CONNECTION

TM

Certified System Components

Subsea Connections

Subsea Connections from Cameron: reliable, versatile links to tie production systems together.
M aking the connections that move produced fluids from subsea wellheads to surface production facilities is a challenge that Cameron has been meeting successfully for decades. We have consistently led the way in the development of subsea connection systems for flowlines, export lines, umbilicals and multibore production lines. Now weve advanced the state of the art once again. With standardized, preengineered subsea connections that are part of the MOSAIC system. Two types of connections collet and clamp are available in a virtually unlimited array of configurations to satisfy any subsea production system requirement. These

Right from the start, the leader

Camerons subsea production experience goes back to the industrys first subsea w ellhead completion in 1962. That w as in the Gulf of M exico, using a Cameron Christmas tree. A long string of other Cameron subsea product innovations follo w ed. The legendary U BOP, first hydraulic production controls system, first guidelineless drilling system, first freestanding riser system these are just a fe w familiar milestones along Camerons path of leadership. This leadership continues today with such innovations as the SpoolTree Christmas tree and the M OSAIC (M odular Subsea and Integrated Completion) production system. M ore advances are on the horizon. As the industry pushes into ne w frontiers, w ell be there, with the technology to do it right.

CVC Collet connector

McPAC Clamp connector

simplifies installation tool requirements, reduces the number of running procedures to be accommodated and minimizes the spare parts inventory.
McPAC seal plates can be configured to satisfy any subsea system requirement

Reusable installation tools reduce costs Installation tools for both vertical and horizontal Cameron subsea connection systems are retrievable and reusable, so multiple connections can be made without additional tool investment. The cost savings add up quickly, especially on larger projects. All the hydraulic systems for connection installation are incorporated in the tools there are no hydraulics on the subsea connections themselves. This simplicity is one of the reasons for the proven reliability of our connections. And for developments requiring fewer connections where reuseable tooling is less important, we can provide integral connectors with self-contained hydraulic actuators.

systems are extremely versatile, rocksolid reliable and offered in a full range of sizes and pressure ratings. Common interfaces simplify field development MOSAIC modular subsea components have common interfaces that allow use of a variety of connection systems vertical, horizontal, diver-assist and ROV-assisted. These common interfaces make it possible to use the same connection technology for all components in a field development, including well jumpers, pipeline jumpers, umbilical terminations and pigging loops. This
Camerons experience with diverless flowline connections began with the Fairley field (offshore Brunei) in the late 60s.

Accessories enhance flexibility A full line of accessories adds to the flexibility of our subsea connection systems. These accessories include pressure caps, metrology devices and stab and hingeover alignment structures. Installing pressure caps on connection hubs permits full use of the pressure system without connecting the hubs to other MOSAIC components. These pressure caps are equipped with control panels for deployment and retrieval by an ROV. Metrology devices enable an ROV to precisely measure angles, offsets and distances between MOSAIC components. These measurements are used to fabricate the jumpers that will connect the components. Stab and hinge-over alignment structures rotate hubs into proper position for connection. They are particularly useful for installing umbilicals. Cameron provides cost-effective engineering solutions Cameron engineers have a long history of standardizing interfaces, optimizing components and fine-tuning proven technology to meet customer needs quickly and cost-effectively. It pays to involve our engineering professionals right from the start, because they can make the most significant contributions to project success at the critical stages of concept selection, front-end engineering design (FEED) and detail design.

Modular Subsea And Integrated Completion systems: The MOSAIC concept

M OSAIC systems are the result of a design philosophy that eliminates the usual tradeoffs you expect with a pre-engineered, modular system. With M OSAIC systems, you gain simplified installation procedures, reduced personnel training and faster delivery. A nd you dont have to give up flexibility, expandability and desirable product features and benefits as you do with ordinary systems. The ordinary approach to modularity is fixed assemblies run progressively to large structures, w hich are not appropriate for

many applications. M OSAIC systems are modular at the component level, standardized to w ork together in many combinations. The result is a cost-effective system that can be adapted to virtually any subsea job. The M OSAIC system is more easily expanded as field development needs evolve, and its components contain the technology that provides the performance you need. Camerons subsea connections are an integral part of the M OSAIC system. Theyre the perfect fit for todays subsea economics.

Cameron subsea connections can be configured to satisfy any production system requirement.

Collet connections cut subsea installation time.

Cameron CVC and CHCcollet connections are engineered for fast make-up using a push-pull motion. A hydraulically operated actuator ring locks pivoting collet segments under the tapered profile of a hub to form a strong mechanical connection that can handle high separation forces. Pressure is contained by an AX gasket that forms a metal-to-metal seal between the connec-

make up the connection, and no flexibility loops are required. Another advantage is that pressure caps and enclosures can be vertically installed and removed. Spreader beams permit guidelineless installation Rigid jumpers with vertically oriented hubs can be installed without using guidelines by running the jumpers on spreader beams from a construction vessel or drilling rig. Installation tools are attached to downward-facing collet connectors at both ends of the jumper, and the rigid spreader beam is attached to the installation tools and the center of the jumper. The jumper is then lowered by crane to its subsea location. This procedure requires a vessel or rig with dynamic positioning (DP) and two cranes. If that combination is not available, the jumper can be run on guidelines using a single crane. On guidelineless installations, an ROV monitors the operation, transmitting images to the surface to guide lowering of the jumper onto the hubs. After the jumper is in position, the ROV operates valves on the installation tools to lock the collet connectors to their hubs and pressure test the gaskets. Once the integrity of the connections has been verified, the ROV releases the installation tools from the connections and the spreader beam from the jumper. The crane then retrieves the spreader beam with the installation tools attached. Installation tools hydraulically draw hubs together To compensate for measurement errors and sled movement, collet connection installation tools have a built-in gimbal of 3 degrees. This, in addition to the capability of the connection system itself to accommodate 17 degrees of
Running Tool

Jumper Pipe

ROV Panel

Connector Make-Up Cylinders

Soft Land Cylinders

Spreader beam installation of CVC jumper

tor and the hub. Resilient rings in the gasket serve as secondary seals. Our collet connectors can be oriented either vertically (CVC) or horizontally (CHC) and are offered in both nonintegral and integral designs. Non-integral connectors, available in pipe sizes up to 20, are positioned and closed by a separate actuator, which is recoverable after use. Integral connectors, available in pipe sizes from 6 to 54, are positioned and closed by internal hydraulic cylinders. The receiver structure and hub support for collet connectors are very compact. This reduces weight and allows other components to be placed closer together to save space. In vertical installations, collet connectors are lowered directly onto the hubs, No draw-together motion is needed to

Top Plate Ring

Actuator Ring

Collet Connector

Alignment Funnel

Hub

Alignment Structure

CVC System
4

misalignment from the sled seafloor angle, permits connections to be made at high-angles to minimize or eliminate misalignments. Cameron performs a standard test to ensure that rigid jumpers can be successfully connected with up to 6 of offset in the x, y and z axes and as much as 2 degrees of misalignment in pitch, roll and yaw. Because the installation tools are ROV operated, theres no umbilical to worry about. The tools ROV panel contains the hydraulic control system required to test the connected jumper seal and operate the connector and soft landing system. An alignment funnel guides the initial landing of the tool and connector assembly. Latch dogs in the funnel lock onto the receiver structure as the soft landing system is engaged to hydraulically force the hub and collet connector faces together. This double-acting feature permits hydraulically controlled separation of the hubs for easy and safe gasket replacement. Since the tool latches to the same size connector top plate and actuator ring regardless of bore size, a single tool can be used with 4 to 12 flowline bores. Regardless of size, the connections provide an effective barrier, with hubs and collet dogs environmentally isolated. Collet connection installation tools have mechanical overrides for backup if hydraulic power is lost. A redundant secondary lock system ensures connection integrity by restricting the movement of the actuator ring while the connector is locked on the hub.

King Field, Gulf of Mexico Water Depth: 5485 ft (1671 meters)

Challenge: Tie production/test lines from eight subsea w ells to production platform via t w o customer-designed 7 km flo wline bundles. The jumper pre-stressing and connection required pull-in loads and strokes greater than currently available in the industry. The bundles include w ater heating lines to prevent hydrate formation, requiring the use of dual and triple bore connections.

Challenge: Provide an efficient, first-end connection system for Steel Catenary Risers (SCR) to be laid a w ay from deep w ater SCR anchor bases to a Dry Completion Unit or FPSO. Solution: Cameron engineers designed the flo wline connection system for firstend, stab-and-hinge-over installation using a lay vessel with seabed support from a mono-pile support structure. The hinge-over positions the SCR flo wline hubs facing up w ard for fast, easy attachment of the vertical collet connectors on the rigid, tree-to-flo wline jumpers, as w ell as the flo wline pigging loops. Using the same type of collet connector on all components results in several economic benefits for the operator, over and above the installation time saved. Fe w er installation tools are needed, the number of running procedures to be accommodated is minimized, and the necessary spare parts inventory is reduced.

Solution: Cameron designed, built and tested a ne w tool with the capacity necessary to make up the large, horizontal collet connections the operator required. This RO V-operated Running and Connection Tool (RCT) can handle 8 to 18 nominal pipe, including multi-bores a capability critical to the success of the project because of the number and variety of flo wline bundle connections. Tw enty-t w o of the 34 collet connections manufactured by Cameron are multi-bore configurations including 12 x 3 x 3 and 8 x 3 x 3 connectors.

Gemini Field, Gulf of Mexico Water Depth: 3400 ft (1036 meters)

Challenge: Work within tight time constraints to design, build and deploy a four-w ell, deep w ater gas production system. The project required reliable, vertical connections suitable for fast, guidelineless, RO V installation of four 4 flexible-pipe w ell jumpers and t w o 12 rigid-pipe flo wline jumpers. Solution: Camerons proven collet connection technology w as adapted to meet the projects requirements within the operators ambitious time frame. Non-integral collet connectors rated for 5000-psi WP w ere used on all the jumpers and the 12 pigging loop on the manifold. Installation costs w ere minimized because the operating tools for both the 4 and 12 connectors could be retrieved and reused.

Gullfaks Field, North Sea Water Depth: 140 meters (460 ft) specified for 600 meters (1969 ft)

Running and Connection Tool for Gullfaks being tested

Clamp connections are the most economical solution for many subsea applications.
Cameron McPAC clamp-type connection systems are used for everything from large pipelines to small in-field flowlines and umbilicals, in deep water and in shallow. They can be run with or without guidelines and installed with ROV assistance, eliminating the need for divers. Improved McPAC connection tool is ROV operated An improved, high-capacity McPAC Connection tool is an important component of the total package. Connection is a totally separate operation from the deployment method, so it can be performed immediately after deployment or delayed as long as necessary. Hydraulic power to operate the connection tool is supplied by an ROV no guidelines or umbilicals are required. A hydraulic motor in the compact tool drives two jackscrews to make the connection.
Hydraulic Motor

Actuating Saddle
McPAC hubs ready for shipment

Since the motor and the actuating saddle are integrated modules, an ROV can be used both to deploy the tool and to retrieve the seal plate. The tool can also be deployed using guidelines when that method is preferable. After connection of the lines to the hub is completed, the tool is used to pressure test the metal-to-metal seals. It is then retrieved for reuse on the next connection, leaving only the connected lines subsea.

Jackscrew

Metal-to-Metal Seal

Clamp Seal Plate

McPAC System
6

McPAC end connections now come in two sizes Two sizes of standard hubs and clamps are now available for making first and second end connections of flowline/hydraulic control bundles, electrical cables and pipelines. The larger size is used for large-bore flowlines, multi-bore lines and umbilicals, the smaller size for small- and single-bore lines. HSAS provides final alignment Final alignment and make-up of the clamp are provided by the Hub Support and Alignment Structure, which has a sliding

Troika Field, Gulf of Mexico Water Depth: 2760 ft (842 meters)

Challenge: Design, manufacture, test and install the industrys first fully insulated, deep w ater, oil production system to enhance flo w assurance. The connections had to be insulated without compromising reliability or installability. Solution: Versatile Cameron McPAC horizontal connections w ere used throughout

produced. All materials that w ould be exposed to gas w ere to be corrosion resistant, and the operator specified the use of horizontal connectors to permit the manifold to be retrieved, if necessary, without disturbing the jumpers and umbilicals. Solution: Field-proven Cameron clamptype connectors will provide the required long-term reliability. The tool used to install them can be retrieved and reused repeatedly and fits a wide range of connections. That means just one tool can make all the connections for the tree-tomanifold jumpers, pipeline jumpers and umbilicals, substantially reducing the operators cost.

Troika insulated clamp connection

The tree-to-manifold jumpers will have t w o 1 lines piggybacked on the 6 flo wline one for methanol injection and

the system to reduce installation cost and complexity. O ne of the reasons for the proven reliability of Cameron McPAC clamp-type connections is that no hydraulics are left subsea. This feature provides for a simple means
McPAC jumper with HSAS being run

of insulation, w hich w as installed by RO V after test. O nly one tool w as needed to install all the connections for the 10 rigid pipeline jumpers, the 15-line umbilical and the multi-bore flo wline jumpers, each of w hich had a 4 product line and eight hydraulic lines. If it is ever necessary to retrieve the manifold, the connections can be retracted and the jumpers left in place undisturbed.
McPAC hubs for Malampaya manifold

support saddle. The connection tool strokes the hub into position. McPAC connections have been successfully used in subsea systems for two decades. McPAC connectors are economical and reliable, two highly desired traits in todays subsea business. A pivoting Hub Support and Alignment Structure (HSAS) with an orienting stab alignment pin permits totally guidelineless connection of horizontal flowlines. When used to make a first end connection, the HSAS is deployed in vertical position and stabbed into the flowline porch structure at the wellhead, where the inboard hub is mounted. Then the HSAS pivots to horizontal and the stab pin latches to the porch base, providing a hinge point for flowline layaway and hub horizontal alignment.

the other to vent the annulus. Camerons multi-bore connections will save installation time by attaching all three lines simultaneously w hen the RO V makes up the jumper connection.

Malampaya Field, Philippines Water Depth: 850 meters (2789 ft)

Challenge: Develop a gas production system with a 30-year life and the flexibility to add more w ells if an adjoining field is

Western Hemisphere Cameron PO Box 1212 Houston Texas 77251-1212 Tel 713 939 2211 Fax 713 939 2620 e-mail subsea@camerondiv.com w w w.camerondiv.com Eastern Hemisphere Cooper Cameron (U.K.) Ltd. 5 M ondial Way Harlington Hayes UB3 5AR Tel 44 181 9901800 Fax 44 181 9901888 e-mail subsea@camerondiv.com w w w.camerondiv.com Asia Pacific/ Middle East Cooper Cameron (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. No. 2 Gul Circle, Jurong Industrial Est Locked Bag Service No. 3 Jurong To w n Post O ffice Singapore 629560 Republic O f Singapore Tel 65 8613355 Fax 65 8616197 e-mail subsea@camerondiv.com w w w.camerondiv.com

M OSAIC, SpoolTree, Cameron, CA MLAST, STM, STC, CA MTROL, McPAC, CVC, CHC and Cameron Willis are trademarks of the Cooper Cameron Corporation, Cameron Division.
Cooper Cameron Corporation, Cameron Division, Printed in USA, 8/00, HG/7.5M, WR10002 / TC1380