3.

2 ORCAD-PCB Design The capability to provide fast and universal design entry makes orcad capture de sign entry the most widely used schematic entry system in electronic design toda y. Whether used to design a new analog circuit, revise a schematic diagram for a n existing printed circuit board (PCB), or design a digital block diagram with a n HDL module, orcad capture provides the tools needed to enter, modify, and veri fy the PCB design. Orcad Capture CIS integrates the Orcad Capture schematic desi gn application with the features of a component information system (CIS). 3.2.1 ORCAD PCB Design Technologies ORCAD products have a proven track record of innovation in the PCB personal prod uctivity market. Available as stand-alone tools or in comprehensive suites, they allow designers to realize products from conception to manufacturing output. Ea sy to use and intuitive, they offer exceptional value, and orcad technology prov ides easy migration to the platform. 3.2.2 ORCAD Capture ORCAD Capture is a complete solution for design creation, management, and reuse. Its ease-of-use allows designers to focus their creativity on design developmen t rather than tool operation. The hierarchical Schematic Page Editor combines a windows user interface with functionality and features specifically for design e ntry tasks and for publishing design data. Centralized project management provides seamless interchange of schematic data f or circuit simulation, board layout, and signal integrity analysis. A configurab le design rule check (DRC) mechanism helps eliminate costly engineering change o rders (ECOs). Basic bill of materials (BOMs) outputs are created from data schem atic data for circuit simulation, board layout, and signal integrity analysis. A configurable design rule check (DRC) mechanism helps eliminate costly engineeri ng change orders (ECOs). Basic bill of materials (BOMs) outputs are created from data contained in the schematic database. 3.2.3 ORCAD Capture CIS ORCAD capture CIS is designed to reduce production delays and cost overruns thro ugh efficient management of components. It reduces the time spent searching exis ting parts for reuse, manually entering part information content, and maintainin g component data. Users search parts based on their electrical characteristics a nd orcad capture CIS automatically retrieves the associated part. Flexible and s calable, the solution is quickly implemented. Orcad capture CIS is ideal for individual design teams or multi-site teams who n eed to collaborate across multiple locations, orcad capture CIS gives designers access to correct part data early in the design process and enables complete com ponent specifications to be passed to board designers and other members of the d esign team, reducing the potential for downstream errors. It provides access to cost information so designers can use preferred, lower cost, and in stock parts. The embedded part selector accesses information stored in MRP/ERP systems and e ngineering databases and synchronizes externally sourced data with the schematic design database, so bills of materials can be automatically generated. 3.2.4 FEATURES Schematic Editor: The full-featured schematic editor allows users to view and ed it multiple schematic designs in a single session. Design data is easily reused by copying and pasting within or between schematics. Parts are quickly selected from a comprehensive set of functional part libraries. Configurable design and e lectrical rule checkers ensure design integrity. In-line editing of parts allows pin name and number movement. A user interface has been provided to add critica l constraints for users of the orcad capture to orcad PCB editor flow. Project Manager: The Project Manager simplifies organizing and tracking the vari ous types of data generated in the design process. An expanding tree diagram mak

es it easy to structure and navigate design files, including those generated by pspice simulators, orcad capture CIS, and other plug-ins. A Creation Wizard guid es users through all the resources available for a specific design flow. Users c an navigate the entire schematic structure and instantly open specific elements a schematic page, part, or net with the hierarchy browser. Hierarchical Design and Reuse: Orcad capture boosts schematic editing efficiency by enabling sub circuit reuse without having to make multiple copies. Using hie rarchical blocks, simply reference the same sub circuit multiple times. Automatic creation of hierarchica l ports eliminates potential design connection errors. Ports and pins can be upd ated dynamically for hierarchical blocks and underlying schematics. Added naviga tion utilities recognize block boundaries and accessibility using keyboard short cuts. The Libraries and Part Editor: The library editor is accessed directly from the orcad capture user interface. Users can create and edit parts in the library or directly from the schematic page without interrupting workflow. Intuitive graphi cal controls speed schematic part creation and editing. New parts are created qu ickly by modifying existing ones. New parts can also be created from spread shee ts. A library part generator automates the integration of field programmable gat e arrays (FPGAs) and programmable logic devices (PLDs) into the system schematic . The Generate Part feature simplifies the creation of core FPGA library parts f or high-pin-count devices. These parts can be split into multiple parts. Easy Data Entry: Designers can access all part, net, pin, and title block properties, or any sub set, and make changes quickly through the orcad capture spreadsheet property edi tor. It simply requires selecting a circuit element, grouped area, or entire pag e, and then selecting add/edit/delete part, net, or pin properties. Benefits: Provides fast, intuitive schematic editing Boosts schematic editing efficiency by design reuse Automates the integration of FPGA and PLD devices Makes changes quickly through a single spreadsheet editor Imports and exports virtually every commonly used design file format Reduces delays caused by out-of-stock parts (CIS) Promotes reuse of preferred components (CIS) Encourages reuse of known good part data (CIS) Makes reuse of duplicate circuitry easy through hierarchical blocks (CIS) This tool is used to design the schematic of the hardware. Using Orcad the PCB layout is designed

4. Comparison between micro controllers 4.1 comparison between 8051 and PIC microcontrollers 8051 microcontroller Pic microcontroller 8051 micro controllers are CISC architecture . It have much larger instruction set. The 8051 as 111 instructions most instructions excute in one machine cycle , eac h of which takes 12 oscillator cycles CSIC instructions have large complex and slower CSIC chips require more hardware implementation compared to RISC There are two timers/counters present in 8051 micro controller There are five vector interrupt sources present in 8051 micro controllers Pic micontrollers are RISC architecture. It has simple instruction set.

Pic micro-controllers have 35 instructions, most instructions execute in one mac hine cycle, four oscillator cycles for the pic instruction cycle RISC instructions have fewer, simpler and faster instructions RISC chips require lesser hardware implementation Three versatile timers can characterize inputs, control outputs, and provide int ernal timing for program execution Up to twelve independent interrupt sources can control when the central processi ng unit will deal with each source The above table describes the comparison of microcontrollers and its performance evaluation of microcontrollers. 4.2. Conclusion on Performance of 8051 and PIC microcontrollers: Compared to all the features of 8051 and PIC microcontrollers PIC is most effici ent, simpler and faster instruction execution is possible.PIC executes most of its instructi ons in 0.2 microseconds, or five instructions per microsecond.