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Poli 360: Security: War and Peace Winter 2011 Professor Jason Ferrell WF: 2:35-3:55 Office Hours:

MTR: 10-1 McConnell Engineering 204

Course Description: Much of known history has been characterized by the waging of wars and the ongoing search for peace. Countries fought wars on the basis of strategic myths and beliefs, while peace-makers devised plans for reducing conflict and the eventual abolition of war itself. This course deals with different concepts of war and peace in comparative and historical perspectives. During the first half of the semester, we will discuss the concept of war as found in different strategies of war. In the second half, we will devote our attention to different conceptions of peace and strategies of peace. There are no books or course packs for this class. Readings will be posted on WebCT. Course Requirements: Participation counts for 10% of the total course mark, the two midterms count for 25%, and the final counts for the remaining 40%. The first midterm is currently scheduled for February 9, while the second is scheduled for March 9. Academic Integrity: McGill University values academic integrity. Therefore all students must understand the meaning and consequences of cheating, plagiarism and other academic offenses under the Code of Student Conduct and Disciplinary Procedures (see www.mcgill.ca/integrity for more information). Course Schedule Lecture 1 (January 5th): Introduction

Part I Substantial Issues Lecture 2 (January 7th): What is War? Carl von Clausewitz, What is War? and On the Theory of War, in On War J. David Singer, The Correlates of War Project: Interim Report and Rationale, World Politics 24 (1972): 243-270

Lecture 3 (January 12th): Types of War John Vasquez, Capability, Types of War, Peace, Western Political Quarterly 39 (1986): 313-327. Jack S. Levy, Theories of General War, World Politics 37 (1985): 344-374.

Lecture 4 (January 14th): What is Peace? Barry Buzan, Peace, Power, and Security: Contending Concepts in the Study of International Relations, Journal of Peace Research 21 (1984): 109-25. Jack S. Levy, The Causes of War and the Conditions of Peace, Annual Review of Political Science 1 (1998): 139-165.

Lecture 5 (January 19th): Types of Peace Immanuel Kant, Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Essay

Part II Strategies and War Lecture 6 (January 21st): Causes of War: War as Accident Bruce Russett, Cause, Surprise, and No Escape, Journal of Politics 24 (1962): 3-22.

Lecture 7 (January 26th): Causes of War: War as Risk Taking Jack Levy, "Loss Aversion, Framing, and Bargaining: The Implications of Prospect Theory for International Conflict," International Political Science Review 17 (1996): 179-195.

Lecture 8 (January 28th): Causes of War: War as Dispute Settlement

Kal Holsti, Resolving International Conflicts: A Taxonomy of Behavior and Some Figures on Procedures, Journal of Conflict Resolution 10 (1966): 272-296.

Lecture 9 (February 2nd): Causes of War: War as Strategic Choice R. Harrison Wagner, "Bargaining and War," American Journal of Political Science, 44 (2000): 469-484.

Lecture 10 (February 4th): Causes of War: War as Imperfect Information James D. Fearon, Rationalist Explanations for War, International Organization 49 (1995): 379-414.

Lecture 11 (February 9th): Midterm 1

Part III Peace as Absence of War Lecture 12 (February 11th): Peace through Deterrence Thomas Schelling, The Diplomacy of Violence, in Arms and Influence

Lecture 13 (February 16th): Peace through Imperium Albert Einstein and Sigmund Freud, Why War?, International Institute of Intellectual Cooperation, 1933

Lecture 14 (February 18th): Peace through Collective Security Inis L. Claude, "Collective Security as an Approach to Peace," Classic Readings and Contemporary Debates in International Relations ed. Donald M. Goldstein, Phil Williams, & Jay M. Shafritz. Belmont CA: Thomson Wadsworth. pgs. 289302. February 21-25: Reading Week Lecture 15 (March 2nd): Peace through the Balance of Power R. Harrison Wagner, Peace, War, and the Balance of Power, American Political Science Review 88 (1994): 593-607. Robert Jervis, From Balance to Concert: A Study of International Security Cooperation, World Politics 38 (1985): 58-79.

Lecture 16 (March 4th): Peace through Sanctions George Lopez and David Cortright, The Sanctions Era: An Alternative to Military Intervention, The Fletcher Forum on World Affairs 19 (1995): 65-86. David Cortright, George Lopez, and Alistair Miller, Winning Without War: Sensible Security Options for Dealing with Iraq, Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, 2002.

Lecture 17 (March 9th): Midterm 2

Part IV Strategies of Peace Lecture 18 (March 11th): Peace through Global Government Richard Falk and Andrew Strauss, Toward Global Parliament, Foreign Affairs 80 (2001): 212-220.

Richard Falk and Andrew Strauss, On the Creation of a Global Peoples Assembly: Legitimacy and the Power of Popular Sovereignty, Stanford Journal of International Law 36 (2000): 191-220.

Lecture 19 (March 16th): Peace through Norms Werner Levi, On the Causes of Peace, Journal of Conflict Resolution 8 (1964): 23-35. Oscar Schachter, In Defense of International Rules on the Use of Force, University of Chicago Law Review 53 (1986): 113-146.

Lecture 20 (March 18th): Peace through the Harmony of Interests Richard Ned Lebow, "The long peace, the end of the cold war, and the failure of realism," International Organization 48 (1994): 249-277.

Lecture 21 (March 23rd): The Democratic Peace Michael W. Doyle, Kant, Liberal Legacies, and Foreign Affairs, Part 2 Philosophy and Public Affairs 12 (1983): 205-232. John R. Oneal and Bruce Russett, The Kantian Peace: The Pacific Benefits of Democracy, Interdependence, and International Organizations: 1885-1992, World Politics 52.1 (1999): 1-37.

Lecture 22 (March 25th): Peace through Institutions G. John Ikenberry, Institutions, Strategic Restraint, and the Persistence of American Postwar Order, International Security 23 (1998-99): 43-78.

Lecture 23 (March 30th): Peace through Appeasement Jack Hirshleifer, Appeasement: Can it Work?, The American Economic Review 91 (2001): 342-346. Daniel Treisman, Rational Appeasement, International Organization 58 (2004): 345-373.

Part V Conclusions Lecture 24 (April 1st): Conclusions on Theories of War Benjamin Most and Harvey Starr, Conceptualizing War: Consequences for Theory and Research, Journal of Conflict Resolution 27 (1983): 137-159.

Lecture 25 (April 6th): Conclusions on Theories of Peace

Leo Tolstoy, Attitude of Men of the Present Day to War and Significance of Compulsory Service, in The Kingdom of God is Within You

Lecture 26 (April 8th): Policy Recommendations and Review

Additional Considerations a. In accord with McGill Universitys Charter of Students Rights, students in this course have the right to submit in English or in French any written work that is to be graded. b. In the event of extraordinary circumstances beyond the Universitys control, the content and/or evaluation scheme in this course is subject to change.

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