Light Dependent Reactions

-(Hydrogen Ion Movement) The inside of the thylakoid membrane fills up with positively charged ions. This action makes the outside of the thylakoid membrane negatively charged and the inside positively charged -(ATP Formation)- As hydrogen ions pass through ATP synthase their energy is used to convert ADP into ATP.

Photosynthesis

6CO+6HO (light)> 6HO+6O Carbon dioxide +water (light)> sugars +oxygen -Uses the energy of sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into high-energy sugars and oxygen.

Electron Carriers

-Electrons carriers themselves are known as the electron transport chain. -help transfer high energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules -NADP+ - accepts and holds 2 high-energy electrons along with a hydrogen ion

Summery In this page I finished talking about light dependent reactions were the outside of the membrane become negatively charged and the inside positively charged so the hydrogen ions can pass through the ATP synthase to convert ADP into ATP. Then I described that photosynthesis was a process that plants use to make their own food. I finished with electron carriers which help to transfer high energy electrons for chlorophyll to other molecules.

ATP

Made of: -Adenine -Ribose -3 phosphate group

-Responsible for powering the synthesis of proteins and responses to chemical signals at the cell surface

Cellular respiration

Step 1: Glycolysis: (in cytoplasm) -Produces small amount of energy -most of glucoses energy remains locked in the chemical bonds of pyruvic acid Step 2: Krebs Cycle: (In mitochondria) -a little more energy is generated from pyruvic acid Step 3: ETC: -produces the bulk of the energy in cellular respiration by using oxygen, a powerful electron acceptor

Chloroplast

-Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells and other eukaryotic organisms that conduct photosynthesis. -chloroplasts contain photosystems which are clusters of pigment and protein that absorb light energy -also contains granum which is a stack of thylakoids -the stroma is the space outside the thylakoid membranes

Summery This page of notes talked about ATP which is a form of energy for cells containing Adenine, Ribose, and 3 phosphate groups. Then in cellular Respiration there are three steps which include Glycolysis were one molecule of glucose is broken in half, producing two molecules of pyruvic acid. It has a net gain of 2 molecules of ATP because it needed the other two for the process. When oxygen is not present glycolysis leads into fermentation which is the process of releasing energy from food molecules by producing ATP in the absence of oxygen. During this process NADH changes to NAD+ by passing excited electrons back to pyruvic acid. But at the end of glycolysis energy gets stored in the pyruvic acid. During the Krebs cycle pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide. Then you have ETC were it uses high energy electrons from the Krebs cycle to convert ADP into ATP.