A NEW ARABIC GRAMMAR OF THE WRITTEN LANGUAGE By J, A. HAYWOOD and HM, NAHMAD LUND HUMPHRIES LONDONcorraicHt © 1965 BY LUND HUMPHRIES, LONDON Published by Lund Humphries Publishers Lid 26 Litchfield Street London WC2 First edition 1962 Second edivion 1965 Reprinted 1970, 1976, 1979 ‘This Grammar replaces the ‘Sixth Réition of Thatcher's Arabic Grammar ‘publiched under licence from Messrs. Yulus Groos, Heidelberg Printed in Great Biain by ‘Lewis Repeats Limited Member ofthe Brown, Knight & Truscott Group Tandon and Tonbridge TABLE OF CONTENTS a ps 25 ‘The Arabic Language. Orthography. Phon« Punctuation. ‘The Article, The Simple Nominal Sentence Gender. The Feminine Declension of Nouns. ‘The Three Cases. Number. ‘The Sound Masculine and Feminine Plurals. Some Simple Verb Forms ‘The Broken Plural ‘The Broken Plural (continued) ‘The Genitive CTdafa) ‘Phe Attached Pronouns Demonstrative Pronouns Adjectives The Verb "The Verb with Pronominal obs. “The Verb “to be” able fy ‘The Imperfect | “Moods of the Imperfect. The subjunctive Moods of the Imperfect. The Jusive ‘The Imperative i ‘The Passive Verb Derived Forms of the Triliteral Verb. General Introduction. Derived Forms of the ‘Tiliteral Verb, 11, 11, and IV ’ 4 Forms V and VI Forms VIT and VII. Forme IX, X and XI Irregular Verbs. ‘The Doubled Verb Hamzated Verbs. Hamza as Tnitial Radical 103 110 127 134 12 151 159 169 178 183, wn 1926" Hamza as Middle and Final Radical 27 Weak Verbs. The Assimilated Verb 28. The Hollow Verb : 29. The Verb with Weak Final Radical | 30. ‘The Doubly and Trebly Weak Verb 31 ‘The Quadriliteral Verb 32. Various Unorthodox Verbs 28, Hoy so Use an Arabic Dictionary 34 Relative Sentences 35 Conditional Sentences. e 36 The Cardinal Numbers. Time, Dates || 37. The Ordinal Numbers. Fractions 38 The Structure of Arabic Noun Forma. 39 Noun Forms. The Noun of Place and Time, The Noun of Instrument. The Diminutive 40 The Relative Noun and Adjective. Various Adjectival Forms . 41 Abstract Nouns, Proper Nam« 42 The Feminine. AF acon 43° Number. [UBT aeitinas) 44 Declension of Nouns 45. The Use of the Cases 46 The Permutative 47 Particles, Prepositions 48. Advecbial Usage, including miscellaneous uasi-adverbial partiles 49 Particles. Conjunetions—- 50. Particles. Interjections. 5 ss S1_ Exception oul Yo eal 52. The Rules of Arabic Versfication ‘Supplement, (Specimens from Arabic Literature) Appendie A: Colloquial Arabic Dialects. 0. B: Guide to Further Study C: Supplementary Grammatical Notes Vocabulary, Arsbic-English 5 = 6 Grammatical Index. 348 365 372 384 391 405 412 426 436 455 462 496 305 Sta siz PREFACE TO SECOND EDITION “The authors are taking advantage of a second edition to incor- porate certain amendments, improvements and additions. Care hhas been taken, however, to include them in such a way that first and second editions can be used side by side. For this reason the more important additions have been printed as a separate Appendix C. Ie should be stressed that the exercises for translation, which form such an important part of the frammar, are unchanged, except for the correction of a few terrors which inevitably erept into the text. ‘In the Preface to the firet edition the authors pointed out that {in a major undertaking of this kind they would be more than Jhuman if no errors crept in, and they invited suggestions for any future reprints. The authors would like to thank all those who Ihave suggested amendments whether in correspondence, con- ‘ersation oF in learned reviews, ‘Whils, as was stressed when the first edition was published, this granimar ie intended a a teaching grammar and not as a reference grammar or a ‘teach-yourself’ work, a key® has been prepared and published separately for the benefit of those Students who are using the grammar to learn Arabic without a teacher. This key is suitable for use with either edition of the igrammac, The treatment of certain grammatical points in an ‘order hich could not be justied logically in a reference fgrammar is intended to facilitate the use of the grammar in ‘stociation with courses under qualified teachers of Arabi “The authors again have to thank the publishers for their co- ‘operation and understanding. It is sad to have to mention the passing of Dr B. Schindler, « distinguished scholar and a fine ‘man, who did so much to shepherd the first edition through the rest. "The authors hope that in its modified form this grammar will prove « boon to many students and that it will contribute to the ‘main cause they have in mind, the stimulation of an under- standing of and love for Arabie culture. JA. Haywood and H. M. Nahmad, Key to a New Arabic Grammar ofthe Writen Laneuage, Lund Humphries, 1964