A Note On Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets Over Two Universes

International Journal for Basic Sciences and Social Sciences (IJBSS) ISSN: 2319-2968
Available Online at www.rfbss.org Vol.1, Issue 1, May-2012 Page: 1-14

Manoj Bora & Tridiv Jyoti Neog, A note on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets over two universes 1

A NOTE ON INTUITIONISTIC FUZZY SETS OVER TWO UNIVERSES

Manoj Bora
1

Dept. of Mathematics, Jorhat Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam, India
E-mail: manojbora08@gmail.com

Tridiv Jyoti Neog
2

Dept. of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, CMJ University, Meghalaya, India
E-mail: tridivjyoti@gmail.com

Abstract: In this paper, we have studied the operations of two Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets in two universes. We have proposed
some results with examples and counter examples.

Keywords: Fuzzy Set, Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set, Union, Intersection.

1. Introduction

Most of the real life problems have various uncertainties. In order to deal with many complicated problem in the fields of
engineering, social science, economics, medical science etc. involving uncertainties, various theories have been developed
viz. The Theory of Probability, Evidence Theory, Fuzzy Set Theory, Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set Theory, Rough Set Theory etc.
Fuzzy Set Theory was introduced by Lofti Zadeh [8] in 1965 and it was designed to solve mathematically uncertainty and
vagueness with formalized logical tools for dealing many real life problems. Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets introduced by
Atanassov [2] is of great importance in the context of uncertainty. Fuzzy sets are intuitionistic fuzzy sets but the converse is
not necessarily true [3].There are situations where Intuitionistic fuzzy set theory is more appropriate to deal with [1].
Intuitionistic fuzzy set theory has been applied in different areas viz. logical programming [4, 5], in decision making
problems [9]. Many concepts in fuzzy set theory were also extended to intuitionistic fuzzy set theory, such as intuitionistic
fuzzy relations, intuitionistic L-fuzzy sets, intuitionistic fuzzy implications, intuitionistic fuzzy logics, the degree of
similarity between intuitionistic fuzzy sets, intuitionistic fuzzy rough sets etc. There are numerical applications of
intuitionistic fuzzy sets in various areas of computer science, for example in artificial intelligence, as well as in medicine,
chemistry, economics astronomy etc. Chakrabarty et al. [6] generalized the notion of union and intersection of fuzzy sets
over two different universes. Keeping in view, we make an attempt to generalise the notion of union and intersection of
intuitionistic fuzzy sets.

2. Preliminaries

Chakrabarty et al. [6] generalized the notion of union and intersection of two fuzzy sets laid down by Zadeh [7]. In fact the
concept of union of two fuzzy sets A and B in the universes X could be treated as a particular case of the following two fuzzy
sets:
(i) Fuzzy set A in the universe X and
(ii) Fuzzy set B in the universe Y,
where X and Y are two different universes, in general. Thus the definitions of union and intersection of two fuzzy sets as
proposed in [6] are as follows:

Definition 2.1 [6]

Let A be a fuzzy set of X with membership function
A
and B be a fuzzy set of Y with membership function
B
. Then the
union of two fuzzy sets A and B denoted by B A is a fuzzy set of Y X with the membership function defined by



{ }
e
e
e
=
Y X z z z
X Y z z
Y X z z
z
B A
B
A
B A
if ) ( ), ( max
if ) (
if ) (
) (

It may be observed that the fuzzy union defined by Zadeh [8] is a particular case of the above defined union when X = Y.

Definition 2.2 [6]

Let A be a fuzzy set of X with membership function
A
and B be a fuzzy set of Y with membership function
B
. Then the
intersection of two fuzzy sets A and B denoted by B A is a fuzzy set of Y X with the membership function defined by
{ } , ) ( ), ( min ) ( Y X z z z z
B A B A
e =

It may be observed that the fuzzy intersection defined by Zadeh [8] is a particular case of the above defined union when
X = Y.

It may also be observed that ( ) 0 (z) , = A e
B A
Y X z and in this sense B A is a fuzzy set in Y X .

Definition 2.3 [6]

Let U be a set and X be a subset of U. Then for any fuzzy set A of X, the fuzzy set
U
A
of U given by
e
=
otherwise , 0
), (
) (
X x x
x
A U
A

is called set of U generated by
A
.

Chakrabarty et al [6] gave the following proposition:

Proposition 2.1 [7]

For any two fuzzy sets A and B of the sets X and Y, respectively, the following holds:
(i) If = A , = B , then = B A but not conversely.
(ii) = , A A = , = A , where is the null fuzzy set.
(iii) A B B A = , A B B A =

Chakrabarty et al [6] put forward the following proposition for fuzzy sets A, B, C obtained from three different universes X,
Y and Z respectively.

Proposition 2.2 [6]

Let A,B,C be three fuzzy sets obtained from three different universes X, Y and Z respectively. Then the following holds.
(i) ( ) ( ) C B A C B A =
(ii) ( ) ( ) C B A C B A =
(iii) ( ) ( ) ( ) C A B A C B A =
~

(iv) ( ) ( ) ( ) C A B A C B A =

Definition 2.4 [2]
An intuitionistic fuzzy set A over the universe U can be defined as : ( ) { } U x x x x A
A A
e = : ) ( ), ( , , where
] 1 , 0 [ : ) ( ], 1 , 0 [ : ) ( U x U x
A A
with the property 1 ) ( ) ( 0 s + s x x
A A
. U x e The values ) (x
A
and
) (x
A
represent the degree of membership and non-membership of x to A respectively. ( ) ) ( ) ( 1 ) ( x x x
A A A
+ = is called
the intuitionistic fuzzy index.



Definition 2.5 [2]
An intuitionistic fuzzy set A over the universe U defined as ( ) { } U x x A e = : 1 , 0 , is said to be intuitionistic fuzzy null set and
is denoted by . 0
Definition 2.6 [2]
An intuitionistic fuzzy set A over the universe U defined as ( ) { } U x x A e = : 0 , 1 , is said to be intuitionistic fuzzy absolute set
and is denoted by . 1
Definition 2.7 [2]
Let ( ) { } U x x x x A
A A
e = : ) ( ), ( , be an intuitionistic fuzzy set over the universe U, where ], 1 , 0 [ : ) ( U x
A

] 1 , 0 [ : ) ( U x
A

with the property 1 ) ( ) ( 0 s + s x x
A A

. U x e Complement of A is denoted by A
c
and defined as the
intuitionistic fuzzy set ( ) { } U x x x x A
A A
c
e = : ) ( ), ( , .
Definition 2.8 [2]
Let ( ) { } U x x x x A
A A
e = : ) ( ), ( , , ( ) { } U x x x x B
B B
e = : ) ( ), ( ,

be two intuitionistic fuzzy sets over the universe U, where
], 1 , 0 [ : ) ( U x
A
], 1 , 0 [ : ) ( U x
A
], 1 , 0 [ : ) ( U x
B
] 1 , 0 [ : ) ( U x
B

with the property
1 ) ( ) ( ), ( ) ( 0 s + + s x x x x
B B A A
U xe .
Union of A and B is defined as
( ) ( ) { } ) ( ), ( min , ) ( ), ( max , x x x x x B A
B A B A
=
and intersection of A and B is defined as
( ) ( ) { } ) ( ), ( max , ) ( ), ( min , x x x x x B A
B A B A
=

3. Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets Over Two Universes

Throughout our work, we would represent the symbol
X
0 to represent the Intuitionistic Fuzzy Null Set in X and
X
1 to
represent the Intuitionistic Fuzzy Absolute Set in X . Keeping in view, we propose the definition of union and intersection of
two intuitionistic fuzzy sets in two Universes as follows:

Definition 3.1

Let A be an intuitionistic fuzzy set of X with membership function
A
and non membership
A
and B be an intuitionistic
fuzzy set of Y with membership function
B
and non membership
B
defined by ( ) { } X x x x x A
A A
e = : ) ( ), ( , and

( ) { } Y x x x x B
B B
e = : ) ( ), ( ,

Then the union of the intuitionistic fuzzy sets A and B denoted by B A is an intuitionistic fuzzy set of Y X defined by

B A
( ) { }
( ) { }
( ) ( ) ( ) { }
e
e
e
=
Y X x x x x x x
X Y x x x x
Y X x x x x
B A B A
B B
A A
if , ) ( ), ( min , ) ( ), ( max ,
if , ) ( ), ( ,
if , ) ( ), ( ,



It may be observed that the intuitionistic fuzzy union defined by Atanassov is a particular case of what we have given when
X = Y.

Example 3.1

Let X ={ }
5 4 3 2 1
, , , , s s s s s be set of four tall individuals and Y ={ }
7 6 5 4
, , , s s s s be the sets of four left handed individuals.
We consider the intuitionistic fuzzy sets
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) { } 4 . 0 , 5 . 0 , , 3 . 0 , 6 . 0 , , 5 , 0 , 4 . 0 , 01 . 0 , 9 . 0 , 1 . 0 , 7 . 0 ,
5 4 3 2 1
s s s s s A =
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) { } 3 . 0 , 4 . 0 , 3 . 0 , 5 . 0 , , 1 . 0 , 8 . 0 , 2 . 0 , 6 . 0 ,
7 6 5 4
s s s s B = in two universes X and Y respectively

Then
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) { , 1 . 0 , 8 . 0 , , 2 . 0 , 6 . 0 , , 5 . 0 , 4 . 0 , 01 . 0 , 9 . 0 , 1 . 0 , 7 . 0 ,
5 4 3 2 1
s s s s s B A = ( ) ( )} 3 . 0 , 4 . 0 , , 3 . 0 , 5 . 0 ,
7 6
s s

Definition 3.2

Let A be an intuitionistic fuzzy set of X with membership function
A
and non membership
A
and B be an intuitionistic
fuzzy set of Y with membership function
B
and non membership
B
defined by ( ) { } X x x x x A
A A
e = : ) ( ), ( , and

( ) { } Y x x x x B
B B
e = : ) ( ), ( ,

Then the intersection of the intuitionistic fuzzy sets A and B denoted by B A is an intuitionistic fuzzy set of Y X
defined by
B A
( ) ( ) ( ) { }
( ) { }
A e
e
=
Y X x x
Y X x x x x x x
B A B A
if , 1 , 0 ,
if , ) ( ), ( max , ) ( ), ( min ,

It may be observed that the intuitionistic fuzzy intersection defined by Atanassov is a particular case of the above defined
intersection when X = Y.

Example 3.2

In Example 3.1 we have
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) { , 4 . 0 , 5 . 0 , , 3 . 0 , 6 . 0 , , 1 , 0 , , 1 , 0 , 1 , 0 ,
5 4 3 2 1
s s s s s B A = ( ) ( )} 1 , 0 , , 1 , 0 ,
7 6
s s

Definition 3.3

Let U be a set and X be a subset of U. Then for any intuitionistic fuzzy set A of X, the intuitionistic fuzzy set
U
A of U given
by
) (x A
U

( ) { }
( ) { }
e
=
otherwise , ,1 0 ,
(x) ), ( ,
x
X x x x
A A

is called the intuitionistic fuzzy set of U generated by A.

Example 3.3

Let { }
5 4 3 2 1
, , , , a a a a a U = and { } U a a a X _ =
5 3 1
, ,
Let ( ) ( ) ( ) { } 3 . 0 , 6 . 0 , , 2 . 0 , 7 . 0 , , 1 . 0 , 8 . 0
5 3 1
a a a A = be an intuitionistic fuzzy set of X . Then the intuitionistic fuzzy set ) (x A
U
of
U generated by A is given by
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) { } 3 . 0 , 6 . 0 , , 1 , 0 , , 2 . 0 , 7 . 0 , , 1 , 0 , , 1 . 0 , 8 . 0 ) (
5 4 3 2 1
a a a a a x A
U
=

Proposition 3.1

For any two Intuitionistic fuzzy sets A and B over X and Y respectively, the following hold:
(i) If
X
A 0 = ,
Y
B 0 = , then
Y X
B A

= 0 but not conversely.
(ii)
Y X Y X
= 0 0 0 ,
Y X
Y
A A

= 0 ,
Y X Y
A

= 0 0 ,
where
X
0 and
Y
0 are the Intuitionistic Fuzzy Null Sets in X and Y respectively.

(iii) A B B A = , A B B A =

Proof.
(i) Let , 0
X
A =
Y
B 0 =

Then,

A ( ) { } X x x x x
A A
e = : ) ( ), ( , ( ) { } Y x x e = : 1 , 0 ,
B ( ) { } Y x x x x
B B
e = : ) ( ), ( , ( ) { } Y x x e = : 1 , 0 ,

B A
( ) ( ) ( ) { }
( ) { }
A e
e
=
Y X x x
Y X x x x x x x
B A B A
if , 1 , 0 ,
if , ) ( ), ( max , ) ( ), ( min ,

( ) ( ) ( ) { }
( ) { }
A e
e
=
Y X x x
Y X x x
if , 1 , 0 ,
if , 1 , 1 max , 0 , 0 min ,

( ) { }
( ) { }
A e
e
=
Y X x x
Y X x x
if , 1 , 0 ,
if , 1 , 0 ,

Y X
= 0
For the converse part, we take the following example:
Let X ={ }
5 4 3 2 1
, , , , s s s s s be set of four tall individuals and Y ={ }
7 6 5 4
, , , s s s s be the sets of four left handed individuals. We
consider the intuitionistic fuzzy sets
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) { } 4 . 0 , 5 . 0 , , 3 . 0 , 6 . 0 , , 5 , 0 , 4 . 0 , 01 . 0 , 9 . 0 , 1 . 0 , 7 . 0 ,
5 4 3 2 1
s s s s s A =
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) { } 3 . 0 , 4 . 0 , 3 . 0 , 5 . 0 , , 1 , 0 , 1 , 0 ,
7 6 5 4
s s s s B = in two universes X and Y respectively
Then ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) { , 1 , 0 , , 1 , 0 , , 1 , 0 , , 1 , 0 , 1 , 0 ,
5 4 3 2 1
s s s s s B A = ( ) ( )} 1 , 0 , , 1 , 0 ,
7 6
s s
In this case
Y X
B A 0 , 0 = = but
Y X
B A

= 0
(ii) Let , 0
X
A =
Y
B 0 =

Then,

A ( ) { } X x x x x
A A
e = : ) ( ), ( , ( ) { } X x x e = : 1 , 0 ,

B ( ) { } Y x x x x
B B
e = : ) ( ), ( , ( ) { } Y x x e = : 1 , 0 ,

B A
( ) { }
( ) { }
( ) ( ) ( ) { }
e
e
e
=
Y X x x x x x x
X Y x x x x
Y X x x x x
B A B A
B B
A A
if , ) ( ), ( min , ) ( ), ( max ,
if , ) ( ), ( ,
if , ) ( ), ( ,

( ) { }
( ) { }
( ) ( ) ( ) { }
e
e e
e e
=
Y X x x
X Y x Y y x
Y X x X x x
if , 1 , 1 min , 0 , 0 max ,
if , : 1 , 0 ,
if , : 1 , 0 ,

( ) { }
( ) { }
( ) { }
e
e e
e e
=
Y X x x
X Y x Y y x
Y X x X x x
if , 1 , 0 ,
if , : 1 , 0 ,
if , : 1 , 0 ,



Y X
= 0

(iii) Let

A ( ) { } X x x x x
A A
e = : ) ( ), ( ,

B
Y
0 = ( ) { } Y x x x x
B B
e = : ) ( ), ( , ( ) { } Y x x e = : 1 , 0 ,

Then,

B A
( ) { }
( ) { }
( ) ( ) ( ) { }
e
e
e
=
Y X x x x x x x
X Y x x x x
Y X x x x x
B A B A
B B
A A
if , ) ( ), ( min , ) ( ), ( max ,
if , ) ( ), ( ,
if , ) ( ), ( ,

( ) { }
( ) { }
( ) ( ) ( ) { }
e
e e
e
=
Y X x x x x
X Y x Y y x
Y X x x x x
A A
A A
if , 1 ), ( min , 0 ), ( max ,
if , : 1 , 0 ,
if , ) ( ), ( ,

( ) { }
( ) { }
( ) { }
e
e e
e e
=
Y X x x x x
X Y x Y y x
Y X x X x x x
A A
A A
if , ) ( ), ( ,
if , : 1 , 0 ,
if , : ) ( ), (

( ) { }
( ) { }
e e
e e
=
X Y x Y y x
X x X x x x
A A
if , : 1 , 0 ,
if , : ) ( ), (

Y X
A

=

(iv)
Y X Y
A

= 0 0
Proof.
Let

A ( ) { } X x x x x
A A
e = : ) ( ), ( ,
B
Y
0 = ( ) { } Y x x x x
B B
e = : ) ( ), ( , ( ) { } Y x x e = : 1 , 0 ,

B A
( ) ( ) ( ) { }
( ) { }
A e
e
=
Y X x x
Y X x x x x x x
B A B A
if , 1 , 0 ,
if , ) ( ), ( max , ) ( ), ( min ,

( ) ( ) ( ) { }
( ) { }
A e
e
=
Y X x x
Y X x x x x
A A
if , 1 , 0 ,
if , 1 ), ( max , 0 ), ( min ,

( ) { }
( ) { }
A e
e
=
Y X x x
Y X x x
if , 1 , 0 ,
if , 1 , 0 ,

Y X
= 0


(v) A B B A =
Proof.
Let A ( ) { } X x x x x
A A
e = : ) ( ), ( ,

B

( ) { } Y x x x x
B B
e = : ) ( ), ( ,

B A
( ) { }
( ) { }
( ) ( ) ( ) { }
e
e
e
=
Y X x x x x x x
X Y x x x x
Y X x x x x
B A B A
B B
A A
if , ) ( ), ( min , ) ( ), ( max ,
if , ) ( ), ( ,
if , ) ( ), ( ,

( ) { }
( ) { }
( ) ( ) ( ) { }
e
e
e
=
X Y x x x x x x
Y X x x x x
X Y x x x x
A B A B
A A
B B
if , ) ( ), ( min , ) ( ), ( max ,
if , ) ( ), ( ,
if , ) ( ), ( ,

A B =
(vi) A B B A =
Proof.
Let A ( ) { } X x x x x
A A
e = : ) ( ), ( ,

B

( ) { } Y x x x x
B B
e = : ) ( ), ( ,

B A
( ) ( ) ( ) { }
( ) { }
A e
e
=
Y X x x
Y X x x x x x x
B A B A
if , 1 , 0 ,
if , ) ( ), ( max , ) ( ), ( min ,

( ) ( ) ( ) { }
( ) { }
A e
e
=
X Y x x
X Y x x x x x x
A B A B
if , 1 , 0 ,
if , ) ( ), ( max , ) ( ), ( min ,

A B =

Proposition 3.2

Let A, B, C be three intuitionistic fuzzy sets obtained from three different universes X, Y and Z respectively. Then the
following holds.
(i) ( ) ( ) C B A C B A =
(ii) ( ) ( ) C B A C B A =
(iii) ( ) ( ) ( ) C A B A C B A =
(iv) ( ) ( ) ( ) C A B A C B A =

Proof.
(i) ( ) ( ) C B A C B A =
Let
( ) { } X x x x x A
A A
e = : ) ( ), ( ,



( ) { } Y x x x x B
B B
e = : ) ( ), ( ,

( ) { } Z x x x x C
C C
e = : ) ( ), ( , and E D A D C B = = ,
Case I

When ( ), Z Y X x e ( ) { } ) ( ), ( , x x x E
A A
= .(3.1)
Case II When ( ) , X Z Y x e
E
( ) { }
( ) { }
( ) ( ) ( ) { }
e
e
e
=
Z Y x x x x x x
Y Z x x x x
Z Y x x x x
C B C B
B B
B B
if , ) ( ), ( min , ) ( ), ( max ,
if , ) ( ), ( ,
if , ) ( ), ( ,

.(3.2)
Case III

When ( ), Z Y X x e D A E =
Now, ( ) Z Y X ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Z Y Y Z Z Y X =
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Z Y X Y Z X Z Y X =
When ( ) ( ) Z Y X x e ,

D

( ) { } ) ( ), ( , x x x
B B
=
Thus

E D A =
( ) ( ) ( ) { } ) ( ), ( min , ) ( ), ( max , x x x x x
B A B A
= .(3.3)
When ( ) ( ) Y Z X x e ,

D

( ) { } ) ( ), ( , x x x
C C
=
Thus

E

D A =
( ) ( ) ( ) { } ) ( ), ( min , ) ( ), ( max , x x x x x
C A C A
=

.(3.4)
When ( ) ( ), Z Y X x e
D ( ) ( ) ( ) { } ) ( ), ( min , ) ( ), ( max , x x x x x
C B C B
=
Thus
E D A =
( ) { } ( ) ( ) ( ) { } ) ( ), ( min , ) ( ), ( max , ) ( ), ( , x x x x x x x x
C B C B A A
= .(3.5)

Again let G C F F B A = = ,

Case I When ( ) , Z Y X x e
G
( ) { }
( ) { }
( ) ( ) ( ) { }
e
e
e
=
Y X x x x x x x
X Y x x x x
Y X x x x x
B A B A
B B
A A
if , ) ( ), ( min , ) ( ), ( max ,
if , ) ( ), ( ,
if , ) ( ), ( ,

.(3.6)

Case II
When ( ) Y X Z x e ( ) ( ) ( ) { } ) ( ), ( , , x x x G Y Z X Z
C C
= = , .(3.7)
Case III
When ( ) Z Y X x e ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Z Y X X Y Y X =
= ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Z Y X Z X Y Z Y X
C F G = , ( ) { } ) ( ), ( , x x x F
A A
= , by (3.6)
When ( ) ( ) Z Y X x e ,
Thus G

C F = ( ) { } ( ) { } ) ( ), ( , ) ( ), ( , x x x x x x
C C A A
= .(3.8)
When ( ) ( ), Z X Y x e ( ) { } ) ( ), ( , x x x F
B B
= by (3.6)
Thus ( ) { } ( ) { } ) ( ), ( , ) ( ), ( , x x x x x x C F G
C C B B
= = .(3.9)
When ( ) ( ) Z Y X x e , ( ) { } ( ) { } ) ( ), ( , ) ( ), ( , x x x x x x F
B B A A
=
Thus ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) { } ) ( ), ( , ) ( ), ( min , ) ( ), ( max , x x x x x x x x C F G
C C C C C B
= = ....(3.10)
When ( ) ( ) ( ) Z X Y X Z Y X x = e , ( ) { }, ) ( ), ( , x x x E
A A
= by (3.1)
and ( ) { }, ) ( ), ( , x x x G
A A
= by (3.6)
When ( ) X Z Y x e ( ) X Z Y Y Z Z Y = ) ( ) ( ) (
( ) ( ) ( ) X Z Y X Y Z X Z Y = ) ( ) ( ) (
When , ) ( X Z Y x e ( ) { } ) ( ), ( , x x x E
B B
= by (3.1) , ( ) { } ) ( ), ( , x x x G
B B
= , by (3.6)
{ X Z Y ) ( =
c c
X Z Y ) ( = ( )
c c
X Z Y
= ( )
c
X Z Y
= ( ) X Z Y
=( ) ( ) X Y Z Y }
When , ) ( X Y Z x e ( ) { } ) ( ), ( , x x x E
C C
= , by(3.2) , ( ) { } ) ( ), ( , x x x G
C C
= , by (3.7)
{ X Y Z ) ( =
C C
X Y Z ) ( = ) (
C C
Y X Z
= ( )
C
Y X Z


= ( ) Y X Z }
When ( ) X Z Y x e
{( ) ( ) ( ) Z X Y X Z Y X Z Y
C C
= = =( ) Z X Y }
E ( ) { } ( ) { } ) ( ), ( , ) ( ), ( , x x x x x x
C C B B
=
( ) ( ) ( ) { } ) ( ), ( min ) ( ), ( max , x x x x x
C B C B
= , by (3.2)
F ( ) ( ) ) ( ), ( , ) ( ), ( , x x x x x x
C C B B
=
= ( ) ( ) ( ) { } ) ( ), ( min ) ( ), ( max , x x x x x
C B C B
, by (3.9)
When ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Z Y Y Z Z Y X Z Y X x = e
= ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Z Y X Y Z X Z Y X
When ( ) Z Y X x e = ( )
C
Z Y X
=( )
C
Z Y X
=( ) Z Y X
( ) { } ( ) { } ) ( ), ( , ) ( ), ( , x x x x x x E
B B A A
=
( ) ( ) ( ) { } ) ( ), ( min , ) ( ), ( max , x x x x x
B A B A
= , by (3.3)
( ) { } ( ) { } ) ( ), ( , ) ( ), ( , x x x x x x F
B B A A
=
( ) ( ) ( ) { } ) ( ), ( min , ) ( ), ( max , x x x x x
B A B A
= , by (3.6)
When ( ) Y Z X x e = ( )
C
Y Z X
=( )
C
Y Z X
=( ) Y Z X
( ) { } ( ) { } ) ( ), ( , ) ( ), ( , x x x x x x E
C C A A
= , by (3.4)
( ) { } ( ) { } ) ( ), ( , ) ( ), ( , x x x x x x F
C C A A
= , by (3.6)
When ( ) Z Y X x e
( ) { } ( ) ( ) ( ) { } ) ( ), ( min , ) ( ), ( max , ) ( ), ( , x x x x x x x x E
C B C B A A
= , by (3.5)
( ) { } ( ) ( ) ( ) { } ) ( ), ( min , ) ( ), ( max , ) ( ), ( , x x x x x x x x F
C B C B A A
= , by (3.10)
Thus ( ) ( ) C B A C B A =


(ii) ( ) ( ) C B A C B A =
Proof.
Let
( ) { } X x x x x A
A A
e = : ) ( ), ( ,

( ) { } Y x x x x B
B B
e = : ) ( ), ( ,

( ) { } Z x x x x C
C C
e = : ) ( ), ( ,
C B
( ) ( ) ( ) { }
( ) { }
A e
e
=
Z Y x x
Z Y x x x x x x
C B C B
if , 1 , 0 ,
if , ) ( ), ( max , ) ( ), ( min ,

( ) { } Z Y x x x x
D D
e = : ) ( ), ( ,

( ) C B A
( ) ( ) ( ) { } ( )
( ) { }
e
=
otherwise , 1 , 0 ,
if , ) ( ), ( max , ) ( ), ( min ,
x
Z Y X x x x x x x
D A D A

....(3.11)

B A
( ) ( ) ( ) { }
( ) { }
A e
e
=
Y X x x
Y X x x x x x x
B A B A
if , 1 , 0 ,
if , ) ( ), ( max , ) ( ), ( min ,

( ) { } Y X x x x x
E E
e = : ) ( ), ( ,

( ) C B A
( ) ( ) ( ) { } ( )
( ) { }
e
=
otherwise , 1 , 0 ,
if , ) ( ), ( max , ) ( ), ( min ,
x
Z Y X x x x x x x
A E A E

....(3.12)
Now ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ) ( , ) ( ), ( min min ) ( ), ( ( min ), ( min x x x x x x
C B A C B A
=
And ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ) ( , ) ( ), ( max max ) ( ), ( ( max ), ( max x x x x x x
C B A C B A
=
Also ( ) ( ) Z Y X Z Y X =
Thus from (3.11) and (3.12)
( ) ( ) C B A C B A =

(iii) ( ) ( ) ( ) C A B A C B A =
Proof.
Let ( ) { } X x x x x A
A A
e = : ) ( ), ( ,

( ) { } Y x x x x B
B B
e = : ) ( ), ( ,

( ) { } Z x x x x C
C C
e = : ) ( ), ( ,

Let D B A = and E C A = , Then



D
( ) ( ) ( ) { }
( ) { }
A e
e
=
Y X x x
Y X x x x x x x
B A B A
if , 1 , 0 ,
if , ) ( ), ( max , ) ( ), ( min ,

( ) { } Y X x x x x
D D
e = : ) ( ), ( ,
E
( ) ( ) ( ) { }
( ) { }
A e
e
=
Z X x x
Z X x x x x x x
C A C A
if , 1 , 0 ,
if , ) ( ), ( max , ) ( ), ( min ,

( ) { } Y X x x x x
E E
e = : ) ( ), ( ,

Let F E D =

Case I
( ) ( ) Z X Y X x e ( ) Z Y X = , ( ) { } ) ( ), ( , x x x F
D D
=

Case II
( ) ( ) Y X Z X x e ( ) Y Z X = , ( ) { } ) ( ), ( , x x x F
E E
=

Case III
( ) ( ) Z X Y X x e ( ) Z Y X = , ( ) ( ) ( ) { } ) ( ), ( min , ) ( ), ( max , x x x x x F
E D E D
=

Thus F
( ) { } ( )
( ) { } ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) { } ( )
e
e
e
=
Z Y X x x x x x x
Y Z X x x x x
Z Y X x x x x
E D E D
E E
D D
if , ) ( ), ( min , ) ( ), ( max ,
if , ) ( ), ( ,
if , ) ( ), ( ,

....(3.13)

Let H G A G C B = = ,
G
( ) { }
( ) { }
( ) ( ) ( ) { }
e
e
e
=
Z Y x x x x x x
Y Z x x x x
Z Y x x x x
C B C B
C C
B B
if , ) ( ), ( min , ) ( ), ( max ,
if , ) ( ), ( ,
if , ) ( ), ( ,

Again ( ) Z Y X ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Z Y Y Z Z Y X =
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Z Y X Y Z X Z Y X =

Case I When ( ) Z Y X x e , ( ) { } ) ( ), ( , x x x H
D D
=

Case II When ( ) Y Z X x e , ( ) { } ) ( ), ( , x x x H
E E
=

Case III When ( ) Z Y X x e , ( ) ( ) ( ) { } ) ( ), ( min , ) ( ), ( max , x x x x x H
E D E D
=
Thus H
( ) { } ( )
( ) { } ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) { } ( )
e
e
e
=
Z Y X x x x x x x
Y Z X x x x x
Z Y X x x x x
E D E D
E E
D D
if , ) ( ), ( min , ) ( ), ( max ,
if , ) ( ), ( ,
if , ) ( ), ( ,

....(3.14)
From (3.13) and (3.14)
( ) ( ) ( ) C A B A C B A =

(iv) This proof follows similar lines.

Proposition 3.3

If A and B are two Intuitionistic fuzzy sets over two universes X and Y respectively then
(i) ( )
c
B
c
A
c
B A =
(ii) ( )
c
B
c
A
c
B A =

Proof.
(i) Let ( ) { } X x x x x A
A A
e = : ) ( ), ( ,

( ) { } Y x x x x B
B B
e = : ) ( ), ( ,

Case I
Let , Y X x e where 1 ) ( , 0 ) ( , ) ( , ) ( = = = = x x n x m x
B B A A

Then 0 ) ( , 1 ) ( , 1 ) ( , 1 ) ( = = = = x x n x m x c c c c
B B A A

Now ( ) ( )
( )
) ( 1 1 1 , 1 min ) ( ), ( min ) ( x m m x x x c c c c c
B A
B A
B A B A
= = = = =
and ( ) ( )
( )
) ( 1 1 0 , 1 max ) ( ), ( max ) ( x n n x x x c c c c c
B A
B A
B A B A
= = = = =

Case II
Let , X Y x e where q x p x x x
B B A A
= = = = ) ( , ) ( , 1 ) ( , 0 ) (
Then q x p x x x c c c c
B B A A
= = = = 1 ) ( , 1 ) ( , 0 ) ( , 1 ) (
Now ( ) ( )
( )
) ( 1 1 1 , 1 min ) ( ), ( min ) ( x p p x x x c c c c c
B A
B A
B A B A
= = = = =
and ( ) ( )
( )
) ( 1 1 1 , 0 max ) ( ), ( max ) ( x q q x x x c c c c c
B A
B A
B A B A
= = = = =

Case III
Let , Y X x e
Therefore ( ) ( )
( )
) ( ) ( ), ( max 1 ) ( ), ( min ) ( x x x x x x c c c c c
B A
B A
B A B A
= = =
and ( ) ( )
( )
) ( ) ( ), ( min 1 ) ( ), ( max ) ( x x x x x x c c c c c
B A
B A
B A B A
= = =
thus from the above cases it follows that ( )
c
B
c
A
c
B A =
~ ~

(ii) This proof is similar to the above proof.

Definition 3.4
If ( ) { } X x x x x A
A A
e = : ) ( ), ( , and ( ) { } Y x x x x B
B B
e = : ) ( ), ( , are two Intuitionistic fuzzy sets over two universes X and
Y respectively then the operations A + B and A . B over XY is defined by
B A+
( ) { }
( ) { }
( ) { }
e +
e
e
=
Y X x x x x x x x x
X Y x x x x
Y X x x x x
B A B A B A
B B
A A
if , ) ( ). ( ), ( ). ( ) ( ) ( ,
if , ) ( ), ( ,
if , ) ( ), ( ,

B A .
( ) { }
( ) { }
( ) { }
e +
e
e
=
Y X x x x x x x x x
X Y x x x x
Y X x x x x
B A B A B A
B B
A A
if , ) ( ). ( ) ( ) ( ), ( ). ( ,
if , ) ( ), ( ,
if , ) ( ), ( ,

One can verify that the following results are valid according to our definitions.
Proposition 3.4
If A, B and C are three Intuitionistic fuzzy sets over three different universes X, Y and Z respectively then
(i) A B B A + = + , A B B A . . =
(ii) ( ) ( ), C B A C B A + + = + + ( ) ( ) C B A C B A . . . . =
(iii) ( )
c c c
B A B A . = + , ( )
c c c
B A B A + = .
(iv) ( ) C A B A C B A . . . + = + , ( ) ( ) ( ) C A B A C B A + + = + . .



Conclusion
The occurrence of union and intersection of two Intuitionistic fuzzy sets in two Universes is very natural in many real-life
situations. We have generalized the notion of union and intersection of Intuitionistic fuzzy sets. We have put forward some
propositions based on this new notion.

REFERENCES
[1] E.Szmidt, J.Kacprzyk, Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets in group discussion making, NIFS
2(1) (1996), 11-14.
[2] K. Atanassov, Intuitionistic Fuzzy SetsTheory and Applications, A Springer Verlag, Heidelberg 1999.
[3] K. Atanassov, Intuitionistic fuzzy sets. Seventh Scientific Session of ITKR, Sofia, June 1983, De-proposed in
CINTI,1983.
[4] K. Atanassov, Intuitionistic Fuzzy Logic, C.R.Acad. Bulgare Sc.43(3)(1990) 9-12.
[5] K. Atanassov,C.Georgeiv, Intuitionistic Fuzzy Prolog , Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 53(1993),121-128.
[6] Kankana Chakrabarty, Ranjit Biswas, Sudarshan Nanda, A note on fuzzy union and fuzzy intersection , Fuzzy sets
and Systems, 105 (1999), 499 502
[7] Kankana Chakrabarty, Ranjit Biswas, Sudarshan Nanda, Union and intersection of fuzzy sets , Bull. Pour Sous. Ens.
Flous. Appl. (BUSEFAL)
[8] L.A.Zadeh, Fuzzy Sets, Information and Control, 8, 338-353(1965).
[9] R.Biswas, On Fuzzy Sets and Intuitionistic fuzzy sets, NIFS, 3(1997), 3-11

AUTHORS
Manoj Bora received his M.Sc. degree in Mathematics from Dibrugarh University, India, in 2004. He is an Assistant
Professor in the department of Mathematics, Jorhat Institute of Science and Technology, Assam, India. He is registered for
Ph.d in the department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, CMJ University, Shillong, Meghalaya, India.

Tridiv Jyoti Neog received his M.Sc. degree in Mathematics from Dibrugarh University, India, in 2004. He is a research
scholar in the department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, CMJ University, Shillong, Meghalaya, India. He was awarded
BINANDI MEDHI MEMORIAL AWARD for being the best graduate in B.Sc. examination, 2001, under Dibrugarh
University.

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International Journal for Basic Sciences and Social Sciences (IJBSS) ISSN: 2319-2968

Available Online at www.rfbss.org Vol.1, Issue 1, May-2012 Page: 1-14

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