Chapter III RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY This chapter presents the research design, methodology of the research

to be used, locale of the study, respondents of the study, the research instrumentation, and the data gathering procedure used by the researchers in conducting the community diagnosis of Purok Balakayo, Barangay Olympog, General Santos City. Research Design This study is a non-experimental research specifically a descriptive normative survey which describes the health practices and condition of the community people living in Purok Balakayo, Barangay Olympog. The survey was conducted with the aid of questionnaires composed of both open-ended and close-ended questions prepared by the college of Nursing of Notre Dame of Dadiangas University. Self-reported data are collected from the community for purpose of describing the population in relation to specific given variables. The questionnaire includes the personal data of the respondents, the general household data, the environmental data, the economic data and medical health data as well as some of the health perceptions of the members of the households. It is concerned with the existing conditions, its significance, and in making adequate and accurate interpretation of the data gathered. This method involves the classification and enumeration of collated data which

VARIABLE

METHODOLOGY Research Design

Personal Data Descriptive Normative Research General Household Data Locale of the Study Purok Balakayo, Barangay Olympog, General Santos City Respondents Residents of Purok Balakayo, Barangay Olympog, General Santos City Instrumentation Barangay Health Profile

Economic Data

Environmental Data

Medical Health

Household Health Status Data Form Data Gathering Procedure Interview Statistical Tool Frequency Percentage A Community Profile of Purok Balakayo, Barangay Olympog, General Santos City
53

Figure 2. Research Design

are

usually gathered

using Barangay

Health Profiles

and

Household Status Data Forms. After the collation of data, it was analyzed, interpreted, and its implications were presented. Through the descriptions, community health nursing diagnoses were then derived and were the bases in developing and implementing community health nursing interventions and strategies. Locale of the Study The study was conducted at Purok Balakayo of Barangay Olympog which is situated at General Santos City. General Santos City is at the southern part of the Philippines. General Santos City has a total land area of 53,606 hectares. Its terrain ranges from generally flat to gently undulating in the city and generally flat with scattered hills and isolated mountains in neighboring South Cotabato and Sarangani

Province. Barangay Olympog is bounded by Upper Labay at the North side, Barangay Conel at the South, Barangay Mabuhay in the West side, and Barangay Tinagakan at the East. It has a total land area of 22,510 hectares with a population growth rate of 1% (2000-2007). Respondents of the Study The respondents of this study were the residents of Purok Balakayo, Barangay Olympog, General Santos City. They have the ability to give the necessary information included in the questionnaire employed by the researchers. The subjects will be categorized according to the
54

household he or she belongs. The study consists of 66 households with 280 total population coming from all age brackets. Research Instrumentation This study utilized the use of Barangay Health Profile and Household Status Data forms. The Barangay Health Profile measures and quantifies the attributes of the community and families in different aspects, the figures obtained from the use of this tool will help in analyzing and interpreting the different factors that affect the community as a whole. The Household Health Status Data forms contain basic criteria needed to evaluate the wellness of a family in line with the criteria set for its determination in the different quarters of the year. The data gathered from these forms is also an important indicator for the use in the data board entries. Furthermore, the researchers also employed the use of the interview method as an instrument in gathering data from the respondents, barangay officials, barangay health workers and other members of the community. Data Gathering Procedure The researchers utilized the following steps to gather the necessary data for the study. The researchers had their courtesy call to the barangay and purok officials of Barangay Olympog to identify them, to know their objectives and aims for the community, and to gain their approval and
55

support in conducting the study. The researchers had their ocular survey to determine the boundaries of their study, to meet the community people and to have an initial interaction as well as to establish rapport. The researchers were divided into six (6) pairs that were assigned to different tasks including household survey, history gathering,

identification of organizations, leaders, physical and geographical data, and spot mapping. The household survey was conducted by interviewing a

representative from the family, preferably an individual who is of legal age of 18 years old and above, of stable mind, and is capable making sound decisions. After the data has been gathered, the researchers tallied and analyzed them in order to come up with an accurate determination of the present status of the families in the area and the community as a whole. Statistical Tool The study implored the use of percentage and frequency as the form of statistical treatment in this study. The data gathered were statistically treated and measured using computation and tabulation in order to establish an adequate counting system of data to gather the total number for the given variables. Percentage was used in this study to

determine their respective proportion in comparison to those other variables specifically in presenting household characteristics such as the household size, the profile of dependents, the number of income earners
56

in the household, the household income, housing data, other sources of income, the immunization status of the children, the percentage of women using a family planning method and the average of death rate due to illness and accidents. The common illnesses experienced and treatments done by the residents were ranked according to its prevalence to determine the order of decreasing or increasing magnitude of variables. The formula to get the percentage is presented below. Formula: f P= N x 100 Where: P = percentage of each variable f = frequency N = total number of respondents 100 = constant

57