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Folks, my prayer as we go through this letter to the Romans is what it has done
for others it will do for us, transform our lives by the power of God’s Spirit
working in us and through us! And no it will not take us 11 years to get through
this letter, but I will not promise how long it may take, but may we draw all the
treasures it has for us. May we draw closer to the Lord, that we would have a
clear understanding of who we are and who He is and what He has done for us so
that we may share that with others! And just think about this for a minute. The
word “God” is used some 153 times in this letter, which works out to it being used
once every 46 words! Thus, we need to pay attention to what he is saying as we go
through this letter.
Let me also say this regarding the focus of the Reformation of the sixteenth
century because this letter that Paul wrote to the Romans, as we have seen, has
influenced these men. There were three basic slogans that emerged that truly
summarize the return to the essentials of Christianity, something that I believe
is lacking in the church today. And keep in mind that Paul spoke these truths in
this letter to the Romans. They are:
The first is SOLA SCRIPTURA or by Scripture alone. It is speaking of the
Bible being the final authority for faith and for life, nothing else is needed for
us to grow and walk in the Lord!
Then there is SOLA GRATIA or by grace alone. It is speaking of God’s free
gift of salvation that is given to us, not as the result of man’s merit, not that
he deserved it, but He has freely given to us something that we don’t deserve.
And lastly, there is SOLA FIDE or by faith alone. You see, God’s free gift
is received by us through faith and not by works. We don’t work our way into
heaven. It all boils down to this. We are saved by grace alone, through faith
alone in Christ alone not because I have said it, but because God has said it to
us through His Word! Scripture alone, grace alone and faith alone, may we get
back to the basics of the faith!
Also, John MacArthur gives to us this picture of the book of Romans from his
Commentary and he does a great job driving home this points. He wrote:
“The epistle to the Romans speaks to us today just as powerfully as it spoke to
men of the first century. It speaks morally, about adultery, fornication,
homosexuality, hating, murder, lying, and civil disobedience. It speaks
intellectually, telling us that the natural man is confused because he has a
reprobate mind. It speaks socially, telling us how we are to relate to one
another. It speaks psychologically, telling us where true freedom comes to deliver
men from the burden of guilt. It speaks nationally, telling us our responsibility
to human government. It speaks internationally, telling us the ultimate destiny of
the earth and especially the future of Israel. It speaks spiritually, answering
man’s despair by offering hope for the future. It speaks theologically, teaching
us the relationship between the flesh and the spirit, between law and grace,
between works and faith. But most of all, it profoundly brings God Himself to us.”
- John MacArthur
Thus, the book of Romans, its central theme, can be summed up like this: THE
GOSPEL OF JESUS CHRIST! In fact, many feel that this is the most important book,
theologically speaking, in the entire New Testament for it gives to us a
systematic approach or presentation to Christian theology. It paints for us why
the Gospel is so important to every single person! In fact, R. Kent Hughes made
this statement in his commentary on the book of Romans. He wrote:
In our own century, while we may not always agree with his theology, Karl
Barth’s arguments from the book of Romans devastated liberal Christianity.
There is no doubt about the power of the book of Romans. The study of it
produces genuine excitement and genuine trepidation – excitement because of the
possibilities the life-changing themes of Romans bring to us, and trepidation at
reasonably expounding their massiveness.
- R. Kent Hughes, Romans, p. 15
Now, one more point before we get to our text this morning and that is the
outline we will be following as we go through this letter. The outline is as
follows.
OUTLINE FOR
PAUL’S EPISTLE
TO THE ROMANS
ROMANS 1:1-7
As we have read through this opening salutation, keep in mind that Paul was
writing to a church that he never founded and thus, he is spending the first few
verses introducing himself to them. And we are going to go through these verses we
have read through in more detail, breaking them down and seeing what we can glean
from them.
ROMANS 1
VERSE 1
Paul starts out by telling them he is a “bondservant” or “bondslave” of
Jesus Christ. He uses the Greek word DOULOS and his point is this. In Israel,
according to Exodus chapter 21, a slave was required to serve his master for six
years and then he was to be released in the seventh year. But, if you wanted to
remain with your master, if you loved him and loved working for him you could then
become a bondslave. And what they would do is take you to the doorpost and the
master would take a nail or awl and pierce your ear and place a gold ring in it.
That would tell others you are a bondslave, freely serving your master. It was
your choice, no one forced you to do this and once you committed to this, you
remained a bondslave.
Now Paul takes this truth and applies it to his life and he is saying that
he has freely given his life to Christ as a bondslave and it is not only by
choice, it is for life! Think about our Lord and how He takes care of us, who else
do you want to serve? There is no one like our Lord. Thus, will you serve the Lord
out of love or out of constraint? He wants you to serve Him out of love!
Now you may be thinking that you are a slave to no one, you are master of
your own destiny, you do as you please, but you are wrong. I think Bob Dylan got
it right when he wrote these words in his song, “It may be the devil, or it may be
the Lord, but you gotta serve somebody.” Thus, who are you going to serve, there
are really only two choices?
Paul was not only a bondslave of Jesus Christ but he also was “called to be
an apostle.” The word “apostle” comes from the Greek word meaning “one who is sent
by authority with a commission.” Paul did not pick this position, he didn’t buy
his way into it, he didn’t know somebody who was able to pull a few strings and
get him in. God called Paul to this office, to be an apostle to the Gentiles!
Now, in saying that, what has God called you to do? No, not necessarily what do
you want to do, but what does God want you to do, what has He “called” you to do?
If you are not sure, then spend some time with Him and listen to what He is saying
to you, listen for needs in the body of Christ, look what doors God is opening for
you!
So we have seen that Paul chose to be a bondslave of Jesus Christ and God has
called him to be an apostle to the Gentiles, but what was he to bring to them? We
don’t have to guess for Paul tells us that he was “separated to the Gospel of
God.”
What was Paul separated from? Before he came to Christ Paul or Saul was a Jewish
rabbi who, as a Pharisee kept or tried to keep the Jewish Law and traditions. But
on the road to Damascus the Lord got a hold of Paul’s heart and he surrendered to
Jesus. Thus, he was now separated from the Jewish Laws and traditions in the sense
of doing them for salvation and he was now sold out to the Gospel or Good News of
Jesus Christ and that is what he was bringing to the people, to the lost, that is
the message he took to them!
Poole tells us this very thing as he wrote, “Some think he alludes to the name of
Pharisee, which is from separating: when he was a Pharisee, he was separated to
the law of God: and now, being a Christian, he was separated to the gospel of
God.” I think he is correct.
His name went from Saul, which means the “requested one” to Paul or the
“little one.” Why did that happen? Because he saw that it is all about Christ and
not about him anymore and his message was no longer about him. You see, it is
difficult to bring the Good News of Jesus Christ to people when you are so focused
on yourself and Paul understood that and was able to bring the Good News, the
Gospel message, the EUANGELION in the Greek, to the people as he uses this word
some 36 times in this epistle!
VERSES 2-4
We need to understand that the Gospel message is not a new idea, something
that Christians made up. God spoke of it, He promised it to us through the Old
Testament prophets starting all the way back in Genesis 3:15 and going all the way
through Malachi! Yes, the Old Testament prophets spoke of these things, they wrote
them down but they did not fully understand them as Peter tells us, “Of this
salvation the prophets have inquired and searched carefully, who prophesied of the
grace that would come to you, searching what, or what manner of time, the Spirit
of Christ who was in them was indicating when He testified beforehand the
sufferings of Christ and the glories that would follow. To them it was revealed
that, not to themselves, but to us they were ministering the things which now have
been reported to you through those who have preached the gospel to you by the Holy
Spirit sent from heaven — things which angels desire to look into.” I Peter 1:10-
12.
And what does God promise us, what was He speaking about through the
prophets who wrote these things down for us and which became the Word of God, the
Holy Scriptures? It is all about Jesus Christ and apart from Him there is no Good
News from heaven only the coming judgment of God for our sins!
Paul starts out by showing us the humanity of Jesus, that He was flesh and
blood, born of the seed of David, just as the prophets said. Jesus was born and
became a man; he was fully human, not partially human or pretending to be human!
Not only was and is Jesus fully human, He was and is fully God. Paul uses
the Greek word HORIZO for “declared” and from this Greek word we get our English
word “horizon” from. In other words, Jesus has always been God, He never ceased
being God, and He will always be God just as the horizon stretches across the sky!
Paul, in Philippians 2:6-11 makes this powerful point of Jesus being fully
God and also becoming flesh and blood. In other words, He is 100% God and He is
100% man, and I can’t explain it, I can only believe it by faith because that is
what the Scriptures are telling us.
Listen to what Paul said here in Philippians chapter 2, as he is speaking of
Jesus, “who, being in the form of God, did not consider it robbery to be equal
with God, but made Himself of no reputation, taking the form of a bondservant, and
coming in the likeness of men. And being found in appearance as a man, He humbled
Himself and became obedient to the point of death, even the death of the cross.
Therefore God also has highly exalted Him and given Him the name which is above
every name, that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, of those in heaven,
and of those on earth, and of those under the earth, and that every tongue should
confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.” Philippians
2:6-11.
Paul is saying here that Jesus Christ has existed and will always exist as God,
which is unchangeable. The word “form” is the Greek word MORPHE and it speaks of
the outward manifestation of an inward reality. In other words, the second person
of the Holy Trinity, The Word has always existed, He has always been God and when
He become flesh and dwelt among us, He was still God even though He took on a body
of flesh, that inward reality was manifested in the things He did even though He
was covered with flesh!
What does Paul mean when he says that Jesus “did not consider it
robbery to be equal with God”? He is saying that Jesus did not try to steal His
deity from God, He didn’t try to take away something that was not his. You see,
Jesus is God, equal with the Father; He is not “a god” but Almighty God! Thus, he
didn’t have to take it because it was already His!
We are told first of all that He emptied Himself of His divine glory, and we see
that in John 17:1, 5, “ . . . ‘"Father, the hour has come. Glorify Your Son, that
Your Son also may glorify You . . . And now, O Father, glorify Me together with
Yourself, with the glory which I had with You before the world was.’” Secondly,
He emptied Himself of His divine authority as we are told in John 5:30, “I can of
Myself do nothing. As I hear, I judge; and My judgment is righteous, because I do
not seek My own will but the will of the Father who sent Me.” Thirdly, He emptied
Himself of some of His divine attributes, he did not stop being omniscient or all-
knowing; He did not stop being omnipresent or present everywhere; He did not stop
being omnipotent or all-powerful; He did not stop being immutable but He chose not
to exercise those attributes during His earthly ministry.
We see Him get up early to pray and seek direction from His Father. In Mark 13:32
we are told, “But of that day and hour no one knows, not even the angels in
heaven, nor the Son, but only the Father.” And the fourth thing is that we see
Jesus empty Himself of His eternal riches that are due Him. We see that in II
Corinthians 8:9, “For you know the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, that though He
was rich, yet for your sakes He became poor, that you through His poverty might
become rich.” And in Mark 10:45 we are told, “For even the Son of Man did not
come to be served, but to serve, and to give His life a ransom for many.”
The fifth thing that Jesus emptied Himself of when He became flesh and blood was
that He temporarily emptied Himself of His intimate relationship with the Father
as He bore the sins of the world on the cross of Calvary. In Matthew 27:46 we are
told, “And about the ninth hour Jesus cried out with a loud voice, saying, ‘Eli,
Eli, lama sabachthani?’ that is, ‘My God, My God, why have You forsaken Me?’”
Before glory there was death. As the Son humbled Himself to the point of
death, being obedient to the Father, the Father “super exalted” Him! He who
humbled Himself was raised in glory and is now seated at the right hand of the
Father, the place of power. And His name is Jesus or YAHWEH IS SALVATION and He
alone has that name for there is no other name under heaven, given among men, by
which we must be saved, none at all!
How do we know this is true, that God became flesh and dwelt among us to pay
the penalty for our sins? It all boils down to His resurrection from the dead as
the Scriptures tells us and because He rose from the dead we have that assurance
that one day we will be raised in glory if our faith is in Him. James Denny put it
this way, “ . . . the sonship, which was declared by the resurrection,
corresponded to . . . the spirit of holiness which was the deepest reality in the
Person and life of Jesus.”
VERSES 5-6
Paul’s point here is simple. We are saved “through Him” and not apart from
Him! And it is out of that relationship with Him that we become apostles or sent
out ones, ambassadors for Christ you might say!
Paul put it like this in II Corinthians 5:18-21, “Now all things are of God,
who has reconciled us to Himself through Jesus Christ, and has given us the
ministry of reconciliation, that is, that God was in Christ reconciling the world
to Himself, not imputing their trespasses to them, and has committed to us the
word of reconciliation. Now then, we are ambassadors for Christ, as though God
were pleading through us: we implore you on Christ's behalf, be reconciled to God.
For He made Him who knew no sin to be sin for us, that we might become the
righteousness of God in Him.”
As we make peace with God through Jesus Christ we then can bring this peace
of God to others, that reconciliation to the Father that is only found in Jesus
Christ. We are truly His ambassadors, bondslaves of Jesus Christ!
You see, true saving faith always produces obedience and submission to the
Lord. James put it like this, “Thus also faith by itself, if it does not have
works, is dead. But someone will say, ‘You have faith, and I have works.’ Show me
your faith without your works, and I will show you my faith by my works. You
believe that there is one God. You do well. Even the demons believe — and tremble!
But do you want to know, O foolish man, that faith without works is dead?” James
2:17-20. Our lives should be a witness of Jesus Christ to the lost and they will
only see this witness as we are obedient to the Lord, as we surrender our lives to
His lordship!
VERSE 7
As you read this, Paul is writing to the saints who are in Rome and some
people, because of their theology that they have been taught, picture Paul writing
to dead people. You see, in their minds, what they have been taught is that a
saint is someone who has lived a godly life and after they die, there are certain
criteria that has to be met and then they will be made into saints! Folks, Paul is
not writing to dead people, but to Christians who were living in Rome and they are
saints. The Greek word is HAGIOS and it speaks of being “set apart” or “sacred.”
That is something that God has done in us and not what we have done.
In fact, the words “to be” are in italics because they do not appear in the
original text. Thus, this verse should read, “you are called saints” you are not
becoming saints! And as I have said, we are only saints because of what the Lord
has done in our lives, the gift He has given to us and thus, if you are a
believer, you are a saint! Think of it like this. There was a little boy that
attended a church that had beautiful stained-glass windows depicting St. Paul, St.
Peter, and St. John. One day, when asked in Sunday School class, “What are
saints?” he answered, “They’re people who the light shine through.” That is what
we should be, letting the light of Christ shine through us!
Then Paul speaks of the Siamese Twins of the New Testament, Grace and Peace! Paul
uses the Greek greeting of CHARIS and the Jewish greeting, SHALOM, linking both
Jew and Gentile together into the family of God. The word “grace” speaks of
getting what we don’t deserve, and in this case it is eternal life when we should
get death because of our sins. The word “peace” speaks of rest. The thing is,
you will never find Paul speak of the peace and grace of God, never in that order,
why? Because you can’t experience the peace of God until you first know the grace
of God in your life, you have made peace with God through Jesus Christ!
And please notice that this grace and peace is “from God our Father and the
Lord Jesus Christ.” Why is that important? Because Paul is showing us the
equality of Jesus with the Father. If Jesus was just a man, or like some say a
god, it would be absurd to list Him as an equal with the Father. But He does and
thus, Jesus and the Father are one, they are equal!
Let me close this morning with this story. We are told:
Lou Johnson, a 1965 World Series hero for the Los Angeles Dodgers, tried for 30
years to recover the championship ring he lost to drug dealers in 1971. Drug and
alcohol abuse cost him everything from that magical season, including his uniform,
glove, and the bat he used to hit the winning home run in the deciding game.
When Dodger president, Bob Graziano, learned that Johnson's World Series ring was
about to be auctioned on the Internet, he immediately wrote a check for $3,457 and
bought the ring before any bids were posted. He did for Johnson what the former
Dodger outfielder had been unable to do for himself.
Johnson, 66, who has been drug free for years and a Dodger community relations
employee, wept when given the gold ring. He said, "It felt like a piece of me had
been reborn."
Countless Christians can testify to a spiritual rebirth as a result of the price
that Jesus paid on the cross in their place. He did for them what they could not
do for themselves.
- Preaching Today
May we not forget that and we will see this spoken of many times in this
epistle or letter to the Romans by Paul, the grace and mercy of God extend to us
through Jesus Christ. May we be people who let the light of God shine through us
and touch the lives of others, may we light up their lives! Thus, we have seen
here in Romans 1:1-7 Paul’s opening salutations to the church in Rome and I will
leave you with this, “Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord
Jesus Christ.”