BRITISH STANDARD

BS EN
13160-7:2003
Leak detection
systems
Part 7: General requirements and test
methods for interstitial spaces, leak
protecting linings and leak protecting
jackets
The European Standard EN 13160-7:2003 has the status of a
British Standard
ICS 23.020.01; 23.040.99; 29.260.20
12&23<,1*:,7+287%6,3(50,66,21(;&(37$63(50,77('%<&23<5,*+7/$:
B
o
u
g
h
t

b
y

D
r
.

M
i
r
c
o

B
i
o
n
d
i
,

P
e
t
r
o
l
t
e
c
n
i
c
a

S
p
A
.

L
a
t
e
s
t

v
e
r
s
i
o
n

a
s

o
f

0
4
/
0
6
/
2
0
0
9

1
0
:
3
8
.

N
o
t

t
o

b
e

d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
/
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
e
d
.

F
o
r

m
u
l
t
i
-
u
s
e
r

a
c
c
e
s
s

g
o

t
o
w
w
w
.
b
s
i
g
r
o
u
p
.
c
o
m
/
l
i
c
e
n
s
e

B
r
i
t
i
s
h

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
BS EN 13160-7:2003
This British Standard, was
published under the authority
of the Standards Policy and
Strategy Committee on
16 June 2003
BSI 16 June 2003
ISBN 0 580 42079 5
National foreword
This British Standard is the official English language version of
EN 13160-7:2003.
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee
PVE/21, Fabricated metallic tanks and equipment for storage tanks and filling
stations, to Subcommittee PVE/21/2/2, Leak detection devices, which has the
responsibility to:
A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on
request to its secretary.
Cross-references
The British Standards which implement international or European
publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue
under the section entitled International Standards Correspondence Index, or
by using the Search facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British
Standards Online.
This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.
aid enquirers to understand the text;
present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the
interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests
informed;
monitor related international and European developments and
promulgate them in the UK.
Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page,
pages 2 to 25 and a back cover.
The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the
document was last issued.
Amendments issued since publication
Amd. No. Date Comments
B
o
u
g
h
t

b
y

D
r
.

M
i
r
c
o

B
i
o
n
d
i
,

P
e
t
r
o
l
t
e
c
n
i
c
a

S
p
A
.

L
a
t
e
s
t

v
e
r
s
i
o
n

a
s

o
f

0
4
/
0
6
/
2
0
0
9

1
0
:
3
8
.

N
o
t

t
o

b
e

d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
/
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
e
d
.

F
o
r

m
u
l
t
i
-
u
s
e
r

a
c
c
e
s
s

g
o

t
o
w
w
w
.
b
s
i
g
r
o
u
p
.
c
o
m
/
l
i
c
e
n
s
e

B
r
i
t
i
s
h

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPENNE
EUROPISCHE NORM
EN 13160-7
May 2003
ICS 23.020.01; 23.040.99; 29.260.20
English version
Leak detection systems - Part 7: General requirements and test
methods for interstitial spaces, leak protecting linings and leak
protecting jackets
Systmes de dtection de fuites - Partie 7: Exigences
gnrales et mthodes d'essais pour les espaces
interstitiels, pour revements intrieurs et revtements
extrieurs protecteurs de fuites
Leckanzeigesysteme - Teil 7: Allgemeine Anforderungen
und Prfverfahren fr berwachungsrume,
Leckschutzauskleidung und Leckschutzummantelungen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 March 2003.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMI T EUROPEN DE NORMALI SATI ON
EUROPI SCHES KOMI TEE FR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
2003 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Ref. No. EN 13160-7:2003 E
B
o
u
g
h
t

b
y

D
r
.

M
i
r
c
o

B
i
o
n
d
i
,

P
e
t
r
o
l
t
e
c
n
i
c
a

S
p
A
.

L
a
t
e
s
t

v
e
r
s
i
o
n

a
s

o
f

0
4
/
0
6
/
2
0
0
9

1
0
:
3
8
.

N
o
t

t
o

b
e

d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
/
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
e
d
.

F
o
r

m
u
l
t
i
-
u
s
e
r

a
c
c
e
s
s

g
o

t
o
w
w
w
.
b
s
i
g
r
o
u
p
.
c
o
m
/
l
i
c
e
n
s
e

B
r
i
t
i
s
h

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
EN 13160-7:2003 (E)
2
Contents
page
Foreword......................................................................................................................................................................3
1 Scope ..............................................................................................................................................................3
2 Normative references ....................................................................................................................................3
3 Terms and definitions....................................................................................................................................4
4 Material............................................................................................................................................................4
5 Type test of the interstitial space.................................................................................................................5
5.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................5
5.2 Abbreviations and symbols..........................................................................................................................5
5.3 Test equipment ..............................................................................................................................................5
5.4 Proof of the tightness and the strength of the interstitial space..............................................................6
5.5 Test of the free passage of liquid (only for vacuum systems)..................................................................6
5.6 Test of the free passage of air ......................................................................................................................7
5.7 Flow rate test of the intermediate layer .......................................................................................................7
5.8 Determination of the flow resistance...........................................................................................................9
5.9 Determination of the interstitial space volume for class I-systems .......................................................12
6 Leak protecting lining..................................................................................................................................14
6.1 General ..........................................................................................................................................................14
6.2 Abbreviations and symbols........................................................................................................................14
6.3 Flexible leak protecting linings ..................................................................................................................14
6.4 GRP-rigid leak protecting linings...............................................................................................................20
7 Leak protecting jacket .................................................................................................................................22
7.1 General ..........................................................................................................................................................22
7.2 Materials........................................................................................................................................................22
7.3 Performance requirements .........................................................................................................................23
7.4 Test................................................................................................................................................................24
B
o
u
g
h
t

b
y

D
r
.

M
i
r
c
o

B
i
o
n
d
i
,

P
e
t
r
o
l
t
e
c
n
i
c
a

S
p
A
.

L
a
t
e
s
t

v
e
r
s
i
o
n

a
s

o
f

0
4
/
0
6
/
2
0
0
9

1
0
:
3
8
.

N
o
t

t
o

b
e

d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
/
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
e
d
.

F
o
r

m
u
l
t
i
-
u
s
e
r

a
c
c
e
s
s

g
o

t
o
w
w
w
.
b
s
i
g
r
o
u
p
.
c
o
m
/
l
i
c
e
n
s
e

B
r
i
t
i
s
h

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
EN 13160-7:2003 (E)
3
Foreword
This document (EN 13160-7:2003) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN /TC 221, "Shop fabricated
tanks and equipment for storage tanks and for service stations", the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or
by endorsement, at the latest by November 2003, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest
by November 2003.
This European Standard consists of 7 parts:
Leak detection systems;
Part 1: General principles
Part 2: Pressure and vacuum systems
Part 3: Liquid systems for tanks
Part 4: Liquid and/or vapour sensor systems for use in leakage containments or interstitial spaces
Part 5: Tank gauge leak detection systems
Part 6: Sensors in monitoring wells
Part 7: General requirements and test methods for interstitial spaces, leak protecting linings and leak protecting
jackets
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries
are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies the type test of the interstitial space and the general requirements and test
methods for leak protecting linings and leak protecting jackets which are parts of leak detection systems.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For
dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European
Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the
publication referred to applies (including amendments).
EN 431, Resilient floor coverings Determination of peel resistance.
EN 4955, Flexible sheets for waterproofing - Determination of foldability at low temperature - Part 5: Plastic and
rubber sheets for roof waterproofing.
EN 9762, Underground tanks of glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) Horizontal cylindrical tanks for non-pressure
storage of liquid petroleum based fuels Part 2: Transport, handling, storage and installation of single wall tanks.
B
o
u
g
h
t

b
y

D
r
.

M
i
r
c
o

B
i
o
n
d
i
,

P
e
t
r
o
l
t
e
c
n
i
c
a

S
p
A
.

L
a
t
e
s
t

v
e
r
s
i
o
n

a
s

o
f

0
4
/
0
6
/
2
0
0
9

1
0
:
3
8
.

N
o
t

t
o

b
e

d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
/
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
e
d
.

F
o
r

m
u
l
t
i
-
u
s
e
r

a
c
c
e
s
s

g
o

t
o
w
w
w
.
b
s
i
g
r
o
u
p
.
c
o
m
/
l
i
c
e
n
s
e

B
r
i
t
i
s
h

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
EN 13160-7:2003 (E)
4
EN 1107-2:2001, Flexible sheets for waterproofing - Determination of dimensional stability - Part 2: Plastic and
rubber sheets for roof waterproofing.
EN 131601:2003, Leak detection systems Part 1: General principles.
EN 131602:2003, Leak detection systems Part 2: Pressure and vacuum systems.
EN ISO 62, Plastics - Determination of water absorption (ISO 62:1999).
EN ISO 751, Plastics - Determination of temperature of deflection under load - Part 1: General test method (ISO
75-1:1993).
EN ISO 752, Plastics - Determination of temperature of deflection under load - Part 2: Plastics and ebonite (ISO
75-2:1993).
EN ISO 753, Plastics - Determination of temperature of deflection under load - Part 3: High-strength thermosetting
laminates and long-fibre-reinforced plastics (ISO 75-3:1993).
EN ISO 175, Plastics - Methods of test for the determination of the effects of immersion in liquid chemicals (ISO
175:1999).
EN ISO 178, Plastics - Determination of flexural properties (ISO 178:2001).
EN ISO 179-1, Plastics - Determination of Charpy impact properties - Part 1: Non-instrumented impact test (ISO
179-1:2000).
EN ISO 179-2, Plastics - Determination of Charpy impact properties - Part 2: Instrumented impact test (ISO 179-
2:1997).
EN ISO 5271, Plastics - Determination of tensile properties - Part 1: General principles (ISO 527-1:1993 including
Corr 1:1994).
EN ISO 5273, Plastics - Determination of tensile properties - Part 3: Test conditions for films and sheets (ISO 527-
3:1995).
EN ISO 604, Plastics - Determination of compressive properties (ISO 604:1993).
EN ISO 85011, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products - Visual
assessment of surface cleanliness - Part 1: Rust grades and preparation grades of uncoated steel substrates and
of steel substrates after overall removal of previous coatings (ISO 8501-1:1988).
ISO 554, Standard atmospheres for conditioning and/or testing Specifications.
ISO 2528, Sheet materials - Determination of water vapour transmission rate - Gravimetric (dish) method.
ISO 4593, Plastics; film and sheeting; determination of thickness by mechanical scanning.
ISO 6133, Rubber and plastics - Analysis of multi-peak traces obtained in determinations of tear strength and
adhesion strength.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 13160-1:2003 apply.
4 Material
For leak protecting linings:
polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyurethane (PUR) according to 6.3;
B
o
u
g
h
t

b
y

D
r
.

M
i
r
c
o

B
i
o
n
d
i
,

P
e
t
r
o
l
t
e
c
n
i
c
a

S
p
A
.

L
a
t
e
s
t

v
e
r
s
i
o
n

a
s

o
f

0
4
/
0
6
/
2
0
0
9

1
0
:
3
8
.

N
o
t

t
o

b
e

d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
/
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
e
d
.

F
o
r

m
u
l
t
i
-
u
s
e
r

a
c
c
e
s
s

g
o

t
o
w
w
w
.
b
s
i
g
r
o
u
p
.
c
o
m
/
l
i
c
e
n
s
e

B
r
i
t
i
s
h

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
EN 13160-7:2003 (E)
5
glass reinforced plastics (GRP) according to 6.4.
For leak protecting jackets according to 7.2.
5 Type test of the interstitial space
5.1 General
The construction of the interstitial space and the free passage of liquid shall be tested with the aid of a construction
drawing and a sample of a tank or pipe.
5.2 Abbreviations and symbols
g is the force of gravity, in metres per second squared
h is the maximum filling height of the tank, in metres
p
MS
is the maximum possible surface pressure, in Pascal
p
0
is the ambient pressure, in Pascal
p
PA
is relative pressure at control point "pump off", in Pascal
p
1
is the relative vacuum pressure, in Pascal
p
2
is the relative pressure in the interstitial space after the admission test, in Pascal
p
2abs
is the pressure in the interstitial space after the admission test (p
0
+ p
2
), in Pascal
p is the differential pressure between the pressure before and after the admission of the air, in Pascal
s
1
is the initial thickness of the intermediate layer, in millimetres
s
2
is the residual thickness of the intermediate layer after loading with 50 kPa, in millimetres
s
3
is the half of the residual thickness s
2
, in millimetres
V
G
is the volume of the water filled vessel and the volume of the connection hose, in litres
V
w
is the volume of the flowed in water, in litres
V
z
is the volume of the receiver tank, in litres
V
1
is the volume of the interstitial space, in litres
is the density of the stored material in the tank, in kilograms per cubic metre.
5.3 Test equipment
receiver tank, volume 50 l to 80 l. The receiver tank shall have two ball valves in the top surface for connection with
the interstitial space and the vacuum pump and a drain cock with a connected hose assembly at the lowest point;
vessel with a graduation, volume at least 10 l;
measuring device for pressure (eg manometer), accuracy 0,6 % of the maximum graduated value;
measuring device for the volume flow, accuracy 2 % of the measured value;
pressure pump;
B
o
u
g
h
t

b
y

D
r
.

M
i
r
c
o

B
i
o
n
d
i
,

P
e
t
r
o
l
t
e
c
n
i
c
a

S
p
A
.

L
a
t
e
s
t

v
e
r
s
i
o
n

a
s

o
f

0
4
/
0
6
/
2
0
0
9

1
0
:
3
8
.

N
o
t

t
o

b
e

d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
/
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
e
d
.

F
o
r

m
u
l
t
i
-
u
s
e
r

a
c
c
e
s
s

g
o

t
o
w
w
w
.
b
s
i
g
r
o
u
p
.
c
o
m
/
l
i
c
e
n
s
e

B
r
i
t
i
s
h

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
EN 13160-7:2003 (E)
6
vacuum pump.
5.4 Proof of the tightness and the strength of the interstitial space
5.4.1 Test objective
The test objective is to ensure that the integrity of the interstitial space is maintained under all operating pressures.
5.4.2 Evaluation
The test shall be deemed to have been passed if the following condition is fulfilled:
t
V p p E B 1 ) (
10

>

in Pa l s
-1
where
p
B
is the pressure at the beginning of the test, in Pascal
p

is the pressure at the end of the test, in Pascal

t is the test time, in seconds
V
1
is the volume of the interstitial space, in litres
5.4.3 Test method
The test shall be carried out at a temperature above the freezing point of water but not exceeding + 40 C.
The tightness and the strength of the interstitial space shall be proved by a pressure test on a sample of a tank or
pipework at ambient pressure in the tank or pipework.
The difference of the ambient temperature shall be within a range of 1 K at the beginning and at the end of the test.
The following minimum test pressures shall be used:
for interstitial spaces, which are part of a leak detection system working on the basis of liquid or pressure at 1,1
times of the set pressure of the pressure relief valve, but at least at 60 kPa (0,6 bar) pressure;
for the interstitial spaces, which are part of a leak detection system working on the basis of vacuum at
1,1 times of the negative operating pressure of the leak detector and at 1,1 times of the internal operating
pressure of the pipework or the tank at pressurisation of the pipework or tank at the same time.
5.5 Test of the free passage of liquid (only for vacuum systems)
5.5.1 Preparation
For the test the vacuum leak detector shall be connected to either
the actual interstitial space for the tank or pipe or
a representative sample of the interstitial space of at least 1600 mm 900 mm.
The test sample shall include any seams/welds and intermediate layer and shall have at least two test nozzles at a
distance of 1500 mm apart.
5.5.2 Evaluation
The test is deemed to have been passed if the leak detector triggers an alarm, after the quantity of liquid, calculated
according to EN 131602:2003, Equation (3), has entered the interstitial space.
B
o
u
g
h
t

b
y

D
r
.

M
i
r
c
o

B
i
o
n
d
i
,

P
e
t
r
o
l
t
e
c
n
i
c
a

S
p
A
.

L
a
t
e
s
t

v
e
r
s
i
o
n

a
s

o
f

0
4
/
0
6
/
2
0
0
9

1
0
:
3
8
.

N
o
t

t
o

b
e

d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
/
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
e
d
.

F
o
r

m
u
l
t
i
-
u
s
e
r

a
c
c
e
s
s

g
o

t
o
w
w
w
.
b
s
i
g
r
o
u
p
.
c
o
m
/
l
i
c
e
n
s
e

B
r
i
t
i
s
h

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
EN 13160-7:2003 (E)
7
5.5.3 Test method
The test shall be carried out at a temperature above the freezing point of water.
The admission of the test medium shall be made through that test nozzle, where the distance to the connection piece
of the leak detector is the greatest, until the alarm at the leak detector is released. The passage for the stored product
shall be checked by direct admission of water. If the viscosity of the stored product exceeds the viscosity of water, the
test shall be carried out directly with the stored product or with a comparable liquid. The pressure in the interstitial
space shall be recorded by a manometer fitted at a test nozzle of the interstitial space and the switching points of the
connected leak detector have to be controlled.
5.6 Test of the free passage of air
5.6.1 Evaluation
The test shall be deemed to have been passed, if after opening of the interstitial space due to drilling a 2 mm hole air
is deflated in the interstitial space at the pressure system and the pressure in the interstitial space falls or at the
vacuum system air is sucked into the interstitial space due to drilling a 2 mm hole, so that the pressure in the
interstitial space increases immediately.
5.6.2 Preparation
A manometer shall be connected to a nozzle for the leak detector at the interstitial space. Further nozzles shall be
tightly shut by a stop valve. The interstitial space shall be evacuated by an externally connected vacuum pump to a
vacuum of -60 kPa for vacuum systems. For pressure systems the interstitial space shall be pressurized by an
externally pressure pump to a pressure of + 60 kPa.
5.6.3 Test method
The test shall be carried out at a temperature above the freezing point of water.
The free passage of the interstitial space of the sample of the tank or pipework shall be tested by sampling by means
of borings with a drill (2 mm) at positions determined by the person during the test. The pressure or vacuum reached
before the test is carried out shall be reduced within a short time according to the capacity of the interstitial space by
charging and discharging and shall be visible at the manometer.
5.7 Flow rate test of the intermediate layer
5.7.1 Test objective
The test objective is to ensure a suitable passage for air, stored product and/or water.
5.7.2 Test equipment
Thickness tester, with an accuracy of 0,01 mm;
two quadratic steel retaining plates 100 mm 100 mm, thickness 10 mm;
two quadratic steel pressure plates 150 mm 150 mm, thickness 10 mm, with a hole of 10 mm each in the corner
sphere. One steel plate has a hole in the middle of the plate with a diameter of 6 mm and a fitting with a diameter of
6 mm is also welded on in the middle of the plate;
four locking screws, 8 mm;
compression device, with an accuracy of 1 %;
air impermeable foil, e. g. PE 0,75 mm thickness;
environmental chamber;
vacuum pump;
B
o
u
g
h
t

b
y

D
r
.

M
i
r
c
o

B
i
o
n
d
i
,

P
e
t
r
o
l
t
e
c
n
i
c
a

S
p
A
.

L
a
t
e
s
t

v
e
r
s
i
o
n

a
s

o
f

0
4
/
0
6
/
2
0
0
9

1
0
:
3
8
.

N
o
t

t
o

b
e

d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
/
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
e
d
.

F
o
r

m
u
l
t
i
-
u
s
e
r

a
c
c
e
s
s

g
o

t
o
w
w
w
.
b
s
i
g
r
o
u
p
.
c
o
m
/
l
i
c
e
n
s
e

B
r
i
t
i
s
h

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
EN 13160-7:2003 (E)
8
measuring device for the volume flow.
5.7.3 Preparation
The tests shall be carried out at least at three quadratic test samples with the dimensions of 100 mm 100 mm.
5.7.4 Evaluation
The test shall be deemed to have been passed, if the air current back pressure emanating from the intermediate layer
is not less than - 1 kPa (10 mbar) at a volume flow of (85 15) l/h of air.
For protecting the lining the intermediate layer shall be tested at 1,3 times the maximum possible surface pressure
(p
MS
) but a minimum of 50 kPa (0,5 bar).
For protecting the jacket the intermediate layer shall be tested at 1,3 times the maximum possible surface pressure
(p
MS
) but a minimum of 100 MPa (1000 bar).
Maximum possible surface pressure according to Equation (1):
p
MS
= g h + p
PA
(1)
5.7.5 Test method
The test shall be carried out at a temperature of (20 5) C. First the initial thickness of the intermediate layers (s
1
)
shall be measured with the thickness tester. After the measurement the intermediate layers shall be laid between the
two test plates. Through the upper test plate the test samples shall be charged with the help of the compression
device:
for linings with the calculated maximum possible surface pressure (p
MS
), but a minimum of 50 kPa;
for jackets with 1,3 times the maximum possible surface pressure (p
MS
), but a minimum of 100 MPa.
After reaching the steady state condition but not before a minimum period of 14 days has elapsed the residual
thickness (s
2
) shall be measured and the test equipment shall be installed in the environmental chamber. The test
samples shall be charged further with the maximum possible surface pressure (p
MS
) and the measurement of the
thickness shall be repeated at the limiting temperatures of the given operating conditions as mentioned in 5.1 of
EN 13160-1:2003. The steady state condition has been reached, if two measurements of the residual thickness (s
2
)
made at intervals of 24 h do not differ by more than 1 % from the thickness (s
1
). If after 90 days the steady state
condition has not been achieved the test has failed. Following this test the intermediate layers shall be pressed with
the help of the pressure plates and the locking screws until half of the residual thickness of the intermediate layers (s
3
)
has been achieved or the pressure exceeds 2 p
MS
.
At the fittings, located in the middle of the plate, a vacuum pump with an inserted measuring device for pressure, eg
u-tube, shall be connected. At the exit of the vacuum pump a valve for throttling the volume flow shall be installed, so
that the volume flow can be adjusted to the given value of 85 l/h through the secondary measuring device for the
volume flow. The length of the connecting line of the manometer to the fittings of the interstitial space shall be
250 mm. The flexible connecting lines at the connection of the vacuum pump and the measuring device for the
volume flow shall be realized with an internal diameter of 6 mm.
The total length of the connecting line from the fittings to the vacuum pump shall be max. 1 m for the measurements.
After installation of the test equipment as mentioned above and in Figure 1 the flow resistance shall be taken from the
measuring device for pressure after turning-on the vacuum pump and adjusting the volume flow to 85 l/h. The
measurement shall be repeated at each test sample. The mean of the measured values shall be compared with the
limiting value of -1 kPa.
B
o
u
g
h
t

b
y

D
r
.

M
i
r
c
o

B
i
o
n
d
i
,

P
e
t
r
o
l
t
e
c
n
i
c
a

S
p
A
.

L
a
t
e
s
t

v
e
r
s
i
o
n

a
s

o
f

0
4
/
0
6
/
2
0
0
9

1
0
:
3
8
.

N
o
t

t
o

b
e

d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
/
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
e
d
.

F
o
r

m
u
l
t
i
-
u
s
e
r

a
c
c
e
s
s

g
o

t
o
w
w
w
.
b
s
i
g
r
o
u
p
.
c
o
m
/
l
i
c
e
n
s
e

B
r
i
t
i
s
h

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
EN 13160-7:2003 (E)
9
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 Connection for vacuum pump with 85 l/h air
2 Measuring device for pressure
3 Test plate
4 Intermediate layer
5 Air impermeable foil
Test sample Initial thickness
s1
Mm
Res. thickness at pMS
after loading s2
mm
1/2 residual
thickness s2
s3
mm
flow back pressure at a flow of
85 l/h air
(set-up as shown)
kPa
Figure 1 Flow rate test set-up
5.8 Determination of the flow resistance
5.8.1 General
The flow resistance for the interstitial space shall be determined by means of the test arrangement in Figure 4 to 6.
5.8.2 Evaluation
The test shall be deemed to have been passed, if the flow resistance shown at the u-tube does not exceed the
value of - 1 kPa when sucked with an air volume flow of 85 l/h is applied through a vacuum pump fitted at the
interstitial space.
Before the test is carried out according to 5.1 to 5.7 the suitability of the type of the interstitial space shall be proved
as described below.
B
o
u
g
h
t

b
y

D
r
.

M
i
r
c
o

B
i
o
n
d
i
,

P
e
t
r
o
l
t
e
c
n
i
c
a

S
p
A
.

L
a
t
e
s
t

v
e
r
s
i
o
n

a
s

o
f

0
4
/
0
6
/
2
0
0
9

1
0
:
3
8
.

N
o
t

t
o

b
e

d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
/
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
e
d
.

F
o
r

m
u
l
t
i
-
u
s
e
r

a
c
c
e
s
s

g
o

t
o
w
w
w
.
b
s
i
g
r
o
u
p
.
c
o
m
/
l
i
c
e
n
s
e

B
r
i
t
i
s
h

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
EN 13160-7:2003 (E)
10
In case of materials of the interstitial space where the resistance with respect to the stored product is not proved,
the test specimen shall be stored for at least two months in the respective stored product or in a comparable testing
liquid. Through the test nozzles of the test specimen the liquid shall be passed into the interstitial space until it is
full. After the storage time has expired the interstitial space shall be evacuated and dried so that the measurement
for determination of the flow resistance can be made, whilst the above mentioned limiting values shall be
maintained. After conclusion of the measurement the test specimen shall be opened and the condition of the
interstitial space shall be checked visually with respect to free passage.
5.8.3 Preparation
For the test at the test specimen a test piece according to the type of the interstitial space in dimensions of
500 mm 500 mm with four test nozzles installed at a distance of 400 mm has to be put at disposal. One test
nozzle serves as the opening of ventilation. At a second test nozzle a vacuum pump shall be installed with a
manometer inserted, e. g. a u-tube. The length of the connecting line of the manometer up to the connecting nozzle
shall be 250 mm.
The sides of the test specimen shall be closed gas tight. At the exit of the vacuum pump a flow control valve shall
be installed, so that the volume flow can be adjusted by the downstream volume indicator to the given value of
85 l/h (Figure 2). The flexible interconnection lines for the connection of the leak detector and the volume indicator
shall be designed with an inside diameter of 6 mm. The entire length of the interconnection line of the connecting
nozzle up to the u-tube shall be 1 m for the measurement.
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 Test nozzle C 4 mm
2 Measuring device for pressure
3 Vacuum pump with constant volume flow of 85 l/h
4 Measuring instrument for volume flow
5 Interstitial space of the test sample
Figure 2 Suitability test of the construction of the interstitial space
With tanks, the tests for determination of the flow resistance shall be carried out at three further test nozzles, which
shall be distributed over the tank circumference. With pipeworks, additionally to the connecting nozzles for the leak
detector and to the test nozzles, two further test nozzles shall be installed at a distance of 2,5 m apart to the
nozzles already available. The testing apparatus shall be installed according to Figure 3 and Figure 4.
B
o
u
g
h
t

b
y

D
r
.

M
i
r
c
o

B
i
o
n
d
i
,

P
e
t
r
o
l
t
e
c
n
i
c
a

S
p
A
.

L
a
t
e
s
t

v
e
r
s
i
o
n

a
s

o
f

0
4
/
0
6
/
2
0
0
9

1
0
:
3
8
.

N
o
t

t
o

b
e

d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
/
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
e
d
.

F
o
r

m
u
l
t
i
-
u
s
e
r

a
c
c
e
s
s

g
o

t
o
w
w
w
.
b
s
i
g
r
o
u
p
.
c
o
m
/
l
i
c
e
n
s
e

B
r
i
t
i
s
h

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
EN 13160-7:2003 (E)
11
Key
1 Valve
2 Interstitial space
3 Measuring device for pressure
4 Vacuum pump with constant volume flow of 85 l/h
5 Measuring instrument for volume flow
Figure 3 Test set-up for the determination of the flow resistance of the interstitial space of tanks
Key
1 Valve
2 Measuring device for pressure
3 Vacuum pump with constant volume flow of 85 l/h
4 Measuring instrument for volume flow
5 Double skin pipework if needed with formed pieces and fittings
Figure 4 Test set-up for the determination of the flow resistance of the interstitial space of pipework
B
o
u
g
h
t

b
y

D
r
.

M
i
r
c
o

B
i
o
n
d
i
,

P
e
t
r
o
l
t
e
c
n
i
c
a

S
p
A
.

L
a
t
e
s
t

v
e
r
s
i
o
n

a
s

o
f

0
4
/
0
6
/
2
0
0
9

1
0
:
3
8
.

N
o
t

t
o

b
e

d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
/
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
e
d
.

F
o
r

m
u
l
t
i
-
u
s
e
r

a
c
c
e
s
s

g
o

t
o
w
w
w
.
b
s
i
g
r
o
u
p
.
c
o
m
/
l
i
c
e
n
s
e

B
r
i
t
i
s
h

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
EN 13160-7:2003 (E)
12
5.8.4 Test method
The test shall be carried out at a temperature above the freezing point of water.
After installation of the test apparatus as shown above, the flow resistance shall be taken from the manometer after
starting the vacuum pump and adjusting the volume flow to 85 l/h. The measurement shall be repeated at each test
nozzle, whilst the test nozzle with the greatest distance from the measuring nozzle shall be opened. The measured
values shall be recorded and compared with the limiting value of -1 kPa.
5.9 Determination of the interstitial space volume for class I-systems
5.9.1 Test objective
The test objective is to ensure that the interstitial space volume for class I systems does not exceed 8 m
3
for a tank
and 10 m
3
for a pipe such that the class I type test procedure can be carried out.
5.9.2 Evaluation
The volume of the interstitial space shall be determined by calculation and by admission tests. The test shall be
deemed to have been passed if the measured volume of the interstitial space is within 20 % of the calculated value
and if it does not exceed 8 m
3
for tanks and 10 m
3
for pipes.
5.9.3 Admission tests
Air or water of a defined volume shall be entered to determine the volume of the interstitial space. A receiver tank
with a volume of 50 l to 80 l shall be arranged in line for that admission test.
5.9.4 Preparation
The test shall be carried out at a temperature above the freezing point of water.
For tanks and pipes one sample shall be chosen which is representative for the used construction method. The
length of the sample of the pipework shall be at least 10 m. All fittings shall be included in the sample of the
pipework.
The interstitial space shall be evacuated by a vacuum pump connected to the suction or pressure nozzle until a
vacuum of at least 60 kPa has been reached. The manometer shall be connected with one of these nozzles. The
vacuum p
1
shall be documented before the admission test start. The receiver tank shall be connected with a further
fitting of the interstitial space. The receiver tank shall have the ambient pressure during the admission test with air,
see Figure 5. The receiver tank shall have vacuum together with the interstitial space during the admission test with
water, see Figure 6.
Key
1 Valve
2 Measuring device for pressure
3 Interstitial space
4 Three way valve with a connection for a vacuum pump
5 Receiver tank
Figure 5 Test set-up for the admission test on field
B
o
u
g
h
t

b
y

D
r
.

M
i
r
c
o

B
i
o
n
d
i
,

P
e
t
r
o
l
t
e
c
n
i
c
a

S
p
A
.

L
a
t
e
s
t

v
e
r
s
i
o
n

a
s

o
f

0
4
/
0
6
/
2
0
0
9

1
0
:
3
8
.

N
o
t

t
o

b
e

d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
/
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
e
d
.

F
o
r

m
u
l
t
i
-
u
s
e
r

a
c
c
e
s
s

g
o

t
o
w
w
w
.
b
s
i
g
r
o
u
p
.
c
o
m
/
l
i
c
e
n
s
e

B
r
i
t
i
s
h

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
EN 13160-7:2003 (E)
13
Admission test with air
An opening of the interconnection line between the interstitial space and the receiver tank leads to a pressure
compensation between the receiver tank and the interstitial space (in the receiver tank is the ambient pressure p
0
).
All other openings of the receiver tank shall remain closed. The changed pressure p
2
shall be measured after the
pressure compensation and shall be used for the calculation of the volume of the interstitial space. The volume of
the interstitial space shall be calculated according to Equation (2)
p
=
2
z 1
A

p
V V
(2)
Admission test with water
Water shall be available in a vessel with a graduation, volume at least 10 l. A connection hose from the receiver
tank shall be immersed into the water filled vessel, see Figure 6.
Key
1 Valve
2 Measuring device for pressure
3 Interstitial space
4 Three way valve with a connection for a vacuum pump
5 Receiver tank
6 Vessel for water
Figure 6 Test set-up for the admission test with water in laboratory
By opening the connection hose between the water filled vessel and the receiver tank a given volume of water is
flowed into the receiver tank by the there prevailing vacuum. The entered volume shall be measured. The
admission test shall be repeated 10 times, as long as a clear pressure change of at least = 15 kPa can be read
at the connected manometer. The changed pressure p
2
of the interstitial space shall be read at the manometer and
shall be used for the calculation of the volume of the interstitial space. The volume of the interstitial space shall be
calculated according to Equation (3).
V
V
p
V G
w
abs 2
1
-
p

=
A

(3)
B
o
u
g
h
t

b
y

D
r
.

M
i
r
c
o

B
i
o
n
d
i
,

P
e
t
r
o
l
t
e
c
n
i
c
a

S
p
A
.

L
a
t
e
s
t

v
e
r
s
i
o
n

a
s

o
f

0
4
/
0
6
/
2
0
0
9

1
0
:
3
8
.

N
o
t

t
o

b
e

d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
/
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
e
d
.

F
o
r

m
u
l
t
i
-
u
s
e
r

a
c
c
e
s
s

g
o

t
o
w
w
w
.
b
s
i
g
r
o
u
p
.
c
o
m
/
l
i
c
e
n
s
e

B
r
i
t
i
s
h

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
EN 13160-7:2003 (E)
14
6 Leak protecting lining
6.1 General
Leak protecting linings shall meet the test requirements according to clause 5.
Leak protecting linings shall withstand temperature, chemical and mechanical impacts, shall be resistant to the
stored product and shall have no deleterious effect on the stored product.
Where regulations require, the leak protecting lining used in a conductive tank shall be conductive with a surface
resistance of less than 1 10
9
C in order to dissipate any electrostatic charges if the stored product has a flash
point of < 55 C.
This requirement shall be verified during type test of the lining unless the surface resistance of the lining is already
documented.
Where the leak protecting lining has a greater suface resistance than 1 10
9
C an object shall be inserted in the
stored product which is capable of dissipating the electrostatic charges loads, either
1) a steel plate with a surface of (0,04 V
t
) in m
2
in which V
t
is the volume in m
3
of the tank or
2) steel filling, dipping and/or suction pipes which have a total surface as indicated above.
In both cases the object inserted in the stored product shall have provision for earthing with a resistance less than 1000 C.
In case of concrete tanks no joints are allowed below the maximum filling height and the outside of the concrete
tank shall be protected against the penetration of water.
6.2 Abbreviations and symbols
D is the diameter of the tank, in metres
L is the length of the tank with flat ends, in metres
N is the volume ratio gas : liquid per unit of mass
P is the permeation of the lining, in kilograms per metre squared and day
V
p
is the volume of vapour entering the interstitial space per day, in cubic metres
V
t
is the volume of the tank, in cubic metres
is the density of the stored material in the tank, in kilograms per cubic metres.
6.3 Flexible leak protecting linings
6.3.1 General
Flexible leak protecting linings consist of flexible materials and are fashioned according to the dimensions of the
tank. Flexible leak protecting linings can only be used with vacuum leak detection systems.
6.3.2 Material
The sheets shall be free from blisters, fissures, pores and any non-homogeneity. Obvious, easily detectable
irregularities shall be identified by a visual examination. The suitability shall be proved by the manufacturer and
shall be confirmed by type test. Requirements for the materials according to Table 1 to 4.
B
o
u
g
h
t

b
y

D
r
.

M
i
r
c
o

B
i
o
n
d
i
,

P
e
t
r
o
l
t
e
c
n
i
c
a

S
p
A
.

L
a
t
e
s
t

v
e
r
s
i
o
n

a
s

o
f

0
4
/
0
6
/
2
0
0
9

1
0
:
3
8
.

N
o
t

t
o

b
e

d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
/
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
e
d
.

F
o
r

m
u
l
t
i
-
u
s
e
r

a
c
c
e
s
s

g
o

t
o
w
w
w
.
b
s
i
g
r
o
u
p
.
c
o
m
/
l
i
c
e
n
s
e

B
r
i
t
i
s
h

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
EN 13160-7:2003 (E)
15
Table 1 Mechanical properties for polyvinylchloride (PVC)
Property Test method Dimension Required value
Tensile strength,
Lengthwise and across
EN ISO 527-1 and EN ISO 527-3;
Test speed: 200 mm/min 10 %
Specimen: Type 2
N/mm
2
> 15
Tensile elongation,
Lengthwise and across
EN ISO 527-1 and EN ISO 527-3;
Test speed: 200 mm/min 10 %
Specimen: Type 2
% > 200
Reaction of joint to shear test EN ISO 527-1 and EN ISO 527-3;
Test speed: 200 mm/min 10 % Specimen:
Type 2
Off-joint fracture,
joint factor > 0,65
Adhesion of multi-
layered sheet material
In conformity with EN 431, ISO 6133,
EN ISO 527-1 and EN ISO 527-3;
Test speed: 100 mm/min 10 %
Specimen: Type 2
N/mm > 2,0
Variation in dimension in either
direction after storage at 80 C
EN 1107-2:2001; in a hot cabinet 2 h in air of (80
2) C and then 30 min at normal climate on a
cover, which shall not affect the dimensions
% s 2,0
Reaction in either direction to
folding at a temperature of
- 20 C
EN 495-5 No fissures may occur on
either top or bottom surface
Table 2 Mechanical properties of polyurethane (PUR)
Property Test method Dimension Required value
Tensile strength,
Lengthwise and across
EN ISO 527-1 and EN ISO 527-3;
Test speed: 200 mm/min 10 %
Specimen: Type 2
N/mm
2
> 50
Tensile elongation,
Lengthwise and across
EN ISO 527-1 and EN ISO 527-3;
Test speed: 200 mm/min 10 %
Specimen: Type 2
% > 450
Reaction of joint to shear test EN ISO 527-1 and EN ISO 527-3;
Test speed: 200 mm/min 10 %
Specimen: Type 2

Off-joint fracture,
joint factor > 0,5
Variation in dimension in either
direction after storage at 80 C
EN 1107-2:2001; in a hot cabinet 2 hours in air of
(80 2) C and then 30 min at normal climate on
a cover, which shall not affect the dimensions
% s 2,0
Reaction in either direction to
folding at a temperature of
- 20 C
EN 495-5 No fissures may occur on
either top or bottom surface
B
o
u
g
h
t

b
y

D
r
.

M
i
r
c
o

B
i
o
n
d
i
,

P
e
t
r
o
l
t
e
c
n
i
c
a

S
p
A
.

L
a
t
e
s
t

v
e
r
s
i
o
n

a
s

o
f

0
4
/
0
6
/
2
0
0
9

1
0
:
3
8
.

N
o
t

t
o

b
e

d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
/
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
e
d
.

F
o
r

m
u
l
t
i
-
u
s
e
r

a
c
c
e
s
s

g
o

t
o
w
w
w
.
b
s
i
g
r
o
u
p
.
c
o
m
/
l
i
c
e
n
s
e

B
r
i
t
i
s
h

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
EN 13160-7:2003 (E)
16
Table 3 Effects of test media for polyvinylchloride (PVC)
Property Test method Dimension Required value
Passage of stored product
L) 2 + (D N D 10



s

p V 2
P
but
max 8 g/m
2
day
Passage of de-ionized water
In conformity with ISO 2528 at nor-
mal climate, passage shall be
determined after the following
storage periods: 1, 3, 7, 14 and 56 d
g/m
2
day
max 4 g/m
2
day
Change of mass after storage in
deionized water and stored product
In conformity with EN ISO 62 at
normal climate, change shall be
determined after the following
storage periods: 1, 3, 7, 14 and 56 d
%
s 15
Change of tensile strength and
elongation, in either direction after
storage in deionized water and stored
product (56 d at 23 C)
EN ISO 527-1 and EN ISO 527-3
Test speed: 200 mm/min 10 %
Specimen: Type 2
%
s 25
for elongation the measured value
as per Table 2
Change of tensile strength and
elongation, in either direction after
storage in of folded materials in
deionized water and stored product
(56 d at 23 C)
EN ISO 527-1 and EN ISO 527-3
Test speed: 200 mm/min 10 %
Specimen: Type 2
%
s 25
Change of reaction of the joint to shear
test after storage in deionized water and
stored product (56 d at 23 C)
EN ISO 527-1 and EN ISO 527-3
Test speed: 200 mm/min 10 %
Specimen: Type 2

Off-joint fracture
B
o
u
g
h
t

b
y

D
r
.

M
i
r
c
o

B
i
o
n
d
i
,

P
e
t
r
o
l
t
e
c
n
i
c
a

S
p
A
.

L
a
t
e
s
t

v
e
r
s
i
o
n

a
s

o
f

0
4
/
0
6
/
2
0
0
9

1
0
:
3
8
.

N
o
t

t
o

b
e

d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
/
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
e
d
.

F
o
r

m
u
l
t
i
-
u
s
e
r

a
c
c
e
s
s

g
o

t
o
w
w
w
.
b
s
i
g
r
o
u
p
.
c
o
m
/
l
i
c
e
n
s
e

B
r
i
t
i
s
h

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
EN 13160-7:2003 (E)
17
Table 4 Effects of test media on polyurethane (PUR)
Property Test method Dimension Required value
Passage of fuel according to
EN 228 with 3 % Vol. metha-
nol
a
In conformity with ISO 2528 at normal
climate, passage shall be determined after
the following storage periods: 1, 3, 7, 14
and 56 d
g/m
2
day
max 300 g/m
2
day
b
Passage of stored products at
installation of the leak pro-
tecting lining in tanks with a
passage of storage product
> 0 g/m
2
d
L) 2 + (D N D 10

p


s

V
2
P
but
max 8 g/m
2
day
Passage of deionized water max 4 g/m
2
day
Change of mass after storage
in deionized water and stored
product
In conformity with EN ISO 62 at normal
climate, change shall be determined after
the following storage periods: 1, 3, 7, 14
and 56 d
% s 25
Change of tensile strength
and elongation, crosswise
direction each, after storage in
deionized water
EN ISO 527-1 and EN ISO 527-3
Test speed: 200 mm/min 10 %
Specimen: Type 2
change of tensile strength max 30
change of tensile elongation max 15
And stored product
(56 d at 23 C)
%
change of tensile strength max 50
change of tensile elongation max 25
Change of tensile strength
and elongation, after storage
of folded material in de-
ionized water
EN ISO 527-1 and EN ISO 527-3
Test speed: 200 mm/min 10 %
Specimen: Type 2
change of tensile strength max 30
change of tensile elongation max 15
And stored product
(56 d at 23 C)
%
change of tensile strength max 60
change of tensile elongation max 30
Change of reaction of the joint
to shear test after storage in
deionized water and stored
product (56 d at 23 C)
EN ISO 527-1 and EN ISO 527-3
Test speed: 200 mm/min 10 %
Specimen: Type 2

Off-joint fracture
a
The fuel's content of methanol according to EN 228 has to be examined before using. If necessary methanol shall be
added to reach the 3 Vol. % .
b
Is only applicable to leak protecting linings for installation in tanks with a passage of fuel according to EN 228 of
0 g/m
2
d.
6.3.3 Fashioning of the lining
The lining shall be fashioned to match the true dimensions of the tank and be adequately true to size. It shall be
designed such that it can easily be fixed.
After completion the lining shall be pressure tested for a leak-proof condition. The manufacturer shall document the
successful proof with a certificate.
NOTE Plastic sheets of different properties should not be joined.
Joints which are more than double-layered shall be produced by high frequency (HF) or another welding technique
which is comparable in its results. All other joints may be manufactured by welding techniques which ensure a
B
o
u
g
h
t

b
y

D
r
.

M
i
r
c
o

B
i
o
n
d
i
,

P
e
t
r
o
l
t
e
c
n
i
c
a

S
p
A
.

L
a
t
e
s
t

v
e
r
s
i
o
n

a
s

o
f

0
4
/
0
6
/
2
0
0
9

1
0
:
3
8
.

N
o
t

t
o

b
e

d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
/
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
e
d
.

F
o
r

m
u
l
t
i
-
u
s
e
r

a
c
c
e
s
s

g
o

t
o
w
w
w
.
b
s
i
g
r
o
u
p
.
c
o
m
/
l
i
c
e
n
s
e

B
r
i
t
i
s
h

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
EN 13160-7:2003 (E)
18
continuous, homogeneous welding (e. g. heating wedge welding). The joint width defined according to the material
used shall not exceed a tolerance of 25 %.
6.3.4 Prevention of damage from impact of lining
The lining shall be suitably mechanically protected against impact, e. g. by dipstick, tools and ladder insertion.
When a guard plate is used, it shall be compatible with the lining and the stored product, be larger than the
manhole and be secured against movement. It shall be tested in accordance with 6.3.5.3.
6.3.5 Test
6.3.5.1 General
Specimens with and without joints shall be tested and all failures on jointed test pieces shall occur outside the joint.
If there are no other conditions to be considered, the specimens shall be stored and tested at normal climate
conditions.
6.3.5.2 Material
The materials shall be tested according to Table 1 to 3.
The density and composition of the material used shall be stated. Any changes shall result in a new type test.
6.3.5.3 Test of impact for the guard plate or the lining itself, if it is used without a guard plate.
6.3.5.3.1 Test objective
The test objective is to ensure the lining is not easily damaged.
6.3.5.3.2 Test method
The guard plate or the lining itself shall be placed on a solid base.
The impact test is made by dropping a 340 g, 18 mm diameter, round steel bar with a blunt conical point in free fall
through a pilot tube, according to the height of the tank. The test sample shall not be pierced.
Impact test set up is shown in Figure 7.
B
o
u
g
h
t

b
y

D
r
.

M
i
r
c
o

B
i
o
n
d
i
,

P
e
t
r
o
l
t
e
c
n
i
c
a

S
p
A
.

L
a
t
e
s
t

v
e
r
s
i
o
n

a
s

o
f

0
4
/
0
6
/
2
0
0
9

1
0
:
3
8
.

N
o
t

t
o

b
e

d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
/
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
e
d
.

F
o
r

m
u
l
t
i
-
u
s
e
r

a
c
c
e
s
s

g
o

t
o
w
w
w
.
b
s
i
g
r
o
u
p
.
c
o
m
/
l
i
c
e
n
s
e

B
r
i
t
i
s
h

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
EN 13160-7:2003 (E)
19
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
h Height of the tank
1 Pilot tube
2 Drop spike mass 340 g
3 Guard plate
4 Test film
5 Solid base
Figure 7 Impact test set-up
6.3.6 Marking
Flexible leak protecting linings shall be marked with:
surface resistance;
material.
6.3.7 Installation
The installation of the lining, the intermediate layer and the fittings and the final examination shall be executed
according to the manufacturer's instructions.
The tank shall be labelled that the tank is provided with a flexible lining.
The installation company shall certify that the installation is in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
B
o
u
g
h
t

b
y

D
r
.

M
i
r
c
o

B
i
o
n
d
i
,

P
e
t
r
o
l
t
e
c
n
i
c
a

S
p
A
.

L
a
t
e
s
t

v
e
r
s
i
o
n

a
s

o
f

0
4
/
0
6
/
2
0
0
9

1
0
:
3
8
.

N
o
t

t
o

b
e

d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
/
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
e
d
.

F
o
r

m
u
l
t
i
-
u
s
e
r

a
c
c
e
s
s

g
o

t
o
w
w
w
.
b
s
i
g
r
o
u
p
.
c
o
m
/
l
i
c
e
n
s
e

B
r
i
t
i
s
h

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
EN 13160-7:2003 (E)
20
6.4 GRP-rigid leak protecting linings
6.4.1 General
Glass fibre reinforced, unsaturated polyester resin (GRP-UP) and glass fibre reinforced epoxide resin (GRP-EP)
are permissible as material for rigid leak protecting linings. Glass fibre inserts consist of textile glass fibres, glass
silk fibres and bonded fibre fabric.
Other suitable materials may also be used if the appropriate values in Table 5 to 7 are fulfilled. The suitability shall
be proved. The specific processing conditions of the material manufacturer (e.g. temperature, humidity) shall be
observed during fabrication of GRP-rigid leak protecting linings.
The production control shall ensure that any defects will be recognized and removed. Fabrication by hand and the
retouching of GRP-rigid leak protecting linings shall only be done by suitable trained staff in the knowledge of the
system.
6.4.2 UP-resin lining
The UP-resin moulding materials shall be manufactured from reaction resins, which consist of unsaturated
polyester resins and therefore of copolymerized, monomeric, unsaturated compounds. Requirements for the
moulding materials of the linings according to Table 5 and 7.
Table 5 Requirements for unsaturated polyester resin (UP) moulding materials
sample
Property Dimension Test method
dimension
mm
number
Values of
property
Flexural strength MPa EN ISO 178 50 6 4 5 min 80
Impact strength kJ/m
2
EN ISO
179-1 and
EN ISO
179-2
50 6 4 5 min 5
Dimensional stability under heat
C
EN ISO 75-1
EN ISO 75-2
EN ISO 75-3
120 15 4
3
min 50
Change in mass after 28 days storage in
distilled water
heating oil of +50 C
mg/sample
mg/sample
EN ISO 175
50 50 4
50 50 4
3
3
max 150
0 to -60
Change of flexural strength after 28 days storage
in
distilled water
heating oil of +50 C
%
%
EN ISO 175
and
EN ISO 178
50 6 4
50 6 4
5
5
max -30
max -30
The mean values of the flexural strength and of the impact strength shall fulfil the requirements of Table 5. The single value of
the flexural strength may be up to 15 % and the single value of the impact strength may be up to 30 % under the values of
Table 5. The single value of the other properties shall fulfil the requirements of Table 5.
6.4.3 EP-resin lining
The EP-resin moulding materials shall be manufactured from reaction resins, which have a sufficient number of
epoxy groups and develop:
through polyaddition with polyamines or acid anhydrides; or
through polymerization with boron trifluoride complexes without separation of volatile components.
B
o
u
g
h
t

b
y

D
r
.

M
i
r
c
o

B
i
o
n
d
i
,

P
e
t
r
o
l
t
e
c
n
i
c
a

S
p
A
.

L
a
t
e
s
t

v
e
r
s
i
o
n

a
s

o
f

0
4
/
0
6
/
2
0
0
9

1
0
:
3
8
.

N
o
t

t
o

b
e

d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
/
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
e
d
.

F
o
r

m
u
l
t
i
-
u
s
e
r

a
c
c
e
s
s

g
o

t
o
w
w
w
.
b
s
i
g
r
o
u
p
.
c
o
m
/
l
i
c
e
n
s
e

B
r
i
t
i
s
h

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
EN 13160-7:2003 (E)
21
sufficient hardness.
Requirements for the moulding materials of the linings according to Tables 6 and 7.
Table 6 Requirements for epoxide resin (EP) moulding materials
sample
Property Dimension Test method
dimension
mm
number
Values of property
Flexural strength MPa EN ISO 178 50 6 4 5 min 100
Impact strength kJ/m
2
EN ISO 179-1 and
EN ISO 179-2
50 6 4 5 min 8
Dimensional stability under heat C EN ISO 75-1
EN ISO 75-2
EN ISO 75-3
120 15 4 3 min 80
Change in weight after 28 days storage
distilled water
heating oil of + 50 C
mg/sample
mg/sample
EN ISO 175
50 50 4
50 50 4
3
3
max 150
0 to -60
Change of flexural strength after 28 days
storage
distilled water
heating oil of + 50 C
%
%
EN ISO 175 and
EN ISO 178
50 6 4
50 6 4
5
5
max -20
max -20
The mean values of the flexural strength and of the impact strength shall fulfil the requirements of Table 6. The single value of
the flexural strength may be up to 15 % and the single value of the impact strength may be up to 30 % under the values of
Table 6. The single value of the other properties shall fulfil the requirements of Table 6.
Table 7 Requirements for the properties of rigid leak protecting linings
sample
Property Dimension Test method
dimension
mm
number
Values of property
Change of mass after 112 days storage
in water
and stored product
% EN ISO 175 50 50
sampling height
5 immediately after storage
and cleaning
s 4,5
Compression strength at condition at
time of supply
N/mm
2
EN ISO 604 50 50
sampling height
5 > 1,0
Change of compression strength after
112 days storage at ambient temperature
in water and stored product
% EN ISO 604 50 50
sampling height
5 max 40 %
6.4.4 Textile glass fibres
Textile glass fibres shall consist of alkali free glass silk fibres with adhesive agent of hydrosilicon compounds or
equivalent compounds.
The glass silk fibres shall be used in the shape of chopped or unchopped rovings, mats or woven textile.
Bonded fibre fabrics (e. g. glass fibre, synthetic fibres) may be used for surface layers.
B
o
u
g
h
t

b
y

D
r
.

M
i
r
c
o

B
i
o
n
d
i
,

P
e
t
r
o
l
t
e
c
n
i
c
a

S
p
A
.

L
a
t
e
s
t

v
e
r
s
i
o
n

a
s

o
f

0
4
/
0
6
/
2
0
0
9

1
0
:
3
8
.

N
o
t

t
o

b
e

d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
/
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
e
d
.

F
o
r

m
u
l
t
i
-
u
s
e
r

a
c
c
e
s
s

g
o

t
o
w
w
w
.
b
s
i
g
r
o
u
p
.
c
o
m
/
l
i
c
e
n
s
e

B
r
i
t
i
s
h

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
EN 13160-7:2003 (E)
22
6.4.5 Test of materials
The tests shall be carried out according to the test methods given in Tables 5 to 7 according to resin used.
A test piece shall be prepared according to the lining process with a thickness of (4 0,2) mm.
The test pieces shall be cured before the test for at least 16 h in standard atmosphere 23/50 according to ISO 554.
The tests may be carried out at the earliest 24 h after the manufacture of the test plates.
Appearance and structure of the test plates shall be judged visually.
The UP-resin test plates may have a styrolene content of not more than 2 %.
An EP-resin test plate, hardened according to the specification of the resin manufacturer, shall be thermally condi-
tioned at a hardened temperature given by the manufacturer for a period of 2 h. The difference of the acetone
soluble components before and after the additional thermal conditioning shall not exceed 2 %.
6.4.6 Requirements of the surface treatment of steel tanks
The surface of steel tanks shall be prepared to Sa 2.5 according to ISO 8501-1 and be free from grease before the
GRP-rigid leak protecting lining is put in place.
6.4.7 Installation
The installation of the GRP-rigid leak protecting lining shall be supervised by tests fixed by the manufacturer
(holiday test, vacuum- or pressure tests and visual tests).
6.4.8 Technical equipment
Any GRP-rigid leak protecting lining shall be equipped and connected according to the used leak detector with
measure-, suction- or pressure- and test nozzles.
7 Leak protecting jacket
7.1 General
Leak protecting jackets may be used as part of a leak detection system.
Leak protecting jackets shall withstand the temperature, chemical and mechanical impacts, shall be resistant to the
stored product and shall have no deleterious effect on the stored product.
Leak protecting jackets shall be capable of withstanding the effects of ageing and deterioration resulting from the
action of stored product, leak detecting media or surrounding environmental conditions. The combination of the
tank and jacket shall be designed to create and maintain an interstitial space in accordance with the appropriate
class.
The so formed interstitial space shall be extended from the bottom of the tank at least up to the maximum filling
level and shall not be penetrated by lifting lugs or other fixings below the maximum filling level.
The interstitial space may either be produced by attaching an intermediate layer or by the jacket itself.
7.2 Materials
Leak protecting jackets may consist of flexible or rigid plastics and are fashioned according to the dimensions of the
tank.
Requirements for the materials according to Table 8 and 9.
B
o
u
g
h
t

b
y

D
r
.

M
i
r
c
o

B
i
o
n
d
i
,

P
e
t
r
o
l
t
e
c
n
i
c
a

S
p
A
.

L
a
t
e
s
t

v
e
r
s
i
o
n

a
s

o
f

0
4
/
0
6
/
2
0
0
9

1
0
:
3
8
.

N
o
t

t
o

b
e

d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
/
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
e
d
.

F
o
r

m
u
l
t
i
-
u
s
e
r

a
c
c
e
s
s

g
o

t
o
w
w
w
.
b
s
i
g
r
o
u
p
.
c
o
m
/
l
i
c
e
n
s
e

B
r
i
t
i
s
h

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
EN 13160-7:2003 (E)
23
Table 8 Mechanical properties
Property Test method Dimension Required value
Elongation EN ISO 527-1 and EN ISO 527-3;
Test speed: 200 mm/min 10 %
Specimen: Type 2
%
> 300
Tensile strength EN ISO 527-1 and EN ISO 527-3;
Test speed: 200 mm/min 10 %
Specimen: Type 2
N/mm
2
> 13,7
Reaction of lap to shear test Conform to EN ISO 527-1 and
EN ISO 527-3;
Test speed: 200 mm/min 10 %
Specimen: Type 2
%
> 0,8 of the original
Environmental stress crack resistance ISO 4599 h min 300
Exposure to UV light
change in tensile strength EN ISO 527-1 and EN ISO 527-3;
Test speed: 200 mm/min 10 %
Specimen: Type 2
% Change
> 0,8 of the original
Table 9 Effects of test media
Property Test method Dimension Required value
Passage of stored material
8
passage of water
Shall conform to ISO 2528 at
normal temperature and pressure.
Passage shall be determined after the follo-
wing periods:
1, 3, 7, 14 and 56 days
g/m
2
day
0
Change of mass after storage in
stored product and water
Shall conform to EN ISO 62 at normal tempe-
rature and pressure. Change shall be deter-
mined at
1, 3, 7, 14 and 56 days
% 15
Change of tensile strength and
elongation after storage in water and
stored product
EN ISO 527-3 at 56 days and 23 C
%
20
Change of weld lap tensile strength
after storage in water and stored
product
EN ISO 527-3 at 56 days and 23 C
%
> 0,8 of the original
7.3 Performance requirements
The leak protecting jackets shall meet the test requirements according to clause 5 and 7.4.
B
o
u
g
h
t

b
y

D
r
.

M
i
r
c
o

B
i
o
n
d
i
,

P
e
t
r
o
l
t
e
c
n
i
c
a

S
p
A
.

L
a
t
e
s
t

v
e
r
s
i
o
n

a
s

o
f

0
4
/
0
6
/
2
0
0
9

1
0
:
3
8
.

N
o
t

t
o

b
e

d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
/
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
e
d
.

F
o
r

m
u
l
t
i
-
u
s
e
r

a
c
c
e
s
s

g
o

t
o
w
w
w
.
b
s
i
g
r
o
u
p
.
c
o
m
/
l
i
c
e
n
s
e

B
r
i
t
i
s
h

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
EN 13160-7:2003 (E)
24
7.4 Test
7.4.1 Material
The materials shall be tested according to Table 8 and 9.
7.4.2 Jacket impact type test
Test temperature shall be (+15 10) C.
A representative sample tank shall be subjected to 3 blows from a 5,4 kg solid steel ball swung on a 1,8 m tether.
The tether shall be fixed at a point directly above the impact point and the ball swung backward and up away from
the tank to the indicated distance measured vertically above the point of impact and then allowed to swing freely to
the tank. The vertical height above the impact point shall be varied from 250 mm to 1800 mm with no two impacts
on the same point. Head, shell and knuckle shall be tested.
There shall be no damage to the jacket as indicated by a crack, de-bonding or delamination visible from the outside
at impact heights of 1000 mm or less.
There shall be no breaking of pieces or puncture with impact heights greater than 1000 mm and less than
1800 mm.
Following this test, the tank shall be be subjected to the tests according to 5.4.
The test set-up for the jacket impact type test shall be according to Figure 8 and Figure 9.
7.4.3 Installation
The installation shall be in accordance with EN 9762.
Key
1 Transition region bottom/wall
2 Wall
3 Bottom
a > 500 mm
Figure 8 Test set-up for the test points on the tank
B
o
u
g
h
t

b
y

D
r
.

M
i
r
c
o

B
i
o
n
d
i
,

P
e
t
r
o
l
t
e
c
n
i
c
a

S
p
A
.

L
a
t
e
s
t

v
e
r
s
i
o
n

a
s

o
f

0
4
/
0
6
/
2
0
0
9

1
0
:
3
8
.

N
o
t

t
o

b
e

d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
/
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
e
d
.

F
o
r

m
u
l
t
i
-
u
s
e
r

a
c
c
e
s
s

g
o

t
o
w
w
w
.
b
s
i
g
r
o
u
p
.
c
o
m
/
l
i
c
e
n
s
e

B
r
i
t
i
s
h

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
EN 13160-7:2003 (E)
25
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 Fixed point
2 1,8 m tether
3 5,4 kg solid steel ball
A test 1
B test 2
C test 3
Figure 9 Test set-up for the test at the tank wall
B
o
u
g
h
t

b
y

D
r
.

M
i
r
c
o

B
i
o
n
d
i
,

P
e
t
r
o
l
t
e
c
n
i
c
a

S
p
A
.

L
a
t
e
s
t

v
e
r
s
i
o
n

a
s

o
f

0
4
/
0
6
/
2
0
0
9

1
0
:
3
8
.

N
o
t

t
o

b
e

d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
/
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
e
d
.

F
o
r

m
u
l
t
i
-
u
s
e
r

a
c
c
e
s
s

g
o

t
o
w
w
w
.
b
s
i
g
r
o
u
p
.
c
o
m
/
l
i
c
e
n
s
e

B
r
i
t
i
s
h

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
BS EN
13160-7:2003
BSI
389 Chiswick High Road
London
W4 4AL
BSI British Standards Institution
BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing
British Standards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the
international level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter.
Revisions
British Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of
British Standards should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or
editions.
It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products and services.
We would be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity while using
this British Standard would inform the Secretary of the technical committee
responsible, the identity of which can be found on the inside front cover.
Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 9000. Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7400.
BSI offers members an individual updating service called PLUS which ensures
that subscribers automatically receive the latest editions of standards.
Buying standards
Orders for all BSI, international and foreign standards publications should be
addressed to Customer Services. Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 9001.
Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7001. Email: orders@bsi-global.com. Standards are also
available from the BSI website at http://www.bsi-global.com.
In response to orders for international standards, it is BSI policy to supply the
BSI implementation of those that have been published as British Standards,
unless otherwise requested.
Information on standards
BSI provides a wide range of information on national, European and
international standards through its Library and its Technical Help to Exporters
Service. Various BSI electronic information services are also available which give
details on all its products and services. Contact the Information Centre.
Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7111. Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7048. Email: info@bsi-global.com.
Subscribing members of BSI are kept up to date with standards developments
and receive substantial discounts on the purchase price of standards. For details
of these and other benefits contact Membership Administration.
Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7002. Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7001.
Email: membership@bsi-global.com.
Information regarding online access to British Standards via British Standards
Online can be found at http://www.bsi-global.com/bsonline.
Further information about BSI is available on the BSI website at
http://www.bsi-global.com.
Copyright
Copyright subsists in all BSI publications. BSI also holds the copyright, in the
UK, of the publications of the international standardization bodies. Except as
permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 no extract may be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any
means electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise without prior written
permission from BSI.
This does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the standard,
of necessary details such as symbols, and size, type or grade designations. If these
details are to be used for any other purpose than implementation then the prior
written permission of BSI must be obtained.
Details and advice can be obtained from the Copyright & Licensing Manager.
Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7070. Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7553.
Email: copyright@bsi-global.com.
B
o
u
g
h
t

b
y

D
r
.

M
i
r
c
o

B
i
o
n
d
i
,

P
e
t
r
o
l
t
e
c
n
i
c
a

S
p
A
.

L
a
t
e
s
t

v
e
r
s
i
o
n

a
s

o
f

0
4
/
0
6
/
2
0
0
9

1
0
:
3
8
.

N
o
t

t
o

b
e

d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
/
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
e
d
.

F
o
r

m
u
l
t
i
-
u
s
e
r

a
c
c
e
s
s

g
o

t
o
w
w
w
.
b
s
i
g
r
o
u
p
.
c
o
m
/
l
i
c
e
n
s
e

B
r
i
t
i
s
h

S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s

I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n