APPENDIX 32

AGGLUTINATION OF HUMAN ERYTHROCYTES BY LECTINS IN FOOD AND MEDICINAL PLANTS

(DATA GATHERED BY DR ASSUMPTA SHARON, DR N SATHYANANDA, DR R SHUBHARANI AND MS SHARU RAJ)
Abbreviations and Symbols used

PBS

= 0.02 M Phosphate bufferred saline (pH 7.2)

+ nt

= Haemagglutination present = Haemagglutination absent = Not tested

PVP = Polyvinylpyrrollidone (10%) A,B,AB,O = Human blood groups

lysis = Extracts lysed erythrocytes due to the presence of saponins Blb: bulb; C: corolla; Crm: corm; Ext: extract; Fl: flower; Flb: flower bud; Fplp: fruit pulp; Ft: fruit; Gm: gum; K: calyx; Ker: kernel; Lf: leaf; Lx: latex; Nt: nut; Pet: petiole; Pt: whole plant; Rd: fruit rind; Rt: root; Rtb: root bark; Rtrsn: root resin; Rz: rhizome; Sd: seed; Sdc: seed coat; St: stem; Stb: stem bark; Stg: stigma; Stmn: stamen; Stplp: stem pulp; Strd: stem rind; Sty: style; Tbr: tuber; Ugrst: underground stem; Urft: unripe fruit; Wd: wood.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________

Species

Plant Parts Used

PBS Room Temp. -------A B AB O

PVP Room Temp. A B AB O

_____________________________________________________________________________________ ACANTHACEAE Adhatoda zeylanica St Lf Andrographis paniculata Barleria cristata Barleria prionitis Pt Lf Rt Sd Lf Justicia betonica ALANGIACEAE Alangium salviifolium ALLIACEAE Allium cepa Blb lysis nt Lf + + + + + + + + + + + + -

- lysis -

Lf

nt

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Species Plant Parts Used PBS Room Temp. -------PVP Room Temp.

A B AB O A B AB O _____________________________________________________________________________________ Sd Allium sativum Clove nt -

l y s i s / -ve

AMARANTHACEAE Achyranthes aspera Lf Amaranthus blitum Sd oleracea Amaranthus caudatus Lf Amaranthus dubius Lf Sd Lf Sd Amaranthus spinosus St Lf lysis ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ +++ +++ +++ +++ -nt ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ +++ +++ +++ +++ var.

+++ +++ +++ +++ -

+++ +++ +++ +++ -

Amaranthus tricolor Lf St AMARYLLIDACEAE Zephyranthes ajax ANACARDIACEAE Anacardium occidentale Lf Stb Fl Sdc Ker Buchanania axillaris Stb Rd Ker Lannea coromandelica Stb Mangifera indica Stb Lf Rd Sd

nt

++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ + + + + + + + + + -

++ ++ + + + ++ +

++ ++ + + ++ +

++ ++ + + ++ +

++ ++ + + ++ +

++ ++ + + ++ +

++ ++ ++ + + +

- +++ +++ +++ +++

+++ +++ +++ +++

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Species Plant Parts Used PBS Room Temp. -------PVP Room Temp.

A B AB O A B AB O _____________________________________________________________________________________ Ker Semecarpus anacardium Stb ANNONACEAE Annona squamosa APIACEAE Anethum graveolens Lf Ft Apium graveolens St Ft + + nt + + + + + + + + + + + + + + ++ ++ ++ + + + ++ + + + + +

Sd Fplp

Centella asiatica Lf Coriandrum sativum Lf Ft Cuminum cyminum Daucus carota Eryngium feotidum Ft Sd Rt Lf

Ferula asafoetida Rtrsn Foeniculum vulgare Ft Hydrocotyle javanica Pimpinella anisum Trachyspermum ammi APOCYNACEAE Alstonia macrophylla Lf Sd Alstonia scholaris Stb Holarrhena antidysenterica Stb Lf Ft Nerium indicum Plumeria rubra Rauvolfia tetraphylla Sd Lf Lx Sd Pet Lf Ft Ft Sd

lysis + + + + nt nt ++ + nt + ++ + + ++ + + ++ + + -

- ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ +++ +++ +++ +++ ++ ++ ++ ++ -

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

Species

Plant Parts Used

PBS Room Temp. --------

PVP Room Temp.

A B AB O A B AB O _____________________________________________________________________________________ ARACEAE Acorus calamus Rz + + + + + ++ + + + +

Amorphophalus campanulatus Crm Colocasia esculenta Tbr ARECACEAE Areca catechu Cocos nucifera Nt Rt Rtb Stb Lf male Fl green exocarp tender exocarp Fibre Shell Ker Dried Ker Endosperm Embryo Corypha umbraculifera Urf Phoenix dactylifera Ft(dry) Sd ARISTOLOCHIACEAE Apama siliquosa Aristolochia indica Lf Rt Lf Sd ASCLEPIADACEAE Asclepias curassavica Rt Lf

- ++ +

++ ++ ++ ++ +++ +++ +++ +++ ++ ++ ++ - ++ -

++ ++ + -

++ ++ + -

++ ++ + -

++ ++ + -

+ + + + +++ +++ +++ +++ + + + + + + + + + + -

++++ nt nt nt -

+++ ++ -

l y s i s - + + + + + + -

Calotropis gigantea Rt Rtb Lx

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Species Plant Parts Used PBS Room Temp. -------PVP Room Temp.

A B AB O A B AB O _____________________________________________________________________________________ Gymnema sylvestre Tylophora indica Lf Rt lysis - - +++ ++ ++ +++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ + ++ ++

Lf Wattakaka volubilis Stm Lf ASTERACEAE Carthamus tinctorius Cichorium endivia Eclipta alba Elephantopus scaber (B grp.preferential) Guizotia abyssinica Lactuca sativa Ft Rt Pt Rt Lf Ft Sd Lf

nt +++ ++ ++ ++ nt + nt nt

lysis lysis + +++ + + + + + + + +

+++ + nt + nt nt + -

+ -

Saussurea lappa Lf Spilanthes oleracea Lf Spilanthes paniculata Solidago virga-aurea Tridax procumbens AVERRHOACEAE Averrhoa bilimbi BALANITACEAE Balanites aegyptica Ft Sd Stb Lf Fl Rd Fplp Rt Lf Lf Lf Fl

lysis lysis -

lysis

nt

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Species Plant Parts Used PBS Room Temp. -------A B AB O PVP Room Temp. A B AB O

_____________________________________________________________________________________ BASELLACEAE Basella alba Lf St Fplp Sd BERBERIDACEAE Berberis aristata Rt BIGNONIACEAE Kigelia africana Stb Lf Sd Lf Stb Spathodea campanulata Stereospermum personatum Stereospermum suaveolens BIXACEAE Bixa orellana Sd + + + + + + + + Stb Sd Lf Stb Lf + + + + + ++ + ++ + ++ + ++ + + + + + + + + + + + +

Oroxylum indicum

BORAGINACEAE Heliotropium indicum Lf Trichodesmaindicum BRASSICACEAE Brassica nigra Brassica oleracea var. capitata Brassica oleracea var. gangylodes Coronopus didymus Raphanus sativus Ft Rt

Sd Head Sd St Ft Rt Lf

nt nt -

- lysis -

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

Species

Plant Parts Used

PBS Room Temp. --------

PVP Room Temp.

A B AB O A B AB O _____________________________________________________________________________________ BROMELIACEAE Ananas comosus Rnd + + + + ++ + ++ + + + + + ++ ++ + + + + + ++ + + nt + + ++ ++ + + + + + + + + + ++ -

Fplp CAESALPINIACEAE Amherstia nobilis Bauhinia galpinii Bauhinia purpurea Bauhinia racemosa Sd Sd Stb Sd Stb Lf Pod Sd Bauhinia tomentosa Sd Brownea grandiceps Sd Caesalpinia bonducella Sd Cassia absus Sd Cassia alata Cassia angustifolia Cassia auriculata Cassia biflora Cassia carnavel Cassia fistula Sd Pod Sd Sd Rt Sd Sd Stb Lf Sd Cassia grandis Cassia hirsuta Cassia italica Cassia javanica Cassia mimosoides Cassia occidentalis Cassia obtusa Cassia renigera Cassia roxburghii Sd Sd Sd Sd Sd St Sd Lf Sd Sd

++ ++ ++ - + + + ++ ++ ++ + + + + + + -

lysis - -

- lysis + + + -

/ -ve + nt + -

- lysis + + + -

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Species Plant Parts Used PBS Room Temp. -------PVP Room Temp.

A B AB O A B AB O _____________________________________________________________________________________ Cassia sericea Cassia sophera Cassia siamea Cassia spectabilis Colvillea racemosa Cassia tora Sd Sd Sd Sd Sd Rt Lf Fl Delonix regia Peltophorum pterocarpum Saraca asoca Sd Sd Sd Stb Lf Fl Sd Tamarindus indica Lf Ft Stb CANNABINACEAE Cannabis sativa CAMELLIACEAE Camellia sinensis Prolf Yg. Lf Mat. Lf CAPPARACEAE Capparis zeylanica St Lf + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Lf + + + + + + + + ++ + +++ + + + + + + + + -

CAPRIFOLIACEAE Lonicierale chenaultii CARICACEAE Carica papaya Lf Fl Fplp Sd lysis lysis + + + + + nt nt + + + -

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Species Plant Parts Used PBS Room Temp. -------PVP Room Temp.

A B AB O A B AB O _____________________________________________________________________________________ CASUARINACEAE Casuarina equisetifolia Stb CHENOPODIACEAE Beta vulgaris Chenopodiumalbum Spinacea oleracea CLUSIACEAE Calophyllum inophyllum Garcinia morella Mesua ferrea Ker Ft Flb + + + + + + + + ++ ++ + ++ ++ + ++ ++ + ++ ++ + Lf Sd Lf Sd + + + + + + + + -

COMBRETACEAE Anogeissus latifolia Bark Calycopteris floribunda Lf Terminalia alata Stb Terminalia arjuna Lf Rtb Stb Lf Ft Terminalia bellirica Stb Terminalia catappa Terminalia chebula Lf Fplp Ker Stb Ft Sd CONVOLVULACEAE Ipomoea batatas Tbr Ipomoea sepiaria Ipomoea tridentata Ipomoea triloba COSTACEAE Costus speciosus Sd Lf Sd

+ ++ ++ + + + ++ ++ -

++ + + + ++ ++

nt ++ + + + ++ ++ nt nt -

++ + + + ++ ++

++ + + + ++ ++

+ + + ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ + + + + + + + + + -

- ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ - -

lysis - +++ -

Sd

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Species Plant Parts Used PBS Room Temp. -------PVP Room Temp.

A B AB O A B AB O _____________________________________________________________________________________ CUCURBITACEAE Benincasa hispida Fr Citrullus vulgaris var. fistulosus Coccinia cordifolia Cucumis sativus Sd Fr Sd Rd Fplp Fr Rd Sd Cucurbita maxima Sd Lagenaria siceraria Fplp Rd Sd Luffa acutangula Ft Sd ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ nt ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ -

- ++ ++ ++

- +++ +++ +++ +++ ++ ++ ++ - ++ -

- l y s i s / -ve - +++ +++ +++ +++ lysis - +++ +++ +++ +++ ++ + ++ lysis +++

Luffa cylindrica Sd Momordica charantia Sd var. Arka Harit Momordica charantia Lf Fplp Sd Momordica dioica Sd Momordica tuberosa Rd Fplp Sdc Ker Mukia maderaspatana Ft Sechium edule Lf Fr Sd

+++ +++ +++ +++ nt + + + + +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ + nt nt nt ++ ++++

++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ + + + + lysis - -

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Species Plant Parts Used PBS Room Temp. -------PVP Room Temp.

A B AB O A B AB O _____________________________________________________________________________________ Trichosanthes anguina

Lf Fplp Sd Pt

+ + + + +++ +++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ -

nt +++ +++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ -

CUSCUTACEAE Cuscuta reflexa CYPERACEAE Cyperus rotundus

Rz

DIOSCOREACEAE Dioscorea oppositifolia Lf DIPTEROCARPACEAE Hopea wightiana Ft Vateria indica Ft EBENACEAE Diospyros melanoxylon

nt

++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

+++ ++

++

nt ++

++

++

Lf

++ ++ ++

++

nt

ELAEOCARPACEAE Muntingia calabura Ft ERYTHROXYLACEAE Erythroxylum monogynum Ft EUPHORBIACEAE Acalypha indica Rt Lf Fl Ft Stb Croton tiglium Sd Lf Emblica officinalis Stb Lf Fplp Sd

+++ +++ +++ +++

nt

+++ +++ +++ +++

nt

- - - - - - - + + + ++ ++ ++ +++ +++ +++ + + +

+ ++ +++ +

++ + ++ +++ +

++ + ++ +++ +

++ + ++ +++ +

++ + ++ +++ +

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Species Plant Parts Used PBS Room Temp. -------PVP Room Temp.

A B AB O A B AB O _____________________________________________________________________________________ Euphorbia hirta Rt Stm Lf Fl Euphorbia tirucalli Glochidion zeylanicum Jatropha curcas Lx Ft Sd Stm Lf Ft Jatropha glandulifera Jatropha gossypifolia St Rt St lysis + + + + + + + nt + nt nt nt + + + ++ + + ++ ++ ++ nt nt nt ++ ++

++ ++ ++

+++ +++ +++ +++ + + ++ ++ l y s i s / -ve - -

Lf Kirganelia reticulata Lf Ft Mallotus philippinensis Manihot esculenta Pedilanthus tethymaloides Phyllanthus fraternus Phyllanthus maderaspatensis Ft Tbr Rt Pt Rt Lf Ft Ricinus communis Sd Sauropus androgynus Lf FABACEAE Alysicarpus monilifer Sd

lysis/+ - + + + + + +

+ + + ++

+ + + ++

+ + + ++

+ + + + +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ - -

+++ +++ +++ +++ nt

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Species Plant Parts Used PBS Room Temp. -------PVP Room Temp.

A B AB O A B AB O _____________________________________________________________________________________ Alysicarpus rugosus Sd var. heyneanus Alysicarpus vaginalis Arachis hypogaea Butea monosperma Sd Shell Sd Stb Gm Lf Cajanus cajan Canavalia ensiformis Castanospermum australe Cicer arietinum Clitoria ternatea Crotalaria berteroana Crotalaria bifaria Sd Sd Sd Sd Sd Sd Sd Sd ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ -

++ ++ ++ - -

++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ - + + + + ++ ++ + + + + + + ++ + + ++ -

++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ + + nt + + nt + ++ + +

+ + ++ + ++ lysis

+ + + ++

+ ++ + ++

Crotalaria ferruginea Sd Crotalaria pallida Sd Crotalaria retusa Crotalaria juncea Crotalaria pusilla Crotalaria verrucosa Cyamopsis tetragonoloba Sd Sd Ft Sd Ft Sd

++ ++ ++ - -

+ partial ++ partial lysis

Dalbergia sissoo Derris trifoliata Desmodium gangeticum Desmodium heterocarpon

Stb Lf Sd Lf Sd

+ -

+ -

+ -

+ -

+ -

+ -

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Species Plant Parts Used PBS Room Temp. -------PVP Room Temp.

A B AB O A B AB O _____________________________________________________________________________________ Dolichos biflorus Sd Erythrina variegata Stb Erythrina suberosa Gliricidia sepium Glycine max Glycyrrhiza glabra Lf Stb Sd Sd Rt Lf ++++ - - ++++ nt nt ++ + ++ ++ + ++ ++ + ++ - ++ + ++ -

lysis/+/- - ++ ++ ++ ++ -

Indigofera angulosa Sd Indigofera asapalathoides Indigofera cassioides Indigofera Rt Sd

glandulosa Sd Indigofera tinctoria Lf Lens culinaris Meiziotropis buteaformis Millettia peguensis Mucuna utilis Mucuna prurita Ougeinia oojeinensis Phaseolus lathyroides Phaseolus lunatus Sd Sd Sd Sd Sd Sd Sd Pod Sd

++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ - ++ ++

++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++ nt ++ -

++ ++

++ ++

++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ - ++++ - ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ - - +++ +++ +++ +++ -

++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ -

Phaseolus vulgaris Sd Phaseolus trilobatus Rt Pisum sativum Pongamia pinnata Lf Sd Sd Lf

++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ +++ +++ +++ +++ + + + + -

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Species Plant Parts Used PBS Room Temp. -------PVP Room Temp.

A B AB O A B AB O _____________________________________________________________________________________ Psoralea corylifolia Sd Pterocarpus marsupium Stb Gm Lf Sd Pterocarpus santalinus Pueraria tuberosa Sarothamnus scoparius Sesbania sesban Sesbania grandiflora Sophora tomentosa Sd Wd Rt Sd Sd Stb Lf Sd + + + + ++ + ++ + ++ + ++ + ++ + + + ++ + ++ + +

++ ++ ++ - -

+++ ++ + + + + nt nt nt -

l y s i s / -ve ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ lysis - -

Tephrosia maxima Sd Tephrosia purpurea Rt St Lf Pod Sd Tephrosia villosa Teramnus labialis Trifolium repens Trigonella foenum-graecum Vicia faba Vigna mungo Vigna radiata Vigna unguiculata FAGACEAE Quercus infectoria Sd Lf Sd Sd Sd Sd Sd Sd Gall

++/- ++/- ++/- ++/+ + nt + + -

- lysis -

- +++ +++ +++ +++ ++

+++ +++ +++ +++ nt ++ ++ ++ ++ -

++ ++ ++

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Species Plant Parts Used PBS Room Temp. -------PVP Room Temp.

A B AB O A B AB O _____________________________________________________________________________________ FLACOURTIACEAE Casearia esculenta Rd Fplp Sd Flacourtia jangomas Lf Ft Sd GENTIANACEAE Canscora decussata GERANIACEAE Pelargonium graveolens C Stmn Sty Stg Lf HYPERICACEAE Hypericum mysurense ILLICIACEAE Illicium verum JUGLANDACEAE Juglans regia Ft Sd Shell Ker Lf LAMIACEAE Anisomeles malabarica Coleus amboinicus Lf Lf St + + + nt + + + + + + + + + ++ + ++ + ++ + ++ + ++ Fl Sd ++ ++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ nt nt +++ +++ +++ +++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ +++ +++ +++ + + + + + ++ ++ ++ ++ Ft + + + + ++ + + + + + nt nt nt + + + nt + + + + + +

- ++ ++ ++ + + + + + +

lysis

++ ++ ++

- ++ ++ ++

Coleus parviflorus Tbr Majorana hortensis Lf

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Species Plant Parts Used PBS Room Temp. -------PVP Room Temp.

A B AB O A B AB O _____________________________________________________________________________________ Mentha arvensis Mentha X citrata Mentha piperita Mentha spicata Ocimum americanum Ocimum basilicum Origanum vulgare Rosamarinus officinalis Thymus serpyllum LAURACEAE Cassytha filiformis Cinnamomum camphora Cinnamomum iners Cinnamomum tamala Cinnamomum zeylanicum Pt Fl Resin Lf Stb Lf Stb Urf Sd + + + + + ++ + ++ nt + + ++ + ++ St Lf St Lf Lf St Lf St Sd Lf Lf Lf St Lf Sd nt nt nt nt -

- lysis - lysis - lysis -

++ ++ ++ ++ +++ +++ +++ +++ + + + +

Persea americana LOGANIACEAE

Strychnos nux-vomica Stb Lf Strychnos potatorum LILIACEAE Aloe vera Sd

nt

l y s i s

Rt

++

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Species Plant Parts Used PBS Room Temp. -------PVP Room Temp.

A B AB O A B AB O _____________________________________________________________________________________ Lf Allium cepa Blb Allium sativum Clove Asparagus racemosus Fplp Rt Lf Gloriosa superba Sd LYTHRACEAE Woodfordia fruticosa Stb MAGNOLIACEAE Michelia champaca Rt Lf Fl Sd MALVACEAE Abutilon indicum Rt St Lf Ft Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Lf Hibiscus sabdariffa St Lf Pavonia odorata Rt Lf Ft Sida acuta Rt Sida cordifolia Lf MELASTOMATACEAE Osbeckia crinita Lf MELIACEAE Azadirachta indica ly ++ sis ++ ++ ++ + + nt + + -

lysis

nt

+ +++ + + -

+ -

+ -

+ +++ + + -

+ nt nt nt nt + + -

+++ +++ - - + + - + + - - -

+ + -

+ + -

+ + -

Stb Gm Fl Ft Sd

++ ++ -

++ ++ -

++ ++ -

++ ++ -

++ -

++ nt -

++ -

++ -

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Species Plant Parts Used PBS Room Temp. -------PVP Room Temp.

A B AB O A B AB O _____________________________________________________________________________________ Lf Lf Lf Rt Lf Ft MENISPERMACEAE Cissampelos pareira Ft Cocculus hirsutus Rt Tinospora cordifolia Rt Lf Ft St MIMOSACEAE Acacia catechu Gm Sd Stb Pod Sd Stb Sd Gm Sd Stb Acacia senegal Acacia suma Adenanthera pavonina Albizia lebbek Gm Stb Sd Rt Stb Lf Sd Sdc Ker Sd + + + + + + + ++ + ++ + ++ ++ + + + + ++ + ++ + ++ ++ ++ nt + nt + + ++ + ++ + ++ ++ ++ nt + + ++ + ++ + ++ ++ ++ + + + ++ + ++ + ++ ++ ++ + + + + + + nt nt nt nt nt + + -

Cipadessa baccifera Cissampelos pereira Naregamia alata

lysis -

- lysis -

Acacia concinna Acacia farnesiana Acacia ferruginea Acacia nilotica

+ + + l y s i s + + +

+ + + ++ ++ ++ + + + ++ ++ ++ + + + ++ ++ ++ -

++ ++ ++ - lysis - + + + lysis -

Albizia odoratissima Entada pursaetha Leucaena latisiligua

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Species Plant Parts Used PBS Room Temp. -------PVP Room Temp.

A B AB O A B AB O _____________________________________________________________________________________ Mimosa pudica Sd Lf + + + + ++ + ++ + + nt ++ + + ++ + + ++ +

Parkia biglandulosa Sd Pithecellobium dulce Aril Prosopis cineraria MORACEAE Artocarpus heterophyllus Stb Lf Sd Dorstenia indica Ficus benghalensis Lx Sd Prop Rtb Prop Rt.tip Stb Ft Ficus lucescens Ficus racemosa Sd Stb Rt Stb Lx Lf Ficus religiosa Ficus virens Morus alba Ft Stb Lf Rtb Stb Stb Lf Ft Streblus asper Stb Lf Sd Sd Lf Stb

lysis ++ ++ ++ -

++ ++

++ ++ + ++ ++

++ ++ + nt ++ ++

++ ++ + ++ ++

++ ++ + ++ ++

++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

- ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ +++ +++ +++ ++ ++ ++ +++ +++ +++ - + + + +++ ++ +++ + + ++ ++ + + + +

+++ +++ +++ +++ nt + + + + ++ + + nt + + + ++ + nt nt

++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++

+ + + + ++ +

+ + + + ++ +

+ + + ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ + + + + + + + + + + + +

++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++

+++ +++ +++ -

+++ -

+++ +++ +++ +++ nt -

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Species Plant Parts Used PBS Room Temp. -------PVP Room Temp.

A B AB O A B AB O _____________________________________________________________________________________ MORINGACEAE Moringa oleifera

Lf Fplp Sd Stb Rtb

+ + + + + -

+ + + + + -

+ + + + + -

+ + + + + -

++ + + + + + +

nt + + + + + + +

+ + + + + + +

+ + + + + + +

MUSACEAE Musa paradisiaca

Pseudo-St Ft Rd Raw Rd Raw Fplp

MYRISTICACEAE Myristica fragrans Aril Sd Nt Myristica malabarica Aril MYRSINACEAE Ardisia solanacea Embelia ribes Maesa indica MYRTACEAE Eucalyptus globulus Pimenta dioica Psidium guajava Oil Lf Rtb Stb Lf Urf Syzygium caryophyllatum Syzygium cumini Flb Stb Lf Fplp Sd

Lf Stb Lf

+ ++ ++

nt + nt + +

++ ++ ++ - -

- ++ ++ ++ + + + + + + + + + + + +

++ + + + + ++

nt nt ++ nt ++

++

++

++ ++ ++

++

++

++

+++ +++ +++ +++ + + + + + + + + + + + +

+++ +++ +++ +++ + + + + + + + + + + + +

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Species Plant Parts Used PBS Room Temp. -------PVP Room Temp.

A B AB O A B AB O _____________________________________________________________________________________ NYCTAGINACEAE Boerhavia diffusa Rt - St - Lf - Ft - NYMPHAEACEAE Nelumbo nucifera Pet - + + + + Lf - Nymphaea nouchali Lf - nt Pedicel - C - + + + + Stmn + + + + + + + + OLEACEAE Jasminum grandiflorum St - + + + + Jasminum officinale Fl lysis nt St - + + + + Jasminum ritchiei St - + + + + Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Lf - PAPAVERACEAE Papaver somniferum

Sd

PASSIFLORACEAE Passiflora edulis Ft Rd Sd Passiflora lechnaultiana Sd PEDALIACEAE Sesamum orientale

ly -

sis - - - -

+ -

nt + nt

+ -

+ -

Sd

PERIPLOCACEAE Hemidesmus indicus St Rt PINACEAE Cedrus deodara Stb PIPERACEAE Piper betle Piper cubeba

lysis - -

nt +

Lf Ft

- ++ ++ ++

++

++

++

++

++

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Species Plant Parts Used PBS Room Temp. -------PVP Room Temp.

A B AB O A B AB O _____________________________________________________________________________________ Piper longum Piper nigrum Ft Lf + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +

Ft PLANTAGINACEAE Plantago ovata Sdc Sd

PLUMBAGINACEAE Plumbago zeylanica Rt Lf POACEAE Bambusa arundinacea Young Shoot Cymbopogon citratus Cynodon dactylon Eleusine coracana Hordeum vulgare Oryza sativa CV. IET 7191 CV. IET 7575 CV. INTAN CV. IR 20 CV. JAYA CV. KARNA CV. MADHU CV. MAHAVEERA CV. MANDYA VANI CV. MANDYA VIJAYA CV. MANGALA CV. PALGUNA CV. PRAGATHI CV. PRAKASH CV. PUSHPA CV. RASI CV. SHAKTHI CV. SONA Lf Pt Ft Ft Ft

+ + +

++ + + ++ ++ ++ ++ + + + + + -

+ + + ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ + ++ + ++

+ ++ + ++ ++ ++ ++ + + ++ +

+ ++ + ++ ++ ++ ++ + + + -

+ ++ + ++ ++ ++ ++ + + + -

- ++ + + + + +

- ++ ++ ++ - ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ - ++ ++ ++ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + -

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Species Plant Parts Used PBS Room Temp. -------PVP Room Temp.

A B AB O A B AB O _____________________________________________________________________________________ CV. VANI CV. VIKRAM Pennisetum americanum Ft Saccharum officinarum St Lf Strd Sorghum vulgare Stplp Ft cv. CSH-5 cv. CSH-9 cv. CSH-12R cv. M-35-1 cv. SB-1079 cv. SB-2413 cv. SB-2415 cv. SB-2434 Vetiveria zizanioides PUNICACEAE Punica granatum Rt Lf Rt Rtb Stb Lf K C Stmn Sty Stg Rd endocarp Fplp Sdc Sd RANUNCULACEAE Aconitum ferox Rz + + + ++ ++ ++ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + ++ + + + + + + + + ++ ++ ++ ++ + + + + + + + + + ++ + + + + + + + + + nt nt nt nt nt nt nt nt nt ++ ++ nt nt nt ++ ++ ++ + + + + + + + + + ++ + + + + + + + + + -

++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ + + + + + + ++ ++ + + ++ ++ -

++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ -

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Species Plant Parts Used PBS Room Temp. -------PVP Room Temp.

A B AB O A B AB O _____________________________________________________________________________________ Aconitum heterophyllum Rz Naravelia zeylanica Lf RHAMNACEAE Scutia myrtina ++ ++ -

Urf

++ ++ ++ - ++ ++ ++ -

++ ++ ++ + + + ++ + ++ ++ + + + -

nt nt ++ nt + ++ ++ + + + nt nt nt nt +++ +++ +++ +++ + + + + ++ + ++ ++ + + + ++ + ++ ++ + + + -

Ft Zizyphus mauritiana Stb Lf Ft Sd ROSACEAE Malus pumila Prunus amygdalus Prunus cerasioides Prunus domestica Prunus persica Sd Shell Ker Stb Ft Rd Fplp Sd Ker RUBIACEAE Anthocephalus cadamba Stb Lf Borreria articularis Ft Canthium parviflorum Ft Hamelia patens Rubia cordifolia Ft Ugrstm Sd Rt Xeromphis spinosa Stb Lf Ft Sd RUTACEAE Aegle marmelos Stb Lf Rd

- ++ ++ ++ + + + + + + + + +

- +++ +++ +++ +++ ++ ++ ++ - ++ -

- lysis + + + + + + -

+ + -

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Species Plant Parts Used PBS Room Temp. -------PVP Room Temp.

A B AB O A B AB O _____________________________________________________________________________________ Fplp Sd Clausena dentata Citrus aurantifolia Stb Lf Rd Fplp Sample 1 Sample 2 Sd Citrus limon Rd Fplp Sd Stb Rd Fplp Sd Ft Sd Ft Sd Shell Fplp Sd Murraya koenigii Stb Lf Ft St Ft Lf ++ ++ ++ ++ - ++ ++ ++ ++ + + ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ + + + nt ++ ++ nt nt + ++ ++ + + + ++ ++ + ++ ++ + + + ++ ++ + ++ ++ + + -

- ++ ++ ++ lysis - -

Citrus maxima Citrus medica

Citrus reticulata Citrus sinensis Feronia limonia

++ ++ - -

Ruta graveolens Toddalia asiatica

- ++ ++ ++ + + + -

Zanthoxylum limonella Stb Zanthoxylum rhetsa Stb Lf SANTALACEAE Santalum album Wd Fl

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Species Plant Parts Used PBS Room Temp. -------PVP Room Temp.

A B AB O A B AB O _____________________________________________________________________________________ SAPINDACEAE Cardiospermum halicacabum Rt Fl Ft Sd Dodonaea viscosa Lf Sapindus laurifolius Lf Ft Sd Sdc Ker SAPOTACEAE Madhuca indica Lf + + + + + + + + + nt + + nt nt nt nt nt nt nt + + + nt nt + nt ++ nt nt ++ nt ++ ++ ++ + + + + + +

+++ ++ +++ + - ++ ++ ++ lysis lysis + + + l y s i s l y s i s lysis + + + lysis lysis + + + lysis ++ ++ ++ - lysis + + + + + + ++

Stb Madhuca longifolia Rt Sd St Mimusops elengi Lf Fl Stb Lf SCROPHULARIACEAE Picrorhiza kurrooa Rz Scoparia dulcis Striga lutea Verbascum thapsus SOLANACEAE Capsicum frutescens Cestrum aurantiacum Datura metel
Lycopersicon esculentum

+ ++ -

+ ++ -

+ ++ -

+ ++ -

+ +

Lf Sd Sd Lf

Sd Plp Sd Rd Fplp Ext Sd

++ -

++ -

nt ++ -

++ -

++ -

lysis ++ ++ ++ -

++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ + + + +

++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++ + + +

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Species Plant Parts Used PBS Room Temp. -------PVP Room Temp.

A B AB O A B AB O _____________________________________________________________________________________ Sd. Cultivars: cv. Arka Ahuti (Sel.11) cv. Arka Saurabh cv. Arka Vikas cv. Punjab Chauhare cv. Punjab Kesari cv. Pusa Ruby cv. 674 SB Nicotiana tabacum Physalis peruviana Solanum indicum Lf Sd Ft Sd Ft Sd + + + + ++ + ++ + + + + ++ + ++ + + + + ++ + ++ + nt nt nt nt + + + nt + + + + + ++ + ++ + + + + ++ + ++ +

- - ++ ++ ++ + + + ++ ++ ++ + + +

lysis lysis lysis lysis + + + lysis

Solanum khasianum Fplp Sd Solanum nigrum St Lf Fl Ft Solanum seaforthianum Ft Solanum stramoniifolium Ft Solanum surattense Sd Rd Fplp Sd Solanum torvum Withania somnifera Ft Sd Lf Sd

lysis ++/- ++/- ++/- ++/-

nt ++/- ++/- ++/- ++/++ nt ++ nt nt nt ++ ++ -

- l y s i s / -ve lysis l y s i s / -ve -

STYRACEAE Styrax benzoin Resin + + + +

STERCULIACEAE Guazuma ulmifolia Ft Helecteris isora Ft

++

++

++

++

++

++ ++ ++

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Species Plant Parts Used PBS Room Temp. -------PVP Room Temp.

A B AB O A B AB O _____________________________________________________________________________________ Sd SYMPLOCACEAE Symplocos racemosa Stb TAMARICACEAE Tamarix gallica THEACEAE Camellia sinensis TILIACEAE Corchorus capsularis Grewia sp. TRAPACEAE Trapa bispinosa URTICACEAE Debregeasia longifolia VERBENACEAE Callicarpa macrophylla Lf Clerodendrum inerme Lf Gmelina arborea Ft Stb Lf St Gmelina elliptica Lf Stb St Nardostachys jatamansi Stachytarpheta indica Vitex negundo Rt Lf St nt nt + - ++ ++++ ++++ nt nt Ft +++ +++ +++ +++ nt Sd Stb Lf Ft +++ + + + +++ ++ + +++ + nt nt + + St -

Lf

++ ++ ++

++

++

++

++

++

+++ +++ +++ ++ ++ ++ + + +

lysis - -

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Species Plant Parts Used PBS Room Temp. -------PVP Room Temp.

A B AB O A B AB O _____________________________________________________________________________________ Stb Lf VITACEAE Cissus quadrangularis Vitis vinifera St Ft Rd Fplp White Fplp White Sd Blue Rd Blue Fplp Blue Sd ZINGIBERACEAE Alpinia galanga Amomum subulatum Curcuma domestica Curcuma zeodaria Elettaria cardamomum Rz Ft Sd Rz Rz Rz Lf Ft Sd Zingiber officinale Rz + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + nt nt + + + + + + + + + - lysis nt -

ZYGOPHYLLACEAE Tribulus terrestris St

Lf l y s i s / -ve nt __________________________________________________________________________________________