian Empire, where many ancient temple sites dedicated to idolatry still remain; and the Roman Empire likewise was dominated by idolatries and occult pagan beliefs and rituals. This form of mother-child worship was followed throughout all Asia and the world (Acts 19:27). Each nation though has different goddess-names, but essentially these are to uphold her cult. Many pagan religions had mother and child worship, whether Devaki - Krishna or Durga Ganesha/kartika (India), or Isis and Horus in Egypt, or Venus or Fortuna and Jupiter in Rome. The Roman Christianity is said to have adopted her cult from old Ligurian paganism existing in the autochthons like Etruscans etc and Buddhist influence also helped paganization of Christianity. This cult largely suppressed during the Christian period, after St. Augustine (354-430 CE) devotes to attacking her worship in The city of God against the Pagans (VII, 24). But she emerged again after 19th century became aware of many contemporary tribal peoples worshipping the Earth as a female deity. Modern pagan brilliance tried to mesh this idea with Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by introducing a controversy about early matriarchal stage in human evolution. In our present world this cult is being tendered under the spell of Illuminati - the super-secret group who have been the overlords of the human race from the Babylonian era to the present, through their control of wealth, suppression of knowledge and invention of false religions. Perversion of Heavens Truth: Legacies of ancient Mother goddesses are being continued by the modern pagan geniuses under pretexts of Earth mother and Fertility goddess whereby they try to tell about the

feminine aspect of Divine. This pagan notion is utter violation of what God has revealed for mankind: God is the Creator, and He neither begets nor was begotten. The stars, earth, animals, Jinns and humankind etc are nothing more than His creations. Femininity, mother hood, reproduction, excretion and aging etc are mere aspects of biological process limited only to earthly creatures. God has created females in this earth primarily for the purpose of multiplying living beings. In Heaven there is no female to give birth. God reveals His Name in masculine gender in Bible and Quran. In Bhagabat Gita also God is Purusha (but Hindu paganism defies this by manipulating a version of Devi-Gita with mytho-logical background for the manifestation of the goddess in their framed story). In the Quran (sura an-Najm: 27) God has warned that those who call even the Angels as female are blasphemous. Hence ascribing such Femininity to the Creator God or heavenly aspects is only perversion of Heavens Truth. God reveals in Quran: Verily unto us belong the End and the Beginning. Therefore do I warn you of a Fire blazing fiercely. None shall burn therein but those most unfortunate ones - who give the lie to Truth and turn their backs. (Quran, 92: 13) Paganism rejects that God reveals truth to His chosen Prophets because their fancied gods and goddesses are incapacitated to reveal universal truths of Creation. Hence paganism invented countless odd creation-myths across the ancient world. And this trend continues in modern times, whereby willy-nilly sages, mystics, bards and philosophers relentlessly cook up pagan rasas (religiose pleasure) - being parasitic upon the vitality of both Prophetic and nonProphetic religious symbols / words or phenomenal religious icons of yore in tradition. How such vagaries deny the sacred truths of God could be noticed in a living Mother goddess cults of Hinduism where they obfuscate Shivas truth by fancying him as cosmos itself and his consort Durga (who according to tradition is the mother of two sons, Ganesha and Karttikeya, and two daughters) as the empowering and protective nature of motherhood. Thus masculine potential is actualized by feminine dynamism, embodied in multitudinous goddesses who are ultimately all manifestations of the One Great Mother. From Durgas forehead sprang Kali (literally darkness and also time) who turns into their local goddess. And they fancy Kali as the primordial energy as power of Time, literally, the "creator or doer of time" -- her first manifestation. After time, she manifests as "space", as Tara (star), from which point the further creation of material universe progresses. Thus their divine Mother, Devi Adi parashakti, manifests herself in various forms, representing the universal creative force. She becomes Mother Nature (Mula Prakriti), who gives birth to all life forms as plants, animals, and she sustains and nourishes them through her body, that is the earth with its animal life, vegetation, and minerals. Ultimately she re-absorbs all life forms back into herself, or "devours" them to sustain herself as the power of death feeding on life to produce new life. She also gives rise to Maya (the illusory world) and to prakriti, the force that galvanizes the divine ground of existence into self-projection as the cosmos. The Earth itself is manifested by Parvati, Durga's previous incarnation. Dismissing the Prophets and universal Message of God pagan eloquences exalted in Hinduism by claiming that: Maha-devi is both the unity underlying all female deities and a magnificent divine being, and in some contexts she is identified with ultimate reality - Brahman. Let us have more insights from broader aspect of Mother-goddess cults by taking accounts of both Hinduism and other pagan traditions of the world.

B. THE COMMON LEGACIES OF MOTHER- GODDESS CULTS Uninterrupted flow of myth-mania remained the constant trend all over the pagan world by changing its perspective and even transmuting one god-hood into another with different plot structures, contradictory characterizations and proliferation of alternative meanings etc. A careful look into this episode reveals that amidst oddities and incompatibilities between pagan myths, math and metaphors of different Mother goddesses - there is an inherent link between old and new worlds pagan heritages; because both ancient and modern pagan geniuses continued to bank upon the foundation of some common legacies: Female figurines nursing infant Headless Mother goddesses (with legs raised upward). Fertility symbols of vulva (Yoni) and phallus (Linga). Heroine image - a goddess of war connected to felines. And their denial of God (kufr) proceeds by equating earthly Mother goddess with the astral phenomena.

(I). FEMALE FIGURINES NURSING INFANT: Significant to both the pre-Indo-European period to and to the cultures of ancient Near East and Egypt is the preeminent role that the female mother figure plays in relation to the child which she is nursing.

Isis nursing Horus, wearing the headdress of Hathor.

From the classical Vinca site (Yugoslavia) a headless female figure in sculpted in terracotta (5000-4000 BC) was found holding an infant as it nurses at her breast [3]. In Sardinia the seated robed prehistoric woman was found with up stretched right hand, holding a child two-thirds her size on her lap. Her left hand covers her right breast, with her left breast at his chin [4]. In Ancient near east, snake-headed figurine (Obeid epoch, 4000-3500 BC) of a standing woman holding her nursing infant as it clasps her breast was made from terracotta [5]. In the ancient Near East, however, the image begins to distinguish itself from nursing babies to nursing boys and grown men; from the mundane physical feeding of an immature infant to the sacral metaphysical nourishment of princes and kings. In Mesopotamia we first see the breast used as an overt sexual symbol as a woman offers her adult male-partner her breast [6]. From Etruria was recovered an adoption scene on the back of an Etruscan ivory mirror of Hera (Juno) enthroned nursing the adult man Herakles (Hercules) at her breast, and others observing [7]. In

later course of history, in Egypt and in Europe, the infant becomes more and more the central focus in the nursing dyad. This is evidenced by the coming of written language and the literature that it created, especially in the ancient Near East, with primary characters such as Inanna and Ishtar. From the necropolis of Megara, Greece, a so-called mother goddess, enthroned and headless, nursing two infants in swaddling clothes, dated from around 580-525 BC [8]. As we come to east Asia, in Japan we find Yama Uba nursing Kintoki; in China: Kuan Yin nursing an infant. In India: Yashoda nursing Krishna or Krishna suckling at Putana's breast.

(II). HEADLESS & LEGS UPWARD MOTHER GODDESSES: The largest Neolithic town hatel Huyuk of Near East, dates from almost 7500 years ago (with figurines of the goddess of fertility) provide us with new insights about the beginning of the headless Mother goddess cult. Such figurines are recovered in abundance and plenitude from excavations in different parts of the world. These female figures are fat and buxom, with large hips. They are sometimes depicted as giving birth and her hands rested between two lions or leopards. Lions or leopards are often found next to the goddess or carried on her shoulders or worn as garments. Such Mother goddesses are also found from the headless Cycladia images from Europe and in the portrayal of faceless Venus from Willendorf in the European Upper Paleolithic Mesolithic complex (Sankalia) [9]. Also at Hagar Qim in a chamber to the left of the entrance were found seven of the classic headless goddesses, including the so-called Venus of Malta (photos below).

Headless goddess of atalhyk

Headless of Venus of Malta

The faceless venus of Willendorf

As with nearly all paleolithic and neolithic images, in Gradac, central Yugoslavia, from the classical Vinca site, the headless female figurine holding an infant as it nurses at her breast sculpted in terracotta, dated 5000-4000 BC [3, op.cit]. Similar headless, seated, and nursing pair was recovered from the Dimini period at Sesklo near Volos, Thessaly in eastern Greece, dating from approximately 4000 BC [10]. These are not childs toys because legacies of headless and legs upward goddesses have continued around the world, and remained vibrant till today in Hinduism. The Rig-Veda (VI.59.6) mentions in this context about Dawn as wandering headless or moving having left her head. This headless Nairti described in the Vedic literature have close resemblance with the unbaked clay figurine of a headless Mother Goddess found at the Chalcolithic site of Inamgaon. (Agrawal, pp. 97-99) [11]. The deep rooted mysteries of this headless Mother goddess are

further aggravated in Indian context when legs upraised images of Lajjagauri come out at places like Aihole group of monument. Similar images, sculpted as recently as the 19th century, can still be found in Rajasthan, a part of the region belonging to ancient Harappan Civilization. In view of the large number of figurines found in the Indus valley, it has been widely suggested that the Harappan people worshipped a Mother goddess, afterwards the Vedic tradition depicts it as Devi in her form as Aditi whose legacy continue to persist still today (Amma, Kali, Chandi, Lajja Gauri, Adya Shakti, Matangi, Renuka, Jugulamba, Mesko, Nagnakabandha, Yellammanna, Dhundhi Raksasi and many others) under various pretexts ranging from Sakti cult to fertility symbol. She is the most ancient goddess-form in the religious complex that is referred today in Hinduism.
Head-less mother goddess Lajja Gauri of Indian temples

This is a stone sculpture of Lajja Gaur from the Sangameshwara Temple, Kudavelli, Kurnool District, Andhra Pradesh, India, 650 CE, now in the Alampur Museum.

Stone sculpture of Lajja Gauri Naganatha Temple, Bijapur Dist, Karnataka, now in Badami Museum. India

Marshall [12] found the source of this cult in a Harappan sealing, wherein a nude female figure was depicted upside down with the legs stretched and with a plant emerging from her womb, which shows her relation to the fertility cult. The religious historian N.N. Bhattacharyya also refers [13] to a seal unearthed at Harappa, showing a nude female figure, head downwards and legs stretched upwards, with a plant issuing out of her womb, which according to him may be a proto Aditi/Lajja Gauri figure. This legs spread mother goddess (uttanapad) shown in the picture has clear allusion in Rig Veda. The Rigveda calls the deity Mahimata (R.V. 1.164.33) - a term which literally means Great Mother. Rig Veda (10.72.3-4): In the first age of the gods, existence was born from non-existence. The quarters of the sky were born from her who crouched with legs spread. The earth was born from her, who crouched with legs spread, And from the earth the quarters of the sky were born. In discussing the seal (and the wealth of other apparent goddess figurines associated with Harappan civilization), Bhattacharyya posits that in the pre-Vedic religion of India, a great mother goddess, the personification of all the reproductive energies of nature, was worshiped The Harappan Magna Mater (Great Mother) was thought to be a goddess of yore even in the Rig Veda itself. And indeed, the Vedic description of Aditi does suggest a rather comprehensive deity: Aditi is the sky Aditi is the air Aditi is all gods... Aditi is the Mother, the Father, and Son

Aditi is whatever shall be born. (Rig Veda, I.89.10) Bhattacharyya concludes, Aditi was the most ancient mother of the gods, whose original features (had become) obscure even in the Vedic age. During the 6th to 12th centuries CE, in fact, the cult of Aditi/Lajja Gauri grew prodigiously; Her images proliferated in central India -both in small terra cotta figures for use in home shrines, and in large (even life-size) stone sculptures for richly endowed temples. We have more insights in the written accounts of Hinduism and Buddhism. Wikipedia informs that: Chinnamast (Sanskrit: , "She whose head is severed"), is one of the Mahavidyas, ten Tantric goddesses and a ferocious aspect of Devi, the Hindu divine Mother. Her hundred-name hymn and thousand-name hymn describe her fierce nature and wrath. The names describe her as served by ghosts and as gulping blood. She is pleased by human blood, human flesh and meat, and worshipped by body hair, flesh and fierce mantras [14]. Chhinnamast is popular in Tantric and Tibetan Buddhism.

The Buddhist Chinnamunda

A tale tells, two Mahasiddha sisters, Mekhala and Kankhala, who cut their heads, offered them to their guru and then danced. The goddess Vajrayogini also appeared in this form and danced with them. Another story recalls princess Lakshminkara, who was a previous incarnation of a devotee of Padmasambhava, cut off her head as a punishment from the king and roamed with it in the city, where citizens extolled her as Chinnamunda-Vajravarahi. While Sadhanamala calls the goddess Sarvabuddha ("all-awakened"), with the attendants Vajravaironi and Vajravarnini, the Hindu Tantrasara calls her Sarvasiddhi ("all-accomplished") with attendants Dakini, Vaironi and Varnini. Shankaranaraya attribute her to Vedic antecedents. Shakta Maha-Bhagavata Purana narrates the creation of all Mahavidyas including Chhinnamast, Sati, the daughter of Daksha and the first wife of the god Shiva. Other legends replace Sati with Parvati, the second wife of Shiva and reincarnation of Sati or Kali, the chief Mahavidya, as the wife of Shiva and origin of the other Mahavidyas. Sometimes, Kamadeva-Rati is replaced by the divine couple of Krishna and Radha. Chhinnamast stands in a fighting posture on the love-deity couple of Kamadeva (Kama) a symbol of sexual lust and his wife Rati, who are engrossed in copulation with the latter usually on the top (viparita-rati sex position). Sometimes, Chhinnamast is depicted as four-armed, and without the copulating couple. She is holding the sword with dripping blood in her upper right hand, a breaded head identified with Brahma in the lower one. Her upper left hand carries her own severed head. Chhinnamast standing on a copulating couple of Kamadeva and Rati is interpreted as a symbol of self-control of sexual

desire or sexual energy. Her names like Yogini and Madanatura ("one who has control on Kama") convey her yogic control and restraint on sexual energy. Often we find lotus part above the neck, instead of a human head, this has mention in Vishnudharmottara too (3, 82, 8): devyascha mastake padmamtatha karyamn Manoharam, saubhagyam tad vijanihi (Sharma) [15]. With the passage of time, Brahminical genius invented many fold cults to suit the need of more popular pagan rasa; thus ancient cult of mother goddess found a way to become parasitic upon Shivas consort Durga after falsifying their images into Maha-deva and Maha-devi. In reality Shiva was never a deva; the seer of Saiva Siddhanta says: The Lord, Shiva unknown to devas all and to the three and thirty three. Pnini sutra (V, 2.76) informed that Shiva was outside the Vedic religion; and he was on the side of Asuras priest Sukra during religious wars between deva and asura clans (in Tamil texts e.g. Vedapuristhalapurana and Kancippuranam & also Brahminical account). The similar pagan twist could be noticed after the conquest by Catholic Spain, when the image of Pachamama was masked by the Virgin Mary, behind whom she is invoked and worshiped in the Aboriginal ritual in some parts of Argentina, Chile, Bolivia and Peru [16]. Greek and Roman statues of Isis and Horus are known to have been worshipped as images of the Virgin Mary and her child Jesus up through the 15th century of the Common Era. The uttanapad image of mother goddess (see below the pictures of Pachamama and Sheela na Gig) could be traced in other parts of pagan world; the indigenous peoples of the Andes worship the fertility goddess Pachamama who is also found in Inca mythology.

Pachamama

Sheela na Gig

Likewise Sheela na Gig is a common stone carving found in Romanesque styles originated in Normandy, the figures are scattered throughout Europe including Ireland, Great Britain, France, Spain, Switzerland, Norway, Belgium and in the Czech Republic. Their meaning is not clearly identifiable as Christian, and may be a concept that survived from ancient forms of yoni worship where prostitution was widely practiced in the temples of pagan goddess. As we turn to Ishtar, Astarte, and Cybele, all had their male and female prostitutes, their Galli. Josiah had to cleanse the temple of Yahweh of their booths (cf. the Qedishim and Kelabim, Deut., xxiii, 17; II Kings, xxiii, 7; cf. I Kings, xiv, 24; xv, 12).

(III). FERTILTY SYMBOLS WITH VULVA (YONI) AND PHALLUS (LINGA): To uphold Mother goddess cult all pagan religions had to invent continuous myths of parallel Phallicism in different traditions. The ideas behind pagan phallicism particularly come from the

papyruses recovered in pyramids: where there is one which represents the sky and the other one earth that is engaged in the act of copulation [17]. The beams of sun were into her wombs and produce [18]. Thus the earth and the sun stand as male and female partners. The beam is supposed to be with male part penis, the rains were taken to be semen which the earth absorbs; in this case, the two counterparts that stood out tangibly were the phallus (shishna, i.e. penis) and the vulva (Yoni) and eventually they turned into a religious phenomenon all over pagan world. In the 1st century BC, Tacitus recorded such rites amongst the Germanic tribes focused on the goddess Nerthus, whom he calls Terra Mater, Mother Earth. Umai, also known as Ymai or Mai, is the mother goddess of the Turkic Siberians who is depicted as having sixty golden tresses that resemble the rays of the sun. She is thought to have once been identical with Ot of the Mongols. The pagan Fertility symbols existed in all ancient civilizations like India, China, Sumeria, Egypt, and Babylon; and this is more exposed and vivid in the cults of Aphrodite, Artemis & Demeter, Gaea and Athone etc. Hinduism had even a tradition of adoration of Yoni (see picture) as revealed in a carved stone at Sixty-four Yogini Temple at Bheragat, Madhya Pradesh.

Adoration of the yoni, a scene carved below the image of a goddess at the Sixty-four Yogini Temple, Bheragat. Madhya Pradesh, 12th century, stone

Profoundly meticulous work of Asko Parpola (p. 213, op.cit) has shown the proceedings of Fertility symbol in Hinduism. He particularly brings into light the Indus priest-kings clock, decorated all over with designs of trefoil (3 leaflets, or 3 lobed) in relief. The trefoils depict the stars. The priest kings garment with trefoils indicates that it was beautified with designs of sacred stars of heaven. When such sacred garment is used in Prophetic tradition it could mean obedient servant of God in a place of prayer. But it all changes when Paganism becomes parasitic upon imports of Prophetic tradition and invents ways of pagan worships where the

Priest king in trefoiled garment

Mohenjodaro (Sd 767); trefoil-decorated bull

star (and also the fish) sign in cuneiform denotes divinity. The pagan Sumerian bulls with trefoils represent the Bull of Heaven, this is frequently found in bull statuettes from Uruk (3500-3200 BC) to Jemdet Nasr period (3100-2900 BC) and Third Dynasty of Ur (2100-2000 BC). Oppenheim [19] analyzed the cuneiform texts and monumental evidence relating to the golden garments of the gods and divine kings. The very religious theme of such decorative garment have metamorphosed in pagan Babylonian tradition, we find an astrologer quoting some ritual text as follows: the 16th and 17th day a bull shall be slaughtered before Nabu, the 18th day he (god) shall be clad in AN.MA. The logograms AN.MA (as well as their Akkadian gloss nalba am) literally denote garment of the sky. In Mahbhrata (2, 9, 6), Vedic god Varuna wears celestial jewellery and attire, adorned with celestial ornaments. In Vedic religion, above trpya garment, the fireplace and the Apabharani star all go to symbolize womb or female organ; and Harappan religion also shares womb symbolism with trefoil motif. Apparently an odd introduction of yoni or womb idea in trefoils astral symbolism served a purpose to revitalize the Mother goddess cult of Harappan and Vedic paganism. About ten trefoil pattern stands have been described in Mohenjo Daro, and they have been compared to round stand of later Hindu iva-lingas (image of Shivas phallus) representing yoni (the valva or womb of the goddess). Obscuring truths of pre-Vedic Shiva, later Hinduism invented various mythifications of Shivas father god image in phallic (linga) cult alongside his consort Durgas mother goddess image in yoni cult. Here usurpation of pagan falsehood gets exposed when Patanjali, in his commentary on Pnini sutra (IV, 3. 98-99), informs that linga was not an object of adoration in Shivas image; it was unknown even in the time of Shiva devotee Wema Kadphises whose coins were conspicuous by the total absence of phallus [20]. But later we find that Baudhayana Shrauta-Sutra is prescribing the installation of a bull-shaped image on altar; and there is ample evidence that altar construction was a source of some of the features of Saivism [21]. Picture below shows 'Shiva linga' with its symbolism in present Hinduism.

(IV). A HEROINE IMAGE GODDESS OF WAR CONNECTED TO FELINES: Again in Anatolia, the Neolithic settlement dated from 7500 BC, hatel Huyuk, also provided the evidence of worship of a Mother goddess flunked by two lionesses. One figure of a deity, depicted standing between two lionesses, exists among those on one of the earliest paintings found among the Naqada Culture (hatel Huyuk). Then we find that Sumerian queen, InannaIshter is inflating as a goddess of war connected to felines, whose cult appears to have spread all over the ancient Near East (and the Aegean) from Neolithic Anatolia; and from Western Asia towards the Iranian plateau and the Greater Indus valley. A statue of Elamite goddess Narunde discovered at Susa dated 2220 BC shows her with two lions and a star as her attributes.

Mother goddess flanked by two lionesses 6000 BC), hatel Huyuk, Turkey)

Inanna - standing with two winged lions (2000 BC).

A goddess associated with the lion appears also in several seals of the Bronze Age culture of Bactria dated to 1900-1700 BC. The Egyptians under the Ptolemies at Edfu depicted Ashtoreth as a lion-headed goddess. Cybele is also found in her chariot by lions towards a votive sacrifice with the sun god and heavenly objects.

Cybele. Plaque from Ai Khanoum, Bactria (Afghanistan), 2nd century BC

Little is known of her oldest Anatolian cults - other than her association with mountains, hawks and lions. Her Phrygian cult was adopted and adapted by Greek colonists of Asia Minor, and spread from there to mainland Greece and its more distant western colonies from around the 6th century BC. She was partially assimilated to aspects of the Earth-goddess Gaia, her Minoan equivalent Rhea. Rhea only appears in Greek art from the 4th century BC, when her iconography draws on that of Cybele; the two are therefore often indistinguishable; both can be shown on a throne flanked by lions or on a chariotdrawn by two lions. Athenians evoked her as a protector but her most celebrated Greek rites and processions show her as an essentially foreign, exotic mystery-goddess, who arrives in a lion-drawn chariot to the accompaniment of wild music, wine, and a disorderly, ecstatic following.

Ishtar of Mesopotamia

Durga of Hinduism

This feline riding mother goddess cult is now a thing of past in most part of the world, but it continues to enjoy phenomenal importance in religion vis--vis the social, political, and intellectual life of India where it continues to flourish by transferring ancient myths upon more popular local goddesses of later ages. After extensive research on archaeological findings world over, Asko Parpola (p. 213) has notified that: discoveries show that Harappan traditions, apparently with all their associated symbolism, were taken over by the Bronze Age culture of Bactria and brought back to the Indus Valley around the 1900 BC. Asko Parpola reported: a goddess of war riding a tiger is found in cylinder seal of Kalibangan; the ancient mother goddess cult of Harappa was continuing under gise of different images (Amma, Kali, Chandi, Ambika, Adya Shakti and Matangi etc) which eventually transferred to Shivas consort Durga. She was mythified as war goddess carrying various weapons and riding a ferocious lion or tiger, battling or slaying Mahishasura, the buffalo demon. Durgas buffalo killing myth happens to be only a pretext to defame the name of Asura the name of Supreme God early Rig Veda and Avesta. After conflict with fellow Avestan brothers, later Vedic heritage rejected their once Supreme God Asura by maligning His name and vilifying Asura-worshipping people as demons. Rig Veda clearly attested that Vedic heritage turned towards polytheistic worship of devas like Indra, Varuna etc even by equating them with Asura. Mythopoeia of Mahisasuramardini began from early Kusana times; the most important account of full myth is that of the Devi-Mahatma, forming chapters 79-80 of the Markandeya Purana. None of the textual versions is older than the 500 AD (Asko Parpola, pp. 254-272, op.cit). Parpolas work has shown how this myth was but a borrowed version of an ancient cult of tiger/lion riding war-goddess by changing plot structure. More ancient Mesopotamian goddess of war Ishter is associated with lion holding her tripartite sceptre (like Durgas trident), and a fish is very often placed closed to her (like fish-eyed goddess Minks of South India) which constitute so called eye seed (netrabja) formulae of Durga connected with her three eyes; she is said to have emerged from these seeds to kill the Buffalo demon (Klik-Purana 61, 2-11). V. EQUATIONS BETWEEN MOTHER GODDESSES AND ASTRAL PHENOMENA: Since remote antiquity different pagan generations have promoted the cults their Mother goddesses by drawing equations with astral phenomena. Question arises how could they have access to knowledge of those stars and constellations several millennia before advent of modern science? In this context God has revealed in the Quran: stealing information from celestial orbits and a Zodiacal sign was the habit of pre-human Jinn race by which they could develop charms of astrology, psychic magic etc and subdue mankind. Jinns by virtue of their

fire-based origin were capable of celestial movements. Hence we find that ancient civilizations are possessing amazing information about constellations and heavenly affairs. But their pilfered knowledge was only partial, because, in such celestial ventures many had been destroyed by the flaming fires (i.e. comets) of Divinely protected heaven (Quran, 15; 16-18; 67:5). This has been corroborated by the mention of Aztec calendar stone: If a comet, or star that smokes, appeared in the sky, it foretold the death of their noble person. From pagan Jinns later human followers inherited the unfair tradition of astrological astronomy which in fact divorces man from the ways of Divine; firstly, by associating origin of the world, functions of the heavenly bodies, geophysical features and the natural forces of earth with the demigods, heroes, and spirits etc. And secondly, such traditions bestowed power upon the pagan gods and celestial stars to decide the destiny of man and societies, rather than laws of God to give man the power to learn and use natural phenomena beneficially. The inadequate knowledge of astrological astronomy delivered to man proves to be out of the religious contexts and twisted more with falsehoods than straightened with truth. The pre-human Jinn race tended to exalt as gods and goddesses as if they are the determining principles of universe. In this pursuit mystery, abstraction, confusion and falsehood hold their keys. Some scholars have cautioned that the Akashic records are kept in the astral by chief Anunnaki agents, who often modify, re-write and tamper with them to suit their purposes. Notable protagonist of Pagan religion H.P. Blavatsky says it is the language in which the oldest book in the world was written and the tongue whence she translated the many volumes of Kiu-Ti and The Stanzas of Dyzan. They believe that universal script might have been brought from Venus by the Kumaras. It embodied in its characters the original circle, triangle, cross, tau, pentagram, swastika, etc. The most ancient language in the world was known to all initiates from Atlantis to Maya to Egypt, India and China. Researchers now have discovered many of the Pagan pillars called Runic stones - every Rune in different languages had separate and original meaning, which didnt fully coincide with another one in the second language. Modern linguists think that Runes posses another kind of meaning, which we cannot find in ideograms, hieroglyphs or in modern exotic alphabets this meaning exists in sub-consciousness level. This pre-human tradition operated before advent of modern science. By interpreting nearly every earthly event with their pilfered partial knowledge of constellations they could easily mesmerize later human generations. Here God reveals that: it is not those pagan gods or Jinns, rather human (Insaan) is chosen as the vicegerent for this earth (Quran, 2:30; 38:26). Hence we find that Jinns days on earth are becoming limited gradually by way of increasing the human population and raising certain spheres of human instinct and intellect. But pagan heritages inherited the legacies of Jinn race which they continued to update with modern knowledge in order to uphold pagan gods and goddesses in different civilizations. Let us have a look into their modus operandi. (i) Inannas equation with planet Venus and the legacy continues: Phenomenal Sumerian goddess Inanna (the twin sister of Enki) was associated in ancient time with the celestial planet Venus. There are hymns to Inanna as her astral manifestation. It also is believed that in many myths about Inanna, including Inanna's Descent to the Underworld and Inanna and Shukaletuda, her movements correspond with the movements of Venus in the sky. Such allegory was drawn because, the erratic movements of Venus relate to both mythology as well as Inanna's erratic nature [22]. Inanna's Descent to the Underworld explains how Inanna is able to, unlike any other deity, descend into the netherworld and return to the heavens. The planet Venus appears to make a similar descent, setting in the West and then rising again in the East.

In Inanna and Shukaletuda we find, in search of her attacker, Inanna makes several movements throughout the myth that correspond with the movements of Venus in the sky. An introductory hymn explains Inanna leaving the heavens and heading for Kur, what could be presumed to be, the mountains, replicating the rising and setting of Inanna to the West. Shukaletuda also is described as scanning the heavens in search of Inanna, possibly to the eastern and western horizons [22]. Like Venus, Inanna seems unpredictable in her actions, being both the goddess of love and war, having both masculine and feminine qualities, and occasionally having temper tantrums. Venus moves rather irregularly across the sky, and never travels all the way across the dome of the sky as most celestial bodies do, instead, Venus rises in the East and the West in both the morning and evening [23]. Because of Venus's erratic movements (it disappears behind the sun from 903 days at a time and then reappears on the other horizon), some cultures did not recognize Venus as single entity, but rather two separate stars on each horizon as the morning and evening star. The Mesopotamians, however, most likely understood that the planet was one entity. A Cylinder seal from the Jemdet Nasr Period expresses the knowledge that both morning and evening stars were the same celestial entity [22]. Mesopotamian literature, however, takes this comparison one step further, explaining Inanna's physical movements in mythology as similar to the movements of Venus in the sky. Inanna was also associated with the eastern fish of the last of the zodiacal constellations, Pisces. Her consort Dumuzi was associated with the contiguous first constellation, Aries [24]. Elamite goddess Narunde (at Susa dated 2220 BC), with two lions and a star was associated with the planet Venus. And likewise Old Iranian and Vedic goddess of victory Anahita was also denoted by the planet Venus. Hinduism updated ancient pagan legacy by transferring goddesshood to Sivas consort Durga alias Kali. When Hinduism invented equation between goddess Durga and Kali, again they connected her with Venus; for example until 1835, a young boy was sacrificed to the goddess in the main Kali temple of Calcutta every Friday, a day of the planet Venus, and the same practice is reported in Kali shrine of the Bhadsvara temple at Thanjavus in South India. Venus and its femininity: Since remote antiquity, different pagan traditions are found to associate the planet Venus, burning brightly as the morning star with womanhood and with love. The ancient Mesopotamians associated it with Inanna (Ishtar), their queenly goddesses of fertility and feminine wiles. The Greeks and Romans associated it with their goddesses Aphrodite and Venus, the latter of whom it gets its name directly of. This pagan legacy continued in modern usages by considering planet Venus as the only feminine planet in our solar system and only the moons of our planets as female figures; the rest of the planets are named after male mythological figures. But such notion of femininity does not comply with the tradition of God. In Arabic, the language of God's Final Revelation, moon is masculine noun and sun is feminine noun. Thus claim of Venus' femininity is mere a pagan fancy which neither has any scientific base, nor comply with God's Revelation. But to days' humanity lives mostly under the spells of pagan fancies. Venus the morning star: The morning star is in fact the planet Venus (positioned very close to earth) which only appears at Dawn. The morning star is an appearance of the planet Venus, meaning that its orbit lies between that of the Earth and the Sun. The planet Venus is the light bringer, the first radiant beam that does away with the darkness of night. It can be seen in the eastern morning sky for an hour or so before the sun rises. But when Venus is following the Sun, she is known in Latin as Vesperus, the evening star. Venus has a long history in pagan cultures. Venus is considered the star of the show for its maximum brightness. She is the Roman goddess of love and beauty; to the Chaldeans, Venus was Ishtar, the Mother, the

goddess of Fertility [25]; the Egyptians "worshipped [her] in the effigy of a bull" [26]; the Greeks worshipped her as Athene etc; and Venus was also called "the star of lamentation." [26]. On the other hand, it was the god hated by the Biblical Prophets, it was also Baal of the Canaanites and of the Northern Kingdom of the Ten Tribes, also Beelzebub or Baal Zevuv, or Baal of the fly [26]. Lucifer was the name given to morning star that precedes the rising sun. In Christianity, the morning star, i.e. Venus rising has been associated with dark forces devil relating to Ahriman, Seth, Lucifer (the names equivalent of Satan). Alexander Hislop in "The Two Babylons" [27] explained how Venus represented Nimrod's queen/mother Semiramis, and that her son as Cupid; she is described as the queen of Babylon and the mother of the gods. He also states that sometimes Nimrod was represented as a lion and that Venus in her guise as Astarte was sometimes portrayed as standing on a lion or drawn by lions. Astarte, or Easter in her various forms, is the Mother goddess and was associated with her son-lover as Lord which is the meaning of Baal, Adonis etc. As the Heavenly Virgin or Mother goddess figure, she featured in the symbolism of the golden calf that led Israel astray at Sinai under Moses. In this Trinity of the Star, the Sun and the Moon, we see her as goddess of sensual love as evening star (hence, also Venus) and goddess of war as morning star. This war role was attributed to Aphrodite. She is related to the Moon god Sin and is linked in association with the Sun as the third member of the Trinity. The festivals are tied to this symbolism.

(ii) Indus Mother-goddess unveils more mystery by suggesting their ancient knowledge of Constellation Ophiuchus: Ophiuchus (13th sign in Zodiac) holds the second-closest star to Earth. Of the 88 constellations, Ophiuchus comes in at No. 11, in terms of amount of the sky occupied. Sandwiched in-between Scorpio and Sagittarius, barely touching the ecliptic, stands a giant serpent holdera giant man in the sky, the image of Ophiuchus. Among the zodiac, only Virgo (No. 2) and Aquarius (No. 10) are bigger. At its height, it was brighter than any star, brighter than any planet except Venus. Ras Alhague is the brightest star of this constellation, which is located in the head of the serpent-bearer. The 13th sign is somewhat obscured from view and is not generally included in the zodiac of twelve signs that astrologers generally use. This may be due to the fact that visible from the ecliptic are only the feet of Ophiuchus with the rest of his body towering above the constellations and not contained within the rest of the zodiac. In fact, one foot of Ophiuchus is smashing the Scorpions claws while the other foot is where the Archers arrow is aimed. There is no explanation about how ancient people of Indus have had the access to knowledge of constellation Ophiuchus, but similarity between an Indus seal illustration of Mother goddess standing on elephant and fighting tigers and the sky map of Ophiuchus is intriguing.

Mother-goddess of Indus

Sky map of Ophiuchus constellation

In the sky map constellation Ophiuchus forms the body of Mother goddess and Hercules forms the head. The constellation Sagittarius forms the elephant. Vedic scholars [28] posit that Indus seal attests a goddess (most probably Mother goddess and later day Kali of India) fighting tigers with a wheel over her head, the wheel symbolizes the prime constellation that is Indra of that time (Auriga constellation) and she is standing over an elephant, which means that her vahan (vehicle) was elephant. Later after arrival of indo Indo-Europeans the elephant becomes vahan of Indra (A male god in place of female divinity). It is very significant because elephant is the symbol of Indra for indoEuropeans, where as it was the vahan of a goddess for Indus people. The rain goddess Inanna of Indus people has been replaced by rain god Indra of later day Indo European people. There are two things in common between Inanna and Indra; one is the vahan of these gods (elephant) and the other one is their identification mark (wheel). Indra was chief in the sense, he was principal star in indicating the forth coming rainy season, or beginning of the year. This role was played by different stars at different time. In the beginning it was the bull constellation Taurus and principal star Aldebaran. Arising of Aldebaran in heliacal rising position indicated the New Year as well as forth coming rains. This was the period of Indus people and they worshipped Aldebaran as Indra. Later Aldebaran got replaced with Canis Major (Dog Star) because of precessional movement of earth. Greek myth tells us that because Asklepius was able to literally bring people back from the dead, he was killed by Zeus with a thunderbolt. Later, remorseful Zeus placed Asklepius in the sky as the image Ophiuchus, the Serpent Bearer. The serpent symbolism can be found all over the ancient world which has been depicted in paganism as the Kundalini and the double helix of the DNA. Pre-historic legacies continue in our age - the emblem of the snake wrapped around the healing rod caduceus was the identifying cult symbol for the followers of Asklepius (Ophiuchus). A descendant of Asklepius is Hippocrates, considered the father of modern medicine, and the caduceus symbol of serpentine healing power can be seen all over the world in hospitals, clinics and ambulances.
[Republished from my publication in: http://www.articlesbase.com/religion-articles/mother-goddess-cults-defy-godswarning-its-common-legacies-from-pre-historic-times-6208688.html]

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