International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Studies

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TRANSMISSION ERROR ON SPUR GEAR

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Dr.Raghu Kumar, 2Niraj Tiwari, 3Devendra Kunwar 4R.R Vara Lakshmi 5 Mohan Chhetri

Address for Correspondence

Professor, Professor Mechanical Department University 2, 3, 4 Department of Mechanical Engineering Koneru lakshmaih College of Engineering, Guntur 522502 A.P ngineering, 5 Department of Mechanical Engineering Koneru lakshmaih university, Guntur pin 522502 A.P ngineering, ABSTRACT:
This study characteristic of spur gear system including contact analysis stress bending stress shear stress and transmission error of the gear with design and mesh. The gear noise problem that widely occurs in power transmission systems is typically characterized by one or more high amplitude acoustic signals . To estimate the transmission error in the actual gear system which arise because of irregular shape tool geometry imperfect mounting misalignment of two gear and so on .IN this mounting analysis of the spur gear is used to study the effect of the tooth profile geometry and their modification by using FEM he method. Here the deflection of the teeth is calculated by using the bending stress and shear stress and principle stress. In this paper tooth relief modification is consideration for profile modification by using FEM.
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INTRODUCTION: Gear geometry performs a very important role in the gear design process. An abrupt change in the cross crosssection may act as the stress raiser leading to stress and concentration and increase the amount of localized stress or can decrease the transmission error and smooth engaging or much more .There are some critical section where the change in magnitude of the stress depend on the size and material taken and shape of the section where two gear are to be contact re .For gear ,, it depend on the radius of the curvature of the fillet at the critical section of the gear tooth . The object of this paper is to analysis the stress that occurs on the gear tooth during the contact and calculates the shear stress and reduces by changing profile modification. Actually ,the main reason of the vibration and noise in the transmission error between master and slave gear ,but the error must exit in any manufacture process and alignment of gear at the assemble time . semble to decrease harmful noise and vibration the most effective method is TOOTH PROFILE MODIFICATION which is by tip relief for modification of gear geometry profile and pressure angle of the gear tooth to regulate transmission error .In this paper, the transmission error of the gear with per, pressure angle of 20 degree and pressure angle of 14.5 degree is analysis by using FEM method .which will influence the transmission error Material selection: The majority of the paper work carried out in this area of the gear vibration centre on steel gear and due to the availabity of the reliable experimental data (26 (26, 28, 66, 67, 69, 70) steel was chosen as the material of ) choice for the project the model was given material properties of steel as show below:
Material property Density Youngs modules (N/mm2 ) Poisson ratio Mass damping Value 7.80e-9 2e5 0.3 0.03 value 20 teeth 200 , 14.50 2

20 nodes with a single degree of freedom, temperature, at each node. The 20 20-node elements have compatible temperature shapes and are well suited to model curved boundaries. The 20-node thermal element is applicable to a 3 node 3-D, steady-state or transient thermal analysis. See state SOLID90 in the Theory Reference for ANSYS and ANSYS Workbench for more details about this element. If the model containing this element is also to be analyzed structurally, the element should be e replaced by the equivalent structural element (such as SOLID95). Design procedure: In this paper the design is drawn by using pro pro-e package along with e-machine shop for the design of machine the gear .the gear with line sketch

3-d drawing of the gear by using software package d pro-e

GEAR GEOMETRY
gear geometry Driver and driven gear Pressure angle Module, m

SOLID90 Geometry: SOLID90 is a higher order version of the 3 eight 3-D node thermal element (SOLID70). The element has ). IJAERS/Vol. I/ Issue III/April-June, 2012/ June, 2012/122-125

FEM METHOD TO MESH AND ANALYSIS OF SPUR GEAR Here in this paper the design gear is import in the FEM any-sis package along with sub package of contact analysis and stress analysis of the spur gear. Analysis type: As this is the static non linear analysis, the analysis procedure used in the analysis step must be set to static stress/displacement analysis . In this type of /displacement analysis the inertia effect of the part are neglected along with ant time depend material effect such as creep, crack propagation and viscous viscous-elastic effect. The static analysis can be a linear or non linear type and this essential influence the specification of appropriate boundary condition for the analysis. In the case of the spur gear pair being modeled in our work, non- linear effect can be expected in the form

International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Studies of large displacement effect and contact non linearitys which must be accounted for .As geometrical nonlinear behavior is present in our analysis , the large displacement formulation will be used in the modification In the case of the spur gear pair being modeled in our work, non-linear effects can be expected in the form of large-displacement 0f facts and contact nonlinearities which must be accounted for. As geometrically nonlinear behavior is present in our analysis, the large-displacement formulation will be used in the model definition Interaction property One of the signification properties to be consider in defining the teeth interaction is the the type of contact between the interfacing surface, which in the simulation is set to finite sliding with surface to surface contact. The master and slave gear surface that need to be picked to complete the interaction properties depend on the drive gear respectively. Once the interaction properties for the gear pair model are defined, then these properties are simply propagated to other step f the analysis. In the static non-linear simulation, a load of 14000Nmm is applied to the driven gear as a ramped function in the contact step and is applied instantaneously over the rotation step .Here the sequence of contact stress Distribution plot of two teeth in contact as they rotate clockwise through the mesh . It can be seen that the highest von mises stress is located underneath the contact surface, which is as reported in contact theory and contact ratio of the gear pair is more then 1.0. GEAR along with volume meshing

E-ISSN22498974

Gear with 200 profile angle along with shear stress bending stress and von mises stress and x-y-z components displacing LOAD STEP= 1 SUBSTEP= 1 TIME= 1.0000 LOAD CASE= 0 NODAL RESULTS ARE FOR MATERIAL 1 THE FOLLOWING X,Y,Z VALUES ARE IN GLOBAL COORDINATES NODE SX SY SZ SXY SYZ SXZ 1 0.11821E+14-0.22269E+13 0.26435E+13-0.24299E+13 0.73121E+12-0.31899E+12 2 -0.65241E+12-0.15244E+13-0.65303E+12-0.31917E+12-0.12931E+12-0.94859E+11 4 0.23711E+14-0.43585E+13 0.57057E+13-0.28391E+13 0.33942E+13-0.38085E+13 6 0.54612E+14-0.55217E+13 0.13998E+14-0.76556E+13 0.81106E+13-0.95287E+13 8 0.12992E+15 0.21952E+14 0.44496E+14-0.27943E+14 0.21322E+14-0.23419E+14 10 0.17807E+15 0.89094E+14 0.72982E+14-0.55450E+14 0.35895E+14-0.37585E+14 12 0.16593E+15 0.12495E+15 0.85324E+14-0.58657E+14 0.41959E+14-0.41491E+14 14 0.12255E+15 0.10864E+15 0.60832E+14-0.48923E+14 0.29826E+14-0.31255E+14 16 0.85097E+14 0.85631E+14 0.44520E+14-0.36012E+14 0.21578E+14-0.22554E+14 18 0.42881E+14 0.50646E+14 0.24406E+14-0.19719E+14 0.11327E+14-0.11946E+14 IJAERS/Vol. I/ Issue III/April-June, 2012/122-125

International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Studies

E-ISSN22498974

Gear with14.50 profile angle along with shear stress bending stress and von mises stress and x-y-z components displacing

LOAD STEP= 1 SUBSTEP= 1 TIME= 1.0000 LOAD CASE= 0 NODAL RESULTS ARE FOR MATERIAL 1 THE FOLLOWING X,Y,Z VALUES ARE IN GLOBAL COORDINATES NODE SX SY SZ SXY SYZ SXZ 1 0.15864E+13 0.41671E+13 0.17260E+13-0.14544E+12-0.10615E+13 0.32491E+12 2 -0.19083E+13-0.13421E+13-0.97513E+12-0.58535E+12 0.23043E+12 0.37543E+12 4 0.36079E+13 0.45542E+13 0.24608E+13 0.30660E+13-0.15673E+13-0.38257E+12 6 0.77765E+12-0.36679E+13-0.84308E+12 0.27122E+13 0.63326E+12 0.19970E+12 8 -0.22549E+13-0.68795E+13-0.24581E+13-0.85720E+11 0.17743E+13 0.39472E+12 10 0.27313E+13 0.81469E+13 0.32635E+13 0.10787E+12 0.20297E+13-0.62628E+12 12 0.22876E+13 0.62060E+13 0.25481E+13 0.77465E+11 0.56452E+12-0.11522E+12 14 0.16841E+13 0.68777E+13 0.25686E+13 0.33090E+12 0.11137E+12-0.33513E+11 16 0.21068E+13 0.64790E+13 0.25757E+13 0.10532E+12-0.35781E+12 0.11326E+12 MESH CONVERGENCE ANALYSIS In order to determine an optimal FE model for the static analysis, a simple mesh convergence analysis was carried out. The spur gear was divided into three regions as in result show above. In the majority of the gear body a relative low number of division along the edge has been used and has been kept constant during the convergences analysis resulting in the relatively coat mesh on the two flanks and top land of every tooth an increasing number of division along the edge has been consider to analysis their effect on accuracy and computational cost RESULT OF STATIC NON LINEAR ANALYSIS The following part will deal with the effect of some operation condition of the result obtain from the static analysis. The result obtain from these IJAERS/Vol. I/ Issue III/April-June, 2012/122-125 simulation will give a clear picture of effect of the variable on STE of the gear pair contact. CONCLUSION The contribution of this paper work presented here can be summarized as follows the aim of the work is to minimize the noise of the spur gear .a semi analytic and FEM software has been used for the performing meshing simulation .LCR gear have been studied and the maximum tooth detection is calculated with total tip relif and profile angle .where it is found that the total tooth relief show the better result and to reduce the TE. Thus profile modification is done by changing the pressure angle to reduce the TE and it is shown the proper result during analysis were friction and vibration are taken considerations during analysis

International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Studies ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We wish to thank the batch member for the team work in whole activity in the gear design and analysis and special thank to Raghu kumar bandlamudi for the guidance. REFERENCE
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Prof. k.shyam Prasad for the valuable information and guidance machine design by r.s khurmi and j.k gupta http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gear Dudley's gear handbook Darle W. Dudley ,Dennis P. Townsend s.harris .dyanmic load on the teeth of spur gear and procimech,172(2) h.walker, gear tooth deflection and profile medication .engineering 166;409-412,432-436,1938 litvin f.l and a.fuentes. gear geometry and applied theory Cambridge university press,2004 http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ansys/contact/step07.htm http://www1.ansys.com/customer/content/documentatio n/120/ans_mul.pdf http://www.mece.ualberta.ca/tutorials/ansys/AT/Contac t/Contact.html http://www1.ansys.com/customer/content/documentatio n/120/ans_ctec.pdf H. Walker. Gear tooth deflections and profile modifications. Engineer, 166: 409-412, 434-436, 1938 G. Niemann and J. Baethge. Transmission error tooth stiffness, and noise of parallel axis gears. VDIZ, Dudley, D. W., Modification of Gear Tooth Product Engineering, p. 126131, September 1949. Litvin, F.L. and A. Fuentes. Gear Geometry and Applied Th eory. Cambridge University Press, 2004. Z. Li1,and K. Mao,2007 The Tooth Profile Modification in Gear Manufacture School of Engineering and , Brunel University, Uxbridge, London

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