CM2614

Finalexam

11May2010

Studentsarepermittedtousecalculatorsandtwopagesofnotes.PleasegiveallanswersinunitsofkJ, J,kJ/mol,J/K,LorK.Writeallanswersintheblueexaminationbooklet.Showallworkornocredit. 0C=273.15K 1.(32)CalculateQ,W,E,H,andSforthefollowingprocessesinvolving2.00molesofamonatomic idealgas,initiallyat300K,1.00atm.ThisisNOTacycle.Ineachpart,thegasstartsat300K,1.00atm. a)Calculatetheinitialvolumeofthegas. b)Thegasexpandsisothermally,irreversibly,tofourtimesitsinitialvolume,againstanexternal pressureof0.1atm. c)Thegasexpandsadiabatically,reversibly,tofourtimesitsinitialvolume. d)Thegasexpandstofourtimesitsinitialvolumebyheatingreversiblyatconstantpressure. 2.(8)Consideraclosedvesselcontaininganaqueoussucrosesolutioninequilibriumwithagas containingamixtureofnitrogengasandwatervapor.Thereisalsoanicecubefloatingonthesucrose solutionandsomesolidsucrosesittingonthebottomofthesucrosesolution. a)Howmanycomponentsdoesthissystemcontain? b)Howmanyphasesarepresent? c)Howmanydegreesoffreedomdoesthissystemhave? d)Whichintensivevariable(s)couldbeusedtospecifythestateofthesystem? 3.(16)Considerthechemicalpotentialofliquidwater,water,at1atm,25C.Foreachchangebelow, indicatewhetherthevalueofwaterincreases,decreases,orremainsunchanged. a)thepressureisincreasedto2atm. ______________ b)thetemperatureisincreasedto50C._____________ c)asmallamountofsugarisdissolvedinthewater.___________ d)theliquidwaterisvaporizedtowatervaporat25C,1atm.___________ R=0.08206Latm/Kmol=8.3145J/Kmol 1Latm=101.3J

4.(15)IntheMichaelisMentenkineticmodelforenzymecatalysis,theenzyme,E,andsubstrate,S, firstreacttoformanintermediatecomplex,ES,whichthengoesontoformtheproduct,P. k1

(1) E+S=ES fast k1

a) b) c) d)

(2) ESE+Pslow k2 Whatisthemolecularityoftheforwardpartofstep(1)? Whatisthemolecularityofthereversepartofstep(1)? Whatisthemolecularityofstep(2)? Deriveanexpressionfortherateofformationofproduct,d[P]/dt,intermsofthe concentrationsofthestablereactantsandproducts.Assumethesteadystateapproximation fortheintermediate,ES.

5.(14)Thenormalboilingpointofbenzene(C6H6)is80.1C,anditsstandardmolarenthalpyof vaporization,Hvap,is20.0kJ/mol. a)Whatisthevaporpressureofbenzeneatitsnormalboilingpoint? b)Whatisthevaporpressureofbenzeneatatemperatureof125C?(Youmayassumethatthemolar enthalpyofvaporizationofbenzeneisthesameat80Cand125C,andthatthebenzenevaporisan idealgas.) 6.(15)Jupitersmoon,Io,hasaverythinatmosphereconsistingmainlyofsulfurdioxide,SO2.Onthe nightsideofIo(sideawayfromthesun),thetemperaturerangesfrom9095Kandthepressureranges from104to103nbar(1atm=1.013bar).OnthedaysideofIo,thetemperaturerangesfrom115120K andthepressurerangesfrom0.3to3nbar.Iohasover400activevolcanoes,spewingoutvolcanic plumescontainingsulfurdioxideatatemperatureof300Kandapressureof540nbar.Attachedisa phasediagramofsulfurdioxide.Pleasenotethatthepressurescaleislogarithmic. a) b) c) d) e) WhatisthemoststablephaseofSO2nearthesurfaceonthenightside? WhatisthemoststablephaseofSO2nearthesurfaceonthedayside? Whatisthemoststablephaseinthevolcanicplumes? CanitsnowSO2intheatmosphereofIo?Whyorwhynot? CanitrainSO2intheatmosphereofIo?Whyorwhynot?

solid solid

liquid liquid

gas gas