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1.If carbon loose 4 electron it will require a huge amount of energy for 6 protons to hold 2 electrons 2.If carbon gain four electrons it would be difficult for 6 protons to hold 10 electrons that is why carbon do not form ionic bond and share its electrons to form covalent bond
Saturated hydrocarbon
Ex-alkane
Alkane
Single bond
General formula-cnh2n +2 Example
Methane-CH4
Ethane-C2H6 Propane-C4H8 Butane-C5H12
Double
Alkyne
Triple bond
General formula-cnh2n-2
Examples Ethyne-C2H2
Propyne-C3H4
Butyne-C4H6
Those groups which are formed by reducing 1 hydrogen from a compound Examples 1 methyl- CH3 2 ethyl- C2H5 3 propyl-C3H7 4 butyl C4H9