TS 4001: Lecture Summary 1

Introduction

Course Information
TS4001 contents: http://online.nps.navy.mil/ts4001_pa/ TSSE material: http://www.nps.navy.mil/tsse/ KISKA shared drive: \\KISKA\TSSE CD-ROM is also available. Know where the information is, how to search for it, how to get it, and how to use it.
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Information is Everything

The Germans knew about British radar, but never dreamed that what the radar saw was being passed on to the fighter pilot in the air through such a highly elaborate communications system. (Peter Townsend, R.A.F. Fighter Command, The Battle of Britain, 1940). Persistent ISR is letting us find a target in Afghanistan, combine it with a weapon and watch what happens; if we see that they try to escape in that truck, we can then shoot that truck. (John Stenbit, Assistant Secretary of Defense, C3I, Operation Enduring Freedom, 2001)

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Introduction

Design, Integration, Optimization

Design is often frustrating: Broad and conflicting requirements. Decisions must be made with incomplete or, at best, approximate data. The engineer must recognize where these exist and the resulting implications and risk. It requires the kind of judgement and confidence which comes primarily from experience. Experience knows no shortcuts, it comes with time. There is never a single approach or correct answer. The development of any complex engineering system involves a natural conflict between creativity/inventiveness and risk avoidance/conservatism.

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Introduction

Hierarchy of Systems
LEVELS

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Ba ttle Fo rce Ba ttle Mana geme nt Air Systems

CV Subs

Fig hting Un its Sea Syst ems

CLF

Wa rfa re Syste ms Spac e Land Syste ms Syste ms Total Sh ip Integ rated Syste ms Syste ms Subsyste ms Equip ment / Co mpon ent

Amphib Combatant M/W

Mis si on S ys tems

Mobil ity Sy st ems Power Propul Auxil Sy st ems Sy st ems El ectri cal Sy st ems Pr ime Mover s

Pl atform Sy st ems

Auxil & Cr ew Sy st ems

Swi tch Boards Circui t Breakers

Hyd rodyna mics 07/15/98

Mate rials

Sign ature s

Foundational Competencies

Infor matio n Syste ms

4

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Introduction

Hierarchy of Systems
FORCE

TOTAL SHIP

COMBAT SYS/ HM&E

COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS LAMPS LAMPS LAMPS LAMPS COMMAND & COMMAND CONTROL & CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM

RADAR S RADAR S

IFF IFF

WEAPON SYS/ PLATFORM

SENSOR SENSOR CONTROL CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM WEAPON WEAPON CONTROL CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM

ECM ECM

GUN GUN

TOMAHAWK TOMAHAWK

ESM ESM

HARPOON HARPOON SAT NAV SAT NAV

SONARS SONARS

ELEMENT

CIWS CIWS

SAM SAM

TORPEDO TORPEDO

SENSORS

CONTROL SYSTEMS

WEAPONS

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Introduction

Signature Considerations
Hull
Radar Cross Section Wake Acoustic Magnetic

Propulsion
Infrared (IR) Wake Acoustic Magnetic

An example in complexity. Is this a problem in:

Hydrodynamics? Acoustics? Electromagnetics?

Auxiliaries
IR Acoustic
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Creativity
Ship design is a creative process with the goal of creating a product which should perform better that the competition. This must be viewed in an economic sense. The time factor is often more critical than the optimal product. A good plan executed now is better than a perfect plan next week General George Patton.

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Introduction

 and Risk
An innovation should come out at the right moment. Some innovations which have failed deserve periodic reconsideration. A failure can eventually turn into a success. Most successful inventions are the result of a step by step process. Shipowners do not like inventions. Do not include more than one invention at a time. For an invention to be acceptable, first it has to be reliable. To be reliable, it has to be built up as much as possible of conventional parts, must be easy to maintain/repair; this means it has to be simple. It should offer substantial profit to offset risk aversion. Different customers understand profit in different ways. People barriers can be more difficult to overcome that physical ones.

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Introduction

Examples

A failure may turn into a success.

Things are not always what they appear to be.

Some innovations which have failed deserve periodic reconsideration.

A good idea that came out at the wrong moment.

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Introduction

10

Greece 1949

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Introduction

11

Vietnam 1968

The Tet Offensive: A complete failure that ends up a success.

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Western Front 1914

The Schlieffen plan: An idea ahead of its time.

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Additional Reading

1.1.1 Total Ship Systems Engineering (J. D. Horner). 1.1.2 Modeling the Ship as a Weapon System (J. M. Green).

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Introduction

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