31

XALCA Product Speclncatlon Standards for Lle Castlngs , 2006

KIIoy 0utu
3
I t t I l 0 N
3
5ection contentt HAbcA Ho. formot oge
1 bie cotting AIIoy crott Reference betignotiont 3-2
2 AIuminum AIIoyt 3-4
So|oc||oq A|u|ou A||oys 2=
A|u|ou A||oy C|o|co| Copos|||oo A-3-1-0o 5tondord 2 5
A|u|ou A||oy ltopot||os A-3-2-0o 5tondord 2
A|u|ou A||oy C|otoc|ot|s||cs A-3-3-0o GuideIinet 27
3 AIuminum MetoI Motrix compotitet 3-8
So|oc||oq A|u|ou Copos||os 28
A|u|ou Copos||os C|o|co| Copos|||oo A-3- 4-0o 5tondord 29
A|u|ou Copos||os ltopot||os A-3-5-0o 5tondord 210
A|u|ou Copos||os C|otoc|ot|s||cs A-3- o-0o GuideIinet 211
4 copper AIIoyt 3-12
So|oc||oq Coppot A||oys 212
Coppot A||oy C|o|co| Copos|||oo A-3-7- 0o 5tondord 212
Coppot A||oy ltopot||os A-3-8- 0o 5tondord 21=
Coppot A||oy C|otoc|ot|s||cs A-3-9- 0o GuideIinet 215
5 Mognetium AIIoyt 3-1o
So|oc||oq Moqoos|u A||oys 21
Moqoos|u A||oy C|o|co| Copos|||oo A-3-10-0o 5tondord 217
Moqoos|u A||oy ltopot||os A-3-11-0o 5tondord 218
Moqoos|u A||oy C|otoc|ot|s||cs A-3-12- 0o GuideIinet 219
o 2inc ond 2A AIIoyt 3-20
So|oc||oq 2|oc ood 2A A||oys 220
2|oc ood 2A A||oy C|o|co| Copos|||oo A-3-13-0o 5tondord 221
2|oc ood 2A A||oy ltopot||os A-3-14-0o 5tondord 222
2|oc ood 2A A||oy C|otoc|ot|s||cs A-3-15-0o GuideIinet 222
7 5eIecting An AIIoy fomiIy 3-24
8 Quick Guide to AIIoy fomiIy 5eIection 3-25
9 Ievoted 1emperoture ropertiet 3-2o
10 roperty comporiton 3-30
11 crott Reference: AIIoy betignotion ond
compotition
3-34
32
XALCA Product Speclncatlon Standards for Lle Castlngs , 2006
KIIoy 0utu
1 0io tustiag KIIoy tross koforoato 0osigautioas
Aluminum Alloy Specications
Conn'l LXS
AXSI
AA
ASTN
B85
Forner
SAE
J452
Federal
A591 b
BIX g
1725
JIS H5302
360 A03600 360.0 SCl00B ~ b
A360 a Al3600 A360.0 SCl00A 309 b 233 ALC3
380 A03800 380.0 SC84B 308 b
A380 a Al3800 A380.0 SC84A 306 B 226A e ALCl0 CD
383 A03830 383.0 SCl02A 383 b 226A e ALCl2 CD
384 A03840 384.0 SCll4A 303 b ALCl2 CD
A384 a ~ A384.0 ~ ~ b ALCl2 CD
390 A23900 B390.0 SCl74B ~ b
l3 A04l30 4l3.0 Sl2B ~ b
Al3 a Al4l30 A4l3.0 Sl2A 305 b 23lL f ALCl c
43 A34430 C443.0 S5C 304 b
2l8 A05l80 5l8.0 C8A ~ b 34l
a Simi/ar to precedinq entr uith s/iqht tariations in minor constituents. b The Federa/ speciucation tor a/uminum
a//o die castinqs uses the A/uminum Association desiqnations tor inditidua/ a//os. Hi/itar desiqnations superseded
b Federa/ speciucations. c 1apanese speciucations a//ou 0.3 maqnesium maximum. d 1apanese speciucations a//ou
J.0 cinc maximum. e DIN J725 spec a//ous J.2 max cinc and up to 0.5 max maqnesium. f DIN J725 spec a//ous 0.3
max maqnesium. g A//o compositions shoun in DIN J725 tend to be "primar based" and hate /ou impurit /imits
makinq it ditucu/t to corre/ate direct/ to I.S. a//os.
Note Some ot these standards are obso/ete but inc/uded here tor historica/ purposes. For c/osest crossreterence reter to the
tab/es ot toreiqn a//o desiqnations and chemica/ constituencies at the end ot this section.
Aluminum Netal Natrix Composite Alloy Specications
Buralcan
LSA
LXS AA
F3L.l0SF 380,SlC,l0p
F3L.20SF 380,SlC,20p
F3X.l0SF 360,SlC,l0p
F3X.20SF 360,SlC,20p
J|o ctoss to|otooco
dos|qoo||oos s|owo oto
|ot o||oy spoc||co||oos oc
cotd|oq |o w|do|y tocoqo|zod
soutcos. ko|otoocos opp|y
|o ||o
o|o| |o ||o d|o cos|
cood|||oo ood s|ou|d oo|
bo coo|usod w||| s|||ot
spoc||co||oos |ot o|o|
|oqo|. A - |o o co|uo
|od|co|os ||o| ||o spoc||c
o||oy |s oo| toq|s|otod by
||o q|voo soutco.
1obIe of 5ymboIt
0NI ~ Uo||od
Nubot|oq
Sys|o
KNIl ~ Aot|coo
No||ooo|
S|oodotds
los|||u|o
KIIN ~ Aot|coo
Soc|o|y |ot
Jos||oq ood
Mo|ot|o|s
KK ~ A|u|ou
Assoc|o||oo
IKt ~ Soc|o|y o|
Au|oo||vo
Loq|ooots
ft0 ~ lodoto|
Spoc||co||oos
Nll ~ M||||oty
Spoc||co||oos
IlI ~ Jopoooso
lodus|t|o|
S|oodotd
0lN ~ Ootoo
lodus|t|o|
S|oodotd
33
XALCA Product Speclncatlon Standards for Lle Castlngs , 2006
KIIoy 0utu
3
Copper Alloy Specications
Conn'l LXS ASTN
B176
SAE
J461,
857 C85700 ~ ~
858 C85800 230A J462
865 C86500 ~ ~
878 C87800 2Sl44A J462
997 C99700 ~ ~
997.5 C99750 ~ ~
Nagnesium Alloy Specications
Conn'l LXS ASTN
B93 & B94
Forner
SAE
J465B
Federal BIX 1729 JIS H2222
& H5303
A29lB Nll9l2 A29lB 50lA N38 3.59l2.05 NLIlB
A29lL Nll9l6 A29lL ~ ~ ~ NLIlL
A28l ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
AN60A Nl0600 AN60A ~ ~ 3.5662.05 NLI2A
AN60B Nl0602 AN60B ~ ~ ~ NLI2B
AN50 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
AE42 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
AS4lA Nl04l0 AS4lA ~ ~ 3.5470.05 NLI3A
AS4lB Nl04l2 AS4lB ~ ~ ~ ~
AN20 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
Zinc and ZA Alloy Specications
Conn'l LXS ASTN
B86
Forner
SAE
J469
Federal
Z363a
BIX JIS
2 23554l AC43A 92l AC43A l743
3 233520 AC40A 903 AC40A l743 2LC2
5 23553l0 AC4lA 925 AC4lA l743 2LCl
7 233523 AC40B ~ AC40B
2A 8 235636 ~ ~
2Al2 23563l ~ ~
2A27 23584l ~ ~
1obIe of 5ymboIt
0NI ~ Uo||od
Nubot|oq
Sys|o
KNIl ~ Aot|coo
No||ooo|
S|oodotds
los|||u|o
KIIN ~ Aot|coo
Soc|o|y |ot
Jos||oq ood
Mo|ot|o|s
KK ~ A|u|ou
Assoc|o||oo
IKt ~ Soc|o|y o|
Au|oo||vo
Loq|ooots
ft0 ~ lodoto|
Spoc||co||oos
Nll ~ M||||oty
Spoc||co||oos
IlI ~ Jopoooso
lodus|t|o|
S|oodotd
0lN ~ Ootoo
lodus|t|o|
S|oodotd
34
XALCA Product Speclncatlon Standards for Lle Castlngs , 2006
KIIoy 0utu
2 KIumiaum KIIoys
IoIottiag KIumiaum KIIoys
Alunlnun (Al) dle castlng alloys have a speclnc gravlty of approxlnately 2.7 g,cc, placlng then
anong the llghtwelght structural netals. 1he na}orlty of dle castlngs produced worldwlde are
nade fron alunlnun alloys.
Slx na}or elenents constltute the dle cast alunlnun alloy systen. slllcon, copper, nagneslun,
lron, nanganese, and zlnc. Each elenent affects the alloy both lndependently and lnteractlvely.
1hls alunlnun alloy subsectlon presents guldellne tables for chenlcal conposltlon, typlcal
propertles, and dle castlng, nachlnlng and nnlshlng characterlstlcs for ll alunlnun dle castlng
alloys. 1hls data can be used ln conblnatlon wlth deslgn englneerlng toleranclng guldellnes for
alunlnun dle castlng and can be conpared wlth the guldellnes for other alloys ln thls sectlon and
ln the deslgn englneerlng sectlon.
Alloy A380 (AXSI,AA A380.0) ls by far the nost wldely cast of the alunlnun dle castlng alloys,
offerlng the best conblnatlon of naterlal propertles and ease of productlon. It nay be speclned
for nost product appllcatlons. Sone of the uses of thls alloy lnclude electronlc and connunlca
tlons equlpnent, autonotlve conponents, englne brackets, transnlsslon and gear cases, appll
ances, lawn nower houslngs, furnlture conponents, hand and power tools.
Alloy 383 (AXSI,AA 383.0) and alloy 384 (AXSI,AA 384.0) are alternatlves to A380 for
lntrlcate conponents requlrlng lnproved dle nlllng characterlstlcs. Alloy 383 offers lnproved
reslstance to hot cracklng (strength at elevated tenperatures).
Alloy A360 (AXSI,AA A360.0) offers hlgher corroslon reslstance, superlor strength at elevated
tenperatures, and sonewhat better ductlllty, but ls nore dlfncult to cast.
whlle not ln wlde use and dlfncult to cast, alloy 43 (AXSI,AA C443.0) offers the hlghest
ductlllty ln the alunlnun fanlly. It ls noderate ln corroslon reslstance and often can be used ln
narlne grade appllcatlons.
Alloy A13 (AXSI,AA A413.0) offers excellent pressure tlghtness, naklng lt a good cholce for
hydraullc cyllnders and pressure vessels. Its castlng characterlstlcs nake lt useful for lntrlcate
conponents.
Alloy 390 (AXSI,AA B390.0) was developed for autonotlve englne blocks. Its reslstance to wear ls
excellent, lts ductlllty ls low. It ls used for dle cast valve bodles and conpressor houslngs ln plstons.
Alloy 218 (AXSI,AA 518.0) provldes the best conblnatlon of strength, ductlllty, corroslon
reslstance and nnlshlng qualltles, but lt ls nore dlfncult to dle cast.
Nuthiaiag thuruttoristits
Nachlnlng characterlstlcs vary sonewhat anong the connerclally avallable alunlnun dle castlng
alloys, but the entlre group ls superlor to lron, steel and tltanlun. 1he rapld solldlncatlon rate
assoclated wlth the dle castlng process nakes dle castlng alloys sonewhat superlor to wrought
and gravlty cast alloys of slnllar chenlcal conposltlon.
Alloy A380 has better than average nachlnlng characterlstlcs. Alloy 2l8, wlth nagneslun the
na}or alloylng elenent, exhlblts anong the best nachlnablllty. Alloy 390, wlth the hlghest slllcon
content and free slllcon constltuent, exhlblts the lowest.
Iurfuto Iroutmoat Iystoms
Surface treatnent systens are applled to alunlnun dle castlngs to provlde a decoratlve nnlsh, to
forn a protectlve barrler agalnst envlronnental exposure, and to lnprove reslstance to wear.
Lecoratlve nnlshes can be applled to alunlnun dle castlngs through palntlng, powder coat
nnlshlng, pollshlng, epoxy nnlshlng, and platlng. Alunlnun can be plated by applylng an lnltlal
lnnerslon zlnc coatlng, followed by conventlonal coppernlckelchronlun platlng procedure
slnllar to that used for platlng zlnc netal,alloys.
Protectlon agalnst envlronnental corroslon for alunlnun dle castlngs ls achleved through
palntlng, anodlzlng, chronatlng, and lrldlte coatlngs.
35
XALCA Product Speclncatlon Standards for Lle Castlngs , 2006
KIIoy 0utu
3
Inproved wear reslstance can be achleved wlth alunlnun dle castlngs by hard anodlzlng.
where a part deslgn does not allow the productlon of a pressuretlght dle castlng through
control of poroslty by gate and overnow dle deslgn, the locatlon of e}ector plns, and the recon
nguratlon of hardtocast features, lnpregnatlon of alunlnun dle castlngs can be used. Systens
enploylng anaeroblcs and nethacrylates are enployed to produce sealed, pressuretlght castlngs
wlth snooth surfaces.
nishing nelhods for aluninun die caslings can he found in Product
esiqn For ie Castinq.
Table A31 Chemical Composition: Al Alloys
A// sinq/e ta/ues are maximum composition percentaqes un/ess otheruise stated.
Connercial:
AXSI,AA
Xonlnal
Conp.
Aluminum Die Casting Alloys a
360
360.0
Ng 0.5
Sl 9.0
A360
A360.0
Ng 0.5
Sl 9.5
380 b
380.0
Cu 3.5
Sl 8.5
A380 b
A380.0
Cu 3.5
Sl 8.5
383
383.0
Cu 2.5
Sl l0.5
384 b
384.0
Cu 3.8
Sl ll.0
390*
B390.0
Cu 4.5
Sl l7.0
13
413.0
Sl l2.0
A13
A413.0
Sl l2.0
43
C443.0
Sl 5.0
218
518.0
Ng 8.0
Det ai l ed Composit ion
Silicon
Sl
9.0l0.0 9.0l0.0 7.59.5 7.59.5 9.5ll.5 l0.5l2.0 l6.0l8.0 ll.0l3.0 ll.0l3.0 4.5 6.0 0.35
Iron
Fe
2.0 l.3 2.0 l.3 l.3 l.3 l.3 2.0 l.3 2.0 l.8
Copper
Cu
0.6 0.6 3.0 4.0 3.0 4.0 2.03.0 3.0 4.5 4.05.0 l.0 l.0 0.6 0.25
Nagnesium
Ng
0.4 0.6 0.40.6 0.l0 0.l0 0.l0 0.l0 0.45 0.65 0.l0 0.l0 0.l0 7.5 8.5
Nanganese
Nn
0.35 0.35 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35
Xickel
Xl
0.50 0.50 0.50 0.5 0.30 0.50 0.l0 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.l5
Zinc
2n
0.50 0.50 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 l.5 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.l5
Tin
Sn
0.l5 0.l5 0.35 0.35 0.l5 0.35 ~ 0.l5 0.l5 0.l5 0.l5
Titanium
1l
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 0.l0 ~ ~ ~ ~
0thers
Each
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 0.l0 ~ ~ ~ ~
1otal
0thers
0.25 0.25 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.20 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25
Aluminum
Al
Balance Balance Balance Balance Balance Balance Balance Balance Balance Balance Balance
a Ana/sis sha// ordinari/ be made on/ tor the e/ements mentioned in this tab/e. It, houeter, the presence ot other e/ements is suspected, or
indicated in the course ot routine ana/sis, turther ana/sis sha// be made to determine that the tota/ ot these other e/ements are not present in
excess ot speciued /imits. b With respect to mechanica/ properties, a//os A380.0, 383.0 and 384.0 are substantia// interchanqeab/e. Sources.
ASTH B8592a, A/uminum Association.
* Tuo other a/uminum a//os, 36J & 369, are beinq uti/iced in /imited app/ications uhere tibration and uear are ot concern. There are a/so other heat
treatab/e specia/t a//os atai/ab/e tor structura/ app/ications, such as the Si/atonts and AA365. Contact our a//o producer tor more intormation.
HAbcA
A-3-1-0o

36
XALCA Product Speclncatlon Standards for Lle Castlngs , 2006
KIIoy 0utu
Table A32 Typical Naterial Properties: Al Alloys
Tpica/ ta/ues based on "ascast" characteristics tor separate/ die cast specimens, not specimens cut trom production die castinqs.
Connercial:
AXSI,AA
Aluminum Die Casting Alloys
360
360.0
A360
A360.0
380
380.0
A380
A380.0
383
383.0
384
384.0
390*
B390.0
13
413.0
A13
A413.0
43
C443.0
218
518.0
Nechanical Properti es
Lltimate Tensile Strength
ksl
(NPa)
44
(303)
46
(3l7)
46
(3l7)
47
(324)
45
(3l0)
48
(330)
46
(3l7)
43
(300)
42
(290)
33
(228)
45
(3l0)
Yield Strength a
ksl
(NPa)
25
(l70)
24
(l70)
23
(l60)
23
(l60)
22
(l50)
24
(l65)
36
(250)
2l
(l40)
l9
(l30)
l4
(97)
28
(l93)
Elongation
ln 2ln. (5lnn) 2.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 2.5 <l 2.5 3.5 9.0 5.0
Hardness b
BEX 75 75 80 80 75 85 l20 80 80 65 80
Shear Strength
ksl
(NPa)
28
(l90)
26
(l80)
28
(l90)
27
(l90)
~
29
(200)
~
25
(l70)
25
(l70)
l9
(l30)
29
(200)
Impact Strength
ftlb
(J)
~ ~
3
(4)
~
3 d
(4)
~ ~ ~ ~ ~
7
(9)
Fatigue Strength c
ksl
(NPa)
20
(l40)
l8
(l20)
20
(l40)
20
(l40)
2l
(l45)
20
(l40)
20
(l40)
l9
(l30)
l9
(l30)
l7
(l20)
20
(l40)
Young's Nodulus
psl x l0
6
(CPa)
l0.3
(7l)
l0.3
(7l)
l0.3
(7l)
l0.3
(7l)
l0.3
(7l)
~
ll.8
(8l.3)
l0.3
(7l)
~
l0.3
(7l)
~
Physical Properti es
Density
lb,ln
3
(g,cn
3
)
0.095
(2.63)
0.095
(2.63)
0.099
(2.74)
0.098
(2.7l)
0.099
(2.74)
0.l02
(2.82)
0.098
(2.7l)
0.096
(2.66)
0.096
(2.66)
0.097
(2.69)
0.093
(2.57)
Nelting Range
F
(C)
l035ll05
(557596)
l035ll05
(557596)
l000ll00
(540 595)
l000ll00
(540 595)
960l080
(5l6 582)
960l080
(5l6 582)
950l200
(5l0 650)
l065l080
(574582)
l065l080
(574582)
l065ll70
(574632)
995ll50
(535 62l)
Specic Heat
B1I,lb F
(J,kg C)
0.230
(963)
0.230
(963)
0.230
(963)
0.230
(963)
0.230
(963)
~ ~
0.230
(963)
0.230
(963)
0.230
(963)
~
Coefcient of Thermal Expansion
ln,lnF
( n,nK)
ll.6
(2l.0)
ll.6
(2l.0)
l2.2
(22.0)
l2.l
(2l.8)
ll.7
(2l.l)
ll.6
(2l.0)
l0.0
(l8.0)
ll.3
(20.4)
ll.9
(2l.6)
l2.2
(22.0)
l3.4
(24.l)
Thermal Conductivity
B1I,ft hrF
(w,n K)
65.3
(ll3)
65.3
(ll3)
55.6
(96.2)
55.6
(96.2)
55.6
(96.2)
55.6
(96.2)
77.4
(l34)
70.l
(l2l)
70.l
(l2l)
82.2
(l42)
55.6
(96.2)
Electrical Conductivity
IACS 30 29 27 23 23 22 27 3l 3l 37 24
Poisson's Ratio 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 ~ ~ ~ ~ 0.33 ~
a 0.2 ottset. b 500 kq /oad, J0mm ba//. c Rotar Bend 5 x J0
8
cc/es. d Notched Charp. Sources. ASTH B8592a, ASH, SAL, Wabash A//os.
* Tuo other a/uminum a//os, 36J & 369, are beinq uti/iced in /imited app/ications uhere tibration and uear are ot concern. There are a/so other
heat treatab/e specia/t a//os atai/ab/e tor structura/ app/ications, such as the Si/atonts and AA365. Contact our a//o producer tor more intorma
tion. Hore intormation can a/so be obtained trom Hicrostructures and Properties ot A/uminum Die Castinq A//os Book, NADCA Pub/ication #2J5.
HAbcA
A-3-2-0o