Unit 5: Exploration and Empire

Terms:

Caravel Ships that were usually small and light, used by

Spanish and Portuguese for exploration

“God, glory and gold” the motives behind exploration, though not
necessarily prioritized in this order. These
motives were made possible to achieve because
expansion was gov. enterprise and there was
more technology and knowledge

Gold Coast a source of gold along southern coast in West

Africa discovered by the Portuguese, used
primarily to get slaves

Astrolabe navigational device with a system of longitude

and latitude

Treaty of Tordesillas Divided the new world into Spanish and

Portuguese territory; if exploration was done “in
the name of God”, then two Catholic countries
shouldn’t fight each other, solved by the Pope –
Spanish got more land

Encomienda granted by Queen Isabella(official royal

permission); the right of settlers in the new
world to use natives as laborers- natives were
worked as slaves but protected religiously as to
still incorporate Catholicism (don’t abuse to
point of death)

Conquistadors Spanish conquerors; greedy and wanted glory;

used firearms, organizational skills and
determinations to succeed

Dutch East India Company controlled Indonesia, emphasis on spice trade;

first company with shares- joint stocks limited
loses and gains

Congo African country (children were raised by

mothers until age 6) – boys and girls then
divided and trained to fulfill their adult roles in
society
 Unit 5: Exploration and Empire

Afonso I tried to prevent his people from taken into

slavery- ignored, even though he was a
Christian

Triangular trade trading routes between Europe, Africa, North

America and Caribbean

Middle Passage the trip taken across the Atlantic with slaves

Plantation large land estates where slaves worked

Cash crop a crop that is to be sold- not primarily used by

the owner; ex. Cotton, sugar cane, tobacco