ActiveRecord cheat sheet / EXAMPLES INSTALL ======= $ gem install activerecord in GEMFILE: gem activerecord REQUIRE ======= require

active_record HOW TO USE ESTABLISH A DATABASE CONNECTION ======= ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection( :adapter => 'sqlite3', :database => 'database_path') CREATE TABLE IN DATABASE ======= ActiveRecord::Base.connection.execute <<-SQL CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS students ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, first_name VARCHAR NOT NULL, last_name VARCHAR NOT NULL, ); SQL RELATIONSHIPS ======= one-to-one: class Customer < ActiveRecord::Base has_one :detail end class Detail < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :customer

end ## to include automatic building of detail when instantiate a customer, add this to customer class: has_one :detail after_initialize do self.build_detail end ## to automatically destroy detail record when destroy customer record: has_one :detail, :dependent => :destroy ## to hide child object, add the following to parent class: delegate :birthday, :gender, :city, :to => :detail OR delegate *Detail::ATTR_METHODS, :to => :detail ## (must include ATTR_METHODS = [:birthday, :birthday=, :gender, :gender=, :city, :city=] in detail class to use 2nd option] one-to-many class Parent < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :children end class Child < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :parent end ## to destroy chid objects when parent in destroyed, add the following to the parent class: has_many :children, :dependent => :destroy

many-to-many class Magazine < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :subscriptions has_many :customers, :through => :subscriptions end class Customer < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :subscriptions has_many :magazines, :through => :subscriptions end ## this makes it easy to find a customers magazines: @customer = customer.find(17) @customer.magazines ## it also makes it easy to find a customers subscriptions: @customer.subscriptions CREATING RECORDS: ===================== Single/Parent: myStudent1 = Student.new(:first_name => 'Ann', :last_name => 'Smith', :birthday => '1986-08-11') myStudent1.save

Child: (myStudent1.classes.new(:name => Geometry)).save

##note alternative method for saving and pluralized classes##

QUERIES ===================== Find one by id: Customer.find(17) ## finds customer with an id of 17 Find related records by id: Customer.find(17).detail.birthday ## finds birthday field for the customer with id = 17. Birthday field is contained in Details table. Find by label: Can do: - Person.where(:user_name => user_name).first - Person.where(:last_name => last_name).all - Person.where(:user_name => user_name, :password => password).first Better: - Person.find_by_user_name(user_name) - Person.find_all_by_last_name(last_name) - Person.find_by_user_name_and_password(user_name, password) List all: Contact.all.each do |contact|

puts contact.first_name end ## puts of first name for each contact in Contacts table Conditional: Student.where(:gender => 'male') ## finds students with the value male in the gender column LIKE: Contact.where("first_name LIKE 'A%'") OR Contact.where(first_name LIKE ?', A%") ## both examples above find contacts where first_name column begins with A. Some people prefer second for stylistic reasons ## Using LIKE to find values in the middle of a string: Student.where("birthday LIKE '%-07-%'").each do |student| puts student.first_name + " has a birthday in July" end ## prints the first name of all students with birthdays in July Count: Client.count ## prints count of number of records in Client table Client.where(:first_name => 'Ryan').count

## prints the the count of clients where first_name is Ryan

Unique: Client.select(:name).uniq ## only grabs a single record per unique value in the :name field ## A more complicated example using .uniq: contacts = Address.where(:state => 'CA').includes(:contact).collect do |address| address.contact end contacts.uniq.each do |contact| puts contact end ## finds each address in CA and then prints out each contact with an address in CA only once ## Another way doing this (via http://whatcodecraves.com/articles/2009/04/08/adventureswith-active-record-find): Fruit.all(:select => "DISTINCT fruits.*", ...)