UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SANTA MARIA CENTRO DE CI NCIAS RURAIS CCR DEPARTAMENTO DE CI NCIAS FLORESTAIS DCFL Dicionrio alem o portugu

ugu s ingl s para termos tcnicos na rea da silvicultura, ecologia florestal, solos e nutri o

W rterbuch deutsch englisch portugiesisch fr Fachausdrcke im Bereich des Waldbaus, Wald kologie, Bodenkunde und Waldernhrung

Dictionary German English Portuguese for technical terms in the area of Silviculture, Forest Ecology, Soils and Forest Nutrition
Irene Seling Engenheiro Florestal, Dra. Professora Visitante, CCR/UFSM/Santa Maria/RS Peter Spathelf Engenheiro Florestal, Dr. Professor Visitante do DAAD/CAPES, CCR/UFSM/Santa Maria/RS Mauro Valdir Schumacher Engenheiro Florestal, Dr. Prof. Adjunto do Departamento de Ci ncias Florestais, CCR/UFSM/Santa Maria/RS Jos Miguel Reichert Engenheiro Agrnomo, PhD. Prof. Titular do Departamento de Solos, CCR/UFSM/Santa Maria/RS

SANTA MARIA 2001

2 INHALT NDICE CONTENT 1) Apresenta o Einf hrung Introduction 2) Dicionrio alemo ingl s portugu s / W rterbuch Deutsch Englisch Portugiesisch / Dictionary German English Portuguese 3) Bibliografia consultada verwendete Literatur used literature

3 Apresenta o Publica es em l nguas estrangeiras so muito importantes para conhecer o estado atual de ensino e pesquisa em n international de uma disciplina. Nesse caso, na comunica o cient vel fica entre pesquisadores, o uso correto de termos tcnicos imprescind vel. A idia do "Dicionrio alemo ingl s portugu s" de auxiliar no uso de termos tcnicos na rea da silvicultura, ecologia florestal, solos e nutri o florestal do curso de Engenharia Florestal da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Para facilitar o uso e a procura de palavras atravs de localiza o automtica por editores de texto de computadores, este dicionrio oferecido como publica o eletrnica no formato RTF. Einfhrung Ver ffentlichungen in Fremdsprachen spielen eine wichtige Rolle, um den aktuellen Stand von Forschung und Lehre auf internationalem Niveau begleiten zu k nnen. Im Hinblick auf den internationalen Austausch von wissenschaftlichen Ergebnissen kommt der korrekten Benutzung von Fachausdr cken eine groe Bedeutung zu. Die Idee des "Deutsch Englisch Portugiesisch rterbuches" ist es, eine Hilfe bei dem W Gebrauch von Begriffen der Fachbereiche Waldbau, Wald kologie, Bodenkunde und Waldernhrung im forstwissenschaftlichen Studiengang der Bundesuniversitt Santa Maria darzustellen. Um dem Benutzer die Vorteile der modernen Informationstechnologie zugnglich zu machen und die Suche nach W rtern zu erleichtern, wurde die Form einer elektronischen Publikation gewhlt. Das W rterbuch wird im Dateiformat RTF ausgeliefert, das von allen gngigen Schreibprogrammen im PC-Bereich problemlos gelesen werden kann. Introduction Publications in foreign languages play an important role on an international level in terms of information exchange of scientific research and teaching. Thus, the correct use of technical terms is of great importance. The objective of the "Dictionary German English Portuguese" is to provide help in using technical expressions in the areas of Silviculture, Forest Ecology, Soils and Forest Nutrition for the students of the Forest Sciences Department of the Federal University of Santa Maria. To facilitate the use of the dictionary and the search for terms an electronic publication form was choosen. The dictionary is offered in the RTF-format that can be easily converted by most of the used word processing programs of personal computers.

Santa Maria, 01.03.2001

Irene Seling

Peter Spathelf

Mauro Valdir Schumacher

Jos Miguel Reichert

W rterbuch / Dictionary / Dicionrio

Deutsch German Alem o

Englisch English Ingl s burning runoff conical abnormal tapering absorption compartment final cut, final cutting agricultural soil actinomyces adhesion adhesion water adsorption adsorption, specific aggregation agroforestry, agrosilviculture alkaly soil aluvial aluvial soil age-height relation age class mature forest shelter of old trees aluminum ammonia ammonification ammonium amorphous anaerobic anion exchange capacity (AEC) anions exchange antagonism antimony apatite aquifer arboricid

Portugiesisch Portuguese Portugu s queimar escoamento, escorrimento cnico conicidade absor o talho corte final solo agr cola actinomiceto adeso gua adsorvida adsor o adsor o espec fica agrega o agrosilvicultura solo alcalino aluvial solo aluvial rela o altura idade classe de idade floresta madura dossel de rvores emergentes alum nio amonia amonifica o amnio amorfo anaerbio capacidade de troca de nions (CTC) troca de nions antagonismo antimnio apatita aqu fero arboricida

A
abbrennen Abfluss abholzig Abholzigkeit Absorption Abteilung Abtrieb Ackerboden Actinomycet Adhsion Adhsionswasser Adsorption Adsorption, spezifische Aggregation Agro-Forstwirtschaft Alkaliboden alluvial Alluvialboden Altersh henbeziehung Altersklasse Altersphase Altholzschirm Aluminium Ammoniak Ammonifikation Ammonium amorph anaerob Anionenaustauschkapazitt Anionenaustausch Antagonismus Antimon Apatit Aquifer Arborizid

5 Ariditt Arsen Art Artendiversitt Ascomycet Assimilation Ast (am Baum) Ast (im Holz) Astansatz Astdurchmesser Astigkeit (Baum) Astigkeit (Holz) Astlnge Astreinigung stung stungsh he Astzahl Atmosphre Atmung Aufbauphase Aufforstung Auflage Augit Ausbleichung Ausgangsgestein Auslesedurchforstung ausscheidender Bestand austauschbare Basen Auswaschung Auszeichnung autochthon autotroph aridity (drought, dryness) arsenic species species diversity ascomycetes assimilation branch (at the tree) knot (in the timber) branch insertion branch diameter branchiness (tree) knottiness branch length self-pruning pruning pruning height branch number atmosphere respiration buildup phase reafforestation, reforestation litter layer augite leaching (decalcification) parent material selective thinning thinned stand exchangeable bases leaching marking of trees autochthonous autotroph aridez, estiagem ars nio espcie diversidade de espcies ascomiceto assimila o ramo (na rvore) n (na madeira) inser o de galho dimetro de galho galhosidade galhosidade comprimento de galho auto-desrama desrama altura de desrama nmero de galhos atmosfera respira o fase de forma o florestamento camada de serapilheira augita lixivia o material de origem desbaste seletivo povoamento desbastado bases trocveis lixivia o marca o de rvores autctono autotrfico empacotado basalto pobre em bases, baixa satura o por bases poder de neutraliza o rico em bases, alta satura o por bases satura o por bases rvore espcie florestal composi o de espcies florestais, mistura de espcies

B
balliert Basalt basenarm baled basalt low in bases, low base saturation Basenneutralisationskapazitt neutralization capacity basenreich rich in bases, high base saturation Basensttigung base saturation Baum tree Baumart tree species Baumartenmischung mixture of tree species

6 florestais, mistura de espcies escolha das espcies florestais altera o das espcies florestais altura da rvore classe de rvore viveiro florestal nmero de rvores desenvolvimento do nmero de rvores distribui o de rvores regula o (condu o) do nmero de rvores bauxita dominado controle cobertura do dossel ilumina o berilio povoamento res duos florestais estrutura do povoamento implanta o do povoamento manipula o do povoamento descri o do povoamento componente do povoamento densidade do povoamento desenvolvimento do povoamento curva de altura do povoamento gotejamento das copas estrutura do povoamento grau de estoqueamento meta de composi o arbrea regime de manejo sistema de manejo classe de aproveitamento meta econmica da empresa pastagem balan o bioacumula o decomposi o biolgica bioma biomassa acima do solo

Baumartenwahl Baumartenwechsel Baumh he Baumklasse Baumschule Baumzahl Baumzahlentwicklung Baumzahlhufigkeitsverteilung Baumzahlregulierung Bauxit beherrscht Bekmpfung Bekronungsgrad Beleuchtung Beryllium Bestand Bestandesabfall Bestandesaufbau Bestandesbegr ndung Bestandesbehandlung Bestandesbeschreibung bestandesbildend Bestandesdichte Bestandesentwicklung Bestandesh henkurve Bestandesniederschlag Bestandesstruktur Bestockungsgrad Bestockungsziel Betriebsart Betriebsform Betriebsklasse Betriebsziel Beweidung Bilanz Bioakkumulation biologische Verwitterung Biom Biomasse oberirdische

choice of tree species change of tree species tree height tree class tree nursery tree number stem number development stem (tree) number distribution stem (tree) number regulation bauxite dominated, suppressed controlling crown covering illumination beryllium stand stand waste stand composition formation of stand stand treatment description of stand forming a stand stand density stand development stand height curve through fall stand structure stocking degree growing stock objective management regime management system management class management goal grazing balance bioaccumulation biological weathering biome biomass above ground

7 unterirdische Biosphre biotische Aktivitt Biotit Biotop Bioturbation Bioz nose Blattanalyse Blattd ngung Blattfall Blattflchenindex Blattproduktion Blattschneiderameisen Blaualgen Blei Boden Bodenabtrag Bodenaggregat Bodenalkalitt Bodenalter Bodenanalyse Bodenart Bodenatmung Bodenaciditt Bodenbakterium Bodenbearbeitung Bodenbehandlung Bodenbildung Bodenerhaltung Bodendegradation Bodendichte Bodeneinheit Bodenerosion Bodenerwrmung Bodenfarbe Bodenfauna Bodenfeuchte Bodenflora Bodenfruchtbarkeit Bodengef ge Bodengenese Bodenhorizont Bodenkarte below ground biosphere biotic activity biotite biotope bioturbation biocenosis leaf analysis leaf fertilization leaf fall leaf area index leaf production leaf cutting ants blue-green algae lead soil soil loss soil aggregate soil alkalinity soil age soil analysis soil type soil respiration soil acidity soil bacterium soil tillage soil treatment soil formation soil conservation soil degradation bulk density soil unit soil erosion soil warming soil color soil fauna soil moisture, water content soil flora soil fertility soil structure soil genesis soil horizon soil map abaixo do solo biosfera atividade bitica biotita bitopo bioturba o biocenose anlise foliar aduba o foliar queda de folhas ndice de rea foliar produ o de folhagem formigas cortadeiras algas azuis chumbo solo perda de solo agregado do solo alcalinidade do solo idade do solo anlise do solo tipo do solo respira o do solo acidez do solo bactria do solo preparo de solo tratamento do solo forma o do solo conserva o do solo degrada o do solo densidade do solo (densidade aparente) unidade de solo eroso do solo aquecimento do solo cor do solo fauna do solo umidade do solo, teor de gua do solo flora do solo fertilidade do solo estrutura do solo g nese do solo horizonte do solo mapa do solo

8 Bodenkartierung Bodenklasse Bodenklassifikation Bodenkolloid Bodenkriechen Bodenkunde Bodenleben Bodenl sung Bodenluft Bodenmineral Bodennutzung Bodenorganismus Bodenpore Bodenprobe Bodenprofil Bodenreaktion Bodenschden Bodenschutz Bodensediment Bodenskelett Bodenstruktur Bodensystematik Bodentemperatur Bodentextur Bodenfauna Bodentyp Bodenuntersuchung Bodenvegetation Bodenverdichtung Bodenversalzung Bodenversauerung Bodenvolumen Bodenvorbereitung Bodenwasser Bodenwasserpotential Bodenzone Bodenzustand Bohrstock, Erdbohrer Bonitt Bonitierung Bor boreale Zone Brandrodung Brandrodungsfeldbau soil mapping soil class soil classification soil colloid earth flow soil science soil life soil solution soil air soil mineral soil utilization soil organism soil pore soil sample soil profile soil reaction soil damages soil protection soil sediment soil skeleton soil structure soil taxonomy soil temperature soil texture soil fauna soil type soil analysis soil vegetation soil compaction soil salinity soil acidification soil volume soil tillage soil water soil water potential soil zone soil status soil corer site class site classification boron boreal zone slash and burn shifting cultivation (swidden agriculture) mapeamento do solo classe do solo classifica o do solo colide do solo deslocamento de massa ci ncia do solo vida do solo solu o do solo ar do solo mineral do solo utiliza o do solo organismo do solo poro de solo amostra do solo perfil de solo rea o do solo danos ao solo prote o do solo sedimento do solo esqueleto do solo estrutura do solo sistema de classifica o do solo temperatura do solo textura do solo fauna do solo tipo de solo anlise do solo vegeta o do solo compacta o do solo saliniza o do solo acidifica o do solo volume do solo preparo do solo gua do solo potencial da gua no solo zona do solo situa o do solo trado de solo ndice de s classe de s tio, tio classifica o do s tio boro zona boreal corte e queima agricultura migratria

9 agriculture) wood fuel butress roots diameter at breast height (DBH) cadmium calcium calcium carbonate carbonat chelate chemical weathering chemical element chloride crome C/N ratio C/P ratio C/S ratio container plants container planting cyanobacter Darcy equation stable organic matter permanent forest degradation deposition desertification desilication deposition curve decomposer deutromycete devastation diagnostic horizon pole stand differentiation dioxin dolomite drainage pressure potential fertilizer fertilization thinning

Brennholz Brettwurzeln Brusth hendurchmesser (BHD)

lenha sapopema dimetro altura do peito (DAP) cdmio clcio carbonato de clcio carbonato quelato intemperismo qu mico elemento qu mico cloreto cromo rela o C/N rela o C/P rela o C/S mudas de container plantio com mudas de container cianobactrias equa o de Darcy matria orgnica estvel floresta permanente degrada o deposi o desertifica o deslisifica o curva de deposi o decompositor deuteromicete devasta o horizonte diagnstico capoeira diferencia o Dioxina dolomita drenagem potencial de presso adubo, fertilizante aduba o, fertiliza o desbaste

C
Cadmium Calcium Calciumcarbonat Carbonat Chelat chemische Verwitterung chemisches Element Chlorid Chrom C/N-Verhltnis C/P-Verhltnis C/S-Verhltnis Containerpflanze Containerpflanzung Cyanobakterien

D
Darcy-Gleichung Dauerhumus Dauerwald Degradation Deposition Desertifikation Desilizifizierung Depositionskurve Destruent Deuteromycet Devastation diagnostischer Horizont Dickung Differenzierung Dioxin Dolomit Drnage Druckpotenzial D ngemittel, D nger D ngung Durchforstung

10 Durchforstungsart Durchforstungsintervall Durchforstungsstrke Durchmesser Durchmesserklasse Durchmesserwachstum Durchmesserzuwachs Durchmischung durchschnittliche Jahrestemperatur durchschnittlicher jhrlicher Zuwachs Durchwurzelung Durchwurzelungsdichte thinning type thinning cycle, cutting cycle thinning ratio diameter diameter class diameter growth diameter increment mixture mean annual temperature mean annual increment rooting root density edaphic effective exchange capacity harrow intervention native tree species single-storied entry, entrance iron iron oxid ice damages ice Age, glacial epoch organic matter (humus) on soil surface ectomycorrhizae difuse double layer electronegativity eluvial soil eluvial horizon emissions final cutting soil humus endomycorrhizae energy flux epiphytes landslide complementary planting recreation function erosion wind tipo de desbaste intervalo de desbaste grau de desbaste dimetro classe de dimetro crescimento em dimetro incremento em dimetro mistura temperatura mdia anual incremento mdio anual enraizamento densidade de enraizamento edfico capacidade de troca efetiva grade interven o espcie florestal nativa uni-estrato entrada ferro xido de ferro danos de geadas poca glacial matria orgnica na superf cie do solo ectomicorriza camada dupla eltrica eletronegatividade solo eluvial horizonte eluvial emisses corte final matria orgnica do solo endomicorriza fluxo de energia ep fitas deslizamento de terra plantio de complementa o fun o recreativa eroso elica

E
edaphisch effektive Austauschkapazitt Egge Eingriff einheimische Baumart einschichtig Eintrag Eisen Eisenoxid Eisschden Eiszeit Ektohumus Ektomykorrhiza elektrische Doppelschicht Elektronegativitt Eluvialboden Eluvialhorizont Emissionen Endnutzung Endohumus Endomykorrhiza Energiefluss Epiphyten Erdrutsch Ergnzungspflanzung Erholungsfunktion Erosion Wind-

11 WasserErosionsgrad Erschlieung Ertragsniveau Ertragstafel eutroph Eutrophierung Evaporation Evapotranspiration Exploitation Exposition Exsudation water degree of erosion access yield level yield table eutrophe eutrophication evaporation evapotranspiration exploitation exposition exsudation h drica grau de eroso acesso n de produ o vel tabela de produ o eutrfico eutrofiza o evapora o evatranspira o explora o exposi o exuda o

F
Fllordnung Fllung Feinboden Feinerschlieung Feinporen Feinwurzeln Feldkapazitt Femelschlag Ferralitisierung Feuer feuchte Tropen Fingerprobe Fixierung Fliessgleichgewicht Fliessgleichgewichtsphase Fluor Forsteinrichtung Forstwirtschaft in Verdichtungs(stadt)gebieten Fossilierung Frse Freistellung fremdlndische Baumart Frost Frosttrocknis Fruktifikation Fulvosure Fungizide Furnierholz felling scheme felling fine soil secondary road system small pores fine roots field capacity irregular shelterwood ferralitization fire humid tropics finger sample fixation steady state steady state phase fluorine forest management urban forestry fossilization rotary hoe liberation exotic tree species frost frost dessication fructification fulvic acid fungicides veneer logs ordem de derrubada derrubada terra fina sistema de acessos secundrios no povoamento poros finos ra finas zes capacidade de campo corte sucessivo em grupos ferraliza o fogo zona tropical mida amostragem com o dedo fixa o estgio de equil brio dinmico phase de equil brio dinmico flor manejo florestal arboriza o urbana, manejo de parques fossiliza o enxada rotativa libera o espcie florestal extica geada secamento pela geada frutifica o cido flvico fungicidas lminas

12

G
Galeriewald Gapon-Gleichung Gattung Gefversuch generative Vermehrung Gesamtaciditt Gesamtvolumen Gesamtwertleistung Gesamtwuchsleistung Gestein Gips Glashauseffekt glazial Globalstrahlung Grabenerosion Granite Granodiorite Gravitationspotential Grobporen Grobwurzeln Grubber Gr nstung Grundflche Gr ndigkeit Grundwasser G teklasse gallery forest Gapon equation genus pot culture vegetative propagation total acidity total volume total value production total volume production, total crop yield rocks gypsum greenhouse effect glacial global radiation gully erosion granite granodiorite gravitation potential large pores thick roots disk, harrow pruning of living branches basal area depth groundwater value class h/d-ratio hoe semi-tolerant tree species semi-desert haematite hand plantation frequency distribution herbicide herbicide application origin dominant fibrous root system maturity period without cutting mata ciliar equa o de Gapon g nero cultivo em vaso propaga o vegetativa acidez total volume total produ o total em valor produ o total rocha gesso efeito estufa glacial radia o global eroso em vo orocas granito granodiorito potencial gravitacional poros grandes ra grossas zes grade de discos, grade de dentes desrama na copa verde rea basal, rea transversal profundidade gua subterrnea classe de valor rela o h/d, grau de esbeltez enxado espcie parcialmente escifila semi-deserto hematita plantio manual distribui o de freq ncia herbicida aplica o de herbicidas origem, proveni ncia dominante sistema radical fasciculado maturidade de corte repouso de corte

H
h/d-Wert, Schlankheitsgrad Hacke Halbschattenbaumart Halbw ste Hmatit Handpflanzung Hufigkeitsverteilung Herbizid Herbizideinsatz Herkunft herrschend Herzwurzel Hiebsreife Hiebsruhe

13 Hochdurchforstung Hochwald H he H henentwicklung H henmesser H henwachstum Hohlspatenpflanzung Holzernte Holzproduktion Holzqualitt Holztransport Holzzerst rung Horizont Horizontalwurzel Hornblende Humifizierung Humifizierungsgrad Huminsure Huminstoffe Humus Humusauflage Humusform Hybrid Hydratation Hydratationswasser hydraulische Leitfhigkeit hydraulisches Potential Hydrologie hydrologischer Kreislauf Hydrolyse hydromopher Boden hydrostatischer Druck Hygrophyten Hydroturbation hygroskopisches Wasser Hygroskopizitt high thinning high forest height height development altimeter height growth plantation with spade wood harvest wood production wood quality wood transport, logging wood decomposition (decay) horizon horizontal root system hornblende humification degree of humification humin acid humine substances humus (soil organic matter) humus layer type of humus hybrid hydratation hydratation water hydraulic conductivity hydraulic potential hydrology hidrology cycle hydrolysis hydromorphic soil hydrostatic pressure hygrophytes hydroturbation hygroscopic water hygroscopicity illite illuvial horizon perennial, evergreen evergreen moist forests pollution pollution damages immobilization desbaste pelo alto alto fuste, floresta alta altura desenvolvimento de altura alt metro crescimento em altura plantio com p especial colheita florestal produ o de madeira qualidade de madeira transporte de madeira apodrecimento de madeira horizonte ra horizontal z Hornblenda humifica o grau de humifica o cido hmico substncias hmicas hmus camada de hmus tipo de hmus h brido hidrata o gua de hidrata o condutividade hidrulica potencial hidrulico hidrologia ciclo hidrolgico hidrlise solo hidromrfico presso hidrosttica (plantas) higrfitas hydroturba o gua higroscpica higroscopicidade ilita horizonte iluvial sempre verde, pereniflia floresta mida sempre verde emisses danos por emisses imobiliza o

I
Illite Illuvialhorizont immergr n immergr ne Feuchtwlder Immissionen Immissionsbelastung Immobilisierung

14 imperfekte Pilze Indikatorpflanze Infiltration Infiltrationsrate Infrarotabsorptionsspektrometrie Insektizid interglazial Interzeption Intrusivgesteine Ionenaktivitt Ionenaustausch isoelektrischer Punkt isomorph Isotop imperfect fungi indicator plant infiltration infiltration rate infrared absorption spectrometry insecticide interglacial interception intrusive rocks ion activity ion exchange isoelectric point isomorphic isotope annual precipitation annual temperature tree ring structure width of annual ring juvenile growth young plant young forest cadmium clear cut potassium chalky soil limestone calcium kaolinite capillarity capillary water carbonate carbonate concretion cation exchange capacity (CEC) cotyledon success of germination germination capacity germe, embryo germination embryo root secondary branch fungos imperfeitos planta indicadora infiltra o taxa de infiltra o espectrometria de absor o infravermelho inseticida interglacial intercep o rochas intrusivas atividade inica troca de ons ponto isoeltrico isomrfico isotopo precipita o anual temperatura anual estrutura dos anis anuais largura do anel anual crescimento juvenil planta jovem floresta jovem cdmio corte raso potssio solo calcrio rocha calcria calcium caolinita capilaridade gua capilar carbonato concre o de carbonato capacidade de troca de ctions (CTC) cotildone sucesso de germina o poder germinativo germe, embrio germina o rad cula galho (ramo) lateral

J
Jahresniederschlag Jahrestemperatur Jahrringbau Jahrringbreite Jugendwachstum Jungpflanze Jungwaldphase

K
Kadmium Kahlhieb Kalium Kalkboden Kalkstein Kalzium Kaolinit Kapillaritt Kapillarwasser Karbonat Karbonatkonkretion Kationenaustauschkapazitt Keimblatt Keimerfolg Keimkraft Keimling, Hypokotyl Keimung Keimwurzel Klebast

15 Klemmspaten Klima Klimadiagramm Klimazonen Klimaxbaumart Klimaxvegetation Klon Koagulation Kobalt Kohsionskrfte Kohlendioxid Kohlensure Kohlenstoff Kohlenstoffhaushalt Kohlenstoffkreislauf Kolloide Komplexierung Kompost Konditionierung Konkretionen Konkurrenz Konkurrenzregelung Konsumenten Kontamination Korngr e Korngr enverteilung Kreisflche Kreisflchenzentralstamm Krone Kronendach Kronenform Kronenschluss Kryoturbation k nstliche Verj ngung Kupfer planting wedge, notching spade climate climatic diagram climatic zones climax tree species climax vegetation clone coagulation cobalt cohesion forces carbon dioxide carbonic acid carbon carbon balance carbon cycle colloid complexation compost conditioning concretions competition competition regulation consumers contamination grain size distribution of grain size basal area tree of mean basal area crown canopy crown form crown density cryoturbation artificial regeneration copper laughing gas point of zero change storage capacity particle density terrestrial soils pala plantadora clima diagrama climtico zonas climticas espcie climax vegeta o climax clone coagula o cobalto for as de coeso dixido de carbono cido carbnico carbono balan o de carbono ciclo do carbono colide complexa o composto acondicionamento concre es concorr ncia regula o da competi o consumidores contamina o tamanho dos gros distribui o do tamanho dos gros rea basal rvore de rea basal mdia copa dossel forma da copa grau de cobertura, grau de fechamento de copas perturba o por congelamento regenera o artificial cobre monxido de di-nitrog nio ponto de carga zero capacidade de armazenamento densidade de particulos solos terrestres

L
Lachgas Ladungsnullpunkt Lagerfhigkeit Lagerungsdichte Landb den

16 Laterit Laubbaum laufender jhrlicher Zuwachs Lebenszone Leguminose Lehm Lessivierung Luterung L-Horizont Lianen Licht Lichtbaumart Lichtbed rfnis Lichtkonkurrenz Lichtung Lichtungszuwachs Lignin Limonit Lithosphre Lochpflanzung Luftfeuchtigkeit Luftkapazitt Luftschadstoffe Luftstickstoffbindung Lufttemperatur Luftvolumen Luftwurzeln luxurierende Vegetation lyotrope Reihe Lysimeter laterite broad-leaf tree, deciduous tree current annual increment life zone leguminosae silt lessivation (translocation of clay) pre-commercial thinning L horizon (litter layer) lianas (climber) light light demanding tree species light demand light competition gap, liberation liberation increment lignin limonite lithosphere hole planting air humidity air capacity air polluting substances air nitrogen fixation air temperature air volume aereal roots luxuriance of vegetation lyotrophic series lysimeter magmatic rock magnesium macrofauna macronutrients macropores manganese unit of measurement operation matrix potential mechanization laterita rvore folhosa incremento corrente anual zona de vida leguminosa silte eluvia o/iluvia o (transloca o de argilas) desbaste pr-comercial horizonte L (liteira) lianas luz espcie helifila necessidade de luz competi o por luz clareira, libera o crescimento aps desbaste pela luminosidade lignina limonita litosfera plantio em cova umidade do ar capacidade de ar substncias poluidores do ar fixa o do nitrog nio do ar temperatura do ar volume de ar ra areas, ra advent zes zes cias vegeta o de luxo srie liotrpica lis metro rocha magmtica magnsio macrofauna macronutrientes macroporos mangan s unidade amostral medida, interven o potencial matricial, potential mtrico mecaniza o

M
Magmatit Magnesium Makrofauna Makronhrelemente Makroporen Mangan Maeinheit Manahme Matrixpotential Mechanisierung

17 Mesofauna Mesophyten Methan mikrobielle Aktivitt Mikrofauna Mikroklima Mikronhrelemente Mikroorganismen Mikroporen Mikrorelief Mineralboden Mineralboden (mineralischer Horizont) Mineralisierung Minerald nger Minimalbodenbearbeitung Minimumgesetz Mischbestand Mischung Mischungsregulierung Mischungsziel Mist mitherrschend Mittelporen Mittelwald Mittendurchmesser Moder Molybdn Montmorillionit Mull Munsell-Farbkarten Muskovit Muttergestein Mycel Mykorrhiza mesofauna mesophytes methane microbial activity microfauna microclimate micronutrients microorganisms micropores microrelief mineral soil mineral horizon mineralization inorganic fertilizer minimum (conservation) tillage law of the minimum mixed stand mixture regulation of mixture mixture goal manure, dung co-dominant median size pores middle forest, coppice with standards mean diameter moder molybdenum montmorillinite mull Munsell soil colour chart muscovite parent material mycelium mycorrhizae replanting sustainability needle coniferous tree needle mass needle production mesofauna (plantas) mesfitas metano atividade microbiana microfauna microclima micronutrientes microorganismos microporos microrelevo solo mineral horizonte mineral mineraliza o adubos minerais cultivo m nimo lei do m nimo povoamento misto mistura regula o da mistura meta da mistura esterco co-dominante poros mdios floresta mdia, talhadia composta dimetro mdio moder molibd nio montmorilonita mull escala de cores de Munsell moscovita material de origem miclio micorriza adensamento, replantio sustentabilidade ac cula con fera massa das ac culas produ o de ac culas

N
Nachbesserung Nachhaltigkeit Nadel Nadelbaum Nadelmasse Nadelproduktion

18 Nadelstreu Nhrelement, Nhrstoff Nhrstoffaufnahme Nhrstoffbilanz Nhrstoffeintrag Nhrstoffentzug Nhrstoffimmobilisierung Nhrstofffixierung Nhrstoffkreislauf Nhrstoffvorrat Nassphase nat rliche Auslese nat rliches Verbreitungsgebiet naturnah Naturschutz Naturverj ngung, nat rliche Verj ngung Natrium Naturd nger nat rliche Astreinigung negative Auslese Nematoden Neutronensonde Nickel Niederdurchforstung Niederschlag Niederwald Nitrat Nitratauswaschung Nitrifikation Nitrit Normalwald needle litter nutrient nutrient uptake nutritional balance nutrient entry, nutrient absorption nutrient removal nutrient immobilization nutrient fixation nutrient cycle nutrient stock wet phase natural selection natural distribution area close-to-nature, seminatural nature protection natural regeneration sodium organic fertilizer natural pruning, self pruning negative selection nematodes neutron probe nickel low thinning precipitation coppice forest, sprout forest nitrate nitrate lixiviation nitrification nitrite normal forest condition of the upper soil horizon surface water dominant height dominant height site index ecosystem ecozone serapilheira de ac culas nutriente absor o de nutrientes balan o nutricional entrada de nutriente remo o de nutriente imobiliza o de nutriente fixa o de nutriente ciclo de nutrientes estoque de nutrientes fase mida sele o natural rea de distribui o natural seminatural prote o da natureza regenera o natural sdio adubo natural desrama natural sele o negativo nematides sonda de neutrons n quel desbaste por baixo precipita o talhadia (simples), floresta baixa nitrato lixivia o de nitrato nitrifica o nitrito floresta normal situa o da camada superior do solo gua superficial altura dominante ndice de s da altura tio dominante ecossistema ecozona

O
Oberbodenzustand Oberflchenwasser Oberh he Oberh henbonitt kosystem kozone

19 oligotroph Olivin opportunistische Arten Optimalphase organischer Boden organischer Horizont organische Substanz organischer D nger osmotisches Potenzial Oxidationshorizont Oxidationspotential Ozon oligotrophe olivine opportunistic species optimum phase organic soil organic horizon organic matter organic fertilizer osmotic potential horizon of oxidation potential of oxidation ozone paleoclimatology pedology penotrometer percolation permanent load permanent wilting point permeability palisade root seedling plant analysis plant association plant density bury, heeling-in plant formation plant-available water plant roots planting material plant machine planting shock planting spacing plow plow grafting graft phenology phosphate phosphorous phosphorous cycle photosynthesis oligotrfico olivina espcies oportunistas fase tima solo orgnico horizonte orgnico matria orgnica adubo orgnico potencial osmtico horizonte de oxida o potencial de oxida o oznio paleoclimatologia pedologia penetrmetro percola o carga permanente ponto de murcha permanente permeabilidade raiz pivotante muda anlise de tecido vegetal associa o vegetal densidade vegetal vala para armazenar mudas forma o vegetal gua dispon para a planta vel ra de plantas zes material para plantio, plantas mquina para plantar, plantadora choque de plantio plantio espa amento arado arar enxertia enxerto fenologia fosfato fsforo ciclo do fsforo fotoss ntese

P
Paloklimatologie Pedologie Penetrometer Perkolation permanente Ladung permanenter Welkepunkt Permeabilitt Pfahlwurzel Pflanze Pflanzenanalyse Pflanzenassoziation Pflanzendichte Pflanzeneinschlag Pflanzenformation pflanzenverf gbares Wasser Pflanzenwurzeln Pflanzgut Pflanzmaschine Pflanzschock Pflanzung Pflanzverband Pflug pfl gen Pfropfung Pfropfreis Phnologie Phosphat Phosphor Phosphorkreislauf Photosynthese

20 Photosynthese-Effizienz ph-Wert Phytomasse Pilz Pilzinfektion Pilzkrankheit Pionierbaumart Plenterdurchforstung Plentergleichgewicht Plenterwald Podsolierung Porenvolumen Porositt positive Auslese Primrproduktion brutto netto Primrmineral Primrwald Produktionsprogramm Profil Profilansprache Provenienz Puffersystem Pyrit Pyroxene photosynthetic efficiency pH value phytomass fungus fungy infection fungy disease pioneer species thinning from above, selection thinning selection (forest) equilibrium selection forest podzolization pore volume porosity positive selection primary production gross net primary mineral primary forest production program profile profile description origin, provenance buffer system pyrite pyroxene quartz mercury, quicksilver whorl rationalization spatial arrangement reduction horizon rain intensity rain forest mature phase line distance pure stand brushwood relief reserve nutrients rhizosphere efici ncia da fotoss ntese valor de pH fitomassa fungo infe o fngica doen a fngica espcie pioneira, colonizadora desbaste jardinado equil brio da floresta jardinada floresta jardinada podzoliza o volume de poros porosidade sele o positiva produ o primria bruto l quido mineral primrio floresta primria programa de produ o perfil descri o de perfil proveni ncia sistema tampo pirita pirox nio quartzo mercrio vertic lio racionaliza o ordenamento espacial horizonte de redu o intensidade de chuva floresta pluvial fase madura distncia entre as linhas povoamento puro galhada relevo reserva de nutrientes rizosfera

Q
Quarz Quecksilber Quirl

R
Rationalisierung rumliche Ordnung Reduktionshorizont Regenintensitt Regenwald Reifephase Reihenabstand Reinbestand Reisig Relief Reservenhrstoffe Rhizosphre

21 Rindenbrand ringeln Rodung Rohhumus Rostflecken Rotkernigkeit R ckelinien R ckeordnung R ckung bark burning (due irradiation or diseases) girdling clearing raw organic material rust red heartwood skidding lines skidding order skidding seeding sawnwood saline soil drilling (sowing) machine seed seed production seedling sand sandy soil saprolite strip cut oxygen oxygen cycle acid rain savanna shape of stem, stem form stem timber stem quality shade tolerant tree shade tolerance shelter suppression by shade shelterwood system shelter forest residuals harvest (felling) sequence cleaning of cutting area degree of slimness loam soil degree of stand closure queima da casca (por insola o ou doen a) anelamento ro ada material orgnico no decomposto ferrugem cerne vermelho linhas de arraste ordem de arraste baldea o semeadura madeira serrada solo salino mquina para semear semente produ o de sementes plntula areia solo arenoso saprolito corte de faixa (ou corte em faixas) oxig nio ciclo do oxig nio chuva cida savanna (cerrado) forma de fuste madeira do fuste qualidade de fuste espcie ombrfila tolerncia sombra cobertura presso do dossel corte sucessivo sombreamento res duos florestais ordenamento de corte limpeza do terreno grau de esbeltez solo grau de fechamento, grau de cobertura

S
Saat Sgeholz Salzboden Smaschine Samen Samenertrag Smling Sand Sandboden Saprolit Saumhieb Sauerstoff Sauerstoffkreislauf saurer Regen Savanne Schaftform Schaftholz Schaftqualitt Schattbaumart Schattentoleranz Schirm Schirmdruck Schirmschlag Schirmstellung Schlagabraum Schlagordnung Schlagrumung Schlankheitsgrad Schluff Schlussgrad

22 Schnee Schneeschden Schutzfunktion Schwachholz Schwefeldioxid Sedimentation Sekundrwald Sekundrminerale Selbstdifferenzierung Selen Senkerwurzel Sesquioxide shifting cultivation Silikate Siliziumverwitterung Smektit Solitr Sonnenscheindauer Sortierung spezifische Oberflche Spross Spuren(nhr)elemente Stabilitt Stamm (geerntet) Stamm (stehend) Stammabfluss Stammabstand Stammbl tigkeit Stammdeformation Stammform Stammlnge Stammquerschnitt Stammzahl Stammzahlregulierung Standortserkundung Standortskarte Standortskartierung Standortsqualitt Standraum Strkeklasse Starkholz snow snow damage protection function thin timber sulfur dioxide sedimentation secondary forest secondary minerals self-differentiation selenium tap root sesquioxides shifting cultivation (slash and burn), swidden agriculture silicates desilication smectite open-grown tree daily sunshine length classification specific surface shoot micronutrients stability trunk (felled) stem (standing) stemflow spacing between stems, distance between stems cauliflory stem deformation stem form stem length stem cross-section stem number regulation of stem number site survey site map site mapping site quality standing space size class heavy timber, thick timber neve danos da neve fun o de prote o madeira fina dixido de enxofre sedimenta o floresta secundria minerais secundrios auto-diferencia o sel nio raiz pivotante sesquixidos agricultura migratria silicatos desilifica o esmectita rvore isolada horas de luz por dia classifica o superf espec cie fica brota o micronutrientes estabilidade tora (coletada) fuste (em p) escoamento pelo tronco distncia entre rvores caulifloria deforma o de fuste forma de fuste comprimento de fuste rea transversal do fuste nmero de rvores, nmero de ps regula o do nmero de fustes prospe o (mapeamento) do s tio mapa de s tio levantamento do s tio qualidade do s tio espa o vital classe de dimenso madeira grossa

23 Steckling Steppe Stichprobe Stickstoff Stickstoffkreislauf Stickstoffeintrag Stockausschlag Strahlung Strauch Streu Streuauflage Streunutzung Stufigkeit Sturm Sturmbruch Sturmschaden Sturmwurf Subtropen Sukzession Sukzessionsphase cutting steppe (prairie) sampling, sample nitrogen nitrogen cycle nitrogen deposition stump sprout radiation bush, shrub litter litter layer litter utilization stratification storm storm break (damage) storm damage wind throw subtropics succession succession phase estaqua estepe amostra, amostragem nitrog nio ciclo do nitrog nio deposi o de nitrog nio brota o radia o arbusto serapilheira camada de serapilheira utiliza o da serapilheira estratifica o tempestade quebra por tempestade danos de tempestade vendaral subtrpicos sucesso fase sucessional

T
Taiga (borealer Nadelwald) Tausendkorngewicht Temperatur Termiten Textur Ton Tonminerale DreischichtZweischichtToposequenz Torf Totasterhalter Totstung Totastverlierer Totholz Transpiration Trauf Trinkwasser Trockenstung taiga (boreal coniferous forest) taiga (floresta de con feras do norte) weight of thousand seeds peso de mil sementes temperature temperatura termites trmitas, cupins texture textura clay argila clay minerals minerais de argila three-layered (2:1) tipo 2:1 two-layered (1:1) tipo 1:1 toposequence toposeq ncia peat turfa dead-branch holding tree rvore que retem galhos mortos (rvore sem desrama natural) pruning of dead branches desrama dos galhos (ramos) mortos dead-branch loosing tree rvore que perde galhos mortos dead wood, course woody madeira morta debris transpiration transpira o border, edge bordadura drinking water gua potvel pruning of dry branches desrama dos galhos (ramos) secos

24 secos peso seco per odo seco (per odo rido) trpicos solos tropicais floresta tropical pluvial (floresta ombrfila densa) tundra horizonte de transi o rvore porta-sementes sombreamento densidade de sombreamento tempo para cicatriza o unidade de quota o ciclagem idade de rota o converso meio ambiente prote o do meio ambiente ervas daninhas combate s ervas daninhas plantio abaixo da cobertura subsolo suprimido vegeta o dominada, subbosque, estrato inferior floresta virgem vandio vegeta o per odo vegetativo repouso de vegeta o propaga o vegetativa povoamento remanescente distribui o compacta o evapora o regenera o fase de regenera o propaga o

Trockengewicht Trockenzeit Tropen tropische B den tropischer Regenwald Tundra

dry weight dry season (dry period, arid period) tropics tropical soils tropical rain forest tundra transition horizon seed tree, large remaining tree for a second rotation period shelter shelter density occlusion time conversion unit turnover rotation conversion environment environmental protection weed weed control planting under cover, underwood silviculture subsoil suppressed second storey, suppressed trees virgin forest vanadium vegetation vegetative period vegetative rest vegetative propagation remaining stand distribution compactation evaporation regeneration regeneration phase propagation

U
bergangshorizont berhlter berschirmung berschirmungsdichte berwallungszeitraum Umrechnungseinheit Umsatz Umtriebszeit Umwandlung Umwelt Umweltschutz Unkraut Unkrautbekmpfung Unterbau Unterboden unterdr ckt Unterstand Urwald

V
Vanadium Vegetation Vegetationsperiode Vegetationsruhe vegetative Vermehrung verbleibender Bestand Verbreitung Verdichtung Verdunstung Verj ngung Verj ngungsphase Vermehrung

25 Vermiculit Versauerung Verschulpflanze Versickerung Verwitterung verwitterbare Silikate Vitalitt Vollumbruch Volumen Vorbestand vorherrschend Vornutzung Vornutzungsprozent Vorratsanreicherung vermiculite acidification transplant stock seeping weathering weatherable silicates vitality complete plowing volume previous stand predominant intermediate cutting vermiculita acidifica o planta repicada infiltra o intemperiza o silicatos intemperizveis vitalidade ara o total volume povoamento anterior predominante aproveitamento intermedirio, corte intermedirio thinning percentage porcentagem de desbaste stocking volume accumulation acumula o de estoque growth growing season forest silviculture silvicultural planning forest soil forest fire agrosilviculture mapping of the social forest functions forest liming forest dieback, dying of the forests forest type forest pasture land shifting cultivation water balance water erosion water deficit water content water-holding capacity (retention capacity) secondary branches drought (water) stress water availability high quality wood crescimento per odo de crescimento floresta silvicultura planejamento silvicultural solo florestal inc ndio florestal agrosilvicultura mapeamento das fun es sociais da floresta calagem em floresta morte de florestas tipo de floresta pastagem na floresta, silvopastoril agricultura migratria balan o h drico eroso h drica dficite h drico teor de gua capacidade de reten o de gua galhos (ramos) laterais (secundrios) estress h drico disponibilidade de gua madeira de qualidade

W
Wachstum Wachstumsperiode Wald Waldbau waldbauliche Planung Waldboden Waldbrand Waldfeldbau Waldfunktionenkartierung Waldkalkung Waldsterben Waldtyp Waldweide Wanderfeldbau Wasserbilanz Wassererosion Wasserdefizit Wassergehalt Wasserhaltekapazitt Wasserreiser Wasserstress Wasserverf gbarkeit Wertholz

26 Wertzuwachs Wiederaufforstung Wild Wildling Winkelpflanzung Wirtschaftsziel Witterung Wuchsdepression Wuchsdynamik Wuchsraum, Standraum Wurzel Wurzelatmung Wurzeldruck Wurzelexsudation Wurzelhaare Wurzelmasse wurzelnackt Wurzel-Spross-Verhltnis Wurzelsystem Wurzelzone W ste W stenbildung value increment reforestation game wild transplant T-planting management goal weather growth depression (decline) growth dynamic space root root respiration root pressure root exsudation root hair root mass root-naked root/shoot ratio root system, roots root zone desert desertification cone cesium fence cellulose certification decomposition degree of decomposition target diameter zinc zonal vegetation zonality future crop tree increment branch secondary stand, intermediate trees intermediate incremento em valor reflorestamento animais selvagens (veado) planta de regenera o natural (para replantar) planta o com enxado especial meta econmica tempo (intempries) depresso (decl nio) de crescimento dinmica do crescimento espa o de crescimento, espa o vital raiz respira o da raiz presso de raiz exuda o de raiz pelos radiculares massa de ra zes ra nua z rela o ra z/broto sistema radical zona de ra zes deserto desertifica o cone csio cerca celulose certifica o decomposi o grau de decomposi o dimetro-objetivo zinco vegeta o zonal zonalidade rvore-futuro, rvore-F incremento galho classe intermediria, estrato intermedirio intermedirio

Z
Zapfen Zsium Zaun Zellulose Zertifizierung Zersetzung Zersetzungsgrad Zieldurchmesser Zink zonale Vegetation Zonalitt Zukunftsbaum, Z-Baum Zuwachs Zweig Zwischenstand zwischenstndig

27

Bibliografia consultada verwendet Literatur used literature

ASSMANN, E. The Principles Of Forest Yield Study. Pergamon Press, New York. 1970. 506 p. BURGER, D. Termos Tcnicos Florestais Brasileiros e Alemes. Faculdade de Florestas UFPr. Curitiba. 1980. 26 p. CLUTTER, J.L., FORTSON, J.C., PIENAAR, L.V., BRISTER, G.H., & BAILEY, R.L. Timber Management: A Quantitative Approach. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 1983. 333 p. EMPRESA BRASILEIRA DE PESQUISA AGROPECURIA (EMBRAPA). Levantamento de reconhecimento dos solos do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Recife. 1973 (Boletim Tcnico, 30). HEYWOOD, V.H., WATSON, R.T. (eds.). Global Biodiversity Assessment. Cambridge University Press. 1995. 1140 p. BURSCHEL, P., HUSS, J. Grundriss des Waldbaus. Parey, Hamburg. 1987. 352 p. KIMMINS, J.P. Forest Ecology. Collier Macmillan Canada, New York. 1987. 531 p. KRAMER, P. J., KOZLOWSKI, T.T. Physiology of Woody Plants. Academic Press, San Diego. 1979. 811 p. LAMPRECHT, H. Silvicultura nos Trpicos. GTZ, Eschborn. 1990. 343 p. NAMBIAR, E.K.S., BROWN, A.G. (Eds.). Management of Soil, Water and Nutrients in Tropical Plantation Forests. Australian Center for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), Monograph No. 43, Canberra. 1997. 571 p. OTTO, H.-J. Wald kologie. Ulmer: Stuttgart. 1994. 391 p. POGGIANI, F. Ciclagem de nutrientes em ecossistemas de planta es florestais de Eucalyptus e Pinus. Implica es silviculturais. Tese de livre-doc ncia, ESALQ-USP. 1985. 211 p. SCHEFFER, F., SCHACHTSCHABEL, P. Lehrbuch der Bodenkunde 14. Auflage. Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart. 1998. 494 p. TEDESCO, M.J., VOLKWEISS, S.J. BOHNEN, H. Anlise de solos, plantas e outros materiais. Porto Alegre: UFRG, Departamento de Solos/Faculdade de Agronomia, 1985. 188 p. (Boletim Tcnico, 5). WARING, R.H., SCHLESINGER, W.H. Forest ecosystem, concepts and management, Orlando, Academic Press, 1985. 340 p. WECK, J. W rterbuch der Forstwirtschaft. BLV, M nchen. 1966. 573 p.