Humboldt-Universitt zu Berlin

15th June 2009

Urban Sprawl and land use change Case study Pereira, Colombia
Presentation of study project Nora Koim Student of M.Sc. Integrated Natural Resource Management

Content
Introduction Urban sprawl & case of Pereira
Study objective

Material and methods Study area Assessing land change Quantitative description of forest fragmentation Results Land use distribution and change Discussion Patterns of urban growth Methodological issues
Fragmentation metrics

2002 forest fragmentation Outlook: sustainable development?

Conclusion, questions and discussion

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The growth of cities will be the single largest influence on development in the 21st century.

United Nations Population Fund, State of the Population Report 1996

Urban sprawl and land use change Case study Pereira, Colombia

Introduction

Urbanization and impacts Urban sprawl: complex pattern of land use, transportation, and social and economic development (FRUMKIN 2002) Case of Pereira: uncontrolled urban growth comes along with rise in economic power and strategic importance Expansion of urban areas pressures on surrounding lands Need for improved land management lack of information Role of remote sensing and geographic information systems
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Study objective

Analyze land use changes in time and space Compare two Landsat satellite images from different dates Contribute to a scientific basis for a more sustainable land use management

Urban sprawl and land use change Case study Pereira, Colombia

Material and methods

Urban sprawl and land use change Case study Pereira, Colombia

Study area

La Virginia Pereira Pereira Cartago

Bogot

Urban sprawl and land use change Case study Pereira, Colombia

Assessing land change

Two Landsat ETM+ satellite images 7th August 1989 and 14th October 2002

MultiSpec software Supervised classification Comparison of land cover maps

Urban sprawl and land use change Case study Pereira, Colombia

Material and methods

Accuracy assessment Preliminary land use map 1989

Landsat image 1989

Landsat image 2002

Selection of training areas

Accuracy assessment Preliminary land use map 2002

Supervised classification

Supervised classification

Land use map 1989

Land use map 2002

Comparison of land use between 1989 and 2002

Urban sprawl and land use change Case study Pereira, Colombia

Quantitative description of forest fragmentation

ArcView 3.2 and 9.1 software Generating map of forest cover 2002 Fragstats 3.3 software Calculation of fragmentation metrics

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Results

Urban sprawl and land use change Case study Pereira, Colombia

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1989

2002

Results
La Virginia La Virginia

forest bamboo agriculture water urban area undefined

Pereira

Pereira

Cartago

Cartago

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Land use distribution and change

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Land use distribution and change

+ 30%

Land use change in % relative to 1989 acreages

+ 15.2% + 5.2% - 0.2% -17.4%

Forest

Bamboo

Agriculture Land use classes

Water

Urban area

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1989

2002

Results
La Virginia La Virginia

forest bamboo agriculture water urban area undefined

Pereira

Pereira

Cartago

Cartago

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Results

1989

2002

La Virginia

La Virginia

2 km

2 km

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Results

1989

2002

Cartago
0 1 2 km 0 1 2 km

Cartago

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1989

2002

Results
forest bamboo agriculture water urban area undefined

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2002 Results

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Fragmentation metrics

Total forest area: Mean patch area: Patch area range: Median patch area: Mean shape index: Mean interpatch distance: Mean core area: Median core area:

1,868 ha; 128 patches 16.12 ha 32.55 1.08 ha - 207.9 ha 4.73 ha 2.33 1.23 185.3 m 192.4 6.54 ha 17.58 0.32 ha
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Discussion

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Patterns of urban growth

No major change in land use on large scale

SCHNEIDER & PONTIUS (2001), BATISAN & YARNAL (2009)

Urban areas and forest are land use classes with greatest change (positive and negative) Growth near urban centers and infrastructure
MENON (2004), KORANTENG (2007), KUCUKMEHMETOGLU & GEYMEN (2009)

Elevated economic power of land owners Shift from agriculture to construction of residential areas
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2002 Results

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Dimension of 2002 forest fragmentation

High degree of fragmentation Current fragmentation pattern pronounced for many decades Formerly agriculture, now urban use (residential areas) and bamboo (important natural resource) main drivers of land change Maintaining forests of least economic value for land owners Very few undisturbed habitat (interior forest)

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Methodological issues

Time period of study Availability of remote sensing data Resolution of satellite image (30 x 30 m); cloud coverage Error in classification: Maps are representations of reality and there is always error inherent in a map. What the analyst strives to do is reduce that error as much as possible. (STEININGER et al. 2006)

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Outlook: Chance for sustainable development?

MCGRANAHAN & SATTERTHWAITE (2003):

importance of partnerships between local governments, community initiatives, and private sector enterprises

Willingness of governmental authority in cooperation with land owners Conflicting interests within governmental authority Forest expansion, connection, use for recreational purposes Legal stimulation (tax reduction) Participation Raising awareness
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Conclusion

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Conclusion

Detecting tendencies in Pereiras growth pattern Urban sprawl around infrastructure and small towns In rural areas specifically investments in upper and middle class housing areas Highly fragmented forest cover with numerous small-sized patches and few large patches of irregular shape High importance for healthy development of Pereira Cooperation and participation

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Thank you for your attention !

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Sources
BATISANI, N. & YARNAL, B. (2009): Urban expansion in Centre County, Pennsylvania: spatial dynamics and landscape transformations. Applied Geography 29, 235249. FRUMKIN, H. (2002): Urban sprawl and public health. Association of Schools of Public Health, Public Health Reports, Vol. 117, 201-217. KORANTENG, A. (2007): The study of the land use/cover of Kumasi and its environs using Landsat images. Master thesis in the study programme M.Sc. Forest Information Technology, Fachhochschule Eberswalde, Germany, 70 p. KUCUKMEHMETOGLU, M. & GEYMEN, A. (2009): Urban sprawl factors in the surface water resource basins of Istanbul. Land Use Policy 26, 569579. MCGRANAHAN, G., SATTERTHWAITE, D. (2003): Urban centres: an assessment of sustainability. Annual Review of Environmental Resources 28, 243274. MENON, N. (2004): Urban sprawl: a developing country approach. [e-journal] The World Student Community for Sustainable Development, browsed 7 March 2009. SCHNEIDER, L.C. & PONTIUS, R.G. (2001): Modeling land-use change in the Ipswich watershed, Massachusetts, USA. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 85, 83-94. STEININGER, M., EPTING, J., HARPER, G. (2006): Forest cover mapping and change detection using moderate-resolution satellite imagery (Landsat, ASTER and MODIS). Center for Applied Biodiversity Science, Conservation International, 87 p. All tables, figures and photos in this presentation generated by Nora Koim Urban sprawl and land use change Case study Pereira, Colombia

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