Anne

Sasha Glanville Colorado State University Faculty: Barry Lefer and Melissa Yang Mentor: Nicole Grossberg
August 8, 2012

Ninety percent of science happens because of luck.

-Sasha Glanville trying to remember a quote by Don Blake

Thats a lot of ozone.

-Barry Lefer, censored

Flight 1: June 25, 2012 AM Flight

From 60 ppbv to 124 ppbv in < 4 minutes

La#tude: 37.7 N Longitude: 119.8 W

From 60 ppbv to 148 ppbv in < 7minutes

La#tude: 37.2 N Longitude: 119.8 W

Weather before Flight 1

Stratospheric intrusions can be caused by:
Jet streaks propagaTng around an upper-level low High pressure systems at the surface Fronts at the surface

Looking down: Northern Hemisphere

4 5

3 6 1 2

100

Ascent Subsidence Stratosphere

20

Subtropical Jet
Al#tude (km) Troposphere
10

Tropics

Middle La#tudes

Polar Region

Methodology
Chemical Tracers: in-situ and WAS In-situ measurements: O3 (ozone) WAS measurements: N2O, CFCs, and other halocarbons Dynamic Variables: Weather Research and Forecas#ng

(WRF) Model
80 verTcal levels PotenTal VorTcity (PV) Tropopause heights

In-situ measurements

Cans 2-5

Cans 10-15

From 60 ppbv to 124 ppbv in < 4 minutes

La#tude: 37.7 N Longitude: 119.8 W

From 60 ppbv to 148 ppbv in < 7minutes

La#tude: 37.2 N Longitude: 119.8 W

Dot size as a funcTon of alTtude

Dot size as a funcTon of alTtude

11

3 10 4 12

2 13

14
15

Dot size as a funcTon of alTtude

11

3 10 4 12

2 13

5
15

14

Dot size as a funcTon of alTtude

11

3 10
12

2 13

14
15

Dynamic Variables
Poten#al Vor#city (PV): the dot product of vorTcity and

straTcaTon

VorTcity is related to the amount of rotaTon in a uid (air) StraTcaTon describes the stable nature of the stratosphere PV is inversely proporTonal to density Surface maps Cross-SecTons

Tropopause Height: separates the troposphere and

stratosphere

LaTtudinal Cross-SecTon
37.7 N

Longitudinal Cross-SecTon
119.8 W

2 km

Northern California

Central California

Conclusions
Stratospheric air can be transported down into the

troposphere and inuence surface ozone

Stratosphere-troposphere exchange (STE) should be included

in air quality forecast models because of this inuence

Stratospheric air was evident in at least 5 cans Future work: Ground-site ozone validaTon Predict the eects that climate change will have on frequency of stratospheric intrusions

Acknowledgements
Thank you BNBs, Jimmy Flynn, Nicole Grossberg, Barry Lefer, and Melissa

Yang

Thank you Land, Ocean, and WAS groups Thank you Greg Harf for chemistry advice and Henry Fuelberg for

meteorological advice me with WRF plots the summer program

Thank you Nick Heath (SARP 2011) at Florida State University for helping Thank you Eric Buzay and Adam Webster for helping the BNBs throughout Thank you Rick Shefer and Emily Schaller for making this an amazing

References
Gefelman, A., D. E. Kinnison, T. J. Dunkerton, and G. P. Brasseur (2004), Impact of monsoon circulaTons on

the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D22101, doi:10.1029/2004JD004878.

Langford, A. O., J. Brioude, O. R. Cooper, C. J. Sen, R. J. Alvarez II, R. M. Hardesty, B. J. Johnson, and S. J.

Oltmans (2011), Stratospheric inuence on surface ozone in the Los Angeles area during late spring and early summer of 2010, J. Geophys. Res., doi:10.1029/2011JD016766.

Pan, L. L., K. P. Bowman, E. L. Atlas, S. C. Wofsy, F. Zhang, J. F. Bresch, B. A. Ridley, J. V. Pifman, C. R.

Homeyer, P. Romashkin, W. A. Cooper 2010: The Stratosphere-Troposphere Analyses of Regional Transport 2008 (START08) Experiment, Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 91, 327-342 .

Descending to Lake Tahoe

Goals
Main goal Find out if there was a stratospheric intrusion Secondary goals Show what stratospheric-air tracers look like in California MoTvate air quality modelers to include stratosphere- troposphere exchange (STE) Issues Following ights didnt return to Lake Tahoe