PART A

1. Draw PV and TS diagram for diesel cycle. 2. Define air standard efficiency. 3. Explain delay period. 4. Compare SI and CI engine. 5. Give the reasons for the decrease in pressure drop in nozzles. 6. Explain reheat factor. 7. Define degree of reaction. 8. What is diffuser efficiency? 9. Mention the types of air conditioning controls. 10. What are all the advantages of unitary system?

PART B
11. a ) Derive an expression for Efficiency, work done, mean effective pressure for Dual cycle. b ) An engine 20 cm bore and 30 cm stroke works on otto cycle .The clearance volume is 1600 cu cm. the initial pressure and temperature are 1 bar and 333 K. It the maximum Pressure is limited to 24 bar ,find the following; a )The air standard efficiency of the cycle b )The mean effective pressures for the cycle. Assume the ideal conditions. ( or ) C ) An engine working on otto cycle has a volume of 0.5 m3 , pressure 1 bar and temperature 27 C at the beginning of the compression stroke. At the end of the compression stroke the pressure is 10 bar, 210kJ of heat is added during constant volume heating process. Calculate the pressure, temperature and volume at salient points in the cycle. Also find the percentage clearance, efficiency, net work done per cycle and mean effective pressure. If the number of

working cycle is 200 per second, find the power developed by the engine. Assume the cycle is reversible. D) Sketch PV and TS diagram for actual and theoretical of CI engine. 12. A) Sketch and working of solax carburettor. B) Mention the type of ignition and write a short note on any one of them. ( or ) C) A cylinder, 4- stroke petrol engine 6 mm bore and 9 mm stroke was tested at constant speed. The fuel supply was fixed to 0.13 kg/min. and plugs of 4- cylinders were successively short-circuited without the change of speed. The power measurements as follows : With all cylinders working = 16.25 kW, with no. 1st cylinder cut off = 11.55 kWh, with no. 2nd cylinder cut off = 11.65 kW ( B.P ), with no. 3rd cylinder cut off = 11.70 kW ( B.P ), with no. 4th cylinder cut off =11.50 kW ( B.P ) Find ( a ) The I.P of the engine ( b ) The Mechanical efficiency ( c ) Indicated thermal efficiency if C.V of fuel used is 42000 kJ/kg and cu.cm. D) A test on single cylinder, 4- stroke oil engine, having bore 180 mm and stroke 360 mm gave the following results : speed 290 r.p.m. ; brake torque 392 Nm ; indicated mean-effectivepressure 7.2 bar ; oil consumption 3.5 kg/hr ; cooling water flow, 270 kg/hr ; cooling water temperature rise 36C ; air-fuel ratio by mass 25 ; exhaust gas temperature 415C ; barometric pressure, 1.013 bar ; room temperature 21C. The fuel has calorific value of 45,200 kJ/kg and contains 15%of hydrogen by mass. Calculate : ( a ) the indicated thermal efficiency, and ( b ) the volumetric efficiency based on atmospheric conditions. Draw up a heat balance sheet in terms of kJ/min. Take R = 0.287 kJ/kg-C, Cp for dry exhaust gases = 1,0035 kJ/kg-K and Cps for superheated steam = 2.093 kJ/kg-K.

13) a)Dry saturated steam enters a steam nozzle at a pressure of 15 bar and is discharged at a pressure of 2.0 bar.if the dryness fraction of discharge steam is 0.96,what will be the final velocity of steam. Neglect initial velocity of steam if 10% of heat drop is lost in friction ,find the percentage reduction in the final velocity b)super heated steam at a pressure of 10 bar and 400c is supplied to a steam engine. adiabatic expansion takes place to release point at 0.9 bar and it exhausts in to a condenser at 0.3 bar .neglecting clearance determine for a steam flow rate of 1.5kg/s: 1)quality of steam at the end of expansion and the end of constant volume operation. 2)power developed. 3)specific steam consumption. 4)modified rankine cycle efficiency. Or c)the following data to single stage impulse turbine: isentropic nozzle enthalpy drop=210kj/kg, nozzle efficiency=90%, nozzle angle=25, ratio of blade speed to whirl component of steem=0.5, blade velocity coefficient=0.9, the velocity of steam entering the nozzle =30 m/s. Find a) The blade angles at inlet and outlet if the steam enters the blades without shock and leaves the blades in the axial direction. b) Blade efficiency c) Power developed and d) Axial thrust if the steam flow rate is 10 kg/s.

d)Explain with neat sketch the willson line and metastable flow? 14) a)Explain performance characteristics of axial compressor? b) An air compressor takes in air at 1 bar and 20C and compresses it according to law PV =C . It is then delivered to a receiver at a constant pressure of 10 bar. R =0.287 kj/kg k . Determine a) Temperature at the end of compression. b) Work done and heat transferred during compression per kg of air.
1.2

Or c)a single stage double acting air compressor delivers air at 7bar. The pressure and temperature at the end of suction stroke are 1bar and 27c.it delivers 2m3 of free air per

minute when the compressor is running at 300 rpm. The clearance volume is 5% of the stroke volume. The pressure and temperature of ambind air 1.03 bar and 20c. index of compression= 1.3, index of re-expansion=1.35,find a)the volumetric efficiency of the compressor.b)I.P.of the compressor and B.P.if mechanical efficiency is 80%.c) the diameter and stroke of the cylinder if both are equal. d) compare reciprocating and rotary compressors 15)a) Explain in detail vapour absorbtion refrigeration system. b) A refrigerating machine using air as working fluid and working on closed bell-coleman cycle uperates under the following conditions: Refrigerator temperature=150 K,cooler temperature=300K.the air temperature at the entry refrigerator temperature .Pressuren in the refrigerator=1bar,calculate 1)Refrigeration effect 2)Network 3)COP of the machine 4)cooler pressure (or) c)Explain in detail about central air conditioning system d)A food storage locker requires a refrigeration capacity of 50 kW.it works between a condenser temperature of 35C and an evaporator temperature of -10C.the refrigerant is ammonia.it is sub-cooled by 5C before entering the expansion value by the dry saturated vapour leaving the evaporator.Assuming a single cylinder ,single acting compressor operating at 1000 r.p.m.with stroke equals to 1.2 times the bore. Determine(i)The power required,and (ii)The cylinder dimensions: Properties of ammonia are:

Saturation TemperatureC

Pressure bar

Enthalpy,kj/kg Entropy kj/kg k

Specific volume m3kg

Specific heat kj/kg K

Liquid Vapour Liquid Vapour Liquid Vapour Liquid Vapour -10 35 2.9157 13.522 154.051450.22 0.82965.7550 366.071488.57 1.56605.2086 _ 0.4174 _ 4.556 2.492 2.903

1.7023 0.0956