Gita Govinda (Hindi)

r JhJhxq#&xkSjkkS t;r% r
Jht;nso xksLokeh fojfpr
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vUo;] vuqokn] i|kuqokn] Jhiqtkjh xksLokeh r
ckycksfkuh Vhdkdk Hkkokuqokn lfgr
JhxkSM+h; osnkUr lfefr ,oa rnUrxZr HkkjrO;kih JhxkSM+h; eBksads

izfr"Bkrk] Jh".kpSrU;kEuk; n'kek/kLruoj
JhxkSM+h;kpk;Zds'kjh fuR;yhykizfo"V
fo".kqikn v"Vkskj'krJh
Jhen~HkfDrizKku ds'ko xksLokeh egkjktthds vuqx`ghr

f=nf.MLokeh
JhJhefosnkUr ukjk;.k xksLokeh

egkjkt
}kjk lEikfnr
lokZf/kdkj lqjf{kr
izdk'kd %
JhHkfosnkUr rhFkZ egkjkt

Jhds'koth xkSM+h; eB] eFkqjkA
izFke laLdj.k %
JhJhjk/kk"Veh] flrEcj]
izkfIrLFkku %
- JhnsokuUn xkSM+h; eB] rs?kjhikM+k] iks&uo}hi (i-ca-)]Qksu&
- Jhds'koth xkSM+h; eB] eFkqjk (m- iz-) Qksu&
- Jh:i&lukru xkSM+h; eB] oÙnkou (m-iz-) Qksu&
- Jhfxfj/kkjh xkSM+h; eBjk/kkdq.M jksM] xkso/kZu] Qksu&
- Jhje.kfcgkjh xkSMh+ ; eBch&,] tudiqjh] ubZ fnYyh]Qksu&
- JhnqokZ"kk f"k xkSM+h; vkJebZ'kkiqj] eFkqjk (m-iz-)]Qksu&
eqnzddk uke %
jsDeks fizUVlZ] fnYyh
leiZ.k
ftu ije dk#f.kd vgSrqdh ikyq vLenh; Jhxq#ikni
fuR;yhyk izfo"V fo".kqikn
JhJhefizKku ds'ko xksLokeh egkjkt dh
izsj.kkls
;g xzUFk izdkf'kr gqvk gS] mudh
viuh oLrq mu Jhxq#iknids
Jhdjdeyksaesa
gh
vir gSA
JhJhxq#&xkSjkkS t;r%
izLrkouk
JhxkSM+h; osnkUr lfefrds izfr"Bkrk ,oa vkpk;Zds'kjh
fuR;yhykizfo"V fo".kqikn v"Vkskj'kr JhJhefDrizKku
ds'ko xksLokeh egkjktdh vgSrqdh vuqdEikls mUghadh
iz h frds fy, dfodq y fryd Jht;ns o xks L okehr
JhxhrxksfoUndk ;g vfHkuo laLdj.k izdkf'kr gks jgk gSA
fdlh Hkh xzUFkdks i<+dj mldk 'kCnkFkZ xzg.k djuk
,d ckr gS vkSj xEHkhj HkkokFkZdks le>dj mlls
HkyhHkkfr ifjfpr gksuk ,d vkSj ckr gSA 'kCnkFkZ le>uk
vfkdrj lgt gksus ij Hkh xEHkhj HkkokFkZ le>uk mruk
lgt ugha gSA tks bl xzUFkdk vfkdkjh ugha gS] mlds
fy, rks HkkokFkZ xzg.k djuk furkUr vlEHko gSA blhfy,
lHkh izkphu xzUFkksads izkjEHkesa vfkdkjh vkSj vufkdkjhdh
ckr cryk;h x;h gSA fdlh&fdlh egkuqHkko xzUFkdkjus
vufkdkfj;ksadks mu&mu xzzUFkksadks ikB djusesa] ftlds fy,
os vufkdkjh gSa] 'kiFk nsdj mudks i<+usds fy, fu"ksk
fd;k gSA bldk ms'; D;k gS\ ms'; vkSj dqN ugha]
vufkdkjh mu xzUFkksadks ikBdj lgh vFkZ le>usds cnys
nwljk vFkZ le> ysaxs vkSj ifj.kkeLo:i fgrds cnys
vfgr gh gksxkA iwT;ikn Jht;nso xksLokehus Hkh vius
xzUFkds loZizFke eykpj.kesa gh vfkdkjdh ckr Li"V
dj nh gS
;fn gfjLej.ks ljla eu%
;fn foykl&dyklq dqrwgye~A
[k
JhxhrxksfoUne~
ekqj&dksey&dkUr inkoyha
k`.kq rnk t;nso&ljLorhe~
vFkkZr~ mUgksaus dgk gS fd Jhgfjdh lq[kn Le`frdh
;fn euesa bPNk gks vFkok ;fn rqe gfjdk izhfriwoZd
Lej.k djuk pkgrs gks vFkok Jhgfjds foykl&uSiq.;dks
tkuusdk n;esa dkSrwgy gks] rks rqe bl xzUFkdk ikB
djks] vU;Fkk rqe bl xzUFkdk ikB er djksA esjh ;g
dkseydkUr inkoyh rqEgkjs fudV ftruh Hkh ekqj vkSj
dksey gks] rqe vufkdkjh bldk ikB er djksA ;fn
rqEgkjs n;esa dkSrwgy gks vkSj muds jklfoykldks
tkuusdh bPNk gks] rks esjh dkseydkUr inkoyh rqEgkjs
fudV cgqr gh ekqj] dksey vkSj vR;Ur deuh;
foosfpr gksxhA
bruk Li"V djusds ckn Hkh vufkdkfj;ksads fudV
Jht;nso dfo ikj ugha ik ldsA muds ekqj ,oa
vyar Hkk"kkds vkd"kZ.kds dkj.k os bl xzUFkdk ikB
djrs gSa vkSj vUresa mldk ;FkkFkZ HkkokFkZ ;k eeZ xzg.k
djusesa vleFkZ gksdj vHkdh Hkkfr dfodqy pwM+kef.k
Jht;nsodks gh xkyhxykSt djrs gSaA ,slk rks gksxk ghA os
rks Jhgfjdks ugha igpkurs] os gfjdh ekqj Le`frds fudV
Hkh tkuk ugha pkgrsA os dsoy Lo;adks le>rs gSaA og
Hkh nsgsfU;kRed Lo;adks le>rs gSaA os vius 'kjhj vkSj
bfU;ksadks lq[kdj le>dj mls gh pje lq[k ekurs gSaA
oSls dkeds ddj&tu Jht;nso xksLokeh }kjk o.kr
vizkr izseds O;kikjdks D;k le>saxs\ blfy, ije
iwT;uh; Jh".knkl dfojkt xksLokehus JhpSrU;pfjrke`resa
dgk gS
^^dke izse nksagkdkj fofHkk y{k.kA
ykSg vkj gse tSNs Lo:i&foy{k.k
izLrkouk
vkResfU;&izhfr&bPNk rkjs cfy ^dke*A

".ksfU;&izhfr&bPNk kjs îzes * uke
dkesj rkRi;Zfut laHkksx dsoyA
".klq[k&rkRi;Zizse egkcy**
rkRi;Z ;g gS fd ykSfdd dke vkSj vizkr
izsebu nksuksads y{k.k vyx&vyx gSaA ykSfdd dke
yksgsds leku gS rFkk vizkr izse lksusds leku gSA
viuh bfU;ksads fy, lq[kdj Li`gkdks dke dgrs gSaA
fdUrq Jh".ksfU;&izhfrdks fo'kq izse dgrs gSaA dsoy
viuk laHkksx gh dkedk rkRi;Z gS vkSj Jh".kdks lq[kh
cukuk gh egkcyoku izsedk ms'; gksrk gSA
Jhy dfojkt xksLokehds bl xEHkhj vk'k;dks fdrus
yksx le>usesa leFkZ gSa\ fo'ks"kdj tks vius bfU;riZ.kesa
gh lnk O;Lr gSa] os bls le> ugha ldrs gSaA blhfy,
Jhjkkk".kds vizkr izsedh yhyk Hkh muds fudV
dkeoklukds [ksyds vfrfjDr dqN Hkh ugha gSA ;fn os
Jhjkkkth ,oa mudh lf[k;ksads leku yksdkeZ] osnkeZ]
nsgkeZ bR;kfndks loZFkk R;kxdj fdlhdks izse dj ikrs]
rks os bu yhykvksadh rodFkkls ,dfnu vo'; voxr
gks ikrs_ D;ksafd ,slk gksusij gh os le> ldrs fd
vkRelq[kdh dkeuk ugha j[kdj Hkh fuLokFkZ izse fd;k tk
ldrk gSA
blh fu%LokFkZ vizkr izsedh f'k{kk nsusds fy, gh
oS".ko dfox.k ys[kuhdks kkj.k djrs gSaA dfods'kjh
Jht;nsous Hkh ;gh fd;k gS_ D;ksafd Lo;a&Hkxoku~
Jh".k bl fu%LokFkZ vizkr izseds o'khHkwr gks tkrs gSaA
os brus o'khHkwr gks tkrs gSa fd tgk Hkh os ,slh izhfrdh
xUk ik ysrs gSa] os muds pj.kksaesa fxjdj ^nsfg iniYyoeqnkja*
dgusds fy, Hkh izLrqr jgrs gSaA Jht;nso dfodh
?k
JhxhrxksfoUne~
thouyhykdk vuq'khyu djus ij ;g ns[kk tkrk gS fd

Jht;nso xksLokeh vuUr dksfV czk.Mds vkh'oj
JhcztsUuUnu ';kelqUnjds eq[kls dSls ;g ckr dgykosaA
,slk lkspdj os vR;Ur vfLFkj vkSj O;kdqy gks mBsA
fdruh gh ckj ,slk fy[kw] fy[kw] vfHkyk"kk djds Hkh ;g
pj.k (prqFkZ) fdlh izdkj Hkh fy[kusesa leFkZ ugha gq,A
os Jh".kdks Lo;a&Hkxoku~ le>rs FksA bl ,s'o;ZHkkods
dkj.k gh os ,slk ugha fy[k ldsA fdUrq HkoRly
Hkxoku~us Lo;a mudk os'k kkj.kdj vius gLrls Lo.kkZ{kjksaesa
ml prqFkZ pj.kdks ^^nsfg iniYyoeqnkja** fy[kdj iwjk dj
fn;k vkSj lkFk gh lkFk vius HkokRlY;dh ckr
nqanqfHkok|dh Hkkfr loZ= ?kks"k.kk dj nhA
dfyikoukorkj JhpSrU; egkizHkq xEHkhjkesa cSBdj
JhLo:i nkeksnj ,oa jkekuUnjk;ds lkFk ,dkUr futZu
xEHkhjkesa ftu dfri; jlxzUFkksadk jlkLoknu djds vkuUnesa
foy gks mBrs Fks] Jht;nso xksLokehdk xhrxksfoUn
muesals vU;re ,d gSA Jhy dfojkt xksLokehds eq[kls
gh ge bl fo"k;dks tkurs gSa
p.Mhnkl fo|kifr] jk;sj ukVd xhfr
d.kkZe`r JhxhrxksfoUnA
Lo:i&jkekuUn&lus] egkizHkq jkf=fnus
xk; lqus ije&vkuUn
blesa dqN ,sls xEHkhj Hkko gSa] ftudh ge fo'ks"k:ils
fpUrk dj ldrs gSaA JhpSrU;egkizHkq Lo;a Hkfdk
vkpj.kdj Hkfdh f'k{kk nsusds fy, vorh.kZ gq, gSaA os
,sls futZu vkSj xksiuh; xEHkhjkesa ek= nks&,d vius
vUrj Hkksadks ysdj bu lc xzUFkksadk vuq'khyu
jlkLoknu D;ksa djrs Fks\ ;gk Hkh mlh vfkdkjdh ckr
dgh x;h gSA vfkdUrq bu lc jlxzUFkksadk vuq'khyu
izLrkouk
djusds fy, LFkkudh ckr Hkh vfHkO; gqbZ gSA JheUegkizHkq

lkkkj.k LFkkuesa lkkkj.k yksxksads lektesa tks ladhrZu
djrs] og dsoy ukeladhrZu rFkk jlladhrZu xEHkhjk
(xqIr&x`g) esa dsoy JhLo:i nkeksnj xksLokeh ,oa jk;
jkekuUnds lkFk gh djrsA Jhkke uo}hiesa Hkh ;gh fu;e
FkkA ogk Hkh ladhrZu gksrk FkkA fdUrq jkresa Jhfuoklds
?kjesa }kj cUn djds gksrk FkkA txn~xq# JhxkSjknsodh
;gh loZJs"B f'k{kk gSA vfkdkjh gksdj bl xzUFkdk
xqIr:ils vuq'khyu djksA blls rqEgkjk ije dY;k.k
gksxk vkSj izseHkfds vfkdkjh gksvkssxsA vU;Fkk Hk vkSj
Hkxoku~ds fudV vijkkh gksdj rqe vk%ifrr gks
tkvksxsA Hkxoku~ Jh".k 'kfeku~ gSa vkSj Jherh jkfkdk
mudh ijk'kf gSaA() Jhjkfkdk ,oa Jh".kdh yhyk'kf
vkSj 'kfekudh yhyk gSA dkexUkghu vizkr izsedh
yhyk gSA ;g ckr rks cgqrls yksx tkurs gSa ,oa ftu
xzUFkksaesa ;g yksdikouh yhyk fyfic gqbZ gS] Hkf
vuq"Bkuds vds :iesa mldk os vuq'khyu Hkh djuk
pkgrs gSaA fdUrq laLr Hkk"kkesa vufHkK gksusds dkj.k
mldk HkkokFkZds lkFk ikB ugha dj ikrsA JhxhrxksfoUndk
orZeku laLdj.k muds vFkZcksk vkSj Hkkocksk nksuksaesa
;Fks"V lgk;rk djsxkA
()
lfPpnkuUn iw.kZ ".ksj Lo:iA

,dbZ fpPNf rkj kjs fru :i
vkuUnka'ks kfnuh lna'ks lfUkuhA
fpna'ks lafor~ tkjs Kku dfj tkfu
kfnuhj lkj izse] izselkj HkkoA
Hkkosj ijkdk"Bkuke egkHkko
egkHkko&Lo:ik Jhjkkk Bkdqj.khA
loZxq.k[kfu ".kdkUrk&f'kjksef.k
JhxhrxksfoUne~
JhxhrxksfoUn vktdy f'kf{kr lektesa kàxkjjlkRed

lqekqj dkO;ds :iesa gh izfl gS vkSj mlds iz.ksrk
iwT;ikn Jht;nso xksLokeh ,d vlkkkj.k dfods :iesa
gSaA ijUrq JhxhrxksfoUn dkO; gksusij Hkh dsoy NUnksc
jlkRed okD;Lo:i yksdizfl vkyadkfjd dkO; ugha
gSA t;nso xksLokeh Lo;a dfo gksusij Hkh lqekqj infoU;kl
djusesa dq'ky jpukdkj vkSj LoHkko fodkld dsoy
dfoek= ugha gSaA JhxhrxksfoUn loZosndk lkj ,oa Jht;nso
xksLokeh loZosn fo'kkjn ije lkkd vkSj fl Hkh gSaA
ikBdx.k JhxhrxksfoUndk ikB djusls iwoZ ;k vkjEHkesa
;g ns[ksaxs fd xzUFkdkjus vius b"Vnsorkds Lej.k:i
eykpj.kesa ;gh fy[kk gS
^^jkkk&ekko;ks tZ;fUr ;equkdwys jg% dsy;%A**
vFkkZr~ Jh;equkiqfyuesa Jhjkkkekkodh xEHkhj ,oa
lqxw<+ fogkjyhyk loksZifj fojkteku gks jgh gSA f}rh;
'yksdesa muds o.kZuh; fo"k;dk ifjp; fn;k gS
^^Jhoklqnso&jfrdsfy&dFkk&lesresra djksfr t;nso&dfo%
izcUke~**
vFkkZr~ t;nso dfo Jhoklqnso cztsUuUnu ';kelqUnjdh
ije vkuUne; jfrfogkjdk voyEcu djds ;g izcUk
fy[k jgs gSaA tSlk fd geus igys dgk gS] r`rh; 'yksdesa
mUgksaus bl xzUFkdk vfkdkjh Hkh fu.kZ; fd;k gS
;fn gfjLej.ks ljla euks
;fn foykldyklq dqrwgye~A
ekq j &dks e y&dkUr&inkoyha
k`.kq rnk t;nso ljLorhe~
vFkkZr~ ;fn gfj Lej.k djusesa eudks vuqj djuk
pkgrs gks vFkok rqEgkjk eu gfjLej.kesa vuqj gS vkSj
;fn ml yhykjldks vkLoknu djusdk dkSrwgy gks vFkkZr~
izLrkouk
;fn ,dkfUrd vfHkyk"kk gks rHkh lqekqj dkseydkUr

inkoyh;q t;nsods vizkr dkO;dk Jo.k djksA
Jht;nso xksLokehus bl vizkr dkO;eas Jhjkkkekkkods
vizkr iz.k;dk euksK (lqUnj) o.kZu fd;k gSA kàxkjjlds
foizyEHk rFkk laHkksx nksuksa i{kksadk pjeksRd"kZ blh xhfrdkO;esa
n`f"Vxkspj gksrk gSA dfodh ekU;rk ;g gS fd foizyEHk
}kjk ifjiq"V laHkksx kàxkj&jfld] fl&egkiq#"kksa ,oa
Hkflkkdksadks vfkd lq[kizn izrhr gksrk gSA vfkdkjhds
fu.kZ;ds lEcUkesa Jhexon~xhrkds vV~Bkjgoas v;k;ds
& 'yksdksaesa Lo;a&Hkxoku~ Jh".kus vius vUrj
Hk vtqZudks xhrkds Jo.k ,oa dhrZudk vfkdkjh vkSj
vufkdkjhdk mins'k fn;k gSA
bnUrs
ukriLdk;
ukHkk;
dnkpuA
u pk'kqJw"kos okP;a u p eka ;ksH;lw;fr
tks yksx Jkyq ugha gSa] esjs izfr 'kqHkf ugha gS]
tks vufkdkjh gSa] ,sls yksxksadks ;g esjk vR;Ur jgL;iw.kZ
Kku vkSj foKku mUgsa Jo.k er djkvksA
; bea ijea xqa es"ofHkkkL;frA
Hkfa ef; ijka Rok ekesoS";R;la'k;%
vFkkZr~ tks yksx esjs bl ijexqre xhrkds vR;Ur
jgL;iw.kZ Kku foKkudk vR;Ur Jkyq Hkksadks Jo.k
djkrs gSa] bl izdkj vUreaas os eq>s gh izkIr gksrs gSaA
blfy, igys 'yksdesa vufkdkjh vkSj nwljs 'yksdesa
vfkdkjhdh ckr dh gSA JhthoxksLokehus Hkh JhxksikypEiw
lquusds fy, vufkdkjh vkSj vfkdkjhdk Li"V:ils
foospu djrs gq, vufkdkjh] Hkfjfgr] Jkjfgr]
O;f;ksadks m xzUFk i<+usds fy, fu"ksk fd;k gSA
Jhlukru xksLokehus Hkh c`gn~Hkkxorke`r uked xzUFkdk
JhxhrxksfoUne~
Jkjfgr vufkdkjh O;f;ksadks i<+us&lquusds fy, fu"ksk

fd;k gSA blh izdkj gekjs vU;kU; xksLokfe;ksaus Hkh
Lojfpr xzUFkksadks u i<+usds fy, fu"ksk fd;k gSA
JhxhrxksfoUndh fo"k;&oLrq
Jht;nso xksLokehus dfy;qxdh ekuo izfrdks HkyhHkkfr
le>k FkkA mUgksaus ;g le>k Fkk fd dfy;qxds euq";
ck vkoj.kds lkSUn;Zdks ns[kdj gh eqXk gksrs gSaA
vkoj.kdk lkSUn;Z ugha ns[kusls vUrufgr ije fgrdj
vkS"kkdh Hkh vogsyuk djrs gSaA blhfy, Jht;nso dfous
oS".koksfpr lc thoksads izfr ln; gksdj Hkojksxdh
,dek= vkS"kfkLo:i ,oa vizkr fpUe; jldk vkLoknu
djusds fy, vf}rh; voyEcuLo:i vizkr ije
lqekqj vius Hkkoksadks vkikr ekqj izkr&kàxkjjlds
vkoj.kesa yisVdj mls dkO;ds :iesa izdk'k fd;k gSA
ikBdx.k vc vPNh rjgls le> ldrs gSa fd Jqfresa
tks jl thods fLFkj vkuUndk gsrq fun"V gqvk gS]
JhxhrxksfoUn mlh vizkr lqekqj jldk dkO; gSA izkr
ka`xkjjldk ;g dkO; ugha gSA blhfy, ;g dkO; gksus ij
Hkh vf[ky Jqfr;ksadk lkj Lo:i gSA jlrofon~
dfodqy&fryd Jht;nso xksLokehus dHkh Jh".kds fojgesa
Jhjkkkdks mR"V vfHkekuds }kjk bZ";kZfUor fd;k gS]
dHkh funk#.k nq%[kls vfoJkUr Unu djk;k gS] dHkh
Jhjkkkds fojgesa JhHkxoku~dks Hkh vR;Ur O;kdqy dj
fn;k gSA dsoy ;gh ugha] Lo;a&Hkxoku~ cztsUuUnu
';kelq U njdks Jhjkkkthds pj.kks a d ks idM+ d j ^ns f g
iniYyoeqnkja* ,slk dgyk;k gSA blhesa Hkksadks vR;Ur
mkr Hkxor~ izse vkSj Hkxoku~dk pwM+kUr HkokRlY;
izLrkouk
>
izdfVr gqvk gSA ;gh vf[ky Jqfr;ksadk lkj Lo:i gSA

Jqfr;ksaus dgk gS fd os ijekRek ftldks pkgrs gSa ogh
mudks izkIr gksrs gSa
uk;ekRek izopusu yH;ks u esk;k u cgquk Jqrsu A
;esoS"k o`.kqrs rsu yH;LrL;S"k vkRek foo`.kqrs ruwa Loke~
(dB @@)
Hkxoku~ Jh".k vkuUn?kuewk gSaA tho Hkh lc

le; dsoy vkuUndk gh vuqlUkku dj jgk gS] mls
izkIr ugha dj ik jgk gSA fdUrq ftl fnu thoksadk ,slk
lkSHkkX; mfnr gksxk] mlh fnu vFkkZr~ ftl le; Hkksads
vUrufgr Hkkokasdks ns[kdj Hkxoku~ Lo;a viusdks Kkr
djk nsaxs] mlh fnu vius lkSHkkX;ds cyls Lo;a vkuUn
Hkh mudk vuqlUkku djsxkA lkkd Hk vius n;esa
".kkd"kZ.kh izseHkf lap;dj vius ?kjesa cSBk jgsxk vkSj
izseyksyqi vkuUne; Jh".k mlds fudV tkusds fy,
ije O;kdqy gks mBsaxsA vijkkhdh Hkkfr vuqu; fou;
djsaxsnsfg iniYyoeqnkjaA ;gh fuf[ky Jqfr;ksadk lkj
Lo:i gSA Jqfr;k dgrh gSacz ftruk fudV gS mruk
nwj Hkh gSA
JhxhrxksfoUnds dkO;&rodh vkykspuk

Jht;nso dfous bl ekqj&dkO;esa xkUkoZ&fo|kdk
dkS'ky] cztsUuUnu Jh';kelqUnjds fpUru&Lej.kdk leLr
jgL;] lEHkksx vkSj foizyEHk nksuksa izdkjds kàxkjjldk
foLr`r foospu rFkk dkO;&iz.k;dh izkphu ifr] lHkhdk
ef.kdkpu U;k;ls lfkos'k fd;k gSA mUgksaus Lo;a dgk
gS^lkuUnk% ifj'kksk;Urq lqfk;% JhxhrxksfoUnr%* (@@)
bl prqFkZ pj.kdk ;g Hkh vfHkizk; gS fd bu leLr
JhxhrxksfoUne~
oLrqvksadk iw.kZr% 'kq:i bl xhrxksfoUn dkO;esa gh

,dek= miyCk gks ldrk gSA vr,o fo}kukasdks pkfg,
fd os bl dkO;dks HkyhHkkfr ijh{k.k djds ns[ksa vkSj
tkusa HkhA Jht;nso dfodks bl ckrdk n`<+ fo'okl gS
fd JhxhrxksfoUn&dkO;ds ekkq;Zds lkeus vaxwjdh efnjk]
phuhdh feBkl] ids vkezQy rFkk dkfeuhds vkjjl;s
lc mis{k.kh; gSa_ D;ksafd bl kàxkjdkO;esa kàxkjjldk
lEiw.kZ lkj lekfo"V gSA
lkoh! ekohd fpUrk u Hkofr Hkofr 'kdZjs! ddZ'kkfl]
k{ks! {;fUr ds Rokee`r! e`refl {khj! uhja jlLrsA
ekdUn! Un dkUrkkj! kj u rqyka xPN ;PNfUr Hkkoa]
;koPN`kjlkja
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vyadkj vkSj vkSfpR;kasdk lfkos'k fd;k gSA Jhjkkkekko&
foykldk ekqj xk;u gh dfodk izeq[k ;s; gSA bl
dkO;dh pkSCchl v"Vifn;ksads ek;els dfous laxhr'kkL=
rFkk jl'kkL=ds vius xgu v;;udk fo'kn~ ifjp;
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yxrk gS fd Jhjkkkekkods lEHkksx vkSj fo;ksxdk dfous
lekfkdh fLFkfresa lk{kkr~dkj fd;k gSA
xhrxksfoUneas izos'k&iz.kkyh
dfooj Jht;nso xksLokehus Jh".kds lkFk Jhjkkkds
lfEeyuesa ,d l[khdks e;oruh j[kk gSA l[khds
vuqxr gq, fcuk rFkk mudh lgk;rk izkIr fd;s fcuk
Jh".kdks izkIr ugha fd;k tk ldrkA ;gh leLr
Hkf'kkL=ksadk flkUr gSA l[khdh lgk;rk vkSj xq#dh
lgk;rk ,d gh ckr gSA xq# gksusds fy, l[khHkko
izLrkouk
voyEcu djuk gksrk gS vkSj Jh".kdks ikusds fy,

l[khHkkokik ln~xq#dk vkJ; xzg.k djuk gksrk gSA ;gh
vf[ky Jqfr;ksadk lkj gSA Jqfr;ksaus dgk gS
rLekn~ xq#a izi|sr ftKklq% Js; mkee~A
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(Jhekxor @@)
vFkkZr~ czdks tkuusds fy, czfu"B ln~xq#dk

vkJ; djuk gksrk gSA uSfe"kkj.; uked iq.;kj.;esa
Jhlwr xksLokehus Jhekxordk ikB djrs le; Jhekxordks
gh vf[ky Jqfrlkj crk;k gSA Jhekxordk lkj jklyhyk
gSA lkjn'khZ dfooj Jht;nso xksLokehus ikijo'k gksdj
mlh lkjknfi lkj Jhekxorks Jhjklyhykdks fupksM+dj
xkxjesa lkxj Hkjdj dfythoksadh Lor% izo`fkds fy,
JhxhrxksfoUn uked dkO;ke`rdks izdk'k fd;k gSA Jh'kqdnso
xksLokehus ijhf{kr egkjktds iz'uds mkjesa dgk Fkk
vuqxzgk;
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vFkkZr~ Hkxoku~ Jh".k vius Hkksaij vuqxzg
djusds fy, bl izdkjdh yhyk, izdk'k djrs gSaA
kàxkjjl&fiz; vHk Hkh bls lqudj e'k% Jh".k&ijk;.k
gksaxsA blds }kjk ;g le>k tk ldrk gS fd Hkxoku~
Jh".kus Hk&vHk lHkhds izfr iko'k gksdj bl
izdkj kàxkjfiz; yhykdks kj.khry ij izdV dh gSA
eg"k osnO;klus lcds izfr ik&ijo'k gksdj mldks
fyfic fd;k vkSj ijeHk Jh'kqdnso xksLokehus Hkh
ik&ijo'k gksdj gh i`Fohij bldk izpkj fd;k gSA
mlds i'pkr~ dfooj t;nso xksLokehus Hkh ik&ijo'k
gksdj vkSj Hkh ekqjrj dkO;ds vkdkjesa mls izdkf'kr
fd;k gSA JhpSrU;pfjrke`resa Jhjk;jkekuUn laoknesa
JhxhrxksfoUne~
JhjkekuUnds eq[kls Jheu~'kphuUnu xkSjgfjds iz'uksads mkjeas

dgk gS
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rks e kj iz l kns bgk tkfuyw fu'p;
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ik dfj dg] jk;] ikokj mik;
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izLrkouk
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gSaA ;g vR;Ur jgL;dh ckr gSA vc eSa ml vR;Ur
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lf[k;ksadk gh blesa vfkdkj gSA l[khls bl yhykdk
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gSa] dsoy os gh Jhjkkk".kdh dqtlsokdks izkIr gks
ldrs gSaA bl lk;dks ikusds fy, l[khds inkJ; vkSj
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Jht;nso dfodk thou pfj=

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ftyseas izk;% nl dksl nf{k.kesa vt; unhds mkj Hkkxesa
fLFkr dsUnqfcYo uked xzkeesa tUe xzg.k fd;k FkkA ;g
dsUnqfcYo xzke lkkkj.kr% dsUnqyhds ukels gh fo'ks"k:ils
izpfyr gSA Jht;nsods firkthdk uke Hkkstnso vkSj
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xksLokehus Lo;a gh dgk gS
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o.kra t;nsodsu gjsfjna izo.ksuA

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s jfrdsfydFkklesra (Jhoklqno
s L;
oklqukZjk;.k% lpklkS nso'psfr foxzg%_ JholqnsolqrL; ok
jfrdsfy% lqjrksRlo% rL; dFkk dhkZua rRlesra) ,ra
izcUka (xzUFka) djksfr
vuqoknftuds fpk&lnuesa leLr okf.k;ksads fu;Urk
Jh".kdh pfjrkoyh lqpk# :ils fpf=r gks jgh gS] tks
Jhjkkkthds pj.k;qxy izkfIrdh ykylkesa fujUrj u`R;fofkds
vuqlkj fueXu gks jgs gSa] ,sls egkdfo t;nso xksLokeh
Jh".kdh dqt&fogkjkfn lqjr yhyk lefUor bl xhrxksfoUn
ukeds xzUFkdk iz.k;u dj Hkkoxzkgh Hktuksads mTToy
Hkfjldks mPNfyr dj jgs gSa
i|kuqokn
pk# pfjr ôk.kh*ds fpfUrr eu&efUnjesa ftlds]
ikorh pj.k&pkj.kls v&v flgjs ftldsA
dfo t;nso jfpr gS (ftldh efr&xfr vfr rYyhuk)
oklqnso&Jh&dsfy&dFkke;] ;g izcUk jl&Hkhuk
ckycksfkuhiwoZ'yksdesa ,d inds }kjk lwfpr
Jhjkkkekkodh yhyk LQwkizkIr gksusls Jht;nsothdk
n; vfr'k; vkuUnls ifjIyqr gks x;k gSA ml vkuUnjkf'kds
Iykouls Iykfor gksdj egku~ d#.kkds ikjkokj dfo&pokhZ
Jht;nsoth Hkksa ij vuqxzg izdk'k djrs gq, vius
izcUk dkO;esa viuh leFkZrk ôkx~nsork* bfr 'yksdds
}kjk vfHkO; djrs gq, dg jgs gSa
t;nso%t; vFkkZr~ loksZRd"kZrk] nso vFkkZr~ |ksr;fr
izdk'k;fr izdk'k djrs gSaA rkRi;Z ;g gS fd tks viuh
Hkfds }kjk Jh".kdh yhykdh loZJs"Brk izdkf'kr
djrs gSa] ,sls Jht;nsothA lkFk gh ;g xhrxksfoUn uked
izcUkfr iz"V :ils Jksrkvksads n;dks vkd"kr
djrh gS vFkok iz"V :ils ".kyhyk lalkj&cUku
eq dj Hktuksads n;esa mfnr gksrh gSA
vc iz'u gksrk gS fd xzUFkesa Jkssrkvksads n;dks
vkd"kr djusdh {kerk dgkls vkbZ\ blds mkjesa dgk
gS fd Jhoklqnso jfrdsfy dyk lesre~A ;gk ^Jh* 'kCnls
jkkkdk rFkk olqnsods iq= :iesa vorh.kZ lEiw.kZ txr~ds
Lokeh ,oa vkRekLo:i Hkxoku~~ Jh".kdh jfrdsfy&dFkkdk
o.kZu gSA oklqnso vFkkZr~ olqoa'kdks izdkf'kr vFkok
mTToy djusokys olqnso vFkkZr~ JhuUnegkjkt tks olqvksaesa
izoj (loZJs"B) gSa] ,sls JhuUnthds iq= oklqnso Jh".k
gSaA vr% bu nksuksadh dsfy dFkkvksals ifjiw.kZ yhykvksads
o.kZuls Jht;nso dfods n;esa ,slh {kerk izdfVr gqbZA
10
JhxhrxksfoUne~
bl izdkj ;g izcUk loZ&fpkkd"kZd gSA bl indh

O;qRifkesa Jh'p oklqnso'p JhoklqnsokS r;ks jfrdsfy
dFkk% rkfHk% lesre~A
vc iz'u gksrk gSbl izcUkdk o.kZu dSls gqvk gS\
blds mkjesa ok.kh ,oa oO; :iesa dsfy dyke;
nsork] ok ,oa izokZd Lo;a Jh".k ftudh fpk:ih
dUnjkesa lnk vofLFkr gSa] ftudh bfU;kssads vfk"Bkr`
nsork Jh".k muesa 'kfdk lpkj djrs gSa] ,sls
Jht;nsoth vius b"Vnsodks okx~nsorkds :iesa fu:fir
dj jgs gSaA vr,o bl dkO;dh jpukesa Jh".kdk gh
dkZ`Ro gSA
Jht;nsods fpk&lesa leLr yhyk, fp=iVdh
Hkkfr laxzfFkr gaSA fp=dkjds n;esa tks LQwk gksrh gS
vkSj fp=Qydesa tks mfnr gksrk gS ogh fp=:iesa cu
tkrk gS] mlh izdkj ;g dsfyfp=.k Jht;nsothdh ys[kuh
ij vfkf"Br gksdj vafdr gqvk gSA dfodk fpk:ih
l foy{k.k gS rFkk fofp= dfork:ih egkkudk Hk.Mkj
gS vkSj Jhjkkkekkods dsfy&pfj=ksals fpf=r gSA dfodh
ok.kh vkSj eu Hkh ekko ijk;.k gSA vr% fut
dkZ`Rodk muds }kjk ifjR;kx dj fn;k x;k gSA
vc iqu% iz'u gksrk gS fd ;g lc gksusij Hkh ,slh
fp=.k&'kf dgkls vkbZ\ blds mkjesa dgrs gSaJh
t;nsothdh dkf;dh&o`fk Jhjkkkijk;.kk vFkkZr~ Jhjkkkthdh
izsj.kk gh mudh bfU; 'kf gSA Jhjkkk fdl izdkj muesa
vofLFkr gSa\ mkjesaJhjkkkth ikorh gaSA ia djs
vfLr ;L;k% lk;g ikorh 'kCndh O;qRifk gS vFkkZr~
ftlds gkFkesa dey fo|eku gS] os Jhjkkkth gh ikorh
gSaA bu Jhjkkkthds pj.kdeyksadh izkfIrdh ykylkls
pkj.k pokhZukZd&Js"B uV&lkoZHkkSe Jht;nsoth viuh
11
ok.kh:ih u`R;&dykds }kjk lnk mudh vkjkkukesa rRij

gaSA bl izlls ;g Hkko Hkh O; gks jgk gS fd
dfojktth izkku :ils Jhjkkkthds mikluk&ijk;.k gaSA
,d vkSj Hkh xw<+ jgL; gS fd egkdfo Jht;nsothdh
iRuhdk uke Hkh ikorh gSA os Jhjkkkekko ;qxydh
mPpdksfVdh iszee;h vkjkfkdk gSaA mu Jhikorhthds
izfr Hkh egkdfo viuh rKrk izdk'k dj jgs gSaA
izLrqr 'yksdesa fpk rFkk ldk vHksn :i gksusls
:idkykj gS rFkk vuqKkykj HkhA olUrfrydk NUn]
vkst xq.k] xkSM+h;k jhfr] Hkkjrh o`fk rFkk laHkkfork xhfr
gS
;fn gfjLej.ks ljla euks

;fn foykldyklq dqrwgye~A
ekqjdkseydkUrinkoyha
k`.kq rnk t;nsoljLorhe~
vUo;;fn gfjLej.ks (Jh".kfpUrus) eu% ljla
(jlor~] fLuXkfefr ;kor~) dkZqfePNs%_ rFkk ;fn
foykldyklq xfrLFkkukluknhuka eq[kus=kfndeZ.kke~A rkRdkfy&
dUrq oSf'k"Va foykl% fiz;lte~ bR;qTToyuhyef.k%A
rkRdkfyda nf;rkyksdukfnHkoe~A (Jh".kjfrizls"kq jkl&
dqtkfnyhyk;k% dyklq oSnXkhpk#ps"Vklq bR;FkZ%) dqrwgya
(dkSrqda) L;kr~] rnk (rg) ekqjdkseydkUrinkoyha
(k`kjjlizkkkU;kr~ ekqjk ekkq;Zxq.k;qk% dkseyk% ljlk%
rFkk xs;Rokr~ dkUrk% euksKk% inkuke~ vkoY;% i~;%
;L;ka rkn`'kha) t;nso&ljLorha (t;nsook.kha rRrizcUkfefr
;kor~) k`.kq
12
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vuqokngs Jksrkvksa! ;fn Jhgfjds pfj=dk fpUru

djrs gq, vkiyksxksadk eu ljl vuqjkxe; gksrk gS rFkk
mudh jkl&fogkjkfn foykl&dykvkssadh lqpk# pkrq;Ze;h
ps"Vkds fo"k;esa vkids n;esa dqrwgy gksrk gS rks eukssgj
lqekqj e`nqy rFkk deuh; dkfUrxq.kokys inlewg ;q
dfo t;nsodh bl xhrkoyhdks Hkf&Hkkols Jo.kdj
vkuUnesa fueXu gks tk,A
i|kuqokn
;fn gfj&fpUru&jl vkrqj eu] ;fn jfr&Hkko gqyklsA
rks ekq dkseydkUr inkofy] lquks] LoxZ&lq[k Hkkls
ckycksfkuhbl izcUk&dkO;dh jpuk djusesa viuh
;ksX;rk izkIr djrs gq, fl vFkkZr~ izfrKkr vFkZds fy,
dfods euesa dksbZ [ksn ;k fo"kkn ugha jgk gSA dnkfpr~
eUncqf ijk;.k O;f blesa Jk u j[ks] blfy, bl
egkdkO;ds vuq'khyuesa vfkdkjhdk fu'p; fd;k x;k
gSA
gs Hkx.k! ;fn Jh".kds fujUrj Lej.kls eu
fLuXk gks tkrk gS rFkk mudh jkl&fogkj dqt&foykl
(f;kssads gko&Hkko fo'ks"kdk uke foykl gS] xeukfndh
f;kvksadks Hkh foykl dgk tkrk gS)] yhyk&pkrqjh]
fonXk&ekkqjh vkfn pk#&ps"Vkvksads fo"k;esa euesa dkSrwgy
ijk;.krk gksrh gks rks k`kj jlds o.kZu djusokys dfo
t;nsothdh bl ekqj ok.khdk Jo.k djsaA
oLrqr% fdlhdks lkekU; gfj%Lej.kls vkSj fdlhdks
Jhgfjdh fof'k"V jklkfn yhykds voyksduls ijkuUndh
vuqHkwfr gksrh gSA vc ;g dkO; dSlk gS\ blds mkjessa
dgrs gSa;g dkO; k`kj&jl izkku vkSj vfr ekqj gSA
bldk vFkZ lgt vkSj ckskxE; gSA bl dkO;ds in
vfr'k; ekkq;Z xq.kksisr&dksey o.kZuksals xzfFkr rFkk je.kh;
13
gSa_ D;ksafd os jkkk".kdh dkfUr uked xq.kls ;q gSa]

tSlsdkUrk dkUrdh vfr'k; fiz;k gksrh gS] oSls gh ;g
deuh; inkoyh Hktuksadks vfr'k; fiz; gSA blls
bldks lhrkRedrk rFkk xs;rk izkIr gSA bls ekqj
d.Bls xk;k tkuk pkfg,A
izkphu vykj'kkf;ksaus ekkq;Z uked xq.kdks nks
izdkjdk cryk;k gS
'kCnkfJr vkSj vFkkZfJrA okD;xr i`Fkd~inRodks
'kCnkfJr ekkq;Z dgrs gSa rFkk mfdh fofp=rkdks
vFkZxr ekkq;Z dgrs gSaA ;s nksuksa izdkjds ekkq;Z bl
dkO;esa n`f"Vxkspj gksrs gSaA 'kCn vkSj vFkZxr dkseyrk
Hkh bl dkO;esa ik;h tkrh gSA
bu i|ksaesa vfHkks;] iz;kstu rFkk vfkdkjhdk fu:i.k
gqvk gSA Jhjkkkekkodh jg%dsfy vfHkks; gS] izfrik|
Jhjkkkekko gSa vkSj izfriknd xzUFk gSA ;g Lek;Z&Lekjd
lEcUk gSA Jhjkkkekkodh dsfy&yhykdk Jo.k dhkZu
djrs gq, vuqeksnutfur vkuUndk vuqHko vkSj blessa
foHkkfor vUr%dj.kokys oS".ko gh blds vfkdkjh gSaA
bl i|esa nhidkykj] ikpkyh jhfr] dSf'kdh o`fk
rFkk qrfoyfEcr NUn gSA
okp% iYyo;R;qekifrkj% lUnHkZ'kq fxjka]

tkuhrs t;nso,o 'kj.k% 'yk?;ks nq:g&qrsA
k`kjkskj&lRizes;&
jpuSjkpk;Z&xksoZu&
LihZ dksfi u foJqr% Jqfrkjks kks;h dfo&{ekifr%
vUo;mekifrkj% (rkkek dfo%) okp% (okD;kfu)
iYyo;fr] (foLrkj;fr_ lUnHksZ okxkM+Ecja izn'kZ;fr] u rq
dkO;xq.k;qk% djksfr) 'kj.k% (rkkek dfo%) nq:gqrs
14
JhxhrxksfoUne~
(nq:gL; nqoksZ kL; lUnHkZL; qrs 'kh?kzopus) 'yk?;% (iz'kaluh;%)

urq izlknkfnxq.k;qs_ k`kjkskjlRizes;jpuS% (k`kjkskjkf.k
k`kj&jlizkkukfu lfUr mR"Vkfu ;kfu izes;kf.k izcUkk%
rs"kka jpuS%) dksfi dfo% vkpk;Z&xksoZu&LihZ rsu
rqY;%) u foJqr% (u Kkr%) urq jlkUrj&o.kZus_ rFkk
dfo&{ekifr% (dfojkt%) kks;h (rkkek dfo%) Jqfrkj%
(JqR;k Jo.kek=s.kSo vH;kldkkZ bR;FkZ%) urq Lo;a
dforkjpuk;ke~_ ijUrq t;nso ,o uRoU;% dksfi
dfo% fxjka (okpka) lUnHkZ'kq (fo'kqxzUFkua) tkuhrs
vFkok nSU;ksffj;e~fxjka lUnHkZ'kq d t;nso ,o
tkuhrs \ u tkuhrs ,o_ ;= mekifrkjks okp%
iYyo;rhR;kfn
vuqoknmekifr kj uked dksbZ fo[;kr dfo
viuh ok.khdks vuqizklkfn vykjds }kjk lqlfTtr djrs
gSaA 'kj.k ukeds dfo vR;Ur fDy"V inksaesa dforkdk
foU;kldj iz'kalkds ik= gq, gSaA lkekU; uk;d&ukf;dkds
o.kZuesa dsoy k`kj jldk mRd"kZ o.kZu djusesa xksoZuds
leku nwljk dksbZ dfo Jqfrxkspj ugha gqvk gSA dfojkt
kks;h rks Jqfrkj gSaA os tks dqN Hkh lqurs gSa] d.BLFk dj
ysrs gSaA tc ,sls&,sls egku~ dfo loZxq.klEik ugha gks
lds] fQj t;nso dfodk dkO; fdlizdkj loZxq.klEik
gks ldrk gS\
ckycksfkuhdfo t;nsothus vfr nSU;&fou; opuksads
}kjk Lo;adks ikorh Jhjkkkjkuhds pj.kdeyksadk pkj.k
pokhZ dgdj viuk ifjp; fn;k gS] mlh vkos'kesa
vU; dfo;ksadh fr;ksaesa izkr Hkko vFkok gs;rkdh
miyfCk dj vius dkO;esa izkS<+rk vFkkZr~ xkEHkh;Zdk
foLrkj djrs gq, dgrs gSaegkjkt y{e.klsudh lHkkesa
Ng iz[;kr fo}ku FksA () mekifrkj uked dfo jktk
15
y{e.klsuds vekR; Fks] os dsoy viuh ok.khdk foLrkj

ek= djuk tkurs Fks] muds dkO;esa ok~ekkq;Z rFkk
'kCnkFkZ xq.kksadk vHkko gksrk FkkA mUgksaus ok.khdks
'kk[kk&iz'kk[kkvksaesa iYyfor rks fd;k] ijUrq xzk ugha
cuk ik;s Fks] Qyr% mudk dkO; ln; Lo:ik knd
vFkkZr~ vkuUnnkf;uh u gksdj dsoy fp=dksfVds dkO;esa
lfkfo"V gksrk FkkA () 'kj.k ukeds dfo nq:g rFkk
'kh?kzrkiwoZd dforkdk iz.k;u djusds fy, iz[;kr FksA os
yksdfiz; rks gq,] ijUrq mudk Hkh dkO; xw<kFkZRokfn
nks"kksals ;q ,oa izlknkfn xq.kksals jfgr gksrk FkkA ()
xksoZukpk;Z y{e.klsudh lHkkds rhljs if.Mr FksA k`kj&jl
tks e'k% vU;kU; jlksals Js"B gS,sls mlds vkyEcu
Lo:i lkkkj.k uk;d&ukf;dkds o.kZu djusesa vkpk;Z
xksoZudk dksbZ izfrLikhZ ugha gqvkA ijUrq os jlkUrj
vFkkZr~ nwljs&nwljs jlksadk o.kZu djusesa leFkZ ugha gks ldsA
muds dkO;esa funksZ"k vFkZdk lfkos'k gksrk FkkA ()
Jqfrkj uked dfo rks vius xq.kksads dkj.k gh izfl
FksA os dsoy ,dckj lqudj gh dkO;dks ;kn dj ysrs
FksA () kks;h dfo viuh dfojktdh izFkkls izfl FksA
xzUFkds vfkdkjh cu rks tkrs Fks] ijUrq Lo;a dforkdk
fuekZ.k ugha dj ikrs FksA () y{e.klsudh lHkkds NBs
dfo t;nso FksA ok.khdh 'kqf dsoy Hkxoku~~ds uke]
:i] xq.k ,oa yhyk vkfnds o.kZuls gksrh gSA bl
ok.kh&'kkskudh izFkk ,dek= dfo t;nso gh tkurs gSaA
Jhekxoresa Jhukjnth dg jgs gSa^^r}kx~ folxksZ
turk?kfoIYkoks**A
vFkok dfous Lo;a nSU; izdV fd;k gS] rnuqlkj bl
'yksddk HkkokFkZ gksxk fd D;k ok.khdh 'kqf dfo
t;nso tkurs gSa\ ugha] os ugha tkursA
16
JhxhrxksfoUne~
mekifr ok.khdk foLrkjdj ldrs gSa] 'kj.k dfo

nq:g okD;ksadks 'kh?kz jfpr djusds fy, izfl gSa]
vkpk;Z xksoZuds leku dksbZ dfo gqvk gh ugha] kks;h
dfojkt gSa] Jqfrkj rks Jqfrkj gh gSa] ijUrq t;nso dfo
dqN ugha tkursA
jletjhdkj y{e.klsudh lHkkds ikp dfo;ksadks gh
Lohdkj djrs gSa vkSj os ^Jqfrkj%* indks dfo&fo'ks"kdh
laKk u ekudj mls kks;h dfodk gh fo'ks"k.k ekurs gSaA
bl fo"k;esa mudk dguk gS fd kks;h dfo rks fdlh
dkO;dks ,d ckj lquus ek=ls gh mls d.BLFk dj ysrs
gSAa
ok.khdh vfk"Bk=h nsoh ljLorhthus izekf.kr fd;k
gS fd iwoksZ HkkokFkZ gh Bhd gSA Hkxoku~~dh yhykvksads
o.kZuds dkj.k ;g jpuk leLr izdkjds dkO;ksaesa Js"B gSA
;g xhfr&dkO; vfr egRoiw.kZ] ljl] xksiuh; ,oa ekqj
gSA
bl 'yksdesa 'kknwZy fohfM+r NUn rFkk leqPp;kykj
gS
vFk izFke% lUnHkZ%A
v"Vinh
xhre~
ekyoxkSM+jkxs.k :idrkysu p xh;rsizcUk%
izy;i;ksfktys k`rokufl osna

fofgrofg=pfj=e[ksne~ A
ds'ko k`r&ehu'kjhj
t; txnh'k gjskzqoine~
17
f{kfrjfrfoiqyrjs fr"Bfr ro i`"Bs

kjf.k&kj.kfd.k&pxfj"Bs A
ds'ko
k`r&dweZ'kjhj
t;
txnh'k
gjs
olfr n'kuf'k[kjs kj.kh ro yXuk
'kf'kfu dydyso fueXukA
ds'ko
k`r&'kwdj:i
t;
txnh'k
gjs
ro djdeyojs u[keqrkè~
nfyrfgj.;df'kiq&ruqHkè~A
ds'ko
k`r&ujgfj:i
t;
txnh'k
gjs
Ny;fl foe.ks cfyeqrokeu
in&u[k&uhj&tfurtuikouA
ds'ko
k`r&okeu:i
t;
txnh'k
gjs
{kf=;&#fkje;s txnixr&ikie~
Lui;fl i;fl 'kfer&Hkorkie~A
ds'ko
k`r&Hk`xqifr:i
t;
txnh'k
gjs
forjfl fn{kq j.ks fnDifr&deuh;a
n'keq[k&ekSfy&cfya je.kh;e~A
ds'ko
k`r&jke'kjhj
t;
txnh'k
gjs
ogfl oiqf"k fo'kns olua tynkHke~
gygfr&Hkhfr&fefyr&;equkHke~A
ds'ko
k`r&gykj:i
t;
txnh'k
gjs
18
JhxhrxksfoUne~
fuUnfl ;K&foksjgg Jqfrtkre~

ln;&n; n'kri'kq?kkre~A
ds'ko
k`r&cq'kjhj
t;
txnh'k
gjs
EysPN&fuogfukus dy;fl djokya
kwedsrqfeo fdefi djkye~A
ds'ko
k`r&dfYd'kjhj
t;
txnh'k
gjs
Jht;nsodosfjneqfnreqnkje~
k`.kq lq[kna 'kqHkna Hkolkje~A
ds'ko
k`r&n'kfok:i
t;
txnh'k
gjs
osnkuqjrs txfUr ogrs Hkwxksyeqf}Hkzrs
nSR;a nkj;rs cfya Ny;rs {k={k;a dqoZrsA
ikSyLra t;rs gya dy;rs dk#.;ekrUors
EysPNku~ ewPNZ;rs n'kkfrrs ".kk; rqH;a ue%
izy;i;ksfktys k`rokufl osna
fofgrofg=pfj=e[ksne~ A
ds'ko k`r&ehu'kjhj
t; txnh'k gjskzqoine~
vUo;gs ds'ko! gs k`r&ehu'kjhj! (Lohr&eRL;&
dysoj) Roa izy;i;ksfktys (dYikUrlkxj&lfyys) fofgr&
ofg=pfj=e~ (fofgra Lohre~ voyfEcrfefr ;kor~ ofg=L;
v.kZoiksrL; pfj=a O;ogkjks ;fLeu~ r|Fkk L;kr~ rFkk)
v[ksna (vuk;kla ;Fkk L;kr~ rFkk) osna k`rokufl (jf{krokufl)
vr% gs txnh'k] gs gjs] (gjfr Hkkuke'ks"kDys'kfefr
gfj% rRlEcqkS) Roa t; (loksZRd"ksZ okZLo)
19
vuqokngs txnh'oj! gs gjs! ukSdk (ty;ku) tSls

fcuk fdlh [ksnds lg"kZ lfyyfLFkr fdlh oLrqdk mkj
djrh gS] oSls gh vkius fcuk fdlh ifjJeds fueZy
pfj=ds leku izy; tyfkesa eRL;:iesa vorh.kZ gksdj
osnksadks kkj.kdj mudk mkj fd;k gSA gs eRL;korkjkkjh
JhHkxoku~~! vkidh t; gksA
i|kuqokn
t; txnh'k gjs!
izy;&tyfkls ukS le U;kjs
osn
mckjs] gkL;&lokjsA
ds'ko eRL; Lo:i ylss] t; txnh'k gjs
ckycksfkuhJhjkkkekkodh yhykekkqjhdh loksRZ d"kZrkdk
o.kZu djuk gh dfo t;nsodks vfHkizsr gSA os xzUFkds
vkjEHkesa îzy;i;ksfktys* 'yksdls ysdj bl v"Vinhds
vUrrd leLr vorkjksads ewy vkJ;&Lo:i vf[ky
uk;d f'kjksef.k Jh".kds eRL;kfn vorkjksadk o.kZu dj
jgs gSaA ;g v"Vinh ekyo xkSM+ jkxesa rFkk :id rkyls
xk;h tkrh gSA
ekyoxkSM+ jkxdk Lo:i bl izdkj gS
furfEcuhpqfEcroD=i%] 'kqd|qfr% dq.Myoku~ izek%A
lhr'kkyka izfo'ku~ iznks"ks] ekykkjks
ekyojkxjkt%
furfEcuh ukf;dkds }kjk pqfEcr eq[kdeyokyk]
'kqdds leku gfjr&o.kZdh dkfUrokyk] dkuksaesa dq.My
rFkk xysesa ekyk igus gq,] enek] jkxksadk jktk ekyo
lhr'kkykesa izos'k djrk gSA bl v"Vinhdk rky :id
gSA tSlsvUresa fojke vkSj qr nksuksads feyuesa foy{k.kk
:id rky gksrk gSA
bl v"Vinhesa JhHkxoku~ds fy, pkj lEcksku gSaA
igyk lEcksku gS ^ds'ko*A Hkxoku~dks dbZ dkj.kksals
^ds'ko* dgk tkrk gS
20
JhxhrxksfoUne~
() ojkgorkjesa Hkxoku~~ds tks cky fxjs] os dq'k

:iesa vqfjr gq,A osn&fofgr ;Kkfn f;kdykiksaesa
dq'kdh vko';drk gksrh gSA fcuk dq'kds os dk;Zdyki
lEik ugha gksrsA blfy, Hkxoku~ ds'ko dgyk;sA ()
^ds'kk}ksU;rjL;ke*bl ikf.kuh; lw=ds vuqlkj ds'k
'kCnls izfl vFkZesa ô* izR;; gksdj ds'ko 'kCn curk
gSA () JhHkxoku~~ds }kn'k O;wgksaesa ^ds'ko&O;wg*dk loZizFke
LFkku gSA () bl ^ds'ko* ukedh O;k[;k djrs gq,
Hkxoq.k niZ.kdkj dgrs gSaîz'kLrfLuXkuhydqfVydqUry%*
vFkkZr~ ^ds'ko*;g Hkxoku~~dk uke mu Hkxoku~~ds iz'kLr
dkys vkSj ?kq?kjkys ckyksaokyk crykrk gSA () ^ds'ko%
dks czk bZ'k'p rkofi o;rs iz'kLrhfr* vFkkZr~ dczk]
bZ'kegknso nksuksads fu;ked ;k 'kklddks ds'ko dgrs
gSaA () ^ds'kku~ o;rs* xksfi;ksads ds'k&laLdkj djusokys
jfld'ks[kj Jh".k gh ^ds'ko* dgykrs gSaA () ds'kh
uked nSR;dk lagkj djusokys ds'ko gSaA
^k`rehu'kjhj*;g Hkxoku~d
~ k nwljk lEcksku gSA JhHkxoku~~
lUrtuksads ifj=k.k vkSj ikfi;ksads fouk'k gsrq fofok
:iksaesa vorfjr gksrs gSaA muds vla[; vorkjksaesals n'k
izkku gSaA mu n'k vorkjksaesa eRL;korkj loZizFke vorkj
gSA bl vorkjesa JhHkxoku~~us osnksads vigj.kdkkZ g;xzhodk
ckdj osnksadk mkj fd;k FkkA
;s ehu vorkj ohHkRl jlds vfk"Bkrk gSaA
^txnh'k*bl rhljs lEckskudk vfHkizk; ;g gS fd
JhHkxoku~~ lEiw.kZ txr~ vkSj izfrds bZ'oj gSaA os lEiw.kZZ
txr~dh l`f"V] fLFkfr ,oa ikyudk fu;eu djrs gSa rFkk
txr~ds Hkhrj vUr;kZeh :iesa fLFkr gksdj mldk fu;eu
djrs gSaA txnh'k 'kCnls Hkxoku~~dh d#.kk Hkh izdV gksrh
gSA
21
^gjs*bl prqFkZ lEckskudk rkRi;Z ;g gS fd Hkxoku~~

Hkksads v'ks"k izdkjds d"Vksadks gj.k djusokys gSagjfr
Hkkuka Dys'ke~A blh gsrq mudk vorkj gksrk gSA
bu pkj lEckskuksads }kjk dfojktus JhHkxoku~~ds izfr
vfr'k; vknj izn'kr fd;k gSA
t;] vFkkZr~ gs izHkks! vki vius mRd"kZdk vkfo"dkj
djusesa flgLr gSa] vki bl mRd"kZdks izdV djsaA
t; txnh'k gjs;g iaf izR;sd inds lkFk vko`k
djds xk;h xbZ gS] vr,o bls kzqo&in dgk tkrk
gS^kzqoRokPp kzqoks Ks;%*A ;g kzqo&in vUresa iz;q gksrk
gSA
bl v"Vinhesa Hkxoku~~ Jhds'kods eRL;korkjds pfj=dk
o.kZu fd;k x;k gSA bl izFke vorkjesa Jh".kus
izy;dkyhu egklkxjds vxkk tyesa osnksadks kkj.k fd;k
rFkk Lo;a vius lhaxls ukSdkdks xzg.k djds mlesa lEiw.kZ
izdkjds chtksa rFkk euq lfgr lIr"k;ksadks izy;dky rd
kkj.k dj fcuk iz;klds gh mudk ogu djrs gq, mudh
j{kk dhA bl vorkjesa mUgksaus lR;ozr eqfudh Hkh j{kk
dh FkhA vr,o eRL;korkjkkjh Hkxoku~~ ds'kodh t;
gksA
izLrqr inesa oZekxkh jhfr] miek vkSj vfr'k;ksf
vykj] mRlkg uked LFkk;h&Hkko rFkk ohjjl gSA
eRL;korkjdks ohHkRl jldk vfk"Bkrk Hkh dgk x;k
gS
f{kfrjfrfoiqyrjs fr"Bfr ro i`"Bs

kjf.k&kj.kfd.k&pxfj"Bs A
ds'ko
k`r&dweZ'kjhj
t;
txnh'k
gjs
22
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vUo;gs ds'ko! gs k`rdPNi:i! (Lohr&dPNi

&foxzg) f{kfr% (esfnuh) kjf.k&kj.k&fd.kp&xfj"Bs (kj.;k%
kj.ksu cgusu ;r~ fd.kpa dfBuh&Hkwrod~lewg%) rsu
xfj"Bs lqn`<+s foiqyrjs (vfrfo'kkys) ro i`"Bs fr"Bfr_ gs
txnh'k] gs gjs] Roa t; (loksZRd"ksZ.k okZLo)
vuqokngs dsf'kfulwnu! gs txnh'k! gs gjs! vkius
dweZ:i vhdkj dj vius fo'kky i`"Bds ,d izkUresa
i`Fohdks kkj.k fd;k gS] ftlls vkidh ihB oz.kds fpksals
xkSjokfUor gks jgh gSA vkidh t; gks
i|kuqokn
jkftr i`"Bs fut f{kfr foiqyk]
kj.kh kj.k&fd.k vfr cgqyk]
ds'ko dPNi :i yls] t; txnh'k gjs
ckycksfkuhv"Vinhds f}rh; 'yksdesa JhHkxoku~ds
dPNikorkjdk o.kZu fd;k gSA vkius bl i`Foh (eUnjkpy)
dks ek= vkd"kr gh ugha fd;k vfirq viuh ihBij
kkj.k djrs gq, LFkkiu fd;k gSA dPNikorkj kkj.k
djds JhHkxoku~ i`Fohds uhps fo|eku gSa vkSj i`Fohdh
vis{kk vR;fkd fo'kky muds i`"Bij ;g Hkwe.My ,d
xsandh Hkkfr vofLFkr gSA
i`Fohds kkj.k djusls muds i`"Bij ?kko&fp tky&lk
cu x;k gSA ;g oz.k&fp&tky vkidk vykj gh gSA
vkidh t; gksA
t; txnh'k gjs! eq[kcUkdh Hkkfr ;g lEiqV lEiw.kZ
v"Vinhls la;ksftr gS
olfr n'kuf'k[kjs kj.kh ro yXuk

'kf'kfu dydyso fueXukA
ds'ko
k`r&'kwdj:i
t;
txnh'k
gjs
23
vUo;gs ds'ko! gs k`r&'kwdj:i! (Lohr&ojkg&

foxzg) ro n'kuf'k[kjs (nUrkxzs) yXuk (vofLFkrk) kj.kh
(i`fFkoh] yksdkkj.kd;zfZ i)_ 'kf'kfu (pUs) fueXuk dydyk
(dyjs[kk) bo olfr (vofr"Brs)_ gs txnh'k] gs gjs]
Roa t; (loksZRd"ksZ.k okZLo)
vuqokngs txnh'k! gs ds'ko! gs gjs! gs ojkg:ikkjh!
ftl izdkj pUek vius Hkhrj dyds lfgr lfEefyr
:ils fn[kkbZ nsrk gS] mlh izdkj vkids nkrkasds ij
i`Foh vofLFkr gS
i|kuqokn
n'ku vxz kj.kh ;g yXuk]
'kksfHkr pU dy fueXukA
ds'ko lwdj&:i yls] t; txnh'k gjs
ckycksfkuhv"Vinhds r`rh; inesa Hkxoku~~dh Lrqfr
dh x;h gSA Hkxoku~~ i`Fohdks kkj.k djrs gSa] bruk gh
ugha] lEkLr pjkpjdks kkj.k djusokyh i`Fohdks vius
nkrkasij vofLFkr dj pyrs Hkh gSaA l`f"Vds izkjEHkesa
fgj.;k{k tc chtHkwrk i`Fohdk vigj.k djds jlkryesa
pyk x;k Fkk] rks JhHkxoku~~us ojkg:i kkj.k fd;k vkSj
izy;dkyhu tyds Hkhrj izfo"V gksdj vius nkrksads
vxzHkkxij i`Fohdks mBkdj ij ys vk;s rFkk vius
lR;lYi:ih ;ksxcyds }kjk mls tyds ij LFkkfir
fd;kA ftl le; Hkxoku~~ vius nkrksads vxzHkkxij
i`Fohdks mBkdj yk jgs Fks] ml le; muds mTToy
nkrksads ij i`Foh ,sls lq'kksfHkr gks jgh Fkh] ftl izdkj
pUekds Hkhrj mlds chpesa mldh dkfyek lq'kksfHkr
gksrh gSA dfous Hkxoku~~ds nkrksadks ckypUekdh miek
nsdj muds nkrksads egnkdkjRo rFkk kj.khds vYikdkjRodks
lwfpr fd;k gSA kj.kh dy dykor~ fueXuk gSA fuEkXu
24
JhxhrxksfoUne~
'kCnls ojkgnso Hk;kud jlds vfk"Bkrk :iesa izdkf'kr

gksrs gSaA bl inesa miek vykj gSA gs 'kwdj:i kkfj.k!
vkidh t; gks
ro djdeyojs u[keqrkè~
nfyrfgj.;df'kiq&ruqHkè~A
ds'ko
k`r&ujgfj:i
t;
txnh'k
gjs
vUo;gs ds'ko! gs k`r&ujgfj:i! (u`lg:ikj)
rc dj&deyojs (ikf.kit&Js"Bs) vqrkà (vqra
kè~ vxza ;L; rkn`'ka) nfyr&fgj.;df'kiq&ruq&Hkà
(nfyrk fonkfjrk fgj.;df'kiks% vlqjjktL; ;k ruq%
'kjhja lk ,o Hk`% ;su rFkkHkwra) u[ka 'kksHkrs bfr 'ks"k%]
vfrdkseysu djdey&dsljs.k lqn`<+&nSR;nsg:iHk`nyue~
vn`"Vpje~_ vr,o vqre~ gs txnh'k] gs gjs] Roa t;
(loksZRd"ksZ.k okZLo)
vuqokngs txnh'oj! gs gjs! gs ds'ko! vkius
u`lg :i kkj.k fd;k gSA vkids Js"B djdeyesa
u[k:ih vqr k` fo|eku gS] ftlls fgj.;df'kiqds
'kjhjdks vkius ,sls fonh.kZ dj fn;k tSls Hkzej iq"idk
fonkj.k dj nsrk gS] vkidh t; gks
i|kuqokn
vEcqt dj [kj u[kls vius]
fgj.;df'kiqds gj lc liusA
ds'ko ujgfj&:i yls] t; txnh'k gjs
ckycksfkuhpkSFks i|esa Jht;nsothus u`lgkorkjds
:iesa Hkxoku~~dk Lrou fd;k gSA nq%[kdkrj Hkxoku~~
Jh".k Lo;a d"V Lohdkj dj ysrs gSa] ij nwljksadk nq%[k
lgu ugha dj ikrsA fnfriq= fgj.;df'kiqus vius iq=
25
egkHkkxor izknij vR;kpkj fd;k rks Hkxoku~~us u`lg

os'kesa ml egknSR;ds o{k%LFkydks fut u[kls fonh.kZdj
mudh j{kk dhA gs ujgfj :i kkj.k djusokys ds'ko!
vkids Js"B djdeyesa u[k leqnk; ,d Js"B deyds
vxzHkkxds leku gSa] muesa vfr rh{.krk gSA ;g u[k
leqnk; vfr vqr] igkM+dh pksVhds leku vfr
vk'p;Ztud gSA deykxz:i bu u[kksadk ;g oSf'k"V gS
fd vU; deyds vxzHkkxksadks rks Hkzej fonh.kZ djrs gSa]
ijUrq vkids djdeyksads vxzHkkxus rks nSR;:ih Hkzejdk
gh nyu dj fn;k gSA fo'odks"kesa k` 'kCndk vFkZ
ctkus okyk fo"kk.k] mRd"kZ ,oa vxzHkkx gSA Hkzejds
mnkgj.kls ".k&o.kZRodks Hkh lwfpr fd;k x;k gSA ;g
:id vykj gSA Jhu`lg :idks okRlY;jldk vfk"Bku
ekuk tkrk gS
Ny;fl foe.ks cfyeqrokeu

in&u[k&uhj&tfurtuikouA
ds'ko
k`r&okeu:i
t;
txnh'k
gjs
vUo;gs ds'ko! gs k`rokeu:i! (okeu:ikj) gs
in&u[k&uhj&tfur&tu&ikou (inu[k&uhjs.k inu[kkswrsu
xktysu tfura tukuka ikoua ifo=rk ;su) gs vqrokeu!
(viwoZokeuewkkkfju~)] foe.ks (ikn=;su f=Hkqoukes.k)
cy (nkuoifre~ vfrnkr`Roxo.ka) Ny;fl (izrkj;fl)A
gs txnh'k] gs gjs] Roa t;
vuqokngs lEiw.kZ txrds Lokfeu~! gs Jhgjs! gs
ds'ko! vki okeu :i kkj.kdj rhu ix kjrhdh
;kpukdh f;kls cfy jktkdh opuk dj jgs gSaA ;g
yksd leqnk; vkids in&u[k&fLFkr lfyyls ifo= gqvk
gSA gs vqr okeu nso! vkidh t; gks
26
JhxhrxksfoUne~
i|kuqokn
Nfyr uìfr cfy vqr okeu]
inu[k uhj gq, tu ikouA
ds'ko okeu&:i yls] t; txnh'k gjs
ckycksfkuhikpos i|esa okeunsodh Lrqfr dh x;h
gSA jktk cfydh ;K'kkykesa tkdj vkius fHk{kkds Nyls
f=foe:i kkj.kdj ij uhpsds leLr yksd uki fy;s
gSaA Ny;flblesa okZeku dkfyd f;kindk iz;ksx gS]
vFkkZr~ cfydks vius ojnkuls vuqxzghrdj mlds lkFk
ikrkyesa fuokl djrs gSa vkSj vukfn dkyls gh vqr
okeu cudj mls Nyk djrs gSaA inu[k uhj tfur tu
ikouls rkRi;Z gS fd mUgksaus vius in&u[kksals Jhxkdks
;gk izdVdj leLr lalkjdks ikou fd;k gSA czkthus
i`Foh ukirs le; Hkxoku~~ds pj.kksadks czyksdesa ns[kdj
v?;Z p<+k;kA ogh ty Jhxkthds :iesa ifj.kr gks
x;kA vkidh t; gksA bl i|esa vqr jl gS] ;gkij
JhHkxoku~~ l[; jlds vfk"Bkrk :iesa izdkf'kr gq,
gSa
{kf=;&#fkje;s txnixr&ikie~
Lui;fl i;fl 'kfer&Hkorkie~A
ds'ko
k`r&Hk`xqifr:i
t;
txnh'k
gjs
vUo;gs ds'ko! gs k`rHk`xiq fr:i! (k`rij'kqjkefoxzg)A
gS;;oa'kh;S#UekxZ&izfLFkrS% uìdqykilnS% lekkkokla firja
eg"k tenfXua fugreoxE; fir` & okke"kZ t dks i kr~
xq#rjij'kqeknk; {kf=;#fkje;s ({k='kksf.kr:is) i;fl
(tys) vixrikie~ (vixrkfu ikikfu ;L; rr~) vr,o
'kfer&Hkorkie~ ('kfer% mi'kerka izkIr% HkoL; lalkjL;
27
rki% lUrkiks ;L; rkn`'ka) txr~ Lui;fl (iz{kky;fl)A gs

txnh'k] gs gjs] Roa t;
vuqokngs txnh'k! gs gjs! gs dsf'kfulwnu! vkius
Hk`xq (ij'kqjke) :i kkj.kdj {kf=;dqydk fouk'k djrs
gq, muds je; lfyyls txrdks ifo= dj lalkjdk
lUrki nwj fd;k gSA gs Hk`xqifr:ikkfju~] vkidh t;
gks
i|kuqokn
ôhj&#fkj* ls kks ikiksadks]
vkSj 'keu dj Hko&rkiksadksA
ds'ko Hk`xqifr&:i yls] t; txnh'k gjs
ckycksfkuhNBosa i|esa Jhij'kqjke vorkjdh Lrqfr
dh gS] gs izHkks! Hk`xqifr:i kkj.kdj vkius ,dckj ugha]
bdrhl ckj czk.kfo}s"kh {kf=;ksadk fouk'kdj muds
#fkjls fuer ljksojdks dq#{ks=dk n rhFkZ cuk fn;k gS]
ftlesa Luku djusls leLr txrds izkf.k;ksads ikiksadk
ekspu gksrk gS vkSj lalkjds leLr rkiksals eqf feyrh
gSA Kkudh mRifk gksusls mkkiksadh 'kkfUr gksrh gSA izLrqr
inesa LokHkkfodksf vykj rFkk vqr jl gSA ij'kqjke
vorkjdks jkS jldk vfk"Bkrk ekuk tkrk gSA ;gkrd
Ng i|ksads uk;ddks khjksr uk;d dgk tkrk gS
forjfl fn{kq j.ks fnDifr&deuh;a

n'keq[k&ekSfy&cfya je.kh;e~A
ds'ko
k`r&jke'kjhj
t;
txnh'k
gjs
vUo;gs ds'ko! gs k`r&j?kqifr:i! (Lohr&nk'kjfFk
&nsg) j.ks (;qs) fnd~ifr&deuh;a (fn'kka irhuke~
bUkfnyksdikykuka deuh;a okNuh;a) n'klq fn{kq je.kh;a
28
JhxhrxksfoUne~
('kksHkkdja) n'keq[kekSfyoy (jko.kn'keq.Mksigkja) forjfl

(nnkfl)A gs txnh'k] gs gjs] Roa t;
vuqokngs txr~ Lokfeu~ Jhgjs! gs dsf'kfulwnu!
vkius jke:i kkj.k dj laxzkeesa bUzkfn fnd~ikyksadks
deuh; vkSj vR;Ur euksgj jko.kds fdjhV Hkwf"kr
f'kjksadh cfy n'kfn'kkvksaesa forfjr dj jgs gSaA gs
jkeLo:i! vkidh t; gks
i|kuqokn
fnd~ifr dkfUr gqbZ deuh;k]
ik jko.kdh cfy je.kh;kA
ds'ko j?kqifr&:i yls] t; txnh'k gjs
ckycksfkuhlkrosa i|esa Jhjke&Lo:idk o.kZu gqvk
gSA gs izHkks! fiz;k fo;ksxkfn nq%[kdks lgu djusds fy,
vki j?kqdqy fryd Jhjke :iesa vorfjr gq,A Hk;kud
laxzkeesa lalkjdks #ykusokys jko.kds n'k eLrdksadks
vuUrdkyds fy, leir dj fn;k gS vFkkZr~ jko.kds
f'kjksadks dkVdj JhHkxoku~~us fnd~ikyksadks cfy p<+k;k
ftlls fd lalkjesa jk{klksads }kjk c<+s gq, mRikrksadh 'kkfUr
gks tk;A
fnd~ikyksadks jko.kdh cfy vR;Ur vHkh"V FkhA
jko.kdk ok gks tkusls ;g cfy yksdkfHkjke cuhA bl
ckrdks t;nso dfous ^fnd~ifr deuh;e~* ,oa ^je.kh;e~*
bu nks inksads }kjk vfHkO; fd;k gSA fnd~ikyksadh la[;k
n'k gS rFkk jko.kds fdjhV ef.Mr f'kjksadh la[;k Hkh
n'k gh gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd fnd~ikyksadks ;g cfy
vR;Ur deuh; FkhA
nwljksadks m}sx nsusokys jko.kdk lagkjdj Hkxoku~~us
txresa lHkhdk vkuUnoZu fd;k gSA
bl inds uk;d khjksnkk gSaA Hkxoku~~ds jke vorkjesa
d#.k jldk izdk'k gksrk gSA
29
n'keq[k ekSfy cfye~bl indh O;qRifk n'keq[kL;

;s ekSy;k rkU;so cfye~ vFkkZr~ jko.kds fdjhV ef.Mr
f'kj gh cfy gSaA ;|fi ekSfy 'kCn f'kj vkSj fdjhV
nksuksadk okpd gS rFkkfi ekSfy ef.Mr f'kj ;g vFkZ
rVLFk y{k.kds }kjk Lohdkj fd;k tkrk gS
ogfl oiqf"k fo'kns olua tynkHke~

gygfr&Hkhfr&fefyr&;equkHke~A
ds'ko
k`r&gykj:i
t;
txnh'k
gjs
vUo;gs ds'ko! gs k`rgykj:i! (k`rcynso'kjhj!)
Roa fo'kns ('kqHkzs) oiqf"k (nsgs) tynkHka (uo?ku';kea)
vr,o gy&gfr&Hkhfr&fefyr&;equkHka (gyL; ykyL;
gR;k vk?kkrsu ;k Hkhfr% r;k fefyrk iknifrrk 'kj.kkxrk
bfr ;kor~ ;k ;equk rL;k Hkk% izHkkbo Hkk nhfIr;ZL;
rkn`'ka) olua (oa uhykEcjfeR;FkZ%) ogfl (kkj;fl)A gs
vuqokngs txr~ Lokfeu~! gs dsf'kfulwnu! gs gjs!
vkius cynsoLo:i kkj.k dj vfr 'kqHkz xkSjo.kZ gksdj
uohu tynkHk vFkkZr~ uwru es?kksadh 'kksHkkds ln`'k uhy
oL=ksadks kkj.k fd;k gSA ,slk yxrk gS] ;equkth ekuks
vkids gyds izgkjls Hk;Hkhr gksdj vkids oesa fNih
gqbZ gaSA gs gykjLo:i! vkidh t; gks
i|kuqokn
?ku le olu fo'kn ru kkjs]
;equ&rjfr gy&Hk; ekjsA
ds'ko gykj&:i yls t; txnh'k gjs
ckycksfkuhvkBosa inesa Hkxoku~~ds gykkjh Jhcyjke&
Lo:idh Lrqfr dh tk jgh gSA fo'kn oiqcyjkethdk
o.kZ xkSj gS] os 'kqHkz gSaA
30
JhxhrxksfoUne~
tynkHkcyjketh uhy gfjr o.kZdk o kkj.k

djrs gSaA tyls Hkjs ".ko.kZds es?kdks tyn dgrs gSaA
tynL; vkHkk';kek ;L; re~;g tynkHk indk
foxzg gSA tyn "kddks ftl izdkj vkufUnr djrk gS]
mlh izdkj cyjkethds o Hkksadks vkuUn iznku djrs
gSAa
gygfrHkhfr fefyr ;equkHke~gysu ;k gfr% rn~
HkhR;k fefyrk ;k ;equk rL;k vkHkk bo vkHkk ;L;
rr~A Hkxoku~~ dsoy fiz;k&fo;ksxkfn&nq%[k lgu ugha dj
ikrs] ,slk ugha gSA vkius izs;lhds Je:i Dys'kdks nwj
djus gsrq viuh fiz; Hk ;equkthdks vkd"kr fd;k gSA
vkids 'kqHkz dkfUr fof'k"V Jhvesa kkj.k fd;s gq, uhy
oluksals ,slk yxrk gS ekuks vkids gyds izgkjls Hk;Hkhr
gksdj ;equkth vkids uhys lqjE; oksaesa lek x;h gSaA
izLrqr inds uk;d Jhcyjketh khj yfyr uk;d
gSaA bUgsa gkL; jldk vfk"Bkrk ekuk tkrk gS
fuUnfl ;K&foksjgg Jqfrtkre~

ln;&n; n'kri'kq?kkre~A
ds'ko
k`r&cq'kjhj
t;
txnh'k
gjs
vUo;gs ds ' ko! gs ln;&n;! (i'kq " ofi
d#.kke;fpk) k`rcq'kjhj! (cq:ikj! vgg ([ksns)]
n'kr&i'kq?kkra (nSR;eksguk; vglk ijekskeZ bfr n'kr%
i'kq?kkr% ;fLeu~ rFkksa) ;Kfoks% (rqfokkuL;) Jqfrtkra
(i'kquk #a ;tsr bR;kfnda osndkelewga) fuUnflA osnku~
Lo;eso izdk'; Lo;eso rku~ fuUnlhR;qrfeR;FkZ% gs
vuqokngs txnh'oj! gs gjs! gs dsf'kfulwnu! vkius
cq 'kjhj kkj.k dj ln; vkSj ln; gksdj ;K fokkuksa
31
}kjk i'kqvksadh glk ns[kdj Jqfr leqnk;dh fuUnk dh gSA

vkidh t; gks
i|kuqokn
fuUns ;K fu;e Jqfr&exds]
ekus ekuo le i'kq txdsA
ds'ko cq&'kjhj yls] t; txnh'k gjs
ckycksfkuhuosa inesa Hkxoku~~ds cqkorkjdh Lrqfr
dh tk jgh gSA osn JhHkxoku~~ds 'oklLo:i gSa_ ^rL;
fu%'oflra osnk%*A osnksadks Lo;a Hkxoku~~dh vkKkLo:i ekuk
tkrk gSA osn 'kkksaeas tc fojkskh er vFkkZr~ osnksads fo#
fopkj kkjk, c<+us yxha] rc vkius cqkorkj xzg.k fd;kA
;g iz'u gksrk gS fd Lo;a ;K fofkdks cukdj fQj
;K fokkf;dk Jqfr;ksadh D;ksa fuUnk dh\ vR;Ur
vk'p;Zdh ckr gS fd Lo;a gh osnksads izdk'kd gSa vkSj
Lo;a gh osnksadh HkRlZuk dj jgs gSaA
blds mkjesa ^ln; n; n'kr i'kq?kkre~* vFkkZr~
vkius i'kqvksads izfr n;koku~ gksdj vglk ijeks keZ%]
;g mins'k iznkudj nSR;ksadks eksfgr fd;k gSA vkius tSls
ve`rdh j{kk djusds fy, nSR;ksadks eksfgr fd;k Fkk] mlh
izdkj izkf.k;ksadh j{kk djusds fy, vkius nSR;ksadks
eksfgrdj ;Kkssadks vuqfpr cryk;k gSA
;Kesa dh tkusokyh i'kqvksd
a h glkdks ns[kdj JhHkxoku~d
~ s
n;esa n;k izlwr gqbZ vkSj n;k foo'k gksdj vius bl
vorkjesa ;K izfriknd osn 'kkksadh fuUnk dhA
bl inds uk;d khj 'kkUr gSaA Hkxoku~~ cqdks 'kkUr
jldk vfk"Bkrk ekuk x;k gS
EysPN&fuogfukus dy;fl djokya

kwedsrqfeo fdefi djkye~A
ds'ko
k`r&dfYd'kjhj
t;
txnh'k
gjs
32
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vUo;gs ds'ko! gs k`r&dfYd'kjhj! Roa EysPN&

fuogfukus (osn&ckku~ mUekxZizfLFkrku~ nqjkpkjku~ gRok
iquoZ.kkZJe&LFkkiuk;sR;FkZ%) kwedsrfq eo fdefi (vfuoZpuh;e~
vfr'k;feR;FkZ%) djkya (Hkh"k.ka) djokya (vl) dy;fl
(kkj;fl)_ gs txnh'k] gs gjs] Roa t;
vuqokngs txnh'oj Jhgjs! gs dsf'kfulwnu! vkius
dfYd:i kkj.kdj EysPNksadk fouk'k djrs gq, kwedsrqds
leku Hk;j ik.kdks kkj.k fd;k gSA vkidh t;
gks
i|kuqokn
EysPN&uk'k&vfl kjs fo'kkyk]
kwedsrq&le cus djkykA
ds'ko dfYd&:i yls] t; txnh'k gjs
ckycksfkuhn'kosa inesa Hkxoku~~ds dfYd vorkjdh
iz'kalk dh tk jgh gSA fcuk ;q fd;s izkf.k;ksadk lagkj
ugha gksxk] fcuk lagkj fd;s 'kkfUr Hkh ugha vk;sxhA
blfy, vki dfYd :i kkj.kdj EysPNksadk fouk'k djrs
gSaA nq"V euq";ksadk lagkj djusds fy, Hkxoku~~ Hk;j
dky djky :i ryokjdks kkj.k djrs gSaA ^fdefi* inls
dfo }kjk ik.kdh Hk;j Lo:irk fn[kkbZ gSA
kwedsrqfeokwedsrq ,d rkjkfo'ks"kdk uke gSA ftlds
mfnr gksusij egku miodh 'kk dh tkrh gSA Hkxoku~~dk
ik.k:ih kwedsrq EysPNksads veydk lwpd gSA kwedsrq
'kCn vfXudk Hkh okpd gS] ftlls EysPN leqnk;dk
vfu"V lwfpr gksrk gSA
izLrqr inds uk;d khjksr gSaA dfYd Hkxoku~~dks
ohj jldk vfk"Bkrk ekuk tkrk gS
33
Jht;nsodosfjneqfnreqnkje~
k`.kq lq[kna 'kqHkna Hkolkje~A
ds'ko
k`r&n'kfok:i
t;
txnh'k
gjs
vUo;gs ds'ko! gs k`r&n'kfok:i! (Lohrn'kkorkj&
foxzg) gs txnh'k] gs gjs] Roa t; (loksZRd"ksZ.k okZLo)_
rFkk mnkja (egkFkZ;qa) lq[kna (,sfgdkeqf"edijekuUnizna)
'kqHkna (dY;k.kizna) Hkolkja (Hkos lalkjs lkja loksZR"Va_
;n~ ok vorkjk.kka tUeu% lkje~ vkfoHkkZo&jgL;a ;=
rr~) Jht;nsodos% mfnre~ (Hkkf"kra) bna (n'kkorkjLrks=a)
k`.kq] vFkok vf; egkuqHkko Hktu bfr v;kgk;Ze~
vuqokngs txnh'oj! gs Jhgjs! gs dsf'kfulwnu! gs
n'kfck :iksadks kkj.k djusokys Hkxou~! vki eq>
t;nso dfodh vkSnk;Ze;h] lalkjds lkjLo:i] lq[kizn ,oa
dY;k.kizn Lrqfrdks lqusa
i|kuqokn
Jht;nso dfFkr gfj&yhyk]
lquks lq[kn ;g 'kqHk xfr'khykA
ds'ko n'kfok&:i yls] t; txnh'k gjs
ckycksfkuhbl izdkj n'kkorkj Lrqfrds vUresa
egkdfo t;nso izR;sd jlds vfk"Bku Lo:i ,d&,d
vorkjdk t;xku dj vc leLr jlkssads vfkuk;d
Jh".kls fuosnu djrs gSa fd gs n'kfok Lo:i! vkidh
t; gksA
lq[knl|% ijfuo`fkdkjd gksud
s s dkj.k ;g LrqfrdkO;
Jo.kdkyesa gh ijekuUn iznku djusokyk gSA ;g Lrks=
txUeydkjh gS tks fd vkids vkfoHkkZods jgL;ksadks
vfHkO; djusokyk gSA
34
JhxhrxksfoUne~
'kqHkna'kqHknk;h gksusls ijekRekdh izkfIrds leLr

izfrcUkdksadk fouk'k djusokyk gSA
Hkolkje~lalkj:ih lkxjdks ikj djusds ftrus Hkh
lkku gSa] mu lcesa izkku gSA
HkoPNsnd gsrq e;s lkje~;g e;inyksih lekl
^Hkolkje~* inesa tkuuk pkfg,A
t;okZekudkfyd f;kinds }kjk ;g lwfpr gksrk
gS fd Hkxoku~~ds leLr vorkj fuR; ,oa mudh yhyk,
Hkh fuR; gSaA dfous ;g Hkh izekf.kr dj fn;k gS fd
Jh".k lHkh vorkjksads ewy dkj.k gSaA mUghals lHkh
vorkjksadk izkdV gqvk gS] os lHkh :iksaesa lR; gSa]
vr,o iw.kkZorkjh] fuR; yhykfoyklh] n'kkorkj Lo:i]
lokZd"kZd ,oa vkuUn iznkrk vkidh fuR; gh t;
t;dkj gksA mnkk rFkk ljy Hkk"kkesa eSaus vkidh Lrqfr
dh gSA vki bldk Jo.k djsaA vkidk Hk dfo t;nso
vkidks ;g Lrqfr fuosnu dj jgk gSA
izLrqr 'yksdesa 'kkUr jl rFkk i;kZ;ksf vykj
gS
osnkuqjrs txfUr ogrs Hkwxksyeqf}Hkzrs

nSR;a nkj;rs cfya Ny;rs {k={k;a dqoZrsA
ikSyLra t;rs gya dy;rs dk#.;ekrUors
EysPNku~ ewPNZ;rs n'kkfrrs ".kk; rqH;a ue%
bfr JhxhrxksfoUns izFke% lUnHkZ%A
vUo;vkquk los"Z kkeso n'kkorkjk.kka iw.kZi#q "ks Jh".ks
ifj.kr Hkfes.kkgAizy;i;ksfkeXuku~ osnku~ mjrs
ehu:ik; rqH;a]txfUr ogrs (i`"Bns'ksu m}grs) dwe:
Z ik;
rqH;aHkwxksye~ (Hkwe.Mye~) mf}Hkzrs (n'kusu Z~oa rksy;rs)
ojkg:ik; rqH;a]nSR;a (fgj.;df'kiq)a nkj;rs (u[kS% fonkj;rs)
35
u`lg:ik; rqH;a]cy (nSR;s'oja) Ny;rs (op;rs)

okeu:ik; rqH;a]{k={k;a ({kf=;ola) dqorZ s tkenXU;:ik;
rqH;a]ikSyLR;a (jko.ka) t;rs jke:ik; rqH;a]nq"Vneuk;
gya (ykya) dy;rs (kkj;rs) cyHk:ik; rqH;a]EysPNku~
vuk;kZpkjku~ ewPNZ;rs (uk'k;rs) dfYd:ik; rqH;avr,o
n'kkfrrs (n'kkorkj :ikjk;) ".kk; (Lo;a Hkxors
oklqno
s k;) rqH;a ue% ,rs"kkeorkfjRosu Jh".kL; loZjlRoa
fle~A ^^cqks ukjk;.kksiUs kS u`lgks uUnuUnu%A cy% dweLZ rFkk
dYdh jk?koks HkkxZo% fdfj%A ehu bR;srk% dfFkrk% ek}kn'k%
nsork%** bfr Hkfjlke`rflUkkS jlkfk"Bkrkj%
vuqoknosnksadk mkj djusokys] pjkpj txr~dks
kkj.k djusokys] Hkwe.Mydk mkj djusokys] fgj.;df'kiqdks
fonh.kZ djusokys] cfydks Nyusokys] {kf=;ksadk {k; djusokys]
ikSyLr (jko.k) ij fot; izkIr djusokys] gy uked
vk;qkdks kkj.k djusokys] d#.kkdk foLrkj djusokys]
EysPNksadk lagkj djusokysbl n'k izdkjds 'kjhj kkj.k
djusokys gs Jh".k! eSa vkidks ueLdkj djrk gw
ckycksfkuhbl xhrxksfoUn dkO;ds izFke lxZds
izFke izcUkds n'k i|ksaesa dfo t;nsothus Hkxoku~
Jh".kds vorkjksadh euksje yhykvksadk fp=.k fd;k gSA
n'k vorkj Lo:idks izdV djusokys Jh".kus eRL;
:iesa osnksadk mkj fd;k] dweZ :iesa i`Fohdks kkj.k
fd;k] ojkg :iesa i`Fohdk mkj fd;k] u`lg :iesa
fgj.;df'kiqdks fonh.kZ fd;k] okeu :iesa cfydks Nydj
mlss viuk fy;k] ij'kqjke :iesa nq"V {kf=;ksadk fouk'k
fd;k] cyHk :iesa nq"Vksadk neu fd;k] cqds :iesa
d#.kkdk foLrkj fd;k] dfYd :iesa EysPNksadk uk'k
36
JhxhrxksfoUne~
fd;kbl izdkj n'kfok vorkj kkj.k djusokys gs

Hkxoku~ Jh".k! vkidks ueLdkj gS
bfr n'kkorkj dhkkoyks uke izFke% izcUk%A
bl izdkj izFke izcUkesa n'kkorkj Lrks= dhfkZkoy
uked NUn gSA izLrqr izcUkesa ikjLoj] e;ekfn jkx]
vkfn rky] foyfEcr y;] ek;eh jhfr rFkk k`kj jl
gSA blesa oklqnso Hkxoku~ds ;'kdk o.kZu gS
bfr JhxhrxksfoUns izFke% lUnHkZ%A
vFk f}rh; lUnHkZ%A
xhre~
xqTtZjh jkx fu%lkj rkykH;ka xh;rs
vuqoknxqTtZjh jkx rFkk fu%lkj rkyls ;g f}rh;
izcUk xk;k tkrk gSA
xqTtZjh jkx';kek ukf;dkds leku tks 'khrdkyesa
m".k vkSj xzh"edkyesa lq'khry gksrh gS] ftlds Lru;qxy
lE;d~ :is.k dBksj gSa] ftlds inLi'kZ ek=ls v'kksd
o`{kesa vle; gh iq"i izLQqfVr gks tkrs gSa] tks euksgj
ds'kksadks kkj.k djusokyh] ey; r#ojdh dksey iYyoksa}kjk
lqlfTtr 'k;kesa igqprh gSa] Jqfrds nkfguh vksjls Lojksadks
kkj.k djrh gSA blesa fu%lkj rky tSls nks rky qr vkSj
nks rky y?kq gksrs gSaA bldks xqTtZjh jkx dgk tkrk gSA
fJrdeykdqp e.My! k`r&dq.My!

dfyr&yfyr&oueky!
t; t; nso gjskzqoe~
fnuef.k&e.My&e.Mu! Hko[k.Mu!
eqfutu&ekul&gal!
t; t; nso gjs
dkfy;&fo"kkj&xtu!
tujtu!
;nqdy
q &ufyu&fnus'k!
t; t; nso gjs
ekq&eqj&ujd&fouk'ku! x#M+klu!
lqjdqy&dsfy&funku!
t; t; nso gjs
vey&dey&nyykspu! Hko ekspuA
f=Hkqou Hkou&fukku!
t; t; nso gjs
tud&lqrk&r&Hkw"k.k! ftrnw"k.k!
lej&'kfer&n'kd.B!
t; t; nso gjs
vfHkuo&tykj&lqUnj! k`reUnj!
Jheq[kpU&pdksj!
t; t; nso gjs
ro pj.ks iz.krk o;e~ bfr Hkko;A
dq# dq'kya iz.krs"kq]
t; t; nso gjs
Jht;nsodosfjna dq#rs eqne~A
eyeqTToyxhre~
t; t; nso gjs
sfUFs
37
38
JhxhrxksfoUne~
fJrdeykdqpe.My! k`r dq.My!

dfyr&yfyr&oueky!
t; t; nso gjskzqoe~
vUo;bnkuha ijO;kseukFkRosu khjyfyrRoekggs
fJrdeykdqpe.My (fJra k`ra deyk;k y{E;k% dqpe.Mya
Lru;qxya ;su rRlEcqkS) vusu fonXkRoifjgklfo'kkjnRo&
izs;lho'kRofuf'pUrRokfu lqfprkfu gs k`rdq.My (k`rs
dq.Mys rRlEcqkS) gs dfyryfyroueky (dfyrk k`rk
yfyrk lqUnjh ouekyk ;su rRlEcqkS)_ ,rsu fo'ks"k.k};su
uork#.;Roa lwfpre~] rsuSo os'kfoU;klfls% gs nso] gjs]
t; t; (mRd"kZekfo"dq#) ^^fonXkks uo&rk#.;% ifjgkl&
fo'kkjn%A fuf'pUrks khjyfyr% L;kr~ izk;% iz;
s lho'k%**
vuqokngs Jhjkkkthds Lru e.Mydk vkJ; ysuo
s kys!
dkuksaesa dq.My rFkk vfr'k; eukssgj ouekyk kkj.k
djusokys gs gjs! vkidh t; gks
vFkok gs nso! gss gjs! gs deyk dqpe.My fcgkjh!
gs dq.My Hkw"k.k kkfj! gs yfyr ekykkj! vkidh t;
gks
i|kuqokn
k`r deyk dqp e.My Jqfrdq.My gsA
dfyr yfyr oueky t; t; nso gjs
ckycksfkuhdfo Jht;nsoth Jh".kdks lcds mikL;
:iesa o.krdj vc nwljs xhfr&izcUkesa ,dek= fpUruh;
Lo:i ;s;:iesa o.kZu gsrq khjksnkk] khjksr] khj'kkUr
vkSj khjyfyr vkfn uk;dRo xq.kksals lefUor leLr
uk;d&pwM+kef.k Jh".kdh loZJs"Brkdks izdfVr djrs
gq, izkFkZuk djrs gSaA
fJr deyk dqpe.My gsbl indk foxzg gSfJr
deyk;k% dqpe.Mya ;suklkS rRlEoq{kS fJrdeykdqpe.My
39
vFkkZr~ Jh".k Jhjkkkthds Lrue.Myhsdh lsok djusokys

gSaA os y{ehthds fiz; gSa rFkk Jhy{ehth mudh fiz;rek
gSaA bl inls ;g Hkh lwfpr gksrk gS fd os Jh".k
hM+kfoyklh] fonXk] ifjgkl fo'kkjn] izs;lho'k ,oa
fuf'pUr gSaA ^,^dkj vkyki ek= gSA
k`rdq.My ,] k`rs dq.My ;su l rFkk rL;
lEcqf%] vFkkZr~ ftUgksaus dkuksaesa dq.My kkj.k fd;k gS]
edjkfr dq.My kkj.k djusls muds eq[kkjfoUndh 'kksHkk
vkSj Hkh c<+ tkrh gSA
dfyr yfyr ouekyvkius vfr'k; euksgj
ouekykdks kkj.k fd;k gSA fo'odks"kdkj dgrs gSa
vkiknyfEcuh ekyk ouekysfr rka fonq%A
i=iq"ie;h ekyk ouekyk izdhkrk
vFkkZr~ iSji;ZUr yVdusokyh ekykdks ouekyk dgrs
gSaA ouekyk i= ,oa iq"iksals cuh gqbZ gksrh gSA
bl izdkj rhuksa fo'ks"k.kksals Jh".kdk uork#.;
|ksfrr gksrk gS] mudk os'kfoU;kl Hkh izdkf'kr gksrk
gSuofd'kksj uVoj xksios'k os.kqdjA
gjsgs Jh".k! vki lcds fpk] eu ,oa izk.kksadks
vkd"kr djrs gSa] lkFk gh lcds e;esa viuh yhyk
peRdkfjrk izdV djrs gSaA blls vkidk mRd"kZ mtkxj
gks jgk gSA
bl xhfrds izR;sd inds vUresa ^t; t; nso
gjs*bl kzqo indh la;kstuk gSA
izLrqr 'yksdesa Jh".kdk khjyfyrRo fpf=r gks
jgk gS] tSlkfd khjyfyr uk;ddk y{k.k gSfonXk]
uor#.k] fo'kkjn] fuf'pUr ,oa izs;lho';rkA
^,*&dkj dk iz;ksx xkudh osykesa jkxiwkds fy,
gqvk gS
40
JhxhrxksfoUne~
fnuef.k&e.My&e.Mu! Hko[k.Mu!
eqfutu&ekul&gal!
t; t; nso gjs
vUo;vFk lforè.MykUr;s;Z Rosu khj'kkUrRoekggs
fnuef.ke.Mye.Mu (gs lforè.MyHkw"k.k) vusu Dys'klgRoa
fou;kfnxq.kksisrRop lwfpre~_ vr,o gs eqfutuekul&gal
(eqfutukuka ekula fpka rnk[;% ljbo r= fLFkr gal)
galks typjthofo'ks"k% rnk[;ijeeU=Lo:i'p_ vusu
leizfrdRoa fou;kfnxq.kksisrRop lwfpre~_ gs Hko[k.Mu
(Hkoa lalkja [k.M;rhfr rRlEcqkS] lalkjcUk[k.Mur~)]
gs nso] gjs] t; t; (mRd"kZekfo"dq#) ^^le izfrdDys'k&
lgu'p foospd%A fou;kfnxq.kksisrks khj'kkUr mnh;Zrs**
vuqokngs nso! gs gjs! gs lw;Z&e.Mydks foHkwf"kr
djusokys] Hko&cUkudk Nsnu djusokys! eqfutuksads ekul
ljksojesa fogkj djusokys gal! vkidh t; gks! t;
gks
i|kuqokn
fnuef.k
ef.Mr
Hko
[kf.Mr gsA
eqfutu ekul gal t; t; nso gjs
ckycksfkuhfnuef.k e.My e.Mu! JhHkxoku~dk
lw;Ze.Myds Hkhrj vUr;kZeh :iesa fuokl gSA os ;s;
,oa fpUruh; gSaA
;s;% lnk lforè.My e;okhZ] ukjk;.k% ljfltklu
lfUufo"V%A
tSls lw;Ze.My lHkhds }kjk iwT; gSa] mlh izdkj vki
Hkh lcds }kjk fpUruh; ,oa mikL; gSaA vkSj Hkh dgk
gST;ksfrjH;Urjs ';kelqUnjerqya
Hko[k.Mu ,,"k vkRekigrikIek fotjks foe`R;qo'kksdks
foft?kRlksfiikl% lR;dke% lR;lYi%A
41
vFkkZr~ ;g vkRek LoHkkols deZds cUkuls jfgr]

tjk] e`R;q] 'kksd] eksg] Hkw[k] I;klls jfgr lR;dke rFkk
lR;lYi gSA
lalkj cUkuesa iM+s jgusls ;s xq.k frjksfgr gks tkrs
gSa vkSj Hkxoku~dh ik gksusij vkfoHkwZr gks tkrs gSaA
blfy, ^Hko[k.Mu* dgdj Hkxoku~~ Jh".kdks lEcksfkr
fd;k gSA
eqfutuekulgaleqfutukuka ekulkfu bo ekulkfu
rs"kq gal bo galvFkkZr~ euu'khy eqfu;ksads ekul:i
ekuljksojesa JhHkxoku~ mlh izdkj fogkj djrs gSa] tSls
jktgal ekuljksojesaA vkids fogkj djusls bu eqfu;ksaesa
lnk LQwk gksrh jgrh gSA
;s eqfux.k le izfr gksdj d"V lgu djrs gSa
vkSj fou; vkfn xq.kksals lEik gksdj Hktu djrs gSaA
Hkxoku~dh ik gksusls ;s lalkjls foj gks tkrs gSaA
nsofnO; xq.kksals lEik gksusds dkj.k Hkxoku~dks ^nso*
'kCnls vfHkfgr fd;k gSA
t;bl f;kindk iz;ksx dfodh vknjkfr'k;rkdk
|ksrd gSA
izLrqr inds uk;d khj'kkUr gSa
dkfy;&fo"kkj&xtu tujtu!
;nqdy
q &ufyu&fnus'k!
t; t; nso gjs
vUo;;s;fo'ks"kRosu khjksrRoekg }kH;ke~gs
dkfy;fo"kkjxtu (dkfy;liZneu) gs tujtu (tulUrks"k)
gs ;nqdqy&ufyu&fnus'k (;nqdqykU;so ufyukfu rs"kka fnus'k%
lw;Zbo rRlEcqkS) gs nso] gjs t; t; ^êkRl;Zokugkjh
ek;koh jks"k.k'py%A fodRFku'p fo}fkhZjksr mnkrA**
v= dkfy;sR;kfnuk ekRl;Zooa tujtusR;kfnuk ;nqdy
q Rs ;kfnuk
p vgkfjRoe~ vgUr;k eep tujtukfnfls%
42
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vuqokngs nso! gs gjs! fo"kkj dkfy; ukeds ukxdk

en pw.kZ djusokys] futtuksadks vkkfnr djusokys] gs
;nqdy
q :i deyds izHkkdj! vkidh t; gks! t; gks
i|kuqokn
dkfy; fo"kkj
xtu tu jtu gsA
;nqdqy ufyu fnus'k t; t; nso gjs
ckycksfkuhdfo Jh".kdks viuk mikL; gksusij
Hkh ;s; fo"k;ds :iesa Lrqfr dj jgs gSaA blesa Jh".kdk
khjksr uk;dRo izLrqr fd;k tk jgk gSA
dkfy; fo"kkj xtuJh".k Hkxoku~us ;equkesa
jgusokys (dkfy; ngesa) dkfy; uked lkS Q.kokys egk
fo"kkj liZdk xoZ [koZ (pw.kZ) dj fn;kA
tu&jtu ,Hkxoku~us dkfy; neuls ozttuksadks
vkkfnr fd;kA Jh".k HkyhHkkfr tkurs gSa fd ozttu
muds vfrfj dqN Hkh ugha pkgrs] ;gkrd fd os esjs
fcuk izk.k Hkh kkj.k ugha dj ldrs] mudh j{kk] mudk
vuqjtu Jh".kdks Hkh dj.kh; gks tkrk gSA gs tu
vuqjtu dkfju~! vkidh t; gks!!
;nqdqy&ufyu&fnus'kxksix.k gh ;kno gaSA vr,o
Hkxoku~ gh xksdqyds izdk'kd gSaA ftl izdkj HkkLdjds
mfnr gks tkusij vjfoUn izQqfYyr gks tkrk gS] mlh
izdkj JhHkxoku~ds }kjk ;nqoa'kesa vorkj xzg.k djusls
;nqoa'k fodflr gqvk gSA
izLrqr inesa JhHkxoku~dks cy'kkyh] tu&vkkndkjh
xq.klEiUu ,oa dqyhu crk;k gSA vr% gs nso! vki ge
tSls ekRl;Z Hkko;q vgkfj;ksadk vgkj pw.kZdj gekjk
vuqjtu djsaA
khjksrekRl;Zoku~] vgkjh] ek;koh] jks"k&ijk;.k]
ppy] fodFkudkjh uk;ddks khjksr uk;d dgk tkrk
gS
43
ekq&eqj&ujd&fouk'ku! x#M+klu!
lqjdqy&dsfy&funku!
t; t; nso gjs
vUo;gs ekq&eqj&ujdfouk'ku! (eoknhuka fouk'kr~)
x#M+klu! (x#M+okgu) lqjdqydsfyfunku! (lqjk.kka dqya
rL; dsfy% lPNUnfogkj% rL; funku dkj.k)_ vlqjk.kka
fukusu rs"kkedqrksHk;Rokfnfr Hkko%_ ,rsu ek;kfoRokfn
prq"V;eqa Hkofr gs nso] gjs] t; t;
vuqokngs nso! gs gjs! gs ekqlwnu! gs eqjkjs! gs
ujdkUrdkjh! gs x#M+&okgu! gs nsorkvksd
a s hM+k&fogkj&funku]
vkidh t; gks! t; gks
i|kuqokn
ekq&eqj
ujd
fouk'ku] x#M+klu gsA
lqjdqy dsfy funku] t; t; nso gjs
ckycksfkuhekq&eqj&ujd fouk'kuJh".kds rhu
yksd gSa] tgk os fuR;&yhykfoykl djrs gSaA xksdqy]
eFkqjk ,oa }kjdkA bu kkeksaesa yhykfoykl djrs gq,
Jh".kesa uk;dRods fN;kuos y{k.k fnXn'kr gq, gSaA
izLrqr Lrouka'kesa mudk khjkskRo izdkf'kr gks jgk gSA
Jh".kus }kjdkiqjhesa jgrs gq, ekqnSR; ,oa ujdklqj
vkfndk lagkj fd;k gSA
bl Hkkodks ekq&eqj&ujd fouk'ku inls vfHkO;
fd;k gSA
x#M+klu ,x#M+ vklua ;L; rRlEcqkS;g x#M+klu
indk foxzg gSA if{kjkt x#M+dk i`"B Hkxoku~dk vklu
gSA vr% Hkxoku~dks x#M+klu vFkok x#M+okgu dgk tkrk
gSA
lqjdqy&dsfyfunkuvlqjksd
a k lagkjdj Hkxoku~ nsorkvksd
a k
vkuUnoZu fd;k djrs gSaA os Hktuksads lkFk vkuUn
fogkj djrs gSaA
44
JhxhrxksfoUne~
;gk Jh".kdk ek;kfoRo Hkh Hkkflr gks jgk gSA gs

gjs! vkidh t; gks
vey&dey&nyykspu! Hko ekspu!

f=Hkqou Hkou&fukku!
t; t; nso gjs
vUo;loZrkiksi'keuiwoZdlokZHkh"Viznr;k nsolgk;d&
:is.k khjksnkkekggs veydeynyykspu (izQqYyii=s
boykspus ;L;] gs rkn`'k) ,rsu rki'kedRoe~_ gs
Hkoekspu (lalkjDys'kgj) ,rsu d#.kRoa_ gs f=Hkqou&
Hkoufukku (f=Hkqoueso Hkoua x`ga rL; fukkua fufkfjo
vewY;jRufeR;FkZ%] rRlEcqkS)_ ,rsu fouf;Roe~_ gs nso]
gjs] t; t;A ^^xEHkhjks fou;h {kUrk d#.k% lqn`<+ozr%A
vdRFkuks xw<+xoksZ khjksnkk% lqloHk`r~**
vuqokngs nso! gs gjs! gs fueZy deynyds leku
fo'kky us=ksaokys] Hko&nq%[k ekspu djusokys] f=Hkqou:i
Hkouds vkkkj Lo:i] vkidh t; gks] t; gks
i|kuqokn
vey dey ny ykspu] Hko&ekspu gsA
f=Hkqou Hkou fukku] t; t; nso gjs
ckycksfkuhikposa i|esa Jh".kds khjksnkk xq.kdks
vfHkO; dj jgs gSaA
vey&dey&nyykspuveys ;s deynys rs bo
ykspus ;L;klkS rFkkfok% rr~ lEcqkS vFkkZr~ ftuds us=
vey dey nyds leku fueZy gSaA us=;qxy lHkhds
rkiksadk iz'keudj fpk] eu vkSj izk.kksadk gj.k dj ysrs
gSa
rsjNs us=kUr ok.k foUks xksihx.k&izk.kA
Hkoekspu] lHkh Hkksads lalkj cUkudk ekspu djrs
gSa] thoksadh j{kk djrs gSaA bl inls Hkxoku~dk dk#.; Hkh
|ksfrr gks jgk gSA
45
f=Hkqou&Hkou&fukkuJhgfj =SyksD;O;kid gSa] os

=SyksD;:ih Hkouds fufkLo:i gSa] dkj.k gSa] tud
gSabl rjg vkiesa fou;hRo xq.kdk izdk'k gksrk gSA
vkidh t; gksA
khjksnkkxEHkhj] fou;h] {kek'khy] d#.k] lqn~ozrh]
vdF; dFkudkjh] xq.k xohZys rFkk egku~ lR;ijk;.k
vkfn khjksnkkds xq.k Jh".kesa fo|eku gSa
tud&lqrk&rHkw"k.k! ftrnw"k.k!
lej&'kfer&n'kd.B!
t; t; nso gjs
vUo;gs tudlqrkrHkw"k.k (tudlqr;k lhr;k
ra Hkw"k.ke~ vykj% ;L;_ ;}k tud lqrk;k% ra
Hkw"k.ka ;su rRlEcqkS_ gs lhrkrkykj_ ;}k rlhrkykj)]
,rsu lqn`<+or
z Roe~_ gs ftrnw"k.k (ftr% nw"k.k% n.Mdkj.;pjks
jk{klfo'ks"k% ;su vFkok ftra nw"k.ka nks"ktuua dk; ;su
rRlEcqkS_ nw"k.ktf;u~ vFkp nks"kjfgr)] ,rsu vdRFkuRoe~_
rFkk lej'kfern'kd.B (lejs ;qs 'kfer% ukf'kr%
n'kd.Bks jko.kks ;su rRlEcqkS) ,rsu {kUr`Roxw<x+ oZRolqlo&
Hkòkfu gs nso] gjs] t; t;
vuqokngs nso! gs gjs! Jhjkekorkjesa lhrkthdks
foHkwf"kr djusokys] nw"k.k uked jk{klij fot; izkIr
djusokys rFkk ;qesa n'kkuu jko.kdks okdj 'kkUr
djusokys] vkidh t; gks! t; gks
i|kuqokn
tud&lqrk r
Hkw"k.k]
ftrnw"k.k gsA
lej 'kfer n'kd.B] t; t; nso gjs
ckycksfkuhHkxoku~ Jh".kds Jhjkekorkjesa khjksnkk
uk;dRo gSA
tud&lqrk&rHkw"k.kkhjksnkk xq.kksals foHkwf"kr gs nso!
46
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vki tudlqrkdks vius gkFkksals leyar djrs gSaA vki

uo nqokZnyLo:i ';ke gSaA vkids }kjk Lo.kkZh oSnsgh
foHkwf"kr gksrh gSaA gs lqn`<+ ozrijk;.k] vkidh t; gksA
ftrnw"k.k ,ftrnw"k.kks ;suklkSvkius nw"k.k uked
jk{kldk ok dj fn;k gSA ouokldkyesa n.Mdkj.;
uked ouesa fuokl djrs gq, vki ftrnw"k.k dgyk;sA
lej&'kfer&n'kd.Bjk{kljkt jko.k] tks laxzkeesa
fLFkj jgusokyk laxzkedkjh vkSj vdF; opu cksyusokyk]
,sls egkohjdks vkius j.kizk.kesa kjk'kk;hdj 'kkUr dj
fn;kA gs ohjksads vfkifr! gs gjs! xw<+xoZ rFkk {kek
xq.kksals foHkwf"kr vkidh t; gks
vfHkuo&tykj&lqUnj! k`reUnj!
Jheq[kpUpdksj!
t; t; nso gjs
vUo;vkquk khjyfyreq[;Roizfriknuk; vftr&
:iRosu lEiqfVrfeo iquLresokggs vfHkuo tykj&lqUnj
(uotykj:ps) gs k`reUnj (eUnjkkfju~) vkH;ka uor#.kRoa
rnfkxe%_ gs Jheq[kpUpdksj (fJ;k% y{E;k% eq[keso
pU% r= pdksjbo rRlEcqkS_ deykonupUlqkkikf;u~
bR;FkZ%) vusu izs;lho'kRoa lwfpre~ gs nso] gs gjs] Roa
t; t;
vuqokngs uohu tykjds leku o.kZokys ';kelqUnj!
gs eUnjkpydks kkj.k djusokys! Jhjkkk:i egky{ehds
eq[kpUij vkl jgusokys pdksj&Lo:i! gs gjs! gs
nso! vkidh t; gks! t; gks
i|kuqokn
vfHkuo tykj
lqUnj
k`r eUnj gsA
Jheq[k pU pdksj] t; t; nso gjs
47
ckycksfkuhizLrqr i|esa khjyfyr uk;ddk eq[;Ro

izfriknu djrs gq, Hkxoku~ds fofok vorkjksadh yhykvkssadk
izn'kZu fd;k gSA
vfHkuo&tykj&lqUnjJhHkxoku~ vfHkuo lqUnj gSa]
mudk fnO;kfrfnO; eye; foxzg lty es?kds leku
euksgj gSA
k`reUnj{khjlkxjds eUFku dkyesa vkius eUnjkpydks
kkj.k fd;k FkkA tc eUnjkpy Bgj ugha jgk Fkk] rc
vki dPNi cu x;s Fks vFkok Jhjkkkthds n; ns'kdks
kkj.k djrs gSaA nwljs :iesa nsorkvksads lkFk leqdk
eUFku djrs gSaA
Jheq[kpU pdksjJhjkkkthdk eq[kdey Hkxoku~dks
vkkfnr djrs jgusds dkj.k fokq ljh[kk gSA pdksj tSls
pUekdh vksj vLi`g :iesa fuues"k us=ksals ns[kk djrk gS]
mlh izdkj JhHkxoku~ Hkh Jhjkkkthds eq[kdh euksKrkdks
ns[kdj g"kkZfrjsdrkdk vuqHko djrs jgrs gSaA gs nso! gs
gjs! vkidh t; gks!!
uotykj lqUnj inls Hkxoku~dk uork#.; |ksfrr
gksrk gSA pdksj inls mudh izs;lho';rk lwfpr gksrh gSA
k`reUnj inls Jhjkkkthds dqp;qxydks kkj.k djrs gSaA gs
izHkks! vkidh t; gks
ro pj.ks iz.krk o;e~ bfr Hkko;A

dq# dq'kya iz.krs"kq]
t; t; nso gjs
vUo;vFk Jksr`"kq o`"kqp izlkna izkFkZ;rsgs gjs!
o;a ro pj.ks iz.krk% bfr Hkko; (fpUr;tkuhfg)_
KkRokp iz.krs"kq (vLek"kq) dq'kya dq# (nsfg)_ RoYyhyk&
uqHkoleFk dq#A (RoYyhykuqHkoL; RoRizlkna foukuqiiks%
ijekuUn:iRokfnR;FkZ%) gs nso] gjs t; t;
48
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vuqokngs Hkxou~~! ge vkids pj.kksaesa 'kj.kkxr gSaA

vki izseHkf iznkudj vius izfr iz.krtuksadk dq'ky
fokku djsaA gs nso! gs gjs! vkidh t; gks! t; gks
i|kuqokn
ro
pj.kksaesa
ge
ur
gsA
djks dq'ky vf[kys'k! t; t; nso gjs
ckycksfkuhizLrqr i|esa dfo vius Jksrkvksa vkSj
okvkasds dY;k.kds fy, Jh".kds vuqxzgdh izkFkZuk dj
jgs gSaA gs dY;k.k xq.kkdj! ge vkids pj.kksaesa iz.kr gSaA
vr,o vki ge 'kj.kkxrksadk dY;k.k djsaA Hkksads iki
vkSj rkidk fouk'k djsaA vki ijekuUnLo:i gSa] oSls gh
vkidh yhyk ijekuUnLo:i gS] vki bu yhykvksadks
gekjs n;esa LQwkizkIr djokdj ge lcdk vkuUnoZu
djsa
Jht;nsodosfjna dq#rs eqne~A

eyeqTToyxhre~]
t; t; nso gjs
vUo;Jht;nsodos% bne~ mTToyxhra (mTToya ;Fkk
rFkk xhra) eya (ekfyda opue~ vFkok eykpj.kek=a
dk`Z) eqna (g"k) dq#rs (tu;fr_ ro Hkkuka psrlhfr
'ks"k%) gs nso gjs Roa t; t;
vuqoknJht;nso dfo iz.khr ;g euksgj] mTToy
xhfre; eykpj.k vkidk vkuUn oZu djsa vFkok
vkids xq.kksads Jo.k dhkZu djusokys Hktuksadks vkuUn
iznku djsaA vkidh t; gks! t; gks
i|kuqokn
Jht;nso
fyf[kr
;g
lqUnjA
ey mTToy xhr t; t; nso gjs
49
ckycksfkuhdfo Jht;nsoth Hkxoku~dh Lrqfrdh

lekfIrij fuosnu djrs gSa fd eSaus eykpj.kesa mTToy
jldh xhfr rFkk Jhjkkkekkods dsfyfoykl&o.kZu djusdk
lYi fy;k rks blls esjk n; vkuUnls vfr'k;
rjkf;r gks mBk gSA ;fn eykpj.kesa gh bruk vkuUn
gS] rc Jhjkkkekkods dsfyfoykl o.kZu djusesa u tkus
fdruk vkuUn gksxkA ;g esjk euksgj ey xhr vkids
fy, vkuUnizn cus] lquus&lqukusokyksadk Hkh dY;k.kizn
cusA
eykpj.kds bu ukS 'yksdksaesa ey NUn gS
iki;kskj&rVh&ifjjEHk&yXu&
dk'ehj&eqfreqjks ekqlwnuL;
O;kuqjkxfeo [ksynu[ksn&
LosnkEcq iwjeuqiqj;rq fiz;a o%
vUo;,oa izkF;Z Jksrù~ izfr vkf'k"kekruksfr
iki;kskjrVh&ifjjEHk&yXudk'ehjeqfre~ (ik;k y{E;k
;k i;kskjrVh dqpifj.kkg% Lru&ifjlj bfr ;kor~] rL;
ifjjEHk.ksu vkfyusu yXua ;r~ dk'ehja dqqea rsu
eqfra fpfra) vr% O;kuqjkxe~ (O;% Li"VhHkwrksuqjkx
vklf% ;= rkn`'ke~) bo rFkk [ksynu&[ksn&LosnkEcqiwje~
([ksyu~ hM+u~ ;% vuLrsu ;% [ksn% vk;kl% rsu
LosnkEcqiwj% ?keZtyizokg% ;= rFkkHkwra) ekqlwnuL; mj%
(o{k%) o% (;q"ekda) fiz;e~ vuqiwj;rq (fujUrja fonkkrq)
vUr#PNfyr% fiz;kuqjkxks cfg% dk'ehj:is.k mjfl vkfoHkwZr
bosR;FkZ%
vuqoknik Jhjkkkthds dqqe Nkils fpfr Lru&
;qxydk ifjjEHk.k djusls ftu Jh".kdk o{k%LFky
50
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vuqjftr gks x;k gS] ekuks n;fLFkr vuqjkx gh jftr

gksdj O; gksus yxk gS] lkFk gh dUniZhM+kds dkj.k
tkr Losn&foUnqvksals ftudk o{k%LFky ifjIyqr gks x;k gS]
,sls ekqlwnudk lEHkksxdkyhu o{k%LFky vki lcdk (ge
lcdk) euksjFk iw.kZ djsaA
i|kuqokn
gfj
gjs
O;Fkk
lc
eudh
ftuds o{kLFkyij vfr ds'kj deyk LrudhA
ftuij NkbZ 'kksHkk jfrds Jeds eatqyd.kdh
gfj
gjs
O;Fkk
lc
eudh
ckycksfkuhdfo Jht;nsothus iwoZ xhfresa izHkqls
izkFkZuk djusds mijkUr Jksrkvksadks vk'khokZn iznku djusds
fy, izLrqr 'yksddh vorkj.kk dh gSA
iki;kskj rVhtc oztfoyklh Jh".k viuh
fiz;rekdk vkfyu djrs gSa] rks muds Lruksads izkUr&Hkkx
rd yxs gq, dqade
q &ds'kj odh Nki Hkxoku~ds o{k%LFkyij
vfr gks tkrh gSA Jhjkkkthls lokZfkd izhfr j[kusds
dkj.k mudk n; jkfkdkuqjkxls jftr jgrk gS (vuqjkxdk
j jo.kZ gksrk gS)A i;kskj rVh inls Lruksadk mUurRo
rFkk izkUr Hkkxdks ioZrdh rygVhds leku lwfpr fd;k
gSA
ifjjEHk yXu dk'ehjLru rVksaesa ysfir dk'ehj
ols layXu Jh".kdk o{k%LFky nh?kZdkyi;ZUr fd;s x;s
izxk<+ vkfyudks lwfpr djrk gSA
eqfr eqjksJhLokfeuhthdk dqpdqadqe Jh".kds
o{k%LFkyesa eq.k ;U=dh Hkkfr fpfr gks x;k gSA og
vfeV :ils lq'kksfHkr gks jgk gSA vgks! kU; gS
Lusgkfr'k;rkA
O;kuqjkxfeotks vuqjkxfof'k"V n;esa lfkfgr
51
(fNik gqvk) Fkk] og vc Li"V :ils vfHkO; gks

x;kA vc ;g vuqjkxjftr n; vU;= lafyIr ugha gks
ldsxk] blfy, bls izdV dj fn;k gSA
[ksynu[ksn LosnkEcqiqje~Jh".kdk vuqjkx&jls
jftr o{k%LFky nh?kZdkyhu dUniZhM+kds dkj.k ifjJkUr
gksusls Losnokfjls iw.kZ gks x;k gS vFkok Jh';keds fo'kky
o{k%LFkyesa ?keZfcUnqvksa (ilhusds cwnksa) ls fl dqadqe jkx
muds n;fLFkr vuqjkxdks ekuks dk'ehj&jds :iesa
ckgj izdV dj jgk gSA
vuqiqj;rq fiz;a o%bl izdkj vuqjkx&ds'kjls jftr
Jh".kdk o{kLFky gekjs vHkh"Vdks iw.kZ djsA gekjs
n;esa izsedk oZu djsA
izLrqr 'yksd olUr jkxesa xk;k tkrk gS] blls
Hkxoku~ds oklfUrd Lo:idk Hkh lsr izkIr gksrk gSA
;gk ukf;dk eqXkk] uk;d dq'ky] olUrfrydk o`k]
vk'kh%] mRizs{kk ,oa vuqizkl vykj rFkk k`kj jl
gS
bfr JhxhrxksfoUns f}rh;% lUnHkZ%A
vFk r`rh;% lUnHkZ%A

olUrs oklUrh&dqlqe&lqdqekjSjo;oS&
HkzeZ Urha dkUrkjs cgqfcfgr&".kkuqlj.kke~A
veUna
dUniZTojtfurfpUrkdqyr;k
cyn~ckkka jkkka ljlfenewps lgpjh
vUo;Jhjkkk;k v"Vukf;dkoLFkka o.kZ;u~ lEHkksxiks"kd&
foizyEHk&k`kj&o.kZuk; izFkea fojgksRdf.Brkekgdkfpr~
lgpjh (l[kh) olUrs (olUrdkys) oklUrhdqlqelqdqekjS%
52
JhxhrxksfoUne~
(oklUrhiq"iSfjo lqdqekjS% ;wfFkdkdqlqeisyoSfjR;FkZ%) vo;oS%

(vS#iyf{krkfeR;FkZ%) dkUrkjs (fufoMs ous) HkzeUrha
cgq&fcfgr&".kkuqlj.kke~ (cgq ;FkkrFkk fcfgra ra
".kkuqlj.ka ;;k rke~) vr,o veUna (furkUra)
dUniZTojtfurfpUrkdqyr;k (dkelUrkitfurk ;k fpUrk
mRd.Bk r;k vkdqyr;k dkrjr;k) cy}kkka (ifjoZeku&
enuihMka) jkkke~ bna (o{;ek.ka) ljla (jlor~) op%
ps
vuqoknfdlh le; olUr rqdh lqekqj csykesa
fojg&osnukls vR;Ur dkrj gksdj jkfkdk ,d fofiuls
nwljs fofiuesa Jh".kdk vUos"k.k djus yxh] ekkoh
yrkds iq"iksads leku muds lqdqekj v vfr DykUr gks
x;s] os dUniZihM+ktfur fpUrkds dkj.k vR;Ur fody
gks mBha] rHkh dksbZ ,d l[kh mudks vuqjkxHkjh ckrksals
lEcksfkr djrh gqbZ bl izdkj dgus yxh
i|kuqokn
dkSu og nqxZe ouksaesa] =Lr&ekry Mksyrh gS\
Qwy oklUrh 'kjhjh] ".kdk eu rksyrh gS\
ns[kdj dUniZ Tojls] kUr_ eudks [kksyrh gSA
,d lgpjh gks ln; ;g] jkfkdkls cksyrh gS
ckycksfkuhizLrqr i|esa egkdfo Jht;nsothus loZiFz ke
Jhjkkkekkods eye; ekqj feyuds }kjk muds egk
mRd"kZdk o.kZu fd;k gSA blh mieesa Jhjkkkekkodh
jg%dsfydk o.kZu djusls dfodk n; fodflr deydh
Hkkfr vkuUnesa mPNfyr gksus yxk gSA blfy, jfld
dfous nf{k.k] k`"V ,oa 'kB uk;dds xq.kksals foHkwf"kr
Jh".kdks Jhjkfkdkds izfr vuqdwy uk;dds :iesa izdV
fd;k gSA Jh'kqdnsothus tSls ^lwph dVkg* U;k;ls vFkkZr~
LoYi ifjJe&lk; dk;Zdk lEiknudj ihNs cgq&ifjJe&lk;
53
dk;Zdks lEik djusdh Hkkfr leLr xksfi;ksadh igys

Js"Brk fn[kykdj vUresa Jhjkkkthdh loZJs"Brk izfrikfnr
dh gSA mlh izdkj dfous Jhjkkkesa vkB izdkjds
ukf;dk&y{k.kksadk o.kZu djrs gq, Jhjkkkthdks loZukf;dk&
f'kjksef.k fl fd;k gSA
vkB izdkjdh ukf;dk tSls- vfHklkfjdk okldlTtk - mRdf.Brk - [kf.Mrk - foizyCkk dygkUrfjrk - izsf"kr&Hkk`Zdk - Lokkhu HkkZ`dk
izLrqr 'yksdesa lEHkksx jlds iqf"Vdkjd foizyEHk
k`kjdk o.kZu djrs gq, fojgksRdf.Brk ukf;dk jkfkdkdk
o.kZu dj jgs gSaA mke] eUeFkHkkols ihfM+r] egkTojxzLr]
dfEirkh] jksekfpr] efyuoiqe;h] iqu%iqu% eksgdks izkIr
gksusokyh osiFkq;qk] l?ku:ils iqyfdr vkSj mRdf.Brk
gksdj cksyusokyh mRdf.Brk ukf;dkds y{k.k Hkjreqfuus
ukV'kkesa crk;s gSaA k`kj fryd (&) esa
fojgksRdf.Brk ukf;dkds fuEukfr y{k.k crk;s x;s gSa
mRdk Hkofr lk ;L;k% lsra ukxr% fiz;%A
rL;kukxeus gsrqa fpUr;R;kdqyk ;Fkk
vFkkZr~ ftl ukf;dkdk uk;d lsrdkyesa lsr
LFkkuij ugha vkrk gS] og fojgksRdf.Brk ukf;dk dgykrh
gS] og vius fiz;reds ugha vkusds dkj.k lksp le>dj
O;kdqy gks tkrh gSA ;g 'yksd foizyEHk k`kj o.kZudh
Hkwfedk Lo:i gSA dfo dg jgs gSa fd oklfUrd dkyesa
dksbZ ,d l[kh jkfkdkth ls dgus yxh^^gs jkks! rqEgkjk
'kjhj ekkoh iq"iksads leku vfr'k; lqdksey gS vkSj rqe
;gk d.Vd dq'k;q] chgM+ ouesa dkUr Jh".kdh
izkfIrds fy, Hkze.k dj jgh gks] bruk vUos"k.k djusij
Hkh rqEgsa fiz;re ugha feysA dUniZ&ok.kls ihfM+r] vfr
rhoz dkeTojls lUrIr rqe mUgsa ikusdh ykylkesa O;kdqy
gks jgh gksA**
54
JhxhrxksfoUne~
izLrqri|esa ôlUr* inds }kjk dky:ih mhiu

foHkkodks cryk;k gSA ^pyn~*;g in Jhjkkkthdk fo'ks"k.k
gS] blls lwfpr gksrk gS fd mUgksaus Jh".kdks dkuuesa
ckj&ckj vUos"k.k fd;k fd fiz;re 'kk;n vc vk;sa]
vc vk;saA ôklURkh lqdqekj;oS*mu Jhjkkkthds v
lqdqekj gSaA oklUrh dqlqe vFkkZr~ ekkoh yrkA olUr
rqesa ;g yrk iw.kZr;k fodflr gks tkrh gS] oklUrh
Ykrkds iq"i vR;Ur euksK rFkk lqdqekj gksrs gSa] mlh
izdkj Jhjkkkthds v vR;Ur euksgj rFkk lqdqekj
gSa;g bl inds }kjk lwfpr gksrk gSA
^^gs l[kh jkks! ;g fuf'pr gS fd rqEgkjs izk.kukFk
Jh".k rqEgsa NksM+dj fdlh nwljhds lkFk fogkj dj jgs
gSa] 'kkjnh;k jkl&jtuhesa izFke egksRloesa Jh".kus rqEgkjs
vleksZ :i&xq.k ekkqjhdk vuqHko dj fy;k FkkA rqEgkjs
izfr loZfofnr vuqjkxdks os lkFkZd ekuus yxs FksA vr%
dnkfpr~ rqEgkjh ljh[kh dksbZ bl ozte.Myesa gS ;k ugha]
;g tkuusds fy, iRFkjdh [kqnkbZdh f;kdh Hkkfr mls
<w<+rs gq, dqN fnuksads fy, bkj mkj fudy x;s gSaA
vFkok rqEgkjs ln`'k dksbZ gS ;k ugha ;g tkuusdh bPNkls
Jh".kds vfHkizk;ds vuqlkj ;ksxek;kus daldks izsj.kk nh
vkSj dalus vwjdks uUnxko Hkstk] Jh".kus vwjds
LkkFk ukjh ladqyk cgqla[;d fL=;ksads lls ifjosf"Vr
eFkqjkiqjhesa izLFkku fd;kA Jh".kus ns[kk] eFkqjk e.Myesa
oztlqUnfj;ksa tSlk lkSUn;Z fdlhdk ugha vkSj u gh muds
tSlk xq.kkd"kZ.k gSA rc bl pkgesa os ekuks }kjdkds fy,
izLFkku dj x;sA }kjdkessa rc Jh".kus ujsU dU;kvksads
lkFk fookg fd;k] ogk Hkh lQyrk u feyus ij
ujdklqj }kjk vir xUkoZ dU;k] ;{k dU;k] Ukkx dU;k
,oa ekuo dU;kvksa (ftudh la[;k "kksM'k lg gS) ls
55
fookg dj fy;k] fQj Hkh gs jkfkds! rqEgkjs leku

fdlhdks Hkh u ns[kdj nUro okds i'pkr~ iqu% oztesa
ykSV vk;s gSaA** iiqjk.kesa Jh".kds lqnh?kZ izoklds
i'pkr~ ozt vkxeudk laokn feyrk gS
".kksfi ra nUroa gRok ;equkeqrh;Z
uUnozta xRok lksRd.BkS firjkS vfHkok|k'okL;
rkH;ka lkJqd.Bekfyfr% ldy xksioÙnku~
iz.kE;k'okL;
lokZu~
lUriZ;kekl
vFkkZr~ Jh".k nUro dk ok djusds i'pkr~
;equk ikj djds uUnoztesa igqpsA ogk fpjksRdf.Br
uUn&;'kksnkdks iz.kke vkfn }kjk vk'oklu fn;kA mu
nksuksaus vklqvksals Luku djkrs gq, Jh".kdks n;ls
yxkdj fpj O;Fkkdks iz'kfer fd;kA rRi'pkr~ Jh".kus
leLr xksioÙnls feydj muds fojg nq[k%dks 'kkUr djds
fpj&fojfg.kh oztxksfi;ksals feydj mudh rhoz fojg
ihM+kdks Hkh 'kkUr fd;kA
Jhekxords izFke LdUkesa }kjdkoklh dg jgs gSa
;ZEcqtk{kkillkj Hkks Hkoku~ dq:Uekwu~ okFk lqfn`{k;kA
r=kCndksfVizfre% {k.kks Hkosn~ jo fouk{.kksfjo uLrokP;qr
^^gs deyu;u! tc vki lqn~tukssads n'kZuds fufek
dq#ns'k rFkk ekqiqjhesa (ozte.Myesa) xeu djrs gSa] ml
le; vkids fojgesa {k.kdky Hkh dksfV ;qxds leku
izrhr gksrk gSA tSSls lw;Zds fcuk vk[kksaesa vUkdkj izrhr
gksrk gS oSls gh vkids fcuk pkjksa vksj 'wkU; izrhr gksrk
gSA**
olUresa xksfi;ksadk fiz;feyu&tfur vkuUn rFkk
fojghtukssadk fiz;&foPNsntfur fojg nksuksa gh eeZLi'khZ
izl gSaA bUgha ckrksadk Lej.k djkrh gqbZ l[kh dgrh gSA
izLrqr inesa f'k[kfj.kh NUn gS] oSnHkhZ jhfr rFkk mi
ukxfjdk o`fk gSA
56
JhxhrxksfoUne~
xhre~
olUr&jkx ;fr&rkykH;ka xh;rs
(ljl olUr le;)
;g rhljk izcUk olUrjkx rFkk ;fr&rkyls xk;k
tkrk gSA olUr jkxdk Lo:i gS
f'k[k.M&cgksZPp;&cpwM+% iq".ku~ fida pwr&uokadqjs.kA
Hkzeu~ eqnk&jkeeu ewkeZkksZekrks fg olUrjkx%
vFkkZr~ olUrjkx;q iq#"kdk flj e;wjfiPNls ckk
gksrk gSA vkezetjh rFkk yrkvkssals og Js"B dks;y
lewgdks ifjiq"V cukrk jgrk gSA l'kjhj dkensods leku
og izlk enek xtjktds leku Hkze.k djrk gS
yfyr&yoyrk&ifj'khyu&dksey&ey;&lehjs
ekqdj&fudj&djfEcr&dksfdy&dwftr&dqt&dqVhjsA
fogjfr gfjfjg ljl&olUrs---u`R;fr ;qofrtusu lea lf[k fojfg&tuL; nqjUrs
s kzoq e~
mUen&enu&euksjFk&ifFkd&okw&tu&tfur&foykis A
vfydqy&lady
q &dqleq &lewg&fujkdqy&odqy&dykis
fogjfr gfjfjg ljl olUrs----
e`xen&lkSjHk&jHklo'kEcn
uonyeky&rekysA
;qotu&n;&fonkj.k&euflt&u[k#fp&fda'kqdTkkys
enu&eghifr&dud&n.M#fp&ds'kj&dqleq &fodklsA
fefyr&f'kyheq[k&ikVy&iVy&r&Lej&rw.k&foykls
57
foxfyr&yfTtr&txnoyksdu&r#.k&d#.k&rgklsA
fojgh&fuUru&dqUr&eq[kkfr&dsrfd&nUrqfjrk'ks
ekkfodk&ifjey&yfyrs uoekfyd;kfrlqxUkkSA
eqfu&eulkefi eksgu&dkfjf.k r#.kkdkj.kcUkkS
LQqjnfreqkyrk&ifjjEHk.k&iqyfdr&eqdqfyr pwrsA
oÙnkou&fofius
ifjlj&ifjxr&;equktyiwrs
Jht;nso&Hkf.krfeneqn;rq
gfjpj.kLe`frlkja A
ljl&olUr≤ ouo.kZueuqxr enu&fodkje~
vc ;gk uhps izR;sd i|] i|dk vUo;] 'yksdkuqokn]
i|kuqokn rFkk ckycksfkuh O;k[;k nh tk jgh gS
yfyr&yoyrk&ifj'khyu&dksey&ey;&lehjs
ekqdj&fudj&djfEcr&dksfdy&dwftr&dqt dqVhjs
fogjfr gfjfjg ljl&olUrs
u`R;fr ;qofrtusu lea lf[k fojfg&tuL; nqjUrs
s kzoq e~
vUo;vf; lf[k] yfyr&yoyrk&ifj'khyu&dksey&
ey;&lehjs yfyrkuka euksgjk.kka yoyrkuka ifj'khyusu
lalxsZ.k dksey% e`nq% lqjfHk'p ey;lehj% ey;ok;q% ;su
rkn`'ks_ yrkukjh&laLi'kkZr~ dkseyRosu ekU|a] iq"ilEcUkkr~
lkSxU;a] ;equktylEcUkkr~ 'kSR;e~] vpsrukfi yrk
dkUreUrjs.k psr~ LFkkrqa u 'kDuksfr rg psrukuka dk
dFksfr Hkko%)_ ekqdj&fudj&djfEcr&dksfdy&dwftr&
58
JhxhrxksfoUne~
dqtdqVhjs (ekqdjk.kka Hkzejk.kka fudjS% lewgS% djfEcrk%

fefJrk% ;s dksfdyk% rS% dwftra eq[kfjra dqtdqVhja ;=
rFkkHkwrs)_ rFkk fojfg&tuL; nqjUrs (fuihM+ds) ljlksfi
olUrks;a fojfg.kka nq%[knRokr~ nqjUr bR;FkZ%_ bg ljl&olUrs
(jle;s olUrs) jlks= k`kj%_ gfj% (euksgj.k'khy%
vrksL; fojgks nq%lg%) ;qofr&tusu (d;kfpr~ r#.;k)
lea (lg) fogjfr (hMfr) u`R;fr p
vuqoknfiz; lf[k! jkks! gk;! ;g olUrdky
fojgh tukssads fy, vrho nq%[knk;h gSA ns[kks u! blds
vkxeuij ey; lehj lqdksey euksK yrkvkssadks iqu%&iqu%
vknjds lkFk vkfyudj dSlh euksgj 'kksHkk izdV dj
jgk gSA ns[kks! dqt&dqVhjessa Hkzejksads eMjkusls mRik
xqtkjls rFkk dks;ykssadh lqekj dqgqofuls fnx~fnxUr
ifjiwfjr gks x;s gSa vkSj os Jh".k bl dqt dqVhjesa
fdlh HkkX;orh ;qorhsds lkFk fogkj dj jgs gSa vkSj
iszeksRloesa eXu gksdj u`R; Hkh dj jgs gSaA
i|kuqokn
yfyr yoyrk ifjpqfEcr dksey ey; lehj
ekqdj&fudj dfyr dksfdyls dqftr dqat&dqVhj
ygj mBrk je.khdk phj
ukprs gSa gfj ljl vkhj
ckycksfkuhtc ey; lehjds lEidZls o`{kkofy;ksaesa
uothoudk lpkj gksus yxrk gS] csyh] pesyh vkfn
iq"iksads f[kyusls HkkSajs xqtkj djus yxrs gSa] vkezds
eqdqfyr gksusls dks;ysa dwtu djus yxrh gSa vkSj os
dUniZ&ek&ekrds leku eksjia[kdh ixM+h kkj.kdj
lcds eudks foeksfgr djrs gSaA
olUrds le;esa olUr&jkx gksrk gSA ;fr&rkyesa y?kq
vkSj qrdh f=iqVh jgrh gSA l[khbl inls lqnRo
lwfpr gks jgk gSA
59
ljlolUrsljl fo'ks"k.kds }kjk olUr rqdh jle;rk

vkSj vkLok|rk lwfpr dh xbZ gSA
fojfg tuL; nqjUrsfojghtu bl ljl olUresa cM+s
nq%[kds lkFk vius le;dks fcrkrs gSaA Jhgfj vius ekqj
yhykvksads }kjk lcds fpk] eu vkSj izk.kksadk gj.k dj
ysrs gSa vkSj fQj mudk fojg vfr'k; d"Vnk;h vkSj
vlguh; gksrk gSA
yfyr yoyrk ifj'khyu dksey ey; lehjsJh".k
tgk fojkteku gSa] ml LFkkudh fo'ks"krk crykrs gq,
dgrs gSa fd euksgj yoyrkvksads laLi'kZls ;gkdh ey;
ok;q e`nqy cu x;h gS] ;kssa rks ey; lehj 'khry] eUn
vkSj lqxfUkr gksrk gS] fdUrq yo&yrkvksads laLi'kZls
og vkSj Hkh dksey vkSj lqxfUkr cu x;k gSA
ekqdj&fudj&djfEcr&dksfdy&dwftr&dqt&dqVhjsbl
indk foxzg gSekqdjk.kka ;ks fg fudj Lrsu djfEcrk%
fefJrk% ;s dksfdyk LrS% dwftr% ;% dqt dqVhj% r=A
vFkkZr~ u`R; LFkku vej leqnk; ,oa dksfdyk lewgls
dwftr dqtdh dqVhj gSA
bl izdkj fdlh lgpjhds }kjk fojg mRdf.Brk
Jhjkkkds lehi olUrdkyhu oÙnkoudh 'kksHkkdk o.kZu
fd;k x;k gSSA euksgj yo&yrkds }kjk o`{kdk vkfyu
fd;s tkusls] ey; iouds laLi'kZls] iq"iksadh lqxUkls]
;equk tydh 'khryrkls] yrkvksadh deuh;rkls] ukfj;ksads
lqdksey vds Li'kZls ;g olUr] dkUrds feyuesa
ftruk lq[knk;h gksrk gS] fojgesa mruk gh nq%[knk;h Hkh
gksrk gSA
tc olUr foykl gksusls vpsru yrk Hkh dkUrds
fcuk ugha jg ldrh] rc psruLo:ik hyrk dkUrds
fcuk dSls jg ldrh gS\ blesa Hkh ekqdjksadk xqtu]
60
JhxhrxksfoUne~
dks;yksadk dwtu vkSj Hkh n; fonkjd gks tkrk gSA tc

ekkoh vkSj csyh iq"iksads lkSjHkls eqfu;ksadk eu Hkh
vkd"kr gks tkrk gS] rc dkeh&dkfefu;ksadh rks ckr gh
D;k\
iqu% ekkodh LQwk izkIr gksusij l[kh dgrh
gSekkoh&yrk tc vkez o`{kdk vkfyu djrh gS] rks
etfj;k iqyfdr gks mBrh gSaA tSls fdlh oj lqUnjhds
}kjk fdlh iq#"kdks vkfyu fd;s tkusls og iqyfdr gks
tkrk gS] oSls gh vkt Jhgfj ;equk tyls O;kIr
oÙnkfofiuesa olUrdkydh 'kksHkkls eqXk gksdj ;qofr;ksa
}kjk vkfyu ijk;.k gksdj fogkj dj jgs gSaA
bl 'yksdesa k`kjds mhiu foHkkxksadk o.kZu gSA bu
foHkkxksals foizyEHk&k`kjdh iqf"V gksrh gS
mUen&enu&euksjFk&ifFkd&okwtu&tfur&foykis A
vfydqy&lady
q &dqleq &lewg&fujkdqy&cdqy&dykis
vUo;mUen&enu&euksjFk&ifFkd&okwtu&tfur&foykis
(mn~xrks enks ;L; rsu xoZLQhrsu enusu euksjFkks ;s"kka
rs"kka ifFkdokwtukuka tfurks foykiks ;su rfLeu~) rFkk
vfydqy&lqy&dqle
q &lewg&fujkdqy&cdqy&dykis (vfy&
dqysu Hkzejfudjs.k lqy% vkdh.kksZ ;% dqlqe&lewg% rsu
fujkdqy% furjkekdqy% O;kIr% bfr ;kor~ odqydyki%
;fLeu~ rkn`'ks) ljl olUrs bR;kfn
vuqoknfiz; lf[k! izoklesa x;s gq, ifr;ksads fojgdk
vuqHkodj fojfgf.k;k dsoy foyki djrh jgrh gSaA rqe
ns[kks rks! bl olUr rqesa ekyrh o`{kksaesa iq"iksadks lek
ysusds fy, dksbZ fj LFkku gh ugha gSA jkf'k&jkf'k cdqy
61
iq"i izQqfYyr gks jgs gSa vkSj buij Js.khc gksdj

vla[; Hkzej xqtkj dj jgs gSa vkSj mkj Jh".k
;qofr;ksads lkFk fogkj rFkk u`R; dj jgs gSaA gk;! dSls
kS;Z kkj.k d:
i|kuqokn
dke&ihfM+rk ikaFk&okw dk O;kfir cgqy foyki]
vfydqy ladqy lqeu euksgj ikni cdqy dykiA
ugha kjrs gSa fojgh khj]
ckycksfkuhizLrqr 'yksdesa olUrdh nqjUrrk vkSj
mUekndrkdk fp=.k djrs gq, l[kh Jhjkkkjkuhls dgrh
gS fd ;g le; fojghtuksads fy, vfr nq"dj gS] bl
le; en rFkk dke vkfoHkZwr gks tkrs gSaA fiz;reds }kjk
izokl gsrq pys tkusij ukukizdkjds euksjFkksads }kjk
izpkfyr gksdj ukf;dk, fojg foyki djrh jgrh gSaA
pgqfnf'k ekSyJh vkfn dqlqelewgds }kjk lqxUk fodh.kZ
djusij vkeksfnr Hkzejdqy tSls fody gksdj xqtu
djrs gSa
e`xen&lkSjHk&jHklo'kaon
uonyeky&rekysA
;qotu&n;&fonkj.k&euflt&u[k#fp&fda'kqdTkkys
vUo;e`xen&lkSjHk&jHkl&o'kaon&uo&nyeky&rekys
(e`xenL; dLrwfjdk;k% ;% lkSjHk&jHkl% lkSjHk&osx%
lkSxUkkfr'k; bfr ;kor~ rL; o'kaonk o'kokuh vuqdkfj.khfr
Hkko%] uo&ny&ekyk fd'ky;lewg% ;s"kq rkn`'k%] rekyk%
;fLeu~ rFkk&Hkwrs)_ rFkk ;qotu&n;&fonkj.k&euflt&
u[k#fp&d'kqd&tkys (;qotukuka r#.kkuka n;&fonkj.kk%
n;Hksndjk% eufltL; enuL; ;s u[kk% rs"kka #fp%
62
JhxhrxksfoUne~
'kksHkkbo #fp% 'kksHkk ;s"kka rFkkHkwrkuka d'kqdkuka iyk'k&dqle

q kuka
tkya lewg% ;fLeu~ rkn`'ks) ljl&olUrs gfj% bR;kfn
vuqoknreky o`{kkoyh uwru iYyoksals foHkwf"kr gks
ekuks dLrwjhdh Hkkfr pkjksa vksj lkSjHkdk foLrkj dj
vkeksfnr gks jgh gSA ns[kks] ns[kks l[kh! bu izQfq Yyr <kd
(iyk'k) ds iq"iksadh dkfUr dkensods u[kds leku fn[kk;h
ns jgh gSA ,slk izrhr gks jgk gS fd enujktus ekuks ;qod
;qofr;ksads o{kLFkydks fonh.kZ dj fn;k gS
i|kuqokn
e`xen&lkSjHk le foLrkfjr ifjey ekqj reky_
;qotu eu&cskd euflt&dj u[k#fp fda'kqd tkyA
n;esa mBrh jg jg ihj
ckycksfkuhleLr fn'kkvksaesa reky o`{kds uohu
iYyo lq'kksfHkr gks jgs gSa vkSj mudh lqxUk dLrqjhds
leku prqnf'k O;kIr gks jgh gSA izLQqfVr iyk'k dqlqe&
lewgdks ns[kdj yxrk gS fd os ekuks fojgh ;qod
;qofr;ksads n;dks fonh.kZ djusds lkkuHkwr enunsods
u[kjs&u[k :ih vk;qk fo'ks"k gSaA
vFkkZr~ Jhekkodk vlkSjHk pkjksa vksj vkeksfnr gks
jgk gS] ijUrq mudk fojg vfr vlguh; gks x;k gSA
muds fojgesa ;qofr;ksadk n; fonh.kZ gks x;k gSA ;g
cM+k gh dBksj gSA
enu&eghifr&dud&n.M#fp&ds'kj&dqleq &fodklsA
fefyr&f'kyheq[k&ikVy&iVy&r&Lej&rw.k&foykls
vUo;enu&eghifr&dud&n.M&#fp&ds'kj&dqlqe
fodk'ks (enueghirs % enu&jktL; ;% dudn.M%
Lo.kZe;;f"V% rL; #fpfjo #fp;ZL; rkn`'k% dslj&dqlqekuka
63
ukxdsljiq"ikuka fodk'kks ;fLeu~ rFkkss)_ rFkk fefyr&

f'kyheq[k&ikVfy&iVy&r&Lej&rw.k&foykls (fefyrk%
leosrk% f'kyheq[kk% Hkzejk% ;s"kq rkn`'kS% ikVfyiVyS%
ikVykdqlqefudjS% r% lEikfnr% LejL; dkeL; ;%
rw.kLrL; foykl% psf"Vra ;fLeu~ rkn`'ks_ ikVfy% ik#yQqy
bfr Hkk"kk_ ikVfyiq"iL; rw.kkdkjRokr~ f'kyheq[k'kCnL; p
f'y"VRokr~ lkE;a) ljlolUrs bR;kfn
vuqoknvc ouds fodflr iq"i&leqnk; ,sls izrhr
gks jgs gSa] ekuks enujktds gsen.M gSa vkSj Hkzejkofyls
ifjosf"Vr ikVfy (ukxds'kj) iq"ilewg ,sls fn[kk;h ns jgs
gSa] ekuks dkensods rw.khj gksaA
i|kuqokn
enujktds dud&n.M&lk dslj&dqlqe&fodkl]
ikVy ij HkkSjksadh Nfodk vfr ekqj foyklA
tqM+h gS ekq&jfldksadh Hkhj]
ckycksfkuhlf[k! enu&eghifrds lqo.kZ N=dh fof'k"V
dkfUrds leku ukxds'kj iq"i izLQqfVr gks jgs gSaA mlesa
Hkh Hkzejkoyhds rh{.k nUr:ih ok.kksals fc ;g olUrdky
fojghtuksads n;dks Hksn jgk gS
foxfyr&yfTtr&txnoyksdu&r#.k&d#.k&rgklsA
fojgh&fuUru&dqUr&eq[kkfr&dsrfd&nUrqfjrk'ks
vUo;foxfyr&yfTtr&txnoyksdu&r#.k&d#.k&rgkls
(foxfyra nwja xra yfTtra yTtk ;s"kka olUrL;
fujfr'k;kshidRokr~ R;yTtkukfefr Hkko% rkn`'kkuka txrka
txn~okfluke~ voyksdusu n'kZusu r#.kS% uofodflr&
iq"iSfjR;FkZ% d#.kS% rnk[;o`{kS% d#.kkusoq bfr Hkk"kk r%
iq"ifodk'k:i&gkl% ;= rkn`'ks)_ ;wukeso dkekfHkKr;k
64
JhxhrxksfoUne~
gkL;L;ksi;qRos f'y"VkFkZL; r#.k'kCnksL;ksiknkue~) rFkk

fojfg&fuUru dqUr&eq[kkfr&dsrfd&nUrqfjrk'ks (fojfg.kka
fo;ksfxuka fuUruk% lagkjdk% ;s dqUrk% vfo'ks"kk% rs"kka
eq [ kkukekfrfjo vkfr&;s " kka rkn` ' kS % ds r fdfHk%
rkked&dqlqefo'ks"kS% (ds;kQqy bfr Hkk"kk) nUrqfjrk%
rnUrfodk'kk% ifjO;kIrk bfr ;kor~ vk'kk% fn'k% ;=
rkn`'ks) ljlolUrs gfj% bR;kfn
vuqoknvjh lf[k! olUrds izrkils ,slk izrhr
gksrk gS fd lEiw.kZ txr fuyZTt gks x;k gSA ;g ns[kdj
r#.k d#.k iknilewg (o`{kjkft) izQqfYyr lqeuksads
O;ktls gl jgs gSaA ns[kks] fojghtuksads n;dks fonh.kZ
djusds fy, cjNhdh uksdds leku vkdkjokys dsrdh
(dsoM+k) izlwu pgqfnf'k izQqfYyr foyflr fodflr gks
jgs gSaA buds la;ksxls fn'kk, Hkh izlk gks jgh gSaA
i|kuqokn
yTtk xfyr fo'odk djrk r#.k d#.k migkl]
fc dsrdh dqUreq[kksals fojgh eu&vkoklA
gkj tkrs gSa iyesa ohj
ckycksfkuhl[kh Jhjkkkthls dg jgh gSI;kjh lf[k!
vkSj D;k dgw] bl olUrdkyesa txrds fojghtu yktdk
R;kxdj fiz;reds fojgesa jksnu dj jgs gSaA lEiw.kZ
txresa izk.khek=dh gh yTtk iw.kZ:is.k lekIr gks x;h
gSA txrdh bl n'kkdk voyksdu djds r#.k d#.k
foVikoyh f[kys ,oa |qfreku iq"iksads cgkusls gkL;lqkk
fc[ksj jgh gSaA
vFkok foykfluh f;ksads n;dh dkeoklukdks tkudj
uor#.k iq#"k gkL;ke`rdks izdkf'kr dj jgk gSA
d#.kk vkSj gkL; nksuksa fdl izdkj lEHko gS\
65
d#.kk blfy, fd d.Bk'ys"k iz.k;htuksads fo;ksxesa

budh cM+h nhu n'kk gksrh gS vkSj gkL;dk dkj.k gS]
fojghtuksadh vkhjrkA f[kys dsrdh iq"iksads vxzHkkxdks
ns[kdj ,slk izrhr gksrk gS fd os fojfg;ksads n;dk
fonkj.k djus gsrq cjNh gksA
ekkfodk&ifjey&yfyrs uoekfyd;kfrlqxUkkSA
eqfu&eulkefi eksgu&dkfjf.k r#.kkdkj.kcUkkS
vUo;ekkfodk&ifjey&yfyrs (ekkfodk;k% ifjeysu
vkeksnsu yfyrs euksgjs) rFkk uoekfyd;k (uoekfydk&
dqlqesu) vfrlqxUkkS (vfrlqjfHkr) vr,o eqfu&eulkefi
(rkil&fpkkukefi_ dk okkkZ dkfeuke~ bR;isjFkZ%) eksgu&dkfj.k
(eksgdjs) rFkkp r#.kkdkj.koUkkS (,d'ks"kLr#.k'kCn%_
r#.kkuka r#.khukpsR;FkZ%_ vdkj.koUkkS vf=elqfn_ gsrqa
foukfi fgrdkfj.khR;FkZ%) ljl&olUrs gfj% bR;kfn
vuqokn;g olUr ekl oklUrh iq"iksads edjUnls
vfr'k; yfyr ,oa euksgj gks jgk gS rFkk uoekfydk
(twgh) iq"iksadh lqxUkls lqxfUkr gks jgk gSA bldkyesa rks
eqfu;ksads euesa Hkh fodkj mRik gks tkrk gS] os eqXk gks
mBrs gSaA ;g olUr ;qokoxZdk vdkj.k cUkq gS
i|kuqokn
ekkfodk&ekyrh&xUk vc
jgh fn'kkesa O;kiA
eksfgr eqfu&eu fody r#.k tu [kprs vius vki
fn[kk;s dSls fg;dks phj]
ckycksfkuhekkoh yrkds iq"iksads ijkxls ;g olUr
rq euksgj gks x;k gS vkSj okrkoj.k uoekfydk (twgh)
dh lqxUkls lqokflr gks x;k gSA ;g lqokflrrk eqfutuksads
66
JhxhrxksfoUne~
euesa dkefodkjdks mRik djk nsrh gS_ fQj lkkkj.k

iq#"kksadh rks ckr gh D;k dh tk;\ tc ,slk olUr
le; gksrk gS] rc vpsru yrk dkUr (o`{k) ds fcuk
ugha jg ldrh gS] rks psruLo:ik ge tSlh h&yrk,
dkUrds fcuk dSls jg ldrh gSa\ mlesa Hkh ekqdjksadk
xqtu] dks;yksadk dwtu vkSj Hkh n;fonkjd gks tkrk
gSA
,slh fLFkfresa og olUr r#.k&r#f.k;ksadk vdkj.k
cUkq gS
LQqjnfreqkyrk&ifjjEHk.k&iqyfdr&eqdqfyr pwrsA
oÙnkou&fofius
ifjlj&ifjxr&;equktyiwrs
vUo;LQqjnfreqkyrk&ifjjEHk.k&iqyfdr&eqdfq yr&pwrs
(LQwjUrhuka vkdfEirkuke~ vfreqkyrkuka ekkohyrkuka
ifjjEHk.ksu vkfyusu iqyfdrk% tkrjksekpk% bo eqdfq yrk%
bZ"kn~fodflreqdqyk% pwrk% jlkyk% ;= rkn`'ks) ;Fkk df'pr~
ojkukfyfr% tkrjksekpks Hkofr rFksfr Hkko%_ rFkk
ifjlj&ifjxr&;equk&tyiwrs (ifjljs"kq i;ZUrHkwfe"kq izkUrs"kq
bR;FkZ% ifjxrk izkIrk ;k ;equk rL;k% tyS% iwrs ifo=hrs
lq'kksfHkrs bfr rkRi;kZFkZ%) oÙnkou&fofius (oÙnkou&dkuus)
ljlolUrs gfj% bR;kfn
vuqokngs lf[k! piy eqkyrkds vkfyuls ;q
eqdqfyr (etfj;ksals iw.kZ) rFkk jksekfpr vkezo`{kksals
;q oÙnkfofiuds lfkdV izokgekuk ;equkds ikou tyesa
Jhgfj ;qofr;ksads lkFk ijLij fefyr gksdj fogkj dj jgs
gSa
i|kuqokn
ok;q ppfyr yrk ekkohls vkfyfr vke]
ifjiqf"ir gS_ iwr tequ&tyls oÙnkou&kke
67
lek;k mlesa lkxj {khj

ckycksfkuhbl oklfUrd dkyesa psruds lkFk tM+
inkFkZ Hkh dkels for ns[ks tk ldrs gSaA lehj.kds o'k
gqbZ vfreqkyrk (ekkohyrk) us tc vkezo`{kdk vkfyu
fd;k rks og eqdqfyr vkSj jksekfpr gks x;kA lfUudVesa
izokfgr gksusokyh ;equkds tyls ifo= oÙnkfofiuesa Jh".k
dsfyhM+k dj jgs gSa
Jht;nso&Hkf.krfeneqn;rq
gfjpj.kLe`frlkja A
ljl&olUr≤ ouo.kZueuqxr enu&fodkje~
vUo;Jht;nso&Hkf.kre~ (t;nsoksa) bne~ vuqxr&
enufodkja (vuqxra vuql`ra enuL; dkeL; fodkjks
fof;k ;su rr~ dkekhidfeR;FkZ%) gfj&pj.k&Le`frlkja
(gfjpj.k;ks% Le`fr% Lej.keso lkj% ijekFkksZ ;L; rFkkHkwra)
ljl&olUre;&ouo.kZua (ljl% ;% olUrle;% r=
ouo.kZue~) mn;rq (Hkn;s o` xPNrq)
vuqoknJht;nso dfo }kjk o.kr Jh".k&fojgtfur
mRdf.Brk Jhjkkkds enufodkjls lEofyr bl olUr
le;dh ou'kksHkkdk fp=.k:i ;g ljl eyxhr vfr
mR"V :ils izdkf'kr gqvk gSA ;g oklfUrd dky
dkefodkjksals vuqL;wr gS tks Jhgfjds pj.kdeydh Le`frdks
mfnr djkrk gS
i|kuqokn
Jht;nso dkO; dsoy gfj&pj.k&Le`frdk lkj]
ljl olUr le; ou&o.kZu vuqxr enu&fodkjA
68
JhxhrxksfoUne~
ygj mBrk je.khdk phj

ckycksfkuhdfo Jht;nso bl xhrdk milagkj djrs
gq, blds mRd"kZdk o.kZu djrs gSaA bl eyxhresa
gfjpj.k Le`frlkj:i k`kj&jlds iks"kd olUrdkyds
oufogkjdk vfHkO;tu gSA bl xhrdh t; gksA ftldk
enufodkj gqvk gS] ,sls fudVokhZ tu gh bldk Jo.k
djsa] ftlls muds fodkj nwj gks tk;saxsA
;g eyxhr v"Vinh; gS] ftlesa tkfr uked
vykj gSA blesa o.kr Jhjkkk e;k ukf;dk gSaA blesa
Jh".k nf{k.k uk;dds :iesa gSaA blesa k`kj jldk
foizyEHk Hkko gSA blesa iz;q NUndk uke y; gSA
bl r`rh; izcUkdk uke ^êkkoksRlo deykdj** gSA
nj&fonfyr&eYyh&ofYy&ppr~&ijkx&
izdfVr&iVoklSokZl;u~
dkuukfuA
bg fg ngfr psr% dsrdh&xUk&cUkq%
izljnleck.k&izk.kon~&xUkckg%
vUo;vFk olUrok;q o.kZ;fr dfo%bg (olUrs)
dsrdhxUkoUkq% (dsrdhuka xUkL; oUkq% fuR;lgpj%
vR;kxlgubR;FkZ%) rFkk izljnleok.k&izk.kor~ (izlju~
izfrfn'ka lpju~ r#.kpsrfl izo` xPNu~ ;% vleok.k%
ipok.k% enu bR;FkZ% enuks= uìRosu fu:fir% rL;
izk.kor~ izk.kln`'ka vfrfiz; bR;FkZ%_ vL; fujfr'k;&
enukshidRokfnfr Hkko%) xUkokg% (nf{k.kkfuy%) l[;qjkKk
ikyuh;k bR;kyksP; nj&fonfyreYyh&ofYy& ppr~ijkx&
izdfVr&iV&oklS% (nj&fonfyrkuke~ bZ"kn~& fodflrkuka
eYyhuka efYydkuka ;k oYy;% yrk% rklka ppUr%
izljUr% ;s ijkxk% iq"ijs.ko% rs ,o izdfVrk% LQqVhrk%
69
iVoklk% lqxUkpw.kZfo'ks"kk% rS%) dkuukfu okl;u~ (lqjHkhdqouZ )~

psr% fo;ksfxukfefr 'ks"k% ngfr fg (furjka lUrki;R;so)
vuqokngs lf[k! ns[kks] vZ izLQqfVr efYydkyrkds
edjUnds 'osrpw.kZls ouLFkyh 'osr iVokl }kjk lekPNkfnr
gks x;h gSA dsrdh dqlqeksads lqxUkls ey;iou vkeksfnr
gks jgk gS] ;g iou dkensods ck.kds leku mldk
izk.kl[kk ou fojghtuksads n;dks nXk dj jgk gS
ckycksfkuhl[kh Jhjkkkthds lEeq[k olUrdkyesa
izogekuk ey;ok;qdh mhiukdk o.kZu djrh gqbZ dg jgh
gS fd iou fojghtuksads n;dks rkfir dj jgk gSA ;fn
;g iwNk tk; fd fdl vijkkds dkj.k ok;q fpkdks
nXk dj jgh gS rks blds mkjesa dgrs gSa] ;g iou
dkensodk izk.krqY; gS] vr% vius l[kkds vkns'kdk
ikyu djrs gq, fojghtuksads n;dks rikus yxrk gSA bl
olUrdkyesa efYydk&yrk bZ"kr~ :ils fodflr gks x;h
gS] mlds mh;eku ijkxiqt gh iVokl cu x;s gSa vkSj
dsrdh izlwuksads bl ifjey&pw.kZls ok;q lqxUkls ifjiw.kZ gks
x;h gS] dkensods leku ;g iou Hkh fojghtuksadks
lUrIr dj jgk gSA vr,o ;g lehj.k dkensods izk.kds
leku gSA
izLrqr 'yksd ekfyuh NUndk gS] leklksf rFkk
o.kkZuqizkl vykjksadh lal`f"V gS
v|ksRl&olqt&doy&Dys'kkfnos'kkpya
izkys;&IyousPN;kuqljfr Jh[k.M'kSykfuy%A
fdp fLuXk&jlky&ekSfy&eqdqykU;kyksD; g"kksnZ ;k&
nqUehyfUr dqgq% dqgwfjfr dykskkyk% fidkuka fxj%
vUo;v| (vkquk) Jh[k.M'kSykfuy% (Jh[k.M'kSyL;
ey;kpyL; vfuy% ok;q%) mRl&oln~Hkqt&doy&Dys'kkr~
bo (mRls ksM+s olUr% ;s Hkwtk% likZ% rs"kka doysu
70
JhxhrxksfoUne~
xzklsu ;% Dys'k% rLekr~)_ Hkqtk% iouk'kuk% bfr yksds

izflfeso rL;_ Hkqtdoysu fo"kO;kIrnsgRokfnfr Hkko%
izkys;&IyousPN;k (izkys;s"kq fges"kq IyousPN;k voxkguk'k;k
fo"kTokyk;k% 'kkUr;s bfr Hkko%) bZ'kkpya (bZ'kL; egknsoL;
vpy% ioZr% fgekpyLra) vuqljfr (xPNfr)_ pUnur#
dksVjLFk&fo"kkj&doy&lUrIrksok;q% fgeLukusPN;k fgekpya
;krho_ olUrs nf{k.kfnxZokuks ey;kpykr~ ok;s#kj=
xeukr~ mkjs p fgekpyL; voLFkkukr~ b;eqRisz{kkA
fdp fLuXk&jlky&ekSfyeqdqykfu (fLuXkkfu dkseykfu
jlkykuka pwrr:.kka ekSfy"kq f'k[kjs"kq ;kfu eqdqykfu rkfu)
vkyksD; (n`"V~ok) g"kksZn;kr~ (vkuUnksn;kr~) fidkuka
(dksfdykuka) dqgq% dqgwfjfr dykskkyk% (dyk vO;ekqjk
mkkyk vR;qPpk%)] fxj% (ou;%) mUehyfUr (mn~xPNfUr)
vuqoknvjh lf[k! lquk gS Jh[k.M'kSy (ey;
ioZr) esa cgqrls liZ fuokl djrs gSa] ogkdk iou
Hkqtksads fo"kls fuf'pr gh tTtZj gks x;k gS] blls ,slk
yxrk gS fd og ml fo"k Tokykls tydj fge lfyyesa
Luku djusds fy, fgeky;dh vksj izokfgr gksus yxk gSA
ns[kks! ns[kks! lf[k! ekqj] euksgj] fLuXk jlkyekSfy
eqdqyksa (etfj;ksa) dks ns[kdj g"kZls foHkksj dksfdy
dqgq&dqgqdh ekqj ok.khesa mPpLojls dwtu dj jgh gSA
i|kuqokn
lrr liZ ihM+kls rkfir] ey; iou fgens'k
cgusdks vkrqj jgrk gS] fuf'kfnu dksey os'kA
ekqj vkeds oksjksals ;k c<+rk tkrk feyus
tks dksfdydh dqgq dqgq lqu enls yxrs f[kyus
ckycksfkuhizLrqr 'yksdesa l[khus k`kj jlds nksuksa
foHkkoksadk fp=.k fd;k gSA bl ekqeklesa ey;kpydh
ok;q fgens'kdh vksj vk jgh gSA jkrfnu ey;fxfjesa
71
pUnuds o`{kksaij tgjhys lki vofLFkr jgrs gSaA blh

dkj.k og gok fgeky;dh vksj izLFkku dj jgh gSA
liksds na'kuds dkj.k ey;kpyesa lUrki mRik gks x;k
gSA ,slk izrhr gksrk gS fd vius ml lUrkids dkj.k gh
gok fgeky;dh 'khr gokdk vkuUn izkIr djusds fy,
fgens'kdks tk jgh gSA
bl le; jlky r#ojksaesa etfj;k Hkh mwr gks
tkrh gSaA bu vkedh ckSjksadks ns[kdj dksfdy leqnk;
g"kZls vkkfnr gksdj mPpLojls dqgq&dqgqdk Loj vkyki
djus yxk gSA
bl rjgdh mUekfnuh izksUekfnuh osykesa Jh".kls
rqEgkjk Mjuk mfpr ugha gS] jkks!
izLrqr 'yksdesa 'kknwZy fohfM+r NUn] vuqizkl rFkk
miek vyadkj] oSnHkhZ jhfr rFkk foizyEHk k`kjdk lwpd
jfr uked LFkk;h Hkko gS
mUehyUekqxUk&yqCk&ekqi&O;kkwr&pwrkqj&
hM+r&
~ dksfdy&dkdyh&dydyS#n~xh.kZd.kZTojk%A
uh;Urs ifFkdS% dFkadFkefi ;kukokku{k.k&
izkIr&izk.klek&lekxe&jlksYyklSjeh okljk%
bfr JhxhrxksfoUns r`rh; lUnHkZ%A
vUo;bnkuha fpjfojfg.k% fiz;klea fouk fnu;kiua
nq?kZVfeR;kgmUehyUekq&xUk&yqCk&ekqi&O;kkwr&pqrkqj&
hM+r&~ dksfdy&dkdyh&dydyS% (mUehyRlq izljRlq ekqxUks"kq
edjUnxUks"kq yqCkS% yksyqiS% ekqiS% HkzejS% O;kkwrk% dfEirk%
;s pwrkadqjk% vkezeqdqykfu rs"kq hMrka dksfdykuka
dkdyhdydyS% lw{eekqjh&LQqVofufHk%) mn~xh.kZd.kZTojk%
(mn~xh.kkZ% mwrk% d.kZTojk% Jks=ihMk% ;s"kq rFkksk%)
72
JhxhrxksfoUne~
;kukokku&{k.kizkIrizk.klek&lekxe&jlksYyklS% (;kua
dkUrk;kf'pUrua r= ;r~ vokkue~ vfHkfuos'k% rL; {k.ks
izkIr% vuqHkwr% izk.klek;k% iz.kf;U;k% lekxejlsu llq[ksu
mYykl% vkuUn% ;S% rkn`'kS% lf%) ifFkdS% (fojfgfHk%)
veh okljk% (olUrfnolk%) dFkadFkefi (vfrPNs.k)
uh;Urs (vfrckUrs)
vuqokngs lf[k! ns[kks! mUehfyr vkez eqdqyds
iq"i fdtYdds ekqxUkds yqCk Hkzejksals izdkf'kr etfj;ksa
ij dks;ysa hM+k djrh gqbZ dqgq&dqgq jols ekqj ofu dj
jgh gSa vkSj bl dksykgyls fojghtuksadks d.kZToj gks jgk
gSA olUr rqds okljksaesa fojghtu vfr'k; dBksj fojg
;krukds dkj.k izk.kle izs;fl;ksadk fpUru djus yxrs
gSaA rc muds eq[ke.Myds ;kuls] muds lekxe tfur
vkuUnds vkfoHkwZr gks tkusls {kf.kd lq[k ykHk djrs gq,
os vfr d"ViwoZd le;dks vfrokfgr djrs gSa
ckycksfkuhl[kh Jhjkkkthls dg jgh gS fd fojghtuksd
a k
fiz; fojg Hkh vfr nq%lg gksrk gSA Jh".k&fojgesa ey;
iou gh dsoy ihM+kizn gksrk gS] ,slk ugha] vkezo`{kesa
cSBusokyh dks;yksadh dqgq&dqgq vfr ekqj ,oa vLQqV
ofu pkjksa vksj xqtu djus yxrh gS] ftlesa fojghtuksadk
n; vfr'k; :ils vuqrIr gksrk gSA ;s hM+kijk;.k
dks;ysa dyofuls d.kZToj izknqHkwZr dj jgh gSaA tc
dks;ydk Loj lqudj fojgh fiz;rekdk Lej.k djrs gSa
rks mUgsa yxrk gS fd izk.klek fiz;rekdk lekxe gks x;k
gSA ;g le; vfr d"ViwoZd vfrokfgr gksrk gSA
bl 'yksdesa 'kknwZy fohfM+r NUn gSA buesa dkO;fy
uked vykj] xkSM+h;k jhfr rFkk foizyEHk k`kj jl gSA
ôkljk%* inesa cgqopudk iz;ksx vkSfpR;;q gS
bfr JhxhrxksfoUns r`rh;% lUnHkZ%A
73
prqFkZ% lUnHkZ%
vusd&ukjh&ifjjEHk&lEHkze&
LQqjUeuksgkfj&foykl&ykyle~A
eqjkfjekjknqin'kZ;UR;lkS
l[khle{ka iqujkg jkfkdke~
vUo;rr'p r;ks% Jh".kkuqlUkku&ps"Vk lQyk
ltkrkA Jh".k% r;ksusZ=iFkokhZ oHkqo ,oa le;s vlkS
(iwoksZk Jhjkkk;k% l[kh) vkjkr~ (vufrnwjs) leofLFkrfefr
'ks"k% vusdukjh&ifjjEHk&lEHkze&LQqjUeuksgkfj&foyklykyle~
(vusdkuka ukjh.kka xksir#.khuka ifjjEHks fuHkZjkfyus ;%
lEHkze% vkosx% rsu LQqju~ fujfr'k;LQwk'kkyh vr,o
euksgkjh fpkkd"kZ.kdkjh ;% foykl% dsfy% r= ykylk
,dkUrkSRlqD;a ;L; rkn`'ka) eqjkj le{ka (v{.kks% lehis)
min'kZ;Urh (vqyhlsrsu izn'kZ;Urh) iqu% jkfkdke~
vkg
vuqoknvuUrj Jhjkfkdkthdh l[khus cM+h prqjrkls
Jh".kdk vuqlUkku dj fy;kA l[khus ns[kk fd vfr
lkfk;esa gh Jh".k xksi&;qofr;ksads lkFk izeksn foyklesa
fueXu vknjkfr'k;rkdks izkIr dj jgs gSaA mu jef.k;ksads
}kjk vkfyudh mRlqdrk fn[kk;s tkus ij Jh".kds
euesa euksK euksgj foykldh ykylk tkx mBh gSA l[kh
vUrjkyls (vkM+esa fNidj) jkkkthdks fn[kykrh gqbZ iqu%
;g cksyh
i|kuqokn
ifjjEHk efnj jl ekry
izenk ifjosf'kr gfjdksA
fn[kyk] jkkkls vkyh
cksyh ih dj ekq Nfcdks
74
JhxhrxksfoUne~
ckycksfkuhou'kksHkkds fp=.k vkfnds }kjk dfous

Jhjkkkthds lqnhIr Hkkodks izdkf'kr fd;k gSA dksbZ l[kh
Jhjkkkthds lehi mifLFkr gksdj Jh".kds vfHkizk;dks
lk{kkr~ :ils fn[kykrh gqbZ dgrh gS (vusd ukjh bfr
'yksdds }kjk)lf[k ns[kks! eqjkfj bl le; D;k dj jgs
gSa\ os bl le; bruh r#f.k;ksadk vkfyu izkIr djds
Hkh rÌr ugha gks lds gSa] blfy, vfr euksgkfj.kh
Jhjkkkthls feyudh mRlqdrk izdV djus yxs gSa vkSj
foykldh ykylkls mRdf.Br gks x;s gSaA
Jh".kdk yhykfoykl fuR; gS] blfy, ;g izR;{k
Hkh gSA fojgesa Lej.k] LQwk rFkk vkfoHkkZo;s rhu
oSf'k"V ifjyf{kr gksrs gSaA
vr% ;gk foykldk LQqfjr gksuk ;qflr gSA blesa
oa'kLFkfoyk NUn] vuqizkl vykj ,oa nf{k.k uk;d
gSa
xhre~
jkefdjhjkxs.k ;frrkysu p xh;rsA
pUnu&ppr&uhy&dysoj ihrolu&ouekyh
dsfypyUef.k&dq.My&ef.Mr&x.M;qx&fLer'kkyh
gfjfjg&eqXk&okqfudjs
foykfluh foylfr dsfyijskzqoe~
ihu&i;kskj&Hkkj&Hkjs.k gfja ifjjH; ljkxaA
xksiokwjuqxk;fr dkfpnqnfpr&ipe&jkxe~
gfjfjg&eqXk&okqfudjs---
75
dkfi foykl&foyksy&foykspu&[ksyu&tfur&eukstAa
;k;fr eqXkokwjfkda ekqlnw u&onu&ljkste~
dkfi diksyrys fefyrk yfirqa fdefi JqfrewysA
pk# pqpqEc furEcorh nf;ra iqydSjuqdwys
dsfy&dyk&dqrqdsu p dkfpneqa ;equkoudqysA
etqy&otqy&dqtxra fopd"kZ djs.k nqdwys
djry&rky&rjy&oy;kofy&dfyr&dyLou&oa'ksA
jkljls lgu`R;ijk
gfj.kk ;qofr% iz'kalls
f'y";fr dkefi pqEcfr dkefi dkefi je;fr jkekaA
i';fr lfLer&pk#rjkeijkeuqxPNfr ckeka
Jht;nso&Hkf.krfeneqr&ds'ko&dsfy&jgL;a A
oÙnkou&fofius yfyra foruksrq 'kqHkkfu ;'kL;e~
uhps izR;sd i|] vUo;] 'yksdkuqokn] i|kuqokn rFkk
ckycksfkuh O;k[;k nh tk jgh gS
prqFkZ izcUkds 'yksd jkefdjh jkx rFkk ;fr rkyls
xk;s tkrs gSaA
pUnu&ppr&uhy&dysoj ihrolu&ouekyh
dsfypyUef.k&dq.My&ef.Mr&x.M;qx&fLer'kkyh
gfjfjg&eqXk&okqfudjs
foykfluh foylfr dsfyijskzqoe~
76
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vUo;vf; foykflfu (foyklofr) dsfy&pyUef.k&

dq.My&ef.Mr&x.M;qx&fLer'kkyh (dsfyuk hM+kjlsu pyUrh
;s ef.kdq.Mys jRue;&d.kZHkw"k.ks rkH;ka ef.Mra 'kksfHkra
x.M;qxa diksy;qxya ;L; l%_ rFkk fLersu e`nqgklsu
'kkyrs 'kksHkrs bfr fLer'kkyh] l pklkS l psfr rFkk)
pUnu&ppr&uhydysoj&ihrolu&ouekyh (pUnuS% ppre~
vuqfyIra uhya dysoja ;L; l%_ rFkk ihr olua ;L;
rFkks%_ rFkk ouekyh oudqlqe&ekykkj%_ l pklkS l
pklkS l pklkS l psfr rFkk) gfj% bg (vfLeu~) dsfyijs
(hM+kls) eqXkokwfudjs (lqUnjh&lewgs) foylfr (fogjfr)
vgks Jh".kL; vr&osfnRoe~! Rok&pUnu&ouekyk&Hkwf"kr
LRon~o.kZoluko`rk;f"Vjso foylrhR;oyksd;
vuqokngs foykfluh Jhjkks! ns[kks! ihrolu kkj.k
fd;s gq,] vius reky&';key&vksaesa pUnudk foysiu
djrs gq,] dsfyfoyklijk;.k Jh".k bl oÙnkfofiuesa
eqXk okqfV;ksads lkFk ije vkeksfnr gksdj fogkj dj jgs
gSa] ftlds dkj.k nksuksa dkuksaesa dq.My nksyk;eku gks jgs
gSa] muds diksy};dh 'kksHkk vfr vqr gSA ekqe;
gklfoyklds }kjk eq[ke.My vqr ekkq;Zdks izdV dj
jgk gS
i|kuqokn
pUnu ppr uhy dysoj ihr olu ouekyh
dsfy ppyk ef.k dq.My xfr fLereq[k 'kksHkk'kkyhA
dke eksfgrk] :i xork] xksihtu dj lkks
foyl jgs gSa Jhgfj vkrqj] fujf[k foykflfu jkks
ckycksfkuhbl xhrdk jkx jkedjh rFkk >Eik rky
gSA jl&etjhdkjus ;gk :id rky ekuk gSA
tc dkUrk uhyolu kkj.kdj izHkkrdkyhu vkdk'kdh
Hkkfr Lo.ke vkHkw"k.k igudj vius dkUrds izfr mkr
77
izdkjdk eku dj cSBrh gS] rc og dkUr muds pj.kksads

lehi fLFkr gksdj eukus yxrs gSa] ml le;koLFkkdk
o.kZu jkedjh jkxesa gksrk gSA
tgk Jhjkkkth viuh l[khds lkFk fo|eku gSa] muls
FkksMh+ gh nwj Jh".k dsfyijk;.k rFkk foykl;q ukf;dkvksd
a s
lewgesa foyklfogkj dj jgs gSa] ftls ns[kdj jkkkthds euesa
Hkh Jh".kds lkFk je.k djusdh ykylk tkx mBrh gSA
Jh".k fudqtouesa fdlh oztlqUnjhdks vkfyu djrs gSa
rks ".kds n;esa jkkkthdh LQwk gksus yxrh gS
eqXkeqXk 'kCn eqXkk ukf;dkds Hksn rFkk lqUnj
nksuksadk okpd gSA eqXkds ;s nksuksa gh vFkZ ;gk vfHkizsr
gSAa
foykl,d gkoHkkofo'ks"kdk uke gSA ukV'kkesa
Hkjreqfuus dgk gS
LFkkus ;kuklus okfi us= oD=kfn deZ.kkA
mRik|rs fo'ks"kks ;% l foykl% izdhkr%
vFkkZr~ pyrs] cSBrs rFkk ;k=k djusds le; us= ,oa
eq[k vkfndh f;k vkSj Hkhds }kjk tks euksgj ps"Vk
gksrh gS] ogh foykl 'kCnls vfHkfgr gSA
fLerJh".k eqLdjk jgs gSaA bZ"kr~ gkldks fLer
dgrs gSaA Hkjr eqfuds 'kCnksaesa
bZ"kn~ fodflrSxZ.MS% dVk{kS% lkS"BokfUorS%A
vyf{krf}ta khjeq kekuka fLera Hkos r ~
vFkkZr~ tks O;f eqLdjkrk gS] mlds nkr fn[kyk;h
ugha iM+rs gSaA fLeresa euksgj dVk{kds }kjk diksy FkksM+s
fodflr vo'; gks tkrs gSaA
ihu&i;kskj&Hkkj&Hkjs.k gfja ifjjH; ljkxaA

xksiokwjuqxk;fr dkfpnqnfpr&ipe&jkxe~
78
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vUo;lf[k] dkfpr~ xksiokw% ihui;kskj&Hkkj&Hkjs.k

(ihu;ks% fo'kky;ks% i;kskj;ks% Lru;ks% HkkjHkjs.k Hkkjkfr'k;su_
fufoM+&LruHkkjkfr'k;su bR;FkZ%) ljkxa ;FkkL;kr~ rFkk gj
ifjjH; (fuHkZjekfy) mnfpripejkxa (mnfpr mn~?kksf"kr
mPpSxhZr bfr ;kor~ ipejkxks ;fLeu~ rn~ ;Fkk rFkk)
vuq (i'pkr~ ifjjEHk.kkuUrjfeR;FkZ%) xk;frA gfjfjgsR;kfn
loZ= ;ksT;e~
vuqoknns[kks lf[k! og ,d xksikuk vius ihurj
i;kskj&;qxyds foiqy Hkkjdks Jh".kds o{kLFkyij
lfUufo"Vdj izxk<+ vuqjkxds lkFk lqn`<+:ils vkfyu
djrh gqbZ muds lkFk ipe Lojesa xkus yxrh gSA
i|kuqokn
dksbZ ihu i;kskj xksih ;qx Hkqtesa ck tkrh
gfj xk;uds vUr lkFk mB ipe Lojesa xkrh
ckycksfkuhl[kh Jhjkkkthls xksfi;ksadh Jh".kds
lkFk dh tkusokyh ps"Vkvksadk o.kZu djrh gqbZ dgrh
gSgs jkks] rqEgkjs lkFk Jh".kdk tks foykl gS] og
vleksZ gSA foiqy Lruokyh xkSjokfr'k; ;qk xksihds
}kjk vfr'k; vuqjkxds lkFk Jh".kdk vkfyu fd;k
tkuk rks ,d vkHkkl ek= gSA Hkyk ;s lqUnfj;k rqEgkjh
lekurk dgk dj ldrh gSaA
vkxs&vkxs Jhgfj ipe jkxesa xk jgs gSa vkSj xksih
muds xkusds ckn mlh izdkjls xk jgh gSA
xksihdks ihu i;kskjorh crkuk mldh lkSUn;kZfr'k;rkdks
lwfpr djuk gSA
blesa Jh".kdh vfuiq.krk Hkh izn'kr gks jgh gSA
vr,o muds }kjk vkfyudk iz;kl fd;s fcuk gh xksih
mudk vkfyu dj jgh gSA vr% ;g dsfy jgL; ekqj
gksusij Hkh Jhjkkkthds vHkkoesa dSls Js"B gks ldrk gS\
79
ijLij vkfyu fd;s tkusij gh k`kj jl ifjiq"V gksrk

gS] tks rqEgkjs (Jhjkkkthds) lkFk gh lEHko gSA fQj Hkh
rqEgkjk Lej.k djrs gq, Jh';kelqUnjdh yhykps"Vk ns[kksA
k`kj jlesa ipe jkxdk gh izk;% xku fd;k tkrk
gSA
Hkjr eqfuus dgk Hkh gS
ipea e; Hkwf;"Ba gkL; k`kj;ksHkZosr~A
vFkkZr~ gkL; rFkk k`kj jlesa e;rky izpqj ipe
jkx gh xk;k tkrk gS
dkfi foykl&foyksy&foykspu&[ksyu&tfur&eukstAa
;k;fr eqXkokwjfkda ekqlwnu&onu&ljkste~
vUo;lf[k] dkfi eq X kokw % (uohuk je.kh)
foykl&foyksy&foykspu&[ksyu&tfur&eukste~ (foyklsu
foyksy;ks% pVqy;ks% foykspu;ks% u;u;ks% [ksyusu pkyuHkk
dVk{kikrsusR;FkZ% tfur% eukst% dke% ;= rr~ ;FkkL;kr~
rFkk) ekqlwnu&onu&ljkste~ (Jhgfjeq[k&ite~) vfkda
(vfrek=a) ;k;fr (fpUr;fr fujh{krs_ Hkzejor~ jlfo'ks"kk&
Uos"k.kij bfr f'y"V&ekqlnw u&inksiU;kl%) vU;r~ iwoo
Z r~
vuqoknns[kks lf[k! Jh".k ftl izdkj fut vfHkjke
eq[ke.Mydh k`kj jl Hkjh ppy us=ksadh dqfVy
n`f"Vls dkfefu;ksads fpkesa enu fodkj djrs gSa] mlh
izdkj ;g ,d ojkuk Hkh ml onudeyesa vf'y"V
(lal) edjUn ikudh vfHkyk"kkls ykylkfUor gksdj
mu Jh".kdk ;ku dj jgh gSA
i|kuqokn
dksbZ ykl yksy ykspuls cus lgt erokysA
ekqlwnuds eq[k ljfltesa Bxh] nhB&ekq <kys
80
JhxhrxksfoUne~
ckycksfkuheqXkkukf;dkdh ps"Vkvksadk o.kZu djrh

gqbZ l[kh dg jgh gSog ukf;dk Jh".kds eq[k
deydk ;ku dj jgh gSA Jh';kelqUnj izsefoyklds
dkj.k foyflr vius ppy us=ksals n`f"V Mkydj oj
jef.k;ksads enufodkjdks vfHkor dj jgs gSa vkSj
vR;fkd vkuUndk vuqHko eu&gh&eu dj jgs gSaA eqXkk
ukf;dkesa yTtkdk izkpq;Z gksrk gS] vr,o mldh k`kfjd
ps"Vk, cM+h gh e;kZfnr gksrh gSa
dkfi diksyrys fefyrk yfirqa fdefi JqfrewysA

pk# pqpqEc furEcorh nf;ra iqydSjuqdwys
vUo;lf[k] furEcorh (foiqyfurEck) dkfi (r#.kh
xksikuk) Jqfrewys (d.kZewys) fdefi yfirqa (Hkkf"krqa)
fefyrk (fdfpr~ dFkuPNysu lrk lrh) iqydS% (jksekpS%)
fiz;re&Li'kZl[q ksu&vkhjk lrhfr Hkko% vuqdy
w s (vfHkyk"kqd]s
fiz;kfHkyk"klwpds bfr ;kor~) diksyrys (fiz;reL; x.Mns'ks)
pk# (euksKa ;FkkL;kr~ rFkk) nf;ra (fiz;a gj) pqpqEc
vuqoknog ns[kks lf[k! ,d furfEcuh (xksih) us
vius izk.koYyHk Jh".kds d.kZ (Jqfrewy) esa dksbZ
jgL;iw.kZ ckr djusds cgkus tSls gh x.MLFkyij eqg
yxk;k rHkh Jh".k mlds ljl vfHkizk;dks le> x;s
vkSj jksekfpr gks mBsA iqydkfpr Jh".kdks ns[k og
jfldk ukf;dk viuh euksokNkdks iw.kZ djus gsrq
vuqdwy volj izkIr djds muds diksydks ijekuUnesa
fueXu gks pqEcu djus yxhA
i|kuqokn
pk# furEcorh dksbZ fel dkuksaesa dqN dgus
iqyd diksy pwe Jhgfjds yxh izse jl cgus
81
ckycksfkuhfurEcorh fdlh izkS<+k ukf;dkdh lkSUn;kZ&

fr'k;rkdks bl in }kjk lwfpr fd;k x;k gSA lf[k;ksads
chpesa fiz;redk pqEcu djuk vuqfpr gS] blfy,
dk;kZUrj ckskudk cgkuk cukdj mlus Jh".kds diksyizkUrdks
pwe fy;kbl okD;ka'kds }kjk ukf;dkds k`kj oSnX;dks
lwfpr fd;k x;k gS] ;gk Jh".k vuqdwy uk;d gSa
dsfy&dyk&dqrqdsu p dkfpneqa ;equkoudqysA

etqy&otqy&dqtxra fopd"kZ djs.k nqdwys
vUo;lf[k] dkfpr~ (xksiyyuk) ;equkdwys (;equkrhjs)
etqy&otqy&dqtxra (etqy% euksgj% ;% otqydqt%
yrkfnfifgrks osrldqt% r= xra) veqa (gj) dsfydyk&
dqrqdsu (dsfydyk;ka lqjruSiq.;s ;r~ dqrqde~ vkSRlqD;a
rsu gsrquk) djs.k (gLrsu) nqdwys (ihrkEcjs) fopd"kZ
(vk"Vorh)
vuqoknlf[k! ns[kks] ;equk iqfyuij euksgj osrlh
(otqy ;k osar) dqtesa fdlh xksihus ,dkUr ikdj
dke jl o'kokuh gks hM+kdyk dkSrwgyls muds
o;qxydks vius gkFkksals idM+dj [khap fy;kA
i|kuqokn
dsfy dykdqy dksbZ xksih] ;equk tyds rhjsA
ys tkus gfj] olu [khaprh] otqy ouesa khjs
ckycksfkuhl[kh fdlh vkhjk ukf;dkdk o.kZu
djrs gq, Jhjkkkls dgrh gS] Jh".k tc euksgj osrlh
yrkdqtesa x;s gq, Fks] rc og vkhjk ukf;dk Jh".kdk
o idM+dj mUgsa ;equk fdukjs ys x;h_ D;ksafd og
jgdsfy dykdkSrwgyls vkfo"V gks xbZ FkhA ^p* dkjls
rkRi;Z gS fd mlus fotu LFkku ns[kdj Jh".kds lkFk
vusd izdkjls ifjgkl fd;kA
82
JhxhrxksfoUne~
;equkrhjs u dgdj ;equk tyrhjs dgusdk vfHkizk;

gS fd tyds leku gh rVij 'kSR; ('khryrk) rFkk
ikourk Hkh gSA
vU; ukf;dkesa vuqj Jh".kdk o [khapdj ys
tkuk vkhjrkdk vfHkO;td gS
djry&rky&rjy&oy;kofy&dfyr&dyLou&oa'ksA
jkljls lgu`R;ijk
gfj.kk ;qofr% iz'kalls
vUo;lf[k] gfj.kk (Jh".ksu) djry&rky&rjy&
oy;kofy&dfyr&dyEcus&oa'ks (djry;ks% ikf.kry;ks%
rkysu ofufo'ks"ks.k rjyk ppyk ;k oy;kofy% d.kJsf.k%
r;k dfyr% vuqiwfjr% dyEcu% ekqjLojks oa'k% ok|fo'ks"k%
;fLeu~ rkn`'ks) jkljls (jklksRlos) lgu`R;ijk (lgu`R;Urh)
dkfpr~ ;qofr% iz'ka'kls (lkkq lkfofr iz'kaflrk)
vuqokngkFkksadh rkyhds rkuds dkj.k ppy dax.k&
lewgls vuqxr oa'khuknls ;q vqr Lojdks ns[kdj
Jhgfj jkljlesa vkufUnr u`R;&ijk;.kk fdlh ;qorhdh
iz'kalk djus yxsA
i|kuqokn
ftldh rky le; dj&pwM+h oa'kh&Lojesa [kudhA
jkl&l[kh dh Lrqfr Jhgfjus th Hkj Hkj dj dh
ckycksfkuhl[kh Jhjkkkthls dg jgh gS fd jklyhykesa
Jh".kds lkFk u`R; djrh gqbZ dksbZ ;qorh rku] eku]
y;ds lkFk gkFkksals rkyh ctkus yxh] ftlls mldh pwfM+;k
,d nwljsls Vdjkdj vfHk?kkrds dkj.k ekqj ofu izdV
djus yxha vkSj bl izdkj oy;dh [kudkgV vkSj
oa'khofu feydj vqr ekqj ukn izLrqr djus yxh]
ftls lqudj Jh".k iqu% iqu% ml je.khdh iz'kalk djus
yxs
83
f'y";fr dkefi pqEcfr dkefi dkefi je;fr jkekaA

i';fr lfLer&pk#rjkeijkeuqxPNfr
ckeka
vUo;lf[k] gfj% dkefi (r#.kha) f'y";fr
(vkfyfr)]_ dkefi pqEcfr_ dkefi jkeka je;fr
(hM+kdkSrqdsu lq[k;fr)_ lfLer&pk#rjke~ (lfLerk vr,o
pk#rjk rke~_ e`nqekqj&gklsu vfreuksgjkfeR;FkZ%) dkefi
i';fr_ rFkk vijka okeke~ (izfrdwyke~] iz.k;dksio'kkr~
vfHkekuHkjs.k LFkkukUrj&xkfeuhe~) vuqxPNfr
vuqoknk`kj&jldh ykylkesa Jh".k dgha fdlh
je.khdk vkfyu djrs gSa] fdlhdk pqEcu djrs gSa]
fdlhds lkFk je.k dj jgs gSa vkSj dgha ekqj fLer
lqkkdk voyksdu dj fdlhdks fugkj jgs gSa rks dgha
fdlh ekfuuhds ihNs&ihNs py jgs gSaA
i|kuqokn
fdlh l[khdks Hkqtesa Hkjrs vkSj fdlhls jlrsA
xhys dj fQj fdlh vkjdks] fdlh vk[kesa glrs
dgha fdlhds ihNs ihNs Nk;kls gfj pyrsA
oÙnkouds yrkdqtdh
hM+k dgrs dgrs
ckycksfkuhjklhM+kesa Jh".k fofok :i kkj.k
djds hM+ksUeq[k ukf;dkvksads lkFk fofok k`kfjd
ps"Vkvksadks fd;k djrs gSaA lEHkksx lq[kdh ykylkds
o'khHkwr gksdj Jh".k dHkh fdlh dkfeuhdk vkfyu
djrs gSa rks dHkh fdlhdk pqEcuA dgha fdlhds lkFk
fogkj dj jgs gSa rks dgha ljl jliw.kZ us=ksals fdlh oj
lqUnjhdk lr`".k Hkkols fujh{k.k dj jgs gSa vkSj dHkh
foHkzeds dkj.k fdlh ojkukdks ^Jhjkkk* dgdj lEcksfkr
dj jgs gSa] ftlls og ekfuuh gks tkrh gSA jfrdh Hkkouk
rhoz gksusij ps"Vkfo'ks"kds lkFk mldk vuqxeu djrs gSaA
84
JhxhrxksfoUne~
ekfuuh xksihds jfr ijkUeq[k gksusij ckj&ckj vuqu;

fou; djrs gq, mlds ksk (jks"k) dks foxfyr djusdk
iz;kl djrs gSaA
izLrqr 'yksdesa Jh".kdk 'kBRo] k`"VRo] nf{k.kRo]
vuqdwyRo rFkk kwkZRo fn[kk;h nsrk gSA lHkh ukf;dk,
vfHklkfjdk ukf;dk, gSaA
k`kjfryd xzUFkesa k`"V uk;dds y{k.k bl izdkj
crk;s gSa
vfHkO;kU; r#.kh
Hkksxy{ekfi fuHkZ;%A
feF;kopu n{k'p k`"Vks;a [kyq dF;rs
(k`- fr- &)
vFkkZr~ vU; r#.khds lkFk lEHkksxds fpksads Li"V
jgusij Hkh fcuk Hk;ds fuiq.krkds lkFk tks >wB cksyrk
gS] mls k`"V uk;d dgrs gSaA
'kBds y{k.k bl izdkj crk;s x;s gSa
fiz;a O;f iqjksU;= fofiz;a dq#rs Hk`'ke~A
fuxw<+eijka p 'kBks;a dfFkrks cqkS%
(k`- fr- &)
vFkkZr~ fo}kuksaus ml uk;ddks 'kB uk;d dgk gS]
tks vius vijkkdks fNik;s jgrk gSA fdlh nwljh
ukf;dkds izfr vkl jgrk gS vkSj viuh ukf;dkds
le{k ehBh&ehBh ckrsa djrk gS
Jht;nso&Hkf.krfeneqr&ds'ko&dsfy&jgL;a A
oÙnkou&fofius yfyra foruksrq 'kqHkkfu ;'kL;e~
vUo;Jht;nso&Hkf.kre~ (Jht;nsosu Hkf.kre~ me~)
oÙnkou&fofius yfyra (euksgja) ;'kL;e~ (;'kLdje~)
bne~ vqr&ds'ko&dsfyjgL;a (vqre~ oSnXkh&fo'ks"ks.k
85
fofp=a Jhjkkkfoykiijh{k.k:ia ds'koL; dsfyjgL;a) Hkkuka

'kqHkkfu foruksrq (foLrkj;rq)
vuqokn
Jht;nso dfo }kjk jfpr ;g vqr eye;
yfyr xhr lHkhds ;'kdk foLrkj djsA ;g 'kqHkn xhr
JhoÙnkouds fofiu fogkjesa Jhjkkkthds foykl ijh{k.k
,oa Jh".kds }kjk dh x;h vqr dkehM+kds jgL;ls
lEcfUkr gSA ;g xku ou fcgkjtfur lkS"Bodks vfHkor
djusokyk gS
i|kuqokn
eXu gq, jl lfjesa dfo ^t;* fuf'kfnu cgrs cgrsA
Jksrk Hkh gksa eq Dys'kls lc dqN lgrs lgrs
ckycksfkuhxhrds milagkjesa dgk x;k gS fd dfo
t;nsothus Jhds'kodh vqr dsfyhM+k&jgL;dk bl
xhresa fu:i.k fd;k gSA vqr jgL; ;g gS fd ,d gh
Jh".kus ,d gh le;esa vusd ojkukvksadh vfHkyk"kkvksadh
iwk djrs gq, muds lkFk hM+k dhA rky vkSj jkxesa
vkc gksusds dkj.k ;g xhr vfr yfyr gSA blds
ykfyR;dk lcls cM+k dkj.k ;g gS fd blesa Jhds'kodh
dsfy&dykdk jgL; o.kr gSA ;g etqy ekqj xhr
i<+us vkSj lquusokys Hktuksadk dY;k.k djs vkSj muds
lq;'kdh o`f djs
fo'os"kkeuqjtusu
tu;kkuUnfeUnhoj&
Js.kh';key&dkseyS:iu;kSjuksRloe~
A
LoNUna oztlqUnjhfHkjfHkr% izR;ekfyfr%
k`kj% lf[k ewkekfuo ekkS eqXkks gfj% hM+fr
vUo;lf[k] vuqjtusu (LoLookNkfrfj&jlnku&
izh.krsu) fo'os"kke~ (txrke~) vkuUna tu;u~] eqXk% (lqUnj%)
86
JhxhrxksfoUne~
gfj% ekkS (olUrs) bUnhoj&Js.kh&';key&dkseyS% (uhyksRiy&

Js.khrksfi ';keyS% lqde
q kjS'p) vS% vuksRloa (dkeksYykla)
miu;u~ (laoZ;u~) v= bUnhoj&'kCnsu 'khryRoa] Js.kh'kCnsu
uouok;ekuRoa] ';keyinsu lqUnjRoa] dksey'kCnsu lqde
q kjRop
lwfpre~ vfHkr%] (leLrr%] loSZjSfjR;FkZ%) oztlqUnjhfHk%
LoPNUna] ;FkkL;kr~ rFkk izR;e~ (izR;o;e~) vkfyfr%
(izxk<+kf'y"V%_ vkfyukuq&jtusukuqjftr bR;FkZ%) ewkeku~
(nsgkj%) k`kj% (k`kjjl%) bo hM+fr (,d ,o
fo'oeuqjt;u~ vkuUn;fr) k`kj&jlksfi ';keo.kZ%;Fkk
LFkk;h Hkkoks jfr% ';keo.kksZ;a fo".kqnSor% bfr
vuqokn
gs lf[k! bl olUrdkyesa foykl&jlesa mUek Jh".k
ewkeku k`kj jlLo:i gksdj fogkj dj jgs gSaA os
bUnhoj deyls Hkh vrho vfHkjke dksey ';key
vksals dUniZ egksRlodk lEiknu dj jgs gSaA xksfi;ksadh
ftruh Hkh vfHkyk"kk gS] mlls Hkh dgha vfkd mudh
mUek ykylkvksadks vfr vuqjkxds lkFk rÌr dj jgs gSaA
ijUrq oztlqUnfj;k foijhr jfrjlesa vkfo"V gks foo'k
gksdj muds izR;sd vizR;dks lE;d~ ,oa LorU=
:ils vkfyfr dj jgh gSa
i|kuqokn
gSa fogj jgs ekq rqesa] vuqjkxe;h vk[kksals
dksey ';key ljfltdh] ekq fLuXke;h ik[kksl
a
s
gS v v vkfyfr] e`nq xksihtu&vksaesaA
k`kj&ewk gfj nhfir] tu djrs jl&jksals
ckycksfkuhl[kh Jhjkkkthdh mhiuk Hkkoukdks
vfHkor djus gsrq mUgsa fiz;re Jhgfjdh k`kfjd
ps"Vkvksadks fn[kykrh gqbZ dgrh gSlf[k! ns[kks] bl le;
olUrdky gS] blesa Hkh ekqekl gS vkSj Jhgfj eqXk gksdj
87
leLr xksih;ksads lkFk lk{kkr~ k`kj jlds leku hM+k

foykl dj jgs gSa] k`kj% lf[k% ewkekfuoJh".kdks
ewkeku k`kj jlds leku cukdj l[khds }kjk mudk
izenklRo Lo:i O; gqvk gSA iq#"k% izenk;q% k`kj
bfr lafKr%izenkls ;q iq#"k k`kj dgykrk gSA
xksfi;ksadh ftruh Hkh vfHkyk"kk jgh] mlls Hkh dgha
vfkd :iesa Jh".k vu&mRlo }kjk mudk vuqjtu
dj jgs gSa] vkuUnoZu dj jgs gSaA os Jhgfj vuqjkxds
}kjk leLr thoksadks vkuUn iznku dj jgs gSaA
Jh".kds vksadk lkSUn;Z o.kZu djrs gq, l[kh
dgrh gS fd os uhydeyls Hkh vfkd ';key rFkk
dksey gSaA bUnhoj 'kCnls 'khryRo] ';keyRo vkSj
dkseyRo lwfpr gksrk gSA vkSj Hkh bUnhoj 'kCnls 'kSR;
vkSj Js.kh 'kCnls uo&uok;ekuRo le>k tkrk gSA
';key 'kCnls lqUnjRo vkSj dksey 'kCnls lqdqekjRo
?kksf"kr gksrk gSA vius bu dkseyre vksads }kjk Jh".k
dkeksRlo euk jgs gSaA
oztlqUnfj;k fcuk fdlh vojkskds LoNUnrkiwoZd
muds mu&mu vksadk vkfyu fd;s gq, gSaA
jl fu"ifk nks izdkjls gksrh gSA uk;ddk ukf;dkds
izfr rFkk ukf;dkdk uk;dds izfr vuqjkxlsA uk;ddk
ukf;dkds izfr vuqjkx jgusij Hkh ukf;dkdk uk;dds
izfr tcrd vuqjkx ugha gksrk rc rd jldh fu"ifk
ugha gks ldrh gSA
iz'u gksrk gS fd ;gk rks ijLij vuqjtu ek=
gqvk gS] rc jl dgk gS\
foHkko] vuqHkko] lkfod rFkk lpkjh Hkkoksads
lfEeyuesa jldh fLFkfr gSA ;gh jl Lusg] eku] iz.k;]
88
JhxhrxksfoUne~
jkx&vuqjkx] Hkko&egkHkko vkfnds els vfHkor gksrk

gSA vr% tc izsedk ifjikd gks tkrk gS rc jldk
vH;qn; gksrk gSA ;g izse&jl tc izdkf'kr gksus yxrk
gS] rc uk;d&ukf;dkesa dky] ns'k vkSj f;kds lEcUkesa
dksbZ lksp ugha jgrkA fu%lksp Hkko jgusij Hkh feyuesa
lEiw.kZrk ugha gks ldrh] blds mkjesa dgrs gSa fd
egkHkko jlds }kjk lokZ feyu fl gksrk gSA
iqu% 'kk gksusij fd Jh".kus vukvksadk dsoy
,dns'kh; :iesa voyksdu fd;k gS rks bldk fujkdj.k
;g gS fd izR;ekfyfrvFkkZr~ Jh".kus lokZ,d&,d
vdks ;Fkksfpr f;kvksa }kjk vkfyu] pqEcu] Li'kZ
vkfnds }kjk mu lcdk vuqjtu fd;k gSA vc fQj
;g iz'u lkeus vk;k fd ,dkdh Jh".kus lcdk
vkfyu dSls fd;k\ lekkku ;g gS fd tSls k`kj jl
,d gksdj Hkh leLr txresa ifjO;kIr gS] mlh izdkj
Jh".kesa Hkh loZO;kidRo gSA blh xq.kls og vf[ky
fo'odk vuqjtu djrs gSaA
izLrqr 'yksdesa nhidkykj gS] oSnHkhZ jhfr gS] 'kknwZy
fohfM+r NUn gS] k`kj jl gS rFkk okD;kSfpR; gSA
lEiw.kZ xhrdh ukf;dk Jhjkkk mRdf.Brk ukf;dk gSaA
uk;dds }kjk foijhr vkpj.k fd;s tkus ij tks ukf;dk
fojgksRdf.Brk rFkk mnkl jgrh gS] og mRdf.Brk
ukf;dk dgykrh gS
jklksYyklHkjs.k foHkze&Hk`rkekHkhj&okeHkzqok&
eH;.ksZ ifjjH; fuHkZjeqj% izsekUk;k jkk;kA
lkkq r}nua lqkke;fefr O;kR; xhrLrqfr&
O;ktknqVpqfEcr% fLereuksgkjh gfj% ikrq o%
bfr JhxhrxksfoUn egkdkO;s lkeksn nkeksnj
uke izFke% lxZ%A
89
vUo;vkquk dfooZlUrjkleuqo.kZ;u~ 'kkjnh;&

jklr&Jhjkkk".k&foykleuqLej;u~ r}.kZu:i;k vkf'k"kk
Hkku~ laoZ;frizsekUk;k (vuqjkxHkjs.k Kku'kwU;;k)
jkk;k jklksYyklHkjs.k (jklksRlokuUnkfr'k;su) foHkzeHk`rke~
(gkoHkko&lefUorke~) vkHkhj&okeHkzqoke~ (xksi&yyukuka)
e;s vH;.k (lehis) fuHkZja (xk<+a ;Fkk rFkk) mj%
(o{k%) ifjjH; (vkf'y";)] Ron~onua (ro eq[ka) lkkq
lqkke;e~ (ih;w"kiw.kZe)~ bfr xhrLrqfrO;ktkr~ (xkuiz'kalkPNysu)
O;kR; (mDRok) mVpqfEcr% (izxk<+pqfEcr%) vr,o
fLereuksgkjh (fLersu euksgj.k'khy%) gfj% o% (;q"eku~)
Hkkfefr Hkko% ikrq vr,o lxksZ ;a Jhjkkk&foyklkuqHkosu
lE;~eksnsu lg okZekuks nkeksnjks ;= l bfr lkeksn&nkeksnj%
izFke%
vuqoknftl Jh".kds izseesa vUkh gksdj foeqXkk
Jhjkkk yTtk'kwU; gksdj jklyhykds izseesa foyk 'kqHkzk
xksikukvksads le{k gh muds o{k%LFkydk lqn`<+:ils
vkfyu dj ^vgk ukFk* rqEgkjk onudey fdruk lqUnj
gS] dSlh vuqie lqkkjkf'kdk vkdj gSbl izdkj Lrqfr&xku
djrh gqbZ lqpk# :ils pqEcu djus yxh rFkk Jhjkkkdh
,slh izseklf ns[kdj n;esa Lor%LQwkZ vkuUnds dkj.k
ftl Jh".kdk eq[kdey euksgj gkL;Hkw"k.kls foHkwf"kr
gksus yxk] ,sls gs Jh".k! vki lcdk eyfokku djsaA
i|kuqokn
ekq jkl&eqXk lf[k lEeq[k ekry jkkk Hkj Hkqtesa
gfjdks_ cksyh^fiz;] fdruk gS ve`r eq[k ljfltesaA*
fQj xhr&Lrqfr fel lRoj og pwe mBh eq[k mudkA
fiz; pqEculs izeqfnr gfj vc nwj djsa nq%[k lcdk
ckycksfkuh;g izFke lxZdk vfUre 'yksd gSA bl
lxZdk uke lkeksn&nkeksnj gSA
90
JhxhrxksfoUne~
l[kh oklUrh jkrdk fp=ku djrs gq, Jhjkkkthdks

'kkjnh;k jklfLFkr Jh".kds foykldk Lej.k djkus yxhA
Jh".k olUr rqesa dkeksRloesa eXu gSaA yhykuk;d
Jh".k vkHkhj okeu;uk xksfi;ksads e; fojkteku gSaA
igys rks Jhjkkk fojgksRdf.Brk Fkh] fdUrq l[khls izsfjr
gksus ij muds n;esa mRdV vfHkyk"kk tkx mBhA
yTtk'khyk gksusij Hkh izsekos'kds dkj.k lHkh lf[k;ksads
le{k lqkke; okD;ksals Lrqfrxku djusds cgkus Jh".kds
o{k%LFkydk lqn`<+ vkfyu dj mudk pqEcu djus yxhA
leLr oztjEHkkvksads le{k jkkkds n;dk Hkko
fu%lksp mn~?kkfVr gksusij Jh".kdk eq[ke.My etqy
g"kZls ifjiw.kZ gks x;kA 'khy&LoHkkok Jhjkfkdkdh fonXkrk
,oa jklksYyklds dkj.k foHkze HkkoksUekk izsekUkrkls
vfHkHkwr gq, Jh".k lcdk ey fokku djsaA
izLrqr 'yksdesa ukf;dk izxYHkk gS vkSj uk;d eqXk
gSA 'kknwZy fohfM+r NUn gSA vk'kh%] vizLrqr iz'kalk]
O;ktksf vkfn vykj gSaA
bfr ckyckskU;ka JhxhrxksfoUnVhdk;ka izFke% lxZ%A
f}rh;% lxZ%
(vDys'k&ds'ko%)
fogjfr ous jkkk lkkkj.k&iz.k;s gjkS
foxfyr&futksRd"kkZnh";kZo'ksu xrkU;r%A
Dofpnfi yrkdqts xqtUekqozr&e.Myh&
eq[kj&f'k[kjs yhuk nhukI;qokp jg% l[khe~
vUo;vFk l[khopua fu'kE; Jh".kL; lkkkj.k&
fogj.ka foyksD; bZ";ksZn;kr~ r'kZueI;lgekuk vU;rksxrk
jkkk l[kheqokplkkkj.k&iz.k;s (lkkkj.k% leku% lokZLoso
xksikuklq bfr 'ks"k% iz.k;% izhfr% ;L; rFkkHkwrs) gjkS
(".ks) ous fogjfr (fogkja dqoZfr lfr) jkkk foxfyr&
futksRd"kkZr~ (foxfyrks futksRd"kZ% vgeso vlkkkj.kh
fiz;k bR;soa :is.k ;rLrLekfnR;FkZ% (bZ"kkZo'ksu) (vU;ksRd"kkZ&
lfg".kqr;k) nhuk (dkrjk) lrh iz.k;rkjrE;knfi fogkjL;
lkE;O;ogj.kkr~ Jh".kL; LoHkkokU;FkkRon'kZuk{ker;k vU;r%
(vU;fLeu~) xqtUekqozr&e.Myh&eq[kj&f'k[kjs (xqtUrks
;s ekqozrk% (HkzejkLrs"kka e.MyhfHk% Js.khfHk% eq[kja ofura
f'k[kje~ vxza ;L; rkn`'ks) Dofpnfi yrkdqts yhuk
yqDdkf;rk lrh) jg% (futZus) l[khe~ vR;UrxksI;efi
mokp
vuqoknleLr xksikukvksads lkFk ,d leku Lusge;
Jh".kdks oÙnkfofiuesa fogkj djrs gq, ns[kdj vU;
xksfidkvksadh vis{kk viuk oSf'k"V u gksusls iz.k;&dksids
vkos'kesa ogkls nwj tkdj Hkzej&e.Myhls xqftr nwljs
yrkdqtesa Jhjkkk fNi x;h ,oa vfr nhu gksdj
xksiuh; ckrksadks Hkh l[khls dgus yxhA
92
JhxhrxksfoUne~
i|kuqokn
jkkk cksy mBh eudh
y[k gfj xksihtudh hM+k fuf'kfnu oÙnkoudh
vfydqy&xqftr yrk&dqtesa fNidj thou&kudhA
yhykls bZ"kkZgr gksdj Hkwyh lqk&cqk rudh
jkkk cksy mBh eudh
ckycksfkuhbl f}rh; lxZdk uke vDys'k&ds'ko
gSA rkRi;Z ;g gS fd Lo;a&Hkxoku~ jfld&'ks[kj Jh".k
lnSo Dys'kjfgr gSaA muesa Dys'kdk laDys'k ek= Hkh ugha
gSA Hkxoku~ds nks vlkkkj.k fp gSa
- vf[kygs;izR;fudo] vFkkZr~ Hkxoku~ls fdlh
izdkjds Dys'k&deZ&foikd vkfn izkfrd nks"kksadk lEidZ
ugha gksrk gSA os lHkh nks"kksads izR;uhd gSa vFkkZr~ izcy
'k=q gSaA
;ksxlw=dkjus Hkh lkkuiknesa dgk gS
Dys'kdeZfoikdk'k;Sjijke`"V% iq#"kfo'ks"k bZ'oj%A
vFkkZr~ Dys'k deZ] muds ifj.kke rFkk oklukfn
nks"kksads lEidZls jfgr iq#"kfo'ks"kdks bZ'oj 'kCnls vfHkfgr
fd;k tkrk gSA
- vf[ky dY;k.k xq.kkdjRoJh".k lEiw.kZ lalkjdk
dY;k.k djusokys vizkr ln~xq.kksads vkdj gSaA
bUgha vFkksds dkj.k bl lxZdk uke vDys'k&ds'ko
gSA
ekuorh Jhjkkk l[khds le>k;s tkusij Jh".kds
enu&egksRloesa lfEefyr gks x;haA bl enu&mRloesa
Jh".k lHkh lf[k;ksads izfr leku Lusg j[krs gq, fogkj
dj jgs FksA tc fd Jhjkkkdks ;g xoZ Fkk fd eSa mudh
loZJs"Bk oYyHkk gw] fuR; lgpjh gw] ijUrq vkt vius
izfr fof'k"V Lusg izn'kr u gksusls Jhjkkk iz.k;&dksids
f}rh;% lxZ%vDys'k&ds'ko%
93
vkos'kesa vU;= ,d dqtesa pyh vk;ha vkSj fNidj

cSB x;haA bZ";kZd"kkf;rk Jhjkkkdks ogk Hkh dgha 'kkfUr
ugha feyhA bl yrkdqtds f'k[kjij iq"iksaesa eMjkrk gqvk
vfyoÙn xqtkj dj jgk FkkA ml le; Jhjkkk viuh
ekudh osnukls ihfM+r gksdj viuh l[khls mu jgL;kRed
ckrksadks dgus yxh] ftUgsa fdlhds le{k dgk ugha tkuk
pkfg,A
izLrqr 'yksdesa gfj.kh NUn gSA gfj.kh NUndk y{k.k
gS^jl;qx g;S% UlkS EukS LykS xks ;nk gfj.khA* ukf;dk izkS<+k
gSA jfrHkkods msdkfr'k;ds dkj.k jlonykj rFkk
vuqizkl vykj gSaA
vfilksRd"kZ Hkkoe;h jkkk dqN u cksy ldusdh
fLFkfresa Fkha] jgL;e;h ckrsa crykus okyh ugha Fkha] ;g
^vfi* 'kCnds }kjk ?kksf"kr gSA vr% ^vfi* 'kCn peRdkjkfr'k;
;q gSA
xqTtZjh jkxs.k ;fr rkysu xh;rs izcUk
izLrqr 'yksd ipe izcUkdh iqf"idk :i gSA nwljs
'yksdls bldk leqfpr izkjEHk gSA ;g izcUk xqTtZjh&jkx
rFkk ;fr&rkyls xk;k tkrk gS
xhre~
xqTtZjhjkx ;frrkykH;ka xh;rs
lpjnkj&lqkk&ekqj&ofu&eq[kfjr&eksgu&oa'ka
cfyr&n`xpy&ppy&ekSfy&diksy&foyksy&orale~A
jkls gfjfeg fofgr&foykla
Lejfr euks ee r&ifjgkle~kzqoe~
vUo;lf[k] lpjnkj&lqkk ekqj&ofu&eq[kfjr&
eksgu&oa'ka (lpjUrh mn~xPNUrk vkjlqkk ;= rsu
94
JhxhrxksfoUne~
^^gfj&ewjrdk /;ku] gks vkrk vutku**
95
ekqjs.k ofuuk eq[kfjr% 'kfCnr% eksgu% eukseksgdj% oa'k%

os.kq ;su rkn`'ka) ofyr&n`xpy&ppy&ekSfy&diksy&
foyksy&orala (ofyrsu brLrr% izpyrk n`xpysu n`'kks%
us=;ks% vpya p{kq%izkUrHkkx% rsu dVk{ks.ksR;FkZ% ;kslkS
ppyekSfy% dfEirf'kjksHkw"k.ka rsu diksy;ks% x.M;ks%
foyksykS ppykS oralkS ef.kdq.Mys ;L; rkn`'ka) bg jkls
('kkjnh;&jklyhyk;ka) fofgrfoykla (fofgr% r% foykl%
gkoHkkoks ;su rkn`'ka) rFkk rifjgkla (r% ifjgklks
;su rkn`'ka) gj ee eu% Lejfr
vuqoknlf[k] dSlh vk'p;Zdh ckr gS fd bl
'kkjnh; jklksRloesa Jh".k eq>s NksM+dj vU; dkfefu;ksads
lkFk dkSrqd vkeksnesa foykl dj jgs gSaA fQj Hkh esjk
eu mudk iqu% iqu% Lej.k dj jgk gSA os lpj.k'khy
vius eq[kke`rdks vius djdeyesa fLFkr os.kqesa Hkjdj
QqRdkjds lkFk lqekqj eq[kj Lojkse
a as ctk jgs gS]a vik&Hkhds
}kjk vius ef.ke; f'kjksHkw"k.kdks ppyrk iznku dj jgs
gSa] muds dkuksads vkHkw"k.k diksy ns'kesa nksyk;eku gks jgs
gSa] muds bl ';ke :idk] muds gkl&ifjgkldk eq>s
ckjEckj Lej.k gks jgk gS
i|kuqokn
gs lf[k!
dfEir vkj ekq&ofur os.kq&Loj
pfyr n`xpy ppy f'kj] Hkj
xfr diksy }; yksy oy; oj
jkl foykl
gkl r eugj
gfj ewjrdk ;ku]
gks vkrk vutku
ckycksfkuhlf[kus dgkfiz; jkfkds! tc Jh".kus
rqEgkjk izR;k[;ku fd;k gS] rc rqe D;ksa muds izseesa
bruh vkhj gks jgh gks\
96
JhxhrxksfoUne~
l[khds }kjk viuh HkRlZuk lqudj Jhjkkk vfr nhu

Hkkols dgus yxhlf[k! rqe Bhd dg jgh gks] Jh".k
esjk ifjR;kx dj nwljh jef.k;ksads lkFk vfr'k; vuqjkx;q
gksdj fogkj dj jgs gSa] rc muds izfr esjk vuqjkx
izdkf'kr gksuk O;FkZ gh gS] ij eSa D;k d:\ eq>s mudh
ueZdsfydk vuqHko gS] muds foyklksadk Lej.k gks jgk gS]
lf[k! ;s os gh dsfyou gSa] tgk geus dsfylq[k izkIr
fd;k Fkk] muds izfr esjh izcy vklf gS] eq>ls mudk
R;kx ugha gksrkA lc le; muds xq.kksadk gh Lej.k gksrk
jgrk gSA esjs n;esa muds nks"kdk ys'kek= Hkh Hkko ugha
mBrk] eq>s lnSo lUrqf"V jgrh gSA tc ';kelqUnj
jkl&jtuhesa oztkukvksads lkFk gkl&ifjgkl djrs gSa
rclpjnkj lqkk ekqj ofu eq[kfjr foxzge~lpjUR;k
vkjlqk;k ekqjks ofu ;= rn~ ;Fkk L;kn~ rFkk eq[kfjrk eksfguh
oa'kh ;su re~A os tc vkjlqkkls lakUr ekqj&ofu
djusokyh ml oa'khdks ctkrs gSa] ftldk eksgudkfjRo
iz[;kr gS] ml le; esjk eu vfLFkj gks tkrk gS] eSa
viuk kS;Z [kks cSBrh gwA muds vksadk lkSUn;Z] ppy
f'kjks H kw " k.k] nks y k;eku d.kZ d q . My rFkk fo'ks " kdj
xksi&;qofr;ksadk vkfyu pqEcu Lej.k djrs gh eSa
lqkcqk [kks cSBrh gwlf[k eSa D;k d:\
pUd&pk#&e;wj&f'k[k.Md&e.My&oyf;r&ds'kaA
izpqj&iqjUnj&kuqjuqjftr&esnqj&eqfnj&lqos'ka
jkls gfjfeg --- ---

vUo;lf[k] pUd&pk#&e;wj&f'k[k.Md&e.My&
oyf;rds'ka (pUds.k vZpUkdkjs.k pk:.kka e;wjf'k[k.Mdkuka
e;wjiqPNkuka e.Mysu oyf;r% osf"Vr% ds'kks ;L; rkn`'ka)
vr,o izpqjiqjUnj&kuqjuqjftr&fpf=r% esnqj% fLuXkks ;ks
97
eqfnjks uotykj% r}r~ lq'kksHkuks os'kks ;L; rkn`'ka) jkls

fofgrfoyklfeR;kfn
vuqoknvZpUdkjls lq'kksfHkr vfr euksgj e;wj&
fiPNls osf"Vr ds'kokys rFkk izpqj ek=kesa bUkuq"kksals
vuqjftr uohu tykj iVyds leku 'kksHkk kkj.k
djusokys Jh".kdk eq>s vfkd Lej.k gks jgk gSA
i|kuqokn
pUd pk#
e;wj f'k[kf.Mr
dksey ds'k oy; vkef.MrA
izpqj iqjUnj kuq
vuqjftr
l?ku es?k&Nfo oiq cgq lfTtr
ckycksfkuheksj ia[kds vfUre Hkkxesa cus gq,
o`kkdkj e.Mydks ^pUd* dgk tkrk gSA pUekds leku
;g Hkh vkknnk;d gksrk gSA bUgha ekqj fiPNksals Jh".kdk
ds'kik'k oyf;r gks jgk gSA mlls mudk ';keo.kZ ,sls
izrhr gks jgk gS] ekuks lty es?k vusd bUkuq"kksals
lqlfTtr gks] mUghads deuh; fnO; foxzgdk eq>s ckjckj
Lej.k gks jgk gS
xksi&dnEc&furEcorh&eq[k&pqEcu&yfEHkr&yksHkaA
cUkqtho&ekqjkkj&iYyoeqYyflr&fLer&'kksHke~
jkls gfjfeg --- ---
vUo;lf[k] xksi&dnEc&furEcorh&eq[kpqEcu&yfEHkr&
yksHke~ (xksi&dnEcL; xksidqyL; ;k furEcoR;% furfEcU;%
r#.;% rklka eq[k&pqEcus yfEHkr% izkfir% yksHk% ;L; ra)
rFkk cUkqtho&ekqjkkj&iYyoe~ (cUkqd&iq"ior~ v#.k%
ekqj% euksgj'p vkjiYyoks ;L; rkn`'ke~) rFkk
mYyflr&fLer&'kksHke~ (mYykflrk ifjork fLersu
e`nqekqjgklsu 'kksHkk ;L; rFkkse~) ee eu% jkls
fofgrfoyklfeR;kfn
98
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vuqoknxksiyyukvksads eq[kdeydk pqEcu djusdh

vfHkyk"kkls bl vu mRloesa vius eq[kdks >qdk;s gq,]
mudk lqdqekj vkj iYyo cUkqd dqlqeor~ euksgkjh
v#.k o.khZ; gks jgk gS] LQwk;q eUn&eqLdkudh viwoZ
'kksHkk muds lqUnj eq[ke.Myesa foLrkj izkIr dj jgh gS]
,sls mu Jh".kdk eq>s vfr Lej.k gks jgk gSA
i|kuqokn
xksi
okw
pqEcu&jl
yksfHkr
vkj okwd fLer ekq 'kksfHkrA
iqyd ;qofr&Hkqt vfr vkfyfr
in&dj ef.k&|qfr fuf'k&repw.kr
gfj ewjrdk ;ku
gks vkrk vutku
ckycksfkuhxksiokqvksads eq[k pqEcudk yksHk kkj.k
djusokys Jh".kdh eq>s ;kn vk jgh gSA ftl le; os
jgL;e;h dqthM+kesa fueXu jgrs gSa] ml le; mu
xksfi;ksads eq[kdk ckjackj pqEcu djusdk yksHk c<+rk tkrk
gSA Jh".kds cUkqd vFkkZr~ nqigfj;kds iq"ids leku
yky&yky gksaBdk eq>s Lej.k vkrk gSA lf[k! eqLdjkusij
rks mudh 'kksHkk vkSj Hkh c<+ tkrh gSA
foiqy&iqyd&Hkqt&iYyo&oyf;r&oYyo&;qofr&lgaA
dj&pj.kksjfl&ef.kx.k&Hkw"k.k&fdj.k&fofHkk&rfea
jkls gfjfeg --- ---
vUo;lf[k] foiq y &iq y d&Hkq t iYyo&oyf;r&
oYyo&;qofr& lga (foiqyk% vxkkk% iqydk jksekpk
;;ksLrkH;ka HkqtiYyokH;ka iYyo&isyo&HkqtkH;ka oyf;ra
ifjosf"Vre~ vkfyfrfeR;FkZ% oYyo&;qorhuka xksi&r#.khuka
lga ;su re~_ ,dnkusdkfyukr~ uSdfu"Bizsek.kfeR;FkZ%)_
99
rFkk djpj.kksjfl (gLrino{kfl) ef.kx.k&Hkw"k.k&fdj.k&

fofHkk&rfea (ef.kx.kHkw"k.kkuka ef.ke;kykjk.kka fdj.ksu
fofHkka fujkra rfee~ vUkdkjks ;su rkn`'ke~) ee eu%
jkls fofgrfoyklfeR;kfn
vuqoknvfr'k; jksekpls ifjIyqr gksdj vius
lqdksey Hkqt&iYyods }kjk gtkjksa&gtkjksa xksi&;qofr;ksadks
lekfyfr djusokys ,oa dj] pj.k vkSj o{kLFkyesa
xzfFkr ef.ke; vkHkw"k.kksadh fdj.kksals fn'kkvksadks vkyksfdr
djusokys Jh".kdk eq>s Lej.k gks jgk gSA
i|kuqokn
iqyd ;qorh Hkqt vfr vkfyfr
in dj ef.k |qfr fuf'k re pq.kr
gfj ewjrdk ;ku
gks vkrk vutku
ckycksfkuhbl le; ';kelqUnjds mu dksey&dksey
iYyoksads leku gLrksadk eq>s Lej.k gks jgk gS] tks izHkwr
jksekpls ;q gSa vkSj ftuls os lg xksfi;ksadks ifjosf"Vr
dj mudk lekfyu djrs gSaA muds dj] pj.k rFkk
n;LFkyds vkHkw"k.kksads lkSUn;Zdh fdj.kksals lEiw.kZ vUkdkj
fonwfjr gks x;k gS
tyn&iVy&cyfnUnq&fofuUnd&pUnu&fryd&yykVaA
ihu&i;kskj&ifjlj&enZu&funZ;&n;&dokVe~
jkls gfjfeg --- ---
vUo;lf[k] tyn&iVy&cyfnUnq&fofuUnd&pUnu&
fryd&yykVa (tyn&iVysu es?klewgsu cyu~ ifjLQqju~
;% bUnq% pU% rL; fofuUnd% frjLdkjd% pUnufryd%
yykVs ;L; rkn`'ka) rFkk ihu&i;kskj&ifjlj&enZu&funZ;&
100
JhxhrxksfoUne~
n;&dokVe~ (ihu;ks% LFkwy;ks% i;kskj;ks% Lru;ks% ;%

ifjlj% ifj.kkg% foLrkj bfr ;kor~ rL; enZuk; funZ;%
n;dokV% fo'kkya o{k% ;L; rkn`'ke~_ v= n;L;
n`<+Ro&foLrh.kZRokH;ka dokVRosu fu:i.ke~) ee eu% jkls
fofgr&foykl&feR;kfn
vuqoknvius yykVesa euksgj pUnuds fryddks
kkj.kdj uohu tyn e.Myesa fo|eku ppy pUekdh
egrh 'kksHkkdks ijkHkwrdj vfuoZpuh; lq"kekdks kkj.k
djusokys ,oa oj ;qofr;ksads ihu i;kskjksads vewY; izkUr
Hkkxdks vius lqfo'kky lqn`<+ o{k%LFkyls fuihfM+r djusesa
lrr vuqj dokVe; (fdokM+ Lo:i) funZ;&n;
Jh".kdk eq>s ckj&ckj Lej.k gks jgk gSA
i|kuqokn
pUnu fryd yykV foppr]
tyn iVyesa fokq le n'krA
;qorh ihu i;kskj enr]
viuh funZ;rk ij g"krA
gfj ewjrdk ;ku]
gks vkrk vutku
ckycksfkuhlty cknyksads chp ppy pUekdh
'kksHkk vR;fkd izs{k.kh; gksrh gSA Jh".kds ';keo.kZdk
foLr`r yykV&iVy gh lty es?krqY; gS vkSj mlij
'osro.kZdk pUnu fryd vkkniznk;h pUekdh NVkvksadk
Hkh frjLdkj djusokyk gSA jfrdkyesa ;qofr;ksads dksey
Lruksadks vius fo'kky o{k%LFkyls cM+h gh funZ;rkiwoZd
enZu djusokys Jh".kdk eq>s vfr'k; Lej.k gks jgk
gS
101
ef.ke;&edj euksgj&dq.My&ef.Mr&x.MeqnkjaA
ihrolu euqxr&eqfu&euqt&lqjklqjoj&ifjokja
jkls gfjfeg --- ---
vUo;lf[k] ef.ke;&edj&euksgj&dq.My&ef.Mr&x.Ma
(ef.ke;kH;ka ef.kizpqjkH;ka edjkH;ka edjkdkj&euksgj&
dq.MykH;ka ef.MrkS 'kksfHkrkS x.MkS ;L; re~) rFkk
vuqxr&eqfu&euqt&lqjklqj&oj&ifjokje~ (vuqxrk% lkSUn;kZfnuk
vk"Vk% eqfu&euqt&lqjklqjk.kka ojk% Js"Bk% ifjokjk% ifjxzgk%
;su rkn`'ke~) mnkja (egkUre~) ihr&olue~ (ihrkEcje~)
gj ee eu% jkls fofgrfoykl&feR;kfn
vuqoknftuds diksy&;qxy ef.ke; euksgj edjkfr
dq.Myksads }kjk lq'kksfHkr gks jgs gSa] ftUgksaus dkfeuh tuksads
euksfHkyk"kdks iw.kZ djusesa egku mnkj Hkko vFkkZr~ nf{k.k
uk;dRodks kkj.k fd;k gS] ftu ihrkEcjkkjh Jh".kus
viuh ekkqjhdk foLrkjdj lqj] vlqj] eqfu] euq"; vkfn
vius Js"B ifjokjdks izsejlesa ljkcksj dj fn;k gS] mu
Jh".kdk eq>s cjcl gh Lej.k gks jgk gSA
i|kuqokn
;qXe diksy jRu&ef.k ef.Mr]
edj
euksgj dq.My yfEcr
lqUnj
ihr olu ifjosf"Vr]
eqfu] lqj] vlqj] i&in iwftr
gfj ewjrdk ;ku]
gks vkrk vutku
ckycksfkuhJh".kds dkuksaesa yVdusokys dq.My
edjkfrds gSa] ftuls muds diksy}; leyar gSaA
nf{k.k uk;d gSa] ihrkEcj kkj.k djrs gSaA ukjnkfn eqfu]
Hkh"ekfn euq";] izknkfn vlqj rFkk bUkfn nsox.k mudk
Js"B ifjokj gSA ,sls Jh".kdk eq>s Lej.k gks jgk gS
102
JhxhrxksfoUne~
fo'kn&dnEcrys fefyra dfy&dyq"kHk;a 'ke;Ura

ekefi fdefi rjnun`'kk eulk je;Ura
jkls gfjfeg --- ---
vUo;fo'kn&dnEcrys (iqf"ir&dnEcr#rys) fefyra
(e;k lg lra) dfy&dyq"kHk;a 'ke;Ura (dfy% dyg%
dyq"ka ekfyU;% izsedygkswra fpkekfyU;a rniu;Ura
pkVqfHkfjfr'ks"k%_ ;}k dfytfur&iki&rkiHk;a fuokj;Ura)
fdefi (vfuoZpuh;a ;Fkk rFkk) rjnu&n`'kk (rj
bo vkpju~ vuks ;= r;k n`'kk n`"Vk) ekefi (ekeso)
je;Ura (e;k lg jr ;k;UrfeR;FkZ%) jkls fofgr&
foyklfeR;kfn
vuqoknfo'kky ,oa lqfodflr dnEc o`{kds uhps
lekxr gksdj esjh vis{kkesa izrh{kk djusokys fofok
izdkjds vk'oklu;q pkVqopuksads }kjk foPNsn Hk;dks
lE;d~ :ils viu;u (nwjhHkwr) djusokys izcyrj vu
jlds }kjk ppy us=ksals rFkk furkUr Li`gk;q ekulesa
esjs lkFk eu&gh&eu je.k djusokys Jh".kdk Lej.k
dj esjk n; fody gks jgk gSA
i|kuqqokn
fo'kn dnEcrys
miosf"Vr]
tu euls dfy Hk; vilkfjr
fut vikls ee eu iwfjr]
lqUnj eksgu dfo t; o.kr
gfj ewjrdk ;ku]
gks vkrk vutku
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk dgrh gSags lf[k! os vfr'k;
mRd.Bkds lkFk bl fo'kky dnEcds uhps lsr LFkkuij
esjh izrh{kk djrs jgrs gSaA iz.k; dyg gksusij foPNsnds
Hk;ls pkVq okD;ksa }kjk eukrs jgrs gSaA bl rjg os eq>s
103
viuh ljl n`f"V rFkk lkuqjkx euls vkufUnr djrs jgrs

gSAa
êkefi*eq>s Hkh vkufUnr djrs jgrs gSa] vFkkZr~
fiz;re Jh".kdh ps"Vk, bruh euksK gSa fd mudks
ns[kdj eSa Hkh g"kZ&izd"kZdk vuqHko djrh gw
Jht;nso&Hkf.krefrlqUnj&eksgu&ekqfjiq&:iaA
gfj&pj.k&Lej.ka laizfr iq.;orkeuq:ia
jkls gfjfeg -----
vUo;vfr&lqUnj&eksgu&ekq&fjiq&:ia (vfr'k;su lqUnja
eksgua euksgja ekqfjiks% Jh".kL; :ia ;= rkn`'ka)
Jht;nso&Hkf.kra (Jht;nsoksa) lEizfr (vkquk) iq.;orka
(lqfr'kkfyuka Hkxokuka lkkwuka) gfj&pj.k&Lej.ka izfr
vuq:ia (;ksX;a rkn`'kHkkosu vkLoknuh;fefr Hkko%) Hkorq
bfr 'ks"k% jkls fofgrfoyklfeR;kfn
vuqoknJht;nso dfous lEizfr gfjpj.k Le`fr:i
bl dkO;dks Hkxon~&Hkfeku iq.;'kkyh iq#"kksads fy,
izLrqr fd;k gS] ftlesa Jh".kds vfr'k; lqUnj eksgu
:idk
o.kZu gqvk gSA bldk vkLoknu eq[;jlds
vkJ;esa jgdj gh fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA
ckycksfkuhipe izcUkdk milagkj djrs gq, Jht;nso
dfous dgk gS fd bl izcUkdk iz.k;u izsekHkf;q
iq.;oku iq#"kksads }kjk Jh".kds Jhpj.kdeyksadk Lej.k
djusds fy, fd;k x;k gSA ^pj.k* dk vFkZ jklyhyk
vkfnls gS] tks Hkksads fy, vkt Hkh vuqdwy gSA ;g
vrho lqUnj yhyk gS vkSj ogh Jh".kds Jhpj.kdeyksads
Lej.kdk lkku gS] ftls Jhjkkk dHkh Hkqyk ugha ikrhA
bl v"Vinh izcUkesa y; NUn gSA ftldk y{k.k
gSêqfu;Zx.kSyZ;ekeufUr*A
bl ikpos izcUkdk uke gS êkqfjiqjRudf.Bdk*A
104
JhxhrxksfoUne~
x.k;fr xq.kxzkea Hkzkea Hkzeknfi

ogfr p ifjrks"ka nks"ka foeqpfr
;qofr"kq oyk`".ks ".ks fogkfjf.k eka
iqujfi euks okea dkea djksfr djksfe
usgrs
nwjr%A
fouk
fde~
bfr JhxhrxksfoUns ipe% lUnHkZ%A

vUo;uuq Jh".kLRoka fogk; vU;kfHk'psr~ fogjfr
rg ra fdfefr Lejlhfr LokfHkizk;a o{;ek.ka l[kha
izR;kglf[k] ;qofr"kq (xksikuklq) oyk`".ks (oyUrh
izLQqjUrh r`".kk je.kkdk~{kk ;L; rkn`'ks) vr,o eka
fcuk fogkfjf.k (eka fogk; vU;;k lg jeek.ksihfr
Hkko%) ".ks ee okea (izfrdwye~ vok;fefr ;kor~)
eu% iqujfi dkea (vfHkyk"ka) djksfr] xq.kxzkea (Jhgjs%
xq.klewga) x.k;fr (fopkj;fr)_ Hkzeknfi Hkzkea (foLej.ka)
u bZgrs (ps"Vrs_ u dFkefi foLejrhR;FkZ%)_ ifjrks"ka
(rÌr) rRLej.ksu bfr 'ks"k% ogfr_ rFkk nks"ka
(voKktfureijkka ) nw j r% eq pfr (ifjgjfr] u
x.k;rhR;FkZ%)_ d djksfe ukLR;U;k es xfrfjfr Hkko%
vuqokn^^Jh".kus rqEgsa izR;k[;ku fd;k gS] fQj Hkh
rqe D;ksa muds izseesa O;kdqy gks jgh gks**fiz;lf[kds
}kjk bl izdkj HkRlZuk fd;s tkusij Jhjkkk dgus
yxhlf[k! Jh".k eq>s ifjR;kxdj nwljh&nwljh ;qofr;ksads
lkFk vfr'k; vuqjkxds lkFk fogkj dj jgs gSa] ;g
ns[kdj muds izfr vuqjkx fn[kkuk O;FkZ gS] ;g eSa tkurh
gw] fQj Hkh eSa D;k d:] muds izfr esjh izcy vklf
fdlh rjg ls nwj ugha gksrh gS] eSa rks muds xq.kksadh x.kuk
gh djrh jgrh gw] vius mRd"kZdk vuqHkodj vkuUnesa
mUek gks tkrh gw] Hkzels Hkh eq>s muds izfr ksk ugha
gksrk] muds nks"kksadks ns[ks fcuk gh lUrks"kdk vuqHko djrh
105
gw] mudh ckj&ckj Li`gk djrh gw] lf[k] os eq>ls Hkqyk;s

ugha tkrseSa D;k d:\
i|kuqokn
liuksaesa lqfk cudj vkrsA
lf[k os Hkqyk Hkqyk dj Hkkrs
fujxqf.k;kds xq.k gh euesa ^xqu&xqu* Loj Hkj tkrsA
ij&jr gksus ij Hkh eq>esa jfr cudj <j tkrs
lf[k! os Hkqyk&Hkqyk dj HkkrsA
liuksaesa lqfk cu dj vkrs
ckycksfkuh"k"B izcUkds izkjEHkesa viuh jg%okkkZdh
vksj vfkd foo`fr djrs gq, Jhjkkkth dgrh gSalf[k!
vU; xksfi;ksads lkFk fogkj djusokys mu Jh".kds izfr
esjs euus nkf{k.; Hkkodks kkj.k fd;k gS] esjs u pkgus
ij Hkh ;g mudh xq.kkoyhdk Lej.k djrk jgrk gS]
mudks izkIr djusdh dkeuk djrk gSA
^Hkzkea Hkzeknfi usgrs*;gk ^Hkzke* 'kCn kskdk okpd
gSA esjk eu Hkwyls Hkh muds izfr ksk djuk ugha
pkgrkA mudh îjukf;dklf*] ênqis{kkdkfjrk* vkfn nks"kksadks
ns[kuk ugha pkgrk] iw.kZ:is.k lUrq"V gh jgrk gS] eSa D;k
d:\
bl 'yksdesa Jhjkkk mRdf.Brk ukf;dkds :iesa
izLrqr gSA mRdf.Brkdk y{k.k gS
mRdk Hkofr lk ;L;k oklds ukxr% fiz;%A
rL;kukxeus gssrqa fpUr;UR;kdqyk ;Fkk
vFkkZr~ ftl ukf;dkdh 'k;kij uk;d ugha vkrk gS]
og vius fiz;reds ugha vkusds dkj.kds fo"k;esa O;kdqy
gksdj lksprh jgrh gSblfy, mls mRdf.Brk dgk tkrk
gSA
bl 'yksdesa gfj.kh uked NUn] ;ed uked
106
JhxhrxksfoUne~
'kCnkykj] la'k; ,oa nhid uked vFkkZykj ,oa

f;kSfpR; gSA izLrqr 'yksd "k"B izcUkdh iqf"idk ek=
gS
bfr JhxhrxksfoUns ipe% lUnHkZ%A
xhre~
ekyo xkSM+ jkxs.k ,d rkyh rkysu p xh;rs
fuHk`r&fudqt&x`ga xr;k fuf'k jgfl fuyh; olUra

pfdr&foyksfdr&ldy&fn'kk jfr&jHkl&Hkjsu glUra
lf[k gs dsf'k&eFkueqnkje~A
je; e;k lg enu&euksjFk&Hkkfor;k lfodkje~kzqoe~
vUo;lf[k] fuHk`r&fudqt&x`ga xr;k (fuTtZufudqt&
x`ga izfLFkr;k) e;k lg fuf'k (jk=kS) rnykHkkr~ ee
oSdY;kfn&fnn`{k;k jgfl (,dkUrs) fuyh; (vkRekua laxksI;)
olUra (fr"BUra) dsf'keFkue~-----_ rFkk pfdr&foyksfdr&
ldyfn'kk (pfdra ".ka dq= fuyh;rs bfr bfr l'ka
;Fkk rFkk foyksfdrk n`"Vk ldyk fnd~ ;;k rkn`';k)
e;k lg jfr&jHkl&Hkjs.k (jrkS ;% jHkl% vkSRlqD;a rL;
Hkjs.k vkfr'k;su) glUra (e}SdY;a leh{;sfr'ks"k%) dsf'keFkue~
----_ rFkkp enu&euksjFk&Hkkfor;k (enusu izsE.kk ;%
euksjFk% vfHkyk"k% rsu Hkkfor;k ;q;k) e;k lg
lfodkje~ (dkeo'ksu HkkokUrjxre~) mnkj% (egkUra
euksjFknkrkjfeR;FkZ%) dsf'keFkua je; (jr dkj;)
vuqoknekyo jkx rFkk ,drkyh rkyds }kjk ;g
xhr xk;k tkrk gS] bldh xfr qr gSA
gs lf[k! og dsf'keFku Jh".k] tks enu&lUrkidk
'kkfUrfokku djusesa dHkh vuqnkj ugha gksrs vkSj ftudk
107
eu esjs izfr vfr'k; vuqjkxds dkj.k foeksfgr gqvk gS]

muds lkFk esjk vu fo"k;d euksjFk dSls fl gksxk\
blh Hkkoukls eSa O;kdqy gks jgh gwA
vc rqe muds lkFk esjk feyu lEiknu djk nksA
tks fofgr iwoZ lsrkuqlkj fu'khFkesa fuHk`r fudqt&x`gesa
vkdj] eSa muds fy, dSlh mRdf.Brk gw vFkok muds
vn'kZuls eq>esa fdruh rM+i gS] bl dkSrqd Hkkods lkFk
fudqtouds xksiure LFkkuesa fNidj ns[kusokys] os dc
vk;saxs\ ,slh fpUrkesa fueXuk tc Fkfdr pfdr us=ksals
ns[krh Fkh] rc esjh dkrjrkdks ns[kdj k`kj jlHkjh
gkL;lqkkls eq>dks vkufUnr djusokys mnkj rFkk ds'kh
uked nSR;dk ok djusokys Jh".kdk eq>dkedsfydh
bPNkls ifjiw.kZ vUr%dj.kokyh rFkk jfrps"Vk, djusokyhds
lkFk vu lEcUkh; euksjFk fl djkvks
i|kuqokn
fuf'k vfUk;kjh rq olUr lf[k! ?ku fudqt ou uUnu jhA
[kkst jgs dcls fnf'k fnf'kesa] Fkfdr pfdr n`x~ [katu jhA
ys py ogha Fkes ftlls ;g 'kk'or th dk Unu jhA
jfr&jl&Hkhus tgk foglrs fNis [kM+s uUnuUnu jh
ckycksfkuhdke Tojls lUrIrk n;k Jhjkkk l[khls
".kkuqlUkkudh vfHkyk"kk O; djrh gSaA izLrqr 'yksdesa
ml izldk izdk'k gS] ftlesa mUgksaus vius izk.kukFkdks
jfrhM+kds }kjk lq[k iznku fd;k Fkk] ;g xk<+re
jgL;iw.kZ yhyk gSA
^lf[k! je; dsf'keFkueqnkje~ e;k lg*gs lf[k!
dsf'kfulwnuds lkFk esjk je.k djkvksA ;gk rks Jhjkkkthdh
LokfHkyk"kk O; gqbZ gS] vius lq[kdh okluk izdV gqbZ
gS] ;g 'kqHkfdh ifjHkk"kkds foijhr gSA vr% ,slh
vfHkyk"kk D;ksa\
108
JhxhrxksfoUne~
blds mkjesa dgrs gSa fd xksfi;ksaus lcdqN R;kxdj

Jh".kls izhfr dh gS] muesa vius lq[kdk ys'kek= Hkh
ugha gSA iqu% tcrd ijLij xk<+ vuqjkx u gks rcrd
izse ifjLQqV ugha gksrkA izsehds n;esa izsedh okluk
tkxzr djkus gsrq izs;lhdks Lokuqjkx izn'kr djuk gksrk gS]
;g izsedk LoHkko gSA
,dns'kh; izseesa jlkHkkl nks"k vk tkrk gSA dgk x;k
gS
vuqjkxksuqjk;ka jlkog bfr fLFkfr%A
vHkkosRouqjkxL;
jlkHkkla
txqoqZkk%
vFkkZr~ izhfr tc vuqjk hesa gksrh gS] rc og
jloZudkjh gksrh gS] ijUrq vuqjkxds vHkkoesa rks
jlkHkkl gh gks tkrk gS] ,slk fo}kuksadk er gSA
vr% ;gk Jhjkkkdk Jh".kds izfr vuqjkx jl&
oZudkjh gSA
lf[k! ".kus loZizFke esjs lkFk je.kdj jfrlq[kdk
vuqHko fd;k Fkk] muds fojgesa ogh hM+k&lq[k eq>s
ckj&ckj Lej.k gks jgk gS] ftlls esjk fpk O;kdqy gks
jgk gSA lEizfr esjk n; êknuk[;* enu jlesa foHkkfor
gks jgk gSA euksjFkds iznkrk ds'kheFkudk fojg eq>s
vlguh; gks jgk gSA lf[k! muls esjk je.k djkvksA
bl izdkj dfous Jhjkkkdk Jh".kds izfr vkSj
Jh".kdk Jhjkkkds izfr vuqjkx izn'kr fd;k gSA ;fn
feyu izl igys fn[kk;k gksrk rks jlkHkkl nks"k gks
tkrkA
^lfodkje~* inds }kjk Jhjkkk dg jgh gSaeq>esa
dke fodkj mRik gks x;s gSaA dketfur fodkj euesa
mRik gksusij ukfj;k O;ktkUrjls vFkkZr~ cgkuk cukdj
vius fiz;redks ukfHk] Lru vkfn fn[kkrh gSaA
109
jfld loZLo uked O;k[;kesa dgk x;k gS fd

ukfHkewydqpksnjizdVuO;ktsu
;|ksf"krka
lkdka{ka eqgqjh{k.ka L[kfyrrk uhohfucUkL; pA
ds'kHkzalu la;ekS pdferqe=kfn lUn'kZuS%
lkSHkkX;kfn xq.k iz'kfLr dFkuS% rRlkuqjkxsfdre~
vFkkZr~ dkefodkj mRik gksusij f;k vuqjkxiw.kZ
ps"Vk, djrh gSaA tSls fdlh ek;els viuh ukfHk] Lru
rFkk mnj fn[kykrh gSa] vius izsehdks lLi`g n`f"Vls
ckjEckj ns[krh gSa] uhoh&cUku L[kfyr gks tkrk gS]
ds'kksadk Hkza'ku vkSj la;eu gksrk gS] fiz;reds fe=ksadks
lE;d~ izdkjls ns[krh gSa] muds lkFk vius b"Vds lkSHkkX;
rFkk xq.kksadh iz'kalk djrh gSaA bl izdkjdh jfriw.kZ ps"Vk
djusokyh esjs lkFk Jh".kdks feyk nksA
ênu euksjFk Hkkfor;k*esjk vUr%dj.k dketfur
dkeukvksals ifjiw.kZ gks x;k gSA
ps"Vk Hkofr iwkk;ksZ jR;qRFkkukfrl;ks%A
lEHkksxks foizyEHk'p l k`kjks f}kker%
vFkkZr~ tgkij jfrdh mhiu f;kesa vR;kl h
rFkk iq#"k k`kfjd ps"Vk, fd;k djrs gSa] ogk ij k`kj
nks izdkjdk gksrk gSlEHkksx rFkk foizyEHkA eq> fojfg.khdh
tSlh vfHkyk"kk Jh".kesa gS] oSlh gh vfHkyk"kk os eq>esa
j[krs gSa] lf[k! eq>s muls feyk nksA ;gkij k`kj jldh
lEiwk gqbZ gSA
Jhjkkkth dg jgh gSatc eSa fu'khFk jkf=esa fuHk`r
fudqtds vfHklkj LFkkuesa igqph] rc ml yrkx`gesa
Jh';kelqUnjdks u ns[kdj cM+h fodyrkls prqnx~ ns[kus
yxh] ml le; l?ku&dqtesa fNidj fuokl djusokys
Jh".k esjh mRd.Bkdks ns[kus yxsA
tc eSa pfdr us=ksals mudk vuqlUkku djus yxh]
110
JhxhrxksfoUne~
rc os jfrds mRlkgls ;q gksdj leLr fn'kkvksadks

mYyflrdj glrs&glrs esjs lkeus izdV gks x;sA l[kh
jh] mUgha ".kls eq>s feyk nks
izFke lekxe yfTtr;k iVq&pkVq&'krSjuqdwye~A

e`n&
q ekqj&fLer&Hkkf"kr;k f'kfFkyhr&t?ku&nqdy
w e~
lf[k gs ds'kheFkueqnkje~ --- ---
vUo;izFke&lekxe&yfTtr;k (izFke% vk|% ;%
lekxe% le% rsu yfTtr;k tkryTt;k) e;k lg
iVqpkVq'krS% (iVwfu ukjh&euksgj.k&fuiq.kkfu&fuiq.kkfu ;kfu
pkVwuka fiz;oknuka 'krkfu rS%) vuqdwya (vuqdwy;Ura
rkijkka eka {keLosfr vlr~ dFk;Ura) dsf'keFkue~--]
rFkk e`nq&ekqj&fLer&Hkkf"kr;k (e`nq ekqja ;r~ fLere~
bZ"kkl% rsu lg Hkkf"kra Hkk"k.ka ;L;k% rFkkHkwr;k) e;k
lg f'kfFkyhr&t?ku&nqdwya (f'kFkyhra izHkzaf'kra t?kuLFka
nqdwya olua ;su rkn`'ka) dsf'keFkue~-----
vuqoknizFke feyuesa LoHkkolqyHk yTtkls vR;Ur
foeqXk ns[kdj esjh yTtkdks nwj djusds fy, mUgksaus
vusd izdkjdh vuqu;&fou;:i opu ijEijkdk iz;ksx
fd;kA mudh pkVqdkfjrkiw.kZ ckrksals foeqXk gksdj eSa
dksey rFkk ekqj eqLdkuds lkFk muls okrkZyki djus
yxh] ml le; esjs t?ku&izns'kds odks gVkusokys
fonXk Jh".kls eq>s feyk nks
i|kuqokn
izFke feyudh csyk vk;h] p<+q czhM+kds L;Unu jhA
fdUrq ekqj cksyksals muds] cuh Lo;a jl&jtu jh
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk l[khls dgrh gSa;|fi fiz;re
Jh".kls ;g esjk izFke feyu ugha Fkk] fQj Hkh eSa muds
le{k ,slh ps"Vk dj jgh Fkh] ftl izdkj dksbZ ukf;dk
111
izFke lekxeds dkyesa vius fiz;reds lehi cgqr

yfTtr gksrh gSA Jh".k mlh le; vius pkVqokD;ksals
eq>s vius euksuqdwy cukrs tkrs FksA eSa muds mu ekqj
opuksals vkkfnr gksrh Fkh vkSj ekqj eqLdkuds lkFk muls
e`nq Hkk"k.k djrh FkhA tSls gh os eq>s euksuqdwy ns[krs
FksrHkh esjh ta?kkds oksadks mUeksfpr dj nsrs FksA eSa
mUgha Jh".kds lkFk je.k djuk pkgrh gwl[kh! eq>s
muls feykvksA
izFke lekxe;g jfr&jl uouok;eku :iesa gh
fuR; vuqHkwr gksrk gS
fd'ky;&'k;u&fuosf'kr;k fpjeqjfl eeSo 'k;kue~A

r&ifjjEHk.k&pqEcu;k ifjjH; rkkjikue~
vUo;fd'ky;&'k;u&fuosf'kr;k iYyo&'k;k'kkf;r;k)
e;k lg fpja (cgq{k.ka) eeSo mjfl (o{kfl) 'k;kua
dsf'keFkue~----- rFkk r&ifjjEHk.k&pqEcu;k (ra ifjjEHk.ka
pqEcup ;;k) e;k lg ijfjH; vkfy rkkjikua
(rkkjpqEcua) dsf'keFkue~-----
vuqokneuksje] uohu ,oa dksey iYyoksadh 'k;kij
ftUgksaus eq>s lqykdj esjs n;ds ij cM+s mYyflr
gksdj lq[kls 'k;u fd;k Fkk] ftudk eSaus izxk<+:ils
vkfyu ,oa pqEcu fd;k Fkk] iqu% ftUgksaus mlh izcyrj
vu jlesa fuefTtr gksrs gq, esjk ifjjEHk.k dj esjs
vkjlqkkdk ckjEckj iku fd;k Fkk] lf[k! mUgha izk.kfiz;re
Jh".kls eq>s feyk nks
i|kuqokn
Hkwyh onu oludh lqfk lc] Hkwyh iwtk&oUnu jhA
esjh 'k;k fd'ky; mudh] esjs mjdk LiUnu jh
112
JhxhrxksfoUne~
Hkwyh fdu vkjksaus fdudk] fy;k ekqj dc pqEcu jhA

fdu ?kfM+;ksaesa gqvk gekjk] ;qx&;qxdk ifjjEHk.k jh
ckycksfkuhlf[k! os Jh".k lsr&LFkkuesa eq>s
dksey iYyoksals jfpr 'k;kij lqyk nsrs Fks] blds
i'pkr~ os esjs o{k%LFkyij fpjdkyrd je.k djrs FksA
eSa mu Jh".kdk vkfyu dj mudk pqEcu dj ysrh
FkhA ml le; Jh".k Hkh eq>s vkfyu djds esjs
vkjlqkkdk iku djrs FksA l[kh eq>s mu Jh".kls feyu
djk nksA
r ifjjEHk.kbl izdkjds vkfyudks jletjhdkjus
{khjuhj uked vkfyu crk;k gS vkSj dFkudh iqf"Vds
fy, iplk;d uked xzUFkdk izek.k fn;k gSA jfldfiz;kdkjus
bl izdkjds vkfyudks fry&r.Mqy uked vkfyu
ekuk gS vkSj vius dksd'kkdk izek.k fn;k gS
vyl&fuehfyr&ykspu;k iqydkofy&yfyr&diksye~
Jety&ldy&dysoj;k
ojenu&enknfryksye~
vUo;vyl&fuehfyr&ykspuk (vylsu lqjrJetkrsu
vkyL;su fuehfyrs eqdqfyrs foykspus ;L;k% rkn`';k)
e;k lg iqydkofy&yfyr&diksya (iqydkuka jksekpkuke~
vkoY;k Js.;k pqEcukfnfr Hkko% yfyrkS diksykS x.MkS
;L; rkn`'ka) dsf'keFkue~----- rFkk Jety&ldy&dysoj;k
(Jetya LosnkEcq ldydysojs ;L;k% rkn`';k) e;k lg
oj&enuenkr~ (izo`&euflt&fodkjkr~ gsrks%) vfryksya
(eka izfr furjka lkdk~{ka) dsf'keFkue~-----
vuqoknftuds lkFk enu&vkeksnesa vizR;kf'kr lq[kls
esjh vk[ksa vylk x;ha] eqn x;ha] ml foykl lq[kls
Jh".kds diksy;qxyus vR;Ur euksK rFkk yfyr :i
113
kkj.k fd;k Fkk] enu&vkeksntfur Jeds dkj.k fu%l`r

LosnfoUnqvksals euksgj nsgokyh eq>s ns[kdj ml izcyrj
enu jlesa ek gksdj vu jldk jlkLoknu djusokys
vfr ppy Jh".kls gs lf[k! eq>s vfr 'kh?kz feyk
nks
i|kuqokn
esjs fefyr ykspu mudk] iqyd yfyr oiq&dEiu jhA
Je&lhdjls flfpr ru ;g] muesa jfrdk xqtu jh
ckycksfkuhlf[k! jfrlq[kls DykUr gqvk esjk 'kjhj
vylk tkrk Fkk vkSj esjh vk[ksa eqn tkrh FkhaA dketfur
fpUrkds dkj.k lkjk 'kjhj Losn&foUnqvksals fl gks tkrk
FkkA ml le; esjh ;g n'kk ns[kdj Jh".kds n;esa
dkekssd tfur g"kZ mfnr gksrk Fkk] ftlls muds
diksy;qxyesa lqeuksgj yko.; izdkf'kr gksus yxrk FkkA
os izcyrj enu vkeksnesa fueXu gks tkrs FksA esjh
nsgyrkdks ns[kdj os ppy gks mBrs Fks] gs lf[k! mUgha
Jh".kls eq>s feyk nksA
lqjrkuUnls Jhjkkkds 'kjhjdh ilhusls yFkiFkrk Jhjkkkds
iwokZuqHkwr lq[kkuUndh lEiwk O; dj jgh gS
dksfdy&dyjo&dwftr;k ftr&euflt&rU=&fopkje~A
'yFk&dqlqekdqy&dqUry;k u[kfyf[kr&?ku&LruHkkja
vUo;dksfdy&dyjo&dwftr;k (dksfdyL; dyjo
bo dwftra vO;&Hkkf"kra ;L;k% r;k) e;k lg
ftr&euflt&rU=&fopkja (ftr% vfHkHkwr% euflt&rU=L;
dke'kkL; fopkj% ;su ra dke'kkfo'kkjnfeR;FkZ%_ vr,o
'kkL=ks&f;kfreks uk'kuh;%) dsf'keFkue~----- rFkk
'yFk&dqlqekdqydqUry;k ('yFkkfu lqjryhyk L[kfyrkfu
114
JhxhrxksfoUne~
dqlqekfu ;sH;Lrkn`'kk%] vkdqyk% cUkujkfgR;kr~ fof{kIrk%

dqUryk% ;L;kLrkn`';k) e;k lg u[k&fyf[kr&?ku&Lru&Hkkja
(u[kS% fyf[krkS vfrkS ?ku;ks% ihoj;ks% Lru;ks% HkkjkS
foLrkjkS ;su re~) dsf'keFkue~-----
vuqoknjfr'kkds fuxw<+ rodks lE;d~ :ils
tkuusokys rFkk mldk vuq"Bku djusokys ftu Jh".kds
lkFk lqjrdkyesa eSa dksfdyds dyjods leku dqgd mBh]
esjk dcjh&cUku [kqy x;k vkSj mlesa la;q dqlqekoyh
f'kfFky gksdj fxj x;h] mUgksaus vius u[kksads vk?kkrls esjs
ihu Lru;qxy ij u tkus D;k&D;k fy[k fn;s] gs lf[k!
mu fiz;re Jh".kls eq>s feyk nks
i|kuqokn
u[k&{kr mj ;g uo dqlqeksadk] fc[kjk dcjh&cUku jh
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk viuh l[khls Jh".kds lkFk
vuqHkwr okE; jfrdk o.kZu dj jgh gSA lqjrdkyds le;
eSa dks;yds leku 'kCn djrh FkhA
^dyjo* 'kCn% ikjkor i;kZ;%A jfld loZLodkjus
dgk gS ^^jfrdky** ds le; uk;dds }kjk pqEcu bR;kfn
fd;s tkusds le; ukf;dk dks;y] ikjkor vkfnds leku
lhRdkjdh vkokt djrh gSA
Jh".k esjs ds'kksadks idM+dj esjk pqEcu djrs Fks
rFkk esjs vkjksadk iku djrs FksA jfrhM+kesa izo`k gksdj
os esjs ihu rFkk l?ku Lruksa ij u[k{kr djrs Fksl[kh]
eq>s muls feyk nks
pj.k&jf.kr&ef.k&uwiqj;k ifjiwfjra lqjr&forkue~A

eq[kj&fokà[ky es[ky;k ldp&xzg&pqEcunkue~
115
vUo;pj.k&jf.kr&ef.k&uwiqj;k (pj.k;ks% ikn;ks%

jf.krkS 'kfCnrkS ef.kuqiwjkS ef.ke;&ethjkS ;L;k% rkn`';k)
e;k lg ifjiwfjr&lqjr&forkua (ifjiwfjr% lEiw.kZrka izkfir%
lqjrforku% ifj&jEHk.k&foLrkj% ;su rkn`'ka) dsf'keFkue~----
rFkk eq[kj&fokà[kykes[ky;k (iwo eq[kjk% 'kCnk;ekuk%
i'pkPp fokà[kyk =qfVrxq.kk es[kyk dkph ;L;k% rkn`';k)
e;k lg ldp&xzg&pqEcu&nkua (ldpxzgads'kxzg.kiwoZda
;Fkk rFkk pqEcunkua ;su rFkksa) dsf'keFkue~----
vuqokndsfyhM+k dkyesa esjs pj.kksads ef.k[kfpr
uwiqjksadh #u~>qu~ ofu xwt mBrh Fkh] dj?kuh eq[kfjr
gksdj ekuqlkj fokà[kfyr gks x;h FkhA ml lqjrhM+kdk
ifjiw.kZ foLrkj djusokys] esjs ds'kik'kdks xzg.kdj eq[ke.My
ij ckjEckj pqEcu djusokys Jh".kls eq>s feyk nksA
i|kuqokn
esjh ;s ik;y ct mBrh jg jgdj e`nq >u&>u jh
ckycksfkuhlf[k! ftl le; Jh".k lqpk# :ils
lqjrhM+kdk lEiknu djrs Fks] ml le; esjs iSjksads
ef.kiwfjr uwiqj >ar gks mBrs FksA igys rks esjh dfV&
dj?kuh ctus yxrh Fkh] fdUrq cknesa og VwV tkusds
dkj.k fu%'kCn gks tkrh FkhA esjs ds'kksadks idM+dj os esjk
pqEcu djrs Fks] gs lf[k! eq>s mUgha Jh".kls feyk
nks
jfr&lq[k≤&jlkyl;k njeqdqfyr&u;u&ljkste~A
fu%lg&fuifrr&ruqyr;k
ekqlwnueqfnreukste~
vUo;jfrlq[k≤&jlkyl;k (jR;k ;r~ lq[ka rL;
;% le;% dky% r= ;% jl% psrlks ohHkko% rsu
116
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vyl;k fu'ps"V;k) e;k lg njeqdqfyr&u;u&ljkste~

(njeqdqfyrs bZ"kUeqfrs u;uljksts ykspuits ;L; rkn`'ka)
dsf'keFkue~--- rFkk fu%lg&fuifrr ruqyr;k fu%lga
f'kfFkye~ vikVoa ;Fkk rFkk fuifrrk ruqyrk ;L;k%
rkn`';k e;k lg mfnr&euksta (mfnr% vkfoHkwZr% eukst%
dkeks ef; vfHkyk"k bfr ;kor~ ;L; rkn`'ka) ekqlwnua
dsf'keFkue~---- v= ekqlwnufefr f'y"Ve~_ vusu Hk`ks
;Fkk vU;dqlqekoyhuka ekq es.kkLokn;u~ defyU;k
mRd"kZeuqHkw; rL;kesoklks Hkofr r}n;eihfr Loellks
oSnX;eso cksfkre~_ vr,o mfnreukste~ bfrfo'ks"k.ka loZFkk
lPNrs
vuqoknmuds lkFk jfr&foykl djrh gqbZ vfr'k;
vulq[kds vuqHkols vylk x;h Fkh] esjk v&v
volk gks x;k Fkk] esjh nsgyrk jfrJeds dkj.k
lkeF;Zjfgr gksdj ,dkUresa futhZo gksdj fu<ky gks x;h]
ml le; ftu Jh".kds u;udey vu&jlls fl
ua- 'yksddk rkRi;Z

vylkdk vFkZ gS eUFkjkA jfrlq[k le;s };ksjsddkya
jsr%d.k {kj.k le;s ;ks jl% rnsdkxzh HkkoLrsu vylk
eUFkjkA
nj eqdqfyrs vFkkZr~ bZ"kr~ fuehfyrsA
fu%lgkvleFkZ%A mfnr eukste~ vFkkZr~ vH;qfnr
dkee~A fuifrr ruqyrk vFkkZr~ foijhr jfrA vleFkkZ
P;qfr dkykskjkoLFkk bR;FkZA
Hkjr eqfuus dgk gS
vs Losn% 'yFkRoa p ds'kokfn lao`fkA
tkrs P;qfr lq[ks uk;kZ fojkesPNk p xE;rs
117
gksdj bZ"kr~ [kqys gq, Fks vkSj ftuds euesa fo"kerj

enufodkj fujUrj fogkj dj jgk Fkk] lf[k jh! mu
fiz;re Jh".kls esjk feyu djk nks
i|kuqokn
eqj>kbZ eSa bkj] mkj os eqdqfyr dsf'k&fudUnu jh
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk jfrlq[kds vuqHkoesa Mwcdj vylk
x;h rFkk Jh".kus vius us=deyksadks lkekU; :ils cUn
dj fy;s gSaA Hkzej tSls ,d&,d dj lHkh iq"iksaij
cSBdj ekqiku djrk gS] ijUrq defyuhdk mRd"kZ ns[kdj
mlesa vfr'k; vkl jgrk gS rFkk izek gksdj ekqiku
djrs gq, mlhesa gh foJke djrk gS] oSls ekqlwnu iq"iksads
tSls leLr xksfi;ksadk ekqiku djus ij Hkh lcdks NksM+dj
jkkk&defyuhesa vfr'k; vkl gSa rFkk ogha mudk
foJke LFky gSA mlhesa gh leLr izdkjds jfrlq[kdk
vkuUn vuqHko djrs gSaA
bl izdkj Jhjkkkds euesa Jh".kdh fonXkrkdk
vuqHko gksusij og Hkh vuqjkfx.kh gks x;hA
vkt Jhjkkkds euesa Jhgfjds lkFk yhykfouksn djrs
gq, iwoZ vuqHkwr fo"k; Lej.k gksusls O;kdqy gksdj l[khls
dgus yxhlf[k! mu Jh".kls feyk nks
Jht;nso&Hkf.krfenefr'k;&ekqfjiq&fukqou&'khye~A
lq[keqRdf.Br&xksiokw&dfFkra foruksrq lyhye~
vUo;bne~ mRdf.Br&xksi&okw&dfFkra (mRdf.Brk;k%
".kizkIrkS mRlqdk;k xksiook jkfkdk;k% dfFkra ;= rr~)
lyhye~ (lfoykle~) vfr'k;&ekqfjiqfukqou&'khya (vfr'k;su
ekqfjiks% ".kL; fukqoua lqjra 'khy;fr Lekj;rhfr rr~)
118
JhxhrxksfoUne~
Jht;nsoHkf.kre~ (Jht;nsoksf%) Hkkuka lq[ka foruksrq

(foLrkj;rq) lf[kgs----
vuqoknJht;nso dfo}kjk fojfpr fojg&fokqjk
mRdf.Brk ukf;dk}kjk o.kr Jh".kds izxk<+rj k`kj
fo"k;d lqjr&o`kkUr i<+us vkSj lquusokys Hkkxor&tuksadk
dY;k.k oZu djsa
i|kuqokn
jkkk o.kr ekqhM+kdk] djrk ^dfo* vfHkuUnu jh
ckycksfkuhbl xhrdk milagkj djrs gq, Jht;nso
dfo dgrs gSa fd ;g xhr eSaus izfrikfnr fd;k] ijUrq
bl xhresa o.kr leLr izldk o.kZu Jhjkkkthus viuh
l[khds le{k izLrqr fd;k gSA bl xhrdk o.kZu djusokyh
Jhjkkk mRdf.Brk ukf;dk gSa vkSj xhresa fonXk Jh".kdh
dkehM+k&fo"k;d pfj=ksadk foLrkjds lkFk o.kZu gqvk gSA
Hkzej tSls ,d&,d djds Qwyksaij cSBdj ekqiku
djrk gS] ijUrq defyuhdk mRd"kZ ns[kdj mlhesa vkl
gks tkrk gS vkSj izlk gksdj ekqiku djrs gq, mlhesa
foJke djrk jgrk gS] mlh izdkj Jhekqlwnu Hkh iq"ior~
leLr xksfi;ksadk R;kx dj esjk mRd"kZ tkudj esjs izfr
vR;kl :ils vuqjkxh gq, gSaA eSa Hkh ".kdh jfr&
fonXkrkdk vuqHkodj mudh vuqjkfx.kh gks x;h gwA
Jhjkkkds euesa iwoZ vuqHkwr yhykvksadk Lej.k gksusij
vfr'k; vkhj gksdj mUgksaus Jh';kelqUnjls feyusds fy,
viuh l[khdks viuh n;dh ckr lquk;hA
Jht;nso dfo o.kr ije mRdf.Brk fukqou&ukxjh
Jhjkkkdk Jh".kds izfr vuqjkx rFkk lqjr&hM+kdk ;g
o.kZu lcdk ey fokku djsA
bl lEiw.kZ xhresa foizyEHk k`kj&jl gS rFkk y;
NUn gS
119
gLr&Lr&foykl&oa'keu`t&
q Hkzoq fYye}Yyoh&
oÙnksRlkfj&n`xUr&ohf{krefr LosnkZ&x.MLFkye~A
ekeq}h{; foyfTtr&fLer&lqkk&eqXkkuua dkuus
xksfoUna oztlqUnjhx.k&o`ra i';kfe ";kfe p
vUo;l[;k vkuhrk Jhjkkk xksi;qorh&ifjo`ra ".ke&
oyksD;kglf[k] dkuus (ous) oztlqUnjhx.ko`re~ (ozt;qorh&
x.kosf"Vre~) vu`tHq kzo
w fYyen~oYyoh&oÙnksRlkfj&n`xUr&ohf{kra
(vu`to% dqfVyk% HkzqoYy;% Hkzwyrk% ;klka rkn`'khuka
oYyohuka xksikukuka oÙnS% lewgS% mRlkjh Hkk mfR{kIr%
n`'kke~ vUrks ;fLeu~ rr~ ldVk{kfeR;FkZ% ohf{kra n`"Va)]
vr,o eke~ m}h{; foyfTtrfLer&lqkkeqXkkuua (foyfTtr;k
lfo'ks"k& yTtk&fefJr;k fLerlqk;k lqkkoUekqjfLersu
eqXka eksgdje~ vkuua onua ;L; re~) vfrLosnkZx.MLFkye~
(vfrLosnsu ef; vR;kos'ksusfr 'ks"k%] vk fla x.MLFkya
;L; rkn`'ka)] rFkk gLrLrfoykloa'ke~ (gLR;kH;ka Lr%
L[kfyr% foykloa'k% eksgu&os.kq;ZL; ra) xksfoUna i';kfe
";kfe (vkuUneuqHkokfe) p
vuqokngs lf[k! dqfVyrj Hkzqyrke;h xksioYyfHk;ksads
lkFk yhyk foykl djrs gq, muds fdlh euksje v ij
n`f"V fuf{kIr fd;s gq,] us=ksads lsrls mUgsa nwj gVkusokys]
cztlqUnfj;ksads lewgls vko`r Jh".k eq>s ns[krs gh
foLe;kfo"V gks x;sA ml le; enukos'kds dkj.k muds
yfyr gkFkksals oa'kh fxj iM+h] x.MLFky ilhusls Hkhx x;kA
g"kksZYyklls mudk eq[kdey eUn&eqLdku lh edjUn
lqkkls ifjiw.kZ gks x;kA mudh ,slh fLFkfr ns[kdj eq>s
,d vfuoZpuh; vkuUn gks jgk gSA
120
JhxhrxksfoUne~
i|kuqokn
ys py mu dqtksaesa ftuesa] cztckyk;sa ?ksjs&
jgrh gSa Jhgfjdks vkrqj] ij fn[krs gh esjs&
gkFkksals muds fxj iM+rh] ca'kh lgt lcsjs A
nwj dVk{kksals dj nsrs] xksihtuds Hksjs
ckycksfkuhfojgesa rhu izdkjdk vuqHko gksrk
gSLej.k] LQwk vkSj vkfoHkkZoA Jhjkkkdk ".k&fojgesa
igys Lej.k gqvk] lqnhIr egkHkkoesa muds n;esa yhyk,
Lor%LQwkZ gqbZ vkSj vc mUgsa lk{kkr~ vuqHko gks jgk gSA
os l[khls dgrh gSans[k lf[k! eSa bl oztdkuuesa
cztlqUnfj;ksads lkFk fojkteku JhxksfoUndks ns[kdj gl jgh
gw vkSj vkufUnr gks jgh gwA
lf[kus iz'u fd;kvjh eqXks! tc Jh".k rqEgsa
NksM+dj nwljh xksiyyukvksads lkFk fogkj dj jgs gSa] rc
rqEgsa vkuUn D;ksa gks jgk gS\ Jhjkkk dgrh gSatc ,slh
fLFkfresa os eq>s ns[ksaxs rks cgqr vfkd yfTtr gks tk;saxs]
yTtkds ekjs os ilhus&ilhus gks tk;saxs] muds diksy Hkh
ilhusls Hkhx tk;saxsA esjs lkfod Hkkoksadks ns[kdj muds
vksaesa Hkh lkfod Hkko mfnr gks tk;saxsA yTtkds dkj.k
muds gkFkksals ca'kh L[kfyr gks iM+sxhA ml le; os vius
Hkz q & Hkf;ks a l s b'kkjs l s mu euks g j Hkz q y rkvks a l s ;q D r
oztoYyfHk;ksadks vius iklls gVk nsaxsA ml le; mudk
eq[k&e.My eUn&eqLdkuls vrho euksgj gksxkA bl izdkj
fiz;redks ns[kdj ijekufUnr gksxhA lf[k! ,sls fiz;re
Jh".kls dc feywxh\
bl 'yksdesa 'kknwZyfohfM+r NUn rFkk nhidkykj]
foizyEHk&k`kj&jl] ipkyh jhfr] ykjkuqizklkykj rFkk
nf{k.k uk;d gS
lcsjs 'kh?kz_ Hksjs lewg
121
nqjkyksd% Lrksd&Lrod&uodk'kksd&yfrdk&
fodk'k% dklkjksiou&iouksfi O;Fk;frA
vfi HkzkE;n~Hk`h jf.kr&je.kh;k u eqdqy&
izlwfr'pwrkuka lf[k f'k[kfj.kh;a lq[k;fr
vUo;bnkuha fojgO;kdqyrka n'kZ;frlf[k] vkquk
LrksdLrod&uodk'kksd&yfrdk&fodk'k% (LrksdLrodk
vYixqPNk ;k uodk uoiqf"irk v'kksdyfrdk rL;k%
fodk'k%) nqjkyksd% (mhidRokr~ furjka nqZ'k%)_ rFkk
dklkjksiou&iouksfi (dklkj% ljksoj% rsu lEià ;r~
mioua rL; iouksfi ,rsu ok;ks% 'kSR;lkSxU;ekU|xq.kks
ofur% O;Fk;fr (lUrki;fr)_ rFkk HkzkE;n~Hk`h&jf.kr&
je.kh;k (HkzkE;Urhuka Hk`h.kka jf.krS% xqftrS% je.kh;k
euksgkfj.kh) f'k[kfj.kh (iz'kLrkqjlefUork) b;a pwrkuka
(vkezk.kka) eqdqyizlwfr% (eqdqykse%) vfi u lq[k;fr
vfirq lUrki;R;so_ vkquk v'kksdksfi 'kksdnk;h] lehj.kksfi
ihM+d%_ je.kh;kfi m}sxdjhfrvgks fojgoSijhR;e~
vuqoknlf[k! Jh".kds fojgesa esjk eu vc
fdlh Hkh izdkjls ifjrÌr ugha gks jgk gSA ns[kks! ;g bZ"kr~
fodflr v'kksddh u;h yrkdh izQqYy 'kksHkk esjs
u;uksadk 'kwy cu x;h gSA bl ljksojds lehi fLFkr
miouksals vkusokyh lehj.k (c;kj) Hkh esjk v&v
nq%[kk jgh gSA pkjksa vksj Hkze.k djusokys HkkSjksads lqUnj
xqtu Hkh vPNs ugha yx jgs gSaA muds xqtuls euksK
cus gq, o`{kksads vxzHkkxesa fudys gq, vkeksads u;s&u;s
ckSj Hkh eq>s lq[kh ugha cukrsA
i|kuqokn
eq>s tykrs gSa v'kksdds dksey fd'ky; QwyA
cgus okyk e`nq lehj Hkh] Nw miou lj&dwy
122
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vfy xqftr ekq vkez&etjh pqHkrh gS T;ksa 'kwyA

tx ljlk gS] ij esjs rks fg;esa mM+rh gS kwy
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk foizyEHk&k`kjds foHkkoksadk o.kZu
djrh gqbZ l[khls dg jgh gSabl oklfUrd osykesa
v'kksd o`{kksadks ns[kuk dfBu gks x;k gSA o`{kds uohu
iYyo fojgkfXudks mhIr dj jgs gSaA NksVs&NksVs xqPNksals
;q v'kksd yrkvksadks fodflr djusokyh tks ok;q
ljksojksads miouksals gksdj vk jgh gS] og vfr ihM+knkf;uh
gks jgh gSA
nqjkyksddk foxzg gSnq%[ksu vkyksd voyksdue~
;L;klkSA
vkezo`{kds vxzHkkxesa tks vkezetfj;k fudy jgh gS
vkSj muds pkjksa vksj eMjkrh gqbZ Hkzefj;k xqtkj dj
jgh gSaA vr%ij ;g vkez etjh Jh".k feyuesa tks
eq>s lq[kh cuk;k djrh Fkha] og vc nq%[kh cuk jgh gSaA
HkzkE;n~Hk`h inesa Hkzefj;ksadk funs'Z k djds Jhjkkk vius
eudk ;g Hkko izdkf'kr dj jgh gSa fd muds n;esa
Jh".kds vfrfj fdlh Hkh nwljs iq#"kdh dkeuk ugha gSA
mudh n`f"Vesa ,dek= deuh; iq#"k Jh".k gh gSaA
izLrqr 'yksdesa f'k[kfj.kh NUn gSA jlS#Sf'Nkk ;eulHkyk
l% f'k[kfj.khA blesa leqPp; ,oa vuqizkl vykj]
f;ksfpR; rFkk foizyEHk&k`kj] ekxkh ,oa xkSM+h;k jhfr
gS
lkdwr&fLerekdqykdwy&xyfEeYyeqYykflr&
Hkzq&oYyhdeyhd&n'kr&HkqtkewykZn`"VLrue~ A
xksihuka fuHk`ra fujh{; xferkdka{kf'pja fpUr;&
kUreqZXk&euksgja gjrq o% Dys'ka uo% ds'ko%
bfr JhxhrxksfoUn egkdkO;s vDys'k&ds'koks uke f}rh;% lxZ%A
123
vUo;jkkk;ka uhra ".kkfHkizk;a O;t;kk'kkLrs dfo%

xksihuka (xksikukuka) lkdwrfLere~ (lkdwra izsekfHkyk"klesra
fLera eUngkl% ;fLeu~ rr~) vkdqykdqy&xyfEeYye~
(vkdqykdqye~ vfr f'kfFkya ;FkkL;kr~ rFkk xyUr% L[kyUr%
kfEeYyk% ds'kcUk% ;= rr~) mYykflr&HkwzoYyhde~
(mYykflrk dq f Vyrk Hkz w o Yyh Hkz w y rk ;= rr~ )
vyhdn'kr&HkqtkewykZn`"VLrue~ (vyhda lO;kta ;Fkk
rFkk n'ksrsu Hkqtkewysu ckgqewysu v n`"VkS LrukS ;=
rr~) vr,o eqXkeuksgja fuHk`ra jgL;a rkoizdk'kua)
fujh{; Jhjkkk;k% loksZkerka fpje~ vUr% (fpks) fpUr;u~
(fopkj;u~) rFkk vr% mkek vU;k ukLrhfr xferkdk~{k%
(xferk rL;keso izkfirk vkdk~{kk ;su l rFkks%) uo%
(JhjkfkdksRd"kZfu'p;su uo bo tkr%) ds'ko% (gfj%) o%
(;q"ekda) Dys'ka (lalkjrkia) gjrq (nwjhdjksrq) vr%
lxksZ;eDys'kks xr% JhjkfkdklEcfUk&eu%lkkkj.;kHkkl:i%
Dys'k% ;Lekr~ l ds'koks ;= l%
vuqoknvfoosdh eudks vkd"kr djusokyh xksfi;ksadh
lkdwr eqLdku] dkekssdds dkj.k jksekp vkfn gks tkusls
[kqys ds'kokyh] ij mBs gq, gkFkksads dkj.k O;FkZ gh
fn[kk;s x;s nksuksa Lruksadk voyksdu djds vius n;esa
fpjdky fpUru djds Jh".kus muds izfr viuh
vkdka{kkvksadks fou"V dj fn;k gS] vc jkkkHkkols
mYyflr gksdj uouok;eku :ils peRr gks jgs gSa]
,sls r#.k ds'ko vki lcds Dys'kksadks fou"V djsaA
ckycksfkuhnwljs lxZds vfUre 'yksdesa egkdfo
Jht;nso Hktuksadks vk'khokZn nsrs gq, dgrs gSa fd
fonXk Jh".kus xksfi;ksadh pkj izdkjdh ps"Vkvksadk
vius n;esa fopkj fd;k]bu ps"Vkvksadks ns[kdj dksbZ
Hkh ew[kZ vkd"kr gks tk;k djrk gSA
124
JhxhrxksfoUne~
() lkdwrkfLere~xksfi;ksadh eqLdku LokHkkfod rks

gS gh] vfirq lkfHkizk; Hkh gSA vo'; ml fLeresa
dkeoklukdk iqV FkkA r#.k iq#"kdks ns[kdj dkfefu;ksadh
dkeps"Vkvksadk fotÈHk.k gksuk LokHkkfod gh gSA
() vkdqykdqyyxfEeye~dkeksd
s ds dkj.k jksekp
bR;kfn gks tkusls mu xksfi;ksads ds'kcUk foLr gks tkrs
FksA
() Jh".kdks ns[kdj dkekssdls muds u;u;qxy
ppy gks x;sA
() ;|fi vius Hkqtkewyksa vFkok gkFkksadks ij
mBkusdk dksbZ Hkh dkj.k ugha Fkk] fQj Hkh tEHkkbZ vkfnds
cgkusls os vius mkr Lruksadks ".kdks fn[kk jgh FkhaA
ijefoosdh Jh".kus bu ps"Vkvksadk vius n;esa
fopkjdj mUgsa O;FkZ dj fn;kA Jhjkkkdh vis{kk nwljh
dksbZ Js"B ugha gS] bl izdkj vius Hkksads }kjk Lrqfr
fd;s tkusokys Jhds'ko leLr Hkksads Dys'kksadks nwj djsaA
izLrqr 'yksdesa leqPp;] vk'kh% rFkk ifjdj vykj
gSA 'kknwZy fohfM+r NUn gSA
bl izdkj vDys'k&ds'ko&dqtj&fryd uked "k"B
izcUk o.kZu gqvk gSA
bfr f}rh;% lxZ%A
r`rh;% lxZ%
eqXk&ekqlwnu%
dalkfjjfi lalkj&okluk&cUk&kà[kyke~A
jkkkekkk; n;s rR;kt cztlqUnjh%
vUo;,oa lxZ};su jkkk&ekko;ks% mRd"kZo.kZu&izlr%
Jhjkkk;k mRd.Bka fu:I; bnkuha ".kksRd.Bka o.kZ;fr
egkdfo%;Fkk lk rfLeu~ mRdf.Brk rFkk dalkfj%
(Jh".k%) vfi lalkj&okluk&cUk&kà[kyka (lE;d~lkjHkwrk
;k okluk rL;k cUks n`<+hdj.ks kà[kyk fuxM+:fi.kh rka)
jkkka n;s (psrfl) vkkk; (vk lE;d~ izdkjs.k fuos';)
oztlqUnjh% vU;k% oztkuk% bfr 'ks"k% rR;kt ;Fkk
foosdh rkjrE;s.k ijeinkFkZ&fu'p;kr~ rnsdfpk% vU;r~
lo R;tfr r}fnfr Hkko%
vuqokndalkfj Jh".kus Jhjkkkds iwoZ iz.k;dk
Lej.k dj mls loZJs"B izsedk lkj vuqHko djrs gq,
lalkj oklukds cUkudh kà[kyk:ih Jhjkkkdks vius
n;esa kkj.kdj vU; cztkukvksads izsedks vfdfpr~dj
tkudj mu lcdk ifjR;kx dj fn;kA
i|kuqokn
tx cUku le izk.kksadh ekfufu jkkkdks euesa
vfr dj Hkwy x;s gfj] fiz; cztokqvksadks {k.kesa
ckycksfkuhiwoZ o.kr nks lxksesa Jhjkkkekkods
mRd"kZdk fu:i.k djrs gq, vUresa Jhjkkkdk Jh".kds
izfr vuqjkx&mRd.Bkdk fu:i.k fd;k gSA vc bl lxZds
izkjEHkesa Jh".kdk Jhjkkkds izfr vuqjkx ,oa mRd.Bk
izn'kr dh tk jgh gSA
126
JhxhrxksfoUne~
'kkjnh; jklyhykdh Le`fr tkx mBhleLr xksfi;ksads

e; vUrgr gks Jh".k Jhjkkkds lkFk jklLFkyhls pys
x;s rFkk ds'k&izlkku vkfn k`kfjd ps"Vkvksals Jhjkkkdk
izseoZu fd;kA fdUrq vc Jhjkkkds lkeus u gksusls
Jh".kds n;esa fojgtfur lUrki tkx mBk vkSj lUrIr
gksdj mUgksaus cztlqUnfj;ksadk ifjR;kx dj fn;kA
dalkfjJh".k dal uked jk{kljktds 'k=q gSa] da
lq[ka lkj;fr foLrkj;fr dalkfj%A vFkkZr~ lq[kds foLrkj
djusokys Hkxoku~ Jh".k gh dalkfj gSaA
lalkj okluk&c&kà[kyke~lalkj lE;d~ lkj]
bl lekl&okD;ds vuqlkj lalkj in vkuUne; rFkk
Hkkoe; ekqjjldk okpd gSA ekqj&jl fo"kf;.kh lrr
izo`k jgusokyh o`fk gh lalkj&okluk gSA Jh".kdks vius
o'kesa cuk;s j[kusds dkj.k jklesa Jhjkkk gh kà[kyk gSA
ftl izdkj fdlh oLrqdk Js"BRo fuf'pr gks tkus
ij vU;kU; oLrqvksadks NksM+dj ml Js"B&oLrqdks izkIr
djusdh lqn`<+ vfHkyk"kk gksrh gSog Js"B oLrq gh mlds
fy, vkJ;&Lo:i gks tkrk gSA oSls gh bl izlesa
Jhjkkk Jh".kds fy, lqn`<+ vkJ; Lo:i gS vFkok tSls
dksbZ foosdh iq#"k rkjrE;ds }kjk lkjoLrqdk fu'p; dj
mlesa nkfpk gksdj vU; oLrqvksadk ifjR;kx dj nsrk
gS] oSls gh ;gk Jh".kus lk{kkr:iesa vU;kU; xksfi;ksadk
R;kx dj fn;kA
oztlqUnjh%bl inesa cgqopudk iz;ksx gksusdk vfHkizk;
;g gS fd lkSUn;ZlEik vusd ;qofr;ksadk Jh".kus
Jhjkkkds fo;ksxls lUrIr gksdj ifjR;kx dj fn;kA blls
Jh".kdh Jhjkkkesa vuqjkx&vfr'k;rk lwfpr gks jgh gSA
bl i|esa îF;k* NUn gS
r`rh;% lxZ%eqXk&ekqlwnu%
127
brLrrLrkeuql`R; jkfkdkeu&ck.k&oz.k&f[kk&ekul%A
rkuqrki% l dfyUnufUnuh&rVkUr&dqts fo"klkn ekko%
vUo;l% ekko% vu&ck.k&oz.k&f[kkekul% (vuL;
enuL; ck.ktfursu oz.ksu f[kka dkrja ekula ;L; rkn`'k%
lu~) brLrr% rka jkfkdke~ vuql`R; (vfUo";) rkuqrki%
(dFkega rL;k% loksZkerka tkukfi voKkroku~ bfr
tkreuLrki% lu~ bR;FkZ%) dfyUn&ufUnuh&rVkUrdqts
(dfyUnufUnuh ;equk rL;k% rVkUrs dqyizkUrs ;% dqt%
r=) fo"klkn (fo"kkna roku~)
vuqoknvuck.kls tTtZfjr Jh".k ^gk;*! eSaus
Jhjkkkdk D;ksa ifjR;kx fd;kesjk muds lkFk dSls
feyu gksxkblizdkj vuqrki;q gksdj Jhjkkkdk bkj
mkj vUos"k.k djus yxsA dgha Hkh u feyus ij ;equkds
fudVokhZ fudqtesa fo"k..kfpk gksdj i'pkkki djus
yxsA
i|kuqokn
vuqrkfir ihfM+r fQjrs] euflt ck.kksads oz.kesaA
gwys ls tequ&iqfyu ij] Hkwys ls oÙnkouesa
ckycksfkuhJh".kds vuqHkkodk o.kZu fd;k tk
jgk gSA fojgesa Jhjkkkthdh tks fLFkfr Fkh] ogh fLFkfr
vc Jh".kdh gks x;h gSA Jh".k Jhjkkkds fojgesa
dkeck.kksals fo{kr gks x;s FksA ;|fi ogk cztlqUnfj;k
leqifLFkr Fkha] rFkkfi mUgsa muls mnklhurk gh cuh jghA
eu%dkUrk Jhjkkkdh mifLFkfr mUgsa vfkd fo"kkn;q cuk
jgh FkhA lkspk fd vkt Jhjkkkdk eSa leknj ugha dj
ik;k] vr% os ;equkrV izkUrds dqtesa pyh x;h gksaA
fo"kkn;q euls mudk vUos"k.k djus yxsu feyus ij
vuqrIr gks x;sA ;fn Jhjkkkdks vuqu;fou;ds }kjk euk
fy;k gksrk] rks os fQj ;gkls dgha u tkrhaA
128
JhxhrxksfoUne~
^êSa vijk/kh jksd u ik;k] mldks vkdqy {k.kesa**
129
blizdkj i'pkkki djrs gq, vuck.kls vkgr

Jhjkkkds fy, fo"kkn djus yxsA
ekko% ;g Jh".kdk uke lkfHkizk; gSA eky{eh
$ koifr y{ehifr_ ;k ekjkkk $ kofiz;re
ekko_ vFkkZr~ tks Jhjkkkds izk.kfiz;re gSa] mudk
Jhjkkkds fojgesa O;kdqy gksuk mudh (Jhjkkkdh)
lkSHkkX;&vfr'k;rkdk izrhd gSA
izLrqr 'yksdesa ôa'kLFkfoyk* ukedk o`k gSA onfUr
oa'kLFkfoys trkS tjkS;g oa'kLFkfoyk o`kdk y{k.k gSA
xhre~
xqtZjh jkxs.k ;fr rkysu p xh;rsA
ekfe;a pfyrk foyksD; o`ra okw&fup;suA

lkijkkr;k e;kfi u fuokfjrkfr Hk;su
gfj gfj grknjr;k xrk lk dqfirsokzqoe~
vUo;b;a (jkkk) okwfup;su (okquka ukjh.kka fup;su
lewgsu) o`ra (ifjosf"Vra) eka nwjr,o foyksD; pfyrk
vusu vU;ksU;koyksdua tkrfefr xE;rs_ dFka rnSo
ukuquhrk e;k n`"Vkfi lkijkkr;k (vkRekua lkijkka
eU;ekusu bR;FkZ%) vfrHk;su (vfrHkhrsusR;FkZ%) e;kfi u
okfjrk (fuokfjrk)A gfj gfj ([ksnlwpdeO;;agk d"Ve~)
grknjr;k (vuknjo'ksu) lk (Jhjkkk) dqfirso (ltkr&
dksiso) xrk (izfLFkrk)
vuqoknog Jhjkkk oztkukvksals ifjosf"Vr eq>dks
ns[kdj eku djds pyh x;haA viusdks vijkkh le>dj
Hk;ds dkj.k eSa mls jksdusdk lkgl Hkh u dj ldkA
130
JhxhrxksfoUne~
gk;! og lekn`r u gksusds dkj.k qlh gksdj ;gkls

pyh x;hA
i|kuqokn
:B x;h viekfur gks y[k eq>dks xksihtuesaA
eSa vijkkh jksd u ik;k mldks vkdqy {k.kesa
ckycksfkuhgfjgjhfr&[ksnsJh".k vius fo"kkndh
vfHkO;f dj jgs gSaA gk;! cM+s d"Vdh ckr gS fd
izHkwr xq.klEikk Jhjkkk eq>s cztlqUnjh lewgls f?kjk gqvk
ns[kdj viusdks vukn`r ,oa misf{kr le>dj ;gkls nwj
pyh x;haA os esjs n;esa izs;lhds :iesa fo|eku gSa] esjs
izfr muds vkUrfjd izsedk dHkh O;fre Hkh ugha gqvk
gS] fQj Hkh Jhjkkkds izfr ;g esjk vijkk gks x;k gSA
vijkkh gksusds dkj.k eSa Hk;Hkhr gks x;k] muls vuqu;
fou; Hkh ugha dj ldk] mUgsa euk Hkh u ldkA os
dqfir&lh gksdj ;gkls pyh x;haA eq>s cM+k fo"kkn gks
jgk gS
d dfj";fr d ofn";fr lk fpja fojgs.kA

d kusu d tusu d ee thforsu x`gs.k
gfj gfj grknjr;k---
vUo;lk fpja fojgs.k (nh?ksZ.k ef}PNsnsu) dkooLFkka
izkI; d dfj";fr (fdeqik;a fokkL;fr)_ l[kha izfr]
d ofn";fr bR;ga u tkusA r;k fcuk ee kusu
(xkskusu) d\ tusu (ozttusu) d\ x`gs.k (x`gkoLFkkusu)
d\ d cgquk thforsu ok fde~_ rka fcuk
loZesokfdfpRdjfefr Hkko% gfj gfj grknjsR;kfn loZ=
;kstuh;e~
vuqoknfpjdkyrd funk#.k fojgds rkils ifjrIr
gksdj u tkus og D;k djsxh] u tkus D;k dgsxh\ vgks!
131
Jhjkkkds fojgesa eq>s ku] tu] thou rFkk fudsru lc

dqN vlkj cksk gks jgk gSA
i|kuqokn
D;k u djsxh] D;k cksysxh fojg&fonXkk ouesaA
jkkk fcu gS 'ks"k eq>s D;k txrh esa] thou esa
ckycksfkuhfojgh Jh".kdh voLFkkdk o.kZu djrs
gq, dgrs gSa fd Jhjkkkds fo;ksxesa tks eq>ij chr jgh
gS] ogh mlij Hkh chr jgh gksxhA fdruh vkdqyrk
O;kdqyrk vuqHko dj jgh gksxh\ bl fo;ksxtfur
nq%[kkuqHkodk dkj.k esjk vijkk gh gSA esjs gh dkj.k mls
bruk d"V gks jgk gSA tc mlls feywxk rks u tkus og
dksi rFkk bZ";kZ vkfndh vfHkO;f dSls djsxh\ viuh
fiz; l[khds fudV ^funZ;*] ^fu"Bqj* dgdj eq>ij vfHk;ksx
yxk;sxh] u tkus D;k&D;k dgsxh\ mlds vuUrj eSa
dgwxk fd jkks] rqEgkjs vHkkoesa ku] tu] xksku vkSj x`g
lEink lc dqN rqPN izrhr gksrk gS
fpUr;kfe rnkuua dqfVy Hkzq&dksiHkjs.kA

'kks.kifeoksifj
Hkzerkdqya
Hkzejs.k
gfj gfj grknjr;k---
vUo;dksiHkjs.k (dksikfr'k;su) dqfVyHkzw (dqfVys
os HkzwokS ;= rkn`'ka) rnkuue~ (rL;k% fiz;rek;k vkuue~)
mifj Hkzerk Hkzejs.k vkdqya (O;kIra) 'kks.kifeo
(jitfeo) fpUr;kfe
vuqokneSa Jhjkkkds eMjkrs gq, ';ke Hkzejksads }kjk
ifjosf"Vr vkj eq[kdeydks izR;{kdh Hkkfr ns[k jgk
gw] tks jks"k&Hkkjls dqfVy Hkzwyrk;q jidh 'kksHkkdks
kkj.k fd;s gq, gSaA
132
JhxhrxksfoUne~
i|kuqokn
>qy jgk Vs<+h HkkSagksae;] HkkSaj Hkzfer eq[k mldkA
jaxk gqvk gS fjlls loj] yky dey&lk ftldk
ckycksfkuhJh".k dg jgs gSa fd lEizfr eq>s
Jhjkkkds eq[kidk Lej.k gks jgk gSA mudh HkkSagsa kskds
dkj.k vkSj vfkd dqfVy gks x;h gksaxhA dksids Hkkjls
Jhjkkkdk xksjk rFkk yky eq[kM+k dqfVy dkfUrokyh
HkkSagksals mlh izdkj lq'kksfHkr gks jgk gS tSls yky deyds
ij eMjkrs gq, dkys Hkzejksadh iaf O;kIr gksA
izLrqr 'yksdesa okD;kFkhZ miek vykj gS] D;ksafd
;gk jks"ke; eq[kdh miek yky deyls rFkk dqfVy
dkyh HkkSagksadh lekurk dkys Hkzejksadh iafls dh x;h
gS
rkega fn lrkefu'ka Hk`'ka je;kfeA

d ousuqljkfe rkfeg d o`Fkk foyikfe
gfj gfj grknjr;k---
vUo;fde~ (dFka) ous rke~ vuqljkfe (vUos"k;kfe)
u djdfyrjRua e`X;rs uhje;s bR;kfHkizk;%_ rkeqf';
o`Fkk d (dFka) foyikfe ,rf}yiua fu"QyfeR;FkZ%_
vga fn lrke~ (n;LFkka) vfi rke~ (jkkke~) vfu'ka
(fujUrja) Hk`'ka (vR;Fk) je;kfe (r;k lg fogjkfe
bR;FkZ%)
vuqokngk;! tc eSa lnkloZnk Jhjkkkdks vius
n;&efUnjesa izR;{k vuqHko dj eu&gh&eu izxk<+:ils
vkfyu djrk gw] rc eSa mlds fy, D;ksa o`Fkk gh
foyki dj jgk gw] D;ksa mldks ou&ouesa <w<+rk fQj jgk
gw\
133
i|kuqokn
jkftr gS og lqUnj izfrek eu&efUnjesa esjs]
lklsa djrh jgrha ftlds Qsjs lk>&lcsjsA
fdl ouesa fiz; tk] [kkstw infpksadks rsjs\
dc rd jgq cjlrk] vk[kksaesa cnyhdks ?ksjs\
ckycksfkuhfojgesa vfr'k; O;kdqy vUreZuesa Jhjkkkdh
LQwk izkIr gksusij Jh".k dgrs gSa] Jhjkkk rks vgu'k
esjs eu&efUnjesa jgusokyh esjh fiz;rek izs;lh gSa vkSj
viuh n;fLFkrk mu Jhjkkkds lkFk eSa vR;fkd je.k
djrk jgrk gwA os eq>ls dHkh fo;q gksrha gh ughaA
ouesa tc gS gh ugha] rks mlesa mudks [kkstusls D;k ykHk
gS vkSj ;gk ns[kdj eSa tks foyki dj jgk gw og Hkh
O;FkZ gS
rfUo f[kkelw;;k n;a rokdy;kfeA

rk osf dqrks xrkfl rsu rsuqu;kfe
gfj gfj grknjr;k---
vUo;gs rfUo ('kkf) ro n;a (psr%) vlw;;k
(rnqRd"kZKkukjks|e:is xq.ks nks"kkjksi.k:i;k bZ";Z;k) f[kke~
(furjka O;fFkre~) vkdy;kfe (lEHkko;kfe)_ rr~ (rLekr~)
dqr% (dq=) xrkfl bfr u osf (u tkukfe)_ rsu
(gsrquk) rs (rqH;a) u vuqu;kfe (iknxzg.kkfnuk u
{keki;kfe)
vuqokngs 'kkf! izrhr gksrk gS] rqEgkjk n;
vlw;kls dyqf"kr gks x;k gS] ijUrq eSa D;k d:] rqe
vfHkekfuuh gksdj dgk pyh x;h gksij eSa ugha tkurk
gw fd rqEgkjs ekudks nwj djusds fy, dSls vuqu; fou;
d:\
134
JhxhrxksfoUne~
i|kuqokn
tku jgk bZ";kZls rUoh! fNk n; gS rsjkA
dgk x;h gS\ lqu ik;sxh D;k ;g vuqu; esjk\
ckycksfkuhJh".k Jhjkkkdh fo;ksxkoLFkkls vR;Ur
O;kdqy gSa] mf}Xu gSaA os vius le{k gh fo|eku&lh
Jhjkkkdks ekudj] LQwkds mn~xfer gksusij Jhjkkkdks
^rfUo* inls lEcksfkr djus yxsgs jkks! eSaus rqEgsa
NksM+dj nwljh cztkukvksads lkFk fogkj fd;kA blfy,
rqEgkjk n; dyqf"kr gks x;k gS] rqEgkjs n;esa viuh
mRd"kZrkds dkj.k nwljksads izfr bZ";kZ Hkj x;h gSA
nks"kkjksi.kds dkj.k rqEgkjk n; [ksne; gks x;k gSA rqe
;gkls vU;= pyh x;h gksA ;fn eSa tkurk fd rqe dgk
x;h gks rks rqEgkjk iknLi'kZ djds rqEgsa euk ysrkrqels
{kek ekx ysrk
n`';ls iqjrks xrkxreso es fonkkflA

d iqjso llaHkzea&ifjjEHk.ka u nnkfl
gfj gfj grknjr;k---
vUo;fiz;s] es (ee) iqjr% (vxzr%) ,o xrkxra
(;krk;kra) fonkkfl (djksf"k)_ iqjr% n`';ls rFkkfi d
(dFka) iqjk bo (iwoZor~) llEHkzea (lkosxa ;Fkk L;kr~
rFkk) ifjjEHk.ka (vkfyua) u nnkfl iqj% fLFkrk;k%
fiz;rek;k bZn`'kh fu"Bqjrk u ;qk bR;fHkizk;%
vuqokngk;! rqe esjs lkeus vkrh tkrh lh
fn[kk;h ns jgh gks] ij igysdh Hkkfr vfr'k; izseksYyklds
dkj.k lEHkzeds lkFk rqe lglk gh esjk vkfyu D;ksa
ugha djrh gks\
i|kuqokn
esjs lEeq[k nh[k jgh rw] iy iy vkrh tkrhA
D;ksa u ltfu! fQj lgt Hkkols Hkqt ;qxesa ck tkrh
135
ckycksfkuhgs fiz;s 'kkf! vius lkeus eSa rqedks

;krk;kr djrk gqvk ns[k jgk gw] cl dsoy rqe vkrh
tkrh gh gks] ij D;k dkj.k gS fd vkt rqe eq>s
vkfyu ik'kesa ugha ckk jgh gks\ rqe bruh fu"Bqj D;ksa
cu x;h gks\ lp gS fd fojgh iq#"kdh mf}XukoLFkk tc
ijkdk"Bkij igqp tkrh gS] rc ml le; mldh Hkkouk
pje voLFkkdks izkIr gks tkrh gSA ml le; mls yxrk
gS fd mldk izseh ogha gSA Jhjkkkds fo;ksxds dkj.k
Jh".k brus fody gks x;s gSa fd mudh Hkkouk
lk{kkr~rkoLFkk rd igqp x;h gS] lHkh vksj Jhjkkk gh
Jhjkkk fn[kk;h ns jgh gSA ogh] ogh] cl ogh Jhjkkk
lEiw.kZ lalkjesa fn[kk;h ns jgh gS
{kE;rkeija dnkfi rosn`'ka u djksfeA

nsfg lqUnfj n'kZua ee eUeFksu nquksfe
gfj gfj grknjr;k---
vUo;gs lqUnfj] {kE;rka vijkkfeee~ bfr 'ks"k%
dnkfi ro vije~ bZn`'ke~ (,oEizdkja) vfiz;fefr 'ks"k%
u djksfe (dfj";kfe)_ vr% ee n'kZua nsfg_ eUeFksu
(euks eFukrhfr eUeFkks fojg% rsu) nquksfe (Dys'ka
izkIuksfe)
vuqokngs lqUnfj! eq>s {kek dj nksA vc rqEgkjs
lkeus ,slk vijkk dHkh ugha d:xkA vc n'kZu nks] eSa
dUniZ ihM+kls O;fFkr gks jgk gwA
i|kuqokn
D;k u {kek vc dj nksxh fut vijkkhdks jkuh\
ekqef;! n'kZu ns d"Vksadh dj nks vUr dgkuh
Hkwy u gksxh_ vc Hkfo";esa ;g vk[kksadk ikuh
lk{kh gS] dfo ^t;* ds Lojesa xwt
h eksgu&ok.kh
136
JhxhrxksfoUne~
ckycksfkuhJh".kdh m}sxkoLFkkdh pje lhek ;gk

dfo}kjk vfHkO; gks jgh gSA euesa Jhjkkkdh LQwk gksus
yxh gS] muds lkeus os vius vkjk;dh Lohfr djrs
gq, dg jgs gSa] gs jkks! esjs vijkkksadks {kek djks] tks
dqN gks x;k mls Hkwy tkvks] Hkfo";esa vc dHkh ,slk
vijkk ugha d:xkA eq>s n'kZu nks] eSa rqEgkjk vfr fiz;
gw] rqe esjh vk[kksals vks>y er gksvksA rqEgkjs fojgesa eSa
dkerkils >qylk tk jgk gwA
izLrqr xhresa o.kr uk;d Jh".k khj yfyr gSa
rFkk ijLij vuqjkx tfur foizyEHk&k`kj bl xhrdk
izkku jl gSA
o.kra t;nsodsu gjsfjna izo.ksuA

dsUnqfoYo&leqnzlEHko&jksfg.kh&je.ksu
gfj gfj grknjr;k---
vUo;dsUnqfcYo&leq&lEHko&jksfg.kh&je.ksu (dsUnq&
fcYoukek xzke% l ,o leqa rLekr~ lEHkorhfr rFkks%
;% jksfg.khje.k% pU% rsu) t;nsodsu izo.ksu (iz.krsu
lrk_ uezs.k bR;FkZ%) gjs% (".kL;) bna (fojgxhra) o.kra
(jfpre~)
vuqokndsUnqfoYo uked xzke:i leqls tks pUekdh
Hkkfr vkfoHkwZr gq, gSa] ftUgksaus Jh".kdh foykilwpd
opukoyhdk laxzg fd;k gS,sls dfo Jht;nso fouezrkds
lkFk bl xhrdk o.kZu dj jgs gSaA
ckycksfkuhdfo Jht;nsothus vR;Ur fou;iwoZd
Jhjkkkds izfr Jh".kds fojg&foykidk o.kZu fd;k gSA
leqls tSls pUekdk mo gksrk gS] mlh izdkj dsUnqfoYo
xkoesa t;nso uked dfodk vkfoHkkZo gqvk gSA Jht;nso
137
dfodk ,d uke ih;w"ko"khZ gSA ih;w"ko"khZ pUekdk Hkh

,d uke gSA jksfg.khje.k pUekdk gh uke gSA pUekls
tSls lHkh yksx vkufUnr gksrs gSa] mlhizdkj bl xhfrdkO;ls
Hkh lHkh yksx vkufUnr gksaxs
fn folyrk&gkjks uk;a
Hkqte&uk;d%
dqoy;&ny&Js.kh d.Bs u lk xjy&|qfr%
ey;t&jtks usna
HkLe&fiz;k&jfgrs
ef;
izgj u gj&HkzkUR;ku qkk fdeq kkofl\
vUo;vkquk eUeFkeqikyHkrsgs vu] qkk (dksius )
fdeq (dFka) kkofl\ enFkZpsr]~ rg gjHkzkUR;k ('kjHkze.s k)
fiz;kjfgrs ef; u izgj (izgkja ek dq#) gjLrq fiz;kkZ;q%
vrks ukga gjksfLe_ rYy{k.kkfnda psr~ n`';rs ef; bR;fi
u_ rFkkp gjHkzkUr okj;fr fn (ee o{kfl) v;a
folyrkgkj% (folyrk;k e`.kkyL; gkj%)_ fojgrki'kkUR;Fk
fkz;rs bfr Hkko% Hkqte&uk;d% (Hkqtxifr% 'ks"k% ;%
gjs.k ekykdkjs.k fn fkz;rs bfr l%) uA d.Bs dqoy;&
nyJs.kh (dqoy;kuka uhyksRiykuka nyJs.kh nyi~f%)]
'kSR;k; fkz;rs bfr Hkko%_ lk (izflk) xjy|qfr%
(gykgydkfUr_ ;k gjd.Bs fojktrs lk) uA fdp bna
(ee xk=yXua) ey;t&jt% (pUnujs.kq%) fojgrki&'kkUR;Fk
'kSR;k; lkSxUkk; fkz;rs bfr Hkko% HkLe (gjxk=yXua
Hkf"kra) u
vuqokngs vu! D;k rqe eq>s pU'ks[kj tkudj
jks"k Hkjdj d"V ns jgs gks\ rqEgkjh ;g dSlh fo"kerk
gS\ esjs n;esa tks dqN ns[k jgs gks] og Hkqtjkt oklqdh
ugha gS] ;g rks e`.kky yrk fuer gkj gSA d.Bns'kesa
fo"kdh uhfyek ugha gS] uhy deydh ekyk gSA ;g
fiz;kfoghu esjh bl nsgij fprkHkLe ugha] ;g rks pUnudk
138
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vuqysiu gSA blfy, gs eUeFk! rqe fuo`k gks tkvks]

Hkzeesa iM+dj eq>ij O;FkZ gh fo"ke ck.kdh o"kkZ er
djks] ksk djds esjh vksj D;ksa nkSM+ jgs gks\ vkSj ns[kks!
egknso ikoZrhds lkFk vkZesa fefyr gksdj lq[kls
fojkt jgs gSa] ijUrq esjh izk.kkfkdk jkfkdkds lkFk feyu
rks cgqr nwjdh ckr] og dgk gS] eSa Hkh ugha tkurk
gw
i|kuqokn
mj ij ukx ugha gS ;g rks] Js.kh dqoy; nydhA
fo"kdh vkHkk ugha d.Besa] ekyk uhy dey dh
HkLe ugha gS 'khry djus] fojg rkidh Tokyk
yxk jgk ey;t&jt ruesa] eSa fojgh erokyk
ckycksfkuhizs;lh Jhjkkkds fojgesa dkensods ck.kksals
Jh".kdk vUr%dj.k ttZfjr gks x;k gSA Jh".kdks ,slk
izrhr gks jgk gS] tSls dkensous mls pUekSyh le> fy;k
gS] rHkh rks vius vHks| ck.kksadk izgkj mu ij dj jgk
gS] foy gksdj Jh".k dgrs gSags vu! ns[kks]
egknso loZnk viuh fiz;rek ikoZrhds lkFk vkZesa
fefyr gksdj dSls lq[kls fojkteku gSa] ijUrq izk.kkfkdk
Jhjkfkdkds lkFk esjk feyu rks cgqr nwjdh ckr gS] og
dgk gS] ;g Hkh eq>s irk ugha gSA eUeFk&lUrkils ihfM+r
Jh".kdks Jhjkkkdh LQwk gks jgh gSA vr% os lk{kkr~
:iesa dg jgs gSags vu! rqe D;ksa O;FkZ gh ksk
djds eq>s 'kj le>dj ckj&ckj esjs ij vk?kkr
djusds fy, nkSM+ jgs gksA rqEgsa tks ;g lkidh rjg
deyukyds lwrksadh ekyk fn[krh gS] ;g rks e`.kky&n.Mdk
gkj gS] esjs xysesa tks uhy&deyksadh iaf gS] mls rqe
'kjds xysesa fo"kdh uhydkfUr eku jgs gks] esjs 'kjhj
ij tks ;g ns[k jgs gks og HkLe ugha gS] og rks
139
fiz;rekds fo;ksxtfur lUrkidks nwj djusds fy, ey;t

pUnudk ysi yxk;k gS] tks lw[kdj HkLeesa ifj.kr gks
x;k gSA eSa rks fiz;kds fcuk oSls gh fu"izk.k gks jgk gw_
D;ksa esjs ij izgkj dj jgs gks\
izLrqr 'yksdesa gfj.kh NUn] viuqfr vykj rFkk
foizyEHk&k`kj fpf=r gSA dqN fo}kuksads erkuqlkj ;gk
HkzkfUreku vykj gSA
ik.kkS ek dq# pwr&'kk;deeqa ek pkiekjksi;

hM+k&futr&fo'o! eqPNr&tuk?kkrsu d ikS#"ke~A
rL;k ,o e`xhn`'kks euflt! izs~[kRdVk{kk'kqx&
Js.kh&ttZfjra eukxfi euks uk|kfi lUkq{krs
vUo;u dsoyenkgkr~ f'koks ee oSjh] Hkokufi
mYyf~?kr& 'kklu&Rokr~] vrLRo;fi izgfj";kehR;r vkggs
hM+kfuTtrfo'o (hM+;k fuTtr% fo'oa ;su rRlEcqkS)
gs euflt (gs vu) veqa pwr'kk;da (vkezeqdqy:ia
ck.ka) ik.kkS (gLrs) ek dq# (ek x`gk.k)_ ;fn ik.kkS
rokufl rg ik.kkS ,o vkLrke~ pkia (kuq%) ek
vkjksx; ('k;s.k ek lUksfg bR;FkZ%)_ dFkesoa foks;feR;r
vkgewPNrtuk?kkrsu (ewPNrL; 'kjizgkjs.k eksga xrL;
tuL; vk?kkrsu izgkjs.k izr&izgkjs.k bR;FkZ%) d ikS#"ka
(d% iq#"kdkj%)\ (dFka Roa ewPNr% bR;r vkg)ee
eu% rL;k ,o e`xhn`'k% (e`xk{;k% jkkk;k%) iz
s ~[kRdVk{kk'kqx&
Js.khttZfjra (izs~[kUr% mPNyUra ;s dVk{kk% rs ,o
vk'kqxk% ck.kk% rs"kka Js.khfHk% i~ffHk% ttZfjra furjka
foe~) vr,o v|kfi eukxfi (vR;Yiefi) u lUkq{krs
(u izr xPNfr)
vuqokngs dUniZ! hM+kds Nyls 'kjkluds cyij
leLr fo'odks thrusokys] Lej&Tojls ihfM+r vR;Ur
nhughu ttZfjr esjs tSls O;fds ij izgkj djusls
140
JhxhrxksfoUne~
rqEgkjk dkSulk ijke fl gksxk\ rqe bl vkezetjhds

ck.kdks vius gkFkesa er yks vkSj ;fn ysrs Hkh gks rks
mls kuq"kij er p<+kvksA ns[kks! ml e`xu;uk Jhjkkkds
gh izlèj dVk{kksals ttZfjr esjk eu vHkh rd LoLFk ugha
gks ik;k gS] vr,o enufodkjls ewPNr mlij izgkj er
djks
i|kuqokn
f'kods kks[ks ^vf'ko* R; D;ksa djrs euflt Hkksys!
jks"k Hkjs cjlkrs gks 'kj fuf'kfnu rjdl [kksysA
vkezetjhds ck.kksadks
er fut djesa kjukA
;fn kjuk rks kuqij kjdj lUkku u djuk
ns[k jgs gks e`xu;uhds 'kjls fg;dk fNnukA
iqu% rqEgkjs ck.kksadk D;k lg ikxk fckuk
fut hM+kls thr fo'odks ml ij 'kklu djrsA
ewPNr tuij dj izgkj D;ksa 'kkS;Z izn'kZu djrs\
ckycksfkuhdkensous ekuks Jh".kls dgkesjs 'kjhjdks
tykusokyk og f'ko rks 'k=q gS gh] ijUrq vki Hkh esjs
'kkludk mYya?ku djusokys gSa] vr% vki ij Hkh
ck.kksadk vuqlUkku d:xkA rc Jh".k dkedks mikyEHk
nsrs gq, dgrs gSa fdgs euflt! er yks gkFkesa vkeds
ckSjksadk ck.kA
dkensods iq"ick.k ikp izdkjds gksrs gSa
() vkez eqdqy] () v'kksd iq"i] () efYydk
iq"i] () ekkoh iq"i] () cdqy iq"i (ekSyJh)A
olUr rq gksusds dkj.k vkezetjh o`{kksads vxzHkkxesa
fudy vk;h gSA Jh".k fopkj dj jgs gSa fd dkenso
blh vkezetjhdks viuk ck.k cukdj jkkk&fojgesa
O;fFkr eq>ij gh vk?kkr djsxkA vr,o mls fojfer
dj jgs gSarqe vkezetjhds ml ck.kdks vius djksaesa
xzg.k er djksA
141
ek pkiekjksi;;fn rqeus fut gkFkksaesa kkj.k dj gh

fy;k gS] rks Hkh bls vius kuq"kdh izR;apkij er
p<+kvksA gs hM+kfutr fo'ovius [ksyls gh fo'odks
thrusokys! eSa rqEgkjs gkFk tksM+rk gw] og ck.k eq>
fu"izk.kdk ok dj MkysxkA rqe fo'ofot;h gks] eSa
Jhjkkkds fo;ksxds dkj.k e`rrqY; gwA rqEgkjs tSlk ohj
fdlh ejsdks ekjus yxs] rks rqEgkjk gh vi;'k gksxk]
rqEgkjs ijkedh iz'kalk u gksxhA
êuflt* bl inls Jh".k dg jgs gSa fd rqe rks
esjs euls gh mRik gq, gksA ftlls mRik gq, gks] mlhdks
ekjus yx tkuk rks dksbZ mfpr dk;Z ugha gSA
rqe Jhjkkkds fy, esjs izfr ck.kksadk izgkj djuk
pkgrs gks rks Jhjkkkds izlèj dVk{kikr:ih ck.k tks
rqEgkjs ck.kksals Hkh vfkd rh{.k gS] mlhls tTtZfjr gks
x;k gwA bl ?kk;y ij vlk; fo"kck.kdk izgkj D;ksa\
izLrqr 'yksdesa 'kknwZy fohfM+r NUn rFkk vk{ksikykj
gS
HkzwiYyoks
kuqjik&rjfrkfu
ck.kk xq.k% Jo.k&ikfyfjfr Lejs.kA
rL;keu&t;&te&nsork;k&
ekf.k futr&txfUr fdeirkfu
vUo;HkzwiYyo% (Hkzw% iYyo bo rFkks%) kuq%
(dkeqZda) vikrjfrkfu (dVk{kizsf{krkfu) ck.kk% ('kjk%)]
Jo.kikfy% (d.kZizkUrHkkx%) xq.k% (ekSohZ) bfr (,rkfu)
futr&txfUr (futrkfu txfUr ;S% rkn`'kkfu) vkf.k
Lejs.k (dkesu) vu&t;&te&nsork;ke~ (vuL;
t;% f=HkqouijkHko LrL; ;k tek ppyk nsork
rnfk"Bk=h nsohR;FkZ% rFkkHkwrk;ka) rL;ke~ (jkkk;ke~) virkfu
142
JhxhrxksfoUne~
(U;Lrkfu) fde~\ rRizlknyCkSjS% txfTtRok iquLr=S&

okirkuhfr Hkko%
vuqoknvgks! Hkzq&iYyo:ih kuq"k] vik&Hkfek]
rj:ih ck.k] u;u vofk Jo.k izkUrrd foLr`r T;k
vFkkZr~ kuq"kdh Mksjhbl lEiw.kZ veks?k vfo|kds
lkku:ih midj.kksadks dkensous lEiw.kZ txrdks fuo'ks"k:iesa
thrdj mu vksadh Lokfeuh] viuh fot;dh te
nsork Jhjkkkdks iqu% vir dj fn;k gSA
i|kuqokn
f=Hkqou fot;h vksasdks] vir jkkkdks ,sls&
dj lek x;k Lej mlesa] dksbZ gkjk gks tSlsA
HkkSagksaesa ^kuq"k* clk gS] 'kj&ikr nhBesa cSBh!
dkuksadh ikyh fn[krh] ekuks izR;apk ,saBh
ckycksfkuhJh".k Jhjkkkesa dkeck.k&lewgdk vkjksi.k
djrs gq, dgrs gSa fd lalkjdks thrusokys vksadks
dkenso Jhjkkkesa gh fuf{kIr dj fn;k gS D;k\ ^rr~*
'kCnls ;gk îwokZuqHkwfr* vfHkO; gqbZ gSA ^rL;ke~* inls
lwfpr fd;k gS fd ftl Jhjkkkds fo;ksxls eSa O;kdqy gw]
tks esjh eu%dkUrk gS] mlhesa Jh".kus txf}t;h vksadks
fuf{kIr dj fn;k gSA
Jhjkkkds f}rh; oSf'k"Vdk izfriknu djrs gq,
dgrs gSa fd Jhjkkk vut;h te nsork gSA dkenso
rks txf}t; djusokys pyrs&fQjrs nsork gSaA Jhjkkkls gh
vksadks miyCk djds dkensous txr~ thrk vkSj iqu%
ms';dh iwk gks tkusij mlh nsorkdks mu vksadks
leir dj fn;k gSA
dkensodk txf}t;h v gSHkziw Yyo&kuq%A Jhjkkkdh
HkkSagsa uhyh ,oa fLuXk gSa_ blfy, muesa HkzwiYyodk vkjksi
gS vkSj Vs<+h gksusls muesa kuq"kdk vkjksi gSA Jhjkkkds
143
^vik&rj* gh dkensods vik oh{k.k:ih dVk{koskd

ck.k gSaA ck.k ftlizdkj vfHky{;dk Hksnu dj Mkyrs gSa]
mlh izdkj Jhjkkkus Hkh esjs eudks Hksn Mkyk gSA ^v*
'kCnls vfo|k lkkuds midj.k dgs tkrs gSaA
blizdkj Jh".kus rr~ rr~ vkfo"dkj leFkZ vo;oksaesa
dkensods rr~ rr~ vfo|k lkkuksidj.kksadh mRizs{kk dh
gSA
bl 'yksdesa ôlUr frydk* NUn gS] mRizs{kk ,oa
:id vykjksadh lal`f"V gS
Hkzwpkis fufgr% dVk{k&fof'k[kks fuekZrq eeZO;Fkka

';kekRek dqfVy% djksrq dcjh&Hkkjksfi ekjks|ee~A
eksgUrkon;p rfUo ruqrka foEckkjks jkxoku~
ln~o`ka Lru&e.Mya ro dFka izk.kSeZe hM+fr
vUo;vkquk rRdVk{kkfn&Lej.ksu LoL; lkfr'k;&ihM+ka
o.kZ;frgs rfUo ('kkf) Hkzwpkis (Hkzwjso pkiks kuq%
r=) fufgr% (vir%) dVk{kfof'k[k% (dVk{k ,o fof'k[k%
'kj%) eeZO;Fkka (eekZf.k O;Fkka) fuekZrq (fonkkrq) uk=kI;ukSfpR;a
pkikirck.kL; eeZO;Fkknk;d&LoHkkoRokfnfr Hkko%_ ';kekRek
(';keo.kZ%_ vU;= efyuLoHkko%) dqfVy% (HkfHk`r~_
vU;= oLoHkko%) dcjhHkkj% (ds'kik'k%) vfi ekjks|ea
(ekjL; vU;= ekj.kL; m|ea ) djks r q dq f VyL;
efyuLoHkkoL; p ekjd&LoHkkoRokfnfrHkko%_ v;p jkxoku~
(jo.kZ%_ vU;= ksku%) foEckkj% (foEcQyor~ vkj%)
eksga rkor~ ruqrka (fonkkrq) LoHkkodksiuL; izgkjkfnuk
eksgtudRokfnfr Hkko%_ ro ln~o`ka (lqxksya vU;=
lqpfj=a) Lrue.Mya dFka ee izk.kS% hM+fr (izk.kgj.k:ika
hM+ka fdfefr djksrhR;FkZ%) ln~o`kL; ijihM+kdj.keuqfprfefr
Hkko%
144
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vuqokngs Njgjh nsg;f"Vokyh (bdgjs cnu okyh)

jkks! rqEgkjs Hkzwpkils fuf{kIr dVk{k fof'k[k (ck.k) esjs
n;dks funk#.k ihM+kls ihfM+r djs] rqEgkjk ';key
dqfVy ds'kik'k esjk ok djusdk mie djs] rqEgkjk ;g
fcEcQyds leku jkx&jftr vkj eq>esa eksg mfnr
djs] fdUrq rqEgkjk ;g ln~o`k (lqxksy) euksgj e.Mykdkj
Lru;qxy lqpfjr gksdj hM+kds Nyls esjs izk.kksads lkFk
D;ksa hM+k dj jgk gS\
i|kuqokn
gs rfUo] us=&'kj rsjs] fur Nsn jgs gSa mjdks
os O;ky ds'k Hkh jg&jg] Mlrs jgrs gSa eq>dksA
os ljl ekqj fcEckkj] eq>dks eksgkdqy djrs
mkr mjkst lf[k! rsjs] D;ksa th esa thou Hkjrs
ckycksfkuhJhjkkkdk ;ku djrs gq, Jh".k dgrs
gSa] jkks! rqEgkjs HkzwdqfV kuq"kesa vkjksfir ck.k gh esjs
vUr%dj.kdks izihfM+r dj jgs gSa] rqEgkjs dVk{kdh ygjsa
gh ck.k gSa] mudk ,slk djuk mfpr gh gS] D;ksafd kuq"kls
lEcfUkr ck.k LokHkkfod:ils nwljksads fy, nq%[knk;h gksrs
gSanwljksadks fonh.kZ djuk gh rks budk keZ gSA
rqEgkjs dkys dqfpr LokHkkfod :ils ork kkj.k
fd;s gq, ds'k Hkh ekjusdk ijke djrs gS]a ;g Hkh vuqfpr
ugha gS] D;ksfa d ftldk n; dqfVy ,oa efyu gksrk gS] og
nwljksd
a ks ekjusdk iz;kl LokHkkfod:ils djrs gh gSAa
gs 'kkf jkks! fcEcQy ln`'k rqEgkjk ;g jfe
vkj eq>s ewPNr dj jgk gS] mlesa Hkh dksbZ vukSfpR;
ugha gSa] D;ksafd tks jkxh gksrk gS og vuqjkxesa D;k ugha
djrk\ nwljksadks eksfgr djusdk dke LokHkkfod:ils
djrk gSA
fdUrq ;g vo'; gh vuqfpr yxrk gS fd rqEgkjk
145
lqokZqy Lru;qxy hM+kds Nyls esjs izk.kksadks gj.k

djusdh ps"Vk D;ksa dj jgk gS\ lTtuksadk ,slk vkpj.k
rks vLokHkkfod gh gSA tks ln~o`k gksrk gS] og nwljksads
izk.kksads lkFk f[kyokM+ ugha djrkA
izLrqr 'yksdesa 'kknwZy fohfM+r NUn rFkk fojkskkykj
gS
rkfu Li'kZ&lq[kkfu rs p rjyk% fLuXkk n`'kksoHkzek&

Lr}D=kEcqt&lkSjHka l p lqkkL;Unh fxjka ofekA
lk foEckkj&ekkqjhfr fo"k;klsfi psUekula
rL;ka yXu&lekfk gUr fojg&O;kfk% dFka oZrs
vUo;rkfu (iwokZuHq kwrkuhR;FkZ%) Li'kZl[q kkfu (vLi'kZ&
tfurkfu lq[kkfu) ,rsu RofxfU;&fo"k;kl% izkIr%_ rs
p (iwokZuqHkwrk%) rjyk% (ppyk%) fLuXkk% (Lusgo"k.k%)
n`'kks% (p{kq"kks%) foHkzek% (foyklk%) ,rsu p{kqfjfU;&
fo"k;klykHk%_ r}D=kEcqt&lkSjHka (rr~ iwokZuqHkwra oD=eso
vEcqta rL; lkSjHka) ,rsu ?kzk.ksfU;&fo"k;kl m%_ l
p (iwokZuqHkwr%) lqkkL;Unh (ve`rkoh) fxjka (okpka)
ofek (ork Hkffo'ks"k bR;FkZ%) ,rsu Jo.ksfU;&
fo"k;klf% lwfprk_ lk p foEckkj&ekkqjh (foEckkjL;
ekkqjh ekqjrk) ,rsu jlusfU;&fo"k;klf% lwfprk_ lk
p foEckkj&ekkqjh (foEckkjL; ekkqjh ekqjrk) ,rsu
jlusfU;&fo"k;kl% izkIr%A bfr (,oa) fo"k;klsfi
(fo"k;s"kq vkls O;klkS vfi) ee ekula rL;ka
(jkkk;ka) yXulekfk (yXu% lekfkjsdkxzrk ;L; rkn`'ka_
rnsdklfeR;FkZ%) gLr ([ksns) fojgO;kfk% (foPNsn;U=.kk)
dFka oZrs fo;q;ksjso fojg% L;kr~ v= eul% la;ksxks
okZrs rRdFkfe;a ;kruk bR;fHkizk;%
146
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vuqokn,dkUresa fiz;kdk ;ku djrs gq, eSa blds

mlh lqfoey Li'kZtfur lq[kdk vuqHko dj iqyfdr gks
jgk gw] mlds u;u;qxydh ppyrk] lqfLuXk Hkfek]
foHkzerk vkSj n`f"V{ksirk eq>s lathfor dj jgh gS] mlds
eq[kkjfoUndk lkSjHk eq>s vkIykfor dj jgk gS] mldh
ml ve`r fuL;Unh opu&ijEijkdh ofekdks Jo.k dj
jgk gwA mlds fcEcQy ln`'k euksgj vkjdk ekqj
lqkkjldk eSa vkLoknu dj jgk gwA mlesa lekfkLFk esjs
eudh fo"k;klf cuh gqbZ gS] fQj Hkh eq>esa fojg
O;kfkdh ;kruk vfkdkfkd:iesa D;ksa c<+rh tk jgh gS\
i|kuqokn
os Li'kZtfur lq[k dksey] py n`f"V{ksi jl Hkhus
og onu dey ekq lkSjHk] os opu lqkk ekqyhusA
os ekqj vkj fcEck le] rUe; djrs ;ksa eudks
tSls lekfkesa ;ksxh]
foLe`r dj nsrs rudksA
layXu ;ku lf[k! rq>esa ij fojg O;Fkk ;g esjh
Hkwyh gS ys'k u eq>dks] ?ksjs gSa cuh vgsjh
ckycksfkuhHkkoukdh izcyrkls Jhjkkkds lkFk foykldh
LQwk gksusij vUr%dj.kesa cgrh gqbZ fojg&O;kfkdh
izfrdwyrkdk o.kZu djrs gq, Jh".k dgrs gSaJhjkkkesa
esjk eu lekfkLFk gks x;k gS] rFkkfi fojg D;ksa eq>s lrk
jgk gS] D;ksafd fojg rks ogk gksrk gS tgk [ksn ,oa fo;ksx
gksrk gS] tcfd esjk eu rks Jhjkkkesa layXu gSA
eu% la;ksxds vHkkoesa fojg ekuk tk ldrk gS]
ijUrq eu rks ;gk la;q gS] fQj Hkh fojg blfy, gS fd
bfU; la;ksxdk vHkko gSA vr%ij ;g Hkh dgk x;k gS
fd fo"k;ksads u jgus ij Hkh eu&gh&eu bfU;lq[kdk
vuqHko gksusls mls la;ksx dgk tk ldrk gS] ijUrq fojg
cuk gqvk gksrk gSA
147
;FkkFkZ D;k gS\ feyuesa tks vuqHko gksrk Fkk] ogh

vuqHko fojgesa Hkh gks jgk gSA Ropkls Jhjkkkds Li'kZtfur
iwokZuqHkwr lq[kdks gh vuqHko dj jgk gw] p{kqls mlds
izsekus=ksadh rjy izhfr jlkkjdks ns[k jgk gw] ukfldkls
Jhjkfkdkds eq[kdeyds iwokZuqHkwr lkSxUkdk vk?kzk.k dj
jgk gwA lekfkesa izR;{kek.kk Jhjkkkdh ok.khdh ve`r&kfo.kh
ofekdk Jo.kkLoknu dj jgk gw] rFkSo fcEcQy ln`'k
v#f.ke lqde
q kj vkjkkjdh ekqj lqkkjl ekkqjhesa voxkgu
dj jgk gwA blizdkj ikpksa izdkjds fo"k;ksadk lEcUk esjs
lkFk cuk gqvk gSA rFkkfi u tkus D;ksa fojgtfur lekfk
c<+rh tk jgh gS\
izLrqr 'yksdesa 'kknwZy fohfM+r NUn gS] leqPp;kykj
rFkk foizyEHk k`kj gS
fr;Zd~&d.B&foyksy&ekSfy&rjykskalL; oa'kksPpjn~
xhfr&LFkku&rkokku yyuk&y{kS uZ layf{krk%A
lEeqXka ekqlwnuL; ekqjs jkkkeq[ksUnkS lqkk&
lkjs dUnfyrkf'pja nnrq o% {ksea dVk{kksEeZ;%
vUo;vkquk vkf'k"kk lx leki;frfr;Zd~&
d.B&foyksy&ekSfy&rjykskalL; (fr;Zd~ bZ"kn~o% d.B%
;L; l% foyksy% ppy% ekSfy% eLrda r=R; pwM+k ok
;L; rFkkHkwr% rFkk rjykS ppykS mkalkS dq.kZdq.MykS
;L; l%_ fo'ks"k.k&lekl% rkn`'kL;) ekqlwnuL; ekqjs
(euksgjs) jkkkeq[ksUnkS (jkkk;k% eq[ke~ bUnqfjo rfLeu~)
e`nLq iUne~ (bZ"kppya ;FkkL;kr~ rFkk) dUnfyrk% (iYyfork%]
vU;xksikukonuksM+qx.keigkjk r=So mYyflrk% (oa'kksPpjn~&
xhfr&LFkku&rkokku&yyuky{kS% (oa'kkr~ os.kqr% mPpjr~
;k xhfr% rL;k% LFkkus"kq ins"kq re~ vokkua ;S% rkn`'kS%
148
JhxhrxksfoUne~
yyukuka xksilqUnjh.kka y{kS%) u layf{krk% (vfoKkrk

bR;FkZ%) dVk{kksEeZ;% (dVk{kk.kke~ EeZ;% rjk% vikn'kZu&
Js.khR;FkZ%) o% (;q"ekda) fpja {ksea nkrqA vr,o
eqXkekqlwnuks jlfo'ks"kkLokn&prqjLrrks eqXkks ekqlwnuks ;=
bR;;a lxZLr`rh;%
bfr JhxhrxksfoUn egkdkO;s eqXk&ekqlwnuks uke
r`rh;% lxZ%A
vuqoknf=Hk Hkkols viuh xzhokdks cfe djusds
dkj.k ftudk f'kjksHkw"k.k (eqdqV) ,oa dq.My nksyk;eku
gks jgs gSa] y{k&y{k xksi&jef.k;k os.kq&ofuds lqnhIr
mPpkj.k LFkkuij ;ku yxk;h gqbZ muds e;esa fLFkr
Jhjkkkds euksgj rFkk ve`re; eq[kkjfoUndks Lusgkfr'k;rkds
dkj.k fLFkjn`f"Vls ns[krs gq, Jh".kdh dVk{kikr jkf'kdh
me;k vki lcdk ey fokku djsa
ckycksfkuhr`rh; lxZds vfUre 'yksdesa dfous
Jhjkkkds opuksadks izekf.kr fd;k gSA xksikukvksads
e;esa vofLFkr Jh".kdks Jhjkkk&n'kZuls HkkokuqHkwfr gqbZ
gS] mlhdks ;gk izLrqr fd;k tk jgk gSA dfous ikBdksa
,oa Jksrkvksadks vk'khokZn iznku fd;k gS fd eqXk&ekqlwnu
vkidk dY;k.k fokku djsaA
ekqlwnutks Jhjkkkds eq[kdeydh bZ"kr~ ppyrk
,oa laeqXkrkdk n'kZudj vfr'k; mYyflr gq, gSa] lEiw.kZ
brj dkeukvksadk ifjR;kx dj Jhjkkkesa ,dfu"B gq,
gSamuds dVk{kikrdh me;k Lusgkfr'k;rkds dkj.k Jhjkkkds
lqyfyr ,oa ekqe; eq[kpUij fLFkj gks x;h gSaA
laeqXkinls Jhjkkkds eq[kdh euksK vfr'k;rk
crk;h x;h gSA êkqj* inls Jhjkkkds eq[kdks ve`rls Hkh
ekqj crk;k x;k gSA eksgdrk ,oa ekkq;Zds dkj.k
Jhjkkkds eq[kdks Jh".k cM+s pkols ns[krs gSaA ^lqkklkj*
149
ls Hkh Jhjkkkds eq[kdk ih;w"kRo vfHkO; gks jgk gSA

Jh".kdks vkkfnr djusds dkj.k Jhjkkkesa fokqRodk
vkjksi fd;k x;k gSA
fLFkj n`f"Vls Jh".k Jhjkkkds eq[kdks ns[k jgs Fks]
ijUrq Jh".kdh bl f;kdks ogk vofLFkr xksfi;k ns[k
u ldhaA xksfi;ksals vko`r Jh".k cklqjhds nhIrLFkkuls
Lojkyki dj jgs Fks] lHkhdk ;ku mu lqjksaesa gh yxk
gqvk FkkA lHkh Jo.ktfur vkuUnesa eXu FkhaA oa'khofuls
lHkhds fpkdks vkd"kr djusds lkFk Jh".kus viuh
oa'khdh rkuls Jhjkkkdks Hkh eksfgr dj fy;k] ftldk
vuqHko fdlh xksihdks Hkh u gks ldkblls Jh".kdk
pkrq;Z izdkf'kr gksrk gSA
Jh".kdh eq[keqkdk o.kZu djrs gq, dfo dgrs
gSa^fr;Zd~&d.B&foyksy&ekSyh&rjykskaL;* vFkkZr~ Jh".kdh
xzhokdks frjNs fd;s gq, cfe eqkds dkj.k muds eqdqV
rFkk d.kkZHkj.k ppy gks jgs FksA êkSfy* inls eqdqV
vkSj f'kj nksuksa okP; gSa] rFkkfi f'kjdk fgyuk os.kqoknddk
nks"k gS vkSj u fgyuk n{krkA Jh".kesa vqr uSiq.; Fkk]
vr% f'kj ugha fgy jgk FkkA eqdqV vkSj d.kkZHkw"k.k gh
vkUnksfyr gks jgs FksA
izLrqr 'yksdesa 'kknwZy fohfM+r NUn rFkk :idkykj
gSA
bl izdkj xhr xksfoUn egkdkO;esa eqXk&ekqlwnu
uked r`rh; lxZdh ckycksfkuh O;k[;k iw.kZ gqbZA
yyy
150
JhxhrxksfoUne~
^^vkSj l[khdh O;Fkk&dFkk lc khjs&khjs cksyhA**
prqFkZ% lxZ%fLuXkekqlwnu%
151
prqFkZ% lxZ%
fLuXk&ekqlnw u%
;equk&rhj&okuhj&fudqts eUnekfLFkre~A
izkg&izse&Hkjksn~HkzkUra ekkoa jkfkdk&l[kh
vUo;vFk jkfkdkfojgksRd.Ba Jh".ka jkfkdkl[kh
(jkfkdk;k% dkfpr~ lgpjh) izseHkjksn~HkzkUra (izsE.kka Hkjs.k
mn~HkzkUre~ mUeka) vr,o rnUos"k.ka fogk; ;equkrhj&okuhj&
fudqts (;equkrhjs ;r~ okuhjfudqta osrlyrk&dqta
rfLeu~) eUna (fo"k..ka fu#|ea ok ;FkkL;kr~ rFkk) vkfLFkre~
(mifo"Va) ekkoa izkg (mokp)
vuqokn;equkdss rVij fLFkr osrlhds fudqtesa
Jhjkkkizseesa foeqXk gksdj fo"k..k (fo"kkn) fpkls cSBs gq,
Jh".kls Jhjkkkdh fiz; l[kh dgus yxhA
i|kuqokn
;equkrhjs
osrldqts]
cSBs
gSa
;nqoa'kh
jkkkds fpUruesa
viuh
Hkwys ydqVh&oa'khA
blh le; lEeq[k gks dksbZ Nk;k&lh vk Mksyh
vkSj l[khdh O;Fkk&dFkk lc khjs&khjs cksyh
ckycksfkuhvc nksuksadh i`Fkd~ dkekoLFkkdk fu:i.k
djds mu nksuksadk la;kstu djkusdh bPNkls nwrh;ksxdk
fu:i.k djrs gSaA Jhjkfkdkdh l[khus ekkols dgkA
iwoZjkxesa Jhjkkkus viuh l[khls Jh".k&feyudh
okluk vfHkO; dh FkhA rc og l[kh Jhjkkkdks
vk'oklu nsdj Jh".kds ikl x;h rks ns[kk] mudk fpk
Jhjkkk&fo"k;d izsekfkD;ds dkj.k mn~HkzkUr vFkkZr~
152
JhxhrxksfoUne~
mUek&mf}Xu gks jgk FkkA vUos"k.k djus ij Hkh tc

mudh Jhjkkk ugha feyha rks os ;equk iqfyu ij fo|eku
osrlh fudqtesa fu#Rlkfgr vkSj mnkl gksdj cSB x;sA
xhre~
d.kkZVjkxSdrkyhrkykH;ka xh;rsA
vuqokn;g vkBok izcUk d.kkZVjkx rFkk ,drkyh
rkyls xk;k tkrk gSA tc f'kf[kd.Buhyd.B egknso ,d
gkFkesa ik.k vkSj nwljs gkFkesa ,d fo'kky xtnUr kkj.kdj
nkfgus dUkseas j[kdj pyrs gS]a lqj&pkj.k vkfn mudh Lrqfr
djrs gS]a ,sls le;esa d.kkZV jkx izLrqr gksrk gSA
fuUnfr
pUnufeUnq&fdj.keuqfoUnfr [ksnekhje~A
O;ky&fuy;&feyusu xjyfeo dy;fr ey;&lehje~
lk fojgs ro nhukA
ekko euflt&fof'k[k&Hk;kfno Hkkou;k Rof; yhuk
kzqoine~
vUo;gs ekko] ro fojgs nhuk (dkrjk) lk
(jkkk) eufltfof'k[kHk;kfno (eufltL; dkeL; fof'k[ksH;%
ck.ksH;% Hk;kfno) Hkkou;k (m}sxsu) Rof; yhuk (;kusu
y;izkIrk) bo vkLrs bfr 'ks"k%] dke:is Rof; izlUus
r;a u dfj";rhR;fHkizk;%_ lk vkquk pUnue~ bUnqfdj.ka
(pUe;q[ka) fuUnfr] LoHkko'khryks ;Ueka ngr% rUeeSo
nqSZofefr vuq (i'pkr~) vkhja ;Fkk rFkk [ksna (rkia)
foUnfr (yHkrs)_ rFkk ey;&lehja O;ky fuy;feyusu
(O;kykuka likZ.kka fuy;% pUnur#% rL; feyusu) xjyfeo
dy;fr (lEHkko;fr) liZHkqksfT>rks ok;q% fo"kfefyrRokr~
fo"kor~ mRizs{krs
153
vuqokngs ekko! og Jhjkkk vkids fojgesa dkrj

gksdj enu&ck.kds o"kZ.kds Hk;ls Hkhr gksdj ml
eUn&lUrkidh 'kkfUrds fy, ;ku&;ksxds }kjk vkiesa
fueXu gksdj vkids 'kj.kkxr gqbZ gSaA vkils foP;qr
gksdj og pUnudks fofufUnr djrh gSa] pU&fdj.kksadks
ns[kdj mudh nsg nXk gksus yxrh gS] ey;&lehj.k Hkh
mlds vksaesa lUrki c<+k jgk gSA fo"kkj liksls ifjosf"Vr
pUnu o`{kksals izokfgr QqRdkj&fefJr gksusds dkj.k
ey;&lehjdks Hkh xjy leku eku jgh gSaA
i|kuqokn
og fojg fonXkk nhuk
ekko] euflt fof'k[k Hk;kdqy rqeesa gS rYyhukA
og fojg fonXkk nhuk
pUnu vkSj pU&fdj.kksals gksrh vfkd vkhj]
vfgx.k xjy leku foewPNr djuk ey; lehjA
og fojg fonXkk nhuk
ekko] euflt fof'k[k Hk;kdqy rqeesa gS rYyhukA
ckycksfkuhl[kh Jh".kds lfkdV mudh fojgosnuk
lqukrh gSA og dgrh gS fd Jhjkkk vR;Ur nq%f[kr gSaA
dkeck.kds =klls vkidk ;ku djrh gqbZ vki gh esa
lekfkLFk gks x;h gSaA ck.kds Hk;ls tSls izk.kh j{kkFkZ
nwljsdh 'kj.kesa pyk tkrk gS] mlh izdkj og vkids
'kj.kkik gqbZ gSa_ D;ksafd vki dkeLo:i gSa] vkids izlk
gksusij fdlhdk Hk; ugha jgrk gSA gs ekko! vkids
fojgesa Jhjkkkdh ,slh fLFkfr gks xbZ gS fd vius 'kjhjesa
yxs gq, pUnudh fuUnk djrh gSa] D;ksafd ;g pUnu muds
fy, vkkndkjh ugha vfirq iznkg :i gSA pU&fdj.kksadks
ns[kdj Hkh mudk n; izTofyr gksus yxrk gS_ D;ksafd
pfUdk Hkh mudh dkekfXudks mhfir dj jgh gSA pUnu
154
JhxhrxksfoUne~
o`{kds lEidZls ey;&ioudks Hkh og xjyor~ vuqHko

djrh gSaA ey;kpyds pUnuo`{kksals fyiVs gq, fo"kSys
liksdh QqRdkjksals ok;q nwf"kr gks x;h gSA
êuflt&fof'k[k&Hk;kfno* esa mRizs{kk vykjdk lkS"Bo
gS] lkFk gh bl 'yksdesa :id vkSj fojkskkykjksadh Hkh
lal`f"V gSA
vfojy&fuifrr&enu&'kjkfno Hkonouk; fo'kkye~A

Lon;&eekZf.k oeZ djksfr lty&ufyuh&ny&tye~
lk fojgs ro nhuk---
vUo;fdp vfrfLuXkk;ka rL;ka dFkfeo Roesoa
fu"Bqjks& lhR;kgvfojy&fuifrr&enu&'kjkfno (vfojya
fujUrja fuifrra) (irua] Hkkoks) ;L; rkn`'kL; enuL;
;% 'kj% rLekfno) Hkonouk; (Hkor% n;LFkL;sfr Hkko%
vouk; j{k.kk;) rL;k n;s Hkoku~ fr"Bfr] n;p
dkeks fo;fr] n;oskukorksfi osk% L;kfnR;k'k
Hko{k.kkFkZeo
s fs r Hkko% Lon;&eEeZf.k (futn;:is eEeZLFkkus)
fo'kkya (i`Fkqya) lty&ufyuh&ny&tkya (ltyufyuhnykuka
tkya lewgeso) oEeZ (dopa) djksfr
vuqoknn; ij vuojr fxjrs gq, dkeck.kksals
vius n;ds Hkhrj fojkteku vkidh j{kk djusds fy,
Jhjkkk fo'kky lty dey&i=&lewgdks vius n;ds
eeZLFkydk dop cuk jgh gSaA
i|kuqokn
enu 'kjksals vius
fiz;dh
j{kkesa csgkyA
mj ij fcNk jgh gS jg jg lty defyuh&tky
og fojg fonXkk nhukA
ekko] euflt fof'k[k Hk;kdqy rqeesa gS rYyhuk
155
ckycksfkuhJh".kdk fujUrj ;ku djusls Jhjkkk

,dkRedrkdks izkIr gks x;haA ;gh lwfpr djrh gqbZ l[kh
dgrh gSgs ekko! vki Jhjkkkds n;esa fujUrj
fo|eku gSaA dkenso vius ck.kksadks vt :ils NksM+ jgk
gSA vkidks dgha d"V u gks tk;s] blfy, vius n;ds
eeZLFkydks tyd.kksads lkFk cM+s&cM+s deyny&lewgls
vko`r dj jgh gSaA og vkidh j{kkds fy, lkjs mik;ksadks
dj jgh gSaA mRiz{s kk djrs gq, dgrh gSa fd ufyuny&tkydks
mlus n;esa blfy, vkPNkfnr fd;k gS fd mlds n;ls
vki dgha fudy u tk;saA
dkensodk rw.khj (rjd'k) v{k; gS,dds ckn
nwljk ck.k Qsadk tk jgk gSA gs ekko! rqEgkjs fojgesa og
fu#ik; gksdj mik; Hkh lksprh gS rks D;k lksprh gS\
dey&ny rks oSls gh mlds ck.k gSa vkSj og dop
dgkls gksxk\ mls viuk dop cukdj viuk d"V vkSj
c<+k jgh gSa
dqleq &fof'k[k&'kj&rYieuYi&foykl&dyk&deuh;e~A
ozrfeo ro ifjjEHk&lq[kk; djksfr dqleq &'k;uh;e~
lk fojgs ro nhuk---
vUo;vfi p vuYi&foykldyk&deuh;a (vuYikfHk%
cgqfHk% foykl&dykfHk% foyklHkkoS% deuh;a euksKa)
dqlqe&'k;uh;a (iq"i'k;ka) vfi ro fojgs dqlqefof'k[k&
'kjrYie~ (dqlqe&fof'k[kL; dkeL; 'kjrYia 'kj'k;kHkwra)
ro ifjjEHklq[kk; (xk<+kfyulq[k&ykHkk;) ozrfeo djksfr
lqnqyZHka ro ifjjEHk.klq[ke~] vrLrYikHkk; ozrp;kZfeo
djksrhR;FkZ%
156
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vuqokngs ekko! fofok foyklksl

a s je.kh; dqle
q &'k;k
Jhjkkkds }kjk jpk;h tk jgh gS] tks dkensods ck.kksadh
'k;kds leku izrhr gks jgh gSA vkids xk<+ vkfyudh
izkfIrdh vk'kkls og dBksj&'kj'k;kozrds vuq"Bkudk
ikyu dj jgh gSA
ckycksfkuhgs Jh".k! egku dsfy&dyk&foykl:i
iq"i&'k;kdh jpuk vkids fojgesa fonXk gksdj Jhjkkk
djrh rks gSa] ij og lst dke&'kjksadh lst ln`'k gh gSA
mRizs{kk djrs gq, l[kh dgrh gStSls dksbZ O;f fdlh
cM+s lq[kdh izkfIrds fy, dksbZ ozr djrk gS] mlh izdkj
Jhjkkk Hkh nq"izkI; vkids vkfyu&lq[kdh izkfIrds fy,
nq"dj 'kj'k;k&ozrdh lkkuk dj jgh gSA
ogfr p pfyr&foykspu&tyHkjekuu&deyeqnkje~A
fokqfeo fodV&fokqUrqn&nUr&nyu&xfyrke`rkkje~
lk fojgs ro nhuk---
vUo;fdp ofyr&foykspu&tykja (ofyrkfu
vfojra xfyrkfu foykspu;ks% us=;ks% tykfu kkj;rhfr
rFkkse~) mnkje~ (fodLoje~) vkuudeya (eq[kia)
fodV&fokqUrqn&nUr&nyu xfyrke`rkkja (fodVL; djkyL;
fokqUrqnL; jkgks% nUrnyusu poZ.ksu xfyrk ve`rkkjk
;Lekr~ ra) fokqe~ (pUe~) bo cgfr (jksfnrhfr Hkko%_
rs u p onueL;k% fu"ihfM+ r lq kklkja lq kkdjfeo
lEHkko;kfe)
vuqokntSls djky jkgqds n'kuls lanf'kr gksdj
lqkka'kqls ih;w"kkkjk for gksrh gS] oSls Jhjkkkds mR"V
eq[kdeyds ppy us=ksals vuojr u;u&okfj foxfyr
gks jgk gSA
157
i|kuqokn
'kksfHkr yksy foykspu ty <y vkuu dey mnkjA
jkgq nfyr fokqls cg mBrh T;ksa ve`rdh kkj
ckycksfkuhl[kh dg jgh gSgs ekko! vkids
fojgesa lUrIrk Jhjkkkds ppy rFkk foLr`r us=ksals
vklqvksadk rkj VwV gh ugha jgk gSA ,slk yxrk gS ekuks
Hk;j jkgqus vius nUrksals pUekdks dkV fy;k gks vkSj
ftuls vfojy ve`rdh kkjk izokfgr gks jgh gksA
Jhjkkkdk eq[k ekuks dey ugha] pUek gks vkSj vk[kksals
cgrs vJqfcUnq ve`r ljh[ks gSaA
izLrqr i|esa miek vykj gSA
fofy[kfr jgfl dqj&ensu HkoUrele'kj&Hkwre~A

iz.kefr edje;s fofukk; djs p 'kja uopwre~
lk fojgs ro nhuk---
vUo;iqu'p jgfl (,dkUrs) dqjensu (dLrw;kZ)
vle'kjHkwra (dkeLo:ia) HkoUra LofpkksUekndRokr~
fofy[kfr] vk% (rL; dke:iL; Hkor% vkLrkr~) edja
(dkeokgua) foU;L; fyf[krL; enuHkwrL; Hkor% djs
(gLrs) uopwra (pwrkqjLo:ia) 'kja fofukk; (fyf[kRok)
RonU;% dkeks ukLrhfr eRok iz.kefr p
vuqokngs Jh".k! Jhjkkk ,dkUresa dLrwjhls] rqEgsa
lk{kkr~ dUniZ eku vkezetjhdk ck.k kkj.k fd;s gq,
rqEgkjh eksfguh ewk fpf=r djrh gSa vkSj okgu LFkku ij
edj (?kfM+;ky) cukdj iz.kke djrh gSaA
i|kuqokn
e`xenls gfjfp= [khaprh] fQj y[k mlesa ^dke*
vkez&etjh 'kj kj djesa] djrh lyt iz.kkeA
158
JhxhrxksfoUne~
ftu pj.kksaesa jr ekko! og] ogh ckkls /khjA

ns[k foeq[k] ;g pU tykdj c<+k jgk gS ihj
ckycksfkuhtc Jhjkkk ,dkUresa cSBh gksrh gSa rks
dLrwjhds jlls vkidk fp= jprh gSadkensods :iesaA
D;ksafd vkids vfrfj fpk&mUekndkjh vkSj dkSu gks
ldrk gS vFkok vki gh mldh dkeukvksadks iw.kZ
djusokys gSaA blds i'pkr~ vkids gkFkesa dkedk lcls
'kf'kkyh ck.kvkezetjhdks vfr dj nsrh gSA
dkensorkds :iesa vkidks vfHkfyf[krdj okguds LFkkuij
edj cuk nsrh gSa] iqu'p dke&rkils eqf ikusds fy,
vkidks iz.kke djrh gaS] Lrou djrh gSaA
izLrqr i|esa miek vykj gSA
izfrinfenefi fuxnfr ekko ro pj.ks ifrrkge~A

Rof; foeq[ks ef; lifn lqkkfufkjfi ruqrs ruqjkge~
lk fojgs ro nhuk---
vUo;u dsoya iz.kefr] ijUrqizfrine~ (izfr{k.ke~)
bna fuxnfr pgs ekko (gs ekql[k) vga ro pj.ks
ifrrk (Rokeso 'kj.ka oztkehR;FkZ%)_ ;r% Rof; foeq[ks
lfr lqkkfufkjfi (ve`rfdj.kksfi pU%) ef; lifn
(rR{k.kknso) ruqnkga ruqrs ('kjhja HkLehdjksfr)
vuqokngs ekko! (ml ewkds :iesa rqEgsa vfr
dj ckj&ckj izkFkZuk djrh gSa)gs Jh".k! eSa vkids
pj.kksaesa iM+rh gw ns[kks] tSls gh rqe eq>ls foeq[k gks tkrs
gks] ;g ve`r&dy'kdks kkj.k djusokyk pUek Hkh esjs
'kjhj ij nkg&o`f"V djus yxrk gSA
159
ckycksfkuhl[kh dg jgh gSgs Jh".k! Jhjkkk

tgk&tgk Hkh tkrh gSa] ogha izR;sd ix&ix ij dgrh
gSaeSa vkids pj.kksaesa iM+h gw] vki eq>ls foeq[k u gks]
vki tc dHkh Hkh eq>ls vlUrq"V gksrs gSa] mlh le;
ve`r&fufk pUek Hkh esjs 'kjhjesa nkg gh iSnk djrk gSA
jletjhdkjus êkko* 'kCnls Jhjkkkdk rkRi;Z lsfrr
djrs gq, dgk gS fd ".k] êk* 'kCnls dgh tkusokyh
y{ehds ko vFkkZr~ ifr gSaA tc Jh".k Jhjkkkds
lfkdV jgrs gSa] rc liRuh y{eh Hkh Jhjkkkdk dqN Hkh
fcxkM+ ugha ikrh] ijk~eq[k gksusij rks y{ehdk HkkbZ
pUek Jhjkkkdks viuh cgudh lkSr le>dj vR;Ur
lUrIr djrk gSA
izLrqr 'yksdesa vfr'k;ksf vykj gSA pUek
vius LoHkkods fo# dk;Z dj jgk gS] vr,o ^fo#*
vykj Hkh gSA
;ku&y;su iqj%
ifjdYI; HkoUrerho nqjkie~A
foyifr glfr fo"khnfr jksfnfr ppfr eqpfr rkie~
lk fojgs ro nhuk---
vUo;iqu'p vfrO;xzr;k ;kuy;su HkoUra lk{kkfno
Rok foyifrgs ".k vrho nqjkia (nqyZHka) HkoUra
;kuy;su (lekfk;ksxsu) iqj% ifjdYI; (lEHkkO;) foyifr_
RoRizkIR;kuUnksPNfyrk lrh glfr_ iquLrokUrkZus fo"khnfr]
jksfnfr p_ iqu% LQqjUra HkoUreqf'; ppfr (brLrrks
kkofr)_ iqu'p izkIrfefr lEHkkO; vkfyukfnuk rkia
(eu%{kksHka) eqpfr (R;tfr p)
vuqoknJhjkkk rqEgkjs ;kuesa yhu gksdj rqEgsa izR;{k
:iesa dfYir djds foPNsn ;U=.kkls dHkh foyki djrh
gSa] dHkh g"kZ izdkf'kr djrh gSa rks dHkh jksrh gSa vkSj dHkh
LQwresa vkfyfrk gks lUrkidk ifjR;kx djrh gSaA
160
JhxhrxksfoUne~
i|kuqokn
;kueXu gks pkSad le>rh] lEeq[k gSa ;nqohj
dHkh foyirh] dHkh dyirh] gksdj vfkd vkhjA
ckycksfkuhl[kh dg jgh gSgs Jh".k! vUos"k.k
vkfnds }kjk Jhjkkkds fy, vki nq"izkI; gks x;s gSa]
;kuesa yhu gksdj ifjdYiuk djrh gSa fd rqe mlds
lehi gh gksA lEeq[k vuqHko gksusij fp= cukrh gS vkSj
fp=fyf[kr rqEgsa ns[kus ij vius fudV tkudj glus
yxrh gSa] euesa izlkrkdh fgyksjsa rjkf;r gksus yxrh gSa]
ysfdu vkids }kjk vkfyu u fd;s tkus ij mudk
mUekfnr vgkl Unuesa cny tkrk gS] rqEgkjh dfYir
izfrewkds frjksfgr gksusij iqu% vkfyfr djusdk mie
djrh gSaA lksprh gaS] ;fn Jh".k eq>s ns[ksaxs rks esjs
o'korhZ gks tk,x
s bl vkHkklls viuh NViVkgV] NuNukgV
vkSj lUrkidk ifjR;kx djrh gSaA
jfldfiz;kds vuqlkj foyifr u gksdj ^fofy[kfr*
gksuk pkfg,A blesa nhid vykj gSA ukf;dkdk fdyfdfpr~
Hkko gS
Jht;nso&Hkf.krfenefkda ;fn eulk uVuh;e~A

gfj&fojgkdqy&oYyo&;qofr&l[kh&opua iBuh;e~
lk fojgs ro nhuk---
vUo;;fn eulk uVuh;a ukZ f ;rO;a ] rg
Jht;nso&Hkf.kre~ (t;nsokse~) bna gfjfojgkdqy&oYyo&
;qofr&l[kh&opue~ (gjs% ".kL; fojgs.k vkdqyk;k%
oYyo;qoR;k% Jhjkkk;k% l[;k% opua nwrhokD;e~) vfkda
(;FkkL;kr~ rFkk) iBuh;e~
vuqoknJhjkkkdh fiz; l[kh}kjk dfFkr vkSj Jht;nso
}kjk fojfpr ;g v"Vinh ekul&efUnjesa vfHku; djus
161
;ksX; gS vkSj lkFk gh gfjds fojgesa O;kdqy Jhjkkkdh

l[khds opu ckj&ckj i<+us ;ksX; gSA
ckycksfkuhizLrqr 'yksdesa xhrxksfoUndkj egkdfo
Jht;nso dgrs gSa fd r#.kh Jhjkkk Jh".kds fojgesa
O;kdqy gSaA l[khus Jh".kds ikl Jhjkkkds iz.k;dk
fuosnu fd;k gSA l[kh }kjk ;g iz.k;&opukoyh euds
}kjk vfHku; dj.kh; gSA ukVesa vfHku; izkku gksrk gS]
vr% ûVuh;e~* dk vFkZ gqvk vfHkuhr fd;s tkus ;ksX;A
ûVuh;* dk vFkZ jluh; rFkk vkLoknuh; Hkh gSA
ukV'kkesa Hkjreqfuus dgk gSûV'kCnks jls eq[;%*A uV
'kCndk eq[;kFkZ ^jl* gSA ^Jht;nsoHkf.krfenefkde~*bl
okD;ka'kdk vfHkizk; ;g gS fd Jht;nso dfodh lEiw.kZ
mf;ksaesa Jhjkkkdh l[khdh mf gh lkj&loZLo gSA ;gh
oS".koksa }kjk Hktuh; ,oa vkLoknuh; gSA
vkoklks fofiuk;rs fiz;&l[kh&ekykfi tkyk;rs

rkiksfi 'oflrsu nko&ngu&Tokyk&dykik;rsA
lkfi Rof}jgs.k gUr gfj.kh&:ik;rs gk dFka
dUniksZ fi ;ek;rs fojp;'kknqy
Z &fohfM+re~
vUo;Roka fcuk u dq=kfi lk fuoZ`r yHkrs
bR;kggUr ([ksns) gs ".k Ron~fojgs.k (ro foPNsnsu)
lkfi (jkkkfi) gfj.kh&:ik;rs (vkRekua gfj.kh:ikfeo
vkpjrhR;FkZ%_ 'ys"kksDR;k ik.Mqo.kkZ tkrk bR;FkZ%)_ rFkkfg
rL;k% vkokl% (olfrLFkkua) fofiuk;rs (fofiufeo vkpjfr_
ouhHkw r a eU;rs bfrHkko%)_ rL;k% fiz ; l[khekykfi
(fiz;l[khlewgksfi) tkyk;rs (tkyfeo vkpjfr_ LFkkukUrja
xUrqa izfroukrhfr Hkko%)_ rki% (nsg&lUrki%) vfi
162
JhxhrxksfoUne~
'oflrsu ('oklkfuysu) nko&ngu&Tokykdykik;rs (nkonguL;

nkokXus% Tokyk&dyki bo vkpjfr_ ;Fkk okrsu vXu#Ydk
funZgfUr r}fnfr Hkko%)_ d cgquk gk] (vR;Ur&'kksd&
{kksHklwpdeO;;e~) dUniksZfi (enuksfi) 'kknwZy&fohfM+ra
('kknqZyL; fohfM+re~ vkpfjra) fojp;u~ (dqoZu~) dFka
lek;rs (;e bo vkpjfr_ egnsrnuqfpra ee izk.kgj.kps"Vuk&
fnR;fHkizk;%)_ izR;sdsukusu gfj.;kbo Jhjkkk;k% fiz;res
n`<+kuqjkx% Jh".kL; p fLuXkk;keLusgO;olk;kr~ dkfBU;a
izn're~
vuqokngs Jh".k! esjh l[kh Jhjkkk ,d fgjuhdh
Hkkfr vkpj.k djus yxh gS] vius vkokldks rks mlus
vj.; eku fy;k gS] l[khoÙn mls fdjkr&tky lk
Hkklrk gS] fut lUrIr fu%'oklksals vfHkor 'kjhjdk
lUrki nkokuy&f'k[kkdh Hkkfr izrhr gks jgk gSA gk;!
dUniZ Hkh 'kknwZy Lo:i gksdj hM+k djrk gqvk mlds
izk.kksadk guu djusdk mie djrs gq, ;e cu x;k gSA
i|kuqokn
x`g Hkh ou lk Hkkl jgk gS] (cth dkSu lh Hksjh\)
mls l[kh Hkh nh[k jgh gSa] ?ksjs cuh vgsjh
'oklksadk mkki tykrk gS] nkok dh vkxh
^dke* O;k?kzls Mjh&Mjh fQjrh gfj.kh&lh Hkkxh
ckycksfkuhl[khds }kjk Jhjkkkdh nSU;&fLFkfrdk fp=.k
gks jgk gSA Jhjkkk Jh".kds fo;ksxesa gfj.khds leku
vkpj.k dj jgh gSaA ik.Mqo.kkZ og Jhjkkk vius
fuokl&LFkkudks fofiu le> cSBh gSaA fiz;&lekxe u
gksusls fojg&fonXkk og bkj&mkj tkuk pkgrh gS] fdUrq
lkeus fcNk gqvk gS cgsfy;k:ih lf[k;ksadk tky] ftlls
163
og foo'k gks eu elksl dj jg tkrh gSaA mldh fiz;

lf[k;k gh mlds fy, O;kk&tkyds leku cUkudkjh gks
jgh gSaA tSls ouesa yxh vfXudks ns[kdj gfj.kh ?kcjkdj
ddrZO;foew<+ gks tkrh gS] mlh izdkj nsgds lUrkids
lkFk feydj nh?kZ fu%'okl nkokfXuds leku vFkok
mYdkikrds leku mUgsa rik jgk gSA vksg! ;s fu%'okl
nkokuydh Tokykds leku yxrs gSaA eq[kls dsoy gkgkdkj
djrh gSaA Jh".kdk lkfk; jgus ij tks dkenso
vuqdwy cuk jgrk gS] og rks 'kknqZy&hM+k dj jgk gS]
;ejkt tSlk yxrk gS] og Jhjkkkdks ekuks ekj Mkyuk
pkgrk gSA
'kknwZyfohfM+r dke gS] ck?kdh rjg >ik ekjrk
gqvk ml eklwe gfj.khdks vkSj bl 'yksddk NUn gS
'kknwZyfohfM+r vkSj ;g iwjk NUn gh tSls dkensodh
hM+k gksA
Jhjkkkthdks gfj.khdh miek nsusesa Hkh lkFkZdrk gSA
l[kh dguk pkgrh gS fd cqfeku O;f fdlh Lusgokuds
lkFk izse djrk gSA Jhjkkkus rks vkids lkFk Lusg fd;k
gS] Lusgds lkxjesa ljkcksj jgrh gSa vkSj vki dSls
Lusg&jfgr gSaA ,di{kh; izse rks dksbZ i'kqtkfr tho gh
dj ldrk gSA iqu'p gfj.kh rks oSls gh nsgls nqcZy ,oa
ddrZO;foew<+ gksrh gSA fujhg eklwe Jhjkkkdks Jh".kdk
Lusg lrk jgk gS vkSj ijls mlij dke viuk ijke
fn[kk jgk gSA ;g rks ogh fopkjh Jhjkkk gSa tks fu%Li`g
O;fls izse djrh gSaA
'kknwZyfohfM+r NUn gSA yqIrksRek ,oa fojkskkHkkl
vykj gSA
164
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vFk uoe% lUnHkZ%
xhre~
ns'kk[kjkxSdrkyhrkykH;ka xh;rsA
vuqokn;gk uosa izcUkdk izkjEHk gksrk gSA ;g xhr
ns'kjkx rFkk ,drkyh rkyls xk;k tkrk gSA
ckycksfkuhtc pUekdh fdj.ksa prqnd nhfIr'kkyh
gks jgh gksa vkSj uk;d eYy&ewkesa fo'kky Hkqtkvksads
}kjk foLQksVdk vkfo"dkj dj ykse g"kZdk izdk'k djrk
gks] ml le; ns'kk[k jkx xk;k tkrk gSA
Lru&fofufgrefi gkjeqnkje~]
lk euqrs 'k&ruqfjo Hkkje~
jkfkdk fojgs ro ds'ko kzqoe~
vUo;iquLrps"Vkeso fo'ks"kr;k vkggs ds'ko]
ro fojgs 'kruq% ({kh.kkh) lk jkfkdk Lrufofufgre~
(LruU;Lre~) mnkje~ (euksgje~) vfi gkja 'kjhjnkSoZY;kr~
Hkkjfeo euqrs (gkjoguL;kfi lkeF; rL;k ukLrhR;FkZ%)
vuqoknds'ko! vkids fojgdh vfr'k;rkds dkj.k
Jhjkkk ,slh 'kdk;k gks x;h gSa fd Lruij j[ks gq,
euksgj gkjdks Hkh HkkjLo:i le> jgh gSaA
i|kuqokn
gS fojgdh ihj HkkjhA
Nhtrh tkrh ^fcpkjh*
gkj mjdk Hkkj curkA
ckycksfkuhbl izcUkesa l[kh iqu% u;h 'kSyhls
Jhjkkkdh O;Fkkdk o.kZu djrh gSA Jh".kds fojgds
dkj.k Jhjkkkds v vR;fkd 'k gks x;s gSaA o{k%LFky
165
ij iguh gqbZ dey&iq"iksadh euksgj ekykdks Hkh viuh

'kkjhfjd nqcZyrkds dkj.k kkj.k djusdh lkeF;Z mlesa
ugha jghA
xhrxksfoUnds nhfidkdkjdk dguk gS fd ^de~* lq[kdk
uke gSA Jh".k de~ds fu;Urk gSa] blhfy, ds'ko dgs
tkrs gSaA nhfidkdkj vkxs dgrs gSa ^ds'k* 'kCndk vFkZ gS
lHkhdks lq[k iznku djukA ds'ko indk ô* 'kCn
;qofr;ksads thouLo:i ve`rdk okpd gSA Jh".k
;qofr;ksads thouLo:i gksusls ds'ko dgs tkrs gSaA fQj
ds'kols Lusg djusokyh Jhjkkk nq%[kh D;ksa\ og fojgesa
,slh fofp= ckrsa dgrh gSa tks dgh ugha tkrhalkjs
vkHkw"k.k Hkkjh gh ugha] vfirq 'kki cu x;s gSaekykdks
Qsad nsuk pkgrh gSaA
ljl&el`.kefi ey;t&ie~
i';fr fo"kfeo oiqf"k l'ke~
jkfkdk fojgs----
vUo;u dsoya gkj&ogukleFkkZ vfi rq ljla
(vk) el`.ke~ (lq?k`"Ve~) vfi ey;t&ia (pUnu&foysiua)
oiqf"k ('kjhjs) fo"kfeo (xjya ;Fkk) l'ka ;Fkk L;kr~
rFkk i';fr
vuqoknds'ko! fojgfo;qk og Jhjkkk vius 'kjhjesa
layXu ljl] dksey ,oa lqfp.k pUnu&iaddks l'kafdr
gksdj fo"kdh Hkkfr ns[k jgh gSaA
i|kuqokn
ey; fo"kdk lkj curk
ckycksfkuhey; pUnudk ysi vR;Ur fpduk
vkSj vfr'k; ljl gksrk gS] ijUrq og le>rh gSa fd
fo"kls mldk ysiu fd;k x;k gSA Jh".kdh fojgO;Fkkdh
166
JhxhrxksfoUne~
O;kdqyrkls lEizfr pUnu&foysiu Jhjkkkdks lq[knk;h u

gksdj nq%[kdkjh gks jgk gSA
'oflr&ioueuqie&ifj.kkge~A
enu&ngufeo ogfr lnkge~
jkfkdk fojgs----
vUo;vuqie&ifj.kkga (vuqie% vrqy% ifj.kkg%
nS?; ;L; ra lqnh?kZfeR;FkZ%) lnkga (nkglfgra) 'oflr&ioua
(fu'okl&ek#ra) enu&ngua (dkekfXue~) bo cgfr lUrIrk;k
fu%'oklksfi lUrIr bR;FkZ%
vuqoknenukuydh Tokykvksals lUrIr nh?kZ fu%'okl
muds 'kjhjdks nXk fd;s tk jgs gSa] fQj Hkh og mudk
ogu dj jgh gSA
i|kuqokn
'okldk vkkkj curkA
ngudk mipkj curk
ckycksfkuhfojg&foPNsnls vUr%dj.kesa lUrki vfr
vlguh; gks x;k gS] mipkj djusds fy, xje&xje
mlkl NksM+rh gSa rks yxrk gS lkjk 'kjhj kkd jgk gS]
enu gh bl vkxesa kkd jgk gSA
fnf'k fnf'k fdjfr lty&d.k&tkye~A

u;u&ufyufeo
fonfyrukye~
jkfkdk fojgs----
vUo;fonfyrukya (fNUuoÙra) ufyufeo fnf'k
fnf'k (izfrfn'ka) u;uufyua ltyd.ktkya (tyd.ktkyS%
lg okZekua ;FkkrFkk) fdjfr_ u;uknJqikr% ikr~ uhjP;wfrfjo
izfrHkkrhR;FkZ%
vuqokne`.kkyls fofPNUu gksdj lty deyor~
167
u;u&deydks pkjksa fn'kkvksaesa fof{kIr dj vJqd.kdh

o`f"V dj jgh gSA
i|kuqokn
vk[kesa
vklw meaxrs
dey&d.k ljesa rjaxrs
[kkstrh fnf'k fnf'k lgers
fiz;! dgk gks rqe fojers\
ckycksfkuhmldh vk[ksa ,slh yxrh gSa] tSls dey
gksa] ij ml deydk uky foxfyr gks x;k gSA vklqvksals
Hkjs us= tyd.kksals ;q uhydeyksads leku euksgj yxrs
gSaA vklqvksads rkjksals fn'kk, vkc gks tkrh gSa] ,d
tky&lk ru tkrk gS] vo# gks tkrh gSa fn'kk,A vkids
vkxeudh izrh{kkesa pkjksa vksj ns[krh jgrh gSa fd vki
fdlh fn'kkls vkrs gq, fn[kk;h iM+ tk,A uky xy tkus
ij tSls deydh fLFkfr ugha jgrh] oSls gh mudh vk[ksa
dgha ugha BgjrhaA dgha dksbZ vkkkj ugha] ftlij og
viuh n`f"V fVdk ldsaA
bl 'yksdesa miek rFkk mRizs{kk vykj gSA
R;tfr u ikf.k&rysu diksye~A

cky&'kf'kufeo lk;eyksye~
jkfkdk fojgs----
vUo;lk;a (lU;k;ka) (jkxjftrs vkdk'krys
layXufefr 'ks"k%) vyksya (vppya) cky'kf'kufeo
(r#.kpUfeo) ikf.krysu (djrysu lqyksfgrsusR;FkZ%) diksya
(fojgik.Mqja x.Mns'ka) diksyL; vZHkkxek=n'kZukr~
vkrkezRokr~ ik.MqRokPp ckypUs.k vL;ksiek u R;tfr
(kkj;rhfr Hkko%)
168
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vuqoknv#.ko.kZds dj&dey ij diksydks lU;k

le;esa vkdk'k&fLFkr pUdykdh 'kksHkkds leku kkj.k
fd;s ,dkUresa cSBh jgrh gSaA
i|kuqokn
gkFk ij guq kj ljlrh
cky fokq 'kksHkk cjlrhA
ckycksfkuhddrZO;foew<+ Jhjkkk tM+&lh gks x;h
gSaA mudh ,d gFksyh cjkcj muds xkyksa ij yxh jgrh
gS] fpUrkeXu gksusds dkj.k mls NksM+rh ughaA fnu fdlh
izdkj fudy tkrk gS] ij D;k gksxk tc jkr vk;sxh]
og rks esjs fy, ,d ;qxds leku gksxhA lk;adkyds
pUekds leku mudk eq[k {kh.kdkfUr fuLrst] 'kkUr rFkk
gkFkls vkkk <dk gqvk f}rh;kds pUekds leku yxrk
gSA
lU;k tSls cky pUekdks fVdk;s jgrh gS] mlh
izdkj gFksyhdk dop ekuks mls lqj{kk iznku dj jgk gSA
gkFkls <ds gq, vZn`';eku eq[kdh miek pUekls
nh x;h gSA
u;u&fo"k;efi fdly;&rYie~A
dy;fr fofgr&gqrk'kfo&dYie~
jkfkdk fojgs----
vUo;fd'ky;&rYiefi (iYyo&'k;kefi) u;u&
fo"k;a (us=xkspja) fofgr&gqrk'k&fodYia (fofgr% tfur%
gqrk'kL; vXus% fodYi% Hkzeks ;= rkn`'ka ;Fkk L;kr~ rFkk)
x.k;fr (eU;rs)
vuqokneuksje uohu iYyoksadh 'k;kdks lk{kkr~
:ils fo|eku ns[kdj Hkh mls foHkzeds dkj.k iznhIr
gqrk'ku (vkx) ds leku eku jgh gSaA
169
i|kuqokn
iYyoksadh lst y[krh
^vkx&lh* dgrhlqyxrhA
ckycksfkuhfojgesa Jhjkkk mf}Xuk gks x;h gSaA lkeus
u;s&u;s yky&yky fdly;ksals fuer 'k;kdks ns[krh gSa
rks mls yxrk gS tSls fprk jph x;h gS] ml fprkesa vkx
kkd jgh gSA izR;{kesa Jhjkkkdks Hkze gks jgk gS] D;ksafd
mudh vk[ksa vkiesa yxh gqbZ gSaA vfXuds leku rkez&o.kZ
okys uohu iYyoksals jfpr 'k;kesa vfXudk Hkze gks jgk
gS mlsA ln`'k oLrqesa gh ln`'k oLrqdk la'k; gksrk gSA
vfXu rkezo.kZdk rFkk lUrkidkjd gksrh gS] fdly; Hkh
rkezo.kZdk fojgf.k;ksads fy, lUrkidkjh gksrk gSA Jhjkkkdks
fdly;esa vkxdk Hkze gks jgk gSA
gfjfjfr gfjfjfr tifr ldkee~A

fojg&fofgr&ej.kso fudkee~
jkfkdk fojgs----
vUo;fojgfofgr&ej.kk (Rof}jgs.k fofgre~ vokkfjra
ej.ka ;L;k% lk) bo lrh fudkea (ej.ks ;k efr% lk
,o thoL; xfrfjfr eRok vuojra) ldkea (lkfHkyk"ka)
gfjfjfr gfjfjfr tifr
vuqoknfojgds dkj.k mudk izk.kR;kx fuf'pr&lk
gks x;k gS] Jhjkkk fujUrj ^Jhgfj] Jhgfj* bl ukedk
vkidh izkfIrdh dkeukls ti djrh jgrh gaSA
i|kuqokn
vgu'k gfj&uke tirh
e`R;q {k.k {k.k >yd VyrhA
ckycksfkuhJhjkkkdk fojgkuyesa nXk gksusds dkj.k
;g fuf'pr&lk gh gks x;k gS fd vc muds izk.k cpsaxs
170
JhxhrxksfoUne~
ughaA lalkjls fujk'k rFkk eqeq"kqZ tu tSls Jhgfjdk vgu'k

uke tirs gSa] mlh izdkj Jhjkkk Hkh vkidh izkfIrdh
vfHkyk"kkls loZnk Jhgfjdk uke tirh jgrh gSaA
iz.kr&Dys'k&uk'ku gksusls Jh".k gfj dgs tkrs gSaA
gfj&gfj ti djusls bl tUeesa u lgh] nwljs tUeesa os
vo'; gh fiz;reds :iesa izkIr gksaxsblh dkeukdks
ysdj ti dj jgh gaSA
Jht;nso&Hkf.krfefr xhre~A
lq[k;rq ds'ko&ineqiuhre~
jkfkdk fojgs----
vUo;bfr (mizdkjs.k) Jht;nso&Hkf.kra (Jht;nsoks)a
xhra ds'ko&ina (Jh".kine~) miuhra (izkIra_ rRin;ks%
leir&fpkfefr ;kor~) Hke~ lq[k;rq (lq[khdjksrq)
vuqoknJht;nso iz.khr ;g xhr Jh".kds pj.kksaesa
'kj.kkxr gq, oS".koksadk lq[k fokku djsA
i|kuqokn
xhresa ^dfo* Hkhaxrs gSa
gfj Lo;a vk jh>rs gSaA
gS fojgdh ihj Hkkjh
Nhtrh tkrh fcpkjh
ckycksfkuhJht;nsods }kjk uosa izcUkds :iesa
Jhgfjdk ;g xhr izLrqr gqvk gSA ;g xhr ^Hktuksadks
lq[k nsxk*] Jhjkkkdh bl fpk&Hkwfedk Lej.k lhks
ds'ko&pj.kksaesa igqpsxkA bl xhrdks dfous oS".koksads
lkfUu;esa xk;k gSA ;gk ^ds'ko* in oS".koksadk okpd gSA
^ds'ko% ina LFkkua ;L;klkS ra ds'koine~* vFkkZr~
Hkxoku~ ftuds }kjk izkI; gSa] os oS".ko gh ds'ko
in&okP; gSaA
171
bl lEiw.kZ xhresa ekykprq"inh uked NUn rFkk

miek vykj gSA
lk jksekpfr 'khRdjksfr foyiR;qRdEirs rkE;fr

;k;R;qn~Hkzefr izehyfr irR;q|kfr ewPNZR;fiA
,rkoR;ruq&Tojs ojruq&thZosUu d rs jlk&
RLooSZ|&izfre! izlhnfl ;fn R;ksU;Fkk gLrd%
vUo;iqujrho dSoY;a o.kZ;frgs LooSZ|izfre
(vf'ouh&dqekj&ln`'k&lqfpfdRld) ;fn Roa izlhnfl (izlUuks
Hkofl) rg ,rkofr (mRdVsfi bR;FkZ%) vruq&Tojs
(dkeTojs_ vU;= vuYis fgrs Tojs) lk ojruq% (ojo.kuh)
jkkk rs (ro) jlkr~ (vuqxzg&tfurkr~ vuqjkxkr~_ vU;=
jl&iz;ksxkr~ vkS"kkkr~) d u thosr~ vfi rq thosnso_
ojruqfjfr rRlek vU;k ukLrhfr rL;k j{k.ka ;qfefr
ofu%_ vU;Fkk (ukspr
s )~ gLrd% (gLrf;k_ ikpuk|kS"kkkUrj&
nku:ik) oS|S% R;% nkusfi vkS"kkL; fo"k;kizkIrsfjR;k'k;%_
dkeToji{ksfi 'khryk|qipkj% l[khfHkLR;s bR;FkZ% TojkoLFkka
n'kZ;frlk jksekpfr (jksekfprk Hkofr) 'khRdjksfr
('khRdkja djksfr) foyifr (jksfnfr) mRdEirs (mPpS%dEirs)
rkE;fr (XykfuekIuksfr) ;k;fr (dFka yH;rs bfr fpUr;fr)
mn~Hkzefr (mPpS% HkzkfUrekIuksfr) izehyfr (vf{k.kh lksp;fr)
irfr (HkwekS yqBfr) mn~;kfr (mRFkkrqfePNfr) ewPNZfr
(eksga izkIuksfr) vfi
vuqokngs vf'ouhdqekj ln`'k oS|jkt Jh".k!
ojkuk Jhjkkk fojg&fodkjesa foeksfgr gksdj dHkh
jksekfpr gksrh gSa] dHkh flldus yxrh gSa] dHkh pfdr
gks tkrh gaS] dHkh mPp Lojls foyki djrh gaS] dHkh
dfEir gksrh gaS] dHkh ,dkxzfpk gksdj rqEgkjk ;ku
172
JhxhrxksfoUne~
djrh gaS] hM+kLFkyksaesa Hkze.k djrh gSa] fo"ke foHkzeds

dkj.k foy gks us=ksadks fuehfyr dj ysrh gaS] dHkh
olqkk ij fxj iM+rh gaS] iqu% mBdj pyusdh rS;kjhesa
fQj ewPNr gks fxj tkrh gaS] mUgsa lfUuikr Toj gks x;k
gSA ;fn vki izlUu gksdj bl ?kksjrj enu&fodkjesa mls
vkS"kfk:i jlke`r iznku djsa] rks mUgsa izk.k&nku feysxkA
vU;Fkk vc rks mudh gkFkksadh ps"Vk, Hkh lekIr gks
tk;saxhej tk;saxh ogA
i|kuqokn
dHkh iqydrh] dHkh foyirh vkSj folqk gS gksrh
^lh lh* djds dHkh flgjrh dHkh fcglrh] jksrhA
fxjrh mBrh] pyrh] fQjrh] txrh&lh lks tkrh
rhoz Tojkdqy&lh yxrh gS] ihM+kesa [kks tkrh
ckycksfkuhJhjkkkdks egkTojdh ihM+k gSdkeToj
vc lfUuikr voLFkkesa igqp x;k gSA og Jhjkkk u
dsoy cko`fkls vkiesa vuqj gaS] vfirq lkfod
Hkkols Hkh og vkiesa gh th jgh gSaA lkfod Hkkols
iz[;kr og vusdksa ps"Vk, dj jgh gSa] ftuds uke gSa
LrEHk% LosnksFk jksekp% LojHkksFk osiFkq%A
oSo.;ZeJqizy;kfoR;"VkS lkfodk
erk%
jksekpfrbl inds }kjk Jhjkkkds jksekp ukeds
lkfod Hkkodk o.kZu fd;k gSA ^jksekp fo|rs ;L; l
jksekp%A jksekfpr bR;FkZ%A r}nkpjfr jksekpfrA* ftldks
jksekp gks x;k gS] mldks jksekfpr dgrs gSa vkSj
jksekfprds leku vkpj.k djusdh f;kdks ^jksekpfr*
dgk tkrk gSA
oSo.;Zvkidh fpUrk vkSj Le`fr cuh jgusls og
lhRdkj djrh gSaA
vJq ,oa osiFkqvkids (Jh".kds) xq.kksadk Lej.k
173
djds og jksus yxrh gS] Jh".kds fo;ksxtU; nq%[kdks

dSls lgu dj ikxh] ;g lkspdj dkius yxrh gSaA
LosnXykfu;q gksdj ilhus&ilhus gks tkrh gSaA
LrEHkfuR; fujUrj vkidk ;ku djrh gSaA vk[ksa
ewn ysrh gSa] ekuks lkjs bfU; O;kikj LFkfxr gks x;s gksaA
osiFkqdk f}rh; mnkgj.k ^mn~Hkzefr* hM+kfn LFkyksaesa
vkidks izkIr djusdh bPNkls Hkze.k djrh gSaA
LojHkîzehyfr* dk vFkZ gS vkids vkfyu
vkfndk ;ku djds viuh vk[kksadks cUn dj ysrh gSaA
og dqN cksy ugha ikrhaA
LrEHkdk f}rh; mnkgj.k îrfr* indk vfHkizk; ;g
gS fd og] pyrh gqb vR;Ur {kh.k rFkk nqcZy 'kjhjds
dkj.k fxj iM+rh gSaA
izy;^m|fr* inds }kjk cryk;k gS fd og fxjdj
iqu% mB [kM+h gksrh gSa vkSj êwPNZfr* inds }kjk izy;
uked lkfod Hkkodks l[kh fun"V djrh gSA
bl izdkj Jhjkkkdh fiz; l[khus Jh".kls dgk gS]
vf'ouhdqekjdh Hkkfr LooS|
Z lqfpfdRld ;fn vki Jhjkkk
ij izlUu gks tk, rks D;k ;g mudh dUniZ&fodkj tfur
chekjh nwj ugha gksxh\ ;|fi cq[kkjdh bl voLFkkesa jlk;u
fuf"k gSa rFkkfi muds 'kjhjesa ufyuh (dey) nydk
LFkkiu] rkyds ia[kk vkfnls ohtudqN Hkh ml fojg&O;kfkdks
mi'kfer ugha djrk gS] vfirq e'k% or gksrk tkrk
gSA og bruh nqcy
Z gks x;h gSa fd cl gkFkksadks gh fgyk
ikrh gSa;fn og ;g tku ys fd vki mUgsa ugha feysaxs
rks mudk ej.k lqfuf'pr gh gSA
vkiesa gh nkfpkokyh mls vki n'kZu nsdj thfor
ugha djrs gSa] rks fQj vkidks vkfJrksads ifjR;kxdk iki
Hkh yxsxkA
174
JhxhrxksfoUne~
izLrqr 'yksdesa 'kknwZyfohfM+r uked NUn gSA nhid

vykj gSA foizyEHk k`kj&jl gSA uk;d vuqdwy
vFkok nkf{k.k gSA ukf;dk mRdf.Brk gSA l[kh dgrh gS
tks ukf;dkdh lgkf;dk gSA
Lejkrqjka nSor&oS|&|! Ronlke`rek=lk;e~A

fuo`kckkka dq#"ks u jkkkeqisU! otzknfi nk#.kksfl
vUo;gs nSoroS||] (nsooS|knfi n;e! oS|kH;kl&
R;fuiq.k bfr ok) Ronlke`rek=lk;ka (ro vl
,o ve`ra rUek=s.k lk;ka izfrdk;k) Lejkrqjka (dkekkk)
jkkka ;fn foeq&okkka (jksxeqka) u dq#"os (rg) gs
misU] Roa otzknfi nk#.k% (dBksj%) vfl (Hkofl) ;}k
Roe~ misUotzknfi bUotzkr~ mi vfkde~ misUotza rnfi
psosr~ rLeknfi] nk#.k% vflA vl&ek=&lk;&
dekZdj.ksu dkfBU;eso rs i;ZoflrfeR;FkZ%
vuqoknnsooS| vf'ouhdqekjls Hkh lqfuiq.k lqfpfdRld
Jh".k! gs misU! vurkils ihfM+rk Jhjkkk ,dek=
vkids v&la;ksx :i vkS"kkke`rls gh thou kkj.k dj
ldrh gSaA ml nq%lk; jksxokyh dkekrqj Jhjkkkdks bl
eqeq"kqZ n'kkesa ;fn vki ckkk&jfgr ugha cukrs gSa rks
fu'p; gh vki otzls Hkh dBksj le>s tk;saxsA
i|kuqokn
oS|! jlkS"kfk ns mldks vc fQjls psru dj nks
bfr&Hkkf"kf.kdh ftkesa fQjls ok.kh Hkj nks
Li`'kke`rls ^Lej*&ckkkdks gs gfj! lRoj gj yksA
dki jgh gw
dgha u mjdks] fuBqj otz lk dj yks
ckycksfkuhl[khus Jh".kdks nks fo'ks"k.kksals foHkwf"kr
fd;k
() nSoroS||Jh".kdh vfHkjkerk ,oa euksjerk
LoxZyksdds oS| vf'ouhdqekjksals Hkh c<+dj gSA
175
() misUnq%[kh nsorkvksadk dY;k.k djusds fy,

Jh".kus ekrk vfnfrds xHkZls okeu Hkxoku~ds :iesa Hkh
vorkj fy;k FkkA bUds NksVs HkkbZ gksusds dkj.k os misU
dgyk;sA bl fo'ks"k.kls Jh".kdk vkfJrturklaj{k.kSdozfrRo
dk fun'kZu gqvk gSA
Jhjkkk dke&O;kfkls vkrqj cuh gqbZ gSaA
muds bl vlk; jksxdh ,dek= vkS"kfk vkidk
la;ksx gSA vkids vksadk Li'kZ muds fy, ve`ror~ gSA
dksbZ iz;kl Hkh rks ugha djuk gS vkidksA ;fn vki vius
v&lls mudks lathfor ugha djrs rks vki fu'p;
gh otzls Hkh vfkd dBksj ekus tk;saxsA bl 'yksddk
misUotzk o`k gSA
dUniZ&Toj&lTojkrqj&
ruksjk'p;ZeL;kf'pja
psr'pUnupUe%&defyuh&fpUrklq
lUrkE;fr
fdUrq DykfUro'ksu 'khryruqa Rokesdeso fiz;a
;k;Urha jgfl fLFkrk dFkefi {kh.kka {k.ka izkf.kfr
vUo;dUniZTojlaTojkrqjruks% (dUniZTojs.k ;% laToj%
lUrki% rsu vkrqjk dkrjk ruq;ZL; rL;k%) vL;k%
(jkkk;k%) psr% (fpka) pUnu&pUe%&defyuh&fpUrklq
(pUnuL; pUle% defyU;k% ifU;k'p Li'kZukfndUrq
nwjs vkLrka rs"kka fpUrklq) fpja lUrkE;fr (Xykfue`PNfr)
rg dFka lk thorhR;kgfdUrq vlkS {kkfUrjlsu
(Ronkxeu&izrh{kk {kkfUr%] r= ;ks jlksuqjkx% rsu ('khryrja_
pUnukn;% 'khryk% Roa 'khryrj%_ ;r% rnh;nks"ksfi
{kek'khy%_ {kekorka nsgs m".krk u tk;rs bfr Hkko%)
,de~ (vf}rh;e~_ ,rsu vuU;xfrRoa lwfpra) fiz;a Roka
jgfl (,dkUrs) fLFkrk ;k;Urh lrh {kh.kkfi (furjka
'kkfi) dFka (dFkefi) {k.ka izkf.kfr (thofr) rk}LrqLej.ks
rkE;fr Hkokusrq thorhfr vk'p;Zesrr~
176
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vuqokngs ekko! dSls vk'p;Zdh ckr gS fd

enu&Tojds izcy lUrkils lekdqyk {kh.kkh Jhjkkk
pUnu] pUek vkSj ufyuh vkfn 'khrksipkjds lkkudk
fopkj djrs gh lUrIr gksus yxrh gSaA vgks] DykfUrds
dkj.k og nqcZyk 'khry ruq vkidk gh ,dkUresa ;ku
djrh gqbZ fdlh izdkj dqN {k.kksads fy, th jgh gSA
i|kuqokn
pUnu] pUn] dey'khry o mls tykrs jgrsA
fdUrq rqEgkjs 'khry rudk fpUru djrs djrs
foxr&rki og gks tkrh gS vkSj fogl gS tkrhA
tknwxj! gS D;k jgL; ;g] eSa u le> gw ikrh\
ckycksfkuhgs ekko! bl lfUuikrdh voLFkkdks
izkIr gqbZ og vkids ledh vkdka{kkls gh th jgh gSa]
Tojdks nwj djusokys lkjs mik; O;FkZ gks x;s gSaA u
pUnudk ysi dke djrk gS] u pUekdh 'khry pknuh
vkSj u gh defyuh ghA fLFkfr rks ,slh pje lhek ij
igqp x;h gS fd bu lkkuksadks lksprs gq, og vkSj
vfkd tyus yxrh gSaA Toj dHkh&dHkh p<+rs&p<+rs
bruk Fkdk nsrk gS fd 'kjhj ,dne Losnds izHkkods
dkj.k 'khry gks tkrk gSA og fojfguh vius v'kkUr
euesa dsoy rqEgkjk gh ;ku djrh gSa vkSj fojgesa {kh.k
gksdj og dkrj fotkrh; ;U=.kkesa Hkh ml ;kuds
{k.kdks mRlo ekudj izk.k izkIr djrh gSaA
;fn vki lkspsa fd og bl le; dSls th jgh gS]
dSls lkl ys jgh gaS] rks mkj ;gh gS fd vki gh mlds
,dek= fiz;re gSa] vkidk 'khry oiq mls Li'kZ djusds
fy, izkIr gks tk;A bl izkIR;k'kkesa dqN {k.kksa rd th
jgh gSaA ;fn vki vfoyEc ugha feys rks gks ldrk gS
og iqu% thfor u feysaA
177
izLrqr 'yksdesa fojkskkykj gS] vqr jl gS rFkk

'kknwZyfohfM+r NUn gSA
{k.kefi fojg% iqjk u lsgs

u;u&fuehyu&f[kUu;k ;;k rsA
'oflfr
dFkelkS jlky'kk[kka
fpjfojgs.k foyksD; iqf"irkxzke~
vUo;gs ".k u;u&fuehyu&f[kUu;k (^^gk dFka
u;us fues"kks fefyr% ;su {k.ka dkUrn'kZua fogU;rs bfr**
u;u;ks% fuehyusfi f[kUu;k) ;;k iqjk rs (ro) {k.kefi
fojgks u lsgs] vlkS iqf"irkxzka (ltkr&dqlqekxzka) jlky'kk[kka
foyksD; fpj&fojgs.k dFka 'oflfr (izkf.kfr)_ fues"kfojgklgu&
'khyk;k% fpjfojg&lguerhok'p;Ze~
vuqokntks ,d {k.kds fy, Hkh vkids n'kZuesa
vUrjky Mkyus okys fues"k&fuehyudks lg ugha ikrh Fkha]
ogh Jhjkkk rqEgkjs bl nk#.k fojgesa lqyfyr lqiqf"ir
vkezo`{k (ftlds ijdh 'kk[kkvksaesa uohu iq"i etjh
layXu gSa) ds le{k gh bl nh?kZdkfyd fojgesa voyksdu
djrs gq, dSls thou vfrokfgr dj jgh gSa;g eSa ugha
le> ik jgh\
i|kuqokn
tks jkkk iy Hkj Hkh igys] fojg u Fkh lg ldrh]
^îydsa D;ksa cjcl yxrh gSa**fofkdks dkslk djrhA
ogh vkt iqf"ir ekqrqesa] fuj[k r#.k vkeksadks]
D;k tkus dSls j[k ikrh gS] ikih izk.kksadks\
ckycksfkuhgs ".k! blls iwoZ Jhjkkkus {k.kHkjds
fy, Hkh vkidk fo;ksx ugha lgk gSA og rks lnk&loZnk
vkids ikl jgrh FkhaA tc muds us=ksads iyd fxjrs Fks
178
JhxhrxksfoUne~
rks ml le; Hkh mudks cM+k d"V gksrk Fkklksprh Fkh

czkus ;g iyd fxjusdh izf;k D;ksa cuk;h gSA vkids
eq[kkoyksduesa tjk&lh ckkk iM+us ij Hkh ftudks vikj
nq%[k gksrk Fkk] og vc fpjdkyls bl fojgdks jlkydh
iqf"irkxzk 'kk[kkvksadks ns[kdj Hkh dSls lg ik jgh gSa\
dSls mldh lklsa pyrh gSa\ gj Mkyds fljs ij ckSjs vk
x;s gSa] etfj;k fudy vk;h gSaA jlky vFkkZr~ jldk
lewg mldh Mkfy;k iqf"irkxzk gks x;h gSaA ;g olUr
rqdh csyk gSA olUr dkyesa rks fojfg;ksadks oSls gh
e`R;qds rqY; d"V gksrk gSA vr,o gs Jh".k! Jhjkkkls
vfoyEc feysaA
Jhjkkk ;g Hkh vius euesa lkspdj th jgh gSa fd
iqf"irkxzk jlky 'kk[kkdks ns[kdj ftl izdkjls eSa dkekrZ
gw] mlh izdkjls Jh".k Hkh esjs fy, dkekrZ gksaxsA vr%
os vo'; gh eq>ls feyus vk;saxsA
izLrqr 'yksdesa iqf"irkxzk NUn gSA
o`f"V&O;kdqyxksdqykou&jlknqn~k`R; xksokZua
foHkzn~cYyo&oYyfHkjfkdkuUnkfPpja pqfEcr%
nis.Z kso rnkirkkj&rVh&flUnwj&eqkfrks
ckgqxksZiruksLruksrq Hkorka Js;kafl dalf}"k%
bfr xhrxksfoUns uoe lUnHkZ% bfr JhxhrxksfoUns egkdkO;s
fLuXk&ekqlwnuks uke prqFkZ% lxZ%A
vUo;bnkuhekf'k"kk lx leki;fr egkdfo%xksiruks%
(xksiky&:iL;) dalf}"k% (".kL;) o`f"VO;kdqyxksdqykou&
jlkr~ (o`f"VfHk% O;kdqya ;r~ xksdqya rL; voua j{k.ka
rL; jl% vuqjkx% rLekr~) xksoZue~ (rUukekua fxfje~)
m`R; (mkksY;) foHkzr~ (nkku%) vfkdkuUnkr~ (oSnX;&
lkSUn;kZfndeq}h{; g"kkZfr'k;susR;FkZ%) oYyo&oYyHkkfHk%
(xksilqUnjhfHk%) fpja pqfEcr% (nkpqEcu%) rFkk nisZ.k
179
(vgkjs.kSo bUL; foftxh"k;k) rnirkkjrVhflUnqj&eqkfr%

(rkfHkxksZikukfHk%) virk nkk ;k vkjrV% vkjizns'kk%
rklka flUnwj&eq;k flUnwj&fpsu vfr% ;q%) ckgq%
Js;kafl (eykfu) ruksrq (foLrkj;rq) vr,o JhjkkkoSdY;&
Jo.ksu fLuXk'ps"Vkjfgrks ekqlnw uks ;= l&bR;;a lxZ'prqFkZ%
vuqoknftUgksaus okfj&o"kZ.kls O;kdqy xksdqyokfl;ksadh
j{kkds fy, bUls izfrLikZ djrs gq, fxfj xksokZudks
ij mBkdj kkj.k fd;k Fkk] tks xksi ;qofr;ksads }kjk
nh?kZdky i;ZUr vfr'k; :ils pqfEcr gq, Fks] ftu ij
xksickqvksads vkj&fLFkr dqqe rFkk yykV fLFkr flUnwj
vfr gqvk Fkk] os dal fooaldkjh] xksiruqkkjh Jh".kdh
Hkqtk, lcdk ey fokku djsaA
ckycksfkuhêykUrkfu p 'kkkf.k izFkUrs* vFkkZr~
ftl 'kkL=ds vkfn] e; rFkk vUresa ey gksrk gS] ml
'kkL=dk izpqj izpkj gksrk gSA bl fu;eds vuqlkj dfo
t;nsous xzUFkds prqFkZ lxZdh lekfIr ij vk'khokZnkRed
eykpj.k izLrqr fd;k gS fd Jh".kdh os Hkqtk,
ikBdksa ,oa Jksrkvksadk ey fokku djsaA mu Hkqtkvksadh
fo'ks"krk, gSa
o`f"V&O;kdqy&xksdqyk oujlknqn~k`R; xksokZua foHkzr~A vFkkZr~
q gksdj tc bUus xksdqyoudks fou"V djus gsrq
iq"dj ,oa vkorZd es?kksals Hk;j o"kkZ djuk izkjEHk
fd;k Fkk] ml le; leLr xksie.Myh O;kdqy gks x;h
FkhA ;g ns[kdj xksdy
q dh j{kkds fy, Jh".kus xksokZukfdks
m[kkM+dj vius gkFkij mBk fy;k FkkA rc k`kj&mhid
ohj jldk izdk'k mudh Hkqtkvksaesa gqvk FkkA
tc Jh".k xksokZu ioZr kkj.k fd;s gq, Fks] rc
xksfi;k vfr'k; vkuUneXu gksdj Jh".kdh Hkqtkvksadk
pqEcu djus yxh FkhaA
180
JhxhrxksfoUne~
Jh".kds oSnX;] ekkq;Z ,oa lkSUn;Z vkfndk voyksdu

djds pqEcu djusokyh bu xksfi;ksadk yykV&fLFkr flUnwj
vkSj yky&yky vksaBksadh ykfyek Hkh mu Hkqtkvksaesa
fpfr gks xbZ FkhA
bl izdkj vius bl lkSHkkX;enls vfr Jh".kdh
Hkqtk, lcdk dY;k.k djsaA
fLuXk ekqlwnubl izdkj Jhjkkkdh fodyrkdk
Jo.kdj Jh".k fLuXkps"Vk'kwU; gks x;sA
JhxhrxkfoUn egkdkO;esa fLuXk&ekqlwnu uked prqFkZ
lxZdh ckycksfkuh O;k[;k lekIrA
yyy
ipe lxZ%
vkdk~{k&iq.Mjhdk{k%
vgfeg fuolkfe ;kfg jkkk&
euqu; e}pusu pku;sFkk%A
bfr ekq&fjiq.kk l[kh fu;qk
Lo;fenesR; iqutZxkn jkkke~
vUo;vFk rnkkJo.k&O;kdqyksfi LokijkkfpUr;k
fujfr'k;&Hkhr% rRdksif'kfFkyhdj.kk; Jhgfj% l[kheso
izsf"krokfuR;kgvge~ bg (vfLeu~ futZu izns'ks) fuolkfe
(fr"Bkfe)_ Roa ;kfg (xPN)_ ee opusu jkkke~ vuqu;
(lkURo;) ;fn Ro;k rUekuksiusrqa 'kD;rs rg bg
vku;sFkk'p lglk ee xeusu ekuksfrxk<+ks HkosfnR;fHkizk;%
bfr (bRFka) ekqfjiq.kk (".ks.k) fu;qk l[kh Lo;e~ ,R;
(vkxR;) iqu% jkkka txkn
vuqoknjkkk&l[khdh ckr lqudj Jh".k cksyseSa
;gha jgrk gw] rqe Jhjkkkds ikl tkvks vkSj esjs opuksads
}kjk mudks vuqu;&fou;ds lkFk eukdj ;gk ys vkvksA
bl izdkj ekqfjiq ".kds }kjk fu;q gksdj og l[kh
Lo;a Jhjkkkds ikl vkdj bl izdkjls dgus yxhA
i|kuqokn
eSa cSBk gw ;gha vkSj lf[k!
jkkkls tk dguk
dc rd fuBqj! vkSj mRihM+u
eq>dks gS ;g lguk\
ckycksfkuhprqFkZ&lxZds izcUkksaesa Jhjkkkdh fo"ke
fojg&osnukdk o.kZu gqvk gSA l[khls Jhjkkkdh fo"ke
182
JhxhrxksfoUne~
^^ro fojgs ouekyh] iy iy vkdqy vkyhA**
ipe% lxZ%vkdk~{k&iq.Mjhdk{k%
183
vkk lqudj viuh vkijkfkd Hkkoukls cM+s yfTtr

vkSj Hk;Hkhr gq, rFkk viuh fuR;&izs;lh Jhjkkkls
feyusds fy, vR;Ur mRdf.Br gq,] fdUrq Lo;a ogk
ugha x;s] l[khls viuk nq%[k O;dj vuqu;&fou;
vkfnds }kjk Jhjkkkds dksidks nwj djusds fy, mls HkstkA
l[khls dgk fd rqe esjh vksjls Jhjkkkthls izkFkZuk djuk
vkSj mls tSls&rSls izlUu djds ;gk ys vkukA tc rd
os ugha vkrh gSa] rc rd eSa ;gha izrh{kk d:xkblh
;equk rVij jgrk gwA bl vkns'kdks izkIrdj l[kh
Jhjkkkls dgus yxh
".kds euesa viuh fuR; izs;lh Jhjkkkthls feyusdh
vkdka{kk mRiUu gqbZ gS] vr% bl lxZdks ldka{k&iq.Mjhdk{k
dgk x;k gSA
iq.Mjhdk{k;g in Jh".kds euksKre us=ksadh vksj
Hkh ikBdksadk ;ku vk"V djrk gSA ^rL; ;Fkk
iq.Mjhdesoesokf{k.kh*mifu"knksaesa Jh".kds us=ksadks yky
deyds leku ekuk gSA
izLrqr 'yksdesa iqf"irkxzk o`k gSA
vFk n'ke% lUnHkZ%
xhre~
ns'khojkMhjkxs.k :idrkysu xh;rsizcUk%
vuqokn;g izcUk ns'khojkM+h jkxls rFkk :id
rkyls xk;k tkrk gSA
ckycksfkuhlqds'kh ukf;dk tc gkFkksaesa d.k] dkuksaesa
nsoiq"i yxk;s gq, gkFkesa poj fy;s ohtu djrh gqbZ fut
nf;rds lkFk fouksnu djrh gS] rc ns'khojkM+h jkx izLrqr
gksrk gSA
184
JhxhrxksfoUne~
ogfr ey;&lehjs enueqifukk;]

LQqVfr dqlqefudjs fojfg&n;&nyuk;
lf[k! lhnfr ro fojgs ouekyhkzqoe~
vUo;lf[k] ro fojgs ouekyh Ror~&dj&dfYir&
ouekykoyEcusu thorhfr ouekfy&'kCnksiU;kl% enue~
mifukk; (mi lehis&laLFkkI;) ey;&lehjs cgfr lfr]
rFkk dqle
q fudjs dqle
q &lewg)s fojfg&n;&nyuk; (fojfg.kka
eeZihM+uk;) LQqVfr (fodlfr) lfr lhnfr (volkna
xPNfr_ lUrI;rs bR;FkZ%)
vuqoknlf[k! jkks! jkks! ns[kks] enu&jlesa fl
djus gsrq ey;kfuy izokfgr gks jgk gS] fojgh tuksads
n;dks fonh.kZ djus okyk fofok dqlqelewg izLQqfVr gks
jgk gSA ,sls ml olUr le;esa Jh".k ldke gksdj
rqEgkjs fojgls nq%[kh gks jgs gSaA
i|kuqokn
foo'k cukrh enu&ygfj;k] feydj ey; lehjs
pyny&lk py tkrk th tc] glrh dfy;k khjs
ro fojgs ouekyh!
iy iy vkdqy vkyhA
ckycksfkuhl[kh Jhjkkkls dg jgh gSgs lf[k! ;g
olUrdh csyk gS] blesa fojghtuksadks eked ihM+k igqpkus
okyk ey; lehj.k cg jgk gS] dkeds mhiuds :iesa
n;fonkjd dqlqe&leqnk; fodflr gks jgk gSA rqEgkjs
fojgesa ".k vfr'k; fo"k..k gSa] rqe pyks vkSj muls
fey yksA
ouekyhrqEgkjs gkFkdh cuh gqbZ ouekyk kkj.k dj
fdlh izdkjls thou kkj.k dj jgs gSaA blh vfHkizk;ls
Jh".kdks ouekyh dgk x;k gSA
185
ngfr
f'kf'kje;w[ks
ej.keuqdjksfrA
irfr enu&fof'k[ks foyifr fodyrjksfr
lf[k! lhnfr ro fojgs---
vUo;f'kf'kje;w[ks ('khrj'ekS pUs) ngfr (nguor~
fdj.ka forjfr lfr) ej.ke~ vuqdjksfr (e`rofk'ps"Vks
Hkofr_ ewPNZrhfr Hkko%) rFkk enufof'k[ks (dkeck.ks)
irfr lfr vfrfodyrj% lu~ foyifr dqlqeirus
fn fo;Rdkeck.kHkzekr~ vkks'krhR;FkZ%
vuqoknos pU&fdj.kksals lanXk gksdj eqeq"kqZ izk;%
gks jgs gSaA o`{kksals enu&'kjds ln`'k iq"iksads fxjusls mudk
n; fo gks x;k gSA ,slh fLFkfresa os vfr fody gksdj
foyki dj jgs gSaA
i|kuqokn
izk.k tykus vkrh gSa uHkls pUnkdh fdjusaA
enu&'kjksals O;kdqy gksdj yxrs mBus&fxjus
ro fojgs ouekyh
iy&iy vkdqy vkyh!
ckycksfkuhrqEgkjs fojgls lUrIr ouekyhdks pUek
'khry ugha djrk] vfirq mUgsa iznkgdk vuqHko gksrk gSA
bl pUls Tokyk fudy jgh gS] tks mUgsa tyk;s tk jgh
gS] ekuks e`R;q gh lk{kkr~ mifLFkr gqbZ gSA e`rizk; O;f
tSlh ps"Vk djrk gS] mlh izdkj os Hkh ps"Vk djrs gSaA
o`{kksads iks rFkk Qwyksads fxjusls mudks ,slk yxrk gS fd
ekuks dkenso muds n; ij ck.k ekj jgk gksA os
dqlqe&'k;k ij ,sls iM+ tkrs gSa] ekuks ck.kksadh 'k;k gks
vkSj vfkd fody gksdj fcy[kus yxrs gSaA
oufr
ekqi&lewgs
Jo.kefinkkfrA
eufl dfyr&fojgs fuf'k fuf'k #teqi;kfr
186
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vUo;ekqilewgs (Hkzejp;s) oufr (xqtfr lfr)

Jo.ke~ (d.kZe~) vfinkkfr (vkPNkn;fr_ mhiuRosu
vlRokfnfr Hkko%)_ rFkk fuf'k fuf'k (izfrjk=a) ofyrfojgs
(vR;q f &fojgs ) eufl #te~ (ihM+ k e~ ) mi;kfr
(vfkdekIuksfr)A fu'kk;k% rRizkfIrdkyRokr~ RonizkIR;k
vfyofuJo.kkr~ ihM+keuqHkorhR;FkZ%
vuqoknekqdjksadh xqtkjdks lqudj os vius dkuksadks
gkFkksals <d ysrs gSaA izR;sd jkf=esa rqedks ikosaxs lksprs gSa]
fdUrq ikrs ugha_ vr,o fnu&izfrfnu fojg&O;Fkkesa fotkrh;
;U=.kkdks lgu djrs gq, vfkdkfkd #Xu gksrs tk jgs
gSAa
i|kuqokn
ekqiksadh ^xquxqu* ls ewn s gSa dkuksadks jgrsA
jkr jkr Hkj lqfkihM+kesa gSa vk[kksals cgrs
ro fojgs ouekyh!
iy&iy vkdqy vkyh
ckycksfkuh;|fi pgqf nf'k HkkSja ksd
a h >kSj&dh&>kSj xquxquk
jgh gS] ijUrq vfy;ksadk xqtu Jh".kdks izlUu ugha dj
jgk] vfirq d.kZdVq gks jgk gSA vr,o gkFkksals vius
dkuksadks cUn dj nsrs gSaA izR;sd jkf=esa ,slk ekurs gSa fd
vki muds ikl gSa] ijUrq vkidks u ikusls mudh
fojg&osnuk vkSj c<+ x;h gSA n; fojgls ljkcksj gks x;k
gS] blfy, os djoVsa cnyrs jgrs gSa] NViVkrs jgrs gSaA
izLrqr i|esa l[khds }kjk foizyEHkds mhiu foHkkoksadk
o.kZu gqvk gSA
olfr fofiu&forkus R;tfr yfyr&kkeA

yqBfr kjf.k&'k;us cgq foyifr ro uke
187
vUo;fofiuforkus (ouxgus) olfr_ yfyrkke

(#fpjefi x`ga) R;tfr fojgoSdY;kr~ ,d= fLFkR;Hkkokn~
forku& 'kCnksiknkue~_ kjf.k'k;us (Hkw'k;k;ka) yqBfr_
ro uke cgq (ckja ckja) foyifr (tifr_ ro ukeks;knU;r~
rL;eq[kkr~ u fu%ljrhR;FkZ%)
vuqoknos vius euksgj 'k;u&efUnjdk ifjR;kx
djds vj.;esa fuokl djrs gSa vkSj Hkwfe&'k;k ij
yqf.Br gksrs gq, ckj&ckj jkks! jkks! rqEgkjs gh ukedk
mPpkj.k djrs gSaA
i|kuqokn
dfyr kke ifjR;kx cls gSa] ouesa ri&lk lkks
nnhZls kjrh ij ysVs
jVrs jkks! jkks!
ro fojgs ouekyh]
iy iy vkdqy vkyhA
ckycksfkuhl[kh dg jgh gSjkks! rqEgkjs fo;ksxesa
Jh".kus vius euksgj kkeesa jguk NksM+ fn;k gSA mUgsa
tyksads forkuesa jguk gh vPNk yxus yxk gSA 'k;k
ij u lksdj os rqEgkjs fojgdh ihM+kls Hkwfe ij gh lksrs
gq, yksV&yksV dj fu'kk&dkydks O;rhr djrs gSa] cl
rqEgkjk gh uke djrs gSajkks] gk jkks!
Hk.kfr dfo&t;nso bfr fojg&foyflrsuA

eufl jHkl&foHkos gfj#n;rq lqrsu
vUo;dfo t;nsos bfr (,oa) Hk.kfr (xnfr lfr)
fojgfoyflrsu (foPNsnfoyklsu gsrquk) lqrsu (iq.;su
gfj% jHklfoHkos (jHklL; izseksRlkgL; foHkoks ;= rfLeu~)
xk;rka k` . orkp Hkkuka eufl (fpks ) mn;rq
gfjfojgfoyflrsu gsruq k ;nqRika lqra rsu xk;rka k`.orkp
eufl gfj#fnrks Hkorq bfr Hkko%
188
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vuqoknJht;nso dfo }kjk o.kr Jh".kdh

fojg&O;Fkkls iw.kZ bl xkuls tks lqfr lfpr gksrh gS]
ml lqfrds QyLo:i ftu ikBdksadk eu fojgds
foyklesa fujfr'k; :ils fueXu gks x;k gS] muds n;esa
Jh".k lE;d~ :ils mfnr gksaA
i|kuqokn
dfo t;nso yhu gSa vfr'k; gfjds fojg&foyklsA
Hkkrk gS ;g jl ftldks vfr mlesa Kku izdk'ks
ckycksfkuhdfo t;nso dg jgs gSa fd muds bl
^x#Minauke* ds n'ke izcUkds ikBdksa ,oa Jksrkvksadks
cgqr&lh lqfr izkIr gksxh] mu lqfr;ksadk eu Jhgfjds
fojgfoykl tU; mRlkgls lEiUu gksxkA jlksRdf.Br mu
n;ksaesa JhHkxoku~dk vkfoHkkZo gksA
bl izcUkdks dsnkj jkxesa xk;k tkrk gSA
Jhjkkkus tSls gh fut izk.kdksfV fueZNuh;&pj.k
izk.kukFk Jh".kds fojg&foykidk Jo.k fd;k] oSls gh
ewPNr gksdj fxj iM+h] rc l[khus cksyuk cUn dj fn;k]
vkxs dqN dg gh u ldhA blhfy, ;g xhfr ek= ikp
inksaesa gh o.kr gSA
iwo ;= lea Ro;k jfrirsjklkfnrk% fl&

LrfLeUuso fudqt&eUeFk&egkrhFksZ iquekZko%A
;k;aLRokefu'ka tiUufi roSokyki&eU=koyha
Hkw;LRoRdqpdqEHk&fuHkZjijhjEHkke`ra okNfr
bfr n'ke% lUnHkZ%A
vUo;iwo ;= Ro;k lea (lg) jfrirs% (enuL;)
fl;% (Ro;k lg vk'ys"kkfndk%) vklkfnrk% (izkIrk%)
ekkosufs r 'ks"k% rfLekso fudqt&eUeFk&egkrhFksZ (fudqt:is
eUeFk&dsfyflf{ks=s) Roeso rL;S"Vnsorsfr RoRlk{kkRdkj&
189
ykHkk; ekko% iqu% Roke~ izkIrwdke ,o vfu'ka (fujUrja)

;k;u~ rFkk eU=tiLrjs.k b"Vnsork ukfpjkr~ izR;{kHkwrk
Hkorhfr roSo vkykieU=koyha (vkyki:ika eU=lewge~)
tiu~ Hkw;% (izpqja ;Fkk rFkk) RoRdqpdqEHk fuHkZjijhjEHkke`ra
(ro dqpdqEHk;ks% fuHkZjkfyu:iee`ra) okNfr
vuqoknjkks! ekkous igys fudqt :ih egkrhFkZesa
rqEgkjs vkfyu vkfn euksjFkksadh flfds fy, eUeFkdh
flf;k izkIr dh FkhaA mlh egkrhFkZesa dkensodh flf;ksads
fy, lnSo rqEgkjk ;ku djrs gSaA rqEgkjs lkFk fd;s x;s
okrkZykioyh&eU=dks tirs gq, rqEgkjs dqpdqEHkksads
xk<kfyu:ih ve`reks{kdh iqu%&iqu% vfHkyk"kk dj jgs
gSAa
ckycksfkuhvr%ij l[kh Jhjkkkdh ewPNkZdk fuokj.k
djusds fy, ".k&pfj=dk iqu% flpu djrh gqbZ
Jhjkkkdk vfHklkfjdk ukf;dkds :iesa o.kZu djus yxhA
og Jhjkkkdks ;g dgdj izlUu djuk pkgrh gS fd
ekkodk eu mlesa gh vofLFkr gSA jkks! ekkous ftl
fudqt :ih eUeFk&egkrhFkZesa rqEgkjs lkFk jgdj pqEcu]
vkfyu vkfn dkedh egkflf;ksadks izkIr fd;k Fkk] os
fQj vkt mlh ifjjEHk&ve`rdh vfHkyk"kk dj jgs gSaA
rqEgkjs dqpdqEHkdk xk<kfyu gh ve`r gS] ml egkrhFkZdk
tyve`r gSA os mlh dkensods egkrhFkZesa jgdj rqEgkjs
Lo:idk ;ku djrs gq, rqEgkjs lkFk gq, okrkZykiksadk
eU=koyhds :iesa vgu'k ti dj jgs gSaA nsorkds lkeus
,dkUr ;ku&tids }kjk gh flf izkIr gksrh gSA vr%
".k fudqt:ih dkerhFkZesa jfrifr vFkkZr~ vkids
lEeq[k vkidks gh miyf{kr djds vkidh izlUurk :ih
dkeflfdks izkIr djuk pkgrs gSaA bUgha fudqtksaesa gh
mUgsa dkedh flf izkIr gqbZ FkhA dkedh flfds fy,
190
JhxhrxksfoUne~
rqEgkjk okrkZyki eU= cu x;kA rqe gh ml fudqtdh

nsork gksA eU=tids }kjk rqEgkjs dqEHkds leku mUur
mjkstksadk xk<+kfyu :ih ve`rdks os izkIr djuk pkgrs
gSAa
izLrqr 'yksdesa 'kknwZyfohfM+r NUn gS] dkO;fy
vykj gSA
,dkn'k lUnHkZ%
xhre~
xqtZjhjkxs.k ,drkyhrkysu xh;rs
vuqokn;g X;kjgok izcUk xqtZjh jkx rFkk ,drkyh
rkyls x;k tkrk gSA
jfr&lq[k&lkjs xrefHklkjs
enu&euksgjos"ke~A
u dq# furfEcfu! xeu&foyEcueuqlj ra n;s'ke~
khj lehjs ;equk rhjs olfr ous ouekyhA
xksihihui;kskjenZuppydj;qx'kkyhkzqvUo;vfHklkjk; izkFkZ;rsvfHklkfjdk&y{k.ka ;Fkk
^^vfHklkj;rs dkUra ;k eUeFko'kaonkA Lo;a okfHkljR;s"kk
khjS#kfHklkfjdk** bfr lkfgR;niZ.ksA gs furfEcfu
(fufoM+furEcofr) jfrlq[k lkjs (jrkS ;r~ lq[ka rL; lkj%
;= rkn`'ks) vfHklkjs (lsrLFkkus) xra (izkIrefHkl`rfeR;FkZ%)
enu&euksgj&os'ka (enusu izsEuk euksgjks os'kks ;L; rkn`'ka)
ra n;s'ke~ (izk.koYyHke~) vuqljA xeufoyEcua u dq#
(xq#furEcr;k lgtxeu&oSyEC;'k;sn;qe~)_ Rof}jg&
f[kkL; vuqlj.ks foyEcks u ;q%_ ouekyh (Jh".k%)
khjlehjs (khjlehjk[;s ;}k khj% eUn% lehj% lehj.kks
;= rkn`'ks_ vusu lq[knRoa fufoM+Rokr~ futZuRopkse~)
;equkrhjs ous olfr
191
vuqoknlqeUn ey; ek#r lsfor ;equk rhjorhZ

fudqtouesa cSBdj ouekykkkjh (Jh".k) xksfi;ksads
i;kskje.Mydks fuihfM+r djusesa ppy'kkyh dj&;qxyls
lq'kksfHkr gks izrh{kk dj jgs gSaA iz'kLr furEcksaokyh
Jhjkks! jfrlq[kds lkjHkwr lsrLFkkuesa enuds leku
euksgjos'kdks kkj.k fd;s gq, n;oYyHk Jh".kds ikl
vfHklj.k djks] vc foyEc er djksA
i|kuqokn
^^jfr&lq[k&lkjs xr vfHklkjs] enu euksgj os'ke~A**
u dj furfEcfu! xeu foyEcu] vuqlj fut n;s'ke~
khj lehjs ;equk&rhjs] jkt jgs ouekyhA
xksih&ihu&i;kskj&enZu&ppydj&;qx'kkyh
ckycksfkuhvc l[kh Jh".kds ikl vfHklj.k
djkusds fy, Jhjkkkdks izksRlkfgr djrh gqbZ dgrh gSgs
furfEcfu! vFkkZr~ iz'kLr furEcksaokyh Jhjkks! pyusesa
rqe vc nsj er djks] dkydk vfre.k er djks]
Jks.khHkkjls rqe oSls gh khjs&khjs eUn&eUn pyrh gksA
muds ihNs&ihNs rqe ml lsrLFkkuesa Rofjr igqpksA bl
lsr&LFkyesa jfrtU; lq[kdh izkkurk gSA ogha rqEgkjs
n;s'k] ouekyh Jh".k enu euksgj os'k kkj.k fd;s
gq, vfHklkjxkeh gks jgs gSa] mRlqdrkiwoZd rqEgkjh ckV
tksg jgs gSaA
lsrLFkydk Li"V fun'kZu gqvk gSA ;equkds rV ij
osrlhdk ou gSA gok eUn&eUn pyrs gq, dqN&dqN
fFkj&lh gks x;h gSA ;g eUn lehj.k jfrdkyesa vfr
lq[knk;h gksrk gS] dkuu rks vfr fufoM+&futZu gS ghA
Jh".kdk os'k enu&lsokds vuqdwy gS] vfHklkjxkeh gks
jgs gSaA pknuh jkresa le;kuq:i os"kHkw"kk kkj.kdj vfHklj.k
djuk vfHklkj dgk tkrk gSA ml dqt&izns'kesa ouekyhds
ikl igqpusesa vc fdfpr~ Hkh foyEc er djksA
192
JhxhrxksfoUne~
uke&lesra
r&lsra
okn;rs
e`nqos.kqe~A
cgq euqrsruq rs ruq&lriou&pfyrefi js.kqe~
khj lehjs ;equk rhjs---
vUo;uke&lesra (ukEuk lesra ;FkkL;knsoa) rlsra
(ra lsr% bfra ;Fkk L;kr~ rFkk_ vgfeg fr"Bkfe
RoeI;=kxPNfr uke&lesr&rlsrkFkZ% bfr lokZlqUnjh)
e`nq (dkseya ;Fkk Hkosnsoa) os.kqa okn;rs_ fdp rs (ro)
ruqlr&iou&pfyrefi (ruq&lrsu xk=Li`"Vsu iousu
pfyefi) js.kqa (jt%) uuq (fu'p;s) cgq euqrs (vfkda
eU;rs ) kU;ks ;a js . kq % ;rLrL;k% 'kjhjLi` " V&ok;ks %
Li'kZlq[keUoHkwr~] eesn`'ka HkkX;a ukLrhfr cgqekukFkZ%
vuqokngs jkks! rqEgkjs ukedk lsr djrs gq, os
dksey os.kq ctk jgs gSaA rqEgkjs 'kjhjdks lai` djds
ok;qds lkFk vk;s gq, cgqr vfkd kwfy&d.kksads Li'kZls
Lo;adks vfr lkSHkkX;'kkyh ekudj mudk lEeku dj jgs
gSAa
i|kuqokn
uke lfgr lsr ofur dj&dksey os.kq ctkrsA
ro ru pqfEcr iou&js.kqls Mjdks leqn ltkrs
ckycksfkuhl[kh Jhjkkkthdks Li"V dj jgh gS fd
;fn rqEgsa esjh ckrksa ij fo'okl u gks rks ogkls vkrh
gqbZ Jh".kdh oa'khdh Vsj lqu yks] rqEgkjk gh uke ysdj
og rqEgsa feyudk ladsr ns jgh gSA Jh".k blh izdkjls
rqEgsa jkg crk jgs gSaA ;fn rqEgsa ;g vk'kadk gS fd ogk
tkus ij izrkj.kk gksxh] fdlh vU; je.khds lkFk mudk
vfHklkj gksxk rks rqEgkjh 'kadk fuewZy gS D;ksafd ckywds
mu d.kksadks Hkh jRu tkudj os vfr lEeku dj jgs gSa
tks rqEgkjs pj.kksasds vk?kkrls gokds lkFk muds ikl igqps
gSAa
193
irfr ir=s fopyfr i=s 'kfr&Hkonqi;kue~A

jp;fr 'k;ua lpfdr&u;ua i';fr ro iUFkkue~
vUo;ir=s (foges) o`{kkr~ HkwekS irfr (vorjfr
lfr) rFkk i=s fopyfr lfr 'kfr&Hkonqi;kua ('kfre~
vuqfera HkoR;k% mi;kua vkxeua ;fLeu~ rn~ ;Fkk rFkk)
'k;ua ('k;ka) jp;fr (fueehrs) rFkk lpfdr&u;ua
;Fkk L;kr~ rFkk ro iUFkkua (vkxeuoReZ) i';fr
vuqoknjkks! Jh".k vfr mYykl vkSj vfr'k;
LQwkls 'k;kdk fuekZ.k dj jgs gSa vkSj tSls gh fdlh
i{khds o`{k ij cSBusls iks papy gksdj FkksM+k&lk Hkh
'kCn djus yxrs gSa] rks os rqEgkjs vkxeuds ekxZdk
pfdr n`f"Vls voyksdu djus yxrs gSaA
i|kuqokn
i{khds mM+usls
r#ds
iks tc fgy tkrs
vkrh gks ;g tku n;esa 'kadkls f[ky tkrsA
'kh?kz ogha ij fdly;&nydh 'k;k yfyr jpkrs
vkSj iaFk ij pkSad&pkSad dj vk[ksa lty fcNkrs
ckycksfkuhl[kh Jhjkkkls dg jgh gS fd o`{kds
iks fxjusls ;k ok;qds lapkyuls vFkok if{k;ksads bkj&mkj
?kweus&fQjusls lkekU; êeZj* 'kCn gksrs gh os euesa 'kadk
djrs gSadgha Jhjkkk rks ugha vk jgh gSaA vr% cM+s gh
mYyklls os tYnh gh 'k;k&fuekZ.k djusesa yx tkrs gSa
vkSj pfdr n`f"Vls rqEgkjs vkxeu&iFkdh vksj ns[kus
yxrs gSaA
eq[kjekhja R;t
ethja fjiqfeo dsfy"kq yksye~A
py lf[k! dqta lfrfej&iqta 'khy; uhy&fupksye~
194
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vUo;gs lf[k] vkhja (ppya) vr,o eq[kja

(l'kCna) ethja (uwijq a) dsfy"kq (hM+klq) yksya (vfrpiya)_
vr% vHkh"VfojksfkRokr~ fjiqfeo ('k=qor~) R;t_ lfrfejiqta
(relko`ra) dqta py_ uhyfupksya (rkeL;fHklkfjdksfpra
uhyolua) 'khy; (ifjksfg)
vuqoknlf[k! pyks] dqatdh vksj pysaA pyusesa
eq[kfjr gksus okys] foykl dsfyesa vfr papy gksusokys
bu uwiqjksadks rqe 'k=qds leku R;kx nks] frfej ;q
uhyoludks kkj.k dj yksA
i|kuqokn
R;kx eq[kj uwiqj lf[k! lRoj lkM+h uhys jaxdhA
ifgu] pysa bl frfej iqatesa dqat&vksj] D;ksa fBBdh\
ckycksfkuhl[kh Jhjkkkls dg jgh gSgs jkks! bl
le; vakdkj gS tks vfHklkjds fy, mfpr le; gSA bl
vakdkjesa vfHklkfjdk, vius izsfe;ksals feyk djrh gSaA
vr% rqe bl vakdkjessa ml fuHk`r dqatdh vksj pyksA
lf[k] bu uwiqjksadks mrkj nks] ;s rks rqEgkjs 'k=q gh gSaA
vfr papy gksud
s s dkj.k ;s pyusds le; rFkk foykl&dsfyesa
ofu mRiUu djrs gSa] 'k=qds leku voljdks tkus fcuk
gh eq[kfjr gks tkrs gSa! ;s eathj vHkh"V flfds izfrdwy
gSaA vc viuk uhy olu igu yksA bl vfHklj.kh;
uhy oluds voxq.Buls rqEgkjk xkSj o.kZ bl frfejesa
,dkdkj gks tk;sxk] ';kee; gks tk;sxk] rqEgkjs iFkdk
vUkdkj vkSj Hkh c<+ tk;sxkA
mjfl eqjkjs#ifgr&gkjs ?ku bo rjy&cykdsA

rfM+fno ihrs! jfr&foijhrs jktfl lqr&foikds
195
vUo;vf; ihrs (xkSjkf) lqrfoikds (lqrkuka

iq.;kuka foikds QyLo:is) jfr foijhrs (foijhrjrkS)
mifgrgkjs (vkUnkfyr&gkjs) eqjkjs% (".kL;) mjfl (o{kfl)
rjy&oykds rjyk ppyk oykdk odi~f% ;fLeu~
rkn`'ks) ?kus (es?ks) rfM+r~ (lkSnkfeuh) bo jktfl (okZeku&
lkehI;s yV~ 'kksfHk";ls) v= mjlks ?kusu] gkjL; oykd;k]
xkS;kZLrfM+rk lg lkE;eoxUrO;e~
vuqokngs fo|qrds leku ihro.kZe;h jkks! vius
riq.;ds ifj.kkeLo:i foijhr jfresa Jh".kds ef.ke;
gkjls lq'kksfHkr o{k%LFkyds ij ,sls lq'kksfHkr gksvksxh]
tSls es?kds ij papy cd&iaf izdkf'kr gks jgh gSA
i|kuqokn
jfr&foijhrs] ihrs! jkftr ?ku ij fcTtq 'kykdkA
gfj&mj&mifgr ekSfd ekyk] gksxh rjy cykdk
foxfyr&olua ifjr&jlua ?kV; t?kuefikkuaA

fd'ky;&'k;us it&u;us fufkfeo g"kZ&fukkua
vUo;vrks xRok gs it&u;us (ljkstkf{k)
fd'ky;&'k;us (okyiYyo'k;k;ka) foxfyr&olua (Jh".ksu
gsrquk foxfyra olua ;Lekr~ rkn`'ka) ifjr&olua (rsuSo
ifjrk nwjhrk jluk dkph ;Lekr~ rkn`'ka) vr,o
vfikkua (ukfLr fikkue~ vkPNknua ;L; rr~
vkoj.kjfgrfeR;FkZ%) t?kua (dfViqjksHkkxa) rL;So fufkfeo
(jRufeo) g"kZfukkua (vkuUnfudsrua) ?kV; (dq#) xrkoj.kL;
fuksnZ'kZus g"kksZ tk;r ,osR;FkZ%
vuqokngs bUnhoju;u jkks! uohu fdly;dh 'k;k
ij rqe vkoj.kjfgr gksdj] djkuh jfgr gksdj fiz;reds
izhfrfokku Lo:i vius fufk&jRu ta?kkvksadks LFkkfir dj
nksA
196
JhxhrxksfoUne~
i|kuqokn
iadtu;us! ny&'k;k ij vius thou&kulsA
ck vkoj.k R;kx u feyrh dSls izeqfnr euls
ckycksfkuhblds igysds i|esa l[khus Jhjkkkesa
foijhr jfrdh mRd.Bk tkxzr dhA vc Jh".kds }kjk
dh tkusokyh jfrhM+kds izfr Jhjkkkdh mRd.Bk mRiUu
djrh gqbZ l[kh vkxs dg jgh gSgs iadtds leku
euksgj us=ksaokyh jkks! dksfVdUniZ vfHkjke Jh".kdh
lqUnjrkdks ns[kdj oL= rks rqEgkjh tk?kksals Lo;a gh f[kld
tk;sxk] es[kykesa layXu {kq ?kafVdk, Hkh ifjr gks
tk,xh] rqe vkuUnds fukku Jh".kds lq[kdk fokku
djusokyh bl fufkjRu ta?kk&Hkkxdks Jh".k }kjk jfpr
uoiYyoksadh 'k;k ij j[kukA
gfjjfHkekuh jtfufjnkuhfe;efi ;kfr fojkee~A

dq# ee opua lRoj&jpua iwj; ekqfjiqdkee~
vUo;gfj% (Jh".k%) vfHkekuh (vfr'k;su Roka
ekuf;rqa 'khya ;L; rkn`'k%] Ronsdij bR;FkZ%)_ b;a jtfu%
(jkf=%) vfi fojkea (volkua) ;kfr (rLekr~) ee opua
lRoj&jpua (lRojk jpuk vuq"Bkua ;L; rkn`'ka)] vFkok
lRojk jpuk os'k ifjikVh ;= rn~ ;Fkk rFkk dq#)_
ekqfjiq&dkea (ekqfjiks% gjs% dkea euksjFka iwj;)
vuqoknbl le; Jh".k vfHkekuh gks jgs gSa]
jkf=dk volku Hkh gks jgk gS] vr,o esjh ckrksadks
Lohdkj djks vkSj vfoyEc pydj ekqfjiq Jh".kdh
dkeuk, iw.kZ djksA
197
i|kuqokn
jSu fljkuh] fi; vfHkekuh dj u ltfu! vc nsjhA
tkdj muls lRoj fey ysbruh vuqu; esjh
ckycksfkuhl[kh dg jgh gSJh".k cM+s euLoh
gSa] yk{kf.kd vFkZ ;g gS fd Jh".k vU;euLd gks jgs
gSa] rqEgsa eukusds fy, vR;Ur iz;Ru'khy gSa] rqe nwljsds
lkFk muds vfHklkjdh fpUrk er djksA euLohds lanHkZesa
;g dFkuh; gS fd os vius LokfHkekudh lqj{kkds fy,
rqEgkjs ikl rd ugha vk lds] dgha os rqEgkjk R;kx u
dj nsa^gfjjfHkekuh] Rokks yk?koa u lgrs] i'pkok
R;{kfr*A tks dk;Z rqEgsa cknesa djuk gS] mls vHkh D;ksa
ugha dj ysrha\ jkr chrrh tk jgh gSA vfHklj.kh; csyk
lekIr gks jgh gSA esjh ckr ekuks] rqe Jh".kds ikl
lRoj gh pyks vkSj mudh vfHkyk"kk, iw.kZ djksA
Jht;nsos r&gfj&lsos Hk.kfr ijeje.kh;e~A

izeqfnr&n;a gfjefrln;a uer lqr&deuh;e~
vUo;r&gfj&lsos (Rok gfjlsok ;su rfLeu~)
Jht;nso Hk.kfr lfr Hkks% lkko% izeqfnr%&n;a (izeqfnra
n;a ;Fkk rFkk vFkok lnkuUn&psrla gfje~) vfrln;a
(ijeikyqa) ijeje.kh;a (,dkUreuksgja) lqrdeuh;a
(lqrsu 'kksHku&pfjrsu deuh;a_ loSZ o'ks"ks.k okNuh;feR;FkZ%)
gj ;w;a uer
vuqokngs lkkqtu! ije euksgj dkO;&jpf;rk]
Jhgfj&lsoh t;nsor bl xhfrls izeqfnr n;] vfr'k;
ln;] ije ekqj] 'kksHku&pfjr rFkk deuh; xq.kksals ;q
Jh".kdks izeqfnr n;ls ueLdkj djksA
198
JhxhrxksfoUne~
i|kuqokn
Jht;nso dfFkr ;g ok.kh] gfj&jkkk&jl lkuhA
eqfnr n; mldk djrh gS] ftlus ofu igpkuh
ckycksfkuhbl v"Vinhds vUresa dfo t;nso dgrs
gSa fd gs Hkkxortu! Jh".kdh lsokesa lnSo rRij jgus
okys mUgksaus lqekqj bl dFkk&dkO;dh jpuk dh gSA vr%
Jh".k mu ij lnSo izlUu jgrs gSaA viuh&viuh
LQwrds dkj.k tks lcdh dkeukds fo"k; cus gq, gSa] ,sls
n;kds flUkq] ije je.kh; Jh".kdks vki lHkh izeqfnr
n;ls ueLdkj djsaA
fofdjfr eqgq% dq'oklkuk'kk% iqjks eqgqjh{krs

izfo'kfr eqgq% dqta xqtueqgqcZgw rkE;frA
jp;fr eqgq% 'k;ka i;kZdqya egqjh{krs
enu&dnu&DykUr% dkUrs! fiz;Lro orZrs
vUo;vfr'kh?kzefHklkjf;rqa fiz;renq%[ka o.kZ;frgs
dkUrs (pkoZf) ro fiz;% (".k%) fiz;k es ukxrk bfr
eRok eqgq% (ckjackja) 'oklku~ (fu'oklku~ fojgtfurku~
vk;krhfr lEHkkO; iqj% (vxzr%) eqgq% vk'kk% (fn'k%)
bZ{krs (vkyksd;fr)_ dnkfpr~ vU;su iFkk vkxrsfr
eRok eqgq% dqta izfo'kfr_ r=kfi Rokei';u~ dFka
ukxrsfr eqgq% (iqu%iqu%) xqtu~ (dFka ukxrk] dok ifFk
dkfpr~ nq?kZVuk tkrsR;kfn vO;a onu~) cgq (vR;Ura)
rkE;fr (Xyk;fr)_ ef; c&n`<+kuqjkxk lk lkEizresok&
xfe";rhfr eqgq% 'k;ka jp;fr_ efPpk&ftKklkFk dnkfpr~
brks fuxZrk fr"Brhfr eRok eqgq'p i;kZdqya (ifjr%
vkdqya ;Fkk rFkk) bZ{krs (i';fr) bRFka enu&dnu&DykUr%
(enuL; dnusu ihM+usu DykUr% dkrj% lu~) okZrs
199
vuqokngs dkfefu! rqEgkjs fiz; Jh".k enu&;U=.kkls

lUrIr gksdj fudqat&x`gesa rqEgkjh izrh{kk dj jgs gSaA os
ckj&ckj nh?kZ 'okl ysrs gq, pfdr us=ksals pgqfnf'k ns[krs
gSaA ckj&ckj vLQqV 'kCnksals foyki djrs gq, yrkdqatls
ckgj vkrs gSa vkSj iqu% mlesa izos'k djrs gSa ,oa nq%[kh
gksrs gSaA ckj&ckj 'k;kdk fuekZ.k djrs gSa vkSj vkdqy
gksdj ckj&ckj rqEgkjk vkxeu&iFk ns[krs gSaA
i|kuqokn
rsjs vkusdh vk'kk tc yxrh iy iy ?kVusA
rHkh fodyrk c<+ tkrh gS] yxrk khjt gVus
dHkh izrh{kk&n`xls y[krs vkSj mlklsa HkjrsA
gksdj HkzkUr dqatesa tkrs fQj vk[kksals <jrs
ckj&ckj 'k;k jprs gSa] [kwc lkkuk lkksA
enu&dnu&ifjDykUr dkUr gSa rsjs jh lf[k! jkks
ckycksfkuhbl izcUkdh milafr djrs gq, dfo
dgrs gSa fd l[kh Jhjkkkdks Jh".kds lfUudV igqpusds
fy, vusd izdkjls izsfjr dj jgh gS fd Jh".k rqEgkjs
fojgesa dketU; d"Vls nq%[kh gSaA rqe vHkh rd vk;h
ugha gks,slk lkspdj ckj&ckj lkl ysrs gS]a nh?kZ&fu%'oklkkjk
NksM+rs gSaA rqe vHkh rd muds ikl igqph ugha
gksizrh{kkjr gksdj ckj&ckj pkjksa fn'kkvksaesa ns[krs gSaA
rqe fdl fn'kkls vk jgh gks] ;g ns[kusds fy, yrkdqatls
ckgj vkrs gSaA iqu% yrkdqatesa izos'k djrs gSa] ;g
le>dj fd rqe dgha vkdj ogk fNi rks ugha x;h gks\
dHkh ckgj] dHkh vUnj] ckj&ckj D;ksa ,slk djrs gSa\
blfy, fd ôg vk rks ugha jgh gaS] og D;ksa ugha vk;ha]
fdl dkj.kls #d x;ha vFkok dgha Mj rks ugha
x;ha*bl izdkjls mlds vukxeuds dkj.kdk fopkj
djds ckj&ckj cgqr izdkjls vO; 'kCn djrs gSaA iqu%
200
JhxhrxksfoUne~
;g lc lksp&fopkjuk O;FkZ gSog vo'; gh vk;saxh,slk

fu'p; dj 'k;kdh jpuk djuk izkjEHk dj nsrs gSaA
^dnu* 'kCnls rkRi;Z gSeq>ls vuqjkx gksusds dkj.k
vo'; gh vk;asxhA vr% mRdf.Br gksdj ckj&ckj ns[krs
gSAa
izLrqr 'yksdesa gfj.kh NUn rFkk ^nhid* vyadkj gSA
Ro}kE;su lea lexzekquk frXeka'kqjLra xrks

xksfoUnL; euksjFksu p lea izkIra re%lkUrke~A
dksdkuka d#.kLousu ln`'kh nh?kkZ enH;FkZuk
rUeqXks! foQya foyEcuelkS jE;ksfHklkj&{k.k%
vUo;vr% lEizR;so xeua lkEizrfefr le;kuqdYw ;&
ekgvkquk Ro}kE;su (ro izfrdwyr;k vfHkeku&o'kkr~
ekSuHkkosu bfr Hkko%) lea (lg) frXeka'kq% (lw;Z%) lexza
(lEiw.k ;Fkk rFkk) vLra xr% xksfoUnL; euksjFksu p lea
re% (frfeja) lkUrka (fufoM+rka) izkIre~ Rof; xksfoUnL;
vuqjkx% ;Fkk e'k% xk<+rka xr% r}nUkdkjksfi e'k%
fufoM+% ltkr bR;FkZ%) enH;FkZuk (ee vH;FkZuk vuqjksk'p)
dksdkuka (pUdkjk.kka) d#.kLojsu (dkrjfoykisu) jk=kS
rs"kka foPNsnkfnfr Hkko%_ rr~ (rLekr~) vf; eqXks]
foyEcua foQye~_ ;r% vlkS vfHklkj{k.k% (dkUrkfHkxeu&
dky%) jE;% (izhfrizn%) fiz;re% mRdf.Br% jE;'p
vfHklkj{k.k%] fpjeH;FkZuijk l[kh] rFkkfi os'kkfnO;ktsu
xeufoyEcufefr ekSXke~
vuqokngs eqXks! rqEgkjh okerk (izfrdwyrk) ds
lkFk&lkFk ;g fnokdj Hkh lEiw.kZ :ils vLr gks x;kA
Jh".kds euksjFkds lkFk gh vUkdkj lkUrk (?kuRo)
dks izkIr gks x;kA fojg&fody pokd i{khds jkf=dkyesa
d#.k Loj fujUrj foykids leku esjh vH;FkZuk Hkh
201
O;FkZ gks x;hA eSa vfr nh?kZdkyls d#.k izkFkZuk dj jgh

gwA vc foyEc djuk O;FkZ gSA vfHklkjdh je.kh; csyk
mifLFkr gSA
ckycksfkuhgs jkks] gs eqXks! ;g fiz;reds lehi
tkusdk mi;q le; gSA vius oke LoHkkods vkhu
gksdj rqe eku djds cSBh gh jgha] vc rks eku lekIr
gks x;k gS vkSj bkj lw;Z Hkh vLr gks x;kA rqEgkjs
jfr&vfHklj.kesa vc dksbZ ckkk ugha gSA xksfoUnds euesa
rqEgkjs I;kjds tks euksjFk mBs Fks] muds lkFk&lkFk
vUkdkj Hkh vkSj xgjk gks mBk] feyudh vk'kk vkSj
rhoz gks mBhA jkf=dkyesa pdok&pdoh nksuksa ,d&nwljsls
vyx&vyx gksdj fojgkfkD;ds dkj.k nh?kZ d#.k
Unu djus yxrs gSaA mlh nh?kZ iqdkjds leku rqEgkjs
le{k Jh".k&feyuds fy, dh x;h esjh vH;FkZuk O;FkZ
gh pyh x;hA gs eqXks] vc le; O;FkZ er xokvks]
vfHklkjdk fo'ks"k le; gksrk gS] ?kuk vUkdkj gS]
fiz;re rqEgkjs fy, mRdf.Br gSa] rqe os'k&Hkw"kkfnds cgkus
vkxeuesa vc foyEc er djks] tYnh djksA
izLrqr 'yksdesa lgksf vyadkj gS rFkk 'kknwZyfohfM+r
NUn gSA
vk'ys"kknuq pqEcuknuq u[kksYys[kknuq LokUrt&

izksn~ckskknuq lEHkzeknuq jrkjEHkknuq izhr;ks%A
vU;kFk xr;ksHkzZekfUefyr;ks% lEHkk"k.kStkZurks&
nZEiR;ksfjg dks u dks u refl ozhM+kfofeJks jl%
vUo;vFk mRd.BkoZuk; lqjrizhrsjR;kfkD;a n'kZ;fr
vU;kFk (vU;ksU;lykHkk; dk;kZUrjeqiy{;) xr;ks%
(lsrLFkkua izkIr;ks%) Hkzekr~ (vUos"k.kk; Hkze.kkr~) bg
(bZn`'ks lkUs) refl (xk<+kUkdkjs) fefyr;ks% (lr;ks%)
lEHkk"k.kS% (d.BofufHk%) tkurks% (ds;a d'pk;fefr
202
JhxhrxksfoUne~
foUnrks%) nEiR;ks% (hiqal;ks%) ;Fkkea vk'ys"kkr~

(vkfyukr~) vuq (i'pkr~)] pqEcukr~ vuq] u[kksYys[kkr~
(u[kkuke~ mYys[kkr~ vk?kkrkr~) vuq] LokUrtizksn~okskkr~
(LokUrtL; dkeL; izksn~okskkr~ izdk'kukr~)] vuq] lEHkzekr~
(lkolkr~) vuq] jrkjEHkkr~ (k`kjkjEHk.kkr~) vuq] izhr;ks%
(ifjrks"ka xr;ks%) d% d% ozhM+kfofeJ% (ozhM+;k] dFka
lglSoa dkZqekjCkfeR;soa yTt;k fofeJ% laofyr%) jl%
(lEHkksxk|kLokn%) u Hkofr u vfirq loZ=So lyTt%
jlkLokn% HkoR;so bR;FkZ%A ,rsu vfHklkq Jhjkfkdk&
izksRlkgueqe~
vuqoknbl fufoM+ frfejesa uk;d&ukf;dk ,d&nwljsdks
izkIr djus gsrq vUos"k.kds fy, Hkze.k djrs gq, vU; uk;d
rFkk ukf;dkds Hkzels feys gq, lEHkk"k.k }kjk ,d nwljsdks
igpku ysus ij ijLij vkfyu] i'pkr~ pqEcu] mlds ckn
u[k&{kr viZ.k] i'pkr~ dkeksd
s gksus ij enuds vkos'kesa
lEHkzeds lkFk jfrdsfydk izkjEHk gksus ij lqjrhM+kds i'pkr~
nksuksa ,d peRdkjiw.kZ izhfrdk vuqHko djksxAs bl vUkdkjesa
ozhM+kfefJr dkSu&lk jl izkIr ugha gksxk\ vr,o gs lqUnfj!
pyks] 'kh?kzkfr'kh?kz dsfy&dqt
a esa pys]a Hkyk ,sls lqvoljdk
D;k dHkh R;kx fd;k tkrk gS\
ckycksfkuhl[kh Jhjkkkdks izyksHku ns jgh gS fd gs
l[kh jkfkds! ogk Jh".kds lehi igqpus ij rqEgsa
vusd izdkjdk dsfy&dkSrqd izkIr gksxkbl dFkuls
l[kh Jhjkkkdh mRd.Bk c<+kdj mu nksuksads euksjFkdk
vfHkO;tu dj jgh gSA
vUkdkj gks tkus ij uk;d vU; ukf;dkdks rFkk
ukf;dk vU; uk;ddks izkIr djusds fy, ;fn fudys gksa
vkSj tc os ijLij fefyr gks tk,] rc ftl ozhM+k
fefJr k`kj jldh vuqHkwfr gksrh gSA rc ,slk dkSu&lk
203
jl gS] ftls izkIr djuk vof'k"V jg tk;A ml

ozhM+k&fefJr jlesa lc izdkjds jlksadk lekxe gks tkrk
gSA
Hkzekr~ ls rkRi;Z gSdqatdh vksj Hkze.k djrs gq,
ijLij fey x;s gksa] vUkdkjesa ijLij okrkZykils igpku
fy;s x;s gksa vFkok vU; fdlh iz;kstuls x;s gksa vkSj
fey x;s gksaA okrkZyki gksusls lkfRod Hkkods }kjk
Loj&Hkaxls igpku fy;s x;s gksaA feyuds lkFk gh os
lglk vkyxu djrs gSa] fdUrq nksuksadks Hk; jgrk gS fd
dgha fdlhus ns[k u fy;k gksA vr% ^Hk;kud jl* izknqHkwZr
gksrk gS] ftldk ^Hk;* LFkk;h Hkko gSA dkUrkds ckj&ckj
euk fd;s tkus ij Hkh uk;d viuh gBo`fkds dkj.k
mldk pqEcu djrk gS] nUr{kr djrk gSA ij iqu% mls
'kksd gksrk gSeSaus O;FkZ gh bls d"V igqpk;k] yk[k euk
djus ij Hkh ekuk ughaA vr% d#.kkls mudk vUr%dj.k
foxfyr gksrk gSA vr% ;gk ^d#.k jl* izkIr gksrk gSA
dkedks izksRlkfgr djusds fy, ijLij u[kksYys[k djrs gSa]
ftldk LFkk;h Hkko gS ^mRlkg*A
rRi'pkr~ ijLij nksuksa ,d nwljsds lkFk jfrhM+kds
fy, rRij gksrs gSaA bl hM+kesa mUgsa foLe;&izkku vqr
jldh lq[kkuqHkwfr gksrh gSA rRi'pkr~ dkeksn~cksk gksus ij
ukuk foyklksals foyflr gks ijLij gkL; izkku ckrsa djrs
gSa vkSj rc jfrhM+kesa fyIr gksus ij nksuksadks gkL; jl
vuqHkwr gksrk gSA lqjr&hM+k lEiUu gksusij tc os ijLij
vkuUndk vuqHko djrs gSa] rc mUgsa ldy&jl&porhZ
jljkt k`kj jldh ekqjkuqHkwfr gksrh gSA bl izdkj
frfejesa fefyr igys vutku] fQj ijLij igpku fy;s
tkusij nksuksadks yTtk gksrh gS] ijUrq ijLij nks"kkjksi.k
vFkok ksk ugha djrs] D;ksafd nksuksadk leku nks"k gksrk
204
JhxhrxksfoUne~
gSA vr%ij uk;d&ukf;dkvksadks vUkdkjesa yTtkfefJr

lEiw.kZ jlksadk vuqHko gksrk gSA jkks! rqEgsa ,slh izrhfr
gksxh fd vgks! brus fnuksads i'pkr~ tc ge nksuksa feys]
rc brus xgjs k`kj jlesa D;ksa Mwcs\
izLrqr lUnHkZesa pkS;Zjrds lEiw.kZ edks Hkh cryk;k
x;k gSA Hkjreqfuus dgk gS
vk'ys"kpqEcuu[k{krdkecksk'kh?kzRoeSFkqueuUrlq[kizckske~
A
izhfrLrrksfi jlHkkoueso dk;Zesoa furkUrurqjk% lqfpja jeUrs
izLrqr 'yksdesa nhid] leqPp; rFkk HkzkfUreku
vykj "VO; gSaA 'kknwZyfohfM+r NUn gSA
lHk;&pfdra foU;L;Urha n`'kkS frfejs ifFk

izfrr# eqgq% fLFkRok eUna inkfu forUorhe~A
dFkefi
jg%izkIrkeSju&rjffHk%
lqeqf[k! lqHkx% i';u~ l RokeqiSrq rkFkZrke~
vUo;vFkSrPNo.kO;xzr;k xeuk; m|rkeoyksD;
xeuizdkj&ekgvf; lqeqf[k (lqonus) lqHkx% (HkkX;oku~_
ro iz.k;& lkSHkkX;'kkyhfr ;kor~) gfj% frfejs (relko`rs
bR;FkZ%) ifFk (oReZfu) izfrr# (izfro`{ks) lHk;pfdra
;Fkk rFkk_ dq=fpr~ fr"Brk dsufpr~ {ksgfefr us=L;
lHk;pfdrRoe~) n`'ka (us=a) foU;L;Urha (fuf{kiUrha) eqgq%
(iqu% iqu%) fLFkRok (llkola foJE;) eUna ;Fkk rFkk
inkfu forUorhaa (fof{kiUrha) nkScZY;kr~ 'kh?kzxeuk'kDR;k
in;ks% eUn&eUn& foU;klRoe~ vr% dFkefi (vfrDys'ksu)
jg%izkIrka (,dkUrs mifLFkrka) vu&rjffHk% (dkerjiw.kS%Z ]
mRd.B;k vu&rjfRolukuke~) vS% miyf{krka
Roka i';u~ rkFkZrka (lkQY;a) misrq (izkIuksrq_ rkFkksZ
Hkorq bR;FkZ%)
205
vuqokngs 'kksHkus! frfeje; iFkij Hk; vkSj pfdr

n`f"Vls ns[krh gqbZ] r#ojksads lehi [kM+h gksdj iqu%
'kuS%&'kuS% ix c<+krh gqbZ] fdlh izdkj ,dkUresa igqph
gqbZ] dkedh rjaxksals dYyksfyr gksrh gqbZ rqEgsa ns[kdj
lkSHkkX;oku Jh".k RR; gksaxsA
ckycksfkuhrqEgkjh izkfIr gh Jh".kdk loZLo gS]
bldk fnXn'kZu djrs gq, l[kh Jhjkkkls dg jgh gSgs
vfr'k; lqUnfj! tc rqe ;gkls pyus yxksxh] rc rqEgkjk
ekxZ vUkdkjls ifjiw.kZ gksxkA ml vUksjs iFkij pyrs
gq, Hk;Hkhr gksdj pfdr&lh rqe vkxs iSj c<+kvksxhA
vUkdkjesa Hk;dk gksuk rks LokHkkfod gh gS] dgha dksbZ
ns[k u ys] vr% pfdr gksuk Hkh lgt gh gSA ,sls fufoM+
vUkdkjesa eSa Jh".kls feyusds ladsr&LFkkuij tk jgh
gw,slk foLe; rks gksxk gh] tkus ij Jh".kls feyu
gksxk ;k ugha;g 'kadk Hkh gksxhA Lru ,oa furEc Hkkjls
rqEgkjk 'kjhj 'kh?kz gh vfr'k; DykUr gks tkrk gS] vr%
'kh?kz tkusesa vleFkZ vylk;h&lh rqe izR;sd o`{kds uhps
Bgj&Bgj dj pyukA vudh ygjsa rqEgkjs 'kjhj ij
hM+k dj jgh gSa] bl f'kfFkyrkls miyf{kr ladsr
LFkkuij rqEgsa ns[kdj 'kqHkx Jh".k RR; gks tk,xsA
os izlUurkds vfr'k; vkosxesa voxkgu djus yxsaxsA
izLrqr 'yksdesa gfj.kh NUn rFkk vfr'k;ksf uked
vyadkj gSA
jkkk&eqXk&eq[kkjfoUn&ekqiL=SyksD;&ekSfy&LFkyh
usiF;ksfpr&uhy&jRueouh&HkkjkorkjkUrd% A
LoPNUna ozt&lqUnjh&tu&euLrks"k iznks"kksn;%
dal&oalu&kwedsrqjorq Roka nsodh&uUnu%
206
JhxhrxksfoUne~
bfr JhxhrxksfoUns v"Ve% lUnHkZ% bfr JhxhrxksfoUns

egkdkO;sfHklkfjdk o.kZus lkdk~{kks uke ipe% lxZ%A
vUo;vFk fojga o.kZ;u~ O;kdqy% dfo% r;kseFkks&
feyudky&Lej.ktkrg"kZ% vkf'k"kk lxZeqilagjfr jkkkeqXk&
eq[kkjfoUnekqi% (jkkk;k% eqXka lqUnja ;r~ eq[kkjfoUna
onudeya rL; ekqi% Hkzej%) =SyksD;&ekSfy&LFkyh&
usiF;ksfpr&uhyjRua (=SyksD;L; f=HkqouL; ;k ekSfyLFkyh
f'kjksHkkx% JhoÙnkou&HkwfefjR;FkZ% rL;k usiF;ksfpre~ vykjHkwra
uhyjRue~) vouhHkkjkorkj{ke% (voU;k% f{krs% HkkjL;
vorkjs nqoZ`kneukfnuk gj.ks {ke% leFkZ%)] rFkk
ozt&lqUnjh&tu&euLrks"k&iznks"k% (oztlqUnjhtukuka eulka rks"kk;
iznks"k% jtuheq[kLo:i%) rFkk dal&oalu&kwedsr%q (dalL;
oalus kwedsrq%) nsodhuUnu% Roka fpje~ vorq (j{krq)
vr,o Jhjkkk;k xeudk~{k;k lfgr% iq.Mjhdks ;=
bfr lxksZ;a ipe%
vuqokntks Jhjkkkthds euksgj eq[kkjfoUndk ekqiku
djusesa ekqiLo:i gSa] tks f=Hkqouds eqdqVef.k&ln`'k
oÙnkoukkeds bUuhyef.ke; foHkw"k.k ln`'k gSa] tks vuk;kl
iznks"kdh Hkkfr cztlqUnfj;ksadk lUrks"k fokku djusesa leFkZ
gSa] tks i`Fohds Hkkj:ih nSR;nkuoksadk lagkj djrs gSa,sls
dal&fooalds kwedsrq Lo:i nsodhuUnu Jh".k vki
lcdh j{kk djsaA
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk vkSj Jh".kds fojg o.kZu djusds
i'pkr~ dfo nksuksads feyuds laHkksx i{kh; kàxkj&jldk
fp=.k djrs gq, ikBdksa rFkk Jksrkvksadks vk'khokZn iznku
djrs gq, dgrs gSa fd
eqXkeq[kkjfoUnekqiJhjkkkdk eq[k deyor~ gSA ftl
207
izdkj Hkzej deydk lsou djrs gq, mlds ijkx ekqdk

iku djrk gS] mlh izdkj Jh".k Jhjkkkds eq[k&dey&
ekkq;Zdk vkLoknu djrs gSaA blfy, os êqXkekqi* inls
lacksfkr gq, gSaA izLrqr 'yksdka'kls la;ksx O; gqvk gSA
=SyksD;ekSfyLFkyhusiF;ksfpruhyjRu%f=Hkqouesa fdjhV
LFkkuh; vFkkZr~ loksZR"V LFkkuksadks foHkwf"kr djusokys os
uhy&jRu gSaA usiF;ksfprdk vFkZ gS ^Hkw"k.kksfpr*A
vouhHkkjkoUrkjkUrdf'k'kqiky] nUro rFkk dal
vkfn i`Fohdk Hkkj c<+kusds fy, mRiUu gq, Fks] bUgha
^jk{klksa* dk fouk'k djusds fy, Jh".k vorh.kZ gq, FksA
vUrddk vFkZ gS ^;e*A Jh".k vouhHkkjkoUrkjksads fy,
;eds leku gSA
LoPNUna
oztlqUnjhtueuLrks"kiznks"kksn;%Jh".k
oztlqUnfj;ksads euksadks rks"kiznkudkjh lk;adkyor~ gSaA lk;adky
gksusij tSls f}tjkt pUek mfnr gksrk gS rFkk dkfefu;ksadks
vius izsfe;ksals feyusdk volj djrk gS] oSls gh Jh".k
oztlqUnfj;ksads n;ksadks LoPNUnrkiwoZd vkuUn iznkudj
mudh vfHkyk"kk iw.kZ djrs gSaA
dalolukwedsrq%dal uked vlqjds fouk'kdkjh
Jh".k kwedsrq rkjsds leku gSaA kwedsrq ,d rkjk fo'ks"k
gSA ekU;rk gS fd tc ;g mfnr gksrk gS] rc jktkdk
fouk'k vo';EHkkoh gksrk gSA Jh".kdk vorkj dalds
fouk'kdk lwpd gSA
kwedsrqdk vU; vFkZ gSHkkuqds leku izdk'kdA
Jhjkkkds dkedks 'kkUr djusokys Jh".k kwedsrq gSaA
iznks"k vFkkZr~ izxrks nks"kkn;%A
izLrqr 'yksdesa 'ys"k] yqIrksiek] ifjdj rFkk o.kksZiek
208
JhxhrxksfoUne~
uked vyadkjksadk lekos'k gSA 'kknwZyfohfM+r NUn rFkk

ikpkyh jhfr gSA
bl izdkj Jht;nso iz.khr xhrxksfoUn dkO;ds
vfHklkfjdk o.kZuesa ^lkdka{kiq.Mjhdk{k* uked ikpok lxZ
iw.kZ gqvkA
Jhjkkkds vkxeudh izrh{kkesa iq.Mjhdk{k fojkteku
gSa,slk ;g ikpok lxZ lcds izfr vkuUnnk;h gksA
bfr xhfrxksfoUn egkdkO;s ,dkn'k lUnHksZ Vhdk;ka
ckycksfkuh o`fkA
yyy
"k"B% lxZ%
^k`"V&oSdq.B%*
vFk rka xUrqe'kka fpjeuqjka yrkx`gs n`"V~okA
rPpfjra xksfoUns euflteUns l[kh izkg
vUo;vFk (vuUrja) fpje~ vuqjka (,dkUrkuqjkfx.kha)
rka fiz;re&oSdY;Jo.ksu n'kehn'kksUeq[khfeo) jkkka yrkx`gs
(dqts) vis{kek.kka rFkk lkeF;kZHkkokr~ Lo;a xUrqe'kka
n`"V~ok vfr O;kdqyk l[kh (nwrh) euflteUns (eufltsu
fiz;kkJo.ktkr&euksn%q [ksu eUns fu#Rlkghrs) xksfoUns (".ks)
rPpfjra (rL;k% jkkk;k% pfjra) izkgA vusu jkkk;k
okldlTtkoLFkk izdfVrkA rYy{k.kks ;Fkk^^dq#rs e.Mua
;krq lfTtrs okl&os'efuA lkrq okldlTtk L;kn~ fofnr&fiz;&
lek** bfr lkfgR;niZ.ks
vuqoknJh".kds ikl tkusesa vleFkZ rFkk fpjdkyls
muesa vuqj Jhjkkkdks yrkx`gesa ns[kdj enu&fodkjls
vkrZ xksfoUnls l[khus dgk
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk Jh".kds izfr izcy vuqjkfx.kh
gksusij Hkh fojgosnuktfur {kh.krkds dkj.k muds lfUudV
vfHklkjds fy, ugha tk ldhaA fiz;l[kh yrkx`gesa jkfkdkdks
bl fLFkfresa j[kdj Jh".kds fudV tkdj mudh
ps"Vkvksadk o.kZu djrh gSA Jh".k enu&lUrkids dkj.k
fo"k..k fpkls cSBs gq, gSaA vr,o mudh xfr eUn iM+
x;h gSA Jhjkkk JhxksfoUnesa vuqjk gSAa yrkx`gls ladrs LFkydk
rkRi;Z gSA
izLrqr 'yksdesa vk;kZ NUn gSA
210
JhxhrxksfoUne~
^^gs gfj] jkkk vkokl x`gs

iy&iy fnf'k fnf'k ns[k jgh gSA**
"k"B% lxZ%k`"V&oSdq.B%
211
}kn'k% lUnHkZ%A
xhre~
xq.kdjh jkxs.k :idrkysu xh;rsA
;g ckjgok izcUk xq.kdjh jkx rFkk :id rky}kjk
xk;k tkrk gSA
i';fr fnf'k fnf'k jgfl HkoUre~A

rnkj&ekqj&ekwfu
fioUre~
ukFk gjs! lhnfr jkkkoklx`gskzqoine~
vUo;jkkk jgfl (,dkUrs) fnf'k fnf'k (izfrfn'ka)
rnkjekqj&ekqfu (rL;k% ,o jkkk;k% vkjL; ekqjkf.k
ekqfu) fioUra HkoUra i';fr_ gs ukFk gjs] Rof;
vuqjr;k lUrki ,okuqHkwrLr;k bfr ukFk'kCn%] Ro;k p
rL;k yTtkkS;kZfn&gj.kkr~ gfj'kCnksfi iz;q% jkkk oklx`gs
(lsrHkous) lhnfr (Ronkxeuizrh{k;k e'k% volkk
Hkofr) RoUe;a txr~ izfrHkkfr rL;k% rFkkfi Roa eulkfi
rka u Lejlhfr lUrkidRoesosR;FkZ%
vuqokngs ukFk! gs gjs! Jhjkkk vius vkokl x`gesa
lh> jgh gSa] vR;Ur nq%[kh gks jgh gSa] Lokkjds ekqj
lqkkikuesa ldq'ky vkidks eu&gh&eu ldy fn'kkvksaesa
ns[k jgh gSaA
i|kuqokn
iy&iy fnf'k fnf'k ns[k jgh gS
ekqj vkj jl ihrs]
dgk nwj gks] dgk fudV gks
gs
esjs
euphrs\
gs gfj] jkkk vkokl x`gs
dc rd fo;ksxdk =kl lgs
ckycksfkuhJhjkkkdh ps"Vkvksadk o.kZu djrh gqbZ
212
JhxhrxksfoUne~
l[kh dgrh gSgs Jh".k! Jhjkkk vkoklx`gesa vFkkZr~

ladsrLFkku ij volkndks izkIr gks jgh gSaA ,dkUresa cSBh
gqbZ og izR;sd fn'kkvksaesa viuh Hkkoukdh rhoz izcyrkls
loZ= vkidks ns[k jgh gSaA lHkh fn'kk, muds fy,
".ke;h gks x;h gSaA yrk&x`gesa vkids pfj=dh ekqj&ekqj
ckrksadk og lizse Jo.k&iku dj jgh gSa,slk vFkZ Hkh
fd;k tk ldrk gSA fpjdkyhu izsedh izfr gh ,slh
gksrh gS fd eu vkSj 'kjhjesa rkyesy ugha jgrk] eu dqN
djuk pkgrk gS] ij 'kjhj lkFk ugha nsrkA fu<ky iM+h
gSa ogA
RonfHklj.k&jHklsu oyUrhA
irfr inkfu fd;fUr pyUrh
ukFk gjs! lhnfr---
vUo;;|srkn`'kh lk rg dFka uk xPNrhR;kg
RonfHklj.k&jHklsu (ro vfHklj.ks ;% jHkl% mRlkg% g"kksZ
ok rsu) oyUrh (mRlgekuk oy;qk ok) lrh fd;fUr
inkfu pyUrh lkeF;kZHkkokr~ ewPNrk irfr vr%
Lo;ekxUrqeleFkkZ gs ukFk----,oa loZ=
vuqoknJhjkkk vius vfHklj.kds mRlkgls mRlqd
gks izlkkukfn dk;ksesa O;Lr gksrh gqbZ T;ksa gh dqN dne
pyrh gSa] R;ksa gh fxj tkrh gSaA
i|kuqokn
;g dgdj rqels feyusdks]
T;ksa O;kdqy gks c<+rhA
fxj iM+rh gS iFkesa {k.kesa]
{k.kesa gS mB iM+rh
gs gfj jkkk vkokl x`gsA
dc rd fo;ksxdk okl x`gs
213
ckycksfkuhgs Jh".k! izlkkukfn dk;ksesa yxh gqbZ

Jhjkkk vfHklkj djusds fy, cM+s osxls mBrh gSa] fdUrq
fojgesa vR;Ur {kh.k gkssusds dkj.k foo'k gksdj og dqN
gh dne pydj Hkwfeij ewPNr gksdj fxj tkrh gSaA
fofgr&fo'kn&fol&fdly;&oy;kA
thofr ijfeg ro jfr&dy;k
ukFk gjs! lhnfr---
vUo;dFka rg thorhR;kgfofgr&fo'knfol&
fd'ky;&oy;k (fofgra ra fo'knfolkuka 'kqHkze`.kkykuka
fdly;kukp oy;a ;;k rkn`'kh) lrh ija (dsoya) ro
jfrdy;k (je.kkos'ksu) bg thofr
vuqoknfoey&koy e`.kky ,oa uo&iYyo fojfpr
oy;&lewgdks igus og dsoy vkids lkFk je.k djusdh
bPNkls th jgh gSaA
i|kuqokn
fdly; dksey oy; kkj dj
jfr&fpUrk&jl lkusA
ckycksfkuhe`.kkyds lw=ksals vkSj mldh dksiyksals
Jhjkkkus Lo;adks oyf;r dj fy;k gS] ftlls dketU;
larkils eqf feysA vfr'k; {kh.k vkSj 'kk gksusij Hkh
vkids lkFk je.k djusdh bPNkls vkufUnr gksdj mUgksaus
vHkh rd izk.kksadks kkj.k dj j[kk gSA rqEgkjs izsedh fofk
vHkh Hkh muds izk.kksaesa clh gSA rqEgkjs izsedk ,d iwjk
rU= izk.kdh rU=hesa ct jgk gSA je.kdk vkos'k gh muds
izk.k kkj.kdk dkj.k gSA
eqgjq oyksfdr&e.Mu&yhyk A
ekqfjiqjgfefr Hkkou&'khyk
ukFk gjs! lhnfr---
214
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vUo;rRizdkjesokgeqgq% (iqu% iqu%) LofLekso

voyksfdr&e.Muyhyk (voyksfdrk roSo e.MuL;
cgZxqtkfnHkw"k.kL; yhyk foyklks ;;k lk) vr,o vga
ekqfjiq% (Jh".k%) bfr Hkkou'khyk (Hkkouijk_ ".k
,okgfefr fpUruijk bfr Hkko%)
vuqoknêSa gh ekqfjiq gw* bl izdkjdh Hkkouke;h
gksdj og eqgq%eqgq% vkids vkHkw"k.kksa vkSj vyadj.kksadks
ns[krh gSaA
i|kuqokn
dHkh jpkrh jkl eqXk gks]
ekko
fut
vuqekusA
gs gfj jkkk vkokl x`gs]
dc rd fo;ksxdk =kl lgs\
ckycksfkuhgs Jh".k! vkids lkFk ,dizk.k gks êSa
gh ekqlwnu gw] eSa gh Jhjkkkizk.k Jh".k gw] ,slh Hkkouk
djrh gqbZ Lo;aesa vkidk vkjksi.k dj ysrh gSa] rwi gks
tkrh gSaA ;s eqdqV] dq.My] ouekyk vkfn vykj
Jhjkkkds lkFk je.k djus ;ksX; gSabl Hkkoukls iqu% iqu%
mu vykjksadks kkj.k djrh gSaA L=h&;ksX; vkHkw"k.kksadks
NksM+dj rqEgkjs fojgds nq%[kls iq#"kkf;r lqjr ;ksX;
vkHkw"k.kksadks kkj.k djrh gqbZ rn~:irkdks izkIr gqbZ og
viuk le; fcrkrh gaSA og ekko cudj Jhjkkkdk
k`kj ns[krh gSaA
RofjreqiSfr u dFkefHklkje~A
gfjfjfr onfr l[kheuqokje~
ukFk gjs! lhnfr---
vUo;iqu% LQw;Zixesrq vkRekua i`Fk~eRok gfj%
215
dFka Rofjre~ vfHklkja (lsrLFkkua) u miSfr (vkxPNfr)

bfr vuqokja (iqu% iqu%) l[kha (eka) onfr (i`PNfr)
vuqoknckj&ckj viuh l[khls iwNrh gSalf[k!
Jh".k vfHklj.kds fy, 'kh?kz gh D;ksa ugha vkrs\
i|kuqokn
ckj&ckj dgrh gS ^lf[k!
dc vk;saxs ouekyh\*
ckycksfkuhl[kh Jh".kls dgrh gSgs Jh".k!
dHkh&dHkh rks ,slk gksrk gS fd Jhjkkk ckj&ckj esjs
lkeus vkrh gSa vkSj ;gh iwNrh gSaJhgfj bl ladsr
LFkku ij eq>ls feyusds fy, Rofjr D;ksa ugha vkrs\
f'y";fr pqEcfr tykj&dYie~A

gfj#ixr bfr frfejeuYie~
ukFk gjs! lhnfr---
vUo;iqu'p vR;kos'ksu gfj% mixr% (vk;kr%)
bfr cqk tykj&dYia (es?kln`'ka) vuYia (izxk<+a)
frfeja (vUkdkja) f'y";fr (vkfyfr) pqEcfr p
vuqokntykjds leku izrhr gksuo
s kys ?kus vUkdkjdks
^^gfj vk x;s**,slk le>dj vkfyu vkSj pqEcu
djrh gSaA
i|kuqokn
tku tyn le re dks^^rqe gks**
Qwy
mBh
erokyhA
djus yxh mlhdk pqEcu]
vkfyu
ekqekrh
ckycksfkuhtc og dqN tyHkjs es?kds leku fLuXk
uhydkfUrokys foiqy vUkdkjdks ns[krh gSa rks mUgsa yxrk
gS^Jh".k] rqe vk x;s gks* vkSj ml fLuXk vakdkjdks
gh vesas Hkj ysrh gSa vkSj pqEcu djus yxrh gSaA
216
JhxhrxksfoUne~
Hkofr foyfEcfu foxfyr&yTtkA

foyifr jksfnfr okld&lTtk
ukFk gjs! lhnfr---
vUo;iq u Lrnixes Hkofr (Rof;) foyfEcfu
(rfoyEcs) okldlTtk (okld&lTtkoLFkka izkIrk_ lfTtr&
foyklx`gk bR;FkZ%) lk foxfyr&yTtk (foxfyrk yTtk
;L;k% rkn`'kh lrh) foyifr jksfnfr p
vuqokntc Jhjkkkdks ckKku gksrk gS fd vki
og ugha gSa] vki vkusesa nsj dj jgs gSa] rks og
okldlTtk Jhjkkk ykt [kksdj foy[kus yxrh gSa] jksus
yxrh gSaA
i|kuqokn
y[k foyEc og okldlTtk]
yTtk [kks ru&NhuhA
jksrh vkSj foyirh jgrh]
dfo ^t;*dh ;g ok.kh
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk okldlTtk ukf;dkds :iesa ;gk
fu:fir gqbZ gSaA tc Jhjkkk ;g tku ysrh gSa fd eSa
ftldks vkfyudj pwe jgh gw] og Jh".k ugha izR;qr
?kuk vUkdkj gS rks og vius R; ij yfTtr gks
jksus&dyius yxrh gSaA mudh cslqkh ,slh gS fd vkliklds
vakdkjds izlkjdks gh og o.kZ&HkzkfUrls viuk fiz;re
eku ysrh gSaA vkSj fQj esjs fiz;re vHkh rd D;ksa ugha
vk;s dgdj fcy[kus yxrh gSaA
okldlTtktks ukf;dk ladsr&dqtesa mifLFkr gksdj
cM+s mRlkgls uk;ddh izrh{kk djrh gqbZ dqtdks vkSj
mlesa iq"i&'k;kdks rFkk Lo;adks ltkrh gSa rFkk uk;dds
ikl ckjEckj nwrhdks Hkstrh gSa] mls okldlTtk ukf;dk
dgrs gSaA
217
Jht;nso&dosfjneqfnre~ A
jfldtua ruqrkefreqfnre~
ukFk gjs! lhnfr---
vUo;Jht;nso&dos% mfnre~ (me~) bna k`kj&jl
HkkforkUr%dj.ka jfldtue~ vfreqfnra (vfrizhra) ruqrke~
(dq#rke~)A ,rsu k`kj&jlkfo"VSHkZSfjo Jht;nsoksopu&
ekLoknuh;feR;qe~
vuqoknJht;nso dfo }kjk jfpr bl xkuls jfld
tuksads n;esa vfr'k; g"kZdk mn; gksA
i|kuqokn
lqurs gSa tks tu bl txesa]
ikrs
xfr
dY;k.kh
gs gfj jkkk vkokl x`gs]
dc rd fo;ksxdk =kl lgs\
ckycksfkuhdfo t;nso dgrs gSa fd l[khus tks
Jhjkkkdh ps"Vk fuosnu&fo"k;d xhr xk;k gS] og xhr
kàxkj&jl }kjk foHkkfor fpke; jfld Hkksadks vfr'k;
vkuUn iznku djsA
izLrqr xhresa kàxkj&jlds foizyEHk Hkko&jldk fp=.k
gSA leqPp; Loj gSA 'kB uk;d gSA fpUrkls O;kdqy
gksusokyh okldlTtk ukf;dk gSA
foiqy&iqyd&ikfy% LQhr&lhRdkjeUr&
tZfurtfM+eq dkdq&O;kdqya O;kgjUrhA
ro fdro! fokk;keUn&dUniZ&fpUrka
jl&tyfufk&eXuk ;kuyXuk e`xk{kh
vUo;Lo&l[;kk&Lej.ksu O;kdqyk lk ls"kZfeo
iqujkggs fdro (kwkZ_ xrizk.kkfeo rka ouekuh;
fuf'pUrkslhfr kwkZr;k lEckskue~) foiqy&iqyd&ikfy%
218
JhxhrxksfoUne~
(foiqyk egrh iqydkuka jksekpkuka ikfy% i~f ;L;k%

rok&Li'kZ&fpUrusu ltkrjksekpk bR;FkZ%) LQhr&'khRdkja
(LQhr% izo`% 'khRdkj% ro n'ku&{krkfn&dYiusu tfur
bfr Hkko% ;= rn~ ;Fkk L;kr~ rFkk) vUr% (vH;Urjs)
tfur&tfM+e&dkdq&O;kdqya (tfurks ;kslkS tfM+ek tkMe~
vLQqVRofeR;FkZ% rsu tkrk ;k dkdq% r;k dkDok
ousodkjs.k ifjjEHk.k&pqEcukfn&Lej.k&tfursu bfr Hkko%
O;kdqya ;FkkL;kr~ rFkk) O;kgjUrh (czqorh) lk e`xk{kh
(e`xu;uk] e`xh bo ljyfpkk bR;fHkizk;%) veUn&dUniZ&
fpUrka (veUnk xk<+k ;k dUniZfpUrk dkefpUrk rka)
fokk; (ifjdYI;) ro jl&tyfk&fueXuk (jl&tykkS
k`kj&jl&lkxjs fueXuk_ ,rsu vkyEcua fcuk dFka lk
thorhfr vFkkZr~ Ks;e~_ leqeXuk ;Fkk dk"BeoyEcrs
rFkk b;efi mik;kUrjkHkkokr~ Rof; ,o) ;kuyXuk (;kus
ro fpUrus yXuk p) okZrs bfr 'ks"k%
vuqokngs 'kB! vfr jksekapls ;q] vUrtZfur
tM+rk ,oa dkdqofu }kjk Li"V :ils lhRdkj djrh gqbZ
og e`xk{kh jkfkdk vkids vfr'k; rhoz enu&fodkjds
vkos'kesa vkids izse&jl lkxjesa fuefTtr gks fdlh izdkj
izk.k kkj.k djrh gSA
i|kuqokn
foiqy iqyd ru] vrqy yyd eu]
;ku
lqjfr
lq[k&yhukA
feyu dYiuk jl&lkxjesa
Mwc
jgh efr
nhuk
ckycksfkuhJhjkkkds ize
s ksUekndkdUniksUZ ekndk fp=.k
djrh gqbZ l[kh dgrh gSgs 'kB! gs kwrZ! gs diVh! og
219
e`xu;uh jkfkdk rqEgkjs la'ys"k&vk'ys"kds jl&flUkqesa

Mwcrh gqbZ ;ku&ijk;.k gks x;h gS] rqEgkjs ;kuesa eXu gks
x;h gSA mudks izrhr gksrk gS fd rqeus mls vkfyafxr
dj j[kk gSA blfy, muds 'kjhjds jkse&jkseesa vkuUn gks
x;k gSA vkuUnkfr'k;rkds dkj.k og foiqy jksekfpr gks
x;h gS vkSj flldkjrh gqbZ vUrj&tkMds dkj.k dqN&dqN
vLQqV cksyrh gS] vius Hkhrj dkeds rhoz vkos'kdks
lesVs og vkuUn&tyfkesa Mwc&mrj jgh gSA
izLrqr 'yksdesa ekfyuh NUn rFkk jlonyadkj gSA
vs"okHkj.ka djksfr cgq'k% i=sfi lpkfjf.k

izkIra Roka ifj'krs foruqrs 'k;ka fpja ;k;frA
bR;kdYi&fodYi&rYi&jpuk&lYiyhyk&'kr&
O;klkfi fouk Ro;k ojruqu"ZS kk fu'kka us";fr
vUo;iqujfr'kh?kzxeuk; rL;k okldlTtk&psf"Vrekg
Jh".kks ekesoa i';u~ eUneuk Hkfo";rhfr ro
vuqjtuk; ,"kk ojruq% (ojkh) vs"kq cgq'k% vkHkj.ka
djksfr (ifjkks)_ vukxr bfr R;tfr p iqujfi
djksfrvusu Hkw"k.k&ckgqY;feR;kdYi%_ i=s lpkfjf.k
vfi (i{;kfnuk pyfr lfr) Roka izkIra (vkxra) ifj'krs
(rdZ;fr) vusu fodYi%_ vkxrk ".k% v= 'kf;";rs
bfr 'k;ka foruqrs (ikfjikVsu fopj;fr) vusu rYijpuk_
fpja ;k;fr (ro lejla fpUr;frp) vusu lYi&
yhyk'kre~_ bfr (,oa:is.k) vkdYi&fodYi&rYijpuk&
lYi&yhyk'kr&O;klkfi (vkdYiL; Hkw"k.kL;] fodYiL;
fordZL;] rYiL; 'k;k;k'p jpuk;ka rFkk lYiyhyk'krs"kq
ifjdfYir&foykllewgs"kq O;klkfi fofuosf'krfpkkfi) Ro;k
fcuk fu'kka u us";fr (u ;kif;";fr)A fojgO;kdqy;k
LrL;k jkf=;kiuekquk lqnq"djfefr Hkko%
220
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vuqoknojruq Jhjkkk dbZ ckj vius vaxksaesa vykj

kkj.k djrh gSa] ikksads lapfjr gksusij ^vki vk x;s
gSa*bl izdkjdh ifj'kk djrh gaS] vkids fy, e`nq
'k;kdh jpuk djrh gaS] vkids vkusesa foyEc gksusij
vfkd nq%[kh gksrh gSaA bl izdkj vyadj.k] fodYi]
rYijpuk] izsekyki] ladYi vkfn vusd izdkjdh yhykvksaesa
vkl jgdj Hkh vkids fojgesa og jkf= ugha fcrk ik
jgh gSaA
i|kuqokn
ikksadh vkgVls vkusdh tc 'kk gksrh
ltk vad e`nq 'kS;k lRoj mRlqd gS vfr gksrhA
dYi] rYi] ladYi Hkkoesa ;|fi my>h jgrh
rqe fcu ugha dkV ikrh fuf'k] ?kfM+;k fxurh jgrh
ckycksfkuhokldlTtkdh eu%fLFkfr;ksadk] vkdqy
f;k vkSj ps"Vkvksadk o.kZu djrhs gqbZ l[kh Jh".kls
dgrh gSJhjkkk ;ku vkfnds }kjk rqEgkjs lkFk je.k
djrh gqbZ Hkh vkils lk{kkr~ la;ksx izkIr ugha gksusds
dkj.k vfr fody gaSA gs ekko! esjh ojlqUnjh l[kh
vkids vkxeudh izR;k'kkesa vkidks vkd"kr djusokys
vkHkw"k.kksals vius Jhvksadks foHkwf"kr djrh gSaA r#&iYyo
tc lehjls vkUnksfyr gksdj [kM+[kM+krk gS] rks mls bl
ckrdh 'kk gksrh gS fd vki vk jgs gSaA iqu% vki
vo'; vk;saxs,slk lkspdjds fdly;ksals lstdh jpuk
djrh gSA vkiesa [kks;h gqbZ vkidh gh ckV tksgrh gqbZ
vkidk gh ;ku djrh gSaA vkidks ogk izLrqr u ns[kdj
vR;Ur nq%f[kr gks tkrh gSaA bl izdkj vykj&kkj.k]
vkids vkxeudh 'kk] vkids fuf'pr vkxeuds ladYils
'k;k&jpuk vkfn vusd izdkjdh f;kvksaesa rYyhu
jgdj Hkh vkids fcuk jkf=dk vfrokgu djusesa furkUr
vleFkZ gSaA
221
izLrqr 'yksdesa 'kknwZyfohfM+r NUn vkSj leqPp;

vykj gSA
d foJkE;fl ".k&Hkksfx&Hkous Hkk.Mhj&Hkweh#gsA

Hkzkr;kZfg u n`f"V&xkspjkfHkr% lkuUn&uUnkLine~
jkkk;k opua rnox&eq[kkuUnkfUrds xksirksA
xksfoUnL; t;fr lk;efrfFk&izk'kLR;&xHkkZ fxj%\
bfr JhxhrxksfoUns }kn'k% lUnHkZ%A
bfr JhxhrxksfoUns egkdkO;s okldlTtko.kZus k`"V&oSdq.Bks
uke "k"B% lxZ%
vUo;bnkuha dfo% ,r}.kZu&O;kdqy% rL; vfHklkjkr~
iwop
Z fjra dFk;u~ lxkZUrs vkf'k"ka iz;
q ~s gs Hkzkr% (ifFkd!)
".kHkksfx Hkous (".kliZL; vkJ;LFkkus_ i{ks lEHkksxfof'k"VL;
Jh".kL; Hkous fogj.kLFkkus) Hkk.Mhj&Hkweh#gs (Hkk.Mhj&o`{ks
y{k.k;k rnh;rys bR;FkZ%) d (dFka) foJkE;fl (foJkea
ekdq# bR;FkZ%) rg bnkuha Do ;kfe bR;r vkgbr%
(vLekr~ LFkkukr~) n`f"Vxkspja (brks n`';rs bfr Hkko%)
lkuUn&uUnkLina (vkuUnsu lg okZekua uUnL; vkLina x`ga_
i{ks mRloiw.kZekuUnfudsrua) d (dFka) u ;kfl ;su ro
'kk u Hkosfnfr Hkko%A jkkk;k% rr~ (,rr~) opue~
(lsrokD;e~) vox&eq[kkr~ (ifFkdonukr~] ifFkd&osf'kU;k
nwR;k eq[kkfnfr Hkko%) uUnkfUrds (uUnlehis) xksir%
(xksi;r%) xksfoUnL; lk;a (lU;kle;s) vfrfFk&izk'kLR;&xHkkZ
(vfrFksLrL;So izk'kLR;a iz'kalkfn:ia rnso xHkksZfHkizk;ks
;klka rk%) fxj% (okp%) t;fUr (Jhjkkk;k euksjFka
iwj;fUr) vr,o k`"V% izxYHkks oSdq.Bks ;= bR;k;a lxZ%
"k"B%
vuqoknJhjkkkus l[khdk foyEc ns[kdj Jh".kds
lehi cgkuk cukdj ,d nwrhdks HkstkA ml nwrhus
222
JhxhrxksfoUne~
lk;adky ifFkd os'kesa Jh".kds lehi vkdj Jhjkkkds

}kjk fn;s gq, bu ladsr okD;ksadks dgk^^Jhjkkkds ?kjesa
vfrfFk cuus ij mUgksaus eq>ls dgk fd gs Hkzkr! bl
Hkk.Mhj o`{kds rys foJke D;ksa dj jgs gks\ ;gk rks
Jh".k (dky) liZ jgrk gSA lkeus gh n`f"Vxkspj
gksusokys vkuUnizn uUnky;esa pys tkvksA rqe ogk D;ksa
ugha tk jgs gks\** dgha muds firk JhuUn egkjkt bu
ckrksadk HkkokFkZ le> u ysa] blfy, Jh".k muls xksiu
djusds fy, Jhjkkkthds }kjk izsfjr nwrdks tks kU;okn
fn;k gS] os okf.k;k t;;q gksaA
ckycksfkuhegkdfo t;nso bl 'yksdds }kjk vk'khokZn
nsrs gq, bl lxZdk milagkj djrs gSaA lk;adkyds
vfrfFkdh iz'kalkls ;q JhxksfoUndh okf.k;ksadh t; gksA
t;&t;dkjls Jh".kdh loksZR"Vrk fl gksrh gSA tSls
Jh".kus ifFkdds eqgls fu%l`r Jhjkkk&fo"k;d ckrdks
fNikusds fy, ifFkdls dgkgs HkkbZ! ;gk dkys liZds
?kjesa oVo`{kds uhps D;ksa foyki dj jgs gks\ ;gkls
lkeus gh n`f"Vxkspj gksusokys vkuUnizn uUnds ?kjesa pys
tkvks] tks FkksM+h gh nwjij fLFkr gSA
tc l[khdks ykSVusesa foyEc gksrk gqvk ns[kk rks
Jhjkkkus ,d nwrhdks dksbZ cgkuk cukdj Jh".kds lehi
HkstkA ml nwrhus lU;kds le; ifFkd os'kesa Jh".kds
lehi tkdj Jhjkkkds }kjk fn;s gq, tks ladsr okD; dgs
Fks] mldks xksiu djusds fy, Jh".kus tks iz'kalk;q
ok.kh dgh] mldh t; gksA
bfr JhxhrxksfoUnesa k`"V&oSdq.Buked "k"BlxZdh
ckycksfkuh o`fkA
yyy
lIre% lxZ%
ukxj&ukjk;.k%
v=kUrjs p dqyVk&dqy&oReZ&ikr
ltkr&ikrd bo LQqV&ykNu&Jh%A
oÙnkoukUrjenhi;na'kq&tkyS&
nDlqUnjh&onu&pUnu&fcUnqfjUnq%
vUo;v=kUrjs (vfLeu~ voljs ) fnd~ l q U njh&
onu&pUnu&foUnq% (fnd~ iwokZ lSo lqUnjh rL;k% onus
pUnu foUnqfjo bfr yqIrksiek) dqyVk&dqy&oReZikr&
ltkr&ikrd% bo (dqyVkuka dqyoReZu% dqykpkjkr~ ;%
ikr% ikru% rLekr~ ltkra ikrda rTtkr&jksxfo'ks"kks
;L; rFkk&Hkwr bo) LQqVykNuJh% (LQqVk) lqO;k
ykNuL; dyL; Jh% 'kksHkk ;fLeu~ rkn`'k%_ ;% [kyq
ikrdh Hkofr l jksxfo'ks"kfpfrks Hkorhfr Hkko%_ vusu
pUL; iw.kZizk;rk mk bUnq% (pU%) va'kqtkyS% (fdj.k
lewgS%) oÙnkoukUrje~ vnhi;r~
vuqoknJh".k Jhjkkkds lehi tkusds fy, lksp
gh jgs Fks fd brusesa iwoZ fn'kk:ih lqUnj okwds onu
deyesa pUnu&fcUnqds leku dqN gh nwjh ij tSls dqyVk
h dqykeZdk R;kx djus ij ftl fo'ks"kjksxdks ({k;jksx)
Hkksx djrh gS] mlds fpdh Hkkfr vius vesa dyaddks
kkj.k djrs gq, lqfLuXk fdj.kksads }kjk JhoÙnkou kkedks
vfr'k; lq'kksfHkr dj fn;kA
i|kuqokn
blh le; ^dqyVk dqy* dk ^ladsr&xeu* vojksksA
izdfVr dj ykNu&Jh viuh ikrddks ifj'kksks
oÙnkouds dqat e; vc bUnq va'klg gklsA
fn'kk&lqUnjhds eq[k ij T;ksa pUnu&fcUnq foykls
224
JhxhrxksfoUne~
ckycksfkuhekfufu;ksads ekudk [k.Mu djusokys iw.kZ

pUksn;&e.Mydk o.kZu djrs gq, dfo dgrs gSaftl
le; Jhjkkk Jh".kds fojgesa lUrIr gks jgh Fkha] mlh
le; iw.kZ pUekus oÙnkoudks viuh fdj.kksals izdkf'kr
dj fn;kA dqyVk&dkfefu;ksads ekxZesa ckkk mRiUu djusds
dkj.k ftl pUekdks iki yx x;k gS] og iki mldh
e`xykNuJhls Li"V izrhr gks jgk gSA vFkok iwoZ fn'kk
:ih lqUnjhds eq[ke.Mydks vyar djusokys pUnufcUnqdh
Hkkfr vius dydks kkj.kdj ml f}tjktus leLr
fn'kkvksadks vius izdk'kls vyar dj fn;kA vFkok
ftl izdkj pUnudk fcUnq lqUnjhds yykVdks leyar
djrk gS] mlh izdkj fn'kk:ih lqUnjhdks pUekus leyar
fd;kA
ikrd bonwljsds ekxZesa tks ckkk mRiUu djrk gS]
mls ikih ekuk tkrk gSA dqyVk, vius izsfe;ksals feyusds
fy, jkresa gh fudyrh gSaA vr% pUekds mfnr gksusls
vUkdkj izdkf'kr gksus yxrk gS] ftlls dkfefu;ksads
ekxZesa ckkk mRiUu gksrh gSA blhdk iki pUekesa
e`xykNuds :iesa izrhr gks jgk gSA
pUek ,d vksj rks ldy gS] nwljh vksj mUeq
fn'kkvksadk k`kjA
izLrqr 'yksdesa olUrfrydk NUn gS] :id rFkk
mRizs{kk vykj gSA
izljfr 'k'kkj&fcEcs fofgr&foyEcs p ekkos fokqjkA

fojfpr&fofok&foykia lk ifjrkia pdkjksPpS%
vUo;'k'kkj&foEcs (pUe.Mys) izljfr (mn~xPNfr)
ekkos (".ks) rfoyEcs (vkxeus foyEca rofrp)
lfr fokqjk (fojgkdqyk) jkkk mPpS% fojfpr&fofok&foykia
lIre% lxZ%ukxj&ukjk;.k%
225
(fojfpr% r% fofok% foyki% fofok'kk:i% ;fLeu~

rn~ ;Fkk rFkk) ifjrkia pdkj
vuqokn'k'kkj e.My iw.kZ :ils mfnr gks x;k gS]
ekko vkusesa foyEc dj jgs gSa] blhfy, Jhjkkk fojgeas
lUrIr gksdj fofok izdkjdk mPp&Lojls foyki djrh
gqbZ cgqr vfkd ifjrkfir gksus yxhaA
i|kuqokn
p<+rk pU xxuesa y[kdj gfj vkxeesa ckkkA
fcy[k fcy[k ifjrkie;h vfr jks mBrh gS jkkk
ckycksfkuhpUekds mfnr gksrs gh ekkods vkusdh
vk'kk {kh.k gksus yxh] vr,o Jhjkkk muds fojgls cM+h
lUrIr gks x;haA mlh lUrkidk o.kZu djrs gqbZ l[kh
dgrh gSvfr'k; fokqj Hkkols Jhjkkk cM+h lUrIr
gksdj mPp&Lojls foyki djus yxhaA pUekdk fcEc
foLrh.kZ gks jgk Fkk vkSj ekko Jhjkkkls feyusdks vkusds
fy, foyEc dj jgs Fks] O;kdqy Jhjkkk QwV&QwVdj
fcy[kus yxhaA
izLrqr 'yksdesa vk;kZ NUn gSA
=;ksn'k% lUnHkZ%
xhre~
ekyojkx&;frrkykH;ka xh;rsA
vuqokn;g rsjgok izcUk ekyo jkx rFkk ;fr
rkyesa xk;k tkrk gSA
dfFkr≤sfi gfjjgg u ;;kS ouaA

ee foQyfeneeyefi :i;kSoua
;kfe gs! dfeg 'kj.ka l[khtu&opu&ofprkkqoz e~!
vUo;vgg ([ksns) dfFkr≤s (fukZfjr≤s]
pUkuqn;&dkys bR;FkZ%) gfj% (eUeuksgj%) eUeuks Rok
226
JhxhrxksfoUne~
^^foQy :i ;kSou uo esjk tks u mUgsa ;g Hkk;sA**
227
bR;FkZ% ouefi u ;;kS dqrks=kxeufeR;FkZ% bna ee

:i;kSoua foeyefi (vuo|efi) rsu fcuk foQye~
(O;FkZe~)_ vr,o gs ukFk l[khx.k&opu&ofprk (".k
bg vfpjs.kSo Lo;ek;kL;rhfr l[khtuL; vk'oklopusu
ofprk foizyCkk) vge~ bg (vkquk) da 'kj.ka ;kfe
vuqoknesjk vey :i&;kSou O;FkZ gh gS] D;ksafd
ladsr&dkyesa gfj ouesa ugha vk;sA lf[k;ksals ofpr vc
eSa fdldh 'kj.kesa tk\
i|kuqokn
chr jgk ladsr≤ ij os u dqatesa vk;s
foQy :i ;kSou uo esjk tks u mUgsa ;g Hkk;sA
eSa Hkksyh Bx x;h l[khds vk'oklu opuksa esa
vc fdldh 'kj.kksaesa tk Hkwyh&lh liuksa esa
ckycksfkuhfojg&osnukdh vfr'k; rhozrkdk vuqHko
djrh gqbZ Jhjkkkdks vR;Ur lUrki gks jgk gSl[kh!
rqeus rks dgk Fkk eSa mUgsa vHkh ysdj vkrh gw] rqe ;gha
jgks] ij rqeus Hkh esjh izrkM+uk dj nhA pUksn;ls igys
;gk ladsr dqatesa vkusdh ckr Fkh] vc rks pUek xxuesa
vfkdkfkd mBrk tk jgk gS] rqEgkjs >wBs vk'okluksaus
eq>s Bx fy;k gSA esjk ;g fueZy&vuos| :i&;kSou
O;FkZ gh izrhr gksrk gSA ;fn ;s lkFkZd gksrs rks os vo';
;gk mifLFkr gksrsA
^vgg* inls Jhjkkkdk xgu d"V lwfpr gksrk gSA gs
'kCndk iz;ksx lEckskuijd gSA
;nuqxeuk; fuf'k xguefi 'khfyraA

rsu ee n;fenele'kj&dhfyre~
;kfe gs! dfeg---
vUo;;nuqxeuk; (;L; ".kL; vuqxeuk; fujUrja
lek;) fuf'k (jk=kS) x`gokla fogk; xguefi (fufoM+efi)
228
JhxhrxksfoUne~
oua 'khfyra (lsfore~)] rsu (".ksu gsrquk) bna ee

n;e~ vle'kj&dhfyra (vle&'kjs.k ipck.ksu dkesu
dhfyra furjka fofeR;FkZ%) gs ukFk l[khtu&ofprk bg
da 'kj.ka ;kehfr loZ= ;kstuh;e~
vuqokngk;! ftudk vuqlj.k djusds fy, eSa
bruh xgu fu'kkesa bl chgM+ ouesa Hkh vk x;h vkSj ogh
esjs n;dks dkeck.kksals csk dj jgk gSA gk;! eSa fdldh
'kj.kesa tk\
i|kuqokn
ftldh feyu&pkg ys bruh xgu fu'kkesa vk;hA
ogh n;dks enu&'kjksals Nsn jgk jh ek;h
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk dgrh gSa fd ftuds lkFk feyuds
fy, eSa ,dkUr futZu dkuuesa vk;h] mlhus esjs n;esa
dkedh dhy Bksd nh gS ;k dkedk dksbZ chteU= ,slk
dhfyr dj fn;k gS fd eSa dghadh ugha jghA ^vfi* ls
rkRi;Z gS ,slk eSaus igys dHkh ugha fd;k FkkA
ee ej.keso ojfefr&forFk&dsrukA
fdfefr fo"kgkfe fojgkuyepsruk
;kfe gs! dfeg---
vUo;vfr&forFk&dsruk (vfrforFka furkUrO;Fk
dsrua nsg% ;L;k% rkn`'kh) ".kfojgs.k vpsruk p
vge~ bg (vkquk) d (dFka) fojgkuya fo"kgkfe vr%
ej.keso oja (Js"Be~)
vuqokn;g 'kjhj kkj.k djuk O;FkZ gS] eq>s ej
tkuk pkfg,A eSa vpsr gks jgh gw] vc ;g nq%lg
fojgkuy dSls lgu d:\
i|kuqokn
fojg&vuyesa tyw dgk rd\ gqvk fokkrk okeA
ejuk gh vPNk gS vc rks] O;FkZ gqbZ cnuke
229
ckycksfkuheSa Hkz"V gks jgh gw] ftuds lkFk laxeds

fy, eSa ?kksj vUkdkjiw.kZ jkf=&dkyesa xEHkhj ouesa cSBh
jgh] foy vkSj vpsru gks x;h] eSa muds fojgls fdruh
vkhj gks jgh gw] eSa dgk tk] esjk rks ejuk gh vPNk
gS] fdruk fojg rki lgu d: eSa] vk'kkds lHkh ladsr
>wBs gks x;s gSaA esjk ;g 'kjhj O;FkZ gh gS] ugha rks gfj
,slh mis{kk ugha djrs] l[khdh ckrksaesa vkdj eSaus ;gk
vkusdk lkgl dj fy;k] ij esjs lkjs iz;kl O;FkZ gSa]
thuk O;FkZ gSA
ekegg fokqj;fr ekqj&ekq&;kfeuhA

dkfi gfjeuqHkofr r&lqr&dkfeuh
;kfe gs! dfeg---
vUo;vgg ([ksns ekqj&ekq;kfeuh) (ekqjk euksgkfj.kh
ekq;kfeuh oklUrh jkf=%) eka fokqj;fr (O;kdqyh djksfr_
;k oklUrh fu'kk nwjLFkefi fiz;a le;fr] lSo lqrkHkkokr~
eka fokqj;rhfr Hkko%)A dkfi rl`r&dkfeuh (ra
lqra ;;k rkn`'kh dkfeuh HkkX;orh je.kh) gfje~ vuqHkofr
(rsu lg jg%dsfylq[keuqHkorhR;FkZ%)
vuqoknvksg! ;g dSlk nqHkkZX; gS esjkA ;g lqekqj
olUrdh jkf= eq>dks fojg&osnukls vkhj dj jgh gS
vkSj mkj ,sls le;esa fuf'pr gh dksbZ dkfeuh vius
iq.;ds QyLo:i ije lq[kls Jh".kds lkFk jfrlq[kdk
vuqHko dj jgh gSA
i|kuqokn
bkj ekqj ;g jkr eq>s vc jg jg #yk jgh gSA
mkj vU; r lqr dkfeuh gfjdks Hkqyk jgh gS
ckycksfkuhvUrj&n;dh fodV fojg&osnukdks
vfHkO; djrh gqbZ Jhjkkk dgrh gSaijelq[kLo:ik
olUr rqdh ;s ljl jkf=;k eq>s vfr'k; O;fFkr dj
230
JhxhrxksfoUne~
jgh gSa] nwljh vksj dksbZ lqr'kkfyuh fd'kksjh Jh".kds

lkFk jfr&hM+kdk jlkLoknu dj jgh gSA ml foykfluhds
izseik'kesa ckdj je.k djrs gq, Jh".k bl ladsr&Hkwfe
ij ugha vk;sA fdruh lqfrdk vHkko gS\ eSa fojg&fokqjk
gksdj foyki dj jgh gw vkSj nwljh muds lkFk
jfr&lq[kdk vuqHko dj jgh gSA
fo'odks"kesa fokqjdk rkRi;Z ^fodyrk* ls gSA
vgg dy;kfe oy;kfn&ef.k&Hkw"k.ke~A

gfj&fojg&ngu&ogusu cgq&nw"k.ke~
;kfe gs! dfeg---
vUo;vgg] gfj&fojg&ngu&cgusu (gfjfojg ,o
nguks of% rL; ogusu kkj.ksu) oy;kfn&ef.k&Hkw"k.ka
(eRifjfgr&d.kkfn&jRukykj%) cgqnw"k.ka (cgwfu nw"k.kkfu
;L; rr~ vR;fkd&nks " kkoga ] fojgkuylUkq f {krRokr~
vfrDys'kdjfeR;FkZ%) dy;kfe (eU;s) fiz;koyksdQyksfg
h.kka os'k bR;qs%
vuqokngk;! ef.ktfM+r cy;kfn vkHkw"k.k leqnk;
esjs fojgkuydks mhfir djkdj eq>s v'ks"k nq%[k iznku
dj jgk gSA vr% ;g rks nks"k;q gh izrhr gks jgk gSA
i|kuqokn
ef.k&Hkw"k.k nw"k.k yxrs gSa]
fi; fcu dqN u lqgkrkA
ckycksfkuhvkg! lf[k! rqeus cM+k Ny fd;kA eSaus
iq"iksa&iYyoksa] ef.k;ksals lts brus vkHkw"k.kksals 'kjhjdks
ltk;k] ij lHkh gfjds fojgdh vkxesa vuy ln`'k gh
izrhr gks jgs gSaA enudh osnukls 'kjhj fojgkfXuesa rIr
gks jgk gSA vc ;s vkHkw"k.k ugha jgs] vfHk'kki gks x;s
gSa] D;ksafd fiz;ds voyksdudk Qy gh jef.k;ksadk lkSUn;Z
231
,oa ifjkku gS vFkok vykjdk fiz;Ro rks rHkh vuqHko

gksrk gS] tc dksbZ mudks izseiwoZd ns[kusokyk gksA vr%
buls fiz;Rodh izrhfr ugha] nks"kdh izrhfr gksrh gSA
dqlqe&lqdqekj&ruqeruq&'kj yhy;kA
xfi fn gfUr ekefrfo"ke&'khy;k
;kfe gs! dfeg---
vUo;dk dFkkU;Hkw"k.kkuke~rRizhR;S fn (n;s)
fufgrk d~ vfi (dqlqeekY;efi_ vfrlqdksey&
lq[kLi'kZeihfr Hkko%) vfrfo"ke'khy;k (vfrfo"kee~ vfrnk#.ka
'khya LoHkkoks ;L;kLrkn`';k_ vU;Lrq ck.k% {krqeqRik|
O;Fk;fr] dkeck.kLrq fo;u~ vUrHkukhfr fo"ke'khyRoeL;)
vruq&'kjyhy;k (dkeck.k&foyklsu) dqlqe&lqdqekj&ruqa
(dqle
q r% vfi lqde
q kjh ruq% ;L;k% rkn`'kha_ rRlgu&lkeF;Zefi
ukLR;L;k bR;FkZ%) eka gfUr (fuihM+;fr)
vuqokn(nwljs vkHkw"k.kksadh rks ckr gh D;k) esjs
o{k%LFkyij fLFkr ;g ouekyk vfr'k; dksey dqlqels
Hkh lqdqekj esjs 'kjhjdks Hkh dke&'kjdh Hkkfr fo"ke
:ils vk?kkr iznku dj jgh gSA
i|kuqokn
dqlqe nsg ij dqlqe gkj Fkk]
ogu ugha gks ikrkA
ckycksfkuhgs dkUr! nwljs vkHkw"k.kksadh ckr D;k
dgw] mudh izlUurkds fy, tks ouekyk n;ij kkj.k
djrh gw] ogh dkensodk v cudj esjs izk.k ys ysrh
gS] dke&ck.kdh Hkkfr n;dks cskus yxrh gS rFkk mldk
izgkj bruk fo"ke; vkSj vl gksrk gS fd dqlqels Hkh
vfr'k; lqdqekj nsg mldh fo"kerkdks lgu ugha dj
ikrh gSA ck.kksals 'kjhj {kr&fo{kr gksrk gS rks ekuks
232
JhxhrxksfoUne~
lkekU;&lh ihM+k gksrh gS] fdUrq bu dkeck.kksads }kjk cks

n;dh O;Fkk l ugha gksrhA
vgfeg fuoklkfe u xf.kr&ouosrlkA

Lejfr ekqlwnuks ;kefi u psrlk
;kfe gs! dfeg---
vUo;ekqlwnu% psrlk (eulk) vfi eka u Lejfr
vgks vfLFkj&lkSna ekqlwnuL;A vga iqu% Hkhfrex.k;
u xf.krou&osrlk (u xf.kra ouosrle~ vrhoDys'kdjfefr
Hkko%] ;;k rkn`'kh) bg (Hk;js ous) rRlekxekdk~{k;k
fuolkfe vgks es ew<+rk
vuqokneSa ;gk Hk;kud osrl ouesa Hkh fuHkZ;
gksdj Jh".kds fy, cSBh gw] fdUrq fdrus vk'p;Zdh
ckr gS fd os ekqlwnu eq>s ,d ckj Hkh Lej.k ugha
djrsA
i|kuqokn
ftuds fy, R;kx egyksadks cSBh osrl ouesaA
D;k vk ik;h lqfk Hkh esjh {k.k Hkj muds euesa
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk nSU; izdk'k djrh gqbZ dgrh gS
fd Jhekqlwnuls feyusds fy, l[khdh ckr ekudj eSa
bl Hk;j ouds Hkhrj fuHkZ; gksdj cSBh gw] ijUrq
ekqlwnudks esjh dksbZ fpUrk ugha gS] mudk lqn; cM+k
vfLFkj gS] cM+s vk'p;Zdh ckr gS fd bl chgM+ ouesa
ftuds fy, eSa izrh{kk dj jgh gw] os esjk ,d ckj Hkh
Lej.k ugha djrsA gk;! gk;! ;g esjk gh nqHkkZX; gSA
gfj&pj.k&'kj.k&t;nso&dfo&HkkjrhA
olrq fn ;qofrfjo dksey&dykorh
;kfe gs! dfeg---
233
vUo;dksey&dykorh (dkseyk ekkq;Zxq.klEikk

dykorh dfoRo&dyk&'kkfyuh p) gfj&pj.k&'kj.k&t;nso&
dfo&Hkkjrh (gfjpj.k&eso 'kj.ke~ vkJ;ks ;L;k% rFkkHkwrk
t;nsodos% Hkkjrh ok.kh) ;wuka n;s dkseydykorh
dkseyk e`}h dykorh jfr&dykfuiq.kk ;qofrfjo jlKkuka
Hkkuka fn (n;s) olrq
vuqokndksey oiqokyh euksgj yko.;orh dyk&
leyar ;qorh tSls lqUnj xq.kksaokys ;qodksads euesa lnk
fojkteku jgrh gS] oSls gh Jh".kds pj.kksads 'kj.kkxr
Jht;nso dfo}kjk fojfpr ;g lqyfyr xhfr Hktuksads
euesa lnk fojkteku gksA
i|kuqokn
eatqy oatqy yrk&dqatesa eq>s cqyk;s ,dkdhA
dgk foylus yxs Nyh os] >ydh fdldh >kdh
ckycksfkuht;nso dfo dgrs gSa fd muds j{kd
,dek= Jh".kds pj.k gh gSaA muls vyx mudk vkSj
dksbZ j{kd ugha gSA t;nso jfpr dfork dksey o.kZe;h
vkSj dkO;&lkS"Bodh dykvksals leyar gS;g dfork
Hkksads n;esa mlh izdkj LFkku izkIr djs] ftl izdkj
dksey oiqokyh rFkk k`kj vkfn jlouh Ng dykvksals
fof'k"V dksbZ lqUnjh vius uk;dds n;esa fojktrh gSA
;Fkk yko.; foHkwf"krk dksbZ ukf;dk vius uk;dds eudks
vR;fkd vkuUn iznku fd;k djrh gS] mlh izdkj ;g
dkO; Hkksads n;dks Hkh vkufUnr djs;g dfodh
dkeuk gSA
rRd dkefi dkfeuhefHkl`r% d ok dykdsfyfHk&

cZks cUkqfHkjUkdkfjf.k oukH;.ksZ fdeqn~HkzkE;frA
dkUr! DykUreuk eukxfi ifFk izLFkkrqesok{ke%
ladrs hr&etq&otqy&yrk&dqtsfi ;Uukxr%
234
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vUo;".kkxeu&foyEcs rdZ;frdkUr% (".k%)

lsrhr&etq&otqy&yrk&dqtsfi (lsrhra etq
euksKa ;r~ otqy&yrkuka osrlyrkuka dqta rfLekfi)
;r~ (;Lekr~) u vkxr% rr~ (rLekr~) d dkefi
(vfHkuo&izseoUkqjka) dkfeuhe~ vfHkl`r% (mixr%)\ e;so
n`<+kuqjkxkslkS dFkeU;kefHklkfj";rhfr fordkZUrjekgdok
oUkqfHk% (fe=S%) dykdsfyfHk% (dykuka xhrknhuka dsfyfHk%
hM+kdkS'kyS%) c% (vklhr%)_ rkfHklkjle;s
vLernfi u lEHkorhfr fofpUR; fordkZUrjekgekefHklju~
r:.kka uhjUkzr;k vUkdkfjf.k oukH;.ksZ (ouizns'ks) fde~
mn~ H kz k E;fr iUFkkuefofnRos f r Hkko%_ prq j f'kjks e .ks %
lg'kksuqHkwrLFkys Hkze% dFka L;kfnfr fofpUR; fuf'puksfr
DykUreuk% (ef}'ys"knq%[ksu pUksn;kuUrja rL;k% dk n'kk
Hkosfnfr fpUr;k p DykUre~ mirIra euks ;L; rkn`'k%)
lu~ ifFk eukxfi (vYiefi) izLFkkrqe~ v{ke ,o
vuqoknladsr LFky :iesa fun"V euksgj yrkdqtesa
esjs izk.koYyHk Jh".k D;ksa ugha vk;s\ bldk D;k
jgL; gS\ D;k os fdlh nwljh dkfeuhds lkFk vfHklkj
djus pys x;s\ D;k vius l[kkvksads lkFk hM+k&vkeksnesa
izek gks fun"V le;dk mUgksaus vfre.k dj fn;k gS\
D;k l?ku o`{kksd
a h Nk;kesa ?kksj vUkdkjds dkj.k ladr
s &LFkyh
u feyus ij bkj&mkj HkVd jgs gSa\ D;k esjs fojgesa
vR;Ur DykUr gks ,d dne Hkh py ikusesa vleFkZ gks
x;s gSa\
i|kuqokn
vFkok vk;s ;gha gk; ij] NkbZ vfr vfk;kjh]
;gk&ogk D;k eq>s [kkstrs] HkVd jgs ouokjh\
Jhgfj&pj.k&'kj.k ^dfo t;*dh izenk le e`nqok.kh
Hkksads Hkkoqd n;ksaesa
xwt
mBs dY;k.kh
235
ckycksfkuhJh".kds ladsr LFky ij u vkusds

dkj.k fojfg.kh jkfkdk eu&gh&eu fdrus izdkjds
lUnsg&la'k; dj jgh gSamuds u vkusdk dkj.k D;k gks
ldrk gS\ eu% dfYir lUnsgksadks izLrqr djrh gqbZ
Jhjkkk dgrh gS] ;g euksgj osrl&yrkx`g ge nksuksads
feyudk ladsr&LFkku Fkk] fQj mUgsa D;k gks x;k\ os
D;ksa ugha vk;s\ D;k os nwljh ukf;dkds lkFk vfHklkj
djus pys x;s\ ij esjs izfr mudk vuqjkx de dSls gks
ldrk gS\ eq>s ;gk ,sls gh NksM+dj os vU;= fogkj dSls
dj ldrs gSa\ D;k dsfyijk;.k vkSj dykijk;.k muds
ckUkoksaus mUgsa ;gk vkusls jksddj hM+kofuesa gh j[k
fy;k\ ;g Hkh laHko ugha gS] D;ksafd os vfHklkjds
le;dks fdl izdkj Hkwy ldrs gSa\ ,slk yxrk gS os
prqj pwM+kef.k vUkdkjdh vfkdrkds dkj.k eq>dks
izkIr u dj ldusds dkj.k eq>s bkj&mkj <w<+ jgs gksa]
ij os rks bl ouesa vfHklkjds fy, fdruh gh ckj vk;s
gksaxs! os ifjfpr iFk dSls Hkwy ldrs gSa\ ;g Hkh laHko
ugha gSA rks D;k os eq>ls fofPNk gksusls DykUr gksdj
pyusesa gh vleFkZ gks x;s gSa\ vFkok pUksn;ds i'pkr~
Jhjkkkdh n'kk dSlh gksxh] ;g lkspdj foPNsn nq%[kls
dkrj gksdj ;gk ugha vk;s\
izLrqr inesa 'kknwZyfohfM+r NUn rFkk la'k; uked
vykj gSA
vFkkxrka ekkoeUrjs.k l[khfe;a oh{; fo"kknewdke~A

fo'keuk jfera d;kfi tuknZua n`"Vonsrnkg
bfr =;ksn'k% lUnHkZ%A
vUo;pUksn;su Jh".kkxeuizfroUks lfr ra fcuk
l[;k vkxeus rL;k foiz y CkkoLFkka o.kZ f ;rq e kg
foizyCkky{k.ka ;Fkk^^fiz;%Rokfi lsra ;L;k uk;kfr
236
JhxhrxksfoUne~
lfkfke~A fizyCksfr lk Ks;k furkUreoekfurkAA** bfr

lkfgR;niZ.ksAA vFk (fordkZuUrja) ekkoe~ vUrjs.k (gj
fcuk) vkxrka vr% fo"kkneqdka (nq%[kkfr'k;su oqe'kke~
vr&dk;ZRokfnR;FkZ%) l[kha oh{; b;a (jkkk) tuknZua
d;kfi jfera n`"Vor~ (n`"Vfeo) fo'kekuk lrh ,rr~
(o{;ek.ka opue~) vkg
vuqoknekkods fcuk l[khdks vk;k ns[k fo"k..k
fpkls ekSu kkj.kdj Jhjkkk vk'kafdr gksdj lkspus
yxhatuknZu fdlh vkSj dkfeuhds lkFk je.k dj jgs gSa
D;k\
ckycksfkuhpUksn; gks tkusds dkj.k Jhjkkk] Jh".kds
ladsr&LFky ij u vkusds fdrus gh dkj.kksadk vuqeku
dj jgh Fkha vkSj l[khdks Jh".kds fcuk ykSVrh ns[kdj
og foizyCkk fLFkfrdh ijkdk"Bkdks izkIr gks x;haA nk#.k
osnukds dkj.k dqN Hkh cksyusesa vleFkZ gks x;haA l[kh
Hkh fo"k..k voLFkkdks izkIr dj vokd~ FkhA l[khdks ekSu
ns[kdj ;g vuqeku yxk fy;k fd cztjktuUnu fdlh
vU; ukf;dkds lkFk je.k djrs gq, ns[kusds dkj.k gh
;g mnkl ,oa ekSu gSa] blfy, dqN cksy ugha jgh gSaA
Jhjkkk foyki dj mBhatuknZu gSa uyksxksadks ihM+k nsuk
gh rks mudk dke gSvr% eq>s Hkh ihfM+r dj jgs gSaA
foizyCkk ukf;dkfujUrj vfHkor vuqjkxds dkj.k
ukf;dk nwrhdks Hkstdj igys fdlh ladsr&LFky ij igqp
tkrh gS] ijUrq nSo;ksxls fun"V le; chr tkusij Hkh
uk;d ogk mifLFkr u gks rks og ukf;dk foizyCkk
dgykrh gSA
izLrqr 'yksdesa misUotzk NUn gSA
237
vFk prqnZ'k% lUnHkZ%A
xhre~
olUrjkx;frrkykH;ka xh;rsA
vuqokn;g pkSngok izcUk olUr jkx rFkk ;fr
rkyds }kjk xk;k tkrk gSA
lej&lejksfpr&fojfpr&os'kk]
nfyr&dqlqe&nj foyqfyr ds'kkA
dkfi ekqfjiq.kk
foylfr ;qofrjfkdxq.kkkqzoe~
vUo;gs lf[k Lej&lejksfpr&fojfpr&os'kk (LejlejL;
mfprks fojfprks os'kks ;;k lk) rr'p j.kkos'ksu nfyr&
dqlqe&nj&foyqfyr&ds'kk (nfyrkfu foenrkfu dqlqekfu
;sH;% rkn`'kk% njfoyqfyrk% bZ"kf}Lrk% ds'kk ;L;k% rkn`'kh)
dkfi vfkdxq.kk (eksfi vfkdxq.korh) ;qofr% ekqfjiq.kk
lg foylfr
vuqoknlf[k! enu&lejds ;ksX; os'kHkw"kkdk ifjkku
fd;s gq, vkSj vu&jlds vkos'kesa dcjh&cUku vkyqykf;r
gksus (fc[kj tkus) ds dkj.k dqqlqelewg foxfyr gksusls
foenr ds'kksaokyh eq>ls Hkh vfkd xq.k'kkfyuh dksbZ
;qorh ekqfjiqds lkFk lq[kiwoZd foykl dj jgh gSA
i|kuqokn
Lej&lejksfpr&fojfpr&os'kkA
xfyr&dqlqe&oj&foyqfyr&ds'kk
'kksfHkr gS ;qorh jh dksbZA
gfj ls foyl jgh tks [kksbZ
ckycksfkuhvk'kafdrk Jhjkkk l[khls dgrh gSags
lf[k! eq>ls Hkh vfkd dksbZ lqUnj je.kh dke&laxzkeds
vuqdwy os'k kkj.kdj ekqfjiqds lkFk foykl dj jgh gSA
238
JhxhrxksfoUne~
jfrhM+kesa mlds ds'kik'k <hys gksdj bkj&mkj ygjk jgs

gSa] mlesals xzafFkr iq"i Hkh >j x;s gSaA
ekqfjiqJh".k ekkq;Zds 'k=q gSa] mudks ekkq;Zdk
Hkku gh ugha gSA blfy, os esjh mis{kk djds fdlh nwljh
;qorhds lkFk jfrfoyklesa fyIr gSaA
;qofrjfkdxq.kkog oztje.kh eq>ls Hkh vfkd
xq.k'kkfyuh gS] ij ;g rks laHko gh ugha gSA vfkd
xq.kksadk O;axkFkZ gSde xq.kksaokyh ;qorh je.k dj jgh gS]
;g cM+s vk'p;Zdh ckr gSA blls foijhr jfr lwfpr
gksrh gSA foijhr jfresa ;qorhdk gh jfrdr`ZRo jgrk gSA
Lejlejjfrdsfydks Lej&lej dgk x;k gSA jfrhM+kesa
jfr&foenZu vkfn f;k gksrh gS] ftlls ukf;dkdk dcjh
cUku [kqy tkrk gS] mlesa lfUufgr iq"i >j tkrs gSa]
fokà[kfyr gks tkrs gSaA
gfj&ifjjEHk.k&ofyr&fodkjkA
dqp&dy'kksifj rjfyr&gkjk
dkfi ekqfjiq.kk---
vUo;vr%ija "kM~fHk% rkeso fof'kuf"V gfj&ifjjEHk.k&
ofyrfodkjk (gjs% ifjjEHk.ksu vkfyusu ofyr% jfpr%
fodkj% jksekpkfn&dket&fofr;ZL;k% rkn`'kh) rFkk
dqp&dylksifj (LrudqEHk;ks#ifj) rjfyr&gkjk (rjfyr%
vkUnksfyr% gkjks ;L;kLrkn`'kh) dkfi vfkdxq.kk bR;kfn
izR;sdsu ;kstuh;e~
vuqoknJh".kdk izxk<+ :ils vkfyu djusij
enu&fodkjls foeksfgr mlesa jksekap vkfn fodkj mRiUu
gks x;s gksaxs vkSj mlds dqpdy'kksa ij gkj nksyk;eku gks
jgk gksxkA
i|kuqokn
gfj&ifjjaHk.k&ofyr&fodkjkA
dqp&dy'kksifj&rjfyr&kkjk
239

gfjls foyl jgh tks [kksbZ
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk vkuqekfud rkSj ij ml je.khdh
ps"Vkvksadks fpf=r djrs gq, dgrh gSa fd Jh".kds }kjk
vkfyfr gksul
s s ml ;qorhesa dkeksfpr jksekapkfn enu&fodkj
mwr gks x;s gksaxsA dy'k ljh[ks mUur Lruksaij gkj
nksyk;eku gks jgk gksxkA gkjdh ppyrk jfrdkyesa
;qorh }kjk jfrdrZ`Ro vFkok foijhr jfresa gh laHko gSA
fopyny&dyfyrkuu&pUkA
rnkj&iku jHkl&r&rUk
dkfi ekqfjiq.kk---
vUo;fopynyd&yfyrkuu&pUk (fopyf% vydS%
pw.kZdqUryS% yfyr% lqUnj% vkuueso pUks ;L;kLrkn`'kh)
rFkk rnkj&iku&jHkl&r&rUk (rL; ".kL; vkjiku&
jlHksu vkjikukos'ksu rk rUk vkuUn&fuehyua ;L;k%
rkn`'kh)
vuqoknmldk eq[kpU ?kq? kjkyh vydkofy;ksl
a s lqyfyr
gks jgk gksxk vkSj Jh".kdh vkj&lqkkdk iku djusdh
vfr'k; ykylkds dkj.k u;u;qxy vkuUniwoZd fuehfyr
gks jgs gksaxsA
i|kuqokn
vyd&yfyr e`nq vkuu pUkA
vkj&iku&eqn vfkr rUk
ckycksfkuhml je.khdk eq[kpU papy vydkofy;ksd
a s
dkj.k vkSj Hkh vfkd 'kksHkk'kkyh nh[krk gksxkA jfr
dkyesa Jh".kdh vkj&lqkkdk iku dj jfrtU; vkuUnesa
240
JhxhrxksfoUne~
fueXu vk[ksa cUn djds og diV fukdk feF;k

vfHku; dj jgh gksxhA
ppy&dq.My&yfyr&diksykA
eq[kfjr&jlu&t?ku&xfr&yksyk
dkfi ekqfjiq.kk---
vUo;ppy&dq.My&yfyr&diksyk (ppykH;ka
rnkj&ikukos'kkfnfr Hkko% dq.MykH;ka yfyrkS ijeeuksgjkS
diksykS ;L;k% lk) rFkk eq[kfjr&jlu&t?ku&xfr&yksyk
(eq[kfjrk 'kCnk;ekuk jluk dkph ;fLeu~ rkn`'kL;
t?kuL; xfr% r;k yksyk piyk)
vuqokndq.My&;qxy ppy gksusij mlds diksy&
rydh 'kksHkk vkSj Hkh c<+ jgh gksxh] dfVrV ij
fojkteku ef.ke; es[kykdh {kq ?kf.Vdk, mlds t?ku
LFky ij vkUnksfyr gksusds dkj.k lqekqj:ils eq[kfjr gks
jgh gksaxhA
i|kuqokn
papy dqaMy yfyr diksykA
eq[kfjr jlu t?ku xfr yksyk
ckycksfkuhjfrhM+kesa layXu mlds dq.My&;qxyksadk
vkUnksfyr gksuk LokHkkfod gh gSblls mlds diksyksadh
euksgjrk vkSj Hkh c<+ x;h gksxh] es[kykesa layXu ?kq?k:
ckj&ckj ctrs gksaxs] tk?kksadk lnk lapyu gksusds dkj.k
og vfr papy izrhr gksrh gksxhA
nf;r&foyksfdr&yfTtr&gflrkA
cgqfok&dwftr&jfr&jl jflrk
dkfi ekqfjiq.kk---
241
vUo;nf;r&foyksfdr&yfTtr&gflrk (nf;rL; fiz;L;

foyksfdrsu oh{k.ksu&yfTtra yTtk;qa gflra gkL;a ;L;k%
rFkksk) rFkk cgqfok dwftr&jfr&jl&jflrk (cgqfoka
ikjkorkfnor~ dwftra ;L;ka rkn`'kh ;k jfr% rL;k jlsu
vkLoknsu jflrk jliw.kkZ)
vuqoknnf;r Jh".kds }kjk voyksfdr gksus ij
og yfTtr gksrh gksxh] glrh gksxh] jfrdkyesa jfrjljflrk
gksdj dksfdy dygalkfnds leku enufodkj lwpd
^lhRdkj* 'kCn djrh gksxhA
i|kuqokn
gfj&vkyksfdr&yfTtr&gflrkA
cgq fofk dwftr jfr&jl&jflrk
ckycksfkuhfiz;re Jh".k tc rÌr gksdj mldh
vksj ns[krs gksaxs] rc og yfTtr gksdj xnZu >qdk ysrh
gksxh] glrh gksxh] jfrjlkfrjsdds dkj.k og if{k;ksadksfdy]
dygalds leku fofok izdkjdh ekqj lhRdkj ofu
djrh gksxhA
foiqy&iqyd&i`Fkq&osiFkq&HkkA
'oflr&fuehfyr&fodlnuk
dkfi ekqfjiq.kk---
vUo;foiqy&iqyd&i`Fkq&osiFkq&Hkk (foiqyk% iqydk%
i`Fkq% egku~ osiFkq% dEi'p rs"kka Hkk% rjk% ;L;k%
rkn`'kh) rFkk 'oflr&fuehfyr&fodlnuk ('oflrsu
fuehfyrsu p fodlu~ vkfoHkZou~ vu% enu% ;L;k%
rkn`'kh)
vuqoknvuax&jlls iqyfdr gks mlds jksekap ,oa
242
JhxhrxksfoUne~
dEi gh mlds rjaxds leku gSaA l?ku fu%'okl ,oa

us=&fuehyuds }kjk og enu&vkos'k izdkf'kr djrh gksxhA
i|kuqokn
foiqy iqyd i`Fkq osiFkq HkaxkA
'oflr fuehfyr mfnr vuaxk
ckycksfkuhjfrdkyesa iqydkofy;ksal]s dEiuls] LojHkax
gksusls og yEch&yEch 'oklksPN~okl djrh gksxh] vkuUn
izkfIr gksus ij vk[ksa ewn ysrh gksxh] ftlls mldk dke
fodflr gksrk gksxkA
osiFkqHkkizLrqr 'yksdesa jksekp rFkk dEidks rjax
ln`'k blfy, crk;k gS fd ftl izdkj tyk'k;esa ,dds
ckn nwljh rjax mRiUu gksrh gS] mlh izdkj mlds 'kjhjesa
Hkh jksekap rFkk dEi mkjkskj mRiUu gksrs gksaxsA
Jety&d.k&Hkj&lqHkx&'kjhjkA
ifjifrrksjfl jfr j.k&khjk
dkfi ekqfjiq.kk---
vUo;Je&ty&d.k&Hkj&lqHkx&'kjhjk (Jetyd.kHkjs.k
lqjrJetkr&LosnokfjfcUnqlewgsu lqHkxa lqUnja 'kjhja ;L;k%
lk) rFkk jfrj.kkhjk (lqjrlaxzkes khjk if.Mrk) fu%lgrk&
foLe` r &Lokkuq l Ukkur;k mjfl (dkUrL; o{kfl)
ifjifrrk
vuqoknjfrjlfuiq.k og dkfeuh lqjr&hM+k tU;
ilhusdh cwnksals vkSj Hkh lqUnj yxrh gksxh] jfrf;kesa kS;Z
kkj.k djusokyh og jfrJeJkUrk Jh".kds o{k%LFky ij
fuifrrk gksdj fdruh 'kksHkk ik jgh gksxhA
243
i|kuqokn
Jety d.k Hkj lqHkx 'kjhjkA
gfj&mj ifrr lqjfr j.kkhjk
ckycksfkuhvuax vkos'kesa og iw.kZ :ils Fkd x;h
gksxhA lqjrk;kltU; JefcUnqvksals mldk eq[kkjfoUn dSlk
pedrk gksxk\ Lo;adks foLe`r gksdj lqjrf;k:ih j.kesa
n{k og Jh".kds o{k%LFkyij fxj x;h gksxh] mldh
'kksHkk dSlh vqr gks jgh gksxhA
Jht;nso&Hkf.kr&gfj&jfere~ A
dfy&dyq"k tu;rq ifj'kfere~
dkfi ekqfjiq.kk---
vUo;Jht;nso&Hkf.kr&gfj&jfera (Jht;nsosu Hkf.ra
;r~ gfjjfera gjs% je.ka) Hkkuka dfydyq"ka (dkekfnda)
ifj'kfera tu;rq
vuqokndfo t;nso }kjk o.kr ;g gfj&je.k&foykl
:i jfrhM+k lcdk dfy&dYe"k vFkkZr~ dkeoklukdks
'kkUr djsA
i|kuqokn
Jht;nso dfFkr ;g yhykA
dfy&ey lgt fouk'ku'khyk
ckycksfkuhxhrxksfoUnds bl pkSngosa izcUkdk uke
gfjjferpEid'ks[kj gSA bl izcUkesa foijhr jfrdk o.kZu
gSA jfr&O;kikjdk ;g o.kZu vfr ifo= gSA ;g ikBdksa
rFkk Jksrkvksads dfynks"ktU; dke&fodkjdk iz{kkyu djsA
244
JhxhrxksfoUne~
fojg&ik.Mq&eqjkfj&eq[kkEcqt|qfrj;a frj;Uufi osnuke~A

fokqjrho ruksfr euksHkqo% lqn;s n;s enuO;Fkke~
bfr prqnZ'k% lUnHkZ%A
vUo;vFk pUa i';Urh ra Jh".keq[kRosu mkO;
r= vU;;k lg okZekuL;kfi ef}jgs.k ik.MqRoLQq;kZ
LofLeu~ rL; vfriz.kf;rka LejUrh pUekf{kifrv;s
([ksn)s euksHkqo% (dkeL;) lqr~ (fe=Hkwr%) fojgik.Mq&eqjkfj&
eq[kkEcqt|qfr% (fojgs.k ee foPNsnsu ik.Mq ;r~ eqjkjs%
".kL; eq[kkEcqta rL; |qfrfjo |qfr;ZL; rFkkHkwr%) vr,o
osnuka (lUrIrkuka euksO;Fkka) frj;kfi (vkPNkn;u~
fujkdqoZ kihR;FkZ%_ pUn'kZuus Jh".keq[kn'kZutfurkuUnykHkkfnfr
Hkko%) v;a fokq% (pU%) n;s vrho enuO;Fkka (".kL;
vn'kZu&tfurkfefr Hkko%) ruksfr (foLrkj;fr) enu&lqosu
rUeq[kLekjdr;k pUks eka O;Fk;rhR;fHkizk;%
vuqoknfiz; lf[k! esjs fojgesa ik.Mqo.kZ gq, Jheqjkjhds
eq[kdeydh dkfUrds leku kwlfjr ;g pUek esjh
euksO;Fkkdks frjksfgr dj dkensods lqnHkwr esjs n;esa
enu&lUrkidh vfHko`f dj jgk gSA
ckycksfkuhJhjkkkus foyki djrs gq, lkjh jkr
fcrk;hA tc pUekdks vLrkpydh vksj tkrs ns[kk] rc
vius izfr Jh".kds iwoZjkxdk Lej.k dj viuh fiz;
l[khls dgus yxhvjs lf[k! fdrus d"Vdh ckr gSA
;g tks pUek gS] lUrIr O;f;ksadh fojg&O;Fkkdks vkSj
Hkh c<+k jgk gSA vc ;g vLrfer gks jgk gS] ftlls esjk
enurki frjksfgr gks jgk gSA blds ik.Mqo.kZdks ns[kdj
eq>s Jhgfjds eq[kdeydk Lej.k gks jgk gSesjs fojgesa
os dSls fu"izk.k gks x;s gksaxs\ vU; izdkjls vuqeku
djrh gqbZ dgrh gSa fd Jhgfj esjk ifjR;kx dj fdlh
nwljh je.khds lkFk je.k dj jgs gSa] blfy, mudh <yrs
pUek tSlh dkfUr gks x;h gS] ;gh dkj.k gS fd n;esa
lUrki vkSj vfkd xgjk x;k gSA
245
ipn'k% lUnHkZ%A
xhre~
xqtZjhjkxSdrkyhrkysu xh;rsA
vuqoknxhr&xksfoUn dkO;dk ;g iUgok izcUk
xqtZjh jkx rFkk ,drkyh rkyls xk;k tkrk gSA
bl xhfresa Jh".kds lkFk foykl djusokyh je.khdks
Lokkhu&HkkZ`dkds :iesa fn[kk;k x;k gS] tks ;equk&iqfyuesa
Jh".kds lkFk foykl&ijk;.kk gSA
leqfnr&enus je.kh&onus pqEcu&ofyrkkjsA

e`xenfryda fy[kfr liqyda e`xfeo jtuhdjs
jers ;equk&iqfyu&ous fot;h eqjkfjjkqukkqzoe~
vUo;iquLrL;k ,o Lokkhu&Hkk`ZdkRoa lwp;u~
rYyhykfo'ks"kekgvkquk (bnkuha) fot;h (t;'khy%
e.Mukfn&dkS'kysu lokZfr'kk;h) eqjkfj% (Jhgfj%) ;equkiqfyuous
(;equk;k% iqfyuokfu dkuus) r;k lg jers (hM+fr)_
rFkkp leqfnrenus (leqfnr% lE;d~ o`xr% enu%
;Lekr~ rfLeu~ dkekshids bR;FkZ%_ pUi{ksfi l ,okFkZ%)
pqEcu&ofyrkkjs (onui{ks fryda fyf[kRok lkfona
onufeR;qDRok pqEcuk; ofyrk foU;Lr% vkjks ;=]
pUi{ks pqEcusu ofyrks ;qkskj% ;Lekr~ bR;FkZ%) je.kh&onus
(rL;k ,o dkfeU;k% onus) jtuhdjs (pUs) e`xfeo
liqyda (ljksekpa Li'ksZu tkrjksekpa ;FkkL;kr~ rFkk)
e`xenfryda (e`xenL; dLrwfjdk;k% fryda) fy[kfr
(nnkfr)
vuqoknjfrj.kesa fot;h ekqfjiq ;equk&iqfyuds ouesa
fiz;kds lkFk je.k dj jgs gSa] iqydkofy;ksals iw.kZ dkedh
mhiu&Lo:ik ml je.khds onuesa pUe.Myds ij
e`xykNudh Hkkfr dLrwjh fryddh jpuk dj jgs gSa ,oa
jksekfpr gks mldk pqEcu dj jgs gSaA
246
JhxhrxksfoUne~
i|kuqokn
;equ&iqfyuds l?ku dqatesa jers vkt eqjkjhA
fiz;dh vej lqgkfxfu gksdj thrh ckth gkjh
jprs e`xen fryd iqyd dj enu&eqfnr eq[k mldsA
pqEcu ofyr vkj yxrs gSa] ekqj jlkrqj ftlds
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk viuh dYiukvksads forkuesa izyki
djrh gqbZ dgrh gSa(fojgessa Hkko&us=ksa }kjk viuh iwoZ
yhykdk Lej.k dj mlhdk o.kZu djrh gSa) bl dkelaxzkeesa
ekqfjiq eq>s ijkHkwrdj bl le; fudqatesa fot;&mRlo
euk jgs gSaA Jhjkkk ml dkYifud je.khdk Lo:i crkrs
gq, dgrh gSa fd ;equkiqfyuds ouesa Jh".k e.Mukfn
dyk&dkS'kyds }kjk ml je.khds lkFk hM+k dj jgs gSaA
ml je.khds eq[k&dey ij e`xenls fryddh jpuk dj
jgs gSa] ftlls og vfr iqyfdr gks jgh gSA pqEcudh
vfHkyk"kkls Jh".kus mldk eq[k vius lEeq[k dj fy;k
gS] mlesa dke iw.kZ :ils mfnr gks x;k gS] Jh".k Hkh
vfr jksekfpr gks jgs gSa] os viusdks laHkky ugha ik jgs
gSa] cM+h dfBukbZls Vs<+k&es<+k fryd jp jgs gSaA mldh
'kksHkk ,slh gks jgh gS] ekuks pUe.Myds ij e`xykNu
gksA mlds vkj ,oa eq[ke.My ij pqEcu djusls
Jh".kds vkj&iqVksaesa ml fryddk fp vfr gks x;k
gSA
?kup;&#fpjs jp;fr fpdqjs rjfyr&r#.kkuusA

dq#cd&dqlqea piyk&lq"kea jfrifr&e`x&dkuus
jers ;equk&iqfyu ous-----
vUo;u dsoya rL;k onus fryda fy[kfr
vfirq?kup;&#fpjs (es?kp;or~ #fpjs 'kksHkus) rjfyr&
r#.kkuus (rjfyra] ppfyra rn~xq.ko.kZus eq[kjhrfeR;FkZ%
247
r#.kL; Jhgjs% vkuua eq[ka ;su r=) rFkk jfrifr&e`xdkuus

(jfrifr% dke,o e`x% rsu lnkfJrRokr~ rL; dkuus
fopj.kLFkkus] dkekshids bfrHkko%) rL;k% fpdqjs (dqUrys)
piyk&lq"kea (piyk;k fo|qrbo lq"kek ijek 'kksHkk ;L;
rkn`'ka) dq#cddqlqea (jf>.Vhiq"ia) jp;fr (rRiq"iS%
rL;k% dojha xzFukrhR;FkZ%)
vuqoknenu&e`xds fogkj&dkuu&Lo:i ml ;qofrds
es?k&lewgds leku euksgj dqUry (ds'kik'k) gSa] ftlls
mldk r#.k d#.k vkuu lrr mYyflr gksrk gS] muesa
os dq#od dqlqe lfUuosf'kr dj jgs gSaA
i|kuqokn
xksjs eq[kij ';ke frydus ,slh gh Nfo kkjhA
fejx lkFk T;ksa f[ky mBrh gS pUnkdh mft;kjh
piyls] dq#cd dqlqeksals] lty es?kls dkys
ds'kksadks mlds ltrs
gSa]
Hkhxsls erokys
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk viuh l[khls Jh".kdh k`kj&
hM+kdk fooj.k djrh gqbZ dgrh gSamUgksaus dsoy mlds
yykV ij gh fryd jpuk dh gks] dsoy ,slk gh ugha
gS] vfirq dusj iq"iksals mlds ds'kksadh Hkh lTtk dh gSA
mlds cky bl izdkj dkys] fLuXk] ?kus ,oa ?kq?kjkys gSa]
ekuks dksbZ lty es?kksadk lewg gksA og ds'kik'k ,slk
yxrk gS] ekuks dkenso:ih e`xds fuHkZ; ?kweusds fy,
?kuk dkuu gksA bl ds'kik'kds voyksdu ek=ls gh
;qodksadk eu ppy gks tkrk gSA Jhgfjds }kjk je.khds
ds'kik'kesa lqlfTtr dq#odds iq"i fo|qrdh vfr'k;
NVkdks kkj.k dj jgs gSaA
248
JhxhrxksfoUne~
?kV;fr lqkus dqp&;qx&xxus e`xen&#fp#f"krsA

ef.kljeeya rkjd&iVya u[k&in&'kf'k&Hkwf"krs
vUo;lq?kus (fufoM+s_ 'kksHkues?k;qs p) u[kin&'kf'k&
Hkwf"krs (u[kina u[k{kra rnso 'k'kh rsu Hkwf"krs) rFkk
e`xen&#fp&:f"krs (e`xenL; dLrwfjdk;k% ;k #fp% dkfUr%
r;k :f"krs ezf{krs_ xxui{ks dLrwjhnhIR;So ezf{krs) dqp;qx&xxus
(dqp;qxeso o`gokr~ xxua (r=) veya (fueZye~ mTToyfefr
;kor~) ef.klja (eqkgkja) ,o rkjd&iVya (u{k=jkt)
?kV;fr (;kst;fr)
vuqoknml lqds'khds xk<+ uhyo.kkZ dLrwjhdh kwfyls
#f"kr (foysfir) ijLij furkUr lfUufgr fo'kky dqp;qx&
e.My:i xxu tks vZpUkdkj u[k{krls ifj'kksfHkr gS]
ml ij fueZy rkjd&nyds leku euksgj ef.ke; gkjdks
vir dj jgs gSaA
i|kuqokn
e`xen&jaftr dqp&;qx&xxus] u[kin 'kf'kls foylsA
ped jgs ef.k&gkj vey vfr] pe&pe rkjd&nyls
;equ&iqfyuds l?ku dqatesa]
jers
vkt eqjkjhA
fiz;dh vej lqgkfxfu gksdj] thrh ckth gkjh
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk dg jgh gSa fd u[kds vZpUkdkj
fpksals foHkwf"kr ml je.khds o{kLFkyij ef.k;ksadh ekyk:i
rkjklewg foU;Lr dj jgs gSaA vkdk'k rFkk Lru};esa ,d
fofp= gh euksje vfUofr gSA
dqp;qxxxusnksuksa Lru ml izdkj foLr`r gSa] tSls
vkdk'k foLr`r gksrk gSA vkdk'kds fcEcls Lruksads
ihuRodh izrhfr djk;h x;h gSA
lq?kusijLij lfUufgr ml ukf;dkds Lru vfr
dBksj gSa] tSls vkdk'k l?ku lqUnj cknyksals ;q gksrk gSA
249
e`xen#fpHkwf"krslqjrtU; Jeds dkj.k Lruksia j LosnfoUnq

{kfjr gksrs gSa] rc mUgsa lq[kkusds fy, dLrwjhds pw.kZdks
eyk tkrk gS] xxu Hkh rks dLrwjhor~ uhy dkfUr;q
gksrk gSA
rkjdiVya u[kin 'kf'kHkwf"krsml lqds'khds dqp
;qxy :ih xxuesa rkjksads leqnk; ln`'k eqk ljksoj
ifjyf{kr gks jgk gSA mlesa Jh".kds u[kksads vxzHkkxds
vk?kkrls foHkwf"kr fp vZpUkdkjdh 'kksHkkdks izkIr gks
jgs gSaA mlds Lrue.Mydks Jh".k eksfr;ksadh ekyk:ih
rkjkvksals ltk jgs gSaA
;s lEiw.kZ mieku ,d lqUnj fcEc&;kstuk gSA fryd
e`x gS] yykV pUek gS vkSj ds'kik'k vHk;kj.; cu
x;k gSA dq#odds Qwy fctyhdh ped ,oa o{kLFky
vkdk'k gks x;k gSA u[k&{kr pUek ,oa NksVh&NksVh
ef.k;k rkjkvksads :iesa lq'kksfHkr gqbZ gSaA
ftr&fol&'kdys e`nq&Hkqt&;qxys djry&ufyuh&nysA

jdr&oy;a ekqdj&fup;a forjfr fge&'khrys
vUo;ftr&fol&'kdys (ftrkfu fol'kdykf.k
e`.kky[k.Mkfu ;su rkn`'ks) djry&ufyuhnys (djryeso
ufyuhnya ii=a ;= rfLeu~) rFkk lEHkksfxU;k%
dkerkijkfgR;kr~ fge'khrys (fgeor~ 'khrys) e`nqHkqt;qxys
(dks e yckgq } ;s ) ekq d j&fup;a (Hkz e ji~ f e~ ) ,o
ejdroy;a (ejdre;a oy;a) forjfr (ifjkki;fr)
vuqoknlqds'kh] ihuLruh ml je.khds e`.kkyn.Mls
Hkh lq'khry Hkqt;qxy ftuesa mlds lqdqekj djry:ih
ufyuh&ny lq'kksfHkr gks jgh gSa] muesa os Hkzej&ln`'k
ejdre; oy;:ih daxu kkj.k djk jgs gSaA
250
JhxhrxksfoUne~
i|kuqokn
rky[k.Mls ;qx Hkqt] djry jkftr ufyuh nylsA
ifgukrs ejdr&dad.k tks yxrs Nk;s vfyls
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk dg jgh gSaml HkkX;'kkfyuhdh
nksuksa Hkqtk, dkseyrkesa e`.kkyn.Mdks Hkh ekr dj
nsusokyh gSaA lqdqekj xkSj o.kZ] fgeds leku nksuksa gkFkksadh
lq'khry gFksfy;k deyds leku yky&yky gSaA ftl
izdkj yky dey&nyksads ij uhys&uhys HkkSajs vR;Ur
vfHkjke izrhr gksrs gSa] mlh izdkj mlds djryksaesa
Jh".k uhyef.ktfM+r daxu:ih HkkSajs kkj.k djk jgs gSaA
dksey ckgksaesa ;s daxu ,sls lq'kksfHkr gksrs gSa ekuks mu
gkFkkssadks ?ksjdj HkkSajs ,d dyh&iaf cuk jgs gksaA
fge'khryslEHkksxdkfj.kh je.khdk Hkqt;qxy Jh".kds
Li'kZls dke&rki 'kwU; gksdj fgeor~ 'khry gks x;k gS
vFkok ml je.khesa dkedk vHkko gS;g Hkh lwfpr
gksrk gSA mlds B.Ms gkFkksaesa ;g daxu ,d u;k rki
iznku djsxkA
jfr&x`g&t?kus foiqyki?kus euflt&dudklusA

ef.ke;&jlua rksj.k&glua fofdjfr r&oklus
vUo;foiqyki?kus (foiqye~ vi?kue~ ve~ vk;ru&
feR;FkZ% ;L; rkn`'ks fo'kkys bR;FkZ%) euflt&dudklus
(eufltL; dkeL; dudklus Lo.kZihBs) rFkk roklus
(rk okluk yhyk&fo'ks"kokluk ;su rkn`'ks n`f"Vek=s.kSo
dkekshids bR;FkZ%) rL;k% jfrx`gt?kus (jrs% k`kjL;
x`ge~ vkJ; ,o t?kua dfV&iqjksHkkx% furEcks ok rfLeu~)
251
rksj.kglua (rksj.kL; cfg}kZj'kksHkkFkZ ekY;t% glue~

migkl% ;Lekr~ rr~_ rrksI;fkdeuksKfeR;FkZ%) ef.ke;jlua
(ef.ke;a jlua dkpha) fofdjfr (fuf{kifr) rRLi'kZtkr&
dEir;k v;FkkrFka foU;L;rhR;FkZ%
vuqoknekaly] lqxfUkr] foiqyrj dUniZds lqo.kZ&ihB&
Lo:ids leku jfrx`g rqY; ml je.khds t?ku&LFkyesa
ef.ke; es[kyk:ih eaxy rksj.k kkj.k djk jgs gSaA
i|kuqokn
euflt dudklu le mlds ekaly jfrx`g&t?kusA
ltk jgs rksj.k le dkaph (fLer vafdr oj onus)
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk dg jgh gSa fd ml je.khdh
tk?ksa jfrdsfydh vkJ;Lo:i gSaA foiqy] deuh; ,oa
ekalyrkdks izkIr og m#LFky dkensodk lqo.kZjfpr
ihBLo:i gS] ftlds voyksduls gh Jh".kds euesa
enu&ykylk tkxzr gks tkrh gSA
rokluaukf;dk, vius vaxksadks ,d fo'ks"k izdkjdh
lqxUk&fl kwils lqokflr djrh gSa] ftlls uk;d mlds
o'kesa gks tkrs gSaA ml je.khus viuh tk?kksadks blh
izdkjls lqokflr djds Jh".kdks vius o'kesa dj fy;k
gSA
dudklusdkensodk gseihBA ^dud* 'kCndk vFkZ
krwjk Hkh gksrk gS] tks 'kadjthdks vfr fiz; gSA Jh'kadjus
dkensodks HkLehHkwr dj fn;k Fkk] vr% muds fiz;
^dud* 'kCnds iz;ksxds }kjk dkedh mkstukdks lwfpr
fd;k gSA
ef.ke;jlua rksj.kgluatc dksbZ jktk lgkluk:<+
gksrk gS] rks }kjij eaxye; oUnuokj ltk;k tkrk gSA
252
JhxhrxksfoUne~
;gk dke:i jktkds xkSjo.khZ; m#LFky :ih gselgklu

ij vk:<+ gksusds fy, mls ef.ke; es[kyk:ih oUnuokjls
Jh".k ltk jgs gSaA
fofdjfrm#&LFkyds Li'kZls dUniZtfur dEiu Hkko
mfnr gksrk gS] vr% ef.ke; es[kykdks Bhd&Bhd :ils
kkj.k djkusesa leFkZ ugha gq,A fQj Hkh igukusdh dksf'k'k
dh x;h gS,d yhykfo'ks"kdh Hkkouk cu x;h gSA
pj.k&fdly;s deyk&fuy;s u[k&ef.kx.k&iwftrsA

cfgjioj.ka ;kod&Hkj.ka tu;fr fn ;ksftrs
vUo;fn (o{kfl) ;ksftrs (fofufgrs) deyk&fuy;s
(deyk;k% lkSUn;kZfknsork;k% fJ;k% fuy;s vkokls)
u[kef.kx.k&iwftrs (u[kk ,o ef.kx.kk% rS% iwftrs vprs)
pj.kfd'ky;s (ikniYyos) ;kod&Hkj.ka (;koda vydeso
Hkj.ke~ vkHkj.ka) cfgjioj.ka (cfgjkoj.ka) tu;fr (djksfr)
JhfuoklL; ef.k;qrL; p cfgjko`fr;qZSosR;FkZ% ;}k
deykfuy;s fn bR;soeUo;% dk;Z%
vuqoknml furfEcuhds v#.k euksgjJhls lEiUu
,oa u[k:ih ef.k;ksals foHkwf"kr in&iYyoksadks u[k{kr ,oa
ef.k;ksals leyar ,oa y{ehds oklLFky vius n;ij
LFkkfir djrs gq, cM+s ;Ruls vkoj.k&vkPNknu djrs gq,
tkod&jlls jftr dj jgs gSaA
i|kuqokn
deykds leku vkokl&n; ij ix mlds gSa kjrsA
vkSj gkFkls ^tkod* jpuk fQj ekry gks djrs
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk Jh".kdh uohu jfr&dsfydk
o.kZu djrs gq, dgrh gSaml cM+Hkkfxuhds pj.k&dey
y{ehds vkJ;&Lo:i gSa] jfe o.kZds uohu dksey
253
iYyoksads leku gSaA mlds in&u[k ef.k;ksadh dkfUrdks

kkj.k fd;s gq, gSa] mu pj.k&;qxydks os vius n;esa
laf'y"V djds cSBs gSa] muds ml o{k%LFkyesa y{eh lnk
fuokl djrh gSA mudk og o{k%LFky ml jfr&fu".kkrk
je.kh }kjk vir u[k{krksa ,oa ef.klewgksals leyar gSA
mlds mu LokHkkfod v#.k o.kZ inksaesa Jh".k vius
djdeyksals egkoj (vkyd jl) yxkdj ck&vkPNknu&
vyadj.k iznkudj cM+s ;Ruls mUgsa laj{k.k iznku dj jgs
gSAa
u[kef.kiwftr fo'ks"k.k je.kh ,oa Jh".k nksuksaesa
vfUor gksrk gSA
je;fr lqHk`'ka dkefi lqn`'ka [kygykjlksnjsA

fdeQyeola fpjfeg fojla on lf[k! foViksnjs
vUo;lf[k] [ky&gykj&lksnjs ([ky% kwkZ% gykjL;
cynsoL; lksnj% rfLeu~_ gykjL; bfr lksYyq.Buksf%&
ykyHk`r%&lwrjkefonXkL; bR;FkZ%) ".ks dkefi lqn`'ka
(lqykspuka dkfeuha) lqHk`'ka (izxk<+a) je;fr lfr bg
foViksnjs (oue;s) vQya (foQya) fojla (jlghua ;Fkk
rFkk) d (dFka) vge~ vole~ (vofLFkrkfLe) bR;srr~
on (dFk;) ekefHklk;Z vU;;k lg je.kkr~ gjs%
[kyRoe~
vuqokngykjds lgksnj] vfoosdh] xokj] [ky os
Jh".k fuf'pr :ils fdlh lqu;ukdk izxk<+ vkfyu
dj mlds lkFk je.k dj jgs gSa] rc lf[k! rqEgha
crkvks] eSa bl yrkfudqatesa dc rd fojl Hkkols
cSBh&cSBh izrh{kk djrh jgw\
254
JhxhrxksfoUne~
i|kuqokn
îkih* ds ij&fr;&foykldks ns[kw vk[ksa ehapsA
dc rd fojl izrh{kk lf[k! eSa d: foVids uhps\
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk izrh{kk djrh&djrh uSjk';dks
izkIr gksdj viuh l[khls dgrh gSalf[k! dqN rks cksyks]
ekSudk R;kx djks] vc bl ouds yrkfudqatesa O;FkZ gh
cgqr nsj rd #dusls D;k ykHk gS\ ^[ky gykjlgksnjs*gykj
cyjkethdk uke gS] mudk NksVk HkkbZ ".k] tks vfr'k;
[ky gSA gykjdk vFkZ gksrk gS] gyokgkA Jh".k
gyokgsds leku gh [ky] xokj vkSj vfonXk gSaA esjh
mis{kk dj] eq>s Bx dj ml lqykspukds lkFk je.k dj
jgs gSaA vjs] og lqykspuk dSlh\ os rks vius tSlh fdlh
xokj je.khds lkFk gh je.k dj jgs gSa] esjk muls D;k
ysuk&nsuk\ eSa mu ij fo'okl LFkkiudj bl chgM+ ouesa
lkjh jkr cSBh jgh] esjh fdruh mis{kk dh gSA eSa bl
dqatesa ngdrh jgw] D;k eSa mUgsa <w<rh gh jgw\ esjs ikl
pkjk D;k gS\ ij lf[k! dSls lgu d:\ mUgksaus ;gk
vkusdh ckr dgh Fkh] ijUrq os rks vU; izs;lhds lkFk
foyklijk;.k gks jgs gSaA
bl iUgosa izcUkdh ukf;dk LokkhuHkr`Zdk gS] ftlds
xq.kksals vk"V gksdj Jh".k mlds lkfUu;dk R;kx u
dj Jhjkkkdh mis{kk dj jgs gSaA
bg jl&Hk.kus r&gfj&xq.kus ekqfjiq&in&lsodsA

dfy&;qx&jfpra u olrq nqfjra dfouì t;nsods
vUo;jlHk.kus (jlL; k`kjjlL; Hk.kua dFkua ;=
rfLeu~) rgfjxq.kus (ra gjs% xq.kua xq.kdhkZua ;su
255
rkn`'ks) ekq&fjiq&in&lsods (Jh".kinlsods) bg (vfLeu~)

dfouì&t;nsods (dfoJs"B&t;nsos) dfy;qx&pfjra (dfy&
;qxkeZ&o'kknkpfjra) nqfjra (ikia) u olrq
vuqoknk`kj&jlls ifjiw.kZ Jh".kdh yhyk&dFkkvksd
a k
dhrZu djusokys] ekqlwnuds lsod eq> dfojkt t;nsoesa
dfy;qx vkpfjr nqfjr nks"k izfo"V u gksaA
ckycksfkuhJht;nso bl v"Vinhdh lajpukesa Lo;adks
ekqfjiqds lsodksaesa loZJs"B ekudj ;g izkFkZuk djrs gSa fd
bl xhfrdks lquusokyksaesa dfy;qxds nw"k.kh; pfj= izfo"V
u gksaA ^jlHk.kus* ls rkRi;Z gSjliw.kZ k`kfjd mf;k
dgusokykA ^gfjxq.kus* ls rkRi;Z gSJhgfjdh dFkkvksadk
vH;kl djusokys dfojkt t;nsoA bl izcUkesa vk;h
dfodh lHkh mf;k jldh mhiuk djkusokyh gSaA bl
jldh vfHkO;fls dfy;qxds izHkkols rkelh fpko`fk;k
n;esa izfo"V ugha gks ikrh gSaA
bl izcUkdk uke gfjjleUeFkfryd gS] ftls izcUkjkt
dgk x;k gSA ;g qr rky ,oa qr y;ls xk;k tkrk
gSA bldh jkx eYgkj gSA
uk;kr% lf[k! funZ;ks ;fn 'kBLRoa nwfr! d nw;ls\

LoPNUna cgqoYyHk% l jers] d r= rs nw"k.ke~\
i';k|
fiz;&lek; nf;rL;k";ek.ka xq.kS
#Rd.BkrHkjkfno LQqVfnna psr% Lo;a ;kL;fr
bfr ipn'k% lUnHkZ%A
vUo;bnkuha fo"k..konuka l[kha lfuosZnekglf[k]
funZ;% (n;kghu%) 'kB% (kwkZ% vUrjU;r~ cfgjU;RdkjhR;FkZ%)
;fn u vk;kr% gs nwfr] Roa d (dFka) nw;ls (nq%f[krkfl)\
cgqoYyHk% (c% oYyH;% izs;L;% ;L; l% ".k)
256
JhxhrxksfoUne~
LoPNUna (fu%'ka) jers_ r= rs (ro) nw"k.ka d (dks

nks"k%)_ bRFka l[kheuw| fuosZnHkk vkReuks n'kehn'kkekg
i'; v| (bnkuha) nf;rL; (".kL;) xq.kS% (lkSUn;kZfnfHk%)
jTtqfHk'psfr ofu%_ ;Fkk df'pr~ jTok"V% lu~ ;kfr
r}r~ vk";ek.ke~ bna (rnizkfIrrkiksfurkS;) ee
psr% (fpke~) mRd.BkkHkjkfno (mRd.Bk vkSRlqD;e~
vkk% ihM+k p r;ks% Hkjkr~ vkfkD;kr~ gsrks%) LQqVr~ bo
(fonyfno) Lo;a ;kL;fr
vuqokn
l[khgs lf[k jkks! os ugha vk;sA
Jhjkkkos funZ;] fu"Bqj] 'kB ;fn ugha vk;s rks rqe
nq%[kh D;ksa gks jgh gks\
l[khos cgqoYyHkk gSa] LoPNUnrkiwoZd je.k djrs
gSAa
Jhjk/kkblesa rqEgkjk D;k nks"k gS\ ns[kks] vkt esjk
eu ml izk.kdkUr fiz;re Jh".kds xq.kksals vk"V
gksdj rFkk mRd.Bkds Hkkjls fonh.kZ gksdj muls feyusds
fy, Lo;a gh tk;sxkA
ckycksfkuhJh".kds u vkus ij bl fo"k..konuk
nwrhdks gh gsrq ekudj vR;Ur fojg&O;Fkkds lkFk viuh
mRd.Bk izdV djrh gqbZ jgrh gSA l[khus Jhjkkkls
dgkgs lf[k jkks! mu vusd izs;fl;ksaokysdks eSaus cgqr
cqyk;k] ij os funZ; vk;s gh ughaA Jhjkkkus izR;qkjesa
dgkgs nwfr! ;fn os 'kB vkSj kwrZ vk;s gh ugha] rks
blesa rqEgkjk D;k nks"k gS\ rqe nq%[kh D;ksa gks jgh gks\
rqeus viuk nkSR;&deZ cgqr vPNh izdkjls dj fn;kA
nwrhus dgkeSa blfy, nq%[kh gks jgh gw fd eSa mUgsa yk
ugha ldhA os cgqcYyHkk gSa] mudh vusd izs;fl;k gSa] os
LoPNUn gSa] tgk eu pkgs] ogha je.k djrs gSaA iqu%
Jhjkkkus dgkrc rqEgkjk D;k nks"k gS\ vc rqe ns[kuk]
257
esjk fpk muds xq.kksals vkd"kr gksdj muls feyusds

fy, vlguh; osnukls QV jgk gS vkSj bl ihM+kdk izk.k
cudj mu rd igqp tk;sxkA dSlk fpk gSLor% fl
:ils Jh".kds xq.kksals vk"VA
^mRd.BkrHkjkn~* ls rkRi;Z gS] fiz;feyudh bPNkihM+kds
Hkkjls fonh.kZ fpkA esjs }kjk jksds tkus ij Hkh #dsxk
ughaA muds ikl igqpsxk ghA
vFkok ns[kks] lf[k! bl le; nf;rds lkFk nwljh
je.khds feyu gksusls mudh izkfIr lEHko ugha gS] fQj Hkh
esjh mRd.Bk izfr{k.k c<+rh tk jgh gSA
vFkok gfjds laxels iwokZuqHkwr Lej&lq[kdks izkIr
djusokyk ;g fpk ogk tk;sxk gh] blesa u rqEgkjk nks"k
gS vkSj u esjkA og je.kh Hkh mikyEHkds ;ksX; ugha gS]
fokkrk gh foeq[k gks x;k gSA
vFkok bl izdkj ;g fpk ogk tk;sxk gh vkSj
fuo`fkdks izkIrdj mijfer gks tk;sxkA
bl izdkj Jhjkkk 'kkUr fuosZndh fLFkfresa Jh".kdk
xq.kxku djrh gqbZ n'keh n'kkdks izkIr gks x;haA
vius xq.kksads }kjk Jh".k ftl je.khdk lq[k&fokku
djrs gSa] mls fdlh izdkjdk d"V ugha gksrk] Jhjkkk
Jh".kdh izkfIrds vHkkoesa vfr foiUuk] fo"k..kk voLFkkdks
izkIr gks x;haA
izLrqr 'yksdds iwokZZesa Jhjkkkdk l[khds lkFk
opu&izfropu gSA Jhjkkkds euesa Hkko ;g gS fd Lo;a
;g nwrh gh Jh".kdks cqykus x;h vkSj muds lkFk je.k
dj ykSV vk;h gSA vr% og ".kdks 'kB] funZ; bR;kfn
dgrh gSA dSls xokj gSa os] ukf;dk vkSj nwrhesa Hkh vUrj
ugha tkursA
izLrqr 'yksdesa fohfM+r NUn gS vkSj dkO;fy
uked vykj gSA
258
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vFk "kksM+"k% lUnHkZ%A
xhre~
ns'kojkMhjkxs.k :idrkysu xh;rsA
vuqoknxhrxksfoUn dkO;dk ;g lksygok izcUk
ns'kojkM+h jkx rFkk :id rkyesa xk;k tkrk gSA
vfuy&rjy&dqoy;&u;usu A
rifl u lk fdly;&'k;usu
lf[k! ;k jferk ouekfyukkzqoine~
vUo;rn~xq.kSjU;L;k% lq[ka o.kZ;Urh LoL;kLrnykHkkr~
fuosZnsu 'yksdkFkZeso fuf'puksfrlf[k] ;k] vfry&rjy&
dqoy;&u;usu (vfuysu ok;quk rjys ppys ;s dqoy;s
uhyksRiys r}r~ u;us ;L; rsu) mRiyor~ 'kSR;xq.ksu
rkiks i 'keukfnfr Hkko% ouekfyuk jferk (fofok&
lEHkksx&dsfyfHkuZfUnrk) lk fd'ky;'k;usu (iYyo'k;usu)
u rifr (lUrkia u xPNfr lq[k;R;sosR;FkZ%)A ,oa loZ=
;kstuh;e~ i{ks ;k vjferk lk fd'ky;'k;us (iYyo'k;k;ka)
u rifr bfr u vfi rq riR;so vrhokshidRokr~
rL;
vuqokniouds }kjk lpkfyr bUnhoj (dey) ds
leku ppy u;uokys Jh".kds }kjk tks oj;qorh
jferk gqbZ gS] mls fdly; 'k;k ij 'k;u djusls fdlh
rkidk vuqHko ugha gqvk gksxkA
ckycksfkuhbl v"Vinhesa Jhjkkkdh bZ"kkZ vkSj Hkh
Tofyr gks mBh gSA og l[khls dgrh gSgs lf[k!
Jh".kds u;u;qxy bUnhoj (uhydey) ds leku papy
gSa] ekuks nf{k.k iouls lapkfyr gks jgs gksaA os Jh".k
ftls je.k&lq[k ns jgs gSa vkSj Lo;a jfer gks jgs gSa] og
259
esjh rjg fdly;ds lst ij Hkh D;ksa >qylsxh\ dSls

n; VwV tkrk gS] rkj&rkj gks tkrk gS] ;g rks eSa tkurh
gwA bl rjg izLrqr 'yksdesa Jhjkkk Jh".kds lqjr&lkS'khY;dk
o.kZu dj mudh Lrqfr djrh gSA
fuUnkijd vFkZ ;g gks ldrk gS fd ou&y{ehdh
'kksHkkdk vkuUn ysue
s as yhu] laHkksxijk~e[q k ouekyh Jh".k
ml xksihds lkFk je.k ugha dj ldsA muds us= ok;qds
}kjk uhydeyds leku ppy gks jgs FksA bu us=ksads }kjk
miHkq gksul
s s og xksfidk fdly;&jfpr 'k;k ij 'k;u
djus ek=ls gh lUrIr ugha dh x;h D;k\ vo'; gh dh
x;hA vFkok uhy deyds leku ftlds us= gSa] ,slh xksih
mu vU;euLd] bkj&mkj nwljh fiz;kdks ns[kusokys Jh".kds
}kjk vo'; gh lUrIrk gqbZ gSA
fodflr&ljflt&yfyr&eq[ksu A
LQqVfr u lk euflt&fof'k[ksu
lf[k! ;k jferk---
vUo;fodflr&ljflt&yfyr&eq[ksu (fodflra ;r~
ljflta ia r}r~ yfyra euksgja eq[ka ;L; rkn`'ksu)
ouekfyuk ;k jferk] lk euflt&fof'k[ksu (eUeFk'kjs.k)
u LQqVfr (u fonh;Zrs)A i{kkUrjs ;k vjferk lk
(lkn`'kh HkkX;ghuk ukjh) euflt&fof'k[ks u LQqVfr bfr
u] vfi rq LQqVR;so
vuqoknizQqfYyr deyds leku lqyfyr eq[kokys
ouekyh Jh".kds }kjk tks lqUnjh laHkqk gqbZ gS] mls
dUniZds fo"ke ck.k dHkh Hksn ughsa ldrsA vFkok
foykldyk&ijk~eq[k dsoy gkL;&ijk;.k Jh".kds lkFk
je.k u dj ldusokyh og xksihdk dkeds fo"keck.kksals
D;k fc ugha gksrh\ vfirq gksrh gh gSA
260
JhxhrxksfoUne~
i|kuqokn
vfuy r#.k e`nq tyt u;uds]
fodflr ljflt yfyr onuds]
vfe; ekqj vfr eatq opuds]
Fky ty#gls #fpj pj.kdsA
feys] ftls gSa ljl Hkkols] mls] dHkh ouekyh]
iYyo ^Lej 'kj* êy;* pUnlc tyk u ikrs vkyhA
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk l[khls dgrh gSizQqfYyr
vjfoUnor~ foyflr eq[kdeyokys ouekyh Jh".k ftl
je.khdks vkuUn ns jgs gSa] og D;ksa tkusxh fd enuds
ck.kksadh O;Fkk dSlh gksrh gS\ fdl izdkj eSa fojgls
ihfM+r gks jgh gw] ml jferkdk dkeds ck.kksals lUrIr
gksusdk iz'u gh ugha mBrkA dSlk n; fonh.kZ dj fn;k
gS esjk;g Lrqfrijd O;k[;k gSA
fuUnkijd vFkZeas os Jh".k rks foyklijk~e[q k gSa]
gkL;ijk;.k gSa] vius euksgj eq[kls cl gkl&ifjgkl djrs
jgrs gSa] muds lkFk je.k u dj ikusls og xksfidk D;k
enu&'kjksals lUrIr ugha gksrh D;k\ vo'; gh gksrh gSA
ve`r&ekqj&e`nqrj&opusu A
Toyfr u lk ey;t&iousu
lf[k! ;k jferk----
vUo;ve`r&ekqj&e`nqrj&opusu (ve`rknfi ekqja
e`nqrja dkseyrjp opua ;L; rsu) ouekfyuk ;k jferk
lk ey;t&iousu (ey;kfuysu) u ToyfrA ve`rfl;k
Tokykfr'k;kuqiiks%A i{kkUrjs;k vjferk lk ey;tious
u Toyfr bfr u] vfi rq ToyR;so
vuqoknvfr lqekqj rFkk dkseyrj opu cksyusokys
Jh".kls tks ofurk jferk gqbZ gS] mls ey;&iouds
laidZls dHkh Tokykdk vuqHko ugha gks ldrk gSA
261
ckycksfkuhlf[k! os viuh ve`re;h dksey vkSj

ekqj ok.khls ml je.kh;kdks yqHkk jgs gSaA og dSls tkusxh
fd ey;kpyls pyusokyh nf{k.kh c;kjls dSlh Tokyk,
mwr gksrh gSa\ dSlh nkgd Toyu'khy ihM+k gksrh gS\
tks fojfgf.k;ksadks lUrIr djrh gSA
vFkok fuUnkijd vFkZesa Jh".kus ftl xksfidkds
lkFk je.k ugha fd;k] vfirq ve`re;h e`nq ekqj ok.khls
yqHkkrs jgs] og je.kh D;k ey;kfuyls lUrIr ugha gqbZ
gksxh\ vo'; gh gqbZ gksxhA
LFky&ty#g&#fp&dj&pj.ksuA
yqBfr u lk fgedjfdj.ksu
lf[k! ;k jferk----
vUo;LFky&ty#g&#fp&dj&pj.ksu (LFky ty#gL;
LFkyiL; #fpfjo #fp% dkfUr% ;L; rkn`'ka dj&pj.ka
ikf.kikna ;L; rkn`'ksu) ouekfyuk ;k jferk lk fgedjfdj.ksu
(pUfdj.ksu) u yqBfr (ewPNrk Hkwrys u ifjokZrs)
bUnqfdj.kkuke~ mTToyr;k rkidRokoxesfi LFkydeyor~
'khry&djpj.kLi'kZlq[ksusfr Hkko%_ i{kkUrjs ;k vjferk
lk fgedjfdj.ks fdj.ka fofdjfr lfr u yqBfr bfr u]
vfi rq yqBR;so rkn`'k&djpj.kLi'kkZHkkokfnfr Hkko%
vuqoknouekyh Jh".kds dj ,oa pj.k LFky&deyds
leku dkfUre; ,oa lq'khry gSa] muls tks je.kh laHkqk
gqbZ gS] mls pU&fdj.kksals lUrkfir gksdj i`Foh ij yq.Bu
ugha djuk iM+rkA
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk lf[kls dgrh gSgs lf[k] Jh".kds
dj&ry ,oa in&ry LFkydeyds leku dkfUre; ,oa
lq'khry gSaA muds lkFk je.k djusokyh je.kh dSls
tkusxh fd pUekdh 'khry fdj.ksa dSls ngdrh gSa] og
ml fokq&dkSeqnhls larIr gksdj jkrHkj 'k;k ij djoVsa
262
JhxhrxksfoUne~
D;ksa cnyrh gksxh\ fuUnkijdds vFkZesa] LFky&deyds

leku vaxksaokys Jh".kdh vkfyu izkfIrds fy, og
jkrHkj djoVsa cnyrh jgrh gksxhA
lty&tyn&leqn;&#fpjs.k A
ngfr u lk fn fojg&nosu
lf[k! ;k jferk----
vUo;lty&tyn&leqn;&#fpjs.k (lty&tynkuka
leqn;kr~ lewgknfi #fpjs.k lqUnjs.k) ouekfyuk ;k jferk
lk fojg&nosu fn u ngfr (HkLehHkofr) tynonkZr;k
nkgklEHkokr~_ i{kkUrjs;k vjferk lk fojgnos (fojgkuys)
tyfr lfr fn u ngfr bfr u_ vfi rq ngR;so
bR;FkZ%A uoes?kL; fojgkshidRokr~
vuqoknouekyh Jh".k lty&tyn&e.Myls Hkh
euksgj dkfUre; ,oa lqdqekj gSaA mu Jh".kds lkFk ftl
ojkukus je.k fd;k] mls nh?kZdkfyd fojgds fo"kHkkjls
dHkh Hkh lanfyr ugha gksuk iM+rkA
ckycksfkuhlf[k] ftudk Lo:i uohu cknyds
leku vfr'k; euksgj gS] vfr lqdqekj gS] muls tks
je.kh laHkqk gqbZ] mls fojg:ih fo"kls dnkfi Hk; ugha
jgrkA os rks tyo"khZ es?kds leku ml ij cjl jgs gSa]
og D;k tkusxh fd ;g nh?kZdkfyd fojg fdruk
fonfyr djrk gS] fdruk fonh.kZ djrk gSA
fuUnkijd vFkZesatks xksih uotykj ln`'k dkfUroku
Jh".kds lkFk je.k ugha dj ldh] og bl nh?kZdkfyd
fojgds rhoz&fo"kls nq%[kh ugha gksxh D;k\ vo'; gh
nq%[kh gksxhA
dud&fud"k&#fp&'kqfp&olusuA
'oflfr u lk ifjtu&glusu
lf[k! ;k jferk----
263
vUo;dud&fud"k&#fp&'kqfp&olusu (dudL;
lqo.kZL; fud"ks"kq fud"k&ik"kk.ks"kq ;k #fp% r}r~ 'kqfp
mTToya olua ;L; rsu) ouekfyuk ;k jferk lk
ifjtu&glusu (ifjtukukeqigklsu) u 'oflfr (nh?kZ'okla
u ewpfr) lkSHkkX;xosZ.k dkf'pnfi u x.k;rhfr Hkko%_
i{kkUrjs ;k vjferk lk ifjtu&glus lfr u 'oflfr
bfr u] vfi rq 'oflR;so bR;FkZ%
vuqoknLo.kZ&fud"k (dlkSVh) ln`'k ';ke o.kZokys]
ifo= ihroL= kkj.k djusokys Jh".kds }kjk tks
lkSHkkX;orh je.kh laHkqk gqbZ gS] mls dHkh Hkh ifjtuksa
}kjk migkldk dkj.k cudj nh?kZfu%'okl ugha ysus iM+rsA
ckycksfkuhlf[k! ftu Jh".kds olu (oL=) dlkSVh
ij f?klh gqbZ Lo.kZ js[kkvksads leku mTToy] ihr ,oa
fueZy gSa ('kjhj dlkSVh gS] oL= lksuk gS)] ,sls Jh".k
}kjk tks dqyckyk jferk gqbZ gS] os ihrkEcjh ftl
cM+Hkkfxuhdks ckgqik'kesa vkc djrs gksa] rks og D;k
tkusxh fd tc vius gh ifjtu migkl djrs gSa] rc
dSlk nq%[k gksrk gS\ dSls lklsa ?kqVrh gSa\ dSlh Eykurk
gksrh gS\
fuUnkijd vFkZesa lqo.kZdh dkfUrds leku ';ke
dkfUrokys rFkk ihroL= kkj.k djusokys ';kelqUnjds
lkFk je.k&lq[k izkIr djusds fy, tks xksih d"kk; oL=
vkfndks kkj.k djrh gS] mls vius ifjtuksads migkldk
ik= cudj nq%[kh gksuk gh iM+rk gSA
ldy&Hkqou&tu&oj&r#.ksuA
ogfr u lk #tefr&d#.ksu
lf[k! ;k jferk----
264
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vUo;ldy&Hkqou&tu&oj&r#.ksu (ldyHkqous"kq ;s
tuk% ;qokuLrsH;ks oj% Js"Bks ;% r#.k% fd'kksj% rsu)
ouekfyuk ;k jferk lk vfrd#.ksu (vfr'kksdsu) #ta
(ihM+ka) u cgfr (izkIuksfr) tx}YyHkr#.k&izkIR;k
d#.kkuqiiks%_ i{kkUrjs ;k vjferk] lk vfrd#.ks #ta
u cgfr bfr u_ vfirq cgR;so bR;FkZ%
vuqoknvf[ky txrds r#.k&Js"B] lqdqekj euksgj
:i yko.;&fof'k"V Jh".kds lkFk je.k djusokyh
ukf;dk vius vUr%dj.kesa nk#.k fojg&osnukdk vuqHko
ugha djrh gS D;ksafd os vfr d#.k gSaA
ckycksfkuhleLr yksdksaesa ftrus Hkh r#.k ;qok
iq#"k gSa] muesa Jh".k lokZfr'k; ;qorj gSa] lqUnjre gSa]
os uofd'kksj uVoj gSaA d#.kko#.kky; os ftl je.khdks
Hkh jek;saxs] og vfr d#.k Hkkols esjh rjg fu<ky ugha
iM+sxhA
fuUnkijd vFkZesa txresa Js"B r#.k iq#"kksads lkFk
je.k djusokyh je.kh] muesals fdlh ,ddk Hkh fojg gksus
ij d#.kkfr'k;rkds dkj.k d"Vdk vuqHko djsxh ghA
Jht;nso&Hkf.kr&opusu A
izfo'krq gfjjfi n;eusu
lf[k! ;k jferk----
vUo;vusu Jht;nso&Hkf.kr&opusu (Jht;nsoks&
Jhjkkk;k% ekkoeqf'; opusR;FkZ%) gfjjfi rnsdfpkkuka
Hkkuka n;a (fpkfudsrua) izfo'krq izfo"V% d.kZjUkzs.k
Lokuka Hkkoljks#gfeR;qs%
vuqoknJht;nsodfo fojfpr Jhjkkkds foyki&opuksd
a s
lkFk Jhgfj Hkh Hkksads n;esa izos'k djsaA
265
i|kuqokn
lty tyn le QqYy onudsA
dud&fud"k le ihr oluds
ldy ;qo tu Js"B r#.kdsA
izjs d dfo ^t;* dkO; d#.kds
feys] ftls gSa ljl Hkkols] mls] dHkh ouekyhA
fojg] Lotu&Loj&O;&njn&lc tyk u ikrs vkyh
ckycksfkuht;nso dfods }kjk ekkods ms';ls
xk;s x;s bl izcUkls izlUu gksdj Jh".k n;esa izos'k
djsaA fdlds n;esa\ Jhjkkkds n;esaA lkFk gh d.kZ&jUkz
}kjk esjsdfo t;nsods] bl izcU/kds ikBdksads rFkk
Jksrkvksads Hkko:ih n;&deyesa Hkh izos'k djsaA ukxj
ukjk;.k gfj n;esa vofLFkr gksaA
bl izdkj ukjk;.kenuk;kl ukedk lksygok izcUk
lekIr gqvkA
euksHkokuUnu
pUnukfuy!
izlhn js nf{k.k! eqp okerke~A
{k.ka txRizk.k! fokk; ekkoaA
iqjks ee izk.kgjks Hkfo";fl
vUo;vR;kos ' ks u euks o k"ieq n ~ f xjfr nS U ;s u kkq u k
ey;kfuya lfou;a izkFkZ;rsgs euksHkokuUnu (vkuUn;rhfr
vkuUnu%_ euksHkoL; vkuUnu% rRlEcqkS gs enukuUndj)
gs pUnukfuy (ey;ok;ks ) iz l hn (iz l kks Hko)_
iqujh;ksZn;knkgjs nf{k.k (ljy&LoHkko] lokZuqdwy bfr
;kor~) okerka (izfrdwyrka) eqp (R;t) nf{k.kiFkizo`kL;
oke&iFk izo`ksj;qRokr~ okerk R;kT; bfr Hkko%_ rg
d foks;a r=kgtxfrksfi euksHkokuUnuk; pUnur#&
lEidkZr~ fo"ke'psr~ eka ekj;fl rg gs txRizk.k! {k.ka
266
JhxhrxksfoUne~
ee iqj% (vxzr%) ekkoa fokk; (laLFkkI;) i'pkr~ ee

izk.kgjks Hkfo";fl
vuqokngs dUniZdks vkuUn nsusokys ey;kpyds
lehj! nf{k.k gh cus jgks! okerkdk R;kx dj nks! gs
txrds izk.kLo:i! ekkodks esjs lkeus dj rqe esjs izk.k
gj ysukA
ckycksfkuhdkensods ck.kksads izgkjdks u lg ldusds
dkj.k Jhjkkk ey;kfuydks lEcksfkr djrh gqbZ dgrh
gSdkeds ck.kksd
a ks muds y{; rd igqp
kusokyh ey;kpydh
ok;q esjs fy, izfrdwy cu x;h gS] eq>s tykdj vius
fe= dkensodks rks vkkfnr dj fn;k vkSj eq>s dkedh
ihM+kls bruk nXk dj fn;kA nf{k.kkfuy dgykrs gks]
lEiw.kZ txrdks vkuUn iznku djrs gks] fQj esjs fy,
rqEgkjk vkpj.k izfrdwy D;ksa gS\ D;ksa oke Hkko kkj.k
fd;k gS\ eSa tkurh gwrqe enuds lgpj gks] ey;kpy
ioZr ij liksls f?kjs gq, pUnu o`{kksads lalxZls rqEgkjk
LoHkko vo'; gh nwf"kr gks x;k gS] fdruk lUrIr dj
jgs gks eq>s\ gs txRizk.k! {k.kHkjds fy, izlUu gks tkvks]
{kek djks eq>sA viuh izfrdwyrkdk R;kx dj nks] esjs
izk.kksadks gj ysuk] ij igys ,d {k.kds fy, izk.kukFk
ekkodk n'kZu djk nks] fQj izk.kkigkjd cu tkvksA
oa'kLFk NUn gS] vfr'k;ksf vyadkj gSA
fjiqfjo l[kh&laoklks;a f'k[kho fgekfuyks

fo"kfeo lqkkjf'e;ZfLeu~ nquksfr euksxrsA
n;en;s
rfLeksoa iquoZyrs cykr~
dqoy;&n`'kka oke% dkeks fudkefujadq'k%
vUo;vFk vuqjkxghus nf;rs lkuqjkxa fpka fuUnfr
rfLeu~ (JhgjkS) euksxrs (fpkk:<+s) lfr v;a l[khlaokl%
267
(l[khfHk% laokl% lgokl%) fjiqfjo ('k=qfjo) LoPNUnxeu&

izfrjkskdRokr~ nquksfr (fDy'ukfr)_ fgekfuy% ('khryok;q%)
rkidRokr~ f'k[kho (vfXufjo) nquksfr_ lqkkjf'e% (pU%)
nkgdRokr~ fo"kfeo ee eu% nquksfr_ ;fn vn;s
(n;kghus) rfLeu~ dkUrs ,oa iqu% ukuk:is.k dk;Zek.kefi
n;a oykr~ oyrs (laHka L;kr~)] rg dqoy;n`'kka
(uhyksRiyk{kh.kka dkfeuhuka) dke% (vfHkyk"k%) fudke&fujq'k%
(vR;FkZe;fU=r%_ fgrkfgrfopkjkixekr~ nquokj bR;FkZ%)
vr,o oke% (izfrdwy,o)
vuqokngs lf[k! lf[k;ksadk lq[ke; lkFk] 'k=qds
leku esjs eudks 'k=qdh Hkkfr vuqHkwr gks jgk gS] lq'khry
lqeUn lehj.k gqrk'kuds leku izrhr gks jgk gS vkSj
lqkk&jf'e;k fo"kds leku eq>s d"V ns jgh gSa] fQj Hkh
esjk n; cykr~ mlhesa yxk gqvk gS] lR; gS] dqoy;
ln`'k dkfefu;ksads izfr dke loZFkk gh fujadq'k gqvk
djrk gSA
ckycksfkuhizLrqr 'yksdesa Jhjkkk fojgds mUeknesa
vius fp=dks gh mikyEHk nsrh gqbZ viuh l[khls dgrh
gSgk;! eSa fdls nks"k iznku d:\ ml Jh".kds
Lej.kls tks esjh fiz;lf[k;k eq>s Jh".kds lehi tkusls
euk fd;k djrh Fkha] vkt mudk lq[ke; lax Hkh eq>s
o"kksdh 'k=qrk tSlk izrhr gksrk gS] 'khr ok;q eq>s
Tokykds leku nXk djrh gS] pUek gykgy fo"k tSlk
yxrk gSA fQj Hkh lf[k! esjk eu ml funZ; fu"Bqj
Jh".kds izfr vckk xfrls nkSM+rk gqvk pyk tk jgk
gS] esjk vfoosdh eu gh esjs nq%[kdk dkj.k cu x;k gSA
vgks! fgrkfgr foosdjfgrk deyu;ukvksads fy, ^dke*
gh furkUr nqfuokZj gksdj muds v'ks"k nq%[kdk dkj.k cu
tkrk gSA ;g dkenso vfr fujadq'k gS] lqUnfj;ksads izfr
268
JhxhrxksfoUne~
rks vfr gh dBksj gS ,oa izfrdwy gS] fojfg;ksads izfr

vfr fujadq'k vkpj.k djrk gSA
bl 'yksdesa gfj.kh&o`r rFkk fojks/kkykj gSA
ckkka foksfg ey;kfuy! ipck.k!

izk.kkUx`gk.k u x`ga iqujkJf;";sA
d rs rkUrHkfxfu! {ke;k rjs
jkfu flp ee 'kkE;rq nsgnkg%
vUo;vkquk fojgkskIr;k izk.kksRlxZ% r ,okggs
ey;kfuy] Roa okkka (eu%ihM+ka) foksfg (tu;) okeRosu
okkkfokku&lkeF;kZfnR;FkZ%_ gs ipck.k] (dke) izk.kku~
x`gk.k ipck.k&kkfjRos ipck.kxzg.k;ksX;RokfnR;FkZ%_ gs
rkUr&Hkfxfu (;e&lgksnjs ;equs) rs (ro) {ke;k d\
({keka ek dq#) ;ekuqtk;k% {kek u ;qk_ rg d
dkZO;e~\ rjS% ee vkfu flp_ nsgnkga ('kjhjlUrki%)_
'kkE;rq (fpja fuo`kks Hkorq)_ ,rsu n'keha n'kka foksghfr
oU;rs_ vga iqu% x`ga u vkJf;";s rsu fcuk x`gefi
lUrkideso_ rrks ej.keso ;qfeR;FkZ%
vuqokngs ey;kfuy! rqe ckkkvksadk fokku djks!
gs ipck.k! rqe esjs izk.kksadk gj.k djks! gs ;equs! rqe
;edh cgu gks] rqe D;ksa eq>s {kek djksxh\ rqe rjksads
}kjk eq>s vfHkf"k dj nsuk] ftlls esjs nsgdk lUrki
lnkds fy, 'kkUr gks tk;A
ckycksfkuhlaizfr fojg&rki&rkfirk Jhjkkk vius
izk.kksadks R;kxusdk ladYi ysdj dgrh gSags ey;iou!
gs 'khr lehj.k! D;ksa izrh{kk dj jgs gks\ eq>s [kwc
tedj ihM+k nsuk! gs ipck.k! esjs izk.kksadk gj.k dj
ysuk] vius ikp ck.kksals rqe esjs ikpksa izk.kksadk vigj.k
269
dj ysukblhfy, rqEgsa ipck.kksals mifgr fd;k tkrk

gSA izk.kksadk gj.k djuk gh rqEgkjk iz;kstu gSA Bhd gh
rks gSdkenso lUrIr tuksadks mkIr djds x`gdh vksj
mUeq[k djk nsrk gSA ij rqe eq>s fdruk Hkh foo'k dj
yks] esjs izk.k Hkys gh pys tk;sa] ij eSa ?kj dHkh ugha
tkxh] Jh".kds pj.kksadk vkJ; ywxhA nksuksadk mikyEHk
nsdj dkels fonh.kZ gksdj ;equkls dgrh gSags ;equs!
rqe ;ejktdh cgu gks! ey;kfuy ,oa ipck.k eq>s
ihfM+r dj gh jgs gSa] dkenso lEHkksxdkjd gSa] ij og
rks foijhr vkpj.ke; gks x;k gS] ey;kfuy lq[kdkjd
gksdj eq>s fody cuk jgk gS] mu nksuksads }kjk izk.kksads
xzg.k dj fy;s tkusij rqe HkkbZ ;edks D;k mkj nksxh\
blfy, rqe eq>s {kek er djks] rqe viuh rjksals esjs
vksadk lpu dj nks] e`r nsgdks vius lfyyesa lek
yks] ftlls xrizk.k esjs nsgdk nkg 'kkUr gks tk;A bl
izdkj Jhjkkk Jh".k fojgesa nloha n'kkdks izkIr gksus
yxhaA
izLrqr 'yksdesa olUrfrydk NUn rFkk vizLrqr
iz'kalk vykj gSA
izkruhZy&fupksyeP;qreqj laohr ihrka'kqda

jkkk;k'pfdra foyksD; glfr LoSja l[khe.MysA
czhMkppyepya
u;u;ksjkkk;
jkkkuus
LesjLesjeq[kks;eLrq txnkuUnk; uUnkRet%
bfr "kksM'k lUnHkZ%A
bfr JhxhrxksfoUn egkdkO;s foizyCkk o.kZus
ukxj&ukjk;.kks uke lIre% lxZ%A
vUo;vFkSrq%[ko.kZuelfg".kq% dfo% lgkoyksdU;k;su
lkkkj.k&dsfyjk=S% izkr'pfjro.kZusu Jhjkkk;k% [kf.MrkoLFkka
270
JhxhrxksfoUne~
o.kZf;";u~ Jhjkkkekko;ks% izku&dsY;uUrjkofLFkfro.kZusu

eyekruksfrdnkfpr~ izkr% (izHkkrs) uhyuhpksya (uhya
fupksya oa ;L; rkn`'ka ifjfgr&jkkkolufeR;FkZ%) vP;qra
(gj) rFkk laohrihrka'kqda (laohre~ mkjhra Jh".kL;
ihre~ va'kqda oa ;= rkn`'ka) jkkk;k mj% (o{k%LFkya)
foyksD; l[khe.Mys LoSja (LoPNUne~ mPpSfjR;FkZ%) rFkk
pfdra (peRra ;Fkk rFkk) glfr lfr jkkkuus
(Jhjkkkonus) czhM+kppya (czhM+;k yTt;k ppya ;Fkk
rFkk) u;u;ks% vpya (us=izkUra dVk{kfeR;FkZ%) vkkk;
(foU;L;) Lesj&Lesj&eq[k% (e`ne
q UnlgkL;onu%) v;a uUnkRet%
(uUnuUnu%) txnkuUnk; vLrq (txrkekuUna fonkkrq)
vr% lxksZ;a ukxjk ,o ujk ujlewgkLrs"kke;ua ewyHkwr%
Jh".kks ;= l bfr lIre% lxZ%
vuqoknizkr%dky foHkzeo'k Jh".kus Jhjkkkthdk
uhy mkjh; oL= (dpqd) rFkk Jhjkkkus vius o{k%LFky
ij Jh".kdk ihr mkjh; oL= kkj.k dj fy;k] ftls
ns[k l[khe.My LoPNUnrkiwoZd glus yxkA mUgsa glrk
gqvk ns[kdj Jh".kus eUneqLdkuds lkFk lyTt gksdj
vik& Hkfekls Jhjkkkds eq[kkjfoUnds izfr dVk{kikr
fd;kA ,sls uUnuUnu Jh".k txrds fy, vkuUndk
fokku djsaA
ckycksfkuhizLrqr lxZds vfUre 'yksdksasesa oS".koksadks
dfo t;nsods }kjk vk'khokZn fn;k x;k gS;g uUnuUnu
Jh".k txrdks vkuUnnk;h gksaA fudqt&ouds fudV
t;nsothds }kjk Jhjkkk&ekkodh iwoZ&dsfydk Lej.k dj
izkr%dkydh fLFkfrdk fu:i.k fd;k gSA dfo t;nso
Jhjkkkdk fojg o.kZu djusesa vleFkZ gks x;s] rc
lgkoyksdu U;k;ls jkf=dkyhu lkkkj.k dsfydk fp=ku
dj izkr%dkyhu Jhjkkkdh [kf.MrkoLFkkdk fnXn'kZu djk;k
271
gSA JhJhjkkk&ekko nksuksaus ,d lkFk jfr&dsfyds }kjk

fiNyh jkr fcrk;h gS ,oa foHkzels ,d&nwljsds oL= igu
fy;s gSaA bl oSfp; ifjokZuls lf[k;k gl iM+ha] mUgsa
cM+k vk'p;Z gqvkA vP;qr Jh".kus vius ruij
uhy&olu dpqddks kkj.k fd;k gS vkSj Jhjkkkdk mj
ihrkEcjls <dk gqvk gSA ;g oL=&fofue; gh lf[k;ksads
LoPNUn gkL;dk dkj.k gSA yTtkls ppy us=ksadks
Jhjkkkds eq[k ij j[krs gq, dVk{kikr dj Jh".k
eUn&eUn eqLdjkus yxsA
izLrqr 'yksdesa dfo t;nsodh yksdeydh dkeuk
izdV gqbZ gSA gkL; jl] 'kknwZy fohfM+r NUn] LoHkkoksf
vykj] uk;d 'kB ,oa ukf;dk vfHklkfjdk gSA
JhxhrxksfoUnds lksygosa lUnHkZdh ckycksfkuh o`fk
lekIrA
bfr lIre% lxZ%A
yyy
272
JhxhrxksfoUne~
v"Ve% lxZ%
foy{;y{ehifr%
vFk dFkefi ;kfeu fouh; Lej'kjttZfjrkfi lk izHkkrsA
vuqu;opua onUrexzs iz.krefi fiz;ekg lkH;lw;e~
vUo;bnkuha Jhjkkk;k% [kf.MrkoLFkka o.kZ;fr_ ;nqa
lkfgR;niZ.ksik'oZesfr fiz;ks ;L;k vU;lEHkksxfpfr%A lk
[kf.Mrsfr dfFkrk khjSjh"kkZd"kkfrrk bfrvFk (cgqfok&
izykikuUrja) lk Lej'kj&tTtZfjrkfi (LejL; dkeL;
'kjs.k tTtZfjrkfi_ {k.kek=efrckgf;rqe'kkihfr Hkko%)
dFkefi (vfrPNs.k) ;kfeuha fouh; (vfrck) izHkkrs
(izkr%) vxzs (iqjr%) vuqu;opua (Lokijkktfur&dksiksi&
'keu&okD;a) onUrefi] rrksfi izlkneukyksD; iz.krefi
vusu izsE.k% ijkdk"Bk n'krk fiz;a (Jh".ka) lkH;lw;a
(d.Bkxrizk.kk;k vfi fiz;n'kZuek=s.k vlw;ksn;kr~ l ;FkkrFkk)
vkg
vuqoknvr%ij Jhjkkkus tSls&rSls og jkr fcrkbZA
izkr%dky gksusij Jh".k mudks izf.kikriwoZd lkuqu;
opuls muds jks"kHkjs ekudks iz'kfer djusdk iz;kl djus
yxs] ijUrq Jhjkkk enuck.kksals ttZfjr gksuis j Hkh fojgopuksals
;q fiz;dkUr Jh".kdks vius fudV iz.krHkkols leqifLFkr
ns[kdj vfr'k; vlw;k (bZ";kZ) Hkkols mudks bl izdkj
dgus yxhaA
i|kuqokn
fdlh rjg nq%[k&jkr fcrkbZ] gks vk;k tc HkksjA
pj.kksa ij >qdrs] vkjksa ij glrs nh[kk ^pksj*
fdUrq ugha jkkkdk blls ukpk js eu eksjA
gqbZ {kqCk] lkxjesa tSls ygjksadk gks jgk 'kksj
v"Ve% lxZ%foy{;y{ehifr%
273
gs ek/ko! gs dey&foykspu! ouekyh! jlHkhus!

viuh O;Fkk&gkfj.khds f<x tkvks gs ijyhus!
ckycksfkuhfiNyh jkr Jhjkkk lc dYiuktky
jprh jgha] fojgesa Jh".kdh ckV tksgrh jgha] Jh".k
ugha vk;s] Jhjkkk fojgls ttZfjr gks xbZ] fonh.kZ gks xbZ]
jkr Hkj enekrs olUrdh c;kjdh O;Fkkdk lUns'k&izfrlUns'k
igqpkrh jghaA ml olUrh jkresa nlksa fn'kkvksals Hkkfr&Hkkfrds
Qwyksadh xUk vkSj dkeds 'kjksals vkgr gks x;ha] ladsrLFky
ij foyki djrh jgha] feyusds lius ns[krh jgha] feyudh
Le`fr;ksaesa [kks;h jghaA dSlk vt fojg] brusesa gh
izkr%dky gks x;kA dSlh fcMEcuk gS fd ekfuuh ukf;dkvksd
a k
eku vius fiz;reds le{k vkSj Hkh vfHkor gks tkrk
gSA Jh".k muds lkeus mifLFkr gksdj iz.kke djrs gq,
vR;fkd vuqu; djusokys] iz.kreku gksdj lkURouk nsus
yxs] muds dksidks nwj djusdk iz;kl djus yxs] ijUrq
dke&ihM+kls ttZfjrk Jh".kds 'kjhjesa lEHkksxdk fp
ns[kdj os vkSj Hkh vfkd vkhj gks x;haA Jhjkkkds
pj.kksaesa Jh".kdk >qduk izsedh ijkdk"Bk gS] Jhjkkkds
izk.k d.Bxr gaS] fiz;ds n'kZuls gh Jhjkkkesa vlw;k Hkko
izokfgr gksus yxk vkSj os dgus yx
lIrn'k% lUnHkZ%
xhre~
HkSjohjkx;frrkykH;ka xh;rsA
xhrxksfoUn dkO;dk ;g l=gok izcUk HkSjo&jkx
rFkk ;fr&rkyls xk;k tkrk gSA
jtfu&tfur&xq#&tkxj&jkx&d"kkf;reyl&fues"ke~A
ogfr u;ueuqjkxfeo LQqVeqfnr&jlkfHkfuos'ke~
274
JhxhrxksfoUne~
gfj gfj ;kfg ekko ;kfg ds'ko ek on dSrookna

rkeuqlj ljlh#gykspu ;k ro gjfr fo"kkne~kzqoe~
vUo;jtfu&tfur&xq#&tkxj&jkx&d"kkf;re~ (jtU;ka
tfursu xq#.kk nh?ksZ.k tkxjs.k tkxj.ksu ;ks jkxLrsu]
rL;keuqjkxs.k p d"kkf;ra yksfgrhra) rFkk vylfues"ka
(vylsu fues"k% fuehyua ;= ra) rFkkp mfnrjlkfHkfuos'ka
(mfnr% izdfVr% jlkfHkfuos'k% rL;k% lqjrs vfHkfuos'k%
;su rFkkHkwra) ro u;ua LQqVe~ (vfHkO;e~) vuqjkxa
cgrho (kkj;rho)_ rka izfr ro fn fLFkrksuqjkx%
izkpw;kZr~ vjfoUnp{kq"kk fuxZr bo izrh;rs bfr Hkko%_ gs
ekko Roa ;kfg] gs ds'ko Roa ;kfg f}#DR;k dksikfkD;a
lwfpre~_ dSrookna (Ronsdijk;.kksgfefr diVopua) ek
on_ gs ljlh#gykspu (deyykspu_ n`f"Vikrek=s.kSo
eqXkhtuopuijk;.k bR;fHkizsR;FkZ%) gfj gfj ([ksns)
Rokksfi opuprqjk ;k lgtizsekufHkKL; ro fo"kkna
(dkiVkikfnroSeuL;a) gjfr] rke~ (ro fpkkuq:iprqjO;kikjka
dkUrke~) vuqlj (vuqxPN)
vuqokngs gfj! (viuh lqyfyr u;u&Hkfekls
voykvksads eudks gj.k djusokys) eq>s [ksn gSA gs
ekko! tkvks! gs ds'ko! pys tkvks! rqe >wB er
cksyks! tks rqEgkjs nq%[kdk gj.k dj ldrh gS] rqe mlhds
ikl pys tkvks! jkf=esa cgqr vfkd tkxj.kds dkj.k
vylrke; eUn&eUn fuehfyr] jfr jlkos'k la;q vkj
u;u ml oztlqUnjhds izfr izcykuqjkxdks vHkh Hkh
izdkf'kr dj jgs gSaA
i|kuqokn
uS'k tkxj.kls jrukjh cuh l[ks! gSa vk[ksaA
jg&jgdj >i&>i mBrh gS e`nq iydksadh ik[ksa
275
Nyd jgh vuqjkx ekkqjh vylkbZ ^dksjksa* lsA

og dkSu ckh lh >yd jgh gS js'keds Mksjksals
gs ekko! gs dey foykspu! ouekyh! jlHkhus!A
viuh O;Fkkgkfj.khds Bx] tkvks gs ijyhus!
ckycksfkuhJh".kdh vk[ksa jkrHkj tkxusds dkj.k
vkSj fojgkuqHkwfrls yky gks x;h gSa vkSj vylrk gsrq
ckj&ckj eqnh tk jgh gSa] ,slh vuqjftr vk[kksadks ns[kdj
Jhjkkk Jh".kdks Hkkoksadh lkFkZdrk gsrq dbZ ukeksals
lEcksfkr djrh gSaliRuh fo"k;d bZ";kZ izdV djrh gSaA
gfj! gfj!;s nksuksa vO;; in ^[ksn* izdV djusds fy,
iz;q gq, gSaA xku NUndks iw.kZ djusds fy, Hkh LrksHk
:iesa budk iz;ksx gks ldrk gSA [kf.Mrk Jhjkkk vius
lEeq[k iz.kroku vius fiz;ls dgrh gSags ekko! gs
y{ehifr! tkvks! pys tkvks! vki vU;kl gSa] fdl
izdkj nwljksadh izrkM+uk djksxs;g êk* 'kCnls |ksfrr
gksrk gSA vFkok ek vFkkZr~ y{eh LoHkkols ppyk gSa]
muds ifrdk Hkh ppy gksuk ;qflaxr gh gSA eSa ,d
ifrijk;.kk gw] vki eq>ls fdl izdkj Lusg dj ldrs
gSa\ vr% pys tkvksA bl izdkj nks"kkjksi vkSj frjLdkj
dj iqu% vlUrq"V gksdj dgus yxhags ds'ko! pys
tkvks! iz'kLr gSa ds'k ftlds] mlesa vuqj jgus
okys;g ^ds'ko* 'kCndh O;qRifk gksrh gSA vki fdlh
ds'klaLdkjorh LoSfj.khesa jr jgsa;gk ^ds'ko* 'kCnesa
O; gSA vr% gs ds'ko vFkkZr~ gs cgqcYyHk! eq>
,d&ijk;.kkls bl dSrooknls D;k iz;kstuNy&okD;
er cksyksA eq> nq%[khesa jks"k D;ksa gS] ;fn ;g vk'kk
djrs gks] rks lquks,slk ugha gSA gs ljlhlgykspu! vFkZkr~
dqeqnykspu tks rqEgkjk fo"kkn gj ysrh gS] mlh (fiz;k]
cgqcYyHk) dk vuqlj.k djksA vuq:idk vuq:ikesa gh
276
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vuq:i izse gksrk gSA 'yksdesa ^ljlh#gykspu* 'kCn dgk

x;k gSA ljlh#g 'kCn ^dey* ,oa ^dqeqn* nksuksadk leku
:ils okpd gSA Jh".kdk deyykspuRo iz[;kr gS]
fdUrq Jhjkkkdks rks ;gk ljlh#g 'kCnls dqeqn :ih vFkZ
gh vfHkizsr gSA dqeqn jkf=Hkj fodflr jgrk gS vkSj
fnoldks ns[kdj eqdqfyr gks tkrk gSA Jh".k Hkh
pUoa'kh gSa] vr% jkr fdlh ukf;dkds lkFk pUekds
leku gh tkxdj fcrk;h gSA iqu% Jhjkkk Jh".kls
dgrh gSarqEgkjh vk[kksaesa vuqjkx vHkh Hkh fn[kk;h ns
jgk gS] jkxdh ykfyek:ih nks"k vHkh Hkh fo|eku gS]
rRdkyhu mfnr k`kj jldk vuqjkxe; vfHkfuos'k vHkh
Hkh vk[kksaesa yf{kr gks jgk gSA tSlk fpk oSlh prqjkbZA
mu rhu lEckskuksadh O;k[;k bl izdkj Hkh gksrh
gS
ekkovki gekjs ^ko* vFkkZr~ ifr ugha gSa] ifr
gksrs rks D;k opuk djrsA ;FkkFkZesa êk* vFkkZr~ Jhjkkk
vkSj ^ko* muds izk.kfiz;re gSaA
ds'kotks iz"V os'k&Hkw"kkdks kkj.k djrs gSa] lnk
gh ftuds ds'k eq gSaA
ljlh#gykspulnk vkuUnesa Mwcs gq, gksusds dkj.k
vZfuehfyr us=okys gSaA
gk;! jkrHkj ftlus d#.kk cjlkbZ gS] mlhds ikl
tkvksA
;g lqudj Jh".k cksyseSa rqels ,d izk.k vkSj
,d 'kjhj gwA jkks! eSa lp dgrk gw fd eSaus fdlh nwljh
L=hdk l ugha fd;k] esjh vk[ksa gSa gh yky jdh]
fdlh vukds lkFk tkxj.kds dkj.k ugha] vylrkls
vk[ksa eqn jgh gSa
277
dTty&efyu&foykspu&pqEcu&fojfpr&uhfye&:ie~A
n'ku&olue#.ka ro ".k! ruksfr ruksjuq:ie~
gfj gfj ;kfg ekko-----
vUo;RofPpUr;So tkxjkks=s es jkx%] urw vU;L;k
jfrjkxkfnfrpsr~ r=kggs ".k] dTty&efyu&foykspu&
pqEcu&fojfpr&uhfye:ie~ (dTtysu efyu;ks% foykspu;ks%
us=;ks% rL;k bfr 'ks"k%] pqEcusu fojfpra uhfye:ia ;=
rkn`'ka) ro v#.ka (lgtyksfgra) n'kuolua (vkj%)
vkq u k ruks % (ro 'kjhjL;) vuq : ia (ln` ' k:ia
';kerkfeR;FkZ%) ruksfr (O;uf) gfj gfj ;kfg ekko
;kghR;kfn loZ= ;kstuh;e~
vuqoknvkidh n'ku&iafds&olu Lo:i v#.k
o.kZds lqUnj vkj ozt;qofr;ksads dktyls vftr u;uksads
pqEcu djusls ".ko.kZ gksdj vkids 'kjhjds vuq:i gh
".krkdks izkIr gks jgs gSaA
i|kuqokn
mldh dtjkjh
vk[kksads
pqEculs gSa dkysA
v#.k vkj ;s Nyh! rqEgkjs] nh[k jgs erokys
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk vius vUrjesa [kf.Mrkdk vkjksi
djds cM+s eeZHksnh O;ok.kksals ekkodks Hksnus yxrh
gSa".k! diVrkdh vko';drk ugha gSA ;fn rqe ;g
dgrs gks fd nwljh fdlh Hkh je.khds lkFk eSaus jkr ugha
fcrk;h gS rks ;s vk[ksa bruh yky&yky D;ksa gks jgh gSa\
mlh vuqjkfx.khds izfr vHkh Hkh rqEgkjk izse rqEgkjh
vk[kksaesa >yd jgk gSA Jh".k dgus yxsfiz;s! eSa lp
dgrk gw fd eSaus fdlh Hkh je.khds lkFk jkf= tkxj.k
ugha fd;k] vylrkds dkj.k esjh vk[ksa cUn gks jgh gSaA
Jhjkkk dgus yxhaiqu% ;g rqEgkjs yky vkj dkys D;ksa
gks jgs gS\
a rqEgkjs 'kjhjds vuq:i jkrHkj mldh dkty&vth
278
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vk[kksadk rqeus pqEcu fd;k gSA tkvks] mlhds ikl tkvks]

ftlus rqEgkjh vk[kksadks jk gS] bu gksBksadks jaxk gS]
jkrHkj viuh d#.kk cjlk;h gS] eq>ls >wBh ckrsa er
djks] tkvks! jfr jlkos'kesa la;q gq, vkids vkj
u;u ml oztlqUnjhds izfr izcy vuqjkx :i jaxls jaftr
gksdj izdkf'kr gks jgs gSaA
oiqjuqgjfr
ro
Lej&lj&[kju[kj{kr&js[ke~A
jdr&'kdy&dfyr&dykkSr&fyisfjo jfr&t;ys[ke~
vUo;RofPpUrk'kksdus efyuks;ekjks urq vU;ukjhus=&
pqEcukfnR;kgLej&lj&[kj&u[kj&{krjs[ka (Lejljs
eUeFk;qs [kjS% rh{.kS% ck.kSfjo u[kjS% {krkU;so js[kk%
;fLeu~ rr~) ro oiq% ('kjhja) ejdr&'kdy&dfyr&dykkSr&
fyisfjo (ejdr'kdys uhyef.k[k.Ms dfyrk virk ;k
dykkSrL; lqo.kZL; fyfi% v{kjfoU;kl% rL;k bo)
jfrt;ys[ka (jrs% t;ys[ke~ fot;i=e~) vuqgjfr (ln`'khdjksfr)
oiq"k% ".kRokr~ u[k{krL; jRokPp ejdrkirfyis%
lkE;e~
vuqoknvkidk ;g ';key 'kjhj dkedsfyds le;
jfrj.kfuiq.kk dkfeuhds iz[kj u[kksals js[kkfr gqvk gS]
,slk izrhr gksrk gS] ekuks ejdref.k:ih nhokj ij
Lo.kZfyfils jfr&t;&ys[k vafdr dj fn;k gksA
i|kuqokn
Lej&laxj&[kj u[k&{kr&js[kk vafdr oiq ij ,slsA
uhy iVy ij jfr&t; ys[kk] Lo.kZ&fyf[kr gks tSls
viuh O;Fkk&gkfj.khds fBx tkvks
gs ijyhus!
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk dgrh gS
a gs ".k! rqEgkjk vax&vax
rqEgkjh dke&dsfydh dgkuh dg jgk gSA ml je.khus
279
vkids o{k%LFky ij rh{.k u[k{kr fd;k gS,slk yx

jgk gS fd rqEgkjk n; j.kHkwfe gS] ;gk fodV ;q gqvk
gSA uhyo.kZ vkids oiqij ml je.khds }kjk fd;s x;s
u[k&{krksadh ykfyeke;h rh{.k js[kk, ,slh izrhr gks jgh
gSa] ekuks ejdref.kdh uhyh f'kykij Lo.kZ&eflls fy[kh
gqbZ fyfi gks] jfrt;i=h gksA ;g t;&ys[k viuk
fot;&lUns'k dg jgk gSA dkehds izfr dkfeuhdk Hkstk
x;k ;g dsfyys[kêSaus jfrhM+kesa bls lEiw.kZ:is.k thr
fy;k gSA dkfeuhds }kjk nwr:iesa Hksts tkusds dkj.k
^vkeRo* gh O;aX;kFkZls lwfpr gks jgk gSA ^[kj* 'kCnls
Jhjkkkdk fo'ks"k vfHkizk; gS,d rks blls foyklHkrk
lwfpr gksrh gS] nwljs u[k&vk?kkr&{kr ,sls gksus pkfg,]
ftlesa rh{.krk u gks] vfirq e`nqrk gksA rh{.krk rks
d"Vnkf;uh gksrh gSA yxrk gS ml je.khdks jfrfoykldk
Kku gS gh ughaA rqe tkvks! Jh".kus mkj fn;kjkks!
eSa rqEgsa daVdkdh.kZ ouksaesa [kkst jgk Fkk] ogha dkVksals esjk
'kjhj {krfo{kr gks x;k gS] ;s fdlh je.khds u[k&{kr
ugha gaSA
pj.kdey&xynyd&flfena ro n;eqnkje~A
n'kZ;rho cfgeZnu&qe&uo&fdly;&ifjokje~
vUo;rokUos"k.ks Hkze.kkr~ ous eesna oiq% d.VdS%
{kra urq u[k{krkuhekuhfr psr~ rkbna ro mnkja
(euksgja) n;a rL;k% ize
s ksYyklr% pj.k&dey&xynyd
&fla (pj.k&deykH;ka xyrk ork vydsu fle~)_
vr,o enuqe&uo&fd'ky;&ifjokja (enuqeL; n;LFkL;
dkeo`{kL; uofd'ky;&ifjokja ckyiYyolewga) n;kr~
cfg% n'kZ;rho (izdV;rho)
vuqoknvkids iz'kLr n;ij ojkukds pj.k&deyksd
a s
280
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vyd jlls jftr yksfgr o.kZ fp ,sls izrhr gks jgs

gSa] ekuks vkids vUr%dj.kesa vofLFkr cewy enu&o`{kds
v#.k&o.kZ uwru iYyo ckgj vfHkO; gks jgs gSaA
i|kuqokn
dey pj.kds for vydkls mj Hkhxk (D;k lh[ks)\
vUrjdk Lej&r#&fdly; lk Nk;k ckgj nh[ks
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk O;aX;iwod
Z Jh".kls dgrh gS
a vgks]
vkidk n; vfr mnkj gSdSlk euksgj Lo:i kkj.k
fd;k gS! vkius rks vfr izseksYyklls vkSnk;Zdks vfHkO;
djrs gq, ml dkfeuhds pj.kdeyksadks gh n;esa kkj.k
dj fy;k gSA mlds pj.kksals for vkyrk&jldk yky
jax vkids o{k%LFkydks jftr dj jgk gSA ';ke&o.kZ
ij tkod&jldk yky&o.kZ rqEgkjh 'kksHkkdks vkSj Hkh
vfHko`f dj jgk gSA ,slk yxrk gS] rqEgkjk n;fLFkr
vuqjkx gh dker#ds uo&uo fdly;ksadh Hkkfr yky
o.kZds :iesa ckgj izdkf'kr gks jgk gSA rqEgkjs n;esa
fo|eku dkeo`{kds uohu iYyo ckgj fudy jgs gSaA ;g
rqEgkjs vUr%dj.kdk fuf"k izseO;kikj enu&o`{kds :iesa
rqEgkjh n;LFkyh ij mx vk;k gSA bu pj.k&fpksads
:iesa bl o`{kds u;s&u;s yky&yky iYyo fn[kk;h ns
jgs gSaA rqe ml vuqjkxdks fNik ugha ik jgs gksA rqEgkjs
fy, ;gk dqN ugha gS] tkvks!
dqN Vhdkdkjksads erkuqlkj bl dFkuds }kjk Jhjkkkdk
vfHkizk; ;g gS fd Jh".k }kjk ml ukf;dkds lkFk
ksk uked cUkfo'ks"kls je.k fd;k x;k gSA
Jh".kus viuh fueZyrk izLrqr djrs gq, dgk;g
rks xSfjdkfn kkrqvksadk fp=fp gS] eSaus fdlh Hkh
vukds pj.kdeyksadks kkj.k ugha fd;k] u gh fdlhds
egkojdks n;esa yxk;k gSA
281
n'ku&ina Hkonkj&xra ee tu;fr psrfl [ksne~A

dFk;fr dFkekqukfi e;k lg ro oiqjsrnHksne~
vUo;xS f jdfpf=res r r~ ukU;kuk&pj.kkyd&
flfefrpsr~ r=kg,rr~ (izR;{kn`"Va) ro oiq% ('kjhja)
vkqukfi (,oa HkkokUrjekifrrsfi) e;k lg vHksna (,sD;a_
uko;ks H ks Z n bfr) dFka dFk;fr (lw p ;fr)_ (rL;k%
rRdFkuizdkjekg_ ;r% Hkonkjxra n'kuina (nUr{kra)
ee psrfl [ksna tu;fr O;ksffj;e~_ RonkjfLFkrL;
efPpkO;FkktudRokr~ vHksnks Kk;rs_ u;ujkxkfnda Nuk
vkPNkfnre~ bnUrq mfnrpU dykor~ izdk'kekufefr
Hkko%
vuqoknml foykfluhds nUr vk?kkrls vkids vkj
{kr&fo{kr gks jgs gSa] ftUgsa ns[k esjs vUr%dj.kesa [ksn
mRiUu gksrk gS vkSj vc Hkh] vki dgrs gSa fd rqEgkjk
'kjhj eq>ls i`Fkd~ ugha gS] vfHkUu gSA
i|kuqokn
y[k vkjksa ij nUr{krksadks fNn tkrk th esjkA
fQj Hkh D;ksa dksbZ dgrk gS] ^jkks! gS gfj rsjk*
gs ekko! gs dey&foykspu! ouekyh! jlHkhus!
viuh O;Fkkgkfj.khds fBx tkvks gs ijyhus!!
ckycksfkuhgs ".k! u;u jkx bR;kfndks rqe
Ny&N okD;ksals vkPNkfnr dj ldrs gks] ijUrq ml
foykfluhds nkrksals {kr&fo{kr vkj&iYyodks dSls Nqik
ikvksxs tks pUdykdh Hkkfr izdkf'kr gks jgk gS\ rqEgkjh
;g fuyZTt glh esjs fpkesa nkg iSnk djrh gS] lqjrdkyesa
rqEgkjs gksBksa ij ml je.khds ^n'ku* dh Nki eq>esa [ksn
mRiUu dj jgh gS] fojgds dkj.k esjh n'kk n'keh fLFkfr
rd igqp x;h gSA ckj&ckj ;gh dgrs gksge&rqe ,d
282
JhxhrxksfoUne~
gSaij bl fLFkfresa rqe vHksn

gksrqe pys tkvksA
Jh".kus lQkbZ nhfiz;s!
}kjk na'ku dj fy;s tkusls gh
bu vkjksa ij fdlh je.khdk
dSls vfHkO; dj ldrs

;g rks lkSjHkyqCk Hkzejksads
esjs vkj {kr gks jgs gSa]
na'ku ugha gSA
cfgfjo efyurja ro ".k euksfi Hkfo";fr uwue~A

dFkeFk
op;ls
tueuqxrele'kjTojnwue~
vUo;lkSjHkyqCkHkzejs.k n`"Vks;ekjks urq vU;ukf;dk&
pqEcukfnfrpsr~] rnfi ugs ".k ro efyukReda eu%
vfi cfgfjo cka 'kjhjfeo) uwua (fuf'pra) efyurja
(".ka) Hkfo";frA vFk (vU;Fkk) vuqxra (Ronsdk;ka)
vle&'kj&Tojnwua (vle'kjL; dkeL; Tojs.k nwua lUrIra)
eka dFka op;ls (izrkj;fl) ('kqkUr%dj.kL; us;a
jhfrfjR;FkZ%
vuqokngs ".k! tSls rqEgkjk 'kjhj efyu gS] oSls
gh rqEgkjk eu Hkh vo'; gh efyu gks x;k gksxkA ;fn
,slk u gksrk rks enu&'kjls ttZfjr vius vuqxr
(vkfJr) tudh bl izdkj opuk u djrsA
i|kuqokn
eu Hkh ru lk ".k! rqEgkjk cuk gqvk gS dkykA
viuh tku tykrs jgrs (iM+k fuBqjls ikyk)
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk [ksndks izkIr gksdj Jh".kls
dgrh gSags ".k! ckgjls rqe ftrus dkys gks] vUnjls
rqe mlls Hkh vfkd dkys gksA LoHkkor% mnkj ,oa
mTToy eu esjs izfr bruh mnklhurk dSls cjr ldrk
gS\ vius gh vuqdwy] vius gh vkfJrtuds lkFk bruk
Ny] esjh mis{kk dj ijk;h je.khds lkFk foykl] tks
283
efyu&eu gksrk gS] ogh vius vkfJr O;fds lkFk Ny

dj ldrk gSA eSa rks igysls gh dke&'kjksals ihfM+rk gw]
dels de bl fLFkfresa rks kks[kk ugha nsuk pkfg,A tkvks
Nfy;k! rqe ;gkls pys tkvksA dksbZ 'kq vUr%dj.k
okyk O;f ,slk dHkh ugha dj ldrkA
Jh".kus dgkjkks! eq>ij O;FkZ gh 'kadk er
djks] eSa dHkh Hkh rqEgkjh opuk ugha dj ldrk gwA
Hkzefr Hkokuoyk&doyk; ous"kq fde= fofp=e~A

izFk;fr iwrfudSo okw&ok&funZ;&cky&pfj=e~
vUo;u op;kE;ga Roeso eqkk 'kls bR;r
vkgHkoku~ voyk&doyk; (voykuka doyk; xzklk;
dkUrkokkk;sfr ;kor~) ous"kq Hkzefr v= fo"k;s d
fofp=a u fdeihR;FkZ%_ v= mnkgj.kekgiwrfudk
(iwruk) ,o okq&ok&funZ;&ckypfj=a (okqoks ukjhgR;k;ka
funZ;a ckypfj=a) fd;r~ izFk;fr (foLrkj;fr) urq
loZfeR;FkZ%_ ckY;s psno
s a dS'kksjs fde= fofp=fefr Hkko%
vuqoknvki vcykvksadk ck djusds fy, gh
ou&ouesa Hkze.k dj jgs gks] blesa vk'p;Z gh D;k gS!
ckY;&pfj=esa gh vkius iwrukdk ok djds vius funZ;
fu"Bqj LoHkkodk ifjp; fn;k gS] ukjhckijk;.krk rks
vkids pfj=esa gS ghA
i|kuqokn
vcyk&okdh lkk fy;s] rqe ou ou Mksy jgs gksA
ckypfjrdk izFke i`"B D;k fQjls [kksy jgs gks\
viuh O;Fkkgkfj.khds f<x tkvks gs ijyhus!AA
ckycksfkuhiqu% Jhjk/kkus dgk;g rks vkidh
LoHkkoflrk gh gS fd ouksaesa vki vcykvksadks ^xzlus*
284
JhxhrxksfoUne~
ds fy,] mudk ck djuds fy, gh ?kwers gSa] esjk Hkh

ck dj jgs gks rks blesa oSfp; gh D;k gS\ vkius rks
vius ckY;dkyesa gh dal&Hkfxuh] ;qfiz;k iwrukdk
ckdj [;kfr ik;h gS] rks esjh tSlh vcykdk ck djuk
rks fdruk vklku gSA tc ,slh izcyk vkids }kjk
dkydofyr gks x;h] rks esjh tSlh vcykdk ck djusesa
vk'p;Z gh D;k gS\ 'kkL=ksaesa L=h&ck fuf"k dgk x;k
gS] fuUnuh; ekuk x;k gS] ij vkidh ;g u`'kalrk rks
tUefl gh gSA ikdj pys tkvksA vc rks vki ;qod
gSa] ,slh fLFkfresa eq> tSlh L=hdk ck djusesa vkidks dksbZ
iz;kl Hkh ugha djuk iM+sxkA gs fu"Bqj! vc jgus Hkh nksA
Jht;nso&Hkf.kr&jfr&ofpr&[kf.Mr&;qofr&foykie~A
k`.kqr lqkk&ekqja focqkk! focqkk y;rksfi nqjkie~
vUo;gs fooqkk% (Jh".kekqjyhykLoknprqjk%_ nsok
ok) lqkkekqja (lqkk;k% vfi ekqja) vr,o fooqkky;rksfi
(LoxkZnfi_ v= lIrE;kLrfl%) nqjkia (nqyZHka) Jhjkkk".kks&
iklukyH;Rokr~_ r=sna ukLrhfr Hkko% Jht;nso&Hkf.kr&
jfrofpr[kf.Mr&;qofr&foykia (Jht;nsosu Hkf.kre~ ma
jfrofprk;k% [kf.Mrk;k% ;qoR;k% Jhjkkk;k% foykia)
k`.kqrA (vkd.kZ;r)
vuqokngs fo}kuksa! Jht;nso dfo }kjk fojfpr
[kf.Mrk] jfrofprk ;qorh Jhjkkkdk ve`rls Hkh vfkd
lqekqj ,oa lqjyksdesa Hkh lqnqyZHk foykidk Jo.k djsaA
i|kuqokn
t;nso dfFkr jfr&oafpr [kafMr ;qorh tudk
foyki gS] Nw ysrk tks vUrj Hkkoqd eudk
285
ckycksfkuh;gk dfo Jht;nsous fo}kuksa vFkok

nsorkvksadks lEcksfkr djrs gq, dgk gSgs fo}kuksa!
vfHky"k.kh; jfrls ofpr [kf.Mrk ;qorhds foykidks
lquks] ;g foyki ve`rls Hkh vfkd ekqj gSA Jh".kds
}kjk misf{krk Jhjkkk jfr&hM+kls ofpr gqbZ gSa] vr%
vius fiz;redh fojg&osnukesa tks og foyki dj jgh gSa]
ml lqkkdk jlkLoknu nsoyksdesa dnkfi laHko ugha gSA
nsoyksdesa lokZfkd lqekqj oLrq ve`r gS] ij Jhjkkkds
foykidh rqyukesa og ve`r ux.; gS] bls rks euq";&ruls
bl HkkSe txresa gh izkIr fd;k tk ldrk gSA vr% tks
fo}ku ve`r&izkfIrds fy,] lqjrdh miyfCkds fy,
ykykf;r jgrs gSa] mUgsa bl vrqyuh; HkkSe&lqkkdk iku
vo'; gh djuk pkfg,A
izLrqr izcUkdh ukf;dk Jhjkkk [kf.Mrk gS] ftldk
y{k.k gS
fuk&d"kk;&eqdqyhr&rkezus=ks
ukjh&u[koz.kfo'ks"k&fofp=rk%
A
;L;k% dqrksfi ifrjsfr x`ga izHkkrs
lk [k.Msfr dfFkrkdfofHk% iqjk.kS%
vFkkZr~ fu'kk tkxj.kds dkj.k jkresa ftldh fuk
iwjh u gks ldh] og yky us=ksaokyk] vU; je.khds
u[k&{krksads fpksals fo'ks"k fofp= vksaokyk] fdlh ukf;dkdk
ifr (fiz;re) dghals izkr%dky tc x`gesa izos'k djrk gS]
ml ukf;dkdks dfo;ksaus [kf.Mrk dgk gSA
bl xhrxksfoUn dkO;ds l=gosa izcUkdk uke ^y{ehifr&
jRukoyh* gSA blesa es?kjkx gS] foizyEHk ukedk k`kj
vkSj d#.k jl gSA
rosna i';UR;k%
izljnuqjkxa
cfgfjoA
fiz;k&ikn&y&PNqfjre#.k|ksfr&n;e~
286
JhxhrxksfoUne~
eek|
iz[;kriz.k;HkjHksu
fdroA
Ronkyksd% 'kksdknfi fdefi yTtka tu;fr
vUo;gs fdro (kwkZ) fiz;kiknkyPNqfjra (fiz;k;k%
rL;k% ukf;dk;k% iknkysu pj.kkyd&jlsu PNqfjra
O;kIra) lqrjka v#.k|ksfr (v#.ka |ksr;rhfr v#.kdkfUr)
(vr,o) cfg% izljnuqjkxfeo (izlju~ izo` xPNu~
vuqjkx% ;Lekr~ rFkkHkwrfeo) ro vuqjkxks n;a fHkok
cfgofuxZr bo bfr HkkokFkZ% ro n;a i';UR;k% rokxeu
izrh{kek.kk;k% ee v| Ronkyksd% (ro n'kZu)a iz[;kr&
iz.k;HkjHksu (iz[;krL; izflL; iz.k;L; ;% Hkj% vkfr'k;a
rL; HkLrsu gsruq k) 'kksdknfi (Rof};ksxnq%[kknfi) fdefi
(vfuoZpuh;ka thou&ej.k;ks% lUnsgkikfndka) yTtka tu;fr
vuqokngs 'kB! vkt fiz; oztkukds pj.kksads
vyd jlesa jftr vkidk v#.k |qfrls ;q n;
vkids n;fLFkr izcy vuqjkxdks ckgj izdV dj jgk
gS] ftls ns[kdj vkidk esjk fpj&izfl iz.k; foPNsfnr
gks jgk gSA blls esjs fpkesa 'kksddh vis{kk yTtk gh
vfkd mn~Hkwr gks jgh gSA
i|kuqokn
ns[k rqEgkjs mj ij ^mlds* pj.k&deydh Nk;kA
Hkhrjdk gh izse&Hkko T;ksa ckgj gksdj vk;kA
gqvk u eq>dks 'kksd] gqbZ eSa yTtkls vfr uhps
esjs jgrs dkSu lqgkfxfu esjs fi;dks [khaps
ckycksfkuhvc [kf.Mrk gksus ij Hkh jkfkdk izkS<+Rodk
vkyEcu djds Jh".kij vk{ksi djrh gqbZ dgrh gSgs
fdro! gs diVh! rqEgkjk voyksdu u djus ij rqEgkjs
vkxeudh izrh{kk djrs&djrs esjs lqfo[;kr iz.k;dk
vc foPNsn gksus tk jgk gSA rqEgkjk foPNsntfur nq%[k Hkh
eq>s vfuoZpuh; tSlk gh gks jgk gS] dSls dgw] thou&ej.kdk
287
iz'u&lk yx x;k gS] dSlk ladV mifLFkr gqvk gS] u th

ik jgh gw] u ej ik jgh gwA gs kwrZ! rqEgsa bl n'kkesa
ns[kdj eq>s 'kksd Hkh mruk ugha gksrk] ftruh fd yTtk
vuqHkwr gksrh gSA vkius ftl dkfeuhds lkFk je.k fd;k]
mlds pj.kksadks vius o{k%LFky ij kkj.k fd;k] mlds
iSjksadh egkojls vkidk o{k%LFky jkx&jftr gks x;k gSA
bl v#.kksn; dkyesa lU;kdkyhu v#.k&|qfrdks ns[kdj
,slk yx jgk gS fd tks vuqjkx vkius vius n;esa ogu
fd;k Fkk] og vkt ckgj izdV gks x;k gSA tgk vki
dkSLrqHkef.k kkj.k fd;k djrs Fks] ogk ml izs;lh miHkksx
fpksadks ns[kdj eSa yTtkls x<+h tk jgh gwA ftl vuU;
iz.k;ds vikj xoZls eSa ve;kZfnr :ils vkkfnr gqvk
djrh Fkh] vkius vius bl xgr vkpj.kls ml izsedk
lw= gh rksM+ fn;k] mldk miHkksx djds vkidks yTtk
Hkh ugha vkrhA kU; gks ".k! pys tkvks! gs Nfy;k!
eSaus rqels gh D;ksa izhfr dh\
izLrqr 'yksdesa f'k[kfj.kh NUn gSA
vfxze 'yksdesa Jh".kus fopkj fd;kbruk iz;Ru
djds Hkh Jhjkkkds vR;Ur izxk<+ ekudk fucZUk nwj ugha
gks jgk gSA vr% vc ca'kh nwrhdh lgk;rk ysuh iM+sxhA
nwljk dksbZ mik; ugha lw> jgk gS] ca'kh&ofuls jkfkdkdk
eku vo'; gh nwj gksxk,slk fopkjdj dfo t;nso
ca'khofuds }kjk vk'khokZndk foLrkj dj jgs gSaA
vUreksgZ u&ekSfy&?kw.kZu&pyUeUnkj&foa'ku
LrCkkd"kZ.k&n`f"Vg"kZ.k&egkeU=% dqjhn`'kke~A
nÌ;kuo&nw;eku&fnfo"kn~&nqokZj&nq%[kkinka
Hkza'k% dalfjiksgO;kiks;rq o% Js;kafl oa'khjo%
bfr lIrn'k lUnHkZ%A
bfr JhxhrxksfoUns egkdkO;s [kf.Mrko.kZus foy{k&
y{ehifrukZek"Ve% lxZ%A
288
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vUo;vFk oa'khjoJo.ksu Jhjkfkdk;k% vfrxk<+ksfi

eku% vi;kL;rhfr dfo% oa'khou o.kZ;u~ vkf'k"kekruksfr
dqjh&n`'kke~ (e`xykspukuke~) vUreksZgu&ekSfy&?kw.kZu&
pyUeUnkj&foalu&LrCkkd"kZ.k&n`f"V&g"kZ.k&egkeU=% (vUreksgZ us
eukseksgus ekSfy&?kw.kZus lkkq lkkq bfr f'kj%dEius pyrka
eUnkjk.kka nsor#&dqlqekuka foalus rFkk LrCks LrEHks]
vkd"kZ.ks] rFkk n`f"Vg"kZ.ks o'khdj.ks egkeU=%) rFkk
nÌ;kuonw;eku&fnfo"kn~&nqokZj&nq%[kkinka (nÌ;f% niZiw.kSZ%
nkuoS% nw;ekukuka ihMekukuka fnfo"knka nsokuka nqokZjk.kka
nq%[kkinke~ vfuok;Znq%[ki~fuka) Hkza'k% (oal% uk'kd
bR;FkZ%) oa'khjo&Jo.kek=s.kSo nsok% nSR;Hk;kr~ eqP;Urs
bfr Hkko% dalfjiks% (Jh".kL;) oa'khjo% o% (;q"ekda)
Js;kafl ('kqHkkfu) O;iksg;rq (foxrfo?ukfu djksrq) vr,o
foy{kks xk<+ekufoyksdkn~ foLe;kfUorks y{ehifr% Jhjkkkifr;Z=
l% bfr v"Ve% lxZ%
vuqoknxksfi;ksads vUr%dj.kdks eksgusokyh] ekSfyfLFkr
ef.ke; fdjhVksadks ?kw.kr djusokyh] ppy euksgj iq"iksadks
foHkzaf'kr djusokyh] nÌr nkuoksads }kjk fonfyr nsorkvksads
nquokj nq%[kdks nwj djusokyh] dqjhu;ukvksads fy, LrEHku]
vkd"kZ.k ,oa us=ksads g"kZdh vfHko`f djusokyh oa'khofu
vki lcds eye; ekxZds fo?uksadk uk'k djsA
ckycksfkuhizLrqr 'yksd }kjk bl lxZds vUresa
Jht;nso dfo vius ikBdksa ,oa Jksrkvksads fy,
eykpj.k:i vk'khokZn iznku djrs gq, dgrs gSadalkfj
Jh".kdk oa'khjo dY;k.kdk foLrkj djsA og oa'khofu
nihZys nkuoksads dkj.k nsorkvksadks gksusokys vl d"Vdks
nwj djusokyh gS] dqjhu;ukvksads vUr%dj.kdks bl
izdkj eksfgr djrh gS fd os vkuUnesa fueXu gks
f'kj'pkyu djus yxrh gSa vkSj ?kw.kr&ekSfy (eLrd) gks
289
tkrh gSa] os eqXk gksdj voyksdu fd;k djrh gSa]

LoxZyksddh vIljkvksadh eUnkj iq"idh ekyk bl oa'khofuls
Hkzaf'kr gksus yxrh gS] VwVus yxrh gSbl izdkj Jh".kdh
oa'khofudk ô'khdkjRo* crk;k gSA o'khr nsork lkkq&lkkq
dgdj f'kjkskwuuds }kjk iz'kalk djrs gSaA f'kjkskwuu ,oa
eUnkjds foHkza'kuls oa'khdk êkj.k* vfHkyf{kr gSA LrEHkRo
,oa vkd"kZ.kRo rks fl gh gSA oa'khofudks lqudj
ozt&dqjuk, fgjf.k;k vkd"kr gks LrfEHkr jg tkrh gSaA
mPpkVu rks oa'khjoesa izekf.kr gh gSA vUr%dj.kksadk
eksfgr gks tkuk eksguRo gSA bl izdkj eksguRo] o'khdj.kRo]
LrEHkRo] vkd"kZ.kRo] mPpkVuRo ,oa ekj.kRods xq.kksals
;q gksusds dkj.k oa'khofu egkea= Lo:i gSA bl
egkeU=Rodk tknw xksfi;ksals fo'ks"k :ils lEcfUkr gSA
Jh".k Jhjkkkds izxk<+ ekudks nwj djusds fy,
"kV~lkku lEiUu egkeU=Lo:i oa'khofu djus yxsA
bfr Jht;nsorkS JhxhrxksfoUns [kf.Mrko.kZus
foy{;y{ehifrukZek"Ve% lxZ%A
bl izdkj Jht;nso dfo iz.khr xhrxksfoUn dkO;ds
[kf.Mrk ukf;dk o.kZu izlesa foy{;y{ehifr uked
vkBosa lxZdh ckycksf/kuh O;k[;k lekIrA
yyy
290
JhxhrxksfoUne~
uoe% lxZ%
(eqXk&eqdqUn%)
rkeFk eUeFk&f[kUuka jfr&jl&fHkUuka fo"kkn&lEiUuke~A
vuqfpfUrr&gfj&pfjrka dygkUrfjrkeqokp jgfl l[kh
vUo;vFk vuUrje~_ (iz.kR;kfi ekukuixekr~ Jh".ks
vUrgrs lfr) l[kh jg% (,dkUrs ) dygkUrfjrka
(dygkUrfjrkoLFkka izkIrka) vr,o eUeFkf[kkka (eUeFksu
enusu f[kkk lUrIrk rka) jfrjlfHkkka (jfrjlsu lqjrkuUnsu
fHkkk [kf.Mrk rke~) fo"kknlEikka (fo"kknsu fpkDys'ksu
lEikk ;qk rke~) vuqfpfUrr&gfj&pfjrke~ (vuqfpfUrra
iqu%iquf'pfUrra gjs% pfjra pkVwf&ikn&irukfn ;;k rkn`'kha)
vUr#Rlqdkefi cfgekZukoxqf.Brka rka Jhjkkke~ mokp
dygkUrfjrky{k.ke~pkVqdkjefi izk.kukFka jks"kknikL; ;kA
i'pkkkieokIuksfr dygkUrfjrk rq lk bfr lkfgR;niZ.ks
vuqoknenuck.kls izihfM+rk] jfrofprk] fo"kkn;qk]
dygkUrfjrk] k`kj jlls ;q Jhgfjds pfj=ds fo"k;esa
lrr fpUru djus okyh Jhjkkkls l[khus ,dkUresa dgk
i|kuqokn
eUeFkf[kUus!
jfrjlfHkUus!
'kksd&foiUus jkks!A
gfj fpUru jr! lfyy u;uxr! cSBh gks pqi lkks
ekfufu! er vc eku djksA
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk Jh".kks lHkh okD;ksadk frjLdkj
djrh gaS] muds ;qf;q opuksa ,oa iz.kr&Hkko&leqnk;dks
Ny pkrqjh le>dj eu&gh&eu muds O;ogkjdh lekykspuk
djrh gaSA iz.k;dksils vusd izdkjds vk{ksi yxkrh gSaA
os ftruk Hkh iz.kr gksrs tkrs gSa] mudk eku mruk gh
c<+rk tkrk gS] iqu% Lor dygdks lksp&lksp dj
uoe% lxZ%eqXk&eqdqUn%
291
lUrIr gksrh gSa] mf}Xu gksrh gSa] dsoy gfjdh gh fpUrk

djrh gSabl izdkj Jhjkkkdh dygkUrfjrkoLFkkdh ikp
fo'ks"krkvksadk o.kZu fd;k x;k gS
eUeFkf[kUukdkedh mf}Xurkls Jhjkkkdks vR;fkd
d"Vdh vuqHkwfr gks jgh gSA
jfrjlfHkUukdke&dsfy jlls ofpr gksusds dkj.k
fo"kkn'kkfyuh gks jgh gSaA
fo"kknlEiUuke~lEHkksxds izfr vuqjf gksusds dkj.k
os Hkko'kcyrkdh fLFkfr rd igqp pqdh gSaA
vuqfpfUrrgfjpfjrkaos ckj&ckj Jh".kds pfj=dk
gh fpUru dj jgh FkhaA
dygkUrfjrklf[k;ksads lkeus vius iSjksa ij iM+rs
gq, izk.kcYyHkdks ns[kdj Hkh tks ukf;dk mUgsa cqjk&Hkyk
dgrh gS rFkk fu"ksk djrh gS] mls dygkUrfjrk ukf;dk
dgrs gSaA mlesa izyki] lUrki] Xykfu] nh?kZfu%'okl vkfn
ps"Vk, yf{kr gksusds dkj.k mls dygkUrfjrk dgk tkrk
gSA dygkUrfjrk ukf;dkdk y{k.k ;g gS
izk.ks'oja iz.k;dksifo'ks"k&Hkhra ;k
pkVqdkjeo/kh;Z fo'ks"kokfXe%A
lUrI;rs enuoff'k[kklewgSokZ"idqysg
dygkUrfjrk fglk L;kr~
vFk v"Vkn'k% lUnHkZ%A
xhre~
xqtZjhjkx&;frrkykH;ka xh;rsA
xhrxksfoUn dkO;dk izLrqr vBkjgok izcUk xqtZjh
jkx rFkk ;fr rkyds }kjk xk;k tkrk gSA
292
JhxhrxksfoUne~
^êkfufu! er vc eku djksA**
293
gfjjfHkljfr
ogfr ekqious
fdeijefkdlq[ka lf[k! Hkous
ekkos ek dq# ekfufuA ekue;skzqoine~
vUo;v;s ekfuuh (ekuofr jkks ) e` n q i ous
(ey;ek#rs) cgfr lfr gfj% (".k%) vfHkljfr
(lsrLFkkuek;kfr)_ rLekr~ ekkos ekua ek dq# (ekqo'a kksos
fJ;k egklEiks% iR;kS psfr ekukugZRokfnfr Hkko%) dFka
opdsfLeu~ ekuks u foks; bR;kglf[k Hkous (".kfoghus
x`gs) vije~ (vU;r~) vfkdlq[ka fde~ vfLr ekkokfHk&
lj.kknU;r~ lq[ka ukLR;sosfr Hkko%
vuqokngs ekfufu! ns[kks] bl le; eUn&eUn oklUrh
lehj izokfgr gks jgk gS] Jh".k vfHklkjds fy, rqEgkjs
lsr Hkouesa vk jgs gSaA gs lf[k! blls vfkd c<+dj
vkSj lq[k D;k gks ldrk gS\
i|kuqokn
eUn&eUn ekq ok;q fogjrh]
yk;h mldks ;gk] flgjrh]
cSBh ftldk ;ku kjksA
ekfufu! er vc eku djks
ckycksfkuhgs l[kh! vc rqEgsa y{ehifr ekkols
eku ugha djuk pkfg,] os ekqoa'kesa mRiUu gq, gSa]
egklEifkds vfkdkjh gSa] fQj Hkh rqEgsa euk jgs gSa] eukrs
pys tk jgs gSarqe eku djuk NksM+ nksA oklUrh c;kj
izokfgr gks jgh gS] gfj Lo;a rqEgkjs vfHklkjds fy, vk
jgs gSarqEgkjs gh Hkouesa vFkkZr~ ?kjesaA blls c<+dj lq[k
vkSj D;k gks ldrk gS\ mudk vkxeu lq[kdh ijkofk
gSjkks! rqe mudk lEeku djksA
294
JhxhrxksfoUne~
rky&Qyknfi
xq#efrljle~
d foQyh dq#"ks dqp&dy'ke~\
ekkos-----
vUo;lq[keLrq rsu ee fde~\ bfr psr~ LrukH;ka
fdeijkfefr lksRizklekgrkyQykr~ vfi xq#a (LFkkSY;su
dkfBU;su okqZyRosu p rkyQyknfi Js"Ba) vfrljla
(jlHkjiw.k) dqpdyla (LrudqEHka) fdeq (fdeFk) foQyhdq#"ks
(O;FkZ;fl) rnuqHkoa fcuk vL; foQyhdj.ka u ;qfeR;FkZ%
vuqoknlqiDo rky&Qyls Hkh xq#rj (Hkkjh) ,oa
vfr jliw.kZ bu dqp&dy'kksadks foQy D;ksa dj jgh gks\
i|kuqokn
yfTtr rky&Qyksadh xq#rk]
dqp&dy'kksadh vuqie jlrk]
jlef;! jldk nku djksA
ckycksfkuhl[kh dgrh gSa fd gs jkks! rqEgkjs
dqp&dy'k rky Qyls Hkh Js"B gSAa jl&'kkL=kse
a as rky&Qydks
vfr xq# ,oa jle; Qy crk;k x;k gSA vr% ftu
dqp&dy'kksadh jlrk ,oa xq#rkds lEeq[k rky Qydk
xq#Ro ,oa jlRo Hkh fu"V gks tkrk gS] mudh lkFkZdrk
rks gfjesa gS] gfjds Li'kZesa gS] bu dy'kksadk xq#Ro mUghads
fy, gS vkSj rqe mudk ms'; gh u"V dj jgh gksA
Lruksadh foLr`fr vfHkO; djusds fy, gh mudh rqyuk
dy'kksals dh x;h gSA eku NksM+ nks ,oa Jhgfjdks bl
jl&foykldk vuqHko djus nksA
dfr u dfFkrfeneuqinefpje~A
ek ifjgj gfjefr'k;&#fpje~
ekkos---
295
vUo;rnqins'ka fcuk bRFka f;rs bR;kgbne~

vuqine~ (ins ins) vfpje~ (vkquSo) dfr (drokja)
e;k u dfFkre~_ ;r~ vfr'k;&#fpja (vfrlqUnja) gj
(euksgj.k'khya) ek ifjgj (ek R;k{kh%)
vuqokneSa rqEgsa fdruh ckj dg jgh gw fd rqe
fujfr'k; lqUnj euksgj Jhgfjdk ifjR;kx er djksA
i|kuqokn
gfj&ru dfyr yfyr fg;gkjh]
Hkwyks eku] cuks cfygkjh]
fourh bruh
dku kjksA
ckycksfkuhl[kh dgrh gSgs jkks! eSa rqEgsa iqu%
iqu% le>k jgh gw fd rqe eku er djksA Jhgfj
:i&yko.;esa lcls lqUnj gSarqe viuk eku NksM+dj
mudk vfHklj.k djks] viuk euksHkko cnyks] Jhgfj
vfr'k; #fpj gSa] lcds eudks gj ysusokys gSa] mudk
R;kx dHkh Hkh mfpr ugha gSA
fdfefr fo"khnfl jksfnf"k fodyk\

foglfr ;qofrlHkk ro ldyk
ekkos---
vUo;,rnkd.;Z lkJqu=s ka izR;kgfodyk (O;kdqyk)
lrh fdfefr (fdeFk) fo"khnfl (fo"k..kk Hkofl) jksfnf"k
p ekfo"khn ekjksn bR;FkZ%_ ro ,oa O;kdqyrkeoyksD;
ldyk (lexzk) ;qofr lHkk (izfri{k&;qofr&lewg%) foglfr
(fo'ks"ks.k glfr)
vuqoknrqe bruh 'kksdfoy gksdj D;ksa jks jgh
gks\ rqEgkjs fodyrk&izn'kZd bu gko Hkkoksadks ns[kdj
rqEgkjh izfri{kh ;qofr;k izeqfnr gks jgh gSaA
296
JhxhrxksfoUne~
i|kuqokn
flld flld jksrh gks fodys]
r#.k l[kh glrh gS] rjysA
D;ksa >wBk vfHkeku djks\
ckycksfkuhl[khdh ckrksd
a ks lqudj Jhjkkk flld&flld
dj jksrh gSa] fcy[krh gSaA rc l[kh dgrh gSgs jkks!
bl le; rqe fo"kkn D;ksa dj jgh gks] D;ksa fcy[k jgh
gks\ rqEgkjh izfri{kh ;qofr;k rqEgkjs bu gko&Hkkoksadks
ns[kdj rqEgkjk migkl dj jgh gSaA fdruh uknku gks rqe]
lk{kkr~ Jhgfj rqEgkjs pj.kksaesa yq.Bu dj jgs gSa vkSj rqe
jksrh gh tk jgh gksA
lty&ufyuhnZy&'khfyr'k;usA
gfjeoyksd; lQy; u;us
ekkos---
vUo;;Fks;a ;qofrlHkk u foglfr rFkksifn'k
bR;kglty&ufyuh&ny&'khfyr&'k;us (ltyS% ufyuhnyS%
'khfyrs jfprs 'k;us 'k;k;ka) gfje~ voyksd;_ u;us
(us=s) lQy; (lQyhdq#)_ f=Hkqouu;uegksRlokoyksdukr~
vU;r~ Qya ukLrhfr Hkko%
vuqoknrqe lty deyds nyls jfpr 'khry
'k;k ij Jh".kdks izseHkjh n`f"Vls voyksdu dj
u;u&;qxydks lQy cukvksA
i|kuqokn
lty dey ty 'khry 'k;us
fiz; jkftr gSa] dy pyu;us!
iwjs
lc
vjeku djksA
297
ckycksfkuhl[kh Jhjkkkls dg jgh gSgs jkks!

ns[kks] bl vfHklj.k&LFky ij ghjd&gkjksals ;q 'khry
dey&iYyoksals jph lst ij Jhgfj ysV x;s gSa] rqe
mudk voyksdu djks ftuds fy, rjl jgh gks] muds
lkFk dSlk dyg\ os rqEgkjh izrh{kk dj jgs gSa] rqe eku
gh ugha NksM+ jgh gksA
tu;fl eufl fdfefr xq#[ksne~\

k`.kq ee opueuhfgr Hksne~
ekkos---
vUo;,rnkd.;Z f[k|Urha izkgfdfefr (dFka)
eufl (fpks) xq#[ksna (egr~ d"Va) tu;fl (lgls
bR;FkZ%) uSo foks;e~_ vuhfgrHksna (vuhfgre~ vpsf"Vr&
eufHkyf"krfefr ;kor~ fojgnq%[ka rL; Hksnks ;Lekr~ rkn`'ka_
;Fkk ;qo;ks% iqujfi fojgks u HkosnsoEHkwofeR;FkZ%) ee
opua k`.kq rFkk lfr iquLrs fojgnq%[ka ek HkforsR;FkZ%
vuqoknrqe eu&gh&eu bruh {kqCk D;ksa gks jgh
gks\ esjh ckr lquks] eSa fcuk fdlh Hksnds rqels fgrdh
ckr dgrh gwA
i|kuqokn
[ksn&Hkkjls cksf>y eu D;ksa\
dki jgk gS e`nq ru D;ksa ;ksa\
ckycksfkuhl[khdh ;s lc ckr lqudj Hkh Jhjkkk
nq%[kh gks jgh Fkha] rc l[khus iqu% dgkgs fiz; lf[k!
euesa bruk }s"k D;ksa Hkjk gqvk gS] D;ksa O;FkZdh vk'kadk,
rqEgkjs euesa mB jgh gSa\ bruk Hkkjh nq%[k D;ksa dj jgh
gksbl fonkjd fojgls rqe bPNkjfgr ps"Vkjfgr vfHkyk"kkjfgr
gks xbZ gksA ns[kks] esjh ckr lquks] eSa rqEgkjk vfgr ugha
pkgrh gw;g le> yksA rqeesa vkSj Jh".kesa fdlh Hkh
izdkjdk Hksn ugha gSA
298
JhxhrxksfoUne~
gfj#i;krq onrq cgq&ekqje~A

fdfefr djksf"k n;efrfokqje~
ekkos---
vUo;JksrO;esokggfj% mi;krq (lehiekxPNrq)
cgq ekqja (pkVq) onrqA fdfefr (dFka) n;e~ vfrfokqja
(O;kdqya) djksf"k\ JhgjseZkqjopusu eksnLo fpka ek
[ksn; bR;FkZ%
vuqoknJhgfjdks vius fudV vkus nks] lqekqj ckrsa
djus nks] D;ksa n;dks bruk vfkd nq%[kh dj jgh gks\
i|kuqokn
tk
cksyksals xku >jksA
ckycksfkuhl[kh dgrh gSgs fiz; jkks] gfjdks
vius lehi vkus nks] mUgsa ekqj ckrsa dgus nksA muls
rqEgkjk i`Fkd~ jguk Bhd ugha gSA muds pkVq okD;ksals
Lo;adks vkufUnr dj] mUgsa Hkh vkuUn iznku djksA rqEgkjk
n; mUghads fy, O;kdqy gS] rqe vius n;ds fo#
,slk D;ksa djrh gks\ O;FkZesa gh n;dks vfr'k; ofpr
dj jgh gks] blh rjg eku djds vius fpkdks lUrIr
djuk Bhd ugha gS] eku NksM+ nksA
Jht;nso&Hkf.krefr&yfyre~ A
lq[k;rq jfldtua gfj&pfjre~
ekkos---
vUo;gfj pfjra (gjs% pfjra ;= rr~) vr%
vfryfyra (vfreuksgja) Jht;nso&Hkf.kra (Jht;nsoksf%)
jfldtua (Jh".kyhykjgL;jlKa Hktua) lq[k;rq (lq[kh&
djksrq)
vuqoknJht;nso dfo }kjk fojfpr vfr lqyfyr
Jh".k&pfjr&dFkk jfldtuksadk lq[k&oZu djsA
299
i|kuqokn
dfo t;nso dfFkr ;g ok.khA
jfldtuksadks gks lq[knkuh
jl ifjiwfjr izk.k djksA
ckycksfkuhxhrxksfoUn dkO;ds bl vBkjgosa izcUkdk
uke veUneqdUq n gSA Jhgfjdh izlUurk ,oa jfld Hkxoksd
a h
izlUurk gh bl xkudk ,dek= ms'; vkSj Qy gSA dfo
t;nso dg jgs gSa eSaus tks ;g Jh".kdk pfjr o.kZu
fd;k gS] og vfr yfyr gS] ;g jfldksads n;esa
vkuUndk fokku djsA
fLuXks ;Ri#"kkfl ;Riz.kefr&LrCkkfl ;kfxf.k

}s"kLFkkfl ;nqUeq[ks foeq[krka ;krkfl rfLeu~&fiz;sA
r|qa foijhrdkfjf.k ro Jh[k.MppkZ fo"ka
'khrka'kqLriuks fgea gqrog% hMkeqnks ;kruk%
vUo;vFk rL;ka fu#kjk;ka jkkk;ka l[kh ls;Zesokg
jkks rfLeu~ fiz;s (".ks) fLuXks (LusgksZ) vfi ;r~
i#"kk (fu"Bqjk dVqHkkf"k.khR;FkZ%) vfl] iz.kefr (iz.krs)
vfi ;r~ LrCkk (n.Mor~fLFkrk) vfl] jkfxf.k (vuqjkxofr)
vfi ;r~ }s"kLFkk (fojk) vfl] mUeq[ks (RoUeq[kko&
yksduksRlqds) vfi foeq[krka (izfrdwyrka) ;krk (izkIrk)
vfl] vf; foijhrdkfjf.k (izfrdwyokfu) rnsrr~ rs
;f}ijhra ;kra rn~;qe~ (vuq:ie~)_ rr% fde~ bR;rs
vkgro Jh[k.MpPpkZ (pUnu&foysiua) fo"ke~ fo"kfeo
m}sftdk] 'khrka'kq% pU% riu% (lw;Zor~ lUrkid%)] fgea
gqrcg% (vfXu%) vfXufjo nkgda] rFkk hM+keqn% (hM+;k
eqn% vkeksnk% jfrtfur&g"kkZ bfr ;kor~) ;kruk% lEi|Urs
foijhrcqs% loZeso foijhra Hkorhfr Hkko%
300
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vuqoknjkks! Jh".kus fofok fou; opuksals vuqjksk

fd;k vkSj rqe vR;Ur dBksj cu x;haA os rqEgkjs fudV
iz.kr gq, vkSj rqeus mudh vksjls eq[k Qsj dj mudh
mis{kk dh] mUgksaus fdruk izcy vuqjkx fn[kk;k] rqe }s"k
dj jgh gksA os rqEgkjs izfr mUeq[k gq, vkSj rqe muls
foeq[k cuh jghaA gs foijhr&vkpj.k&dkfj.kh! bl
vkpj.k&oSijhR;ds dkj.k gh rqEgsa pUnu foysiu fo"kdh
Hkkfr] fLuXk lq'khry pU iz[kj fnudjle] lq'khry
fgedj gqrk'kuor~ vkSj jfrtfur g"kZ fo"ke ;kruk ln`'k
vuqHkwr gks jgk gSA
ckycksfkuhJhjkkkds }kjk tc dksbZ mkj&izR;qkj
ugha fn;k x;k] rc l[kh mls lEcksf/kr djrh gqbZ
cksyhjk/ks! bl le; rqEgsa D;k gks x;k gS\ foijhr
vkpj.k dj jgh gksA dSlk mYVk&iqYVk O;ogkj dj jgh
gks] ftl izseds fy, bruh fody fonXk gks jgh Fkha] tc
os feyu gsrq vk;s rks fofp= gks x;h gks] bl lq[kn
voljdks vius gkFkksals [kks jgh gks] Jh".k rqels fdruk
dksey Lusg dj jgs gSa] ij rqeus bruk eku dj fy;k
gS fd muds izfr bruh fuBqj] #{k] dBksj gksdj muls
ikS#"k okD; dg jgh gksA os rqEgkjs iSjksaesa four gks jgs
gSa vkSj rqe LrCk [kM+h gksA os loZxq.klEik gksdj Hkh
rqEgkjs izfr fdruk vuqjkx izdk'k dj jgs gSa vkSj rqe
muls }s"k dj jgh gksA rqEgkjs Jheq[kdk n'kZu dj fdrus
mUeq[k&vfHkeq[k mYyflr&mRlqd gks jgs gSa] vkSj rqe
mnklhu gksdj foeq[krk izn'kr dj jgh gksA 'kk;n
rqEgkjh efr iyV x;h gS] foijhr vkpj.k djusokyh
rqEgkjs fy, ;g leqfpr gS fd ,sls lq[knk;h volj ij
pUnudk ysiu rqEgsa xjy lfjl lUrIr dj jgk gS]
pUekdh 'khry fdj.ksa lUrIrdkjh lw;Zdh nkgd yiVsa
301
izrhr gks jgh gSa] fge 'kkuq ljh[kk nXk dj jgk gS]
jfrtfur vkuUn rqEgkjs fy, d"Vizn vuqHkwr gks jgh gS]
;g dSlh izfrdwyrk rqEgkjs vUreZuesa lek x;h gSbl
foijhr O;ogkjdk 'kh?kz ifjR;kx djksA
lkUkuUn&iqjUnjkfn&
fnfo"kn~oÙnSjeUnknjk&
nkuez eqdqVsU uhyef.kfHk% lUn'krsfUnfUnje~A
LoPNUna edjUn&lqUnj&xyUeUnkfduh&esnqja
JhxksfoUninkjfoUne'kqHkLdUnk;
oUnkegs
bfr v"Vkn'k lUnHkZ%A
bfr JhxhrxksfoUns egkdkO;s dygkUrfjrk o.kZus eqXk&eqdqUnks
uke uoe% lxZ%A
vUo;lEizfr Jh".kL; ,s'o; o.kkZ;kkf'k"kk lx
leki;frlkUkuUn&iqjUnjkfn&fnfo"kn~oÙnS% (oysu;ekukr~
lkU% fufoM+% vkuUnks ;s"kka rs"kka iqjUnjknhuka fnfo"knka
nsokuka oÙnS%) veUnknjkr~ (vfkdknjkr~) vkuezS% (lE;d~
iz.krS%) lf% eqdVq SUuhyef.kfHk% (eqdVq LFkS% bUuhyef.kfHk%)
lUn'krsfUnfUnja (lUn'kr% bfUnfUnj% Hkzejks ;= rkn`'ka)
rFkk LoPNUna ;Fkk rFkk edjUn&lqUnj&xyUeUnkfduhesnqja
(edjUnor~ lqUnja ;Fkk rFkk xyUR;k {kjUR;k eUnkfdU;k
vkdk'kx;k esnjq a fLuXka) JhxksfoUninkjfoUne~ v'kqHkLdUnk;
(v'kqHkkuka HkfizfrcUkdkuka fouk'kk;) oUnkegs (iz.keke%)
vr,o Jhjkfkdkekuksi'keufpUr;k eqXkks eqdqUnks ;=
lks;a lxksZ uoe%
vuqokncfyjktkdk xoZ [koZ gksusls egku vkuUnesa
fueXu nsorkx.k cM+s vknjds lkFk ftu pj.kksaesa iz.kr
gq,] bUuhyef.ke; eqdqVdh 'kksHkk fut pj.kksaesa izfrfcfEcr
gksusls tks pj.k uhydqoy; ln`'k izrhr gq,] edjUnds
leku euksgkfj.kh eUnkfduh ftu pj.kksals vuk;kl gh
302
JhxhrxksfoUne~
LoPNUnrkiwoZd fu%l`r gqbZ gS] leLr v'kqHkksadk fujkdj.k

djusokys Jh".kds mu Jhpj.kdeyksadh ge oUnuk djrs
gSAa
ckycksfkuhvc dfo t;nso Jh".k }kjk Jhjkkkds
izfr dgs x;s pkVq&okD;ksadk Lej.k dj Jhjkkkdh efgek
LQwkZ gksusls mudk lkSHkkX; izfrikfnr djusds fy,
Jh".kds ,s'o;Zdk o.kZu djus yxs gSaA mudk dguk gS
fd eSa vius f'k";ksa ,oa izf'k";ksads lkFk izsekHkfds
izfrcUkd v'kqHk leqnk;dh 'kkfUr gsrq JhxksfoUnds
pj.kdeyksadh oUnuk djrk gwA JhxksfoUnds pj.kdeyksadk
ekgkRE; crkrs gq, dfo dgrs gSa
Hkxoku~ Jh".kds pj.kksadh miek deyls nh x;h
gSmuds Jhpj.k] deyds leku vfr euksgj gSaA ftl
izdkj deyesa ijkx lekfgr gksrk gS] mlh izdkj
Jh".kds pj.kksaesa lekfgrk vkdk'kxk LoPNUn :ils
fu%l`r gks ijkxor~ euksgkfj.kh izrhr gksrh gSA ijkxls
ljkcksj dey ij tSls Hkzej lq'kksfHkr gksrs gSa] mlh izdkj
vfr'k; vkuUnls vksrizksr gks veUn&vkuUnlUnksgls ifjiw.kZ
gksdj bUkfn nsolewg Jh".kdks lk"Vk iz.kke djrs gSaA
ml le; iz.kke djrs gq, nsorkvksads eLrdij fLFkr
fdjhVksadh bUuhykfn ef.k;ksadh dkfUr Jh".kds pj.kksaesa
ifrr gksusls Jh".kds pj.kdey dqoy; (uhydey)
ln`'k izrhr gksrs gSaA uhydeyksaesa tSls Hkzej&leqnk; lnk
eaMjkrk jgrk gS] mlh izdkj Hktuksadk fpk Jh".kds
pj.kksaesa lnSo eaMjkrk jgrk gS] fuR;&fujUrj mu Jhpj.kksadh
efgekdk xku djrk jgrk gS] ;ksxhx.k viuh ckkkvksads
fuokj.kds fy, muds Jhpj.kdeyesa lnSo ;ku yxk;s
jgrs gSamu JheqdqUnds Jhpj.kdeyksadh efgekdk o.kZu
djusdh lkeF;Z fdlesa gS\ fdrus dkSrwgydk fo"k; gS
303
fd os gh eqdqUn Jhjkkkthdk eku mi'kfer djusdh

fpUrkesa Lo;a eqXk gks jgs gSa] mu Jhjkkkthdh efgekdk
D;k o.kZu fd;k tk; fd muds Jhpj.kdeydks eLrd
ij kkj.k djusdh izkFkZuk Lo;a eqdqUn Jh".k dj jgs gSaA
izLrqr 'yksdesa 'kknwZyfohfM+r NUn gS ,oa :id
vykjdk iz;ksx gSA pj.kksaesa deydk] xkthesa ijkxdk]
eqdqVesa tfM+r bUuhykfn ef.k;ksaesa Hkzejdk vkjksi fd;k
x;k gSA
bl izdkj JhxhrxksfoUn egkdkO;esa eqXk&eqdqUn uked
uoe lxZdh ckycksf/kuh o`fk lekIrA
yyy
304
JhxhrxksfoUne~
n'ke% lxZ%
prqjprqHkqt
Z %
v=kUrjs el`.k&jks"k&o'kkelhe&
fu%'oklfu%lgeq[kha lqeq[kheqisR;A
lozhMehf{krl[khonuka iznks"ks
lkuUnxn~xnina gfjfjR;qokp
vUo;v=kUrjs (vfLekoljs) iznks"ks (jtuheq[ks)
gfj% (Jh".k%) vlhe&fu%'okl&fu%lgeq[kha (vlhefu%'oklsu
iqu% iqu% fu%'oklsu fu%lga dkUropukfnjfgra eq[ka ;L;k%
rka) rFkk el`.kjks"ko'kke~ (el`.kL; vuqrki&f'kfFkyL;
jks"kL; o'kke~ vkhuke~_ f'kfFkyekusu l[;k;kkfeR;FkZ%)
vr,o lczhM+a (fdekquk foks;fefr lyTta ;FkkL;kr~
rFkk) bZf{krl[khonuka (bZf{kra n`"Va l[;k% onua ;;k
rkn`'kha) lqeq[kha (fdfpr~&dksiks'kesu izlkonuka) jkkke~
misR; (izkI;) lkuUnxnxnina (lkuUnkfu xnxnkuh xyn{kjkf.k
inkfu ;= rn~ ;Fkk L;kr~ rFkk) bfr (o{;ek.ka opue~)
mokp
i|kuqokn
ytrh y[krh l[kh vksj vkS ysrha 'oklsa jhrsA
jks"ke;h jkkkls cksys izeqfnr gfj fnu chrs
vuqoknblh le; fnoldk volku gksus ij el`.k
jks"ke;h nh?kZ fu%'oklksadks lgu djusesa vleFkZ efyu
eq[kokyh] yTtkiwoZd l[khds eq[kdks ns[kusokyh lqonuk
Jhjkkkds lehi vkdj vkuUnls mRQqfYyr gq, Jhgfj
Jhjkkkls xn~xn Lojesa dgus yxsA
ckycksfkuhfiz;l[khus dksi nwj djusds fy, Jhjkkkdks
fofok izdkjls le>k;kA ij fd'kksjhthdk kskkos'k {kh.k
n'ke% lxZ%prqjprqHkqZt%
305
ugha gqvk] brusesa fnu Hkh <yus yxk] fojg&rkils

nh?kZ'okl py jgs gSa] eq[k&dey vfr'k; efyu gks jgk
gS] l[kh mlds eku iz'keu djusds lkjs mik; dj 'kkUr
gks pqdh gS] Lo;aus Hkh vHkh&vHkh Jh".kdh mis{kk dh
gS] fQj mudks ikusdh vfHkyk"kk dSls djsA vr% ckj&ckj
vR;Ur yTtkds lkFk l[khdh vksj ns[k jgh gSA iszedh
mf}Xurk gS] mnklh NkbZ gSA blh iznks"kdkyesa Jh".kus
fopkj fd;k fd Jhjkkk n;esa iNrk jgh gksaxhA pyks]
mlus tks vkjksi yxk;k gS] mls Lohdkj dj mlhdh ckr
j[kdj {kek ;kpuk dj ywA vr% os lqoUnuk Jhjkkkds
lehi vkdj vkuUnls izQqfYyr gksdj iz.k;ls xn~xn
Lojesa fuosnu djus yxsA
uo'k lUnHkZ%
xhre~
ns'kojkMhjkxk"VrkyhrkykH;ka xh;rsA
vuqoknxhrxksfoUn dkO;dk ;g mUuhlok izcUk
ns'kojkMh jkx rFkk v"Vrkyh rkyesa xk;k tkrk gSA
onfl ;fn fdfpnfi nUr&#fp&dkSeqnh

gjfr nj&frfejefr kksje~A
LQqjnkj&'khkos ro onu&pUek
jp;rq
ykspu pdksje~
fiz;s! pk#'khys!
eqp ef; ekuefunkue~A
lifn enukuyks ngfr ee ekula
nsfg
eq[kdey&ekqikue~kzqoine~
vUo;vf; pk#'khys (euksKLoHkkos) fiz;s (izs;fl)
ef; vfunkua (vdkj.ka) ekua (dksia) eqp (pk#'khyk;kLrs
306
JhxhrxksfoUne~
^^fiz;s! pk#'khys! rtks eku I;kjkA**
307
vdkj.kekuks;q bfr Hkko%)A enukuy% (dkekfXu%)

lifn (>fVfr_ ro eku&ledkyeso bR;FkZ%)] ee ekula
ngfr_ rLekr~ eq[kdey&ekqikua (eq[keso deya ia
rL; ekq rL; ikua) nsfg (vUrnkZgL; ikusuSo 'kkfUr%]
vrks eka eq[kiekq ik;; bR;FkZ%) (kzq)
nqjkifena nwjsLrq;fn fdfpnfi onfl rnk ro
nUr#fpdkSeqnh (nUrkuka #fp% nhfIrjso dkSeqnh T;ksRLuk)
ee vfr?kksja (Hk;tuda) njfrfeja (izxk<+a n;&fufgra
frfeje~ vUkdkja) gjfrA fdp ro onupUek% (eq[kpU%)
LQqjnkj&lhkos (LQqjr% mPNfyrL; vkjL; lhkos ve`rk;
ve`rikukFkZfeR;FkZ%) ee ykspupdksja (ykspua us=eso
pdksjLra) jksp;fr (lkfHkyk"ka djksfr) u;uL; pdksjRosu
RonsdthouRoeqe~
i|kuqokn
fiz;s! pk#'khys! rtks eku I;kjk]
vkj&i&jl ns gjks rki lkjkA
rfud cksy cksyks] f[kys nUr T;ksRLuk]
gjks ?kksj re&e;] Hkjks izk.k&dksuk]
lqkk le vkj ekq] onu pUek ls
yxs yksy ykspu] pdksjd cus ls
vkj i&jl ns gjks rki lkjkAA
vuqokngs fiz;s! gs lqUnj LoHkkoe;h jkks! esjs izfr
bl izdkj vdkj.k ekudk ifjgkj djks] enukuy esjs
n;dks nXk dj jgk gS] eq>s vius eq[kdeydk ekqiku
djus nks] ;fn rqe eq>ls dqN Hkh ckr djksxh rks rqEgkjh
n'ku iafdh fdj.kksadh T;ksfrls esjk Hk; :ih ?kksj
vakdkj nwj gks tk;sxk] rqEgkjk eq[kpU esjs u;u&pdksjdks
rqEgkjh vkj&lqkkdk iku djusds fy, vfHkyk"kh cuk nsA
308
JhxhrxksfoUne~
ckycksfkuhJh".k Jhjkkkthls dgrs gSags fiz;s!

rqEgkjk LoHkko rks vfr 'kksHku gSA rqeus esjs fo"k;esa tks
vdkj.k eku Bku fy;k gS] og rks mfpr ugha gSA tcls
rqeus eku fd;k gS] rcls dkenkg eq>s tyk;s tk jgk
gS] ekudk dksbZ dkj.k Hkh rks ugha gS] O;FkZ gh
ijL=h&je.kdh 'kadk dj jgh gksrqEgkjs gh vkJ;ls
dke eq>s O;fFkr dj jgk gSA vius eq[kdeydk eq>s
ekqiku djkvks] ftlls esjk vUrnkZg iz'kfer gks tk;sxk;g
vfr nqyZHk gSA bls tkus nks] ij dqN cksyks rks lgh]
vuqdwy vFkok izfrdwy] ij dqN rks dgkstc rqe dqN
dgksxh rks rqEgkjk eq[kdey foyflrfodflr gksxkA
blls rqEgkjs nUrdh dkfUr&dkSeqnh izdkf'kr gksxh vkSj
blls esjs vUr%dj.kesa fufgr Hk;&frfej fou"V gks
tk;sxkA jkks] rqEgkjs pUonuls ,slh vkj lqkk Nyd
jgh gS fd esjs u;u pdksj rks bl vklodk iku djuk
pkgrs gSaA fiz;s] pk#pfj=s! rqe gh rks esjs u;u&pdksjdh
thou&Lo:ik gksA
lR;esokfl ;fn lqnfr ef; dksfiuh nsfg [kju;u'kj?kkre~A

?kV; HkqtcUkua tu; jn[k.Mua ;su ok Hkofr lq[ktkre~
fiz;s----
vUo;vf; lqnfr (izlkonus) ;fn Ronsdthous
ef; lR;eso dksfiuh (qk) vfl] rnk [kju;u&'kj?kkra
([kjS% rh{.kS% u;u&'kjS% ?kkra izgkja) nsfg (dq# bR;FkZ%)]
,rsukfi ;fn u rq";fl HkqtcUkua (HkqtkH;ka cUkua) ?kV;
(foksfg)_ rsukfi vlUrks"k'psr~ jn[k.Mua (jnS% nUrS%
[k.Mua na'kua) tu; (dq#)_ d cgquk ;su ok (vU;su)
ro lq[ktkra (lq[klewg%) Hkofr rRdq# bfr 'ks"k% v=
xw<+ksfHkizk;% Loh;sijkfkfu n.M,oksfprks uksis{kk dkZO;k
bfr
309
i|kuqokn
vxj jks"k gS] [kj&u[kj ok.k Nsnks
Hkqtik'k ckkks] vkj nUr HksnksA
vuqokngs 'kksHku&nUrs! ;fn rqe ;FkkFkZesa gh eq>ij
dqfir gks jgh gks rks eq>ij rh{.k u[k&ok.kksadk vk?kkr
djks] vius HkqtcUkuesa eq>s ckk yks] nkrksads vk?kkrls
esjs gksBksadks dkVks] ftlls rqEgsa lq[k feysrqe ogh djksA
ckycksfkuhJh".k Jhjkkkdks eukrs gq, dg jgs
gSags 'kksHkunUrs! lqUnj nUrjkftls foyflr fiz;res jkks!
rqe esjs izfr jks"k er djksA ;fn oLrqr% eq>ij ksk
izdkf'kr gh djuk pkgrh gks] rks eq>ij vius rh{.k
us=&ok.kksadk izgkj djks] fQj Hkh rqEgkjs kskdh 'kkfUr
ugha gksrh gS] rks eq>s vkSj Hkh n.M nksA viuh Hkqtkvksads
cUkuesa eq>s ckk yks] dSn dj yks] fQj Hkh lUrqf"V ugha
gksrh gS rks vius nUr vk?kkrls eq>s [kf.Mr dj nks] esjs
'kjhjdks dkV Mkyks] blls Hkh rqEgsa lUrks"k ugha gksrk gks
rks rqEgsa tks mik; mfpr yxs] ogh djksA eSa vijkk ;ksX;
gw] n.Muh; gwA vius lq[kds fy, eq>ij fdlh Hkh
n.Mdk fokku djksA ;gk rkM+u&cUku] [kaMu vkfnds
O;ktls u[k{kr] vkfyu ,oa pqEcu vkfndh izkFkZuk dh
tk jgh gSA
Roefl ee Hkw"k.ka Roefl ee thoua]

Roefl
ee Hko&tyfk&jRue~A
Hkorq Hkorhg ef; lrreuqjksfkuh]
r=
ee
n;efr;Rue~
fiz;s----
vUo;uuq ;k ro fiz;rek lSo n.Ma fonkkrq bfr
psr~ r=kgvf; fiz;res Roa Hkw"k.ke~ (vykj%) vfl_
310
JhxhrxksfoUne~
Roa ee thoua (izk.kHkwrk) vfl Ron~O;frjsd.s k vU;Tthouk&

fndefi es ukfLr rg vU;kukuka dk okkkZ bfr Hkko%_
fdp Roa ee HkotyfkjRua (Hko% lalkj% l ,o
tyfk% r= Roeso jRu:ik loZizs;lhJs"Bk bR;FkZ%) vfl_
;Fkk df'pr~ jRukdjkr~ fofp=jRua yCok vkRekua iw.kZeuksjFka
euqrs rFkk hjRuHkwrka Roka izkI; rkFkksZLehfr Hkko%_
vr,o Hkorh bg (vfLeu~ RoUek='kj.ks) ef; lrre~
(lnk) vuqjksfkuh (vuqdwyk) HkorqA r= (ro vkuqdwY;s)
ee n;e~ (fpke~) vfr;Rua (vfr'k;su ;Ruks ;L; rr~
vrho ;RuofnR;FkZ%) rokuqdwY;ykHkkFkZeso n;a es lrra
;rrs bfr Hkko%
i|kuqokn
l[kh] izk.k] Hkw"k.k rqEgha jRu Hko dhA
oks vkt jkuh! gjks vkx fg; dh
fiz;s! pk#'khys! rtks eku I;kjkA
vkj i&jl ns gjks rki lkjk
vuqoknrqe gh esjh Hkw"k.k Lo:i gks] rqe gh esjk
thou gks] rqe gh esjs lalkj&leqds jRuLo:i gks] vc
rqe gh lrr esjs izfr vuqjksfkuh cuh jgks;gh esjk
,dkfUrd iz;kl gSA
ckycksfkuh;fn Jhjkkk dgs fd gs Jh".k! eSa rks
rqEgsa n.M Hkh ugha ns ikrh] rqEgkjh vkSj Hkh fiz;k, gSa]
mUghals tkdj fuosnu djksA rks bl vk'kadk ij Jh".k
dgrs gSafiz;s! rqe gh esjk lEiw.kZ kàxkj gks] rqels gh
vyar gksdj rks eSa loZ= lkSHkkX;oku gw] ck vkHkw"k.kdh
ckr rks nwj jgs rqe gh esjs thoudk vkkkj gks] esjh
izk.k! rqEgkjs fcuk rks eSa th Hkh ugha ldrkA nwljh
jef.k;ksadh rc ckr gh dgk\ rqe gh eq>s bl Hkolkxjesa
feyh vuqie jRujkf'k gksA tSls dksbZ jRukdjls fofp=
311
jRu izkIrdj viusdks rkFkZ ekurk gS oSls gh eSa rqe

tSlh je.kh&jRudks izkIrdj RR; gks jgk gwA vr% esjs
ij lnSo vuqdwy cuh jgks;gh esjk n; fujUrj ;Ru
dj jgk gSA esjk lEiw.kZ iz;kl rqEgkjh ik izkfIrds fy,
gh gSA
uhyufyukHkefi rfUo ro ykspua kkj;fr dksdun&:ie~A

dqlqe'kjck.kHkkosu ;fn jt;fl ".kfenesrnuq:ie~
fiz;s----
vUo;Loxq.k&ijh{k.kksidj.kRosu psUekehdjksf"k rFkkfi
pfjrkFkZ% L;ke~ bR;r vkgvf; rfUo ('kkf) uhy&
ufyukHkefi (uhykRiyrqY;efi) ro ykspua lEizfr
vfHkekut&jks"kkr~ dksdun:ia (jksRiy:ia) kkj;fr ,rsu
Rof; vuqjftuh fo|kfLr bR;okkfjre~_ ,"kk fo|k ef;
ijh{;rke~_ ijh{kkizdkjekg;fn Roa ".ka (".k:ia
eka) rsu ykspusu dqlqe'kjck.kHkkosu (dqlqe'kjL; enuL;
;% lEeksguk[;% ck.k% rL; Hkko% mRifk% ;Lekr~ rFkkHkwrsu
lkuqjkxdVk{kkoyksdusu bR;FkZ%) jt;fl] rg bna (dk;Zeo
s )
,rnuq:ia (,rL; ykspuL; ;ksX;a) L;kr~_ f'kf{krk fo|k
iz;ksxs.kSo lkQY;a oztrhfr Hkko%
i|kuqokn
ufyu us= uhys] cus dksdun lsA
gqvk ".k jftr] vxj ck.k&Lej ls
rHkh fl gksxk u;u&:i lqUnjA
rHkh fl gksxk] onu&:i lqUnj
vuqokngs 'kkf! rqEgkjs bUnhojds leku us=ksaus
bl le; jksiydk :i kkj.k fd;k gSA enu&Hkkols
312
JhxhrxksfoUne~
ifjiw.kZ dVk{k ck.kls ".ko.kZ bl 'kjhjdks ;fn jftr

dj nksxhrks vuq:i gksxkA
ckycksfkuhJh".k dg jgs gSajkks! rqEgkjh vk[ksa
rks LokHkkfod gh uhydeyds leku gSa] rqe vius us=ksadks
u;s&u;s vuqjkx&jaxesa jftr djusesa lqfuiq.k gksA vius
bu xq.kksadks midj.k :iesa cukdj ;fn eq>s vhdkj
djrh gks rks esjk thou pfjrkFkZ gks tk;sxk] ij vkquk
rqEgkjs us=ksaus lgtrkdk ifjR;kx dj jdeydh vkjrk
kkj.k dj yh gSA ;g rks rqEgkjh dksbZ vuqjftuh fo|k
gSA ,slk Li"V gks jgk gS fd ".ko.kZdh oLrqvksadks j
o.kZdh cuk nsusdh rqeesa lkeF;Z gS] vr,o rqe ;fn bu
dVk{k:ih enu&'kjksals eq>s csk nks] rc rks eSa le>wxk
fd rqeus fo|kdk leqfpr iz;ksx fd;k gSA jkks] ksk u
dj eq>ls isze djks ,oa dke&hM+kO;krÌr gks tkvksA
;gh rqEgkjh LokHkkfodrk gSA
LQqjrq dqpdqEHk;ks#ifj ef.ketjh jt;rq ro&n;ns'ke~A

jlrq jlukfi ro ?ku&t?kue.Mys ?kks"k;rq&eUeFkfuns'ke~
fiz;s----
vUo;,rPNo.ksu fdfpr~ izlkkeoyksD; vkgfiz;]s
ro dqpdqEHk;ks% (Lrudyl;ks%) mifj ef.ketjh (ef.kekyk)
LQqjrq (nksnqY;ekuk Hkorq)_ ro n;ns'ka jt;rq ('kksHk;rq)
p] fdp ro ?kut?kue.Mys (?kus fufoM+s t?kue.Mys)
jlukfi (dkph vfi) jlrq ('kCnk;rke~)_ eUeFkfuns'ka
(eUeFkL; dkeL; funs'ke~ vkKka) ?kks"k;rq p (izpkj;rq)
p opuHkk izkFkZukfo'ks"kks;e~
i|kuqokn
dud&dqEHk ij gkj] kkjks u viuk]
yls vkt ftlls] n;&ns'k nqxquk]
313
l?ku jh t?ku ij j'ku eatq Mksys]

djsa ?kks"k fd.k&fd.k] enu&cksy cksysA
vkj i&jl ns gjks rki lkjkA
vuqoknrqEgkjs dqp&dqEHkds ij ef.ke; etjh
nsnhI;eku gksdj rqEgkjs n; ns'kdks lq'kksfHkr djsa] rqEgkjs
ijLij vfojy t?ku ;qxyds ij fojkteku dkfp
dUniZds vkns'kdk mn~?kks"k djsA
ckycksfkuhopu&Hkhds }kjk Jh".k Jhjkkkls
jfr&dsfydh izkFkZuk dj jgs gSaA esjs lkFk dke&dsfy :i
'kqHk dk;Zdk 'kqHkkjEHk fd;k tk;] ykt NksM+] rqe
jfr&hM+kds fy, dfVc gks x;h gksA lqjrkjEHkls iwoZ
iw.kZ&dy'kksadh izfr"Bk vko';d gSA dy'kor~ foiqykdkj
Lru&dy'kksa ij ef.k&etjh izdkf'kr gks] vFkkZr~ ;g
ef.ke; gkj nksyk;eku gksdj rqEgkjs o{kLFkydks lq'kksfHkr
djs] fo'kky e; Hkkx ekaly tka?kksadks ?ksjs gq, rqEgkjh
djkuh] dsfy&hM+k djrs gq, fd.k&fd.k e/kqj ofu
fuukfnr djrh gqbZ dkensodh meM+rh gqbZ vkdka{kkvksads
vkns'kksadh mn~?kks"k.kk djsA vkns'k ;g gS fd bl olUr
rqdh eknd csykesa lHkh foykl&izo.k uj&ukjh foykl
f;kesa O;kIr gks tk;sa] ekfuuh&tu ekudk R;kx djds
jfr&hM+kesa izo`k gks tk;saA
LFky&deyxtua ee n;&jtua tfur&jfr&jij Hkkxe~A

Hkz.k el`.k okf.k djokf.k pj.k};a ljl&ylnydjkxe~
fiz;-s ---
vUo;gs el`.kokf.k (fLuXkHkkf"kf.k) Hk.k (dFk;]
vkKki; bR;FkZ%)_ LFky&dey&xtua (LFkydeykuka
LFkyikuka xtua frjLdkjde~_ vkjRokr~ dkseyRokPp)
ee n;jtua (n;jtua) (n;ifjrks"kdja) tfur&jfr&j&
314
JhxhrxksfoUne~
ijHkkxa (tfur% r% jfrjs lqjrksRlos ijHkkx% ije'kksHkk

;su rkn`'ka) ro pj.k};a (ikn;qxya) ljl&ylnyd&jkxa
(ljlsu vksZ.k ylrk nhfIrerk mTToysu bR;FkZ% vydsu
jkxa ykSfgR;a ;= rkn`'ka lqjftrfeR;FkZ%) djokf.k
(fonkkfe)
i|kuqokn
pj.k ;qx rqEgkjs] deyeku xatuA
je.k&jkx dkjh n;&Hkkx&jatu
yxk nw mUghsa esa] bUgha gkFkls lcA
lthyk jlhyk egkoj ltfu! vc
vkj i&jl ns rjks rki lkjk
vuqokngs lqekqjopus! LFky&deydks ijkftr
djusokys] esjs n;dh 'kksHkk c<+kusokys rqEgkjs ;s pj.k&;qxy
jfrdkyesa dkekssddks vfHkor djusokys gaSA rqe
vkns'k djks] ,sls pj.kksadks eSa vyd&jl (egkoj) ls
jftr dj nwA
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk vHkh Hkh dksbZ mkj ugha ns jgh
gSaA rc Jh".k dgrs gSags fLuXkopus] vfr'k; ekqj
ok.kh cksyus okyh! dksey opuksals gh ck.k pyk ysrh gks]
rqe viuh dksey dkdyhls vkKk djksA LFky&deydh
'kksHkkdks frjLr djusokys] esjs n;dks vuqjftr djusokys
bu pj.k };dks vyrk (egkoj) jaxls vkSj jftr dj
nw] ftlls lqjrhM+kdh csykesa ;s pj.k&;qxy vkSj 'kksHkk
kkj.k dj dkeksd
s dj ldsaA ;s jaxe; gksdj esjs n;dk
jkx cu tk,A gs fiz;Hkkf"k.kh! ;s vuqjftr pj.k&;qxy
jkfr&dsfyjlesa ,d vfuoZpuh; lq"kekdks kkj.k djsaxAs ;s
pj.k kàxkj jlds ljl vkkkj gSa] kàxkj mRifkds }kj gSa]
Li`gkdh mRifk djkusokys gSaA pk#pfj=s! izlk gks] eku
315
R;kx djksA je.khds vyd jljftr euksgj pj.k;qxydks

ns[kdj ;qokvksads euesa dke&Hkkoukdk msd gksrk gh gSA
Lej&xjy&[k.Mua ee f'kjfl e.Mua nsfg in&iYyoeqnkje~A

Toyfr ef; nk#.kks enu&dnukuyks() gjrq rnqikfgrfodkje~
fiz;s pk#'khys----
vUo;vrLrnhdkjs.kSo es rkiksi'keufefr rn~xq.k&
LQqkijo'k% lu~ izkFkZ;rsvf; izk.ks'ofj ee f'kjfl
(enh;eLrds) Lejxjy[k.Mua (dke&dkydwV&neua) mnkja
(okfNriznRokr~ egr~) e.Mua (Hkw"k.k:ia) iniYyoa nsfg
(viZ;)_ nk#.k% (Hkh"k.k%) enudnukuy% (dkelUrkikfXu%)
ef; Toyfr_ rnqikfgr&fodkja (rsu enurkikuysu mikfgr%
mRikfnr% fodkj% re~) eesfr 'ks"k% gjrq ('ke;rq)
iniYyokkj.k&ek=s.kSo rkiksi;kL;rhfr Hkko%
i|kuqokn
kjks ikn&iYyo] enu&rki grkZA
blh rIr f'kj ij n; 'kkfUr drkZ
pVqy pkVq iVq gfj] Hkqyk jkfkdk dksA
lqykos n; ij] >qyk lkfkdk dks
vuqokngs fiz;s! vius euksgj pj.k fdly;dks esjs
eLrdij vkHkw"k.k&Lo:i viZ.k djkvksA ftlls eq>s
ttZfjr djusokyk ;g vu:i xjy iz'kfer gks tk;]
enu ;kruk :i funk#.k tks vuy eq>s larIr dj jgk
gS] mlls og nkgtU; mRik fodkj Hkh 'kkUr gks tk;A
()
enudnuk:u% gfr Dofpr_ dkeDys'k ,o nk#.kks#.k%

lw;Z% ef; ToyfrO;FkZ%A
316
JhxhrxksfoUne~
ckycksfkuhgs jkks! eq>s vhdkj djksxh] rHkh esjk

rki nwj gksxkA loZfot;h rqEgkjs xq.kksadh LQwr gksusls eSa
foo'k gksdj rqels izkFkZuk dj jgk gw fd vius
in&iYyodks esjs eLrd ij vir djksA ;s in&iYyo
vfr mnkj gSa] ;s izkFkhZtuksads euksHkh"Vdks iw.kZ djusokys
gSaA uo&iYyods leku ykfyek] dkseyrk vkSj 'kSR;
vkfn xq.kksals foHkwf"kr gksusds dkj.k vykj&Lo:i gSaA
bu pj.kksadks esjs eLrd ij viZ.k djusls dketU;
xjydk [k.Mu rks gksxk gh esjk eLrd Hkh leyar gks
tk;sxkA ;gk dkeesa liZfo"kdh mRisz{kkdh x;h gSA rqEgkjs
iSjksadk laLi'kZ ikdj dkexjy mlh izdkj lekIr gks
tk;sxk ftl izdkj x#M+dk pj.k&Li'kZ izkIrdj liZfo"k
lekIr gks tkrk gSA dketU; larki lEcUkls vUreZuesa
mfnr euksfodkj vkfn nks"k Hkh rqEgkjs pj.kksads viZ.k
djusls lekIr gks tk;saxsA ;g dkeDys'k vfr funk#.k gS]
vuyds leku esjs n;dks tyk jgk gSA ,d&,d eeZ
vaxkj cu jgk gSA Hkhrj&ckgj Toyu'khy ;g dke&Toj
rqEgkjs in&iYyods flj ij j[kusls gh nwj gksxkA
bl lEiw.kZ izcUkdh ukf;dk Jhjkkk izkS<+k rFkk
ekuorh gS vkSj uk;d Jh".k vuqdwy gSaA
bfr pVqy&pkVq&iVq&pk# eqjoSfj.kks jkfkdkefk opu&tkre~A

t;fr ikorh je.k t;nsodfo Hkkjrh Hkf.krefr'kkre~
fiz;s p#'khys----
vUo;bfr (mizdkja) ikorhje.k&t;nso&dfo&
Hkkjrh&Hkf.ra (ikorh Jhjkkk&ijr;k rFkkukEuh Jht;nsoiRuh_
rn~xq.k&o.kZukfnuk rL;k% je.k% l pklkS t;nsodfo'psfr_
rL; HkkjR;k ok.;k Hkf.kra o.kra) jkfkdke~ vfk
(jkfkdka y{;hR; bR;FkZ%) pVqy&pkVq&iVq&pk# (pVqya
317
pkrq;Z;qa pkVq izhfrdja iVq dkS'kyiw.k pk# euksgja_ ;}k

pVqya ppya ukukfokfefr;kor~] pVqy&pkVquk iVq
ekukiu;uleFk pk# 'kksHkua) vfr'kkra (ijelq[kiznfeR;FkZ%)
lqjoSfj.k% (eqjkjs%) oputkra (okD;lewg%) t;fr (loksRZ d"ks.Z k
okZrke~)
vuqoknikorhds fiz; Jht;nso dfo }kjk fojfpr
jkfkdkdks lEcksfkr djds Jh".k }kjk m pkVq;q
lqdqekj] eku gj.kesa dq'ky] eksgu ekkqjhiw.kZ opu
leqnk;dh t; gksA
ckycksfkuhbl izdkj eqjoSjh Jh".kdh ;g opukoyh
tks Jhjkkkdks vfHkyf"kr djds loksZR"V :ils izdkf'kr
gqbZ gS] os lc izdkjls t;;q gksaA viuh ije isz;lh
Jhjkkkds eku&vieku gsrq ;s okD; lewg vfr leFkZ ,oa
ije lq[kizn gSaA bl euksgj v"ViVhesa prqj ,oa fiz;
ehBh ckrksd
a k gh ladyu gS] ikorh vFkkZr~ Jhjkkk&Jh".kds
ij fotf;uh gksa vkSj fot;h gksaA Hkkjrhls Hkwf"kr]
ikorh&ifr t;nso] blh v"Vinhesa dfo t;nsodh
LQwrdks Jh".kus t;nsods os'kesa Lo;a fyfic fd;k
gSnsfg iniYyoa es mnkje~----A
;g xhr xhrxksfoUndk mUuhlok izcUk gSA bl
izcUkdk uke prqHkZqtjkxjkftpUks|ksr gSA
ifjgj rkrs! 'kka Ro;k lrra ?ku

Lrut?ku;k kUrs LokUrs ijkuodkf'kfuA
fo'kfr foruksjU;ks kU;ks u dksfi eekUrja
iz.kf;fu! ijhjEHkkjEHks foksfg foks;rke~
vUo;vijefi R;a foKkif;rqekgvf; rkrs
(r% vkr% lUnsg% vU;hlEHkksxfordZ bR;FkZ% ;;k
rRlEcqkS) 'kka ifjgj (R;t)_ lrra (fujUrja_ urq
318
JhxhrxksfoUne~
{k.kfefr Hkko%) ?kuLrut?ku;k (?kua fufoM+a Lrut?kua

;L;k% rkn`';k) Ro;k kUrs (fujUrja O;kIrs) vr%
ijkuodkf'kfu (vU;kodk'k&'kwU;s) LokUrs (enh;s eufl)
foruks% (ruq'kwU;kr~ dkekr~) vU;% dksfi kU;% (rkn`d~
lkSHkkX;oku~) vUrja (vH;Urja) u fo'kfr euks}kjs.kSo
,rnH;Urja izfo';rs_ euLrq es Ro;k ifjO;kIra rg dsu
iFkk izos"VO;eU;su 'kjhfj.kk tusu] dkeLrq euksHko%
vrLr= rL;So izos'ksfkdkjksLrhR;FkZ%_ 'kka R;DRok
;r~ dkZO;a rnkggs iz.kf;fu ijhjEHkkjEHks (ijhjEHkL;
vk'ys"kL; vkjEHks mies) foks;rka (bfrdkZO;rka) foksfg
(O;oLFkki;)
i|kuqokn
?ku mj t?ku lrr vkkars! LokUrsA ee eu lwukA
rt 'kadk Hkqtesa Hkj tkvks] tks gqykl fg; nwuk
vuqoknnwljh ukf;dkds izfr eq>s vkl le>dj
O;FkZdh 'kadkvksadk ifjR;kx dj nksA ijLij vfojy Lru
,oa t?ku ;qxy 'kkfyuh gs iz.kf;uh jkks! esjs euesa fdlh
nwljh ukf;dkds fy, vodk'k gh ugha gSA enuds
vfrfj nwljs fdlhds izos'k djusdk lkSHkkX; ugha gSA
ifjjEHk.kds fy, vc eq>s vkns'k nksA
ckycksfkuhvc Jh".k Jhjkkkls dg jgs gSaD;ksa
;g 'kadk vius euesa O;FkZ gh iSnk dj yh gSA vU;
ofurk&ldk vkjksi eq>ij er yxkvksA esjk rks
vUr%LFky vkSj n; rqEgkjs dqp&dy'kksa ,oa t?kuksads
Hkkjls bl rjg vkkUr gS fd dgha nwljksadh Le`frdk
vodk'k gh ugha gSA esjs n;esa rqEgkjs I;kjus lEiw.kZ
:ils O;kIr gksdj vke.k dj fy;k gS] ogk nwljsds
fy, fdfpr~ek= Hkh LFkku ugha gSA ogk dksbZ dSls izos'k
dj ldrk gSA rqEgkjs jgusls esjs n;esa enuds vfrfj
319
vU; fdlhdks izos'k djusdk lkSHkkX; izkIr ugha gSA gs

iz.kf;fu jkks! vc ekudk ifjR;kx Hkh djksA vc rqe
,slk djks fd eSa rqEgkjs Lrue.Mydk vkfyu dj ldwA
viuk ddj cukdj eq>s rnFkZ vuqefr nksA
izLrqr 'yksdesa gfj.kh uked o`k rFkk dkO;yx
uked vyadkj gSA Jhjkkk izkS<+ ukf;dk gSa vkSj Jh".k
izxYHk uk;d gSaA
eqXks foksfg ef; funZ;&nUrna'k

nksofZ Yy&cUk&fufcMLru&ihMukfu A
pf.M! Roeso eqneqp u ipck.k&
pk.Mky&dk.M&nyuknlo% iz;kUrq
vUo;;fn e}pukr~ u izR;sf"k rg Lo;eso
n.MekpjsR;kgvf; eqXks] ef; funZ;&nUrna'k%&nksoZfYy&
cUk&fufoM+&LruihM+ukfu (funZ;a] fu"Bqja ;Fkk rFkk nUrna'k%
n'kuk?kkr% rFkk nksoZfYycUk% HkqtyrkcUkua rFkk fufoM+kH;ka
LrukH;ka ihM+up rkfu) foksfg (?kV;)A vf; pf.M
(dksius) Roeso ewne~ (lq[ka) vp (izkIuqfg) ro
lq[kksRiknuk; bZn`x~foksu n.Msu ;fn es izk.kk ;kfUr] ;kUrq]
ija ipck.k&pk.Mky&dk.M&nyukr~ (ipck.k ,o pk.Mky%
nq"Vps"VRokfnfr Hkko% rL; dk.Mnyukr~ ck.kizgkjkr~) ee
vlo% (izk.kk%) u iz;kUrq (xPNUrq)
i|kuqokn
ipck.k&pk.Mky ck.kls] izk.k u tk;sa esjsA
fut vijkkhdks jnls] vc Nsnks rqEgha lcsjs
vkSj ckk yks ckgqyrkds] cUkuesa vfr eq>dksA
n`<+ dqp&ihM+k ns gl cksyks] cUnh eqf u rq>dks
vuqokngs foeqXks! ;fn eSa vijk/kh gw rks eq>s n.M
nsus esa foyEc D;ksa dj jgh gks\ n.M nksvius nkrksds
320
JhxhrxksfoUne~
na'kuls funZ; gksdj vk?kkr djks] Hkqt&yrk }kjk izxk<+

:ils eq>s ckk yksA dfBu Lruksals izcy fuihM+u djksA
gs dksief;! eq>dks bl izdkj dBksj n.M nsdj rqEgha
lq[kh gksvksA ,sls dBksj n.Mls ;fn esjs izk.k fudy tk;
rks Hkys fudy tk;] ijUrq enu:i pk.Mkyds ck.k
izgkjls esjs izk.k u tk;
ckycksfkuhJh".k Jhjkkkls dgrs gSags eqXks! ;fn
rqEgsa esjs opuksaij fo'okl ugha gS] rks eq>s n.M ns ldrh
gksA kskds vkos'kesa rqe eq>s le>usdk iz;kl gh ugha
dj jgh gksA vr% rqe ;FksPN :ils eq>ij 'kklu djksA
dUniZ&pk.Mky vius ipck.kksals eq>s ekjusdh ps"Vk dj
jgk gS] ij bruh ik djuk fd esjs izk.k u pys tk;saA
gs vkRekfgrkufHkKs! pf.MRodk ifjR;kx djksA rqEgkjs gh
lEcU/kls bl pk.Mky dkensods ck.kksals fonh.kZ gks esjs
izk.k fudys tk jgs gSaA blls esjh j{kk djksA eq>s n.M
nsdj rqe lq[kh gks tkvks] funZ;rkls nkarksa }kjk dkV
Mkyks] fufoM+ Lruksals eq>s ihl Mkyks] Hkqtyrkvksals
dldj ckk yksA eq>ls gldj dg nksvc rqe esjs
cUnh gks] esjs cUkuls vc dHkh Hkh rqe eq u gks
ldksxsA
'kf'keqf[k! ro Hkkfr Hkqj Hkwz]

;qZotueksg&djky
dkylihZA
rnqfnr&Hk;&Hktuk;
;wuka
Ronkj&lhkq&lqkSo flea=%
vUo;ee dksiks ukLR;so psr~ r=kgvf; 'kf'keqf[k
(pUkuus)] ro HkqjHkzw% (Hkqjk dqfVyk Hkzw%) ;fn
dksfiuk ukfl rr~ dqrLrs Hkzo
q ksHkZjq Roe~\] ;qotu&eksg&djky&
dkylihZ (;qotukuka r#.kkuke~ vLekda eksgk; ewPNkZfokkuk;
321
djkyk Hkh"k.kk dkylikZ Hkkfr fojktrs)] rnqfnr&Hk;&Hktuk;

rL;k% Hkzqo% mfnrL; Hk;L; Hktuk; uk'kk;) ;wuka
vLekda Ronkj&lhkq&lqkSo (ro vkj&ekq:ik lqkk
,o_ ekndRokr~ lhkq bfr ekqjRokPp lqksR;qe~) fleU=%
ukU;r~ fdfpfnR;FkZ% ve`rikusuSo fo"kHk;a fuokZrs bfr
Hkko%
i|kuqokn
cafde HkkSagsa ukfxfu rsjh Ml ysrh tc tu dksA
vkj lqkk gh fo"k gjrk gS] fo#t cukrk ru dks
vuqokngs 'kf'keqf[k! rqqEgkjh dqfVy Hkzwyrk ;qotu
foydkjh djky dkyt;h li.khds leku gSA blls
mRik Hk;dks Hktu gsrq rqEgkjs vkjls foxfyr efnjk
lqkk gh ,dek= fleU= Lo:i gSA
ckycksfkuhJh".k okRL;k;u&U;k;dk vkJ; ysdj
dgrs gSags pUeqf[k! rqEgkjk eq[ke.My rks pUek
ljh[kk gS] ijUrq rqEgkjs eq[kij fo|eku HkkSagsa vfr dqfVy
gSa] tks esjs tSls ;qotuksads fy, egkHk;adj dky li.khds
leku eksfgr djusokyh] vR;Ur Hk;dk mRiknu dj jgh
gSa] vjs tks geq[kh gksrh gSa] ijUrq rqe rks pUeq[kh gksA
r#.kksads izfr dksi izdkf'kr er djksA bl dky ukfxuhds
dkVusij dksbZ ;qod cp ugha ldrk] u gh dksbZ ,slh
vkS"kk gS] ftlls xjydh Tokyk 'kkUr gks tk;A gk]
rqEgkjh vkj&lqkk gh rqEgkjh Hkwz&:fi.kh li.khds Mlusls
mRik fo"kdks 'kkUr djusds fy, fleU= Lo:i gSA
izLrqr 'yksdesa iqf"irkxzk Nan gSA dfYirksiek ,oa
:id vyadkj gSA
322
JhxhrxksfoUne~
O;Fk;fr o`Fkk ekSua rfUo! izip; ipea]

r#f.k
ekqjkykiSLrkia fouksn; n`f"VfHk%A
lqeqf[k! foeq[kh Hkkoa rkof}eqp u eqp
eka Lo;efr'k;fLuXkks eqXksA fiz;ks;eqifLFkr%
vUo;,oeqsfi vuqkjkekgvf; rfUo ('kkf!
ekeizkI; Roefi 'kklhfr Hkko%)] ;Lekr~ ro o`Fkk
(vdkj.ka) ekSua (rq".khEHkko%) eka O;Fk;fr (lUrki;fr)
rLekr~ ipea (Loja) izip; (foLrkj;)_ ekqjekyi
bfr Hkko%A gs r#f.k (fd'kksfj) ekqjkykiS% (ekqjS%
vkykiS% Hkkf"krS%) rkia (eUeFklUrkia) fouksn; (iz'ke;)A
gs lqefq [k (lqonus)] n`f"VfHk% (ikfLuXkkoyksduS%) foeq[khHkkoa
(oSeq[;ka izR;k[;kudkdZ';fefr ;kor~) foeqp (R;t)
eka u eqp (ek R;k{kh%) lqeq[;kLrs foeq[khHkkoks u ;q
bR;FkZ%A dFkesoa djksehR;kggs eqXks (fopkjew<+s) fiz;%
v;e~ vfr'k;fLuXk% (vfrizseoku~)] dFka fLuXkKkue~
vr vkgLo;e~ vukgwr ,o mifLFkr% (vkxr%)]
vrLR;kxs ew<+rk ,osR;FkZ%
i|kuqokn
rfUo! ekSu gks ekj jgh D;ksa\ iape Lojesa cksyksA
rjy nhBls ns[k n;ds] lkjs cUku [kksyks
foeq[k Hkko ;g lqeqf[k! rqEgkjk vuqfpr vkt cM+k gSA
Lo;a fLuXk vfr'k; ro fiz;] ;g eqXks! lty [kM+k gS
vuqokngs 'kkf! rqEgkjk ;g O;FkZ ekSu&voyEcu
eq>s O;fFkr dj jgk gSA gs r#f.k! ipe Lojdk foLrkj
djksA ekqj vkykiksa rFkk ik voyksduds }kjk esjs
larkidk foekspu djksA gs lqeqf[k! viuh foeq[krkds
Hkkodk ifjR;kx djks] esjk R;kx ughaA gs vfopkjdkfjf.k!
rqels vfr'k; Lusg djusokyk rqEgkjk fiz; ;gk mifLFkr
gSA
323
ckycksfkuhJhjkkkus vc Hkh dksbZ mkj u fn;k]

rc Jh".k vR;Ur vuqu; Hkjs opuksals muls dgus
yxsgs rfUo! fdruh 'krkdks izkIr gks x;h gks\
rqEgkjh pqIih rqEgsa O;FkZ gh vUnj gh vUnj dqrj jgh gS]
eq>s bruk d"V ns jgh gS] ipe jkx NsM+ks] dkseyrk
kkj.k djksA bl olUr rqesa rks dkfefu;k vius
fiz;reksadk vuqdj.k fd;k djrh gSa] rqe rks dks;yls Hkh
vfkd ekqj laykfiuh gks] e/kqj vkyki djks] viuh
n`f"Vls jl&o`f"V djksA gs r#f.k! ik&voyksdu }kjk
esjk larki nwj djksA gs lqeqf[k! rqEgkjs fy, esjs izfr
oSeq[; mfpr ugha gSA mnklhurkdk vifjxzg djks] nEHk
NksM+ nks] esjk ifjR;kx er djksA gs eqXks! gs fopkjjfgrs!
eSa rqEgkjk fiz; gwA vfr'k; fLuXk Lusgijk;.k gwA vukgwr
gh ;gk mifLFkr gqvk gwA ;g ns[kks lkJq gksdj [kM+k gwA
viuh Lusg n`f"Vls eq>s ckk yksA
izLrqr 'yksdesa gfj.kh o`k] ;FkklajRu vykj]
vuqdwy uk;d] izlkn xq.k] dSf'kdh o`fk] oSnHkhZ jhfr
rFkk ekxkh xhfr gSA
cUkwd|qfr&ckUkoks;ekj% fLuXkks ekwdPNfo &

pdkfLr uhy&ufyu Jhekspus ykspue~A
xZ.M'pf.M! uklkH;sfr fry&izlwu&inoha dqUnkHknfUr!
fiz;!s
izk;LRoUeq[k&lso;k fot;rs fo'oa l iq"ik;qk%
vUo;vr% ipiq"ikfprekL;a rs iq"ik;qkfoyklsu
eka nquksrhfr HkkLrnkfu LrkSfrvf; pf.M (dksius)
vf; fiz;s] v;a fLuXk% (yko.;e;%) ro vkj%
cUkqd|qfrokUko% (cUkqdL; iq"ifo'ks"kL; ckkqfy Qqy
bfr Hkk"kk ;k |qfr% dkfUr% rL;k okUko% cUkqddqlqe
324
JhxhrxksfoUne~
ln`'k bR;FkZ%] yksfgrRokr~ lkE;e~) x.Ms (diksys) ekqPNfo%

(ekqdiq"iL; egq;kQqy bfr Hkk"kk NfonhZfIr%) pdkfLr
ik.MqRokr~ v=kfi lkE;e~ rFkk uhy&ufyu&Jhekspus
(uhyufyu;ks% uhyksRiy;ks% Jhekspus 'kksHkk&frjLdkjds)
ykspus pdkLr% dk".;kZn= lkE;e~ vf; dqUnkHk&nfUr
(dqUndqlqen'kus)A v=kfi 'kkSDykr~ lkE;e~ ro uklk
(ukfldk) fryizlwuinoha (fryizlwuL; fryiq"iL; inoha)
vH;sfr (fry&dqlqe&ln`'kh HkkrhR;FkZ%) v= vkR;k
lkE;e~_ vr,o l% (izfl%) iq"ik;qk (dke%) izk;%
(ckgqY;su) RoUeq[klso;k (ro eq[kkjkkusu) RoUeq[kfLFkrkfu
,rkfu dq l q e kfu yCok rS j s o k;q kS % fo'oa fot;rs
(vfHkHkofr)
i|kuqokn
vkj lqeu cUkwd ljl le] dy diksy jl HkhusA
Qwy ekwd cUkqls nf'kr] us= ufyu&Nfo yhus
fry&izlwu&inoh lh uklk nUr dqUn le HkklsA
eq[k vkfJr iq"ik;qk rsjs] tx fot;h gks gkls
vuqokngs fiz;s! pf.M! rqEgkjk vkj cUkwd&
iq"idh Hkkfr euksgj v#.k o.kZds gSa] rqEgkjs lq'khry
diksy ekwd iq"idh Nfodks kkj.k fd;s gq, gSa] rqEgkjs
ykspu bUnhojdh 'kksHkkdks frjLr dj jgs gSa] rqEgkjh
ukfldk fryds Qwyds leku gS] rqEgkjs n'ku dqUn iq"idh
Hkkfr 'kqHkzo.khZ; gSaA gs fiz;s! iq"ik;qkus vius ikp iq"i
:ih ck.kksads }kjk rqEgkjs eq[kdh lsok djds lkjs lalkjdks
thr fy;k gSA
ckycksfkuhgs fiz;s! rqEgkjs eq[kdey ij iq"ikUok
dkensods leku ip vk;qk foyflr gks jgs gSags
pf.M! ;g lqfo[;kr fo'o fotsrk dkenso rqEgkjs bu
iq"i vk;qkksadks ysdj gh leLr fo'odks fot; dj jgk
325
gSA fo'o&fot; djusds ckn ;s vk;qk rqEgkjs eq[ke.My

ij 'kksHkk izkIr dj jgs gSaA ^pf.M*bl lacqf inls
rkRi;Z gS fd vc rd kskdk ifjR;kx ugha fd;k gSA
pf.M vFkkZr~ dksius! ipck.kksadk loSf'k"V o.kZu bl
izdkj gS
() rqEgkjs vkj cUkwd vFkkZr~ nqigfj;kds Qwyds
leku yky o.kZds gSaA ;s dkensods jo.kZds vkd"kZ.k
ck.k gSaA
() rqEgkjs lq'khry diksy ekwd vFkkZr~ egq;sds
leku ljl lqugyh ik.Mwo.kZ dkfUre; gSaA ekuks vHkh&vHkh
mlesals jl pw iM+sxkA ;s dkensods ihro.kZds o'khdj.k
ck.k gSaA
() rqEgkjh uhyh vk[ksa leLr lkSUn;Zdk lkj vius
lkFk gh lfkfgr fd;s gq, gSaA bUgksaus uhy deyksadh
lqUnjrkdk frjLdkj dj fn;k gSA ;s dkenso ds ".k&o.khZ;
mUeknu ck.k gSaA
() rqEgkjh ukfldk fryds Qwyds ln`'k gSA ;s
dkensods ihro.khZ; ko.k ck.k gSaA
() rqEgkjs nkr dqUn iq"ids leku gSaA ;s dkensods
'osro.khZ; 'kks"k.k ck.k gSaA
bl izdkj vius lEiw.kZ ip vk;qkksa}kjk dkenso
rqEgkjs eq[kdh lsokds izlknls fo'o fot; dj jgk gSA
izLrqr 'yksdesa 'kknwZyfohfM+r NUn ,oa mRisz{kk vyadkj
gSA
n`'kkS ro enkyls onufeUnq&lUnhiua

xfrtZu&euksjek
foftrjEHkew#};e~A
jfrLro dykorh #fpjfp=ys[ks Hkzqok&
ogks focqk&;kSora ogfl rfUo! i`Fohxrk
326
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vUo;vf; rfUo ('kkf)] ro n`'kkS (u;us)

enkyls (entU;g"ksZ.k vyls eUFkjs) LoxsZ rq ,dSo
enkylkukEuh vuk_ eekuk Roa rq n`x~:is }s enkyls
kkj;fl_ onue~ bUnqlUnhiua (bUnq% pU% rL; lUnhiua
'kksHkko`fdja pUknfi lefkd&'kksHkklEikfeR;FkZ%) LoxsZfi
bUnqlUnhiuh&ukEuh dkfpnfLr_ (ro) xfr% (xeua) tueuksjek
(tuL; ee euksgkfj.kh) LoxsZfi tueuksjek bfr dkfpr~
#};a (t?ku&;qxya) foftrjEHke~ (foftrk frjLrk
jEHkk dnyh ;su rr~ dnY;k vfi lefkd'kksHkke;e~)
LoxsZfi jEHkkukEuh dkfpr~_ ro jfr% (lqjrfogkj%)
dykorh (lqdkS'kyorh) LoxsZfi dykorhukEuh dkfpr~
fo|rs_ HkzqokS p #fpjfp=ys[ks (#fpjk euksKk fp=k
peRdkfj.kh ys[kk ;;ksLrkn`'kkS) LoxsZrq ,dk ,o fp=&ys[kk_
vgks Roa {kh.kkfi i`Fohxrk (HkwryLFkk) vfi fooqk&;kSora
(nso;qorhlewge~) cgfl (kkj;fl)
i|kuqokn
vouh&vIljh! vyl us=ef;! onu bUnq ro 'kksHksA
xfr eugj] jfr iVq] jEHkk&m#] fp=fyf[kr HkkSa yksHks
vuqokngs rfUo! vk'p;Z gS] kjf.k ryesa vofLFkrk
gksdj Hkh rqe LoxZLFkk fo|kkfj;ksads leku izrhr gks jgh
gks] rqEgkjs u;u flUkq enkylkds enls vyl gks jgs gSaA
rqEgkjk onu fooqk&je.kh bUnq lUnhiuhds leku gSA
rqEgkjk xeu nsoofurk euksjekds leku euksgj gS] rqEgkjs
m#};us lqj;ksf"krk jEHkkdks Hkh ijkftr dj fn;k gSA
rqEgkjk jfr&dkS'ky LoxZLFkk dykorhds leku fofok
dkS'ky;qk gS vkSj rqEgkjs Hkzw;qxy fp=ys[kkds leku
euksgkjh ,oa fofp= gSaA
ckycksfkuhgs rfUo jkfkds! ;|fi rqe bl i`Foh
ij vofLFkr gks] fQj Hkh ,slk yxrk gS tSlk leLr
327
nsofL=;ksadk lewg rqEgkjs Hkhrj fuokl dj jgk gSA rqEgkjh

vk[ksa lkSHkkX;enls vylk;h gqbZ gSa fd vc rks fiz;
rqEgkjs pj.kksaesa gSaA bl izdkj entfur g"kZds dkj.k esjh
vuk gksdj Hkh rqeus LoxZdh vIljk enkylkdks vius
us=ksaesa kkj.k fd;k gSA rqEgkjk eq[ke.My focqkje.kh
bUnqerhdk vkokl gS] tgk pUekls Hkh vfkd vko';drk
gSA rqEgsa ns[kdj pUekds euesa bZ";kZ mRik gksrh gS]
D;ksafd mlesa bruh 'kf dgk gS\ rqEgkjh xfr tu&tuds
eudks vkkfnr djusokyh gSA vr,o rqeesa euksjek
uked vIljkdk fuokl gSA rqEgkjh tk?k dnyh o`{kdks
Hkh vukn`r dj jgh gS] tgk ekuksa jEHkkdk fuokl gSA
rqEgkjh xfr gko] Hkko] foykl fdyfdfpr~ vkfn
dykvksals ;q gSA vr,o rqeesa dykorh uked vIljkdk
fuokl gSA rqEgkjs Hkwz;qxy euksgj fp=jpukds leku gSaA
ogk yxrk gS fd rqe i`Foh ij jgrh gqbZ Hkh bl i`Foh
NUnesa mrjdj nsorkvksads ;kSoudk forku cuh gqbZ gks]
rqEgkjk ;kSou fnO; gksA
izLrqr 'yksdesa i`Foh NUn rFkk dfYirksiekyadkj gSA
izhr oLruqrka gfj% dqoy;kihMsu lkk j.ks

jkkk&ihu&i;kskj&Lej.k RdqEHksu lEHksnoku~A
;= fLo|fr ehyfr {k.k f{kIrs f}is rR{k.kkr~
dalL;kyeHkwr~ ftra ftrfefr O;keksg&dksykgy%
bfr ,dksuo'k% lUnHkZ%A
bfr JhxhrxksfoUns egkdkO;s ekfuuh o.kZus eqXk ekkoks uke
n'ke% lxZ%A
vUo;,oa Lofiz;k&xq.k dhkZukos'kkUegklV&LFkkukuqHkwr&
rRLi'kZ&lq[k&Lej.k&ijo'ka Jh".ka o.kZ;u~ Hkkuk'kkLrs;%
328
JhxhrxksfoUne~
gfj% jkkk&ihu&i;kskj&Lej.kr~&dqEHksu (jkkk;k% ihu;ks%

i;kskj;ks% Lej.krs) lkn`';su laLdkjksn~&ckskdr;k LekjdkS
dqEHkkS ;L; rkn`'ksu) dqoy;kihM+su (rnk[;su dalgfLruk)
lk (lg) j.ks (;q)s lEHksnoku~ (vkloku~) dqoy;kihM+L;
dqEHkLi'ksZu jkkkLruLi'kZ&Le`fro'kkr~ lkfod&Hkkooku~ lu~
bfr Hkko% rFkk p ;= (lEHksn)s rRLi'kZl[q ksu lkfodksn;kr~
{k.ka ({k.ka O;kI;) ".ks fLo|fr (dkUrkdqp;qxLej.kkr~
lkfodHkkoksn;su Losna eqpfr lfr) rFkk ehyfr
(vkos'kHkjkr~ us=s ladksp;fr lfr) dalL; dali{kh;&
tulewgL; vLekfHk% ftra ftrfefr O;keksg&dksykgy%
vyeHkwr~ vFk rsu Jh".ksu rR{k.kkr~ f}is (gfLrfu
dqoy;kihM+s) f{kIrs (gRok nwja izf{kIrs lfr) dalL;
(dali{kh;L; tulewgL;) vusu ftra ftrfefr O;keksg&
dksykgy% (O;keksgsu 'kksdt&ihM+;k ;% dksykgy% dyjo%)
vyeHkwr~ (izknqjklhr~) l% (rf}k%) gfj% o% (;q"ekda)
izhr (vkuUna) vuqrke~ (foLrkj;rq)_ iwoZ= O;keksg%
vkuUnsu] mkj= rq 'kksdsusfr Ks;e~A vr,o lxksZ;a
JhjkkkLej.k&fodkj&o.kZus eqXkks euksgjks ekkoks ;= l
bfr n'ke%
vuqoknos Hkxoku~ Jhgfj lEiw.kZ txrdk vkuUn
oZu djsa_ ftUgsa dqoy;kihM+ gkFkhds mkqax dqEHkdks
ns[kdj Jhjkkkds ihu i;kskjksadk Lej.k gks vk;k] tks
;qdkyesa mlds Li'kZ ek=ls vu jlkos'kds dkj.k
Losniw.kZ gks iM+k] iqu% ftuds u;u ;qxy fuehfyr gks
x;s] ftls dali{kh; thr x;s] thr x;s (ge thr x;s)
vkSj vUrr% mldks ekj nssusij ".ki{k thr x;s] thr
x;s bl izdkjdk O;keksg;q vkuUnlwpd egkdksykgy
gqvk FkkA
329
ckycksfkuhbl izdkj viuh fiz;kds xq.k&dhrZuds

vkos'kesa vR;Ur ladViw.kZ fLFkfresa Jhjkkkthds Li'kZ&
lq[kkuqHkwfrdk Lej.k Jh".kds }kjk gksus ij dfo t;nso
lHkhdks vk'khokZn iznku dj jgs gSa fd Jhgfj vkiyksxksadk
izhfr&oZu djsaA tc Hkxoku~ Jh".kdk dalds gkFkh
dqoy;kihM+ds lkFk ;q gqvk] rc ml ;q&LFkyesa ml
gkFkhds dqEHkLFkydks ns[kdj mUgsa Jhjkkkthds ihu i;kskjksadk
Lej.k gks vk;kA ml gkFkhds Li'kZls mUgsa Jhjkkkthds
Li'kkZuqHkwfr tU; lkfod Hkkodk mn; gqvkA ml k`kfjd
vkuUnesa foy gks tkusls vFkkZr~ Jhjkkkthds feyu&tU;
vkuUnds Lej.kls mUgksaus vius us= cUn dj fy;sA rc
dalds lHkklnksadks ;g le>dj vkuUn gqvk fd gekjh
thr gks x;h gS] Jh".kus Hk;Hkhr gksdj viuh vk[ksa
cUn dj yh gSaA ij tSls gh Jh".kus O;keksg okD;ksadh
mPp ofudk Jo.k fd;k] rc vfr'kh?kz Lo;adks laHkky
fy;k vkSj {k.kHkjesa gh ml gkFkhdks iNkM+dj ekj
fxjk;kA rc mlh 'k=q i{kesa mUgha lHkklnksads eq[kls
vpkud ;g ofu fudy iM+hJh".k thr x;s] thr
x;sA ;g ofu vkuUnnk;d dksykgy cu xbZA
bl izdkj ;g lxZ Jhjkkkds Lej.k&tfur fodkjds
o.kZuls ;q gSA bl fodkj Hkko }kjk ekko vR;Ur
euksgj os'k kkj.k fd;s gq, gSaA
bfr n'ke lxZA
yyy
330
JhxhrxksfoUne~
,dkn'k% lxZ%
lkeksn&nkeksnj%
lqfpj euqu;su izh.kf;Rok e`xk{kha
xrofr ros'ks ds'kos dqt'k;ke~A
jfpr&#fpj&Hkw"kka n`f"V eks"ks iznks"ks
LQqjfr fujolknka dkfi jkkka txkn
vUo;,oa fiz;ka izlk| dqt'k;ka xrofr Jh".ks
dkfi (l[kh) n`f"Veks"ks (n`"V eqpkfr relko`.kksfr rFkkss
n'kZupkSjs bR;FkZ%) iznks"ks (lU;k;ka) LQqjfr (izdk'kekus
lfr) lqfpja (nh?kZdkya O;kI;) vuqu;su e`xk{kha (Jhjkkka)
izh.kf;Rok (lUrks";) ros'ks (ifjfgr&k`kjksfpr&os'ks)
ds'kos (".ks) dqt'k;ka xrofr lfr fujolknka
(vuqu;kfnuk volknjfgrka LQqkerhfeR;FkZ%) vr,o
jfpr&#fpj&Hkw"kka (jfprk #fpjk fiz;euksgkfj.kh Hkw"kk ;;k
rka) jkkka txkn (oHkk"ks)
vuqokne`xu;uk Jhjkkkdks fpjdky rd vuqu;&
fou;ls izlk djds Jh".k pys vk;s vkSj eksguos'k
kkj.kdj fudqt&efUnj fLFkr 'k;k ij vofLFkr gks
mudh izrh{kk djus yxs] bkj n`f"V&vkPNknudkfj.kh
lU;k mifLFkr gqbZ rc fofok euksgj vykj foHkwf"krk
Jhjkkkls dksbZ l[kh bl izdkj dgus yxh
i|kuqokn
fpj vuqu;ls gks vuqdwy kjdj lqUnj os'k]
tkusdks m|r gS tks vc dqat 'k;u gfj ns'kA
[ksnjfgr vkrqj
jkkkls
n`xgj
la;k dkys
l[kh ,d gl cksy mBhgs e`xu;uh! cztokys
,dkn'k% lxZ%lkeksn&nkeksnj%
331
ckycksfkuhbl izdkj Jh".k Jhjkkkdk cgqr nsj

rd euqgkj djrs jgs] vUrr% Jhjkkk izlk gks x;ha vkSj
Jh".k lek'oLr gksdj fudqt x`gesa dsfy&'k;kdh
jpuk djus pys x;sA e`xu;uh Jhjkkk mYyflr gks x;haA
lkjk [ksn fo"kkn vixr gks x;k] fgj.kh tSlh vk[kksaesa
Hkkoksadk mn~osyu gksus yxkA muesa g"kZ lek x;kA Hkhrj
gh Hkhrj mexus yxhaA vfHklj.kds ;ksX; os'kHkw"kk uhy
fupksy (uhys olu) dks iguus yxha] ftls dksbZ vkSj u
ns[k lds] muls feyu ;ksX; euksgj vkHkw"k.kksadks Lo;a gh
iguus yxhaA bl vkHkj.kksadks Hkh dksbZ ns[k u ldsxkA
rHkh dksbZ l[kh Jhjkkkls vuqjkskiwoZd Jh".kls feyuds
fy, izksRlkfgr djrs gq, dgus yxhjkks] vc rks rqEgsa
fo'okl gks x;k u] ekqlwnu rqEgkjs vuqxr gSaA iznks"kdk
vFkZ gSjkf=dky LQqfjr gks jgk gS] bl le; n`f"Vesa
dqN Li"V ugha gksrkA
izLrqr 'yksdesa ekfyuh NUn gSA
vFk o'k lUnHkZ%
xhre~
olUrjkx;frrkykH;ka xh;rsA
vuqoknJhxhrxksfoUn dkO;dk ;g chlok izcUk
olUr jkx rFkk ;fr rkyesa xk;k tkrk gSA
fojfpr&pkVq&opu&jpua pj.ks jfpr&izf.kikre~A

lEizfr etqy&otqy&lhefu dsfy&'k;ueuq;kre~
eqXks! ekq&eFkueuqxreuqlj jkfkds! /kzqoe~
vUo;vf; eqXks (fopkjew<+s) jkfkds lEizfr (vkquk)
fojfpr&pkVq&opu&jpua (fojfprk Hkk izfrikfnrk
pkVqopukuka jpuk ;su ra) pkVqopuek=s.k dFka Ks;kuqxfr%\
332
JhxhrxksfoUne~
^^py lf[k! py ?ku';ke lnuesaA**
333
r=kg pj.k&jfpr&izf.kikra (pj.ks jfpr% r% izf.kikr%

iz.kfr% ;su ra iknkurfeR;FkZ%) RoRlehis fdfefr e;k
izkF;Zr\
s r=kg lEizfr (ro izlkneky{;) etqyotqylhefu
(etqykuka euksKkuka otqykuka osrlkuka lhefu e;izns'ks)
dsfy'k;ua (fogkj'k;ke~) vuq?kkre~ (izfLFkre~) vuqxra
('kj.kkxra) ekqeFkua (".ka) vuqlj (vfHkxPN) vuqxrkuq&
xeu'kSfFkY;kr~ eqXks bfr lEckskue~
vuqokngs eqXks jkfkds! fofok izdkjds pkVqokD;ksads
vuqu; fou; }kjk rqEgkjs pj.kksaesa four gksusokys Jh".k
bl le; euksgj osrl ouds yrk&dqtesa dsfy 'k;k
ij 'k;u dj jgs gSa] rqe muds vuqxr gksdj mudk
vfHklj.k djksA
i|kuqokn
py lf[k] py ?ku';ke lnu esa eatqy oatqy
daqt dsfy Fky ns[k Fkds gfj rq>dks iy&iyA
dh euqgkjs fxjs pj.k ry Hkj yk;s jh uhj u;u esa
py lf[k! py ?ku';ke lnu esa
ckycksfkuhl[kh dgus yxhgs jkfkds! os ekqfjiq
Jh".k rqEgkjs lEiw.kZ :ils vuqxr gks x;s gSaA rqe muds
ikl pyks ,oa 'kh?kz gh vfHklj.k djksA nsj er djksA
vius ekqj&ekqj opuksals mUgksaus rqels vuqu; fou;
fd;k gSA rqEgkjs pj.kksaesa lokZReHkkols izf.kikr fd;k gSA
rqEgkjs Lokxrdh rS;kjhesa layXu gksdj bl le; osrlh
dqatds vUrxZr dsfy&'k;k ij vklhu gks jgs gSa] rqe
mudk vuqlj.k djksA gs eqXks! rqe fdruh Hkksyh gks]
fiz;ds vfHklj.k dkydks Hkh ugha tkurh gksA pyks mudk
vuqlj.k djrs gq, lokZReHkkodks izkIr gks tkvksA
izLrqr 'yksdesa ^jkfkds* esa ^d* izR;; mlds eqXkRodks
|ksfrr djrk gSA ekqlwnudk vuqlj.k djksA foyEc er
334
JhxhrxksfoUne~
djks] ;g kqzo in gSA rtqy vkfn foHkkols fudaqt

miknku bR;kfn izdV gks jgk gSA
?ku&t?ku&Lru&Hkkj Hkjs! njeUFkjpj.kfogkje~A

eq[kfjr&ef.kethjeqifS g foksfg ejkyfudkje~
eqXks----
vUo;,rfk'kE; ekS u s u lEefrew g ekuk 'kh?kz a
xeuizdkjekgvf; ?ku&t?ku&Lru&HkkjHkjs (t?kusp LrukSp
t?kuLrua ?kua lagra ;r~ t?kuLrua rL; HkkjL; Hkj%
vfr'k;ks ;L;k% rRlEcqkS) vr,o nj&eUFkj&pj.k&fogkja
(njeUFkj% bZ"kUeUn% pj.kfogkj% iknfo{ksi% ;Fkk L;kr~
rFkk) eq[kfjref.kethja (eq[kfjrkS 'kfCnrkS ef.kethjkS
jRuuwiqjkS ;= rr~ ;Fkk rFkk) misfg (".keqixPN) rsu
ejkyfudkja (ejkykuka jktgalkuka fudkja ifjHkoa) foksfg
(xeusu ejkya ijkt;LosR;FkZ%)_ uwijq &ousglifjHkkfoRokfnfr
Hkko%
vuqokngs ijLij xq#&Hkkj;q Lru vkSj t?ku
;qxy 'kkfyfu jkks! rqe bZ"kr~ eUn&eUFkj xfrls pj.kksadks
foU;Lr djrs gq, ef.kjfpr uwiqjksals euksgj 'kCn djrs
gq, ejky&xeudh 'kksHkkdks Hkh ijkftr djrs gq, Jh".kds
lehi pyksA
i|kuqokn
thu i;ks ku l?ku uo] ef.k uwiqjdk
>u&>u&>u&[kk ys eUFkj xfr vfr lf[kA
vfHkuo
gj
galksadh
pky
pj.kesa
py lf[k! py ?ku';ke lnu essa
ckycksfkuhLFkwy m#}; ,oa ihu i;kskjksals foHkwf"kr
Jhjkkk! rqe Lru&Hkkj ,oa Jks.kh&Hkkjls >qdh tk jgh gksA
rqe khjs&khjs pyks] rqEgkjh foyfEcr y;e;h pky
galksadks Hkh yfTtr djusokyh gSA rqe khjs&khjs eUFkj
335
xfrls ml eatqy dsfy&dqtesa ikkjksA vius ef.ke;

uwiqjksals lqlfTtr dneksadks ,sls foU;Lr djks fd mudk
ekqj jl&oZd ukn gksrk jgsA gs eqXks! vc bu f'kfFky
iknkjfoUnksadks i`Foh ij j[krs gq, galdh pkydks ijkftr
djrs gq, ekqlwnuds lehi pyksA nsj er djksA bu
ef.kuwiqjksadks eq[kfjr gksus nksA
k`.kqje.kh;rja
r#.khtueksgu&ekqq&fjiq&ojkoe~A
dqlqe&'kjklu 'kklu&ofUnfu fidfudjs Hkt Hkkoe~
eqXks----
vUo;r= p xRokje.kh;rja (vfreuksgja) vr,o
r#.kh&tu&eksgu&ekqfjiq&jkoe~ (r#.khtukuka ;qorhuka eksgua
eksgtuda ekqfjiks% ".kL; jkoa opua) k`.kq_ rFkk
dqlqe&'kjklu&'kklu&ofUnfu (dqlqe&'kjkluL; iq"ikUou%
dkeL; 'kklue~ vkns'k% ^^gs ;qoR;% dkUrlkkgeUrjs.k
en~ck.kkr~ vU;ks jf{krk ukfLr] vrks ekua R;tr** bfr
dkekKk rL; ofUnfu Lrkods) fid&fudjs (dksfdylewgs)
Hkkoa (vuqjkxa) HktA bnkuha dksfdy&lewgs ra fo}s"ka
R;DRok rs"kkekykia lq[ksu k`.kq bR;FkZ%
vuqoknrqe r#f.k;ksads eu&eksgd Hkzejksa (Jh".k)
ds je.kh;rj lqekqj opuksadk Jo.k djksA dUniZds
lqekqj vkns'kdk izpkj djusokys dksfdy lewgds xkuesa
fut Hkkoksadks izkIr djksA
i|kuqokn
ekqok.kh eksgudh lqu ys]
eksfgr ;qotu ftl ij xqu ysA
dqlqe 'kjklu 'kklu kqu ys
dwd mBh dksfdy ekqou esaA
py lf[kA py ?ku';ke lnu esa
336
JhxhrxksfoUne~
ckycksfkuhlf[k! py Hkh iM+ksA lquks u] rqEgkjs

vfHklkj gsrq fdrus gh eaxy ladsr gks jgs gSaA ;g
olUr&rq gSA pgq fn'kkvksals Hkzejksadk xaqtu fuukfnr gks
jgk gSA ;s rqEgkjh uwiqj ofuls rky esy fcBkusds fy,
fody gks jgs gSaA je.kh; r#.khtuksads fpkdks eksfgr
djusokyh bu Hkzejksadh ofu lquks] lf[k! tSlk ;g ekqi
';keo.kZdk gS oSls gh Jh".k ';keo.kZds gSaA muds
vfHklj.k gsrq ladsr ukn r#f.k;ksads fpkdks eaxy dj
nsrs gSaA Hkyk mudh lkuqu;iw.kZ pkVqdkjksf;k fdlds
eudks vkUnksfyr ugha djrhaA ns[kks] lquks bl ekqeklesa
dkensodh vkKkdkfj.kh dksfdyk, Hkh dwd mBh gSaA
budk iape Loj ekuks dkensodh vkKkdk mn~?kks"k dj
jgk gSA dkensodh ofUnuh gksdj Hkh ;s dwt jgh gaS] rqe
Hkh bu dksfdykvksaesa vius Hkkoksadks lekfgr dj nksA
dkensods vkns'kdks izlkfjr&izpkfjr gksus nksA dkensods
dqlqelk;d eukstdh vkKkdk fMe&fMe ukn (mn~?kks"k)
djksA dkensodk vkns'k gSlHkh foyklh r#.k&r#f.k;k
olUr rqesa mUeq fogkj djsaA
izLrqr 'yksdesa êkqi* 'kCnls Jh".k miyf{kr gks
jgs gSaA
^dqlqe'kjklu 'kklu ofUnfu* inls dksfdykvksads
foHkkoRodks izdV fd;k x;k gSA
vfuy&rjy&fdly;&fudjs.k djs.k yrkfudqjEce~A

iszj.kfeo djHkks#! djksfr xr izfr eqp foyEce~
eqXks----
vUo;e}pueuqeksnekuk yrklUrfrjfi Roka izjs ;rhR;kg
vf; djHkks# (^êf.kcUkknkdfu"Ba djL; djHkks cfg%**
bfr vej&'kklukr~ djHk% dfu"Bkqfyrks ef.kcUki;ZUr%
djL; cfgHkkZx% r}r~] ;}k dfj'kkod&'kq.Mor~ #
337
;L;k% rRlEcqkS) yrkfudqjEca (yrklewg%) vfi

vfuyrjy&fd'ky;fudjs.k (vfuysu ok;quk rjy% ppy%
;% fd'ky;fudj% rwis.k) djs.k izsj.kfeo djksfr_ rLekr~
xr (xeua) izfr foyEca eqp vpsrukuqdwY;sukfi RoPpsrks
u orhR;fHkizk;%A oLrqrLrq mhiuesoSrr~ loZe~
vuqokngs dfj'kq.M le je.kh; m# ;qxy 'kkfyfu!
iou osxls ppy yrk&leqnk; u;s&u;s iYyoksa }kjk
ekuks rqEgsa ladsr djrs gq, iszfjr dj jgk gSA vr% gs
djHkks#! vc tkusesa foyEc er djksA
i|kuqokn
yrkiqatds
iYyo
fgydj]
cqyk jgs T;ksa mBk lgt dj]
gs djHkks # A xeu dj lRojA
en Nk;k gS
ey; iouesa]
py lf[k! py ?ku';ke lnuesa
ckycksfkuhl[kh dgrh gSgs djHkks#! vFkkZr~ gkFkhdh
lwM+ds leku ta?kkvksa okyh! ok;qls ppy iYyo:ih
gkFkksals yrkvksads lewg rqEgsa Jhgfjds ikl tkusdh iszj.kk
ns jgs gSa] pyks] lkjh izfr rqEgsa vkxs ys tkusds fy,
fody gS] vc foyEc er djksA ;g eUn&eUn c;kj
py jgh gSA fdly;ds vkUnksyu&ladsr rqEgsa izksRlkfgr
dj jgs gSaA vpsru psruds leku rqEgsa izfrcksfkr dj
jgs gSaA vr% rqEgkjh b"V&flf vo';EHkkoh gSA Rofjr
xfrls pyks] tYnh djksA rqeesa vuqj fiz;re Jh".k
otqy yrkx`gesa foykl 'k;k ij rqEgkjh izrh{kk dj jgs
gSaA pyrs le; rqEgkjs iSjksadk ijh fgLlk gFksyh ;k
gFksyhdh <yku tSlk yxrk gSA
LQqfjr&eu&rj&o'kkfno lqfpr gfj&ifjjEHke~A

i`PN euksgj&gkj&foey&tykkjeeqa dqpdqEHke~
eqXks----
338
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vUo;,oa HkkoeqhI; fodkjku~ n'kZ;fr;fn e}pu&

eukReh;fefr eU;ls rgvurjo'kkr~ (dkekos'kgsrks%)
LQqfjrfeo (dfEirfeo) vr,o lwfpr&gfj&ifjjEHka (lwfpr%
izdfVr% gjs% ".kL; ifjjEHk% vkfyua ;su rFkksa)
okeLru&dEiua fg fiz;lea lwp;rhfr izflf%_ rFkk
euksgj&gkj&foey&tykkje~ euksgj% gkj ,o foeyk
LoPNk tykkjk ;= rkn`'ka_ dqpks;a dylRosu fu:fir%
dfEir'pku&rjo'kkr~ rLekr~ gkjksfi tykkjkRosu
fu:fir% veqa dqpdqEHka i`PN (fiz;re&lehis xeuekquA
;qa uosfr ftKklLo)
vuqokneuksgj gkj:ih foey tykkjkvksals ifj'kksfHkr
vu&rjds o'khHkwr Jhgfjds ifjjEHk.kds lwpd vius
bu izLQqfjr dqp&dqEHkksals gh iwN dj ns[kksA
i|kuqokn
fiz;
vkyxuds
vk;s
{k.k]
enu
rjafxr
dafir
e`nqruA
iwN dqpksals gkj kkj ty <jrs
tks
ou
dqEHk
'kdqu
esaA
ckycksfkuhl[kh dgrh gSgs jkks! D;k lksp jgh
gks\ vc rqEgsa vkSj fdl izek.kdh vko';drk gSA ;fn
rqEgsa esjk fo'okl ugha gS rks euksgj gkj:ih tykkjk
okys dqEHkds leku vius dqpksals iwN yksA Hkyk buds
izLQqj.kdk dkj.k D;k gS\ ;s dkensodh rjaxls o'khHkwr
gksdj rjaxkf;r gks jgs gSa vkSj fiz; vkyxudh lwpuk ns
jgs gSa] budh jlkkjkesa gh Jhgfj isze&lkxjesa fueXu gks
tk;saxsA bUgsa Jhgfjds dj&dey Li'kZdh ykylk gks jgh
gSA bu Lru:ih 'kdqu&dy'kksa ij fo|eku foey euksgj
gkj ikou ,oa fueZy tydh kkjkds leku gSA ;gh
339
tydh kkjk rjk;eku gksdj fiz; izkfIrdk lans'kk ns jgh

gSA dkeds vkos'kls LQqfjr rqEgkjs Lru gh rks QM+d dj
'kqHk 'kdqu cu jgs gSaA bls vfHk'kki le>dj vc rqe
foyEc er djks] 'kh?kz pyksA
vfkxrefjoy&l[khfHkfjna ro oiqjfi jfr&j.k&lTte~A

pf.M! jf.kr&jluk&jo&fMf.MeefHklj ljleyTte~
eqXks----
vUo;lEizfr ekkokuqlj.ks dkP;kfn&Hkw"k.keso Roka
ok|a O;uhR;kgvf; pf.M (jfrj.kizoh.ks) u dsoya
ro eu ,o] ijUrq ro oiq% ('kjhje~) vfi jfrj.klTta
(jfrj.ks) lqjrlaxzkes lTta (lfTtra) bfr vf[kyl[khfHk%
(lgpjhoxSZ%) vfkxra (ifjKkre~) vU;Fkk dFka dkP;kfn
xzg.kefr Hkko%_ vr% jf.krjlukjofMf.Mea (jf.krk
'kfCnrk ;k jluk dkph rL;k% jo% ofujso fMf.Me%
j.kok|Hksn% ;= rkn`'ka ;Fkk rFkk) ljle~ (lksRlkge~)
vr,o vyTta (yTtk'kwU;a ;Fkk rFkk) vfHklj
(fiz;kfHkeq[keujHkwe ;kfg) j.klfTtrL; foyEcks Hkhfreso
vklt;fr bR;FkZ%
vuqokngs jfrj.kfuiq.ks! gs pf.M! rqEgkjk ;g 'kjhj
jfr&j.k gsrq lqlfTtr gks jgk gSA ;g foy{k.krk rqEgkjh
lf[k;ksaus tku yh gSA vr% yTtkdk ifjR;kx dj
ef.ke; es[kykds euksgj fltuls fMf.Me ofu djrh
gqbZ ijeksRlkgds lkFk vfHklj.k gsrq xeu djksA
i|kuqokn
Kkr
l[khls
yfTtr
dSls]
jfr&j.k&fgr lfTtr gS ftlls ]
dfd.kh
fel
ctrh gS tSlsA
esjs
Lejdh
ldy
Hkqouesa]
340
JhxhrxksfoUne~
ckycksfkuhl[kh Jhjkkkthls dgrh gS fd vc D;ksa

Bld jgh gks] rqEgkjh vfHkyk"kk rks gnds ikj pyh x;h
gSA fQj Bgjko D;ksa\ Jh".kds lkFk vfHklkj djusesa
dSlh yTtk] rqEgkjh lf[k;k gh gSa] cl ;gk vkSj dksbZ
ugha gSA O;FkZ gh D;ksa dksi dj jgh gksA rqEgkjh lHkh
lf[k;ksadks ;g ckr vPNh rjg ekywe gks xbZ gS fd
rqEgkjk 'kjhj jfr:i laxzkeds fy, rRij gSA ;g 'kjhj
vyadkjksals ef.Mr gks jgk gSA vFkkZr~ jfr&hM+k mi;ksxh
lEiw.kZ miknkuksals foHkwf"kr gks jgk gSA ;qdh ojkaxuk
cudj rqe izLrqr gks jgh gksA Bhd gh rks gS ftl rjg
;qds fy, iz;k.kds le; fofok ok| ctk;s tkrs gSaA
mlh rjg tc jfr&j.kds fy, rqe izLFkku djksxh rks ml
le; djkuhesa layXu ?kq?k: ctus yxsaxsA mlh fMf.Me
?kks"kdks djrh gqbZ rqe ykt NksM+dj jlds izokgesa izokfgr
gksdj Jhgfjds lfkdV vuqjkxds lkFk vfHklj.k djksA
pyks] gs pf.M! ladsr LFkydh vksj mUeq[k gksA
j.kds fy, m|r Jhjkkkds fy, p.Mh fo'ks"k.k
mfpr gh gSA
Lej&'kj&lqHkx&u[ksu l[kheoyEC; djs.k lyhye~A

py oy;&Dof.krSjocksk; gfjefi futxfr'khye~
eqXks----
vUo;Lej&'kj&lqHkx&u[ksu (LejL; dkeL; 'kjkbo
lqHkxk% 'kksHkuk u[kk ;L; rkn`'ksu] ro ip u[kk ,o
lEeksguknhfu dkekkf.k bfrHkko%) djs.k (gLrsu) lyhya
(lfoykla ;Fkk rFkk) l[khe~ voyEC; py (xPN)
xRokp oy;Dof.krS% (d.kfltuS%) futxfr'khya (futxrkS
RoRizkIrkS 'khya lekfk% fpkSdkxzrsfr ;kor~ ;L; rkn`'ka
gfjefi (gfjp) vocksk; (Kki;] j.kk; lkokkua dq#
bfr Hkko%) lehphuks ;kskfg izfrHkVeofgra RoSo
;q;rs bR;FkZ%
341
vuqoknrqEgkjs djdeyds je.kh; ipu[k jfr&

j.kksi;ksxh enuds iapck.k Lo:i gSaA buls viuh l[khdk
vkJ; djds rqe yhykiwoZd pyksA iz[;kr 'khye;
Jhgfjdks Hkh vius oy;dh Dof.kr ofu ls vocksk
djk nksA
i|kuqokn
Lej&'kj&le u[k] dj fut lqUnj]
ns
gkFkksaesa
lf[kds
lRoj]
[ku&[ku oy; ctk 'kS ; k ijA
py gkjs
gfj
'khy
n;uesa]
ckycksfkuhl[kh Jhjkkkthls dgrh gSgs lqHkxs!
rqEgkjs bu dksey euksgj gkFkksd
a s uk[kwu dkensods iap&ck.k:ih
iq"i gSaA bu lqUnj u[kokys gkFkksals cM+s gko&HkkoiwoZd
l[khdk gkFk idM+dj yhykiwoZd pyksA ;s u[k dkeds
ck.kds leku gh cskd gSaA bl jfrj.kesa ;s euksgj u[k
gh rqEgkjs 'kL=kL= gSaA ftl izdkj dksbZ ;ksk vius
izfr}U}h dks lwfpr djds gh ;qesa izo`k gksrk gSA mlh
izdkj rqe Hkh vius gkFkksads dad.kdh ofuls] viuh
pwfM+;ksadh >adkjls dkensods o'khHkwr izrh{kkjr Jh".kdks
vius vkxeudks trk nksA os viuh rS;kjhesa yxs gSa]
vius eudh vfHkyk"kkiw.kZ djuk pkgrs gSaA mUgsa lwfpr
djds gh rqe jfrj.kesa izo`k gksvksA
Jht;nso&Hkf.krekjhr&gkjeqnkflrjkee~A
gfj&fofufgr&eulkefkfr"Brq d.BrVhefojkee~
eqXks----
vUo;vkjhrgkja (vkjhr% frjLr% gkj% ;su
rr~_ bnesoxhra ijea d.BHkw"k.kfeR;FkZ%) mnkflrjkea (mnkflrk
frjLrk jkek mkek je.kh ;su rFkkfoka_ lqUn;kZ je.;k
342
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vfi lqUnjrjfeR;FkZ%) Jht;nsoHkf.kra (Jht;nsoHkkf"kra)

gfj&fofufgr&eulka (gjkS ".ks fofufgre~ vira euks
;s"kka rkn`'kkuka ".kHkkukfeR;FkZ% d.BrVha (d.Bns'ka)
vfojkee~ (fujUrje~) vfkfr"Brq (".kkirfpkk% lrra
t;nsoxhra dhkZ;Urq bfr Hkko%)
vuqoknJht;nso dfFkr ;g xhr Hkw"k.k&Lo:i
euksgj gkj rFkk eueksfguh ojkukdks frjLr djusokyk
gS] ftudk eu Jh".kds izfr leir gks x;k gS] ,sls
Hkksads d.Besa ;g xhr vfojy :ils fojkftr gksA
i|kuqokn
Jht;nso dfFkr ;g dfork d.Bgkj gks ftudhA
jgs u bPNk gkj xzg.k dh okek ;kSou kudh
ckycksfkuhJht;nso dfo }kjk dgk x;k ;g xhr
jRuksads gkjdks frjLr djusokyk] ;qofr;ksadks mnklhu
cukusokys Hkxoksads d.Besa lnk fuokl djsA ;g gkj
vkjhr gSA tks eqkfnls xzfFkr gkjdks vonksfyr
djusokyk gSA ftu ijk'kj vkfn oS".koksadk fpk Hkxokuesa
yxk gqvk gS] os yksx jRuksads gkjdks ugha] t;nso dfFkr
bl gkjdks kkj.k djsaxsA os gh oS".ko bl xhrdks vius
d.Bls vkfyfr djsaxsfdlh je.khdks ughaA ;g gkj
bUgha oS".koksads xysesa fojktsxkA gkj vkSj je.kh rks
lkalkfjd jkfx;ksads xysdks vyar djrs gSa] vkSj os Hkh
lHkh voLFkkvksaesa ugha cfYd rk#.;koLFkkesa ghA t;nso
dfo r ;g xhr Jhgfj fo"k;d gksusls Hkxoksads
d.Bdks lHkh voLFkkvksaesa leyar djsA
izLrqr v"Vinhesa k`kj foizyEHk uked jl gSA
mke uk;d gSA Jhgfjrkyjkfttykjfoyflr ukedk ;g
chlok izcUk lEiw.kZ gqvkA
343
lk eka {;fr o{;fr LejdFkka izR;ekfyuS%A

izhr ;kL;fr jaL;rs lf[k lekxR;sfr lafpUr;u~
l Roka i';fr osirs iqyd;R;kuUnfr fLo|frA
izR;qnx~ PNfr ewPNZfr fLFkj re%iqts fudqtsfiz;%
vUo;vFk l[kh Jhjkkka Rojf;rqa Jh".kL;
vR;qRd.Bkekglk (fiz;k es) lekxrk eka {;fr_
n`"V~ok p LejdFkka (izsekykia) o{;fr_ rr'p izR;a
(vs vs) vkfyuS% izhr ;kL;fr (izkIL;fr)_ izhfr;qk
lrh e;k lg jaL;rs (fogfj";fr)bfr fpUrkdqy%
lu~ vf; lf[k] fLFkjre%iqts (fLFkja xk<+a re%iqta
;fLeu~ rkn`'ks reky&oukUkdkj&fufoM+s) fudqts l% ro
fiz;% (Jh".k%) Roka i';fr (Lon;s Rokeso fujh{krs)
n`"V~okp osirs (Lejkos'ksu dEirs) iqyd;fr (rkRLej.kkr~
ltkrjksekpks Hkofr) ro lqjrizkIR;k'k;k vkuUnfr_
fLo|fr (RofPpUr;k ?kekZks Hkofr) lS"kk fiz;k es
vkxrsfr lEHkkO; izR;qn~xPNfr rr'p ewPNZfr
vuqokngs lf[k! rqEgkjs fiz;re Jh".k fudqtesa
fufoM+ vakdkjls vko`k gks fpUrkrqj gks jgs gSa fd Jhjkkk
dc vkdj eq>s izhfriw.kZ us=ksals ns[ksxhA enu&vfHkyk"kk
lwpd jliw.kZ ckrsa dgsxhA v&izR;dk vkfyu dj
izlk gksxh] je.k djsxhA bl izdkj vkidks izR;{kdh
Hkkfr ns[k jgs gSa] vkos'kesa dfEir gks jgs gSa] foiqy iqyd
vkSj vlhe vkuUnls mRQqYy gks jgs gSaA ilhusls ifjIyqr
gks jgs gSa] rqEgsa vk;k tku mBdj [kM+s gks jgs gSa vkSj
izcy vkuUnkos'kls ewPNr gks jgs gSaA
i|kuqokn
fLFkjre iqats osrl daqts fpUrkrqj gfj jkksA
^ôg ns[ksxh eq>s dgsxh Lejo.kh Hkqt ckks
344
JhxhrxksfoUne~
pkgsxh hMkjr gksxh** dg ;ksa Hkzeesa HkwysA

rq>s ns[krs dirs&glrs jksrs fxj fg; gwys
ckycksfkuhl[kh dg jgh gSjkks! Jhgfj l?ku
vakdkjesa cSBs gq, gSaA ml fudaqtesa vfr fofp=
jkx&vuqjkxe; f;k&dyki dj jgs gSaA meM+&meM+ dj
k`kfjd ps"Vk, dj jgs gSaA ml yrkdqatesa vfr
fpUrkdqy gksdj lksp jgs gSaA lksp&lkspdj foyl jgs
gSajkkk eq>s ns[ksxhA esjs lkFk ekqj&efnj mUekne;h
jlhyh ckrsa djsxhA esjs vax&vaxdk vkyxu dj izlk
gks tk;sxhA rnuUrj esjs lkFk jfrhM+k gsrq m|r gksxhA
bl izdkj vusdksa euksjFkksals mYyflr gksdj gqyl jgs gSaA
Jh".k vkidks ;kuesa ns[krs gSaA vkidk voyksdu dj
flgj mBrs gSa] iqydk;eku gks tkrs gSaA LofIuy lekxe
jl eq[kdh vuqHkwfr djus yxrs gSaA jfrdsfy e
fodklesa mexrs gq, Losniw.kZ gks tkrs gSaA Hkko&LoIuesa
rqedks ns[kdj mB [kM+s gksrs gSa vkSj ;FkkFkZesa rqEgsa u
ns[kdj ewPNr gks tkrs gSaA
izLrqr 'yksdesa 'kknwZy fohfM+r NUn] nhid vyadkj
,oa v"V lkfod foHkkx gSa
() LrEHk rFkk oSo.;ZfufoM+ vUkdkjesa k`kfjd
ps"Vk, rFkk fpUrkdqy gksdj Jhjkkkdks nwj&nwj rd
ns[kukA
() osiFkq rFkk jksekplqIrHkkoesa Jhjkkkdk dkedsfy
oZd okrkZykidk fpUru dj dkiuk ,oa iqyfdr gksukA
() vJq rFkk LosndYiukesa Jhjkkk }kjk izR;sd
vax&vkfyuds vkuUndh vuqHkwfr djuk vkSj jfre
fodklesa ilhusls rj gksukA
() LojHk rFkk izy;je.k gsrq Jhjkkkdks cqykusesa
vleFkZ gksuk vkSj Jhjkkkds u feyus ij ewPNr gks
tkukA
345
v{.kksuf{kintua Jo.k;ksLrkfiPN xqPNkoyhaA

ewu~ ';keljkstnkedqp;ks% dLrwfjdk&i=de~
kwkkZukefHklkj&lRoj&nka fo"o~fudqts lf[kA
okUra uhy&fupksy&pk# lqn'` kka izR;ekfyfr
vUo;vFkkUkdkjs
vfHklkjksfpros'kksidj.kefi
,rnsosR;kgvf; lf[k fudqts fo"od~ (loZrksO;kfi)
uhyfupksypk# (uhyuhpksyknfi pk# euksKa_ lokZkojdRosu
vkfyueqRizsf{kre~) okUra (re%) kwkkZuke~ (ijopdkuke~)
vfHklkj&lRoj&nka (vfHklkjs lRoja RojkfUora r~ n;a
;klka rFkkHkwrkuka)_ ijopdr;k dnkfpr~ lRoje~ vfHkljsr~
bR;rks foyEcks u dk;Z bfr Hkko% lqn`'kka (lqykspukuka
je.khuka) v{.kks% (us=;ks%) vtua (dTtya) Jo.k;ks%
(d.kZ;ks%) rkfirPN&xqPNkoyha (rkfiPNkuka rekykuka xqPNkoyha
dqlqeLrodJs.kha d.kZHkw"k.k HkwrkfeR;FkZ%) ew~Zfu (f'kjfl)
';ke&ljkst&nke (uhyksRiyjfprka ekyka) rFkk dqp;ks%
(Lru;ks%) dLrwfjdki=da (e`xukfHk jfpr i=&Hk&ys[kka)
fuf{kir~ (nwja izsj;r~_ Lo;a rkwis.k ifj.kefnfr Hkko%)
izR;a (vs vs) vkfyfr (fiz;kfHklkjkuqdwY;su lq[ka
nnkrhR;FkZ%)
vuqokngs lf[k! ns[kks] fudqatesa pkjksa vksj f?kjk
gqvk vakdkj vfHklkjesa papyeuk lqu;uk dkfefu;ksadk
vtu gS] dkuksaesa rekydh xqPNkoyh gS] eLrd ij
fojkftr ';ke&deydh ekyk gS] dqp&dqEHkesa fojfpr
dLrwfjdk fp= cuk gSA je.kh;rj :ils vko`r ;g
vakdkj uhys oluls Hkh euksgjrj vkoj.k :iesa kwrksds
lkFk vfHklkjds mRlkgls ;q jef.k;ksd
a s izR;sd v&izR;dks
dSls vkfyfr dj jgk gS
ckycksfkuhl[kh dg jgh gSjkks! ';ke l?ku
dsfy&dqatesa cSBs gSa] tgk lkjs lalkjdk vakdkj ekuks ogha
346
JhxhrxksfoUne~
fleV x;k gksA fdruh mRd.Bk gS mUgsa] fdruh vkdqyrk

gS vkSj fdruh csolh] vc foyEc er djksA jkf=dkyesa
vfHklkfjdkvksads fy, vakdkj mke uhys oL=ksads fiz;
feyu gsrq gyu&pyu&xeudks dksbZ Hkh rks ugha tku
ikrkA uhy o.kZor~ ;g vakdkj Hkh uhy o.kZ gksusds
dkj.k vfHklkfjdkvksadks vfr fiz; gksrk gSA ;g vakdkj
gh kwrZ uk;dksads lkFk vfHklkjdh rFkk je.kdh bPNk
j[kusokyh ukf;dkvksadk pkjksa vksjls vkfyu djrk gS]
fudqatksaesa kwrksds lkFk je.kdh egk mRd.Bk mn~Hkwr dj
nsrk gSA ;gh vakdkj mu vfHklkfjdkvksadk vtu gSA
dkuksaesa ".ko.kZdk e;wj&fiPN&iqPN d.kkZfHkjke gS vkSj
rekyi=dk dke Hkh ;gh djrk gSA mu ukf;dkvksads
n;ksaesa uhy deyksadk gkj gS vkSj dqpksaij dLrwjhds
jldh fp=&jpuk gSA bl izdkj ;g uhy o.kZdk vakdkj
vkids izR;sd vaxdk vkfyu djrs gq, vkidks
vyadj.k iznku dj vyar dj jgk gSA vr% ladsr
LFkyds mi;q vkHkw"k.kksadks kkj.k dj xk<+ vakdkjesa gh
vki pysa] foyEc u djsaA gj ,d eqjeqVesa vR;Ur prqj
jfldksads vfHklkjds fy, iwjk okrkoj.k vuqdwy gSA ;g
jkr gh uhy olu gS vius fuLlhe foLrkjesa vax&vaxdks
yisVh lh gSA pyks&'kh?kz pyksA dgha foi{k vkfndh vU;
vfHklkjdk ogk vfHklkj u djys mlls iwoZ gh rqEgsa ogk
mifLFkr gks tkuk pkfg,A bl le; uskksaesa dkty_ dkuksaesa
d.kZHkw"k.k] xysesa gkj] dqpksaij dLrwjhi=&Hk jpuk
vkfndh vko';drk ughaA 'kh?kz pyks
dk'ehj&xkSj&oiq"kkefHklkfjdk.kk&
ekc&js[kefHkrks #fpetjhfHk%A
,rkekyny&uhy&rea rfea
rRisze&gse&fud"kksiyrka ruksfr
347
vUo;fdp izseijh{k.k&dkj.keI;srnsosR;kg,rr~
reky&ny&uhyrea (rekynyor~ uhyree~ vfruhye~_
,rsu vUkdkjL; fufoM+rk izfrikfnrk rekyou&fogkj'p)
rfea (frfeja) dk'ehj&xkSj&oiq"kke~ (dk'ehja dqqea_
dk'ehjxkSjor~ xkSja oiq% 'kjhja ;klka rklke~) vfHklkfjdk.kka
(dkUrlsra xPNUrhuka ukjh.kka) #fpetjhfHk% (yko.;fdj.kS%)
vfHkr% (loZr%) vkojs[ka (layXujs[ka lr~) rRizse&gse&
fud"kksiyrka (rklka izse ,o gse dkpua rL; fud"kksiyrka
ijh{kkik"kk.krka df"V ikFkj bfr Hkk"kk) ruksfr (foLrkj;fr_
r}r~ 'kksHkrs) ;Fkk fud"k&ik"kk.ks lqo.kZ'kqf&ftKklk]
rFkk rklka ?kukUkdkjs fu%lkolr;k xeusfi ftKklk bfr
Hkko%
vuqoknfudqtesa loZ= izlfjr reky o`{kds i=
ln`'k uhyre] ;g fufoM+ vUkdkj dqqedh Hkkfr
lqo.kZ&o.kkZ xkSj nsge;h vfHklkfjdk ukf;dkvksads je.kh;
vkyksd:ih etjhds :iesa bl izdkj izrh;eku gks jgk
gS] ekuks Jh".kds izse :i Lo.kZdh fud"k (ik"kk.k) gksA
ckycksfkuhl[kh dg jgh gSags fiz;s! dsljdh
dkafrds leku 'kjhjokyh vfHklkfjdkvksd
a s fy, ef.ketfj;ksl
a s
pkjksa vksj js[kkafdr gks rekyi=ksads leku vR;Ur uhyk
;g vUkdkj isze:ih Lo.kZdh dlkSVh gSA ;g vUkdkj
dlkSVhdk izLrj cu Lo;adks izLrqr dj jgk gSA blh
vUkdkj fud"kij lqUnfj;ksadk bu dsljny ljh[kh
je.kh&ckykvksads iszedk lksuk ij[kk tk;sxkA lksusdk jax
gh dlkSVh ij ij[kk tkrk gSA dlkSVhdk jax lksusij ugha
p<+rkA Jhjkkk rqe vkSj ;g vUkdkj ekuks lqo.kZifdkds
ij uhyh&uhyh dlkSVh gS u fd isze Lo.kZds ij
dlkSVhvc 'kh?kz vfr 'kh?kz vfHklj.k LFkyij pyksA
izLrqr inesa miek vyadkj rFkk olUrfrydk Nan gSA
348
JhxhrxksfoUne~
gkjkoyh&rjy&dkpu&dkfp&nke
ethj&d.k&ef.k&|qfr&nhfirL;A
}kjs fudqt&fuy;L; gj foyksD;
ozhMkorheFk l[khfe;feR;qokp
vUo;vFk b;a (l[kh) gkjkoyh&rjy&dkpu&
dkfpnke&ethj&d.k&ef.k|qfr&nhfirL; (gkjkoY;k%
rjykuka e;xkuka e.khuka) (kqd~kqdh bfr Hkk"kk) rFkk
dkpu&dkfpnkEuks% ethj;ks% dp.k;ks'p e.khuka jkkk&
ifjfgrkukfefr 'ks"k% |qfrfHk% fdj.kS% nhfirL; (izkTs ToyhrL;)
fudqt&fuy;L; (yrkx`gL;) }kjs vR;qRlqda gj foyksD;
czhM+korha (jUrq eq|rkefi yTt;k rRik'oZeHktekuka) l[khe~
(jkkke~) bfr (o{;ek.ka opua) futxkn
vuqokngkjksads e;esa fojkftr kqdkqfd (ef.k) ls
lqo.kZe;h dkph (djkuh) ls dq.Myksa rFkk dad.kksaesa
layXuk ef.k;ksadh dkfUrls fudqtou leqkflr gks x;k]
ogk dsfyx`g }kj ij fo|eku Jhgfjdks ns[kdj Jhjkkk
yTtkorh gks xb] rHkh l[kh Jhjkkkls dgus yxh
ckycksfkuhytk;h&lh Jhjkkk l[khds izksRlkfgr djus
ij tc fudqat x`gesa igqprh gS rks Jhgfjdks ogk fo|eku
ns[kdj vkSj Hkh yfTtr gks tkrh gSA fudqt }kj muds
vkHkw"k.kdh dkfUrls muds eqkgkjdh mTToyrkls] mudh
lksusdh djkuhdh nhfIrls] muds iq[kjkt vkSj dkudh
ef.k;ksadh |qfrls nhfir gks mBrk gSA mlh vkyksdesa mls
izrh{kkjr Jh".k nh[k tkrs gSans[krs gh yktls Hkj
tkrh gSA mfpr gh rks gS dkeorh ;qofr;ksads izFke
leesa yTtk fdlh dkekfr'k;rkdk gh fokku djrh gSA
vc lf[k mUgsa vkxs iSj j[kusds fy, vuqjksk djrh gSA
izLrqr inesa olUrfrydk Nan gSA
349
xhre~
ojkMhjkx:idrkykH;ka xh;rsA
etqrj&dqtry&dsfylnusA
foyl jfrjHklgflronus!
izfo'k jkks! ekkolehifegAkzqoine~A
vUo;jfr&jHkl&gflr&onus (jfrjHklsu lqjrksRlkgsu
gflra lgkL;a onua ;L;k%] vf; rkn`f'k_ ro mPNfyra
eu% vR;qRlqdr;k gkL;fe"ks.k fiz;feyuk; cfguxZrfefrHkko%)
vf; jkks] bg etqrj&dqtry&dsfylnus (etqrje~
vfreuksgja dqtrya dqtkH;Urjeso dsfylnua r=)
ekko&lehia izfo'k rr% foyl (fogj)
vuqokngs jkks! rqEgkjk onu jfrtU; mRlkgls
vfr'k; jlds lkFk mRQqfYyr gks jgk gS] rqe bl euksgj
fudqtds dsfyx`gesa izos'k djks vkSj ekkods lehi
tkdj muds lkFk foykl djksA
i|kuqokn
py jkkk! fiz; f<x miouesa
eatq dqatry vfr euHkkouA
fogl foyl jfr dsfy&lnuesa
py jkkk! fi;&f<x miouesa
ckycksfkuhl[kh Jhjkkkls dgrh gSjfrhM+kds mRlkgls
izlUueq[kokyh gs jkfkds! vc rks izseds vkosxesa rqe
eqLdjkdj g"kr gks jgh gks] bl euksgj >qjeqVds chpesa
gh dsfyx`g cuk gqvk gS] mlh hM+kx`gesa tkb, vkSj
ekkods lehi tkdj muds lkFk je.k dhft,A
uo&Hkon'kksd&ny&'k;u&lkjs
foyl dqpdy'krjy gkjs!
izfo'k----
350
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vUo;ufg es eu% mPNfyre~ vL; ro ukxjL;

oSdY;ekdy"; e}onua glrhfr psr~ r=kgdqp&dyl&
rjy&gkjs (dqpdyl;ks% LrudqEHk;ks% rjy% dEio'kkr~
ppy% gkj% ;L;k%] vf; rkn`f'k) jkks dqpdyldEisu
vUro`ZfkO;Zk vrks okE;a u ;qfefrHkko% uo&Hkon'kksd&
ny&'k;ulkjs uoHkof% r#.kS% v'kksdnyS jfpra 'k;ulkja
'k;uJs"Ba ;= rkn`'ks) bg dsfylnus ekko&lehia izfo'k
rr'p foyl (fogj)
i|kuqokn
uoy v'kksd&nyksadh e`nqrj]
'kS;k >yd jgh gS eugjA
vuqoknfiz; lekxe lwpd dEiue; dqpdy'kksaesa
fojkftr ppy gkjokyh jkks! uwrukso v'kksd&i=ksaesa
fojfpr 'k;kij rqe izos'k djks vkSj ekkods lehi
tkdj muds lkFk foykl djksA
ckycksfkuhl[kh dgrh gSdy'k ljh[ks Lruksaij
ppy eqkgkj kkj.k djusokyh jkks! rqEgkjk ;g
ppy gkj ladsr dj jgk gS fd rqe Hkh jfrpiy gksA
rqEgkjs fy, ;g fdly; 'k;k uohu v'kksd ikksals jpkbZ
xbZ gSA tkvks] bl lqlfTtr 'k;k ij foylksA
dqlqep;&jfpr&'kqfp&oklxsgsA
foyl
dqlqe&lqdqekj&nsgs
izfo'k----
vUo;vf; dqle
q &lqde
q kj&nsgs (dqle
q sH;ksfi lqde
q kj%
dksey% nsg% ;L;k% rkn`f'k) jkks dqle
q p;&jfpr&'kqfpokl&xsgs
(dqlqep;su iq"ilewgsu jfpra 'kqps% k`kjL; oklxsga ;=
rfLeu~_ fudqtL;kH;Urjs iq"ix`gjpukfo'ks"k bfr u ikSu#DR;e~)
bg (dsfylnus) ekkolehia izfo'k rr'p foyl (fogj)A
fudqtx`g}kjxr% fiz;LRoka izrh{krs_ vrks okE;a u
;qfefrHkko%
351
vuqokndqlqels Hkh euksgj lqdqekj nsg Jhjkks!

dqlqe&lewgls lqlfTtr ifo= dsfy&okl&Hkouesa rqe izos'k
djks vkSj ekkods lehi tkdj muds lkFk foykl djksA
i|kuqokn
rjy gkj /kj foyl mjt ij
fofok lqeuls lts Hkouesa
py jkkk! fi;&f<x miouesaA
ckycksfkuhl[kh dgrh gSrqEgkjk 'kjhj Qwyksals Hkh
vfr lqdqekj gS vkSj ;g iwjkdk iwjk dsfye.Mi p;u
fd;s x;s Qwyksals jpk x;k gS vkSj mu Qwyksadh pedls
mhIr gks jgk gS] vr,o bl ifo= 'k;ux`gesa tkvks vkSj
Jh".kds lkFk vkeksn djksA pyks] fuHkZ; izos'k djks] ;g
rqEgkjk gh ?kj gSA
e`nqpy&ey;&iou&lqjfHk&'khrsA
foyl enu&'kj&fudj&Hkhrs
izfo'k----
foyl jlyfoyflrxhrs;g ikB Hkh feyrk gSA
vUo;vFk mhiuk; vfr'k;s u ds f ylnues o
o.kZ;frjfr&ofyr&yfyr&xhrs (jrkS ofyra jfr;ksX;a
yfyra euks g ja xhra ;L;ke~ vf; rkn` f 'k) jkks
py&ey;ou&iou&lqjfHk&'khrs (pysu ey;ou&iousu lqjfHk
p rr~ 'khra 'khryp ;r~ rfLeu~) bg (dsfylnus)
ekkolehia izfo'k rr'p foyl (fogj)
vuqoknenuds ck.k&lewgls Hk;Hkhr jkks! rqe jfrjl
lEcU/kh; lqyfyr xhr xk jgh gks] rqe dksey rFkk
ppy ey;&iouls izokfgr lqjfHkr rFkk lq'khry
yrk&dsfy&x`gesa izos'k djks vkSj ekkods lehi tkdj
muds lkFk foykl djksA
352
JhxhrxksfoUne~
i|kuqokn
ey; ok;q ;g êg eg* cgrh]
gqyl enu&'kj Hkhrs! dgrh]
ckycksfkuhl[kh dgrh gSjkks! rqe enuds ck.klewgls
Hk;Hkhr gks xbZ gksA vr% rqe bl k`kjx`gesa izo's k djksA
blesa ey; ioZrdh nf[kub;k c;kj f>j&f>j cg jgh gSA
iq"iksads e;Hkkxls vkusds dkj.k e`ny
q Li'kZokyh ;g ok;q
yrkdqtdks vkSj Hkh lqjfHkr ,oa 'khry cuk jgh gSA
tkvks bl ize
s efUnjesa tkdj Jh".kds lkFk fogkj djks]
;g rks rqEgkjs Hkhrjds jldks izk.kksads }kjk xhrksaeas eq[kfjr
djusdk {k.k vk;k gS] xkvks] ize
s ds mUekfnr xhr xkvksA
forr&cgq&ofYy&uo&iYyo&?kus
foyl
fpjeyl&ihut?kus!
izfo'k----
vUo;vf; vyl&ihu&t?kus (vylp ihup
t?kua ;L;k% rkn`f'k) jkks forr&cgq&ofYy&uo&iYyo&?kus
(forrkuka foLr`rkuka cgqoYyhuka uoS% iYyoS% ?kus fufoM+s)
bg (dsfylnus) ekkolehia izfo'k rr'p fpja foyl
bZn`Xt?kua lQya dq# bR;FkZ%
vuqoknihu t?ku xq# Hkkjls lqeUn vyl xfrdk
lEiknu djusokyh Jhjkks! lqfoLr`r yrkvksads uohu
iYyoksads }kjk fufoM+rj :ils vkPNkfnr bl yrk&dsfy
fuHk`r fudaqtesa izos'k djks vkSj ekkods lehi tkdj
muds lkFk foykl djksA
i|kuqokn
cgqoYyh iYyo uo Nkfnr]
foyl vjh fpj dqat je.kesaA
py jkkk! fi;&fBx miouesa
353
ckycksfkuhl[kh dgrh gSjkks! rqEgkjh tk?ksa

vkyL;;q ,oa LFkwy gSa vkSj ;g fudqat Hkh vfr foLr`r
fofok yrkvksals ,oa iYyoksals jfpr gS] bu yrkvksals
vkSj Hkh u;s&u;s iYyo izLQqfVr gq, gSa ftuls ;g
yrkfudqt vkSj Hkh vfkd ?kuk gks x;k gSA vr% bl
dksey&i=&dqatesa vius fiz;re Jh".kds lkFk fpjdky
i;ZUr foykl djrh jgksA
ekq&eqfnr&ekqidqy&dfyr&jkosA
foyl
enu&jl&ljl&Hkkos
izfo'k----
vUo;vf; enu&jl&ljl&Hkkos (enujlsu k`kjjlsu
ljlHkko% lkjL;a ;L;k% vf; rkn`f'k) bZn`xfokk;kLrs
rfkdVizo's k ,o ;ksX;% jkks ekqefq nr&ekqi&dqy&dfyr&jkoss
(ekquk edjUnsu eqfnra eka ekqidqya HkzejoÙna rsu
dfyr% fofgr% jko% xqtua ;= rfLeu~) bg (dsfylnus)
ekkolehia izfo'k rr'p foyl
vuqoknenu&jlls ljl vuqjkxe;h jkks! ekqikuesa
izek Hkzejksads dyuknls fuukfnr fudqt&x`gesa izos'k djks
vkSj ekkods lehi tkdj muds lkFk foykl djksA
i|kuqokn
xhr Hkzej en&ekrs xkrs]
^ljl Hkko* tu&n; txkrs
ckycksfkuhl[kh dgrh gSgs jkks! dkensods m}sxls
mRiUu k`kj&jlesa rqe Hkkoe;h gks x;h gksA olUresa
ije vkuUn ikusokys] iq"ijlds vkLoknuls vkuUniwoZd
xqatkj djusokys ekqek HkkSajksds >q.Mokys yrkHkouesa
izos'k dj izsejldk vkLoknu djksA ;g ,d cgqr cM+s
vkuUndh Hkwfedk gS] iz.k;&feyudk eaxy eq[kj.k gSpyks]
blesa izos'k djksA
354
JhxhrxksfoUne~
ekqjrj&fid&fudj&fuun&eq[kjs A
foyl n'ku&#fp&#fpj&f'k[kjs
izfo'k----
vUo;vf; n'ku&#fp #fpj&f'k[kjs (n'kuk nUrk
,o #P;k dkUR;k #fpjkf.k euksKkfu f'k[kjkf.k ekf.kD;fo'ks"kk%
;L;k% vf; rkn`f'k_ iDonkfM+eohtkHka ekf.kD;a f'k[kja
fonq% bfr gkjkoyh_ bZn`Xn'kuk;kLrr~f;kfo'ks"kR;eso ;ksX;fefr
Hkko%) jkks ekqjrj&fid&fudj&fuun&eq[kjs (ekqjrjS%
fujfr'k;&Jqfr&lq[kdjS% fidfudjk.kka dksfdyoÙnkuka fuunS%
dwtuS% eq[kjs 'kfCnrs) bg (dsfylnus) ekkolehia izfo'k
rr'p foyl (fogj)
vuqoknlqiDo nkfM+e (vukj) ds cht ,oa f'k[kj
uked eqkvksads leku n'ku iafe;h jkks! dksfdyfudjds
ekqjrj dwtu&dykils eq[kfjr yrk&okl&x`gesa rqe izos'k
djks vkSj ekkods lehi tkdj muds lkFk foykl djksA
i|kuqokn
^foylks* Hkj vkuUn Lojksaesa
dwd jgh dksfdy ekqouesaA
py jkkk! fi; f<x miouesa
ckycksfkuhl[kh dgrh gSgs n'kudh nhfIrls
'kksHkk;eku f'k[kj&ef.ke;h jkks! dksfdykvksadh vR;Ur
ekqj dkdyhls xqtk;eku bl yrk&fudqatesa izos'kdj
Jh".kds lkFk fogkj djksA yrkvksals l?ku bl dsfyx`gesa
Jhgfjds lkFk euHkj foylks] nsj&nsj rd foylksA
fofgr&ikorh&lq[k&lektsA
dq#
eqjkjs! ey'krkfuA
Hk.kfr t;nso&dfojkt&jkts
izfo'k----
355
vUo;gs eqjkjs fofgr&ikorh&lq[k&lekts (RoYyhyk&

o.kZusu fofgr% r% ikoR;k Jhjkkk;k% LoiRU;k ok
lq[klekt% lq[klUrfr% ;su rfLeu~ ikorh&lq[klEiknds
bR;FkZ%) Hk.kfr (rla dhkZ;fr) t;nso&dfojktjkts
(futs"Vnsoksikluk;k fuR;Ro&loksZkeRofu'p;kos'ksu vkRekua
cgqeU;ekuL; dfojkt&jkt bfr izkS<+ksffj;a) ey'krkfu
(izHkwrkfu eykfu) dq# (foksfg)
vuqokndfodqykfkjkt dfo t;nsods }kjk Jhjkkkds
fofok vkuUn&izlknuds fy, bl Lrqfrijd xhfrdh jpuk
dh x;h gSA gs ".k! vki bldk Jo.k dj izlUu gksosa
vkSj bl txrdk vuUrkUr ey&fokku djsaA
ckycksfkuhdfo t;nso bl v"Vinhdks Jhgfj pj.kksaeas
leir djrs gq, dgrs gSags eqjkjs! t;nso dfojktds
bl xhrdks Jo.kdj vki lcdk gtkjksa izdkjls ey
fokku djsaA
y{ehthdk ,d uke ikorh gS] t;nsodh iRuhdk
uke Hkh ikorh gSA ikorhds vkjkkd gSa t;nso tks
dfojktksaesa loZJs"B gSaA vr% dfojktoj Jhgfjls izkFkZuk
djrs gSags eqjkjs! eSaus izklknds vUrjessa ikorhdh
izfr"Bk dh gS] vkidh izlUurkds fy, ;g dfork dh
gS] vki izlUu gksosa vkSj gekjk 'kr'k% ey djsaA
vFkok Jht;nso Lo;a Jhjkkkls vuqjksk dj jgs
gSatks y{ehdh lkjh lEink] lkjk lq[k ysdj vkt
mifLFkr gSa] vki mu eqjkfjds fy, lkS&lkS izdkjds ey
fokku djsaA mudk ey rqEgkjs lkFk je.k gh gSA
Roka fpksu fpja ogUu;efrJkUrks Hk`'ka rkfir%

dUnis.Z k p ikrqfePNfr lqkk&lEckk&foEckkje~A
vL;ka rny~dq# {k.kfeg Hkzw{ksi&y{ehyo&
hrs nkl boksilsfor&inkEHkkssts dqr% lEHkze%
356
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vUo;vFk l[kh rL;k% izlkneky{; dkSrqdsu

luEekZglf[k fpksu (eulk) Roka fpja cgu~ (kkj;u~)
ro ihuLru&Jks.kh&xq#Hkkjs.k vfrJkUr%] dUnisZ.k Hk`'ka
(vR;Fk) rkfir'p_ vr,o Jes.k rkius p fiikflr%
v;a (Jh".k%) ro lqkklEokke~ (lqk;k ve`rsu lEokka
lVa O;kIrfefr ;kor~) foEckkja ikrqe~ bPNfr_ rr~
(rLekr~) vL; va (ksM+) {k.ke~ vyq# ('kksHk;)
vUrfLFkrk;k% cfg%fLFkrL; ikukuqiiksfjfr Hkko%A uuq
vfofnr fpkL; vizos'ks eUeu% lqfpr bfrpsr~ r=kg
Hkzw{ksi&y{eh&yo&hrs (Hkzqoks% {ksi% pkyua l ,o y{eh%
f% rL;k yosu ys'ksu hrs) vr,o milsfor&inkEHkksts
(milsfora inkEHkksta iknia ;su rkn`'ks) nkls bo vfLeu~
Jh".ks lEHkze% (lksp%) dqr% vYiewY;hrs nkls bo
;hrs 'kk u ;qk] hrL;So lsoksi;ksxkfnfrHkko%
vuqokngs lqUnfj! rqEgkjs lkeus vofLFkr vurkils
lUrIr Jh".k nh?kZdkyls rqedks eu&gh&eu kkj.k fd;s
gq, vfr'k; DykUr gks x;s gSa] os rqEgkjs fcEcle
vkjdh ekqj lqkkdk iku djusds fy, yksyqi gks jgs gSa]
rqe vfHkyk"kh fiz;ds vdks vyar djksA os rqEgkjs
dVk{k:i foiqy oSHkods d.kek=ds {k.k&Hkj iku djusds
fy, fpjrK gks jgs gSa] ml dVk{k&fo{ksi:ih ewY;ds
}kjk hrnkldh Hkkfr rqEgkjs inkjfoUnds lsod gks x;s gSa]
fQj lEHkze D;ksa\ dSlh ?kcjkgV\
ckycksfkuhl[kh Jhjkkkls dgrh gSgs jkks! vkidks
fpjdky rd n;esa kkj.k djusds dkj.k Jhgfj JkUr&DykUr
gks x;s gSa] vUnj&gh&vUnj vfHkrIr gks x;s gSa] dkensous
bUgsa vR;Ur lUrIr dj fn;k gS] vkids lqkkjlls ifjiw.kZ
dqUn# Qyds ln`'k v#.k vkjksadh ekqjkbZdk iku djuk
pkgrs gSaA blfy, gs fiz;s! vius bu vfHkyk"kh fiz;ds
357
vaxksadh 'kksHkk cfu;s! ,d {k.kds fy, gh dVk{k fo{ksi

dj rqeus bUgsa viuk hrnkl cuk fy;k gSA rqEgkjs
pj.kksadh lsok djusokys Jh".kds vaddks leyar djks]
fcuk ladkspds muds o{k%LFkydks vyar djksA blesa
dSlh yTtk] dSlk Hkko vkSj dSlh fgpd\
izLrqr 'yksdesa 'kknwZyfohfMr NUn rFkk :id ,oa
mRisz{kk vyadkj gSA
lk llkol&lkuUna xksfoUns yksyykspukA

fltku&etq&ethja izfros'k fuos'kue~
bfr ,do'k% lUnHkZ%A
vUo;xksfoUns (JhgjkS) yksy&ykspuk (yksys lr`".ks
ykspus ;L;k% lk) lk (jkkk) f'ktkuetqethja (f'ktku%
'kCnk;eku% etqethj% euksKuwiqj% ;= r|Fkk rFkk)
llkol&lkuUna (llkola llEHkzea lkuUnp ;Fkk rFkk_
izFke&lekxeor~ llkola fouR;uUrj&izkIR;k lkuUnfefr
Ks;e~) fuos'kua (dqtx`ga) izfoos'k
vuqoknJhjkkk Li`gk;q n;ls vius ppy us=ksals
JhxksfoUndk voyksdu djrh gqbZ yTtk vkSj g"kZls
ef.ke; uwiqjksals euksgj 'kCn djrh gqbZ fudqat x`gesa izos'k
djus yxhaA
i|kuqokn
gqyl mBh jkkk ekqouesa
viuk gh izfrfcEc ns[kdj vius thou&kuesaA
fpj vfHkyk"k foykl Hkjs gfj] Mwcs g"kZ enuesa]
flgj mBh jkkk vfr euesa]
gqyl mBh jkkk ekqouesaA
ckycksfkuhl[khds }kjk le>k&cq>kus ij Jhjkkkus
jfrhM+kds fy, mi;ksxh yrk&fudqatesa Hkhrj&Hkhrj dqN
358
JhxhrxksfoUne~
dkirh gqbZ] dqN mexrh gqbZ] bkj&mkj ns[kdj lkfHkyk"k

JhxksfoUndks fugkjrh gqbZ] pj.k&uwiqjksadks >adkjrh gqbZ
izos'k fd;kA izfo"V gksrs gq, tc mUgksaus Jh".kdks ns[kk
rks mUgsa ,slk yxk fd os ekuks vax&vaxesa Jhjkkkdks gh
kkj.k dj jgs gSaA
xhre~
ojkM+hjkx;frrkykH;ka xh;rsA
ckycksfkuh,d lqds'kh gkFkksaesa dad.k kkj.k dj]
dkuksaesa <sjls iq"i kkj.kdj ytkbZ gqbZ&lh gkFkesa pkej
ysdj ohtu djrh gqbZ tc nf;rds lkFk fouksnu djrh
gS] ,sls le;esa ml ojkukds xhrdks ojkM+h jkx dgk
x;k gSA
jkkk&onu&foyksdu&fodflr&fofok&fodkj&foHke~A
tyfufkfeo fokq&e.My&n'kZu&rjfyr&rq&rje~
gfjesdjla fpjefHkyf"kr&foykle~A
lk nn'kZ xq#g"kZ&o'kaon onueu&fuokle~kzqoine~
vUo;,oa dqt izos'keqDRok Jh".kL; r'kZukuUn&
fodkjku~ o.kZ;u~ rL;k Lr'kZuekglk (Jhjkkk) ,djla
(,dfLekso vkyEcus Jhjkkk:is jlks ;L; ra_ rL;k%
loksZkeRo&fu'p;su rnsdijfeR;FkZ%) uuq vU;kukfHk%
jeek.kL; dqrLrRijRofeR;r vkgfpja (cgqdkya)
vfHkyf"kr&foykla (iwoksZ:is.k vfHkyf"kr% vkdkf~{kr%
r;k lg foyklks ;su re~) vrLrRizlknkoyksdukr~
xq#g"kZo'kaon&onua (xq#g"kZL; o'kaone~ vk;ka onua eq[ka
;= rkn`'ka g"ksZ.k LesjkuufeR;FkZ%) vr,o vufodk'ka
(vuL; dkeL; fodk'k% ;= rkn`'ka) rnsdfu"BRoa
359
n`"VkLrsu Li"V;frjkkkonufoyksdu&fodflr&fofok&
fodkj&foHka (jkkkonufoyksdusuSo fodflrk% izdfVrk%
fofokfodkjk% dketk% g"kZLrEHkkn;% rs ,o foHkk%
EeZ;% ;= rkn`'ka) fokqe.MyL; pUe.MyL; n'kZusu
rjfyrk% ppyhrk% rqk% egkUr% rjk% ;= rkn`'ka)
tyfuk (leqe~) bo gj nn'kZ_ v= Jh".kleq;ks%
fodkjksEE;ksZ'p lkE;e~
vuqokn,djl vFkkZr~ jkkkfo"k;d vuqjkxls ;q
rFkk fpjdkyls Jhjkkkds lkFk foykldh vfHkyk"kk j[kus
okys Jhjkkk&onu voyksdu tU; g"kZls izQqfYyr] Jh".k
jksekp vkfn fofok lkfod enu&fodkj:i Hkkoksals
;q gks jgs gSaA ftl izdkj 'k'kkj&e.Myds n'kZuls
leqesa mkky&rj leqnk; rjaxkf;r gks mBrk gS] mlh
izdkj dke&jlds leq&Lo:i] HkkoHkfek }kjk enu&vklf
izdkf'kr djusokys Jh".kdks Jhjkkkus fudqt x`gesa
ns[kkA
i|kuqokn
jkkk&onu foyksduls gSa fodflr fofok fodkj
tSls fokqdks tksg tyfk ygjksa Hkj ykrk TokjA
ckycksfkuhfudqt x`gesa Jhjkkkus Jh".kdks vR;fkd
Lusgds lkFk ns[kk] ns[kk Jh".kdh vusd fo'ks"krkvksadks]
lkjh fo'ks"krk, Jhjkkkls gh lEcfUkrA Jhgfj leHkkoiw.kZ
gSa] ,djl gSa] ,d gh k`kj jl viuh izkkurk cuk;s
gq, gS] os vusd izdkjds k`kj jlds Hkkoksals ifjiw.kZ gSaA
jkkkfo"k;d vuqjkx gh muesa mNy jgk gS] fpjdkyls
Jhjkkkds lkFk foykl djusdh bPNk latks;s gq, gSa]
dsfydqatesa Jhjkkkdk vkuk gh muds thoudk loZLo gS]
muds n'kZuls muesa vkuUndk msd gks x;k] vusd
izdkjds dEi&iqydkfn lkfod fodkj mfnr gks mBsA
360
JhxhrxksfoUne~
,slk yx jgk Fkk tSls Jhjkkkdk eq[ke.My dkensodk

fuokl LFkku gS] ftls ns[kdj Jh".kdk eq[ke.My g"kZls
nhIr gks mBk gS vkSj viuh feyu&bPNkdks iw.kZ djuk
pkgrk gS] ekuks Jhjkkkdk eq[k pUe.My gks] ftls
ns[kdj ".k:ih leq ppy gks mBk gks vkSj mlesa
ph&ph rjaxsa mPNfyr gks jgh gksaA Jhjkkkus ns[kk
Jh".k mUgsa ns[krs gh fofok dke&Hkkouk, izdkf'kr
djus yxs gSa
gkjeeyrj&rkjeqjfl
nkra ifjyEC; fonwje~A
LQqVrj Qsu&dnEc&djfEcrfeo ;equkty&iwje~
gfj----
vUo;vr%ija lIrea ;kor~ Jhgfjeso fof'kuf"V
mjfl (o{kfl) fonwja ifjyEC; (lqnh?kZfeR;FkZ%) veyrjrkja
(veyrj% vR;qTToy%) rkj% eqkQya ;L; rkn`'ke~_
eqk'kqkSp rkj% L;kr~ bfr fo'o%) gkja nkra (kkj;Ura)
vr,o
LQqVrjQsu&dnEc&djfEcr&;equk&tyiwje~
(LQqVrjs.k Qsu&dnEcsu&Qsu&p;su djfEcra [kfpra ;equk&
tyL; iwja izokgfeo fLFkra) gj lk nn'kZ bfr 'ks"k%A
v= ;equk&ty&iwj.s k Jhgjs% Qsulewgus p gkjL; lkE;e~
vuqoknJhgfjus fut foey mj&LFky ij fueZy
eqkvksals jfpr euksgj gkjdk ifjkku dj j[kk gS] tks
muds n;dk ckj&ckj vkfyu dj jgk gSA ,slk izrhr
gks jgk gS ekuks ;equk unhdk ty LQqV :iesa fojkteku
Qsu&lewgdks kkj.k dj jgk gSA
i|kuqokn
mj ij ygjkrk gS gfjds vey rkjdk gkj]
ekuks Qsu&dnEc&djfEcr tequk&tydh kkjA
foyl mBh jkkk vfr euesa
361
ckycksfkuhizLrqr inesa Jh".kdh miek ;equkds

vkiwfjr ty izokgls dh x;h gS] muds uhyo.kZ o{kLFkydks
ckj&ckj vkfyu djusokyk 'kqHkz tkuqi;ZUr yVdrk
gqvk 'kqHk eqkgkj ,slk izrhr gks jgk Fkk] ekuks ;equkdk
uhyk ty lQsn Qsuls fefJr gksdj izdkf'kr gks jgk gks
vFkok ;equkds tyesa Qsu fey x;k gksA
izLrqr in Jhjkkk&n'kZuls Jh".kesa mwr Losn
uked lkfod Hkkods izdk'kudks Hkh lwfpr dj jgk gSA
';key&e`nqy&dysoj&e.Myefkxr&xkSjnqdwye~
A
uhy&ufyufeo ihr&ijkx&iVy&Hkj&oyf;r&ewye~
gfj----
vUo;vfkxr&xkSjnqdwya (vfkxra izkIra ifjfgrfefr
;kor~ xkSja ihra nqdwya ikEcja ;su ra) rFkk ';key
e`nqy&dysoj&e.Mya (';keya e`nqyp dkseyp dysoj&
e.Mya ;L; ra _ ;Fkks f prko;o&lfkos ' k&iz f riknukFk
e.MyRosuksf%) vr% ihrijkxiVyHkjoyf;rewya (ihrsu
ijkxk.kka e;LFkjtlka iVy&Hkjs.k lewgkfr'k;su oyf;ra
osf"Vra ewya ;L; ra) uhyufyue~ (uhyksRiye~) bo gj
nn'kZA uhydeysu Jhgjs% ijkxs.k p ihroluL; lkE;e~
vuqoknJhgfjus vius ';key e`nqy dysoj ij
ihr olu kkj.k fd;k gS] ,slk izrhr gks jgk gS ekuks
uhyi lqo.kZ&i.kZds ijkx&fuy;ls lkksik ljkcksj gks
x;k gksA
i|kuqokn
';key dksey oiq ij lfTtr lqUnj xkSj nqdwy]
ihr ijkx iVy gS jkftr T;ksa ufyuhds QwyA
ckycksfkuhJhgfjdk Jhfoxzg ';keo.kZ gS] ftl ij
mUgksaus ihr o.kZdk ihrkEcj kkj.k dj j[kk gS] og bl
362
JhxhrxksfoUne~
izdkj lq'kksfHkr gks jgk gS] tSls uhydey vius ihys

ijkxls ifjiw.kZ :ils ifjosf"VreafMr gks jgk gksA bl
ckrdh Hkh lwpuk nh tk jgh gS fd ';ke&o.kZds
o{k%LFky ij rqe xkSjkhdh 'kksHkk Hkh vR;fkd gksxhA
bl izdkj foijhr&jfr Hkh izn'kr gqbZ gSA
rjy&n`xpy&pyu&euksgj&onu&tfur&jfrjkxe~ A
LQqV&deyksnj&[ksfyr&[ktu&;qxfeo 'kjfn rMkxe~
gfj----
vUo;rjy&n`xpy&pyu&euksgj&onu&tfur&jfrjkxe~
(rjyL; ppyL; n`xpyL; pyusu dVk{k{ksis.k euksgja
;r~ onua rsu tfur% mRikfnr% jfrjkx% lqjrkSRlqD;a ;su
ra) vr,o 'kjfn ('kjRdkys) LQqVdeyksnj&[ksfyr&
[ktu;qxe~ (LQqVa fodflra ;r~ deya ia rL; mnjs
vH;Urjs [ksfyra hM+kija [ktu;qxa ;= rkn`'ka) rM+kxe~
bo gj lk nn'kZ bfr 'ks"k%A v= Jhgjs% rM+kxsu
onuL; deysu] u;u;ks'p [ktu;qxysu lkE;e~
vuqoknftu Jh".kdk euksgj onu 'kjn~ dkyds
fueZy ljksojesa fodflr uhy&deydh 'kksHkkds leku gS]
ml eq[k ij papy u;uksadh vik&Hkfek Jhjkkkds
izfr bl izdkj enu&vuqjkx mhIr djk jgh gS] ekuks
dey ij [ktu i{kh hM+kijk;.k gks jgs gksaA
i|kuqokn
rjy n`xapy pyu euksgj onu mfnr jfr&jkx]
[ksy jgs [katu datksnj ekuks 'kjn rM+kxA
ckycksfkuhtc Jhjkkkus fudqat&lnuesa izos'k fd;k]
rc Jh".kds us= vfr papy gks mBs] muds eUn&eUn
363
eqLdkuls ;q vfr euksgj eq[kM+sdks ns[kdj Jhjkkkds

euesa jfrfoykl djusdh bPNk mRiUu gks mBhA Jh".kdk
lfLer eq[k ml 'kjn~dkyhu izQqfYyr deyds leku
yx jgk Fkk] ftl ij nks [ktu i{kh hM+k dj jgs gksaA
oLrqr% muds us=ksadh papyrk hM+kijk;.k [katjhV [kxksads
([ktu i{khds) leku yx jgh FkhA Jhjkkkdks ns[kdj
Jh".k vfodkjh gh jgsA vr,o ;gk mudh miek
'kjndkyhu rM+kxls nh x;h gSA
izLrqr 'yksdesa us=ksadh papyrk jfrjkxdks O; dj
jgh gS] muds Hkz&w {ksi (dVk{k) Jhjkkkds eUeFkdks vfHko`fr
djusokys gSaA 'kjn~dkyesa [katu [kxdk o.kZu mfpr gh
gSA ^deyksnj* inls îklu* uked jfrfo'ks"k Hkh lwfpr
gqvk gSA mudk euksgj eq[k ;qofr;ksaesa jfrdh vfHkyk"kk
mRiUu djusokyk gSA
onu&dey&ifj'khyu&fefyr&fefgj&le&dq.My&'kksHke~A
fLer&#fp&dqleq &leqYyflrkkj&iYyo&r&jfr&yksHke~
gfj----
vUo;onu&dey&ifj'khyu&fefyr&fefgj&le&dq.My&
'kksHke~ (onueso deya rL; ifj'khyuk; fodk'kk;
fefyrkH;ka lekxrkH;ka fefgjlekH;ka lw;Zln`'kkH;ka dq.MykH;ka
'kksHkk ;= rkn`'ka_ lw;Ze.My};feo dq.My;qxya kkj;Ur&
feR;FkZ%) rFkkp fLer&#fp&dqlqe&leqYyflrkkj&iYyo&
r&jfr&yksHke~ (fLer#fp% e`nqgkL;izHkk l ,o dqlqea
rsu leqYyflr% ;% vkj&iYyo% rsu r% mRikfnr%
rL;k% jfryksHkks ;su rkn`'ke~) gj lk nn'kZ
vuqoknJh".kds onu&deydh 'kksHkkdk ifj'khyu
djusds fy, v#.k o.kZds ln`'k yksfgr o.khZ; ef.ke;
dq.My}; vfr lqUnj :ils 'kksHkk ik jgs gSa ,oa #fpj
364
JhxhrxksfoUne~
eUn&eUn gkL;izHkkdh dkfUrls ;q gksdj mYyflr]

LQwk;q vkj&iYyo Jhjkkkdh jfr&ykylkdks leqn~Hkwr
djk jgs gSaA
i|kuqokn
onu dey ij jfols jkftr ;qx dq.My vfr lqUnjA
fgy iYyols gksaB trkrs pqEcu fgr T;ksa vkrqj
ckycksfkuhml le; fudqatesa Jh".kds dkuksaesa
foHkwf"kr nksuksa dq.My ,sls yx jgs Fks ekuks nks lw;Z muds
izQqfYyr eq[kdeydk Li'kZ izkIr djusds fy, diksyksa
ij fefyr gks jgs gksaA bl izlaxls vFkkZr~ fefgj&izdk'kls
jfrdkydk vUr Hkh lwfpr gks jgk gSA ml ij Hkh
Jh".k eUn&eUn eqLdjk jgs gSaA fLer dkfUrls mudk
onudey vkSj Hkh #fpj ,oa leqTTofyr yx jgk gSA
muds vkjiYyo jfr&yksHkdh r`".kk vfHkO; dj jgs
gSa vkSj Jhjkkkds vkj ikuds fy, mRdf.Br gks jgs gSaA
Jh".kds ,sls eq[kdeydks ns[kdj Jhjkkkds euesa Hkh
jfr&bPNk len~Hkwr gks x;hA Jhjkkk ,sls lkSUn;Z&lkj
Hkw"k.k Jh".kdks ns[krh jghaA
'kf'k&fdj.k&PNqfjrksnj&tykj&lqUnj&ldqleq &ds'ke~A
frfejksfnr&fokqe.My&fueZyey;t&frydfuos'ke~
gfj----
vUo;'kf'k&fdj.k&PNqfjrksnj&tykjlqUnj&ldqle
q ds'ka
('kf'ku% pUL; fdj.kS% Nqfjra O;kIre~ mnja ;L; rkn`'k%
;% tykj% r}r~&lqUnjk% ldqlqek% dqlqe[kfprk% ds'kk%
;L; re~) v= ds'kkuka tykjs.k iq"ik.kkp bUnwfdj.ksu
lkE;e~ rFkk p frfejksfnr&fokqe.My&fuEeZy&ey;t&
frydfuos'ka (frfejs vUkdkjs mfnra fokqe.Myfeo fuEeZy%
ey;tfryd&fuos'k% pUnu&fryd&foU;kl% ;L; re~)
365
gj lk nn'kZ v= yykVL; frfejs.k] frydL; p

bUnqe.Mysu lkE;e~
vuqokndqlqeksals vyar Jh".kdk ds'k&ik'k
pUfdj.kksals vuqjftr gksdj uotykj ekykds leku
izrhr gks jgk gS] yykV ij kkj.k fd;k pUnufryd bl
izdkj 'kksHkk izkIr dj jgk gS] ekuks fueZy vkdk'kesa
vUkdkjds e; iw.kZ fokqe.My mfnr gqvk gksA
i|kuqokn
?kuesa banq fdj.k le lfTtr lqUnj dqlqfer ds'k]
frfejksfnr fokq e.My ekuks ey;t&fryd&fuos'kA
ckycksfkuhJh".kdh lqUnj vydkoyh iq"iksals
leyar gks jgh FkhA mu izQqfYyr leqTTofyr iq"iksadh
'kksHkk ,slh yx jgh Fkh ekuks dkyh&dkyh ?kVkvksads
e;esa pUek fNi jgk gksA vFkok mu dkys ds'kksads
e;esa pUfdj.k O;kIr gks jgh gS vFkok cknyksads
chpesals pUek mfnr gks jgk gksA NksVs&NksVs cknyksads
chpesa tgk pknuh vkyksfdr gksrh gS ogk Qwyksads xqEQu
Li"V fn[kk;h nsrs gSaA tgk ugha gksrh] os dtjkjs cus jgrs
gSaA Jh".ds ';keo.kZds eLrd ij ey;fxfjdk pUnudk
fryd ,slh 'kksHkk ns jgk Fkk ekuks vakdkjds chp iw.kZ
pUe.My mfnr gqvk gksA Jhjkkk feyuls Jh".kdk
ifjkku ,oa k`kj xkSjo.kZ gks x;k gS] Jhjkkke; gks x;k
gSA ,sls xkSje; Jh';kelqUnjdks Jhjkkk ns[krh jghaA
foiqy&iqyd&Hkj&nUrqfjra jfr&dsfy&dykfHkjkhje~ A
ef.kx.k&fdj.k&lewg&leqTToy&Hkw"k.k&lqHkx&'kjhje~
gfj----
366
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vUo;foiqy&iqyd&Hkj&nUrqfjra (foiqyks egku~ ;%

iqydHkj% jksekpkfr'k;% rsu nUrqfjra fo"kehra Ddfpnqkra
DdfpPpkurfefr ;kor~) vr,o r'kZukr~ fn mn~xrS%
jfrdsfydykfHk% (lqjrhM+kfoyklS%) vkhja (O;kdqya) rFkkp
ef.kx.k&fdj.k&lewg&leqTToy&Hkw"k.k&lqHkx&'kjhje~ (ef.kx.kkuka
jRulewgkuka ifjfgrkukfeR;FkZ% fdj.klewgS% leqTToykfu Hkw"k.kkfu
vykjk% rS% lqHkxa lqUnja 'kjhja ;L; rkn`'ka) gj lk
nn'kZ bfr 'ks"k%
vuqoknJhjkkk&voyksduls Jh".kdk 'kjhj foiqy
iqydksals jksekfpr gks jgk gS] jfr&dsfy&fo"k;d fofok
dFkk euesa leqfnr gksusls os vfr vkhj gks jgs gSa]
Jhfoxzg ef.k;ksadh fdj.kksals leqTTofyr gksdj vrho
euksgj |qfrdks kkj.k dj jgk gSA
i|kuqokn
foiqy iyd Hkj yyd dsfy jfr fn[krs vfkd vkhjA
ef.k x.k fdj.k lewg leqTToy Hkw"k.k lqHkx 'kjhj
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk Jh".kdks ns[k jgh gSa fd mudk
lEiw.kZ 'kjhj iqyfdr gks jgk gS] vqr jksekapls ;q gks
jgk gS] jfr&hM+kds fy, os ,d fofp= vkdqy izR;k'kkls
vkhj rks gks gh jgs Fks] Jhjkkk&feyuls rks jfr&dsfy&dykesa
mi;ksxh pqEcukfn f;kvksaesa O;Lr gksusds dkj.k vkSj Hkh
papy gks mBsA ef.ke; Hkw"k.kksadh dkfUrls nsnhI;eku
gksusds dkj.k mudk Jhfoxzg vR;fkd lq'kksfHkr gks jgk
Fkk] ftu vkHkw"k.kksadks mUgksaus kkj.k dj j[kk Fkk] mu
vkHkw"k.kksaesa yxh gqbZ ef.k;ksads fdj.klewgls lHkh vkHkw"k.k
pepek jgs Fks,sls ef.ke; vyadkjksals lqUnj oiqokys
Jh".kdks Jhjkkkus ns[kkA
367
Jht;nsodfo&Hkf.kr&foHko&f}xq.khr&Hkw"k.kHkkje~A
iz.ker fn fofukk; gj lqfpja lqrksn;&lkje~
gfj----
vUo;Hkks% lkko% Jht;nso&Hkf.kr&foHko&f}xq.khr&
Hkw"k.k&Hkkja Jht;nsoL; Hkf.kreso foHko% le`f% rsu
f}xq.khr% furjka ifjor bR;FkZ% Hkw"k.kL; vykjL;
Hkkj% xkSjoa ;= rkn`'ka) ;S% Lo;eyara rs vykjk%
t;nsoL; miekfn&okfXoyklS% f}xq.khrk bR;FkZ% rFkk
lqrksn;lkje~ (lqrL; iq.;fo'ks"kL; ; mn; vkfoHkkZo%
Qyfefr;kor~ rL; lkjHkwra) gj lqfpja ;Fkk rFkk fn
(fpke;s) fofukk; (HkfHkjs.k LFkkif;Rok) iz.ker
vuqoknJht;nso dfo }kjk fojfpr fofok vyar
okD;:i vyadkjls ftuds ifjfgr Hkw"k.k&jkf'kdh 'kksHkk
f}xqf.kr gks x;h gS] gs jfld Hkksa! r&iq.;ksads
QyLo:i mu Jh".kdks n;esa ;Ruds lkFk kkj.k dj
vki mUgsa iz.kke djsaA
i|kuqokn
Jht;nsodfFkr gfj&o.kZu f}xqf.kr Hkw"k.k Hkkj]
gks fg;esa vafdr tc tuds mfnr iq.;dk lkjA
foyl jgh jkkk miouesa
ckycksfkuhizLrqr izcUkds bl vkBosa i|ds }kjk
dfo t;nso dgrs gSa fd gs Hktuksa! dfo&f'kjksef.k
t;nsodh dforkds dkj.k Jh".kds vkHkw"k.kksadh 'kksHkk
f}xqf.kr gks x;h gS vFkok t;nso dfo }kjk dfFkr
Jh".kdk oSHko f}xqf.kr vyadkjksals ;q gSA fpjdkyls
lfpr iq.;ksn;ds ro:i Jh".kdks fpkesa kkj.k dj
mUgsa iz.kke dhft,A cM+s iq.;ksals ,sls Jh".k euesa mfnr
gksrs gSa] os Jhjkkkds laxls tqM+dj f}xqf.kr Hkw"k.kds Hkkjls
368
JhxhrxksfoUne~
Jhjkkkls tqM+dj f}xqf.kr gks tkrs gSaA ,sls Jh".k ftUgsa

Jhjkkk fujUrj ns[k jgh gSa] fuR;dkyds fy, n;esa
fojkteku gks tk;saA
JhxhrxksfoUn dkO;ds bl ckbZlosa izcUkdk uke
^lkuUn xksfoUnjkx Jsf.kdqlqekHkj.k* gSA
vfrE;kika
Jo.kiFki;ZUrxeu&
iz;klsusok{.kksLrjyrjrkja ifrr;ks%A
rnkuha jkkk;k% fiz;re&lekyksdle;s
iikr LosnkEcqizdj bo g"kkZJqfudj%
vUo;vFk Jh".kL; Jhjkfkdkn'kZukuUn&fodkjeqDRok
bnkuha Jhjkkk;kLr'kZukuUnfodkjekgrnkuha fiz;re&lekyksd
le;s (fiz;reL; Jh".kL; n'kZudkys) vike~ (us=izkUra)
vfrE; Jo.k&iFki;ZUr xeuiz;klsuSo (d.kkZUri;ZUra
cgq n w j feR;FkZ % xeuiz ; kls u S o ) rjyrj&rkja (rjyrjk
vfrppyk rkjk us=duhfudk ;= r|Fkk rFkk) ifrr;ks%
jkkk;k% v{.kks% (us=;ks% vrÌr;ksfjfr 'ks"k%) LosnkEHk%&izdj%
(Jetkr?keZtyizokg%) bo g"kkZJqfudj% (vkuUnkJqp;%)
iikrA v=k;a Hkko%;% vR;Ura xPNfr xfrosxo'kkr~ l
?kekZ% HkwekS irfr_ ifrRokp >fVfr mRFkk; fdega
dsukfi n`"V bfr lyTt% rjyrjrkj% fn'k% vokyksd;fr_
qrrjxeuk;klkr~ rL; ruks% ?keZokfj izljfr p_ r}r~
Jh".kkoyksdule;s Jhjkkk;k% us=;qXee~ vikefrE;
d.kZ;qxya ;kor~ xra] rsu p lqnwjxeuJekfno vkuUnkJq&
O;ktsu ?keZokfj fu%llkj
vuqoknizk.ks'ojds feyu&{k.kksaesa Jhjkkkds vrÌr
u;u&;qxyus vikdks vfre.k dj Jo.k&iFk igqp
usdk
iz;kl fd;kA bl iz;klesa papy cus us=ksals ilhusds izlkjds
:iesa g"kZ gh vJq&kkjk cudj izokfgr gksus yxkA
369
ckycksfkuhfpjdkyds fojgds i'pkr~ tc Jhjkkkdk

Jh".kds lkFk feyu gqvk rks Jhjkkkds us= vikksa
(dVk{kikrksa) dk vfre.k djds dkuksa rd igqp x;sA
blh Jels ekuks muds us=ksaesa ilhuk vkuUnkJqds :iesa
tykkjkds leku cgus yxkA brus le; ckn fiz;redks
ns[kk rks g"kZ fLFkj u jg ldk] vk[kksals NyNykus yxkA
jfrhM+kds vkLoknuls vk[ksa ilhuk&ilhuk gks x;haA
cM+h&cM+h vk[ksa dkuksa rd igqpuk pkgrh Fkha vkSj blh
iz;klesa muesa 'kSfFkY; vk x;kA f'kfFkyrkds dkj.k os
ufer gks x;ha] >qd x;ha] tye; gks x;haA us=&izkUrdk
vfre.k djds Jo.k iFk rd tkusds iz;klesa Losn&vEcq
NyNyk;kA us=ksaesa fiz;&n'kZudh vkdka{kkls vfr papyRo
rks gks jgk FkkA
Jhjkkkdk lkfRod Hkko izdkf'kr gqvk gSA izLrqr
'yksdesa miek vyadkj gS vkSj f'k[kfj.kh Nan gSA
HktUR;kLrYikUra r&diV&d.Mwfr&fifgr&
fLera ;krs xsgkn~ cfgjcfgrkyh&ifjtusA
fiz;kL;a i';UR;k% Lej'kj&lekgwr&lqHkxa
lyTtk yTtkfi O;xefno nwja e`xn`'k%
vUo;rr% 'k;kfUrda xrk;kLrL;k% fiz;n'kZukos'ksu
yTtk foxfyrk bR;kgr&diV&d.Mwfr&fifgr&fLera
(rk ;k diVd.Mwfr% Nyd.Mq;ua r;k fifgre~ vkPNkfnra
fLere~ bZ"kkL;a ;Fkk rFkk) vofgrkyh&ifjtus (rRlq[kkuqdYw ;s
vofgr% lkokku% ;% vkyhifjtu% l[khtu% rfLeu~)
xsgkr~ (fudqtHkoukr~) cfg% ;krs (izfLFkrs) lfr rYikUra
('k;kfUrda) HktUR;k% (xPNUR;k%) Lej'kjlekgwrlqHkxa
(Lej'kjs.k lekgwra ;r~ gkL;dVk{kkfnda rsu lqHkxa
370
JhxhrxksfoUne~
lqUnja&;FkkL;kr~ rFkk_ ;}k Lej'kjlekgwrlqHkxfefr fiz;kL;&

feR;L; fo'ks"k.ke~) fiz;kL;a (Jh".konua) i';UR;k% e`xn`'k%
(e`xk{;k% Jhjkkk;k%) yTtkfi lyTtk lrh nwja O;xefno
(fo'ks"ks.k vxefno) l[khle{ka Jhjkkk lyTtk vklhr~
vkquk rklka dqtHkoukr~ cfgxZeusu lk yTtka fogk;
;FkkfHkyf"kra fotgkj bR;FkZ%
vuqoknJhjkkkdh lq[kkfHkykf"k.kh lgpfj;k dqju;uk
jkfkdkdks ds'kodh 'k;k ij mios'ku djrs ns[k lkokkuhls
diV&d.Mw;udk cgkuk djrh gqbZ gkL; laoj.k iwoZd
fudaqtx`gls ckgj pyh x;ha] rc Lejijo'kk Jhjkkk vius
fiz;re Jh".kds eq[ke.Mydk euksgj dVk{k fu{ksids
}kjk voyksdu djus yxha vkSj mudh yTtk Hkh
lyTtHkkols ogkls nwj pyh x;hA
ckycksfkuhT;ksa gh Jhjkkkus yrk&fudqatesa izos'k
fd;k] lst ij vklhu gqbZ rHkh lkokku lf[k;k le> xb
fd vc muds ;gk #dusdk dksbZ vkSfpR; gh ugha gS]
mudh mifLFkfr Jhjkkkekkods ekqj feyuesa ckkd cu
ldrh gSA os prqj lf[k;k cgkuk cukus yxha] dku vkfn
[kqtykus yxha vkSj eqLdjkrs gq, yrk&fudqatls ckgj pyh
x;haA Qwyksadh 'kS;k ij fojkteku Jhjkkk dkensods
ck.kksals o'khHkwr gks Jh".kdks ,sls ns[kus yxha ekuks mUgsa
iqu% Lejds 'kjksals chak jgh gksaA Jhjkkkdh ,slh izxYHkrk
ns[kdj yrk Hkh yfTtr gks x;ha vkSj ml e`xu;uh
Jhjkkkdks NksM+dj lf[k;ksads leku Lo;a Hkh nwj pyh
x;haA vc bl jfr&O;kikjesa ykt Hkh dgk jgsxh]
ns[krs&ns[krs Jhjkkkus Jh".kdks izkIr dj fy;kA
izLrqr 'yksdesa jlon~ vyadkj ,oa f'k[kfj.kh NUn
gSA
371
lkuUna uUnlwuqn'krq ferija lEena eUneUna

jkkkekkk; ckksoojeuq n`<a ihM;Uizhfr;ksxkr~A
rqkS rL;k mjkstkoruq ojruksuxrkS ek Le Hkwrka
i`"Ba fuHk| rLekn~cfgfjfr ofyrxzhoekyksD;Uo%
vuqoknuUniq= Jh".kus Jhjkkkdks eUn&eUn viuh
ckgksads vUrjkyesa j[kk] izhfriwoZd mudk xk<+ vkfyu
fd;kA iqu% xzhokdks ?kqekdj ,sls ns[kus yxs ekuks
Jhjkkkds mUur mjkst mudh ihBdks Hksndj ckgj u
fudy tk;sa,sls Jh".k lHkhdk vkuUn fokku djsaA
ckycksfkuhuUniq= Jhxksiky ,oa Jhjkkkdk feyu
gqvkA bl feyuls Jh".k vfr'k; vkuUnls ifjiw.kZ gks
x;s vkSj khjs&khjs Jhjkkkdks viuh ckgksads foojesa Hkj
fy;kA Jhjkkk f'kjh"k dqlqeksals Hkh cgqr vfkd lqdksey
gSa] blfy, mUgsa cgqr dkseyrkds lkFk xys yxk;kA iqu%
vR;Ur izhfriwoZd Jhjkkkdk xk<+ vkfyu fd;kA ;gk
^n`<a ihM;u~* bl inls Jh".kdk vfr'k; vuqjkx izdV
gks jgk gSA iqu% viuh xzhokdks oykf;r djds mUgsa ns[kus
yxs fd dgha Jhjkkkds rq mjkst mudh ihBdks Hksndj
ckgj u fudy tk;saA bl izlaxesa Jhjkkkds mjkst i`"Bdk
dkfBU; ,oa rh{.kRo vfHkO; gks jgk gSA ;gk Jhjkkkdh
izkfrd :ils vfr je.kh;rk ,oa lkSdqek;Zrk fun'kr
gqbZ gSos Qwyksals Hkh vfkd dksey gSA
izLrqr 'yksdesa k`kj jl] oSnHkhZ jhfr ,oa izlkn
xq.k gSA
t;Jh&foU;LrSeZfgr bo eUnkj dqlqeS%

Lo;a flUnqjs.k f}i&j.k&eqnk eqfr boA
HkqtkihM+&hM+kgr&dqoy;kihM&dfj.k%
izdh.kkZl`fXcUnqt;Z fr Hkqtn.Mks eqjftr%
372
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vUo;r= r;k vfHkyk"k&fo'ks"ks.k vkyksP;ekua

Jh".kL; Hkqtn.Ma Leju~ rRlkSUn; o.kZ;fr dfo%HkwtkihM+&
hM+kgr&dqoy;kihM+dfj.k% (HkwtkihM+su ckgqH;ka lE;d~
ihM+usu hM+;k voyhy;k grL; dqoy;kihM+k[;L;
daldfj.k%) izdh.kkZl`fXoUnq% (izdh.kkZ% fof{kIrk yXuk bfr
;kor~ vl`fXoUno% 'kksf.krfoUno% ;= rkn`'k%) t;JhfoU;LrS%
(t;fJ;k fot;y{E;k foU;LrS% virS%) eUnk&dqlqeS%
(nsor#iq"iS%) efgr% (vpr%) bo_ t;JhiwftrRosu gsrquk
mRis{kkUrjekgf}i&j.k&eqnk (f}is.k dfj.kk lg ;% j.k%
laxzke% rsu eqnk g"ksZ.k) Lo;a flUnwjs.k eqfr% (jkftr%) bo
,rkn`'k% eqjftr% (eqjkjs% Jhgjs%) Hkqtn.M% t;fr vr,o
foizyEHkkuUrjizkI;kuUnsu lfgrks xksfoUnks ;= lks;e~ ,dkn'k%
lxZ%)
vuqoknckgq&;qesa dqoy;kihM+ uked gLrhdks ekj
nsusls #fkj (j) fcUnqvksals lq'kksfHkr] gkFkhds lkFk ;qds
mYyklesa flUnwjls fpfr] fot;&Jh }kjk eUnkj iq"iksals
foHkwf"kr eqjftr".kdk fo'kky Hkqtn.M t;t;dkjdks
izkIr gksA
ckycksfkuhdfo t;nso dgrs gSa fd Jh".kdk
eaxydkjh Hkqtn.M vkidk dY;k.k djs] mudh Hkqtk,
loksZR"V gSa] txr&oUnuh; gSaA os eqjftr gSaA mUgksaus
viuh n.Mkdkj Hkqtkvksals eqj uked nSR;dks ijkLr dj
fn;k FkkA vius blh izp.M Hkqtn.Mdh hM+kls mUgksaus
dalds dqoy;kihM+ uked gkFkhdks ekj Mkyk FkkA mldks
ekjusls tks jdh cwansa mudh Hkqtkvksaij iM+ xbZ Fkha] mUgsa
ns[kdj ,slk yxrk Fkk ekuks fot;y{ehus Lo;a gh
ikfjtkrds Qwyksals mudh iwtk dh gksA os Lo;a Hkh ml
gkFkhdks ekjdj vR;Ur izlUu gq, FksA mudh blh
izlUurkus gh flUnwjdk :i kkj.k dj fy;k FkkA ,slk
373
dgk tkrk gS fd mUgsa gkFkhds mUur dqaHkdks ns[kdj

Jhjkkkdk Lej.k gks vk;k FkkA j fcUnqvksals lq'kksfHkr
mudh Hkqtk, vkuUn:ih flUnwjls vyar gks jgh Fkha
vFkok fot;Jh }kjk vir fd;s x;s eUnkj iq"iksals
leyar gks jgh Fkha,slk izp.M Hkqtn.M vki lcdk
eaxy&fokku djsA gs Jh".kds Hkqtn.M! vkidh t; gks]
t; gksA
izLrqr 'yksdesa f'k[kfj.kh NUn gSA vuqizkl vkSj
mRizs{kk vyadkjdh lal`f"V gSA ikpkyh jhfr] vkjHkVho`fk
rFkk ohj jl gSA
lkSUn;Sd
Z fu/ksju&yyuk&yko.;&yhyktq"kks
jkkk;k fn iYoys euflt hMS+djLFkys
jE;ksjkstljkst[ksyujflRoknkReu% [;ki;&
U/;krqekZuljktgalfuHkrka ns;kUeqdqUnks eqne~
bfr Jht;nsorkS JhxhrxksfoUns jkfkdkfeyus lkuUn&
nkeksnjks&ukeSdkn'k% lxZ%A
vuqoknlkSUn;Zdh fufk] vuyyuk jfrds ln`'k
yko.;e;h Jhjkkkds n;&ljksojds euksgj j&LFky
Lru&dey ij hM+kijk;.k gq, ,dkxzfpk] viuk ;ku
djus okyksads ekul jktgalRodks [;kfir djusokys JheqdUq n
vkidks vkuUn iznku djsaA
ckycksfkuhJheqdqUn tks lHkh euq";ksadks Dys'kksals
eq dj mUgsa vkuUn iznku djrs gSaA izLrqr 'yksdesa
ikBd rFkk Jksrkvksadks vk'khokZn nsrs gq, dfo f'kjksef.k
t;nsodk dFku gS fd Jhjkkk gh lexz lkSUn;Zdh ,dek=
fufk gSa] mudk o{k%LFky Jh".kdh hM+kHkwfe gSA dfous
Jhjkkkds o{k%LFkydh miek ljksojls dh gSA ftl rjg
374
JhxhrxksfoUne~
ljksojesa dey fodflr gksrs gSa] mlh izdkj Jhjkkkds

o{k%LFky&rM+kxesa nksuksa Lru gh euksgj dey gSa] tgk
Jh".k hM+k djusokys jktgal gSaA ,sls jktgal Jh".kdk
tks yksx ;ku djrs gSa] mu ;ku djusokys ;krkvksads
n;&LFkyesa fogkj djusokys ekuljksojds jktgalds leku
Jh".k vius lHkh Hkksadk eaxy fokku djsaA
izLrqr 'yksdesa :id ,oa vk'kh% vyadkj gS vkSj
'kknwy
Z fohfM+r NUn gSA bl izdkj lkeksnnkeksnj uked
X;kjgosa lxZdh lekfIr gqbAZ
yyy
}kn'k% lxZ%
(lqizhr&ihrkEcj%)
xrofr l[khoÙnseUn=ikHkj&fuHkZj&
Lej'kj'kkdwrLQhrfLerLufirkkjke~
A
ljleula n`"V~ok jkkk eqgquZoiYyo&
izlo'k;us fuf{kIrk{kheqokp gfj% fiz;ke~
vUo;l[khoÙns (lgpjhlewgs) xrofr lfr gfj%
eUn=ikHkj&fuHkZj&Lej&'kj&o'kkdwr&LQhr&fLerLufirkkjka
(eUn% f'kfFky% ;% =ikHkj% yTtkfr'k;% rsu fuHkZj%
vfrizo`% Lej'kj% r}'kks ;% vkdwr% vfHkizk;% rsu
LQhra izoà ;r~ fLera e`ne
q kqj&gflra rsu Lufir% vfHkf"k%
vkj% ;L;k% rkn`'kha) ljl&eula (vuqjkxs.k vkZfpkka)
rFkk eqg%q (iqu% iqu%) uoiYyo&izlj&'k;us (uo&iYyokuka
izlj% lewg ,o 'k;ua rfLeu~) fuf{kIrk{kha (fuf{kIrs
vf{kuh ;L;k% rka) fiz;ka (jkkka) n`"V~ok mokp
vuqoknl[khoÙnds yrk&dqtls ckgj pys tkus ij
vR;fkd yTtkls ifjiw.kZ Jhjkkk dkensods o'khHkwr gks
x;ha] muds vkjks"B fLerls lq'kksfHkr gks x;s] jfrhM+kds
fy, vuqjkxorh gks uo&iYyoksa ,oa dqlqeksals jfpr
'k;kdks iqu%&iqu% voyksdu djus yxhaA viuh fiz;kdks
,slk djrs ns[kdj Jh".kus dgk
i|kuqokn
Lej iwfjr eu] yxh fFkjdus nhB ^'k;u* dh vksj
rjy fLer Hkh yxh fHkxkus ekqj vkjdh dksj]
yTtkls gks mBs yky tc xksjs e`nqy diksy
l[kh xeu ij gfj jkkkls cksy mBs nks cksy
376
JhxhrxksfoUne~
ckycksfkuhtc Jhjkkk fudqat&yrk&x`gesa dsfy&foykl

'k;kds lehi igqpha rks lf[k;k Lo;adks ckkd ekudj
fofok izdkjds cgkus cukdj pyh x;haA Jh".kus
Jhjkkkdks euesa vR;fkd yfTtr gksrs gq, ns[kkA dkedh
ijo'krkds o'khHkwr gks eUn&eUn eqLdjkgV Jhjkkkds gksBksa
ij [ksy jgh Fkh] mRlqdrkls iw.kZ iYyoksadh lstdh vksj
ns[ks tk jgh Fkha] dqN cksy ugha ik jgh Fkha] eu vuqjkxls
Hkjk gqvk Fkk] uohu iYyoksa }kjk jfpr 'k;k gh mudk
vfHkizk;&loZLo gks jgk FkkA Jhjkkkdh ,slh ekufld
fLFkfrdks ns[kdj Jh".kus lkuqjkx muls dgkA
izLrqr 'yksdesa gfj.kh NUn gSA bl lxZesa LokkhuHkrZ`dk
ukf;dk o.kr gqbZ gSA 'k;kdk iqu&iqujkoyksdu Jhjkkkdh
laHkksxsPNkdk fun'kZu djrk gSA
=;kso'k lUnHkZ
xhre~
foHkkljkxSdrkyhrkykH;ka xh;rsizcUk%
xhrxksfoUn dkO;ds bl osa izcUkdks foykl jkx
rFkk ,drkyh rkyls xk;k tkrk gSA
fdly;&'k;u&rys dq# dkfefu! pj.k&ufyu&fofuos'ke~A

ro in&iYyo&oSfj ijkHkofeneuqHkorq lqos'ke~
{k.kekquk ukjk;.keuqxreuqlj jkfkds! kzqoine~
vUo;vf; dkfefu eRiwtk Ro;Lrhfr dkfeuh'kCn%
iz;
q % fd'ky;&'k;u&rys (uoiYyo'k;k;ka) pj.k&ufyu&
fofuos'ka (pj.k&dey;ksoU;kla) dq# iwtk;ka izFkekeklue~
vhdq# bna (r#.k&iYyo'k;ua) lqos'ka (rkn~xq.kS%
'kksHkekuefi) ro in&iYyo&oSfj (iniYyoL; 'k=qHkwre~
}kn'k% lxZ%lqizhr&ihrkEcj%
377
v#.krkfnfHk% xq.kS% lkE;dk~{k;k oSfjRoa Ks;a) vr%

vL; f'kjfl ro iniYyoL; voLFkkiukr~ ijkHkoe~
vuqHkorq] vf; jkfkds vkquk ukjk;.ka (ukjh.kka lewgks
ukja_ ukjk.kke~ v;ue~ hlewgkuke~ vkJ;a) vuqxra (Ronsdija)
cgqoYyHkefi Ronsdfu"Bfefr Hkko%_ eke~ {k.ke~ vuqHkt
(lsoLo)
vuqokngs dkfefu! fdly;ksals cuh 'k;k ij vius
pj.k&ufyudks U;Lr djksA rqEgkjs in&iYyoksadh oSfj.kh
;g 'k;k vc ijkHkodk vuqHko djsA gs jkfkds!
eqgwkZ&ek=ds fy, vki eq> ukjk;.kdk vuqlj.k djsaA
i|kuqokn
ekfufu!
viuk
eku
fclkjksA
uo fdly;&'kS;k ij lqUnfj! in&iksadks kkjksA
vkSj v#f.kekls
iYyods
vgaHkkodks ekjks
ckycksfkuhJhgfj Jhjkkkls dgus yxsgs dkfefu!
vius pj.k&dey bl iYyodh lst ij LFkkfir djksA
;s iYyo rqEgkjs in&iYyoksals oSj j[krs gSaA vius iSjksals
bUgsa izrkfM+r djks] ftlls ;s viuh gkjdks vuqHkwr dj
ysaA 'k=q vius 'k=qdks ijkftr dj mls vius iSjksals jksan
gh rks Mkyrk gSA gs fiz;s! vc rqe esjk vuqlj.k djks]
rqEgkjs n'kZuksRlols eSa vR;fkd vkufUnr gks jgk gwA vc
{k.k Hkj rqEgkjs lkFk lEHkksxksRlols eq>s vkufUnr gksus nksA
vc ,slk iy vk x;k gS fd rqe vius vuqxr
ukjk;.kds lkFk foylksA jl&l`f"Vdh Hkwfedk cukrs gq,
Jh".k dgus yxseSa ukjk;.k gwA bl izlaxesa ukjk;.kdk
vfHkizk; ;g gS fd tks ukj vFkkZr~ tyesa fuokl djrk
gS] tks tuksads vkJ;&Lo:i gSaA ftl izdkj dksbZ lUrIr
O;f tyk'k;esa ty&hM+k dj vkuUndh vuqHkwfr djrk
gS] mlh izdkj rqe Hkh dkelarIrk gks] esjs izse&lkxjesa
378
JhxhrxksfoUne~
ekfufu! viuk eku fclkjksA
379
tyhM+kds leku jfrdsfydk vuqHkodj vkuUn izkIr

djks vkSj esjh Hkh 'khryrkdk fokku djksA
izLrqr 'yksdesa rYi ij îniYyoU;kl* inls dj.kfo'ks"k
lwfpr gqvk gSA
dj&deysu djksfe pj.k&egekxferkfl fonwje~A

{k.keqidq# 'k;uksifj ekfeo uwiqjeuqxfr'kwje~
{k.kekquk----
vUo;rnkjksg.ksu dFka RonuqHktua L;kfnR;r vkg
vf; fiz;s vge~ vkReu% djdeysu ro pj.kega
(pj.k;ks% ega iwtka) djksfe (laokg;kehR;FkZ%) ;r% Roa
fonwje~ (vfrnwje~) vkxferkfl (vkuhrkfl) e;sfr 'ks"k%_
nwjkxrL; iknlaokgueqfprfefrHkko%_ rnFk {k.ka 'k;uksifj
('k;k;ka) vuqxfr'kwja (vuqxrkS vuqxeus lsok;ka 'kwja
fuiq.ka) uwiqjfeo eke~ midq# (vhdq#) vuqxrL;
ikn&yXuL; midkjkpj.ka ;qesosR;FkZ%
vuqokngs fiz;s! vki cgqr nwjls pydj vk;h gSaA
eSa vius dj&deyksals vkids pj.kkjfoUnksadk laokgu
djrk gwA vius uwiqjdk vuqlj.k djusokys eq> 'kwj ij
Hkh rqe bl 'k;kds ij {k.kHkj midkj djksA
i|kuqokn
nwj ns'kls Fkd vkbZ gks] dj deyksals vius
in lgykdj Je gj ywx k (D;ksa foglh py u;us\)
nw mrkj ik;y] {k.k Hkj rks 'kS;k ij f<x esjsA
cSBks fiz;! crjlls fg; gks 'khry vkt lcsjs
ckycksfkuhJh".k dgrs gSajkks! rqe cM+h nwjls
pydj vkbZ gks] vkvks] eSa vius gkFkksl
a s rqEgkjs pj.k&deyksd
a ks
nck nw] eSa bu pj.kksadh iwtk djrk gwA bu uwiqjksa ij
midkj dj tSls rqe budks kkj.k djrh gks] mlh izdkj
380
JhxhrxksfoUne~
eq> ij Hkh midkj djksbl 'k;k ijA ftl izdkj ;s

uwiqj lnk&loZnk rqEgkjk vuqlj.k djrs gSa] mlh izdkj eSa
Hkh fuR;&fujUrj rqEgkjk vuqlj.k djrk gwA vr% rqEgkjs
}kjk mir fd;s tkusdh ;ksX;rk eq>esa gSA eSa Hkh rqEgkjs
vuqxzgdk ik= gwA
onu&lqkkfufk&xfyree`rfeo jp; opueuqdwye~A

fojgfeokiu;kfe i;kskj&jkskdeqjfl nqdwye~
{k.kekquk----
vUo;vuqKka fcuk iwtk u 'kqHkkogk bfr vuqKka
izkFkZ;rsvf; izs;fl onu&lqkkfufk&xfyre~ (onueso
lqkkfufk% pU% rLekr~ xfyre~ fu%l`re~) ve`re~ bo
vuqdy
w a (vuqjkxkReda) vuqdy
w eso opue~ ve`roorhfr
Hkko% opua jp; (on)_ uuq fdesrkork rosfIlra
lsRL;rhR;kg vga p i;kskj&jkskda (Lrukojda] Lruk'ys"k&
okkdfeR;FkZ%) nqdwye~ (olue~) mjfl (o{kfl_ v=
ipE;FksZ lIreh) fojgfeo viu;kfe (vilkj;kfe)
;Fkk fojgs.k i;kskjn'kZua fofPN|rs nqdwysu_ vrLrr~
nwjhR; fojgO;Fkkefi fuokj;kfe
vuqokngs jkks! vius eq[klqkkfufkls ve`rrqY;
vuqdwy opu dfg;sA feyuesa ckkd Lo:i fojgds
leku rqEgkjs i;kskj&LFky ij fLFkr odks eSa gVkuk
pkgrk gwA
i|kuqokn
mj&nqdwy dj nwj dqpksadh vkyxu&vkrqjrkA
vUr djks Hkqt&ik'k lekdj nsfo! vf[ky O;kdqyrk
fojg&vuyls nXk nsg ;g u"V gq, lc liusA
vkj&lqkk&jlls thou nks bl vuqpjdks vius
381
ckycksfkuhgs jkks! vius eq[kls jfr mRiUu djusokys

euksgkjh vuqdwy opu dfg,A rqEgkjk eq[k pUekds
leku gSA ftl izdkj pUekls ve`r fu%l`r gksrk gS] mlh
izdkj rqe Hkh vius eq[ksUnqls lqkk&kkjk o"kZ.k djksA
lqjr&hM+k vuqdwy ehBh&ehBh ckrsa cksyksA eSa rqEgkjs
fojgls rkfir gw] ijLij mieku&mies; Hkkols dgrs gSa
fd nqdwyds leku fojgdks gVkrk gw] fojgds leku
nqdwydks gVkrk gwA tSls fojg ge nksuksads feyuesa ckkd
curk gS] mlh izdkjls ;g rqEgkjs o{k%LFky ij fo|eku
nqdwy Hkh ge nksuksads feyuesa ckkd gSA vr% bl ckkd
;k vojkskddks gVkusdh eq>s vuqefr nksA ;g nqdwy
i;kskjksadk jkskd gSA fojgesa dkfefu;ksads i;kskjksadh o`f
ugha gksrh] mlh izdkj oL=ls vko`r i;kskjksadh Hkh o`f
ugha gksrhA vr% rqEgkjs Lruksads fodkldks jksdusokys fojg
:i vkoj.kdks eSa gVk nsrk gwA
fiz;&ifjjEHk.k&jHkl&ofyrfeo iqyfdrefr nqjokie~A

enqjfl dqpdy'ka fofuos'k; 'kks"k; euflt&rkie~
{k.kekquk----
vUo;rrks oD=eoyks d ;Urha iz f r O;kdq y
lkkgvf; fiz;res enqjfl (ee mjfl o{kksns'ks)
fiz;&ifjjEHk.k&jHkl&ofyrfeo (fiz;L; dkUrL; ee
ifjjEHk.kk; vkfyuk; ;ks jHkl% vkS R lq D ;a rs u
vkfyukos'ksu bR;FkZ% ofyre~ mPNfyrfeo) iqyfdra
(jksekfpra) dL;fpr~ o`Fkk;kZoyksdkr~ d#.k% rnkk'keuk;
iqyfdrks Hkofr r}n;eihR;FkZ% vfrnqjokia (vfrnqyZHka)
dqpdyla (LrudqEHka) fofuos'k; (LFkki;) nqjkiL; |so
kkj.k&;ksX;Rokfnfr Hkko%_ rsup ee euflt&rkia
(enulUrkia) 'ks"k; ([k.M;] fuokj; bR;FkZ%) jlk;ukiZ.kkr~
rkiksi'kkfUrHkZoR;sosR;FkZ%
382
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vuqokngs fiz;s! fiz;reds ifjjEHk.kds fy, lUu

rFkk g"kZ&jksekapls iqyfdr] nq"izkI; bu dqp&dy'kksadks esjs
o{k%LFky ij j[kdj esjs euflt rkidks nwj dhft,A
ckycksfkuhgs jkks! esjs n; ij vius dqp&dy'kksadks
kkj.k djk nks] tSls ekuks eaxyosnh ij dqp&dy'k j[k
jgh gksA bl rjg esjs euflt rkidks 'kksf"kr dj MkyksA
dy'k lfUufgr djus ij rki rks pyk gh tkrk gSA
rqEgkjs dqpdy'k iqyfdr vkSj jksekafpr gks jgs gSaA rqEgkjs
vuqxzgds fcuk budks izkIr djuk vR;Ur dfBu gSA
fiz;reds vkyxuds fy, ;s vfr lUu ,oa rRij gks
jgs gSaA vr% bUgsa esjs n; ij j[kdj esjs dke&lUrkidks
nwj dj nhft,A
vkj&lqkkjleqiu; Hkkfefu! tho; e`rfeo nkle~A

Rof; fofufgr&eula fojgkuynXkoiq"kefoykle~
{k.kekquk----
vUo;vU;Fkk es n'keh n'kk L;kfnR;r vkgvf;
Hkkfefu (vfHkekuofr) on`"Vk voyksdukr~ HkkfeuhR;qe~
vkj&lqkk&jle~ (vkjke`re~) miu; (nsfg)_ Rof;
fofufgreula (leirfpke~_ vuU;xfrdfeR;FkZ%) fojgkuy&
nXkoiq"ke~ vr,o vfoykla (foykljfgra fujkuUnfefr
;kor~) e`rfeo (e`rizk;a) nkla (fdja) tho; (xrthforfeo
eke~ ve`ra nok lthoa dq# bfr Hkko%)
vuqokngs Hkkfefu! rqeesa gh fufo"V euokys]
fojgkuyls nXk] foykljfgr] e`ror~ eq> nkldks viuh
vkj&lqkk&jldk iku djkdj thfor djksA
ckycksfkuhgs Hkkfefu! rqEgkjs pj.kksadh gh ifjp;kZ
djusokys bl nkl ij rqe ik dj nksA vius ekudks
R;kx nks] dksidks NksM+ nksA rqEgkjk fpUru djrs&djrs eSa
383
fojgdh vfXuesa larIr gks jgk gwA rqEgkjk ;g lsod izk;%

e`ror~ gks x;k gSA vr% viuh vkjlqkkls eq> nklesa
u;s izk.kksadk lapkj djks] eq> fu'ps"Vdks iqu% lf;
djks] lizk.k djksA e`r O;f ve`rdk iku djds thfor
gks mBrk gS] esjk eu rks rqeesa gh yxk gqvk gS] rqeesa
gh vkl gS] foykl jfgr fojg:i vfXuls nXk eq>s
vkjke`rls lfpr djksA
'kf'keqf[k! eq[kj; ef.kj'kukxq.keuqxq.kd.Bfuukne~A

Jqfr&;qxys fid#rfodys iqj 'ke; fpjknolkne~
{k.kekquk----
vUo;ekSuus rRlEefreky{; yksHkknU;nfi izkFkZ;rs
vf; 'kf'keqf[k (pUkuus) vuqxq.kd.Bfuukne~ (vuqxq.k%
ln`'k% d.BL; fuukn% ofu ;L; rkn`'ka] ro d.BLojrqY;a)
ef.kjlukxq.ka (jRue; dkphnkea) eq[kj; (eq[kjhdq#_
izkFkZuk&fo'ks"kks;a) fid#r&fodys (fidkuka dksfdykuka #rsu
jos.k fodys O;kdqys_ fojgL;kshidRokfnfr Hkko%) Jqfr&
iqV;qxys (d.kZ};s)_ fpjkr~ (fpjdkyhufeR;FkZ%) volkna
(volkrka) 'ke; (uk'k;)
vuqokngs fokqeq[kh! viuh djkuhdh ef.k;ksadks
eq[kfjr djks] mlhds leku viuk d.B fuukn djksA bl
izdkjdh dksfdy&ofuls fpjdkyls volkfnr esjs Jqfr;qxydks
'kfer djksA
i|kuqokn
ekq dfdf.k&ofuls iwfjr gksa ;qxy dku ;s esjsA
fid&jols ihfM+r Fks tks vfr fojg≤esa rsjs
ckycksfkuhgs pUkuus! rqe rks ve`r fuLiUnu
pUek gh rks gksA viuh ef.kdh djkuhdks vius
d.B&Lojds lkFk bl izdkj eq[kfjr djks fd foijhr
384
JhxhrxksfoUne~
jfr&dkyesa os rqEgkjs d.B&Lojds lkFk rky nsus yxsaA

esjs Jks=&;qxy tks dks;ydh dwd lqu&lqudj f[kUu gks
jgs Fks] ml mhiuls vrÌr gks jgs Fks] muesa laxhr lek
tkus nks vkSj fpjdkyls lfpr bl fojgds volkndks
'kfer dj nksA fid&jo fojfg;ksads fy, nq%Jo gksrk gh
gSA
ekefrfoQy#"kk
fodyhreoyksfdrqekqusne~A
feyfryfTtrfeo u;ua ro fojefol`tfl jfr[ksne~
{k.kekquk----
vUo;ef; vdkj.k&dksis ro u;ueso izek.kfefr
izkFkZ;rsvf; izs;fl bna ro u;ue~ vkquk vfr
foQy#"kk (ekukijukEuk vdkj.k&dksius ) fodyhra (furjka
Dysf'kra) eke~ voyksfdrqa ("Vqa) yfTtra (lyTtfeo)
ehyfr (eqfra Hkofr) vU;ksfi ;% df'pr~ fujijkka
dqfiRok O;kdqyhdjksfr lksfi rUeq[kkoyksdus yfTtrks
HkorhR;fHkizk;%_ rg vkquk foje (jks"kkr~ fuokZLo)
rr'p jfr[ksna (lqjr&okE;a) fol`t (R;t)
vuqokngs ekue;h! rqe vdkj.k gh esjs izfr
vfHkeku dj O;kdqy gks jgh gks] ns[kks rqEgkjs ykspu};
esjh vksj ns[kdj vZfuehfyr gks jgs gSaA vc rqe esjs
izfr okE;Hkkodk ifjR;kx djksA
i|kuqokn
ykt Hkjs ;s us= ns[kus [kqyrs gSa>i tkrsA
eku fuxksM+sds dkj.k ge] nks u ,d gks ikrs
ckycksfkuhgs jkks! rqEgkjh ;s vk[ksa lnSo O;FkZds
kskls eq>s ,sls ns[krh Fkha fd eSa O;FkZ gh O;kdqy gks
tkrk FkkA eq>s fody djusds fy, rqe esjs izfr vdkj.k
jks"k fn[kk;k djrh FkhaA rqEgkjh bl mkstukls rks eSa
385
Vwd&Vwd gks tk;k djrk Fkk] ns[kks vc rqEgkjh n`f"V eq>

ij izse o"kZ.k dj jgh gS] kskls Hkjh n`f"V vc Lo;a
gh lyTt gks jgh gSa] vc bu us=ksads fujFkZd mUehyudk
ifjR;kx dj nksA eq> ij izlUu gks tkvks vkSj mRlkgls
Hkjdj jfrtU; [ksndk ifjR;kx dj nksA
Jht;nso&Hkf.krfeneuqin&fuxfnrekqfjiq&eksne~ A
tu;rq jfldtus"kq euksje jfrjl Hkko&fouksne~
{k.kekquk----
vUo;vuqin&fuxfnr&ekqfjiq&eksna (vuqina izfrina
fuxfnr% foo`r% ekqfjiks% Jh".kL; eksn% g"kZ% ;= rkn`'ka)
bna Jht;nso Hkf.kra (Jht;nso dfFkr xhra) jfldtus"kq
(Jh".kHktufo'ks"ks"kq) euksje&jfrjlHkkofouksna (euksjes
jfrjls ;ks Hkko% rnkLokn:i% rsu ;ks fouksn% g"kZ% ra)
tu;rq
vuqoknin&in ij ekqfjiq Jh".kds vkuUn fouksndk
o.kZu djusokys t;nso dfo }kjk jfpr ;g xhr jfld
tuksaesa euksje&jfr&jl&Hkko fouksndks mRiUu djsA
i|kuqokn
ekko dj euqgkj fiz;kls jfr&foykl&jl HkwysA
tu&jtd ekqe; yhyk xk dfo ^t;* euesa Qwy
s
ckycksfkuhizLrqr v"Vinh êkqfjiqeksnfo|kkj&yhyk*
esa dfo t;nsous Jhekqlnw uds izeksn&vkuUn&oZudk fu:i.k
fd;k gSA ;g xhr jfldksaesa euksgj jfr&jl&vkuUndh
l`f"V djsA jfldtuksaesa jfr&jl vFkok dsfy&jldh
vuqierk ,oa mTToyrkdh loZJs"Brk vaxhdkjdh tkrh
gSA blh jkx&jldks gh egkefge k`kj&jlds ukels
[;kfir fd;k x;k gSA bl izdkj ;g izcUk JhifrJh".kdk
izhfrdkjd gS] jfr&jlds Hkkodks fodflr djusokyk gS]
laHkksx&k`kjdks mUehfyr djusokyk gSA
386
JhxhrxksfoUne~
^^vuqgkje;h jk/kkA**
387
izR;wg% iqydkadqjs.k fufoMk'ys"ks fues"ks.k p

hMkdwr&foyksfdrskj&lqkkikus dFkk&ueZfHk%A
vkuUnkfkxesu eUeFk&dyk&;qsfi ;fLeUuHkw&
nqqr% l r;kscZHkwo lqjrkjEHk% fiz;a Hkkoqd%
vUo;,oeqidj.k&lkexzha fu:I; mie&lwfpr&
jg%dsfy&i;Zolkuekg;fLeu~ (lqjrkjEHks) fufoM+k'ys"ks
(izxk<+kfyus) iqydkqjs.k (jkseksn~xesu)_ rFkk hM+kdwr&
foyksfdrs (hM+k;ke~ vkdwyfoyksfdrs lr`".kkoyksdus) fues"ks.k_
rFkk vkjlqkkikus dFkkdsfyfHk% (okDpkrq;SZ%)_ rFkkp
eUeFkdyk;qs (dkehM+kfo'ks"k:i laxzkes) vkuUnkfkxesu
(pjelq[kizkIR;k) izR;wg% (fo?u%) vfi r;ks% (jkkk".k;ks%)
fiz;EHkkoqd% (izhfrtud%) vHkwr~] l% (rkn`'k%) lqjrkjEHk%
mwr% (mRik%) oHkwoA vU;= vkjEHks e;s ok izR;wgks
nks"ktud ,o_ bgrq vknkS e;sfi izR;wg% mkjkskjhM+kjEHkd
,o bfr vkjEHkL; vwrRoa lwfpre~A ,rsu dsyhukp
ijeizsefoyklRoefi n'kre~
vuqoknrnUrj mu nksuksadk fpjkdkaf{kr vqr]
ijefiz; lqjr&laxzke vkjEHk gqvkA ml le; izxk<+
vkfyuesa iqydk;eku gksuk ;FkkFkZ izrhr gqvk] hM+kds
vfHkizk;ls ns[kusds le; fues"kikr Hkh fo?uhHkwr yxrk
Fkk] vkj&lqkk iku djrs gq, dsfy&dFkk, Hkh d"Vnkf;dk
vuqHkwr gqb] dke&dyk&;qesa vkuUndk vfkxe Hkh
fo?u&lk gh izrhr gqvkA
i|kuqokn
vfr
hM+k&ckfkr vkfyuA
eUn
okrkZ&okfjr
pqEcu
u;u ufer] ofpr eq[k n'kZuA
lq[k vfr] foLe`r jfr&yhyk xqu
388
JhxhrxksfoUne~
mex jgh
jkkk ru&euesaA
foyl jgh e`nq lqeu&'k;uesa
ckycksfkuhizLrqr 'yksdesa dfo t;nso o.kZu djrs
gSa fd vc Jhjkkk vkSj Jhekkoesa fpjdkyls vkdkaf{kr
mudk vfr'k; fiz; lqjr izkjEHk gqvkA ml jfrhM+kds
vkjEHkesa iqydkoyhds izLQqj.kls gh ckkk mRiUu gksrh gSA
vkfyuds vkjEHkesa lkfod jksekpdk gksuk ;qflaxr
gh gSA jksekpls iw.kkZfyuesa ckkk gksuk LokHkkfod gh gSA
dke&hM+kds fy, foyksdu&voyksdu djus ij iydksadk
fxjuk Hkh ckkk izrhr gqbZA vfHkizk; fo'ks"kls ns[kusds
dkj.k iydksadk fxjuk Hkh vlguh; gksus yxkA vkj&lqkk
iku djrs le; dke&dFkk, dguk Hkh vUrjk; izrhr
gqvkA vkjikuesa fiz;kyki Hkh lguh; ugha gksrk gSA
jfr&fiz;kykils vfr'k; #fpj vkjiku yxrk gSA
dke&dykvksals iw.kZ ;qesa vkuUndh izkfIr Hkh ckkk gh
izrhr gqbZA
izLrqr 'yksdesa 'kknwZyfohfM+r NUn gS] ;Fkkla[;
vyadkj gS] laHkksx ukedk k`kj jl gS] izLrqr 'yksddh
Hkwfedk pUgkl uked pkSchlosa izcUkdh gSA
nksH;k la;fer% i;kskj&Hkjs.kkihfMr% ikf.ktS

jkfoks
n'kuS%
{krkkjiqV%
Jks.khrVsukgr%A
gLrsukufer%
dpskjlqkkikusu
lEeksfgr%
dkUr% dkefi r`fIreki rngks dkeL; okek xfr%
vUo;u dsoya izR;wg ,o cUkukfndefi hM+kjEHkdks
oHkwosR;kgdkUr% (Jh".k%) nksH;k (HkwtkH;ka) la;fer%
(fu;fU=r%) i;kskjHkjs.k (i;kskj;ks% Lru;ks% Hkjs.k) vkihfM+r%
(furjka ihfM+r%) ikf.ktS% (u[kS%) vkfo%) fo{kr%)
n'kuS% (nUrS%) {krkkjiqV% ({kre~ vkjiqVa ;L; rkn`'k%)
389
Jks.khrVsu (furEcns'ksu) vkgr% (furjka rkfM+r%) gLrsu

dps (ds'ks) vkufer% (ohr%) vkj&ekqL;Unsu (vkjlqkk&
{kj.ksu vkjke`rnkususR;FkZ%) lEeksfgr% (lE;d~ eksga izkIr%)
lu~ dkefi (vfuokZP;ka) rÌr vki (izkIroku~)_ vgks
(vk'p;Ze~) rr~ (rLekr~) dkeL; xfr% (Lo:ia) okek
(fofp=k)A dkUr;k la;eukfnfHk% ifjHkwrksfi dkUr% dkefi
vfuoZpuh;ka rÌr izkIrLrnrhokwresosfr Hkko%
vuqoknjkfkdkdh ckgksals cks] i;kskj&Hkkjls ncs]
ikf.kt vFkkZr~ u[kksals fc fd;s x;s] nUrksals {kr fd;s
x;s vkjokys] dfV&rV (furEc) ls vkgr] gkFkksals ds'k
idM+dj ufer fd;s x;s] vkj&ekq&kkjkls lEeksfgr fiz;
dkUr Jh".k fdlh yksdkskj vkuUndks izkIr gq,A bl
izdkj dkensodh xfrdks vfr dqfVy dgk x;k gSA
i|kuqokn
ckgq&c] dqpls
vkihfM+rA
n'ku&vkj {kr] Jks.kh rkfM+r
dj iadt dy dqp kzqo kkfjrA
jfr&xfr okek (tx viokfjr)
mex jgh jkkk ru&euesaA
foyl jgh e`nq lqeu&'k;uesa
ckycksfkuhizLrqr i|esa dfo t;nso foijhr jfrdk
o.kZu djrs gq, dg jgs gSa fd dkUr Jh".kus fdlh
ok.khls vxkspj r`fIrdks izkIr fd;k] blhls dgk tkrk gS
fd dkedh xfr oke gS] yksd&iFkls vrhr gSA okeRo
jlkUrjds vkfoHkkZols gqvk gSA ekuks vijkkhdks ohj
jldk vkJ; ysdj els la;eu] ihM+u] csku] {krkgr]
ueu vkSj lEeksgudh voLFkk rd igqpk;k gSA mRlkgds
fLFkj gksusij Hkh dke&;qls fojr ugha gksrsA Jhjkkkus
foijhr jfrds ek;els Jh".kdks vusd izdkjls
390
JhxhrxksfoUne~
nf.Mr&ihfM+r fd;kA viuh Hkqtkvksads cUkuesa mudks

ckk fy;kA i;kskjksads Hkkjls mudks leLr :ils nckdj
ihfM+r fd;k] u[kksals mudks {kr&fo{kr fd;k] nkrksals
muds vkj&iqVdks naf'kr dj fy;k] furEcksals mudks
vkLQkfyr fd;k] izrkfM+r fd;k] gkFkksals ckyksadks idM+
fy;k] vkjksadh ekqkkjkdks iku djrh gqbZ lEeksgudks
izkIr djk fn;kA fdruk vk'p;Z gS!
izLrqr 'yksdesa 'kknwZy&fohfM+r Nan rFkk jlonykj
gSA dqN fo}ku bls ^dkfeuhgkl* uked izcUkdh Hkh laKk
nsrs gSaA
ekjks jfr&dsfy&l~dqy&j.kkjEHks r;k lkgl&

izk;a dkUrt;k; fdfpnqifj izkjfEHk ;RlEHkzekr~A
fu"iUnk t?kuLFkyh f'kfFkyrk nksoZfYy#RdfEira
o{kks ehfyref{k ikS#"kjl% h.kka dqr% fl;fr
vUo;rr~hM+kfo'ks"kekgekjks (dsfyi{ksekj%
enu% v% fpa ;=_ j.ki{ksekj% ekja v% fpa ;=
rfLeu~) jfrdsfylqyj.kkjEHks (jfrdsfyjso lLdqyj.k%
ijLijkgr&laxzke% rL; vkjEHks) r;k (Jhjkk;k) dkUrt;k;
(dkUrL; ijkHkok;) mifj (dkUrL;sfr 'ks"k%) lkglizk;a
(lkglcgqya) ;r~fdfpr~ (vfuoZpuh;a) izkjfEHk (mikUra)
rsu (oSijhR;su gsrwuk) lEHkzekr~ (lEHkze&tfurkr~ vk;klkr~
bR;FkZ%) Jhjkkk;k% t?kuLFkyh fuLiUnk tkrk] nksoZfYy%
(Hkwtyrk) f'kfFkyrk ('yFkk vkyL;tM+k bfr ;kor~)
o{k% mRdfEira (mPpS% dfEira)] rFkkp vf{k (us=;qxya)
ehfyre~ (lqfpre~) vHkwr~_ ;qpSrr~ h.kka (voykuka)
ikS#"kjl% (iq#"k&lEik|O;kikj%) dqr% fl;fr
vuqoknlqjr&hM+k:ih laxkz eds izkjEHk gksuis j Jhjkkkus
dke&Lej vfHkfuos'kds dkj.k lkglls Hkjdj vius dkUr
ij fot; izkIr djusds fy, dqN le; rd Jh".kds
391
o{kLFky ij lEHkzeiwoZd tks foijhr jfr vkjEHk dh]

mlls mudh t?kuLFkyh fu"iUn gks x;h] ckgsa f'kfFky gks
x;ha] o{k%LFky tksj&tksjls dkius yxk] vk[ksa can gks
x;haHkyk fL=;ksadk ikS#"k&jl&vfHkyk"k dSls lQy gks
ldrk gS!
ckycksfkuhtSlk fd iwoksZ o.kZu djrs gq, vk jgs
gSa] mlh ohjlaofyr k`kjdh foo`fk djrs gq, dgrs gSaA
bl 'yksdds iwoZ 'yksdls gh ;q djuk pkfg,A
jfr&dsfyls ladqy j.kds vkjEHkesa oke vaxesa orZeku
Jhjkkkds }kjk lEHkzeiwoZd Lej&lej vfHkfuos'kls la;e
vkfnds }kjk dkUr ij fot; izkIr djusds fy, tks dqN
Hkh lkgl fd;k] blls os iw.kZ :ils Fkd x;haA t?ku&LFkyhds
fu"iUn gksusls og pyusesa vleFkZ gks x;haA nksuksa Hkqtkvksadh
f'kfFkyrkds dkj.k os cUku&izgkj djusesa vleFkZ gks
x;haA o{kLFky tksj&tksjls dfEir gksus yxkA vk[ksa cUn
gks x;ha vkSj ns[kusesa vleFkZ gks x;haA fdlhus Bhd gh
dgkfL=;k vcyk gksrh gSa] muesa ohj jl fdl izdkjls
vk ldrk gS\ ikS#"kRodks vcyk, izkIr ugha dj
ldrhaA
izLrqr 'yksddks dqN fo}kuksads }kjk îkS#"kizse foykl*
uked izcUk ekuk x;k gSA blesa 'kknwZyfohfM+r Nan]
laHkksx&k`kj jl rFkk fo'ks"kksf vyadkj gSA
rL;k% ikVy&ikf.ktkfreqjks fukd"kk;s n`'kkS

fukkZrs kskj&'kksf.kek foyqfyrk%Lrtks ewkZtk%A
dkphnke nj'yFkkpyfefr izkru[kkrS n`'kks&
jsfHk% dke'kjSLrnqreHkwRiR;qeZu% dhfyre~
vUo;vFk lqjrkUrs fp'kksfHkr&oiq&nZ'kZusu fiz;L;
izseksRloekgrL;k% (jkkk;k%) mj% (o{k%LFkya) ikVy&
ikf.ktkfra (ikVyS% ikVydqlqeor~ 'osrjS% ikf.ktS%
392
JhxhrxksfoUne~
u[kS% vfra)] n`'kkS (u;us) fukd"kk;s (fukos'ksu d"kk;s

yksfgrs) vkj&'kksf.kek] (vkjL; 'kksf.kek ykSfgR;a) fukkSZr%
(cgq'k% pqEcukfnuk {kkfyr%)_ ewZtk% (ds'kk%) foyqfyrk%
(vkyqykf;rk%)_ rFkk Lrt% (Lrk% cUku'kSfFkY;kr~
brLrrksxrk% t% ekyk% ;sH;% rkn`'kk%)_ dkphnke
(es[kyk) nj'yFkkpye~ (bZ"kR'yFkizkUrHkkxe~)_ bfr (bRFka)
izkr% (izHkkrs) n`'kks% (us=;ks%) fu[kkrS% (izksfFkrS%) ,fHk%
dke'kjS% (u[kk&tkxj.k&pqEcukfn:iS% enu&ck.kS%) iR;q%
(dkUrL;) eu% dhfyra (fce~)] vgks rr~ vqre~
(vk'p;Ze~) vHkwr~A vU;=kir'kjSjU;n~ fofeR;k'p;Ze~
vuqoknJhjkkkdk mj&LFky u[kksals vafdr gksusds
dkj.k ikVy o.kZdk gks jgk Fkk] fukds vHkkols mldh
n`f"V yky&yky gks jgh Fkh] vkjksadh ykfyek pqEculs
u"V gks x;h Fkh] ds'kksaesa xzfFkr iq"iekyk dqEgyk x;h Fkh]
dejdh djkuh f'kfFky gks x;h Fkh] mlds lehids oL=
[kqy x;s Fksbl izdkj ikp ck.k tks izkr%dky Jh".kds
us=ksaesa Fks] mudks Jhjkkkesa ns[kdj Jh".kdk eu iqu%
dkensods ck.kksals dhfyr gks x;kA dSlh vk'p;Zdh ckr
gS!
ckycksfkuhlaHkksx&yhykdk o.kZu djrs gq, dfo
t;nso dgrs gSa fd lEHkksxdss vUresa Jhjkkkds ikpksa
dke&'kjksads }kjk Jh".k dhfyr gks x;sA fdruh vqr
ckr gS! izkr%dky bu ck.kksads izHkkols Jh".kesa iqu%
dke mwr gks x;kA fiz;ktqds fdu vaxksaesa ip ck.kksadks
ns[kdj Jh".kesa dke mRiUu gqvk\ bldk fun'kZu djrs
gq, dfo dgrs gSa
() iyk'k iq"i ck.kdkehM+kesa Jhjkkkds o{k%LFky
ij jDr&deyds leku vius u[kksals u[k{kr fd;k FkkA
vr% iyk'k iq"i&ck.k gSA
393
() dey iq"i&ck.kjkf=esa lks u ikusds dkj.k

vk[kksaesa d"kk; gks jgk Fkk] vk[ksa yky&yky gks jgh Fkha]
vr% dey iq"i&ck.k gSA
() cUkqtho iq"ick.kJhjkkkds vkjksadh ykfyek
iz{kkfyr gks x;h Fkh] vr% cUkqtho iq"ick.k gSA
() ekyrh iq"i&ck.kjfr&hM+kesa ds'kksads enZuls
iq"iekyk eqj>kdj fuifrr gks x;h Fkh] vr% ekyrh
iq"ick.k gSA
() dqlqekL=ck.kJhjkkkdh es[kyk vkSj vpy
f'kfFky gks x;s Fks] blls dkensods lqo.kZ tkrh; pEik
vkfn ck.kksadks lwfpr fd;k gSA
bu Jhjkkkds vksaesa fo|eku iq"ick.kksadks ns[kdj
Jh".kdk eu Hkh dhfyr gks tkuk LokHkkfod gh FkkA
bu ck.kksaus Jh".kds us=ksads ek;els muds eudks Hkh
vkgr dj fn;kA
izLrqr 'yksddks ^dkekqrkfHkuoe`xk ys[k* uked
izcUk ekuk x;k gSA ogh 'kknwZyfohfM+r Nan gS vkSj
vqrjlksicàfgr k`kj jl gSA
O;kyksy% ds'kik'kLrjfyreydS% LosnyksykS diksykS

fDy"Vk n`"VkkjJh% dqpdy'k#pk gkfjrk gkj;f"V%A
dkphdkfpn~xrk'kka Lrut?kuina ikf.kukPNk|l|%
i';Urh l=ik eka rnfi foyqfyr lzX/kjs;fa kuksfr
vUo;;|fi Jhjkkk;k% ds'kik'k% O;kyksy% ('yFk%
fodh.kZ bR;FkZ%) vydS% (pw.kZdqUryS%) rjfyra (LoLFkkukr~
Hkzaf'kra)_ dikykS (x.MkS) LosnyksykS (Losnsu ?keZtysu
yksykS O;kIrkS)_ n"VkkjJh% (n'ku&{krkkj&'kksHkk)] fDy"Vk
({krk)_ dqpdyl&#pk (LrudqEHk;ks% #pk dkUR;k) LiZ;o
s
gkj;f"V% (eqkgkj%) gkfjrk (ifjHkwrk)_ dkph (es[kyk)
394
JhxhrxksfoUne~
dkphr~ vk'kka (fn'ka) xrk_ rnfi (rFkkfi) b;a (Jhjkkk)

l|% (lifn) ikf.kuk (djs.k) Lru&t?ku&ine~ vkPNk|
foyqfyr&Xkjk (foenr ekY;kkfj.kh vfi) l=ia (jlkos'k&
'kSfFkY;s futkkoyksdukr~ vkReu% hM+kfo'ks"kkos'kdyukr~
lyTta ;Fkk rFkk) eka i';fUr lrh fkuksfr (vR;wRlqda
djksfr) olukfnO;frjsds.k dsoyk'kksHkkn'kZukr~ izh.kufefr
Ks;e~
vuqoknftudk ds'kik'k fc[kj x;k Fkk] vydkoyh
papy gks x;h Fkh] diksy;qxy Losnls vkZ gks x;s Fks]
vkjJhdh 'kksHkk fujLr gks x;h Fkh] dqp&dy'kdh
'kksHkkls eqk&gkjkoyh ijkftr gks x;h Fkh] djkuhdh
dkfUr grk'k gks x;h Fkh_ izkr% ,slh voLFkk ij
DykUrJkUr Jhjkkk vius gkFkksals l|% o{kkst ,oa m#};dks
<dus yxh] yTtkiwoZd Jh".kdks ns[krh gqbZ og viuh
eqXkdkfj.kh dkfUrls Jh".kdks vkuUndkfj.kh tku iM+
jgh FkhaA
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk jfrdkyesa ifjenr gksdj JkUr&
DykUr gks x;h FkhaA tSls gh izkr%dky gqvk] og
yTtkiwoZd tYnh&tYnh vius vksadks vkPNkfnr djus
yxhaA vkPNkfnr djrh gqbZ og Jh".kdks ns[k jgh Fkha
vkSj viuh eqXk&dkfUrls Jh".kdk eu eksg jgh FkhaA
mudk dcjh&cUku [kqy x;k Fkk] vydkoyh bkj&mkj
fc[kj jgh FkhA diksy;qxy ij Losn lw[k tkus ij vusd
kCcs iM+ x;s Fks] fcEc&vkjksadh dkfUr kwfey gks x;h
Fkh] Lru&dy'kksadh dkfUrds iqj%ljesa gkj ,oa dkphdh
dkfUr grk'k gks x;h FkhA dpqdds vHkkols gkjdh
'kksHkk Qhdh iM+ x;h Fkh vkSj fooL= gksusls es[kykdh
dkfUr Hkh kwfey gks x;hA
izLrqr inesa Xkjk NUn gSA
395
bZ"kUehfyrn`f"V eqX/kfoylRlhRdkj/kkjko'kk&
nO;kdqydsfydkdqfodlUrka'kqkkSrkkje~ A
'kkUrLrC/ki;ks/kja Hk`'kifjLokRdqjhn`'kks
g"kksZRd"kZfoeqfu%lgrukskZU;ks k;R;kuue~
vUo;'oklksk&i;kskjksifj&ifj"oh ('oklsu mk;ks%
LQhr;ks% i;kskj;ks% mifj ifj"o% vkfyua fo|rs ;L;
rkn`'k%) kU;% (vkRekua kU;a eU;eku% lkSHkkX;'kkyh
tu%) g"kksRZ d"kZ&foeqffu%lgruks% (g"kksRZ d"kZL; vkuUnkfr'k;L;
foeqDR;k izl`R;k fu%lgk kkqZe'kD;k ruq;ZL;k% rkn`';k%)
dqjhn`'k% (e`xykspuk;k%) dkUrk;k% ehyn~n`f"V (ehyUrh
lqpUrh n`f"V% ;= rr~ vkos'ko'kkr~ eqfnrykspufof'k"V&
feR;FkZ % ) feyRdiks y iq y da (diks y &iq y d&lefUora )
'khRdkjkkjko'kkr~ ('khRdkjL; ;k kkjk vuofPNkrk rL;k
o'kkr~ ) vO;kdq y &ds f y&dkdq & fodlUrka ' kq & kkS r kkja
(vO;k vifjLQqVk vkdqyk vlEcUkk ;k dsfy"kq dkdq%
r;k fodlf% nUrka'kqfHknZUr&izHkkfHk% kkSr% vkj% ;=
rkn`'ka) vkuua k;fr (pqEcfr)
vuqokne`xu;uh Jhjkkkdh vk[ksa dkedsfytU;
vkuUnkfr'k;ds dkj.k dqN&dqN cUn&lh gks jgh Fkha]
vU; izdkjds O;kikjdks lg ldusesa vleFkZ 'kjhjokyh
gks x;h Fkha] eqgqeqZgq% lhRdkj djusds dkj.k vkSj vO;
rFkk vkdqy dsfy&dkdq ofu&fodkjls fodflr nkrksadh
fdj.kksals muds vkj iz{kkfyr gks x;s Fks] izxk<+ vkfyuds
dkj.k muds i;kskj f'kfFky 'oklksPN~oklds dkj.k bZ"kr~
dfEir gks jgs Fksbl izdkjds eq[ke.Mydks dksbZ iq.;'kkyh
gh ns[k ldrk gSA
ckycksfkuhdfo dgrs gSa fd jfrhM+kesa vR;fkd
g"kksZRd"kZ izkIr dj ysusds dkj.k vkyxu] pqEcu vkfnls
foeq gksdj Jhjk/kk ,d izdkjls ijekuUnesa Mwc x;haA
396
JhxhrxksfoUne~
dkekos'kds o'khHkwr muds 'kjhjus vc fdlh Hkh izdkjds

O;kikjdks lg ldusesa vleFkZrk izdV dj nhA jfrdkyesa
ml e`xykspukds i;kskj izxk<+ vkfyuds dkj.k iqydjfgr
dfBu vkSj dqN >qds gq, gks x;sA bl izdkj lqjrkUresa
dkUr Jh".k muds eq[kdks ns[kdj iqujkfyuds }kjk
vkj&ikudh Li`gk djus yxsA us= dqN eqdqfyr gks x;sA
foykl&hM+kds le; muds }kjk ckj&ckj euksgj
lhRdkj djusds dkj.k fudyusokyh vO; ,oa vkdqy
dkdq ofu izLQqfVr gqb vkSj nkrksadh fdj.kksals vkj&iqV
kqy x;sA Jhjkkkds bl izdkjds eq[ke.Mydks dksbZ lqfroku
gh ns[k ldrk gSA ;g lkSHkkX; ;k rks Jh".kdks vFkok
mudh etfj;ksadks gh izkIr gks ldrk gSA
izLrqr inesa 'kknwZyfohfM+r Nan] tkfr vyadkj]
ikpkyh jhfr] ekxkh xhfr] Hkkjrh o`fk vkSj fLFkr
y;;q xku gSA Jhjkkk Jh".kds chp izxk<+ vkfyudks
ô`{kkfk:<+de~* vkfyu dgk x;k gSA
vFk lk fuxZrckkk jkkk LokkhuHkr`ZdkA

futxkn jfrDykUra dkUra e.MuokN;k
vFk lglk lqihz ra lqjrkUrs lk furkUrf[kUukhA
jkkk txkn lknjfenekuUnsu xksfoUne~
vUo;,oa fiz;n'kZukuUnksUekk fiz;a txknsfr rL;k%
LokkhuHkkZ`dkoLFkka o.kZf;";u~ vkgLokkhuHkkZ`dky{k.ka
;FkkdkUrks jfrxq.kk"Vks u tgkfr ;nfUrde~A fofp=&
foHkzeklk lk L;kr~ LokkhuHkkZ`dk bfr lkfgR;niZ.ks
lqjrkUrs (lqjrkolkus) furkUrf[kkkh (vrhoDykUrko;ok)
lk jkkk bfr (mizdkjs.k) eulk fuxnUra (dFk;Ura
fpUr;UrfeR;FkZ%) xksfoUne~ vkuUnsu (vkuUnkos'ksu) lknja
(;Fkk L;kr~ rFkk) bna (o{;ek.ka opua) txkn (morh)
397
vuqoknblds ckn ftldh dke&ckkk 'kkUr gks

x;h gS] ,slh LokkhuHkr`Zdk Jhjkkk vius jfr&Je&DykUr
dkUrls vius k`kjdh dkeukls cksyha
rnuUrj lqjdkyds vUresa vfr f[kUu vaxksaokyh
Jhjkkk vpkud vkuUn vkSj vknjiwoZd JhxksfoUnls dgus
yxhaA
i|kuqokn
ljl lqjfrds vUr] vls fNUu fHkUu gks ckyk
gfjls cksy mBh vk[kksaesa Hkj dj endh gkyk
gs ;nquUnu! n;kuUnu! bruh vuqu; esjh
iw.kZ djks gs vlqjfudUnu! (yxk jgs D;ksa nsjh\)
ckycksfkuhvuUrj nksuksd
a s ijLij vkuUn ,oa lUnksg:i
lqjrds volku ij Jhjkkk xksfoUndks izksRlkfgr djrs gq,
dgus yxhaA lEHkksxds volku ij Jhjkkkds vax vfr'k;
:ils Fkd x;s FksA Jhjkkkus vius dkUr JhxksfoUndks
vkuUne; ns[kk vkSj dgkA
tc Lokeh izhfrijk;.k gks rc gh viuh ckr dguk
lkQY;iw.kZ gksrk gS;g uhfr gSA vr% Jhjkkk lfLer
xksfoUnls tks dgus yxha] mldk o.kZu bl dkO;ds vxys
izcUkesa fd;k tk jgk gSA
xhre~
jkedjhjkx;frrkykH;ka xh;rsA
dq# ;nquUnu! pUnuf'kf'kjrjs.k djs.k i;kskjsA

e`xen&i=de= euksHkoeydy'klgksnjs
futxkn lk ;nquUnus hM+fr n;kuUnuskzqoine~
vUo;n;kuUnus (n;ekuUn;fr LopkiY;su hM+uk;
mUeq[ka djksrhfr n;kuUnu% rfLeu~ fpkkknds) ;nquUnus
398
JhxhrxksfoUne~
(Jh".ks) hM+fr (foylfr lfr) lqjrkUrsfi fphfM+"kksn;kr~

v[k.MyhykRoeqe~ lk jkkk ra izfr futxkn
hM+ule;sfi fiz;izsj.kkr~ fuR;LokkhuHkkZ`dkRos izkkkU;a
|ksfrre~Avf; ;nquUnu (egkdqyksoRosu lokZfr'kkf;&
uked&xq.k&[;kiuk; lEckskufena) ;fn iqueZuksHko&e[kkjEHk%
lEHkofr rnk pUnuknfi f'kf'kjrjs.k_ 'khryRosu vO;xzr;k
dj.k;ksX;rk lwfprk) ro djs.k v= euksHko&ey&dyl&
lgksnjs (euksHkoL; dkeL; ;% eydyl% rL; lgksnjs
rRln`'ks_ eydylksfi ;Fkkfokkusu LFkkI;rs] vrLRoefi
rFkk dq# bR;FkZ%) ee i;kskjs (Lrus) e`xen&i=da
(dLrwfjdk&i=koyha) dq# (jp;)
vuqoknn;dks vkuUn iznku djusokys ;nquUnuds
lkFk hM+k djrh gqbZ Jhjkkkus dgkgs ;nquUnu! pUnuls
Hkh vfr 'khry vius gkFkksals euksHkods ey&dy'kds
leku esjs i;kskjksa ij e`xenls i=d&jpuk dhft,A
i|kuqokn
pUnu&f'kf'kj leku djksals dqp dy'kksa ij esjs]
e`xen i=d lqUnjA lgpj fpf=r djks lcsjsA
gs ;nquUnu! n;kuUnu! bruh vuqu; esjh]
iw.kZ djks gs vlqjfudUnu! yxk jgs D;ksa nsjh\
ckycksfkuhizLrqr inesa n;kuUnu kzqo in gSA
Jh".k Jhjkkkds n;dks vkuUn iznku djusokys FksA
;nquUnu;nqoa'kesa mRiUu gksusokys uUnuUnu Jh".kdks
vius lkFk hM+k djrs ns[kdj Jhjkkk cksyhaeq>s vius
gkFkksals oSlk gh ltk nks] tSls eSa Hkh iwjh&dh&iwjh
".kHkkfor] ".ke;h gwA loZizFke esjs Lru&dy'kksa ij
pUnuds leku 'khry Li'kZls dLrwjhls i=koyhdh jpuk
djksA ey&dy'k i;iw.kZ gksrs gSa] lquhy vkez&iYyoksals
lqlfTtr gksrs gSa] ftUgsa dkensodh fo'o;k=kds le;
399
LFkkfir dj fn;k tkrk gSA bl inls ê;wjind* ukedk

u[k&{kr Hkh O;ftr gks jgk gSA ;gk dLrwjh&i=d
fp=dkjhdk vuqu; fd;k tk jgk gSA
vfydqy&xtu&ltuda jfruk;d&'kk;d&ekspusA
Ronkj&pqEcu&yfEcr&dTtyeqTToy; fiz;ykspus
fut----
vUo;vf; fiz; (izhfrHkktu)] jfr&uk;d&'kk;d&ekspus
(jfruk;dL; enuL; 'kk;dku~ ck.kku~ dVk{kkfn:iku~
eksp;rhfr rFkkss_ dTtykfndefi r=kisf{kreLrhfr Hkko%)
ee ykspus (us=s) vfydqy&xtu&ltuda (vfydqy&
xtua ltu;fr bfr rkn`'ka Hkzej&fudj&frjLdkjdfeR;FkZ%)
Ronkj&pqEcu&yfEcr&dTtye~ (rokkjpwEcusu] yfEcra
xfyra dTtya ) mTty; (mTtya dq # _ iw o Z o r~
foksghR;FkZ%)
vuqokngs fiz;s! jfruk;d dkensods lk;dksadks
NksM+usokyh esjh vk[kksadk dkty rqEgkjs vkjksads pqEculs
xfyr gks x;k gS] vfy&dqydks Hkh frjLr djusokys
dTtydks esjh vk[kksaesa mTToy dhft,A
i|kuqokn
jfr uk;d lk;d ekspu ;s] ykspu vktks fQj ls]
pqEcu xfyr gqvk dty gS] ftl ij HkkSajs rjlsA
ckycksfkuhgs fiz;! gs n;kuUnu! Jhjkkk bl
izdkj vkxs dgrh gSa fd esjh vk[kksaesa uwru dTty
js[kkdks vktksA ;g bruh mTToy gks fd Hkzej&lewg Hkh
frjLr gks tk;A esjs gh dVk{kikrls dkensods ck.k
400
JhxhrxksfoUne~
pyrs gSaA rqEgkjs

dkty QSy x;k
us=ksadk pqEcu Hkh
vk[kksadk vtu
}kjk vkj&pqEcu djusls esjh vk[kksadk

gSA bl inls Jh".kds }kjk Jhjkkkds
vfHkO; gks jgk gSA vki gh rks esjh
gSaA
gs euksgjos"kkkfju~!
u;u&dqj&rj&fodkl&fujkldjs
Jqfre.MysA
euflt&ik'k foyklkjs 'kqHkos'k fuos'k; dq.Mys
fut----
vUo;vf; 'kqHkos'k (lqUnj&os'kkkfju~)] u;u&dqj&
rj&fodk'k&fujkldjs (u;ueso dqj%] rL; rj%
dqnZua rL; ;k fodk'k% LQqj.ka rL; fujkla izR;k[;kua
djksrhfr rfLeu~) euflt&ik'k&foyklkjs (eufltL; dkeL;
;% ik'k% e`x&cUkujTtq% rL; foykla 'kksHkka kjrhfr
rFkkss) dq.Mys (lqjrHkz"Vs bfrHkko%) Jqfre.Mys (d.ksZ)
fuos'k; (ifjkki;)A 'kqHkdekZf.k ros'kL; ro fiz;Rokr~
eekfi rFkk os'kdj.ka ;qfeR;fHkizk;%
vuqokngs 'kqHkos'k! u;u:ih dqj&rjds fodkldks
fujLr djusokys rFkk ;qodksads eudks ckkusokys dkensods
ik'kds leku esjs Jqfre.My ij dq.My kkj.k djkb;sA
i|kuqokn
euflt ik'k foykl dq.Myksadks dkuksaesa kkjks]
gs 'kqHk vax! rjax u;u ij gfj.k oÙndks dkjksA
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk Jh".kls dgrh gSags euksgj&
os"kkkfju~! gs fiz; ihrkEcjkkfju~! gs n;kuUnu! gs
hM+kijk;.k! vki esjs dkuksaesa dkensods ik'kdh 'kksHkkdks
kkj.k djusokys dq.My iguk nhft,A esjs bl Jqfr&e.Myesa
us=:ih fgj.kdh rjdk tks fodkl
tks fo'ks"k o`fk gS] mls Hkh fujLr
eudks eksg ysusokys dq.My iguk
us=ksadh Jqfrxkferk ;q gqbZ gSA e`xds
papyrk |ksfrr gqbZ gSA
401
gS] izs{k.k&fo'ks"kdh
djusokys] ;qodksads
nhft,A bl inls
leku cafderk ,oa
Hkzejp;a jp;Ureqifj #fpja lqfpja ee lEeq[ksA

ftr&deys foeys ifjdeZ; ueZtudeyda eq[ks
fut----
vUo;vf; ukFk ee lEeq[ks (le{keoLFkk;)
ftrdeys (ftra lq"kek&ijkftra deya ;su rkn`'ks) foeys
(fueZys) eq[ks lqfpja (cgq{k.ka O;kI;) Hkzejp;a (Hkzejlewga)
jp;Ura (Hkzej&iafcq tu;Ura) vr,o l[khuka ueZtuda
(ifjgkltuda us=jtufefr Hkko%) vyda (pw.kZdqUrya)
ifjdeZ; (laLdq# fojp; bR;FkZ%) v= eq[kL; deyRosu]
vydL; p HkzejRosu fu:fire~
vuqokneuksgj vkSj vey deyksadks Hkh thrusokys
foey ,oa #fpj esjs eq[k ij ueZ ifjgkl tud Hkzejksadh
'kksHkk izdkf'kr djus okys esjs eq[k ij vki lqUnj
vydkoyhdks xwfFk,A
i|kuqokn
vey dey eq[k ij fi; fc[kjh ;s vydsa lqy>kvks]
jg&jg >we pwe mBrs vfy] budks nwj Hkxkvks!
gs ;nquUnu!
n;kuUnu! bruh vuqu; esjh]
iw.kZ djks gs vlqjfudUnu!
yxk jgs D;ksa nsjh\
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk Jh".kls dgrh gSags ;nquUnu!
esjs eq[kdh 'kksHkkus deyksadks Hkh thr fy;k gSA vki bl
euksgj] foey ,oa vuo| eq[k ij vydksals izlkku
djsaA esjh vydkoyh ueZ&ifjgkl opuksadh tuuh gS vkSj
402
JhxhrxksfoUne~
fuR; fujUrj iksads ij f?kj vk;h HkkSjksadh HkhM+dk Hkze

mRiUu djrh gSA vki gh rks esjs eq[kkjfoUnds dqUry gSaA
izLrqr inesa vyd Hkzej iafds }kjk eq[kidh
mRizs{kk dh x;h gSA vr% ;gk mRisz{kk vyadkj gSA
e`xen&jl&ofyra yfyra dq# frydefyd&jtuhdjsA

fofgr&dy&dya deykuu! foJfer&Je'khdjs
fut----
vUo;gs deykuu (ljkstonu) foJfer&Je&'khdjs
(foJferk vixrk Je'khdjk% JekEcqd.kk% ;= rkn`'ks)
vfyd&jtuhdjs (vfyda yykVa jtuhdj% pUbo rfLeu~)
e`xen&jlsu (dLrwfjdk&os.k) ofyra (jfpra) vr,o
fofgr&dy&dya (fofgrk rk dyL; dyk js[kk ;su
rkn`'ka yykVL; ckypURosu e`xenfrydL; p dy&
dykRosu fu:fira) fryda yfyra (lqUnja ;Fkk rFkk) dq#
(jp;)
vuq o kngs deyyks p u! jfrds Jels mRiUu
LosnfcUnqvksals ;q] e`x&ykNudh 'kksHkk kkj.k djusokys
vZ&pUds leku esjs Hkky ij euksgj dLrwjhls lqUnj
fryd jpuk dhft,A
i|kuqokn
e`xen jlls ofyr yfyr vfr fryd vfyd ij esjs]
jpks] pUdks] Hkkl mBs
T;ksa e`xNk;k gks ?ksjs!
gs ;nquUnu!
n;kuUnu!
bruh vuqu; esjh]
iw.kZ djks gs
vlqjfudUnu!
yxk jgs D;ksa nsjh\
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk Jh".kls dgrh gSags deyonu!
gs n;kuu! esjk yykV pUekds leku gS] vki ml ij
yfyr euksgj fryd jpuk dhft,A bl fryddks
dLrwjhe`xen jlls gh jfp;sA ftl izdkj v"Vehdk
vZpU dy js[kkvksals lq'kksfHkr gksrk gS] mlh izdkj
403
esjs eq[k ij Hkh e`xykaNuds leku esjs fo'kky Hkky ij

fryd LFkkfir dhft,A jfr&dkyesa izokfgr gksusokys
Je&tyd.k Hkh vc 'kq"d&'kkUr gks x;s gSaA ;gk bl
inls iqu% mhiu foHkko Hkh lwfpr gks jgk gSA gs ".k]
vki gh rks esjs lkSHkkX;ds dsUfcUnq gSa] vki gh esjs
yykVds fryd gSaA
ee #fpjs fpdqjs dq# ekun! euflt&ot&pkejsA

jfr&xfyrs yfyrs dqleq kfu f'k[kf.M&f'k[k.Md&Mkejs
fut----
vUo;vf; ekun (lEekuizn) ekult&ot&pkejs
(ekultL; dkeL; ;ks ot% rL; pkejs pkejrqY;s)
jfrxfyrs (lEHkksxkosxsu fodh.ksZ) f'k[kf.M&f'k[k.Md&Mkejs
(f'k[kf.Muks e;wjL; f'k[k.MdL; iqPNL; bo Mkej%
vkVks i ks ;L; rfLeu~ _ ekultotknkokVks i ukfndefi
rnqi;ksX;esosR;FkZ%) vr,o #fpjs (LoHkko&lqUnjs) yfyrs
(euksgjs) ee fpdqjs (dqUrys) dqlqekfu (iq"iekY;a) dq#
(fofuos'k;)
vuqokngs ekun! jfrdkyesa f'kfFky gq, dkensodh
otkds pkejds leku rFkk e;wj&iqPNls Hkh euksgj esjs
euksgj ds'kksaesa dqlqe ltk nhft,A
i|kuqokn
eksj ia[k] pkej ot eufltls lqUnj vydksals]
fxjs lqeu hM+kesa] mudks xwFkks pqu iydksalsA
gs ;nquUnu!
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk Jh".kdks bl inesa êkun* 'kCnls
lEcksfkr djrh gSaA ekun vFkkZr~ eku iznku djusokys
Jh".k] viuh iz;
s fl;ksadks lEeku nsuo
s kys Jh".k] êku|fr*
vFkkZr~ ekfuuh jef.k;ksads ekudks [kf.Mr djusokys Jh".k!
404
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vki viuh 'kksHkkls e;wjksads f'k[k.Md vFkkZr~ e;wjfiPNdks

Hkh frjLr djusokys gSa] esjs ".k&dqUry euksHkods
ot&pejds leku euksgj ,oa #fpj gSa] jfrdkyesa budk
cUku [kqy x;k gS vki buesa dqlqeksadks lqlfTtr dj nsaA
vki gh dqlqe&xqfEQr ds'kik'k cudj egdsaA
ljl&?kus t?kus ee 'kEcj&nkj.k&okj.k&dUnjs A

ef.k&jluk&olukHkj.kkfu 'kqHkk'k;! okl; lqUnjs
fut----
vUo;vf; 'kqHkk'k; (lnk'k;_ 'kqkUr%dj.kL;So
f;kflsLrFkk lEckskua iz;qe~) ljl?kus (ljla jkxkshida
p rr~ ?kua fufcM+a psfr rFkkss) 'kEcjnkj.k&okj.k&dUnjs
('kEcjnkj.k% enu% l ,o okj.kks gLrh rL; dUnjs
xj:is enukoklLFkys bR;FkZ%) LoHkkor ,o lqUnjs ee
t?kus ef.kjlukolukHkj.kkfu (ef.ke;dkpha olue~ vkHkj.kkfu
p) okl; (;FkkLFkkua ifjkki;)
vuqokngs 'kksHku&n;! esjh dkenso:ih enksUek
gkFkhdh dUnjk:ih ljl] lqUnj] lqHkx] fLuXk] LFkwy
t?kuLFkyhdks ef.k] djkuh] oL= rFkk vkHkw"k.kksals vyar
dhft,A
i|kuqokn
ljl t?ku ?ku ij ef.k jluk olukHkj.k Qchys]
igukvks lRoj 'kqHk vk'k;! (dirs u;u ythys!)
gs ;nquUnu!
ckycksfkuhJhjkkk Jh".kls dgrh gSags 'kksHku
n;! gs n;kuUnu! gs izk.kukFk! gs 'kqHkk'k;! vkids
djdey leLr 'kqHkksads vk'k; gSa] vkidk n; vfr
ljl lHkh eyksadk ewy gSA vki esjh t?ku&LFkyh]
Jks.kh&rVdks ef.ke; djkuh] olu ,oa vkHkj.kksals vyar
405
dj nhft,A esjh t?kuLFkyh ljl] fLuXk vkSj lkU gSA

dkenso:ih enksUek gkFkhds fuokl gsrq dUnjkds leku
lqUnj ,oa euksgj gSA vki ;gk oL= ,oa vkHkw"k.k kkj.k
djkb;sA vki gh esjs dfV rVds vyadkj gSaA
izLrqr inesa vuqdwy uk;d gS] izxYHkk ukf;dk gS
rFkk laHkksx k`kj jl gSA
Jht;nso&opfl #fpjs ln;a n;a dq# e.MusA

gfjpj.k&Lej.kke`r&fuer&dfy&dyq"k&Toj&[k.Mus
fut----
vUo;gfjpj.k&Lej.kke`r&r&dfy&dyq"k&Toj[k.Mus
(gfjpj.k;ks% Lej.keso ve`ra rsu ra dfydyq"kTojs.k
;% lUrki% rL; [k.Mua ;su rfLeu~) t;ns (t;a Jh".ka
nnkrhfr t;nLrfLeu~) e.Mus (vykj:is) Jht;nso&opfl
n;a (fpka) ln;a ;FkkL;kr~ rFkk Hkfjliw.k dq#
fLuXkkUr%dj.kL;So ,rPNo.k;ksX;Rokfnfr Hkko%
vuqoknJhgfjds pj.kksads Lej.k:ih ve`rls dfy&
dyq"k&Tojdks fou"V djusokyh] dY;k.knkf;uh] euksgkfj.kh
dfo t;nsodh ok.khdks leyar djusesa vius n;dks
ln; cuk;saA
i|kuqokn
dfydh dyq"k xjy ekjd ;g dfo Jht;nsodh ok.kh]
gfj&pj.kksads Lej.kke`r&lh curh tx dY;k.kh!
gs ;nquUnu!
n;kuUnu!
bruh vuqu; esjh]
iw.kZ djks gs vlqjfudUnu!
yxk jgs D;ksa nsjh\
ckycksfkuhizLrqr v"Vinh Jhjkkk&Hkkodh ,d lqfuf'pr
;kstuk gSA Jhjkkkds izsedh pje ifj.kfr gS fd og
Lo;adks Jh".kesa foyhu dj nsuk pkgrh gS] og
Jh".kds gkFkksals ".ke; cu tkuk pkgrh gSA mldk
406
JhxhrxksfoUne~
n; Jh".kdk gS] mlds oL=] k`kj ,oa vkHkw"k.k lHkh

rks Jh".k gSaA bl v"Vinhesa Jhjkkkds izsedh vuqHkwfrdh
xgjkbZ jl cudj cjlh gSA Jhjkkk dgrh gSags ;nquUnu!
e.Mu vFkkZr~ k`kjds fufek vius n;dks ln;
cukvks] n;kijk;.k gksdj e.Mu cu tkvksA ;g e.Mu
ok.khdk e.Mu t;nsodh iRuhds lkehI;ds dkj.k mRd"kZizn
gks x;k gSA bl v"Vinhdk fo"k; dfo t;nsodh ok.kh
gSA ^p* inls rkRi;Z gS fd tSls Jhjkkkdks lqlfTtr
djusesa vki ln; cusaxs] mlh izdkj esjh ok.khdks Hkh
vyar djusds fy, ln; cu tkb,A vU; inksadks Hkh
t;nsodh ok.kh ,oa Jhjkkkds vyadkjksadk fo'ks"k.k ekuuk
pkfg,A ;g ok.kh gfj&pj.kksads Lej.kdk ve`r gS] tks
dfydkyds dyqf"kr Tojds jks"kdks 'kkUr djusokyk gSA
gfj&pj.k&Lej.k&ve`r gh lHkh ikiksadk [k.Mu djusokyk
gSA ;g ve`r gh dfo t;nsodh ok.kh gSA bl dkO;&
o"kkZe`rdh Le`fr gh lcdk dY;k.k djusokyh gSA
jp; dqp;ks i=f'p=a dq#"o diksy;ks%

?kV; t?kus dkpha eqXktk dcjhHkje~A
dy; oy;Js.k ik.kkS ins dq#uwiqjk&
fofr fuxfnr% izhr% ihrkEcjksfi rFkkdjksr~
vUo;vf; izk.ks'oj ee dqp;ks% (Lru;ks%) i=a
(fp=fo'ks"ka) jp;_ diksy;ks% (x.M;ks%) fp=a dq#"o_
t?kus dkpha ?kV; (ifjkki;)_ tk (eky;k) dcjhHkja
(ds'kik'ka) vp (vyq#)_ ik.kkS oy;Js.kha dy;
(foU;L;)_ ins (pj.ks) uwiqjkS dq# (ifjkki;)bfr
vR;kos'kHkjs.k jkk;k fuxfnr% (vuq#%) ihrkEcj%
(Jh".k%) vfi izhr% lu~ rFkk (Jhjkkksa rkr~
loZeso) vdjksr~ (lEikfnroku~) vfi'kCnsu jrkUroZlu&
O;R;;kHkkosfi rnkKkdj.kkr~ rL;k&[kf.Mr&rnkhuRoa
<+hre~
407
vuqokngs izk.k fiz;! vki esjs dqpksaij i= jpuk

dhft,A esjs diksyksa ij fp=koyh jpuk dhft,] t?ku&LFkyhdks
djkuhls ltk nhft,A ckyksaesa euksgj dcjh cUku
dhft,] gkFkksaesa daxu igukb,] iSjksaesa uwiqj iguk nhft,A
Jhjkkkus bl rjg tks dqN dgk] ihrkEcjkkjh Jh".kus
izlk gksdj oSlk gh fd;kA
i|kuqokn
dqp ij i=] fp= xkyksa ij] t?ku djkuh]
ds'ks lqeu ltkvks] jkkk cksyhgs ihrkEcj os'ksA
dy;&oy; dj] in ef.k uwiqj igukvks gs esjsA
gfj fogls dgfiz;s! leir gw pj.kksaesa rsjs
ckycksfkuhizLrqr 'yksdesa dfo t;nso bl v"Vinhds
lw=ksadh iqu% vorkj.kk djrs gq, dg jgs gSa fd ihrkEcj
Jh".kdks Jhjkkkds }kjk tks dqN Hkh dgk x;k] mUgksaus
izlUu euls lc oSlk gh lEiUu fd;kA ^vfi* inls
?kksf"kr gksrk gS fd Jhjkkkdk tks&tks vHkh"V Fkk]
Jh".kds }kjk oSlk&oSlk k`kj vR;Ur izhfriwoZd lEiUu
gqvkA Jhjkkkdk lkuqu; vkxzg gS fd gs ;nquUnu! Lruksa
ij i=koyhdh fp=dkjh dj nhft,] esjs xkyksa ij edj
vkfn dh fp= jpuk dj nhft,A esjh dejesa vki
djkuh iguk nhft,] esjs ckyksals ekyk fuekZY; gks x;h
gSvki euksgj ekykls esjs ds'kksadks xzaFku dj nhft,]
gkFkksaesa daxu iguk nhft,] esjs iSjksaesa ef.ke; uwiqj iguk
nhft,A Jh".k }kjk ;g iwjk gh k`kj lEikfnr fd;k
x;kvR;Ur izhfr ,oa vkuUnds lkFkA Jh".k gh
Jhjkkkds lEiw.kZ e.Mu cu x;sA
izLrqr 'yksdesa gfj.kh Nan ;Fkk la[;k vyadkj]
izxYHkk ukf;dk] nf{k.k uk;d rFkk k`kj jldk la;ksx
i{k fu:fir gqvk gSA
408
JhxhrxksfoUne~
;n~xkUkoZ&dyklq dkS'kyeuq;kua p ;}S".koa

;PN`kj foosd&ro&jpuk&dkO;s"kq yhykf;re~A
rRlo t;nso if.Mr&dos% ".kSdrkukReu%
lkuUnk% ifj'kksk;Urq lqfk;% JhxhrxksfoUnr%
vUo;vFkksilagkjsfi LokHkh"Vksikluk;k% loksZkerk
fu'p;kos'ksu dk#.;ksn;kr~ r= lfUngkuku~ Hkjfldtuku~
izR;kgHkks% lqfk;% (Jh".kHkfjlksYykflrfpkk% lkko%)
HkoUr% lkuUnk% (vkuUnsu lfgrk% lUr%) ".kSdrkukReu%
(".ks ,drku% ,dkxz% vuU;o`fkfjfr ;kor~ vkRek eu%
;L; rL;_ Jh".kSdkUrHkL;So loZxq.kkJ;RokfnR;FkZ%_
;L;kfLr HkfHkZxoR;fdpus bR;qs%) t;nso&if.Mrsdos%
(i.Mkln&ln~foosfpdk cqf% r;k vfUor% dfo% lRdkO;&
dkkZ_ t;nso ,o if.MrdfoLrL;) JhxhrxksfoUnr% (Jhxhr&
xksfoUn&xzUFkkr~) o{;ek.ka rr~ lo ifj'kksk;Urq (ifj
loZrksHkkosu 'kksk;Urq vk'kkieqk;Z fuf'pUoUrq bR;FkZ%)
rr~ fdfeR;kg;r~ xkUkoZdyklq (lhr'kkks& xhrjkx&
rkykfn"kq) dkS'kya (uSiq.;a) rnso fuoZUkkuqlkjs.k tkuUrq
bR;FkZ%_ u dsoyesrr~] vfi rq ;r~ oS".koa (ososf"V
fo'oa O;kIuksrhfr fo".kq%_ loZO;kiu'khyL; fo".kq% vfpUR;k&
uUr'ks% Lo;a Hkxor% Jh".kL; Hktu&fo"k;da) vuq;kua
(vuqfpUrua LokHkh"V&rYyhykfopkj&lekkkukr~ vuq{k.k&
fpUrufeR;FkZ%) rnfi ,rn~n`"Vso fuf'pUoUrq_ fuR;Ro&
loksZ keRofu'p;kr~ <+hdqoUZ rq bfrHkko% ;nfi k`kjfoosdroa
(r=kfi nq:gxrs% k`kjL;&egkizsejlL; foosds fopkjs ;r~
roa nq:gkfrnq:g&oztyhykxra) rnfi fuf'pUoUrq_ dkO;s"kq
;r~ yhykf;ra (foyflra] jklyhykfn&O;tukfo'ks"k xzFkua)
rnfi ifj'ks"k;Urq ,rnuqlkjs.k fuf'pUoUrq
vuqokntks xkUkoZ dykvksaesa dkS'ky gSas] Jh".kdk
tks ;ku gS] k`kj jldk tks okLrfod ro&foospu gS]
409
Hkxon~yhykdk tks dkO;esa o.kZu gS] mu lcdks Hkxoku~

Jh".kesa ,dkxzfpk j[kusokys fo}ku~ JhxhrxksfoUn uked
dkO;ls vkuUniwoZd ifj'kksku djsaA vFkkZr~ le>sa vkSj
le>k;saA
ckycksfkuhizLrqr 'yksdesa fo}kuksadh izkFkZukds O;ktls
vkReiz'kalk djrs gSaA gs lqkh tuks! t;nso if.Mr
dfodk loZLo xhrxksfoUn gSA vki xhrxksfoUndks gh
le>sa vkSj le>k;saA xhrxksfoUndh Hkh jlokkdh ij[k
djsaA izkekf.kd oLrqdh ij[k vko';d gSA xkUkoZfo|k
laxhr&'kkL=dk gh i;kZ; gSA vr% xkUkoZfo|kesa tks Hkh
fop{k.krk ,oa dq'kyrk gks ldrh gS] bl dkO;esa mls
fyfic dj fn;k x;k gSA JhHkxoku~ lEcUkh oS".ko
lkkukds ;ku&fpUrudh tks 'kq ifj.kfr gS] mldk Hkh
fun'kZu jlesa dj fn;k x;k gSA k`kj jldk tks la;ksx
foizyEHkkfn:ils foospu gS] mldk Hkh loksZR"V o.kZu
blesa fd;k x;k gSA k`kjjl izkku dkO; iz.k;udh tks
yhyk gS] og Hkh blesa mke :ils :ikf;r gqbZ gSA dfo
t;nso Jh".kesa gh vius eu vkSj cqfdks ,dkfUrd
:ils vfHkfufo"V djusokys gSaA mudh ;g jpuk Jh".kdk
,dkxz ;ku djusds fy, gh gSA fo".kqHk dyk&dq'kyrkdh
foosdiw.kZ ro jpuk dh] ;ku&fpUru dh] yhyk o.kZu
dh] loksZR"Vrk ,oa vqrrkdh ifj'kqfdk Lo:i ns[kuk
pkgsa vFkok ij[kuk pkgsa rks bl egku izcUk&dkO;
xhrxksfoUnds ek;els djsaA
lkoh ekohd! fpUrk u Hkofr Hkor% 'kdjs ddZ'kkflA

k{ks L;fUr ds Rokee`r! e`refl {khj! uhja jlLrsA
ekdUn! Un dkUrkkj! kj u rqyka xPN ;PNfk Hkkoa
;koPN`kjlkja 'kqHkfeo t;nsoL; oSnX;okp%
410
JhxhrxksfoUne~
vUo;vFk ^^ksxek'oifguksR;fpjs.k khj** bfr

'kqdksizk;Rokr~ ,rPNo.kdhkZuLej.kkuqeksnuizHkkoekgbg
(e;Zyksds) ;kor~ t;nsoL; opkafl (inkoyh) fo"od~
(loZr%) k`kj&lkjLora (k`kj&jl&lUnHkhZ;a Hkkoa) ;PNfUr
(nnfr) rkor~ gs ekohd (ekks) Hkor% fpUrk lkoh u
Hkofr (ekqjRosfi Rof; ekndRokfnR;FkZ%)_ gs 'kdZjs Roa
ddZjk (djor~ dfBuk) vfl (djor~ izrh;ls bfrHkko%_
ekndRokHkkosfi ro dfBuRokfnR;FkZ%)_ gs k{ks ds Roka
{;fUr (dkseyRosfi fuU|ns'kksoRokfnR;FkZ%)] gs ve`r
Roa e`re~ vfl (ej.kkUrja lqjyksds&izkI;RokfnR;FkZ%)_ gs
{khj rs jl% uhja (uhjor`] vkokZuk|is{kRokr~)] gs ekdUn
(pwr) Roa Un (#fnfg_ Rox"Vkfngs;ka'klkfgR;kr~)_ gs
dkUrkkj (vfryksHkuh;&fiz;kkj)] Roa kjf.krya (ikrkye~
vlqjky;a) xPN (vkksnkrùkeRokr~ rok= fLFkfrjfi u
;qRs ;FkZ%_ Jht;nso&o.kr&ekqjk[;Hkf&jlkLoknfuo`rZ tukLRof;
?k`.kkeso izn'kZf;";Urhfr Hkko%)
vuqoknvjs ekohd (k{kklo)! rqEgkjk fpUru
Bhd ugha gSA gs 'kdZjs ('kDdj)! rqe vfr ddZ'kk gksA
gs k{ks! (vaxwj) rqEgsa dkSu ns[ksxkA gs ve`r! rqe rks
e`r rqY; gksA gs nqXk! rqEgkjk Lokn rks tyds leku gSA
gs ekdUn (ids vke)! rqe vc Unu djksA gs dkUrkds
vkj! rqe vc ikrky pys tkvks] tc rd k`kjds
lkj loZLo 'kqHke; dfo t;nsodh fonXkrkiw.kZ ok.kh gS]
rqEgkjk dksbZ dke ugha gSA
ckycksfkuhizLrqr 'yksdesa dfo t;nsous JhxhrxksfoUn
dkO;dh ekkq;Z oSnXkhdk o.kZu fd;k gSA lkj :iesa
dkO; mTToyre k`kj jldh eaxye;h izLrqfr gS]
bldh ekqjrkdh pkbZ bruh vuqies; gks x;h gS fd
lalkjdh dksbZ Hkh ekqj oLrq blds lkeus Qhdh iM+ xbZ
411
gSA dksbZ Hkh ekqj oLrq lqkh oS".koksads fy, ekkq;Zdk

ifjos"k.k ugha dj ldrhA dfo t;nsods fonXkrkiw.kZ
opu Lo;a gh 'kqHk gSa] lEiw.kZ lkj&ds&lkj gSa] tks lkj gS
og k`kj jl gS vkSj k`kj jldk lkj xhrxksfoUn gSA
tks dqN Hkh 'kqHk vkSj eaxy gS og gS Jh".k vkSj
Jhjkkkdk eaxy pfjrA xhrxksfoUn tSlh jl ekkq;Z oSfp=h
dgha Hkh rks ugha gS] ftldk Hkxo jfldtu vkLoknu
dj ldsaA bu k`kj lkj loZLo opukoyhds lkeus
lEiw.kZ lalkjdk ,dkxzHkwr ekkq;Z kwekf;r gks x;k gSA
uhjl gks x;k gSA xzUFkdkj dgrs gSags ekohd! vaxwjls
cuh efnjk! rqEgkjh D;k fpUrk djsa] rqEgkjh ekqjrk O;FkZ
gSA lTtuksads fy, rqEgkjh ekndrk fdl dke dh\ gs
'kdZjs! rqe ehBh gks rks D;k gqvk] fdruh ddZ'kk gks]
D;k rqe xos"k.kkds ;ksX; gks] rqeesa rks lkj gh ugha gS]
gs k{ks! rqe Mjks er] rqEgkjh vksj D;k dksbZ jfldtu
dHkh ns[k ldrk gS\ gs ve`r! rqEgsa rks xoZ gh ugha
djuk pkfg,] rqe rks ejs gq, gh gks] gs {khj jl (nwk)
eSa jl gw] ;g tkudj xoZ er djks] D;ksafd rqEgkjk jl
rks uhj gh gSA gs ekdUn ids gq, jl Qy] rqEgsa rks jksuk
gh gS] jfldtu rqEgkjk tjk Hkh fpUru ugha djsaxsA gs
dkfeuhds vkj! rqEgkjk Hkh dksbZ LFkku ugha gS] rqe rks
vlqjksads fuokl LFkku ikrkyesa pys tkvksA dkO; jlds
jfldksadks blesa ekkq;Z izrhr ugha gksrkA
izLrqr 'yksdesa Xkjk Nan] vkje;h o`fk] oSnHkhZ
jhfr vkSj xq.kdhrZu ukedk ukVkykj gSA bl xzUFkds
vkfn e; vkSj vUresa ey gh ey gSA vr% ;gk
'kqHk 'kCndk miknku gSA frjLrksinkykj gSA
412
JhxhrxksfoUne~
bRFka dsfyrrhoR; ;equkdwys lea jkk;k

rksekofy&ekkSfdkofy&;qxs os.kh Hkzea foHkzfrA
r=kkfn&dqp&iz;kxQy;ksyIlkorksgZLr;k&
O;kZikjk% iq#"kkskeL; nnrq LQhrka eqnk lEine~
vuqoknbl izdkj ;equk dwyij Jhjkkkds lkFk
fofok dsfy hM+kvksads }kjk fogkj djds Jhjkkkdh
jksekoyh ,oa eqkoyh nksuksa gh iz;kxds laxedk Hkze
mRik dj jgs FksA ml iz;kxds Qy vkkndkjh nksuksa dqp
gSaA mudks izkIr djusdh bPNkokys iq#"kkske Jh".kds
nksuksa gLr deyksaesa leLr O;kikj ikBesa vkSj Jksrkvksadks
vkuUn:i lEifk iznku djsaA
ckycksfkuhdfo t;nso dgrs gSa fd Jhiq#"kkskeds
gLr O;kikj vius ikBdksa ,oa Jksrkvksadks vfr'k;
vkuUn lEifk iznku djsaA bu gkFkksadk ;g oSf'k"V gS fd
;s fuR;&fujUrj os.kh laxeesa vkufUnr gksrs jgrs gSaA
iz;kxdk Qy dqp gSA LokkhuHkr`Zdk Jhjkkkds lkFk
;equkds rV ij Jh".k LosPNkiwoZd vusd izdkjdh
hM+k, djrs gSaA Jhjkkkdh jksekoyh ,oa eqkoyhdk
laxe xaxk&;equk unhds laxe foykldk Lej.k djkrk gSA
jksekoyhdh miek ;equkls dh xbZ gS_ D;ksafd og ".kor~
uhyo.kkZ gSA eqkoyh mTToy gSA vr% mldh rqyuk
xaxkls dh xbZ gSA mudk laxe gh iz;kx gksrk gSA dqp
}; ml iz;kx Lukuds Qy gSa] mldh izkfIr gh Lukuds
Qydh izkfIr gSA uhyh&uhyh ;equkdh kkjk vkSj mtyh&mtyh
ekSfdkoyhds laxeds dkj.k Jhjkkk gh iz;kx gSaA bl
iz;kxds vkuUnizn Qydks izkIr djusdh bPNkls Jh".k
tks gLr O;kikj dj jgs gSa] os O;kikj leLr ikBdksads
fy, vfHko`f'khy vkuUndk fokku djsaA
izLrqr izcUkdk uke ^lqizhrihrkEcj rkyJs.kh* gSA
413
izLrqr 'yksdesa lkax:idkyadkj gh 'kknwZyfohfM+r Naan gS]

LokkhuHkrZ`dk ukf;dk gSA ikpkyh jhfr ,oa xhfr gSA
Hkkjrh o`fk gSA khjksnkk xq.kksals ;q mke uk;d gSA
i;Zhr&ukx&uk;d&Q.kk&Js.kh e.khuka xts

lakUr&izfrfcEc&ladyu;k foHkznfoHkw&izf;ke~A
iknksEHkks#gkkfj&okfjfk lqrke{eka fnn`{kq% 'krS%
dk;O;wgfeokpjkqifprhHkwrks gfj% ikrq o%
vUo;vFk Jhjkkk;k% iwoksZHkkon'kZukr~ rÌrksRd.Bk&
oxqf.Br% Jh".ks us=ckgqY;fePNu~ Jhukjk;.kL; y{ehn'kZua
'ykf?kroku~ bfr Leju~ dfo% vkf'k"ka iz;q~si;Zhr&
ukxuk;d&Q.kk&Js.kh&e.khuka x.ks (i;ZhrL; ukxuk;dL;
'ks"kL; Q.kkJs.;ka ;s e.k;% jRukfu rs"kka x.ks lewgs)
lakUrizfrfoEc ladyu;k (lakUrkuka fefyrkuka izfrfcEckuka
izfrrhuka ladyu;k izlj.ksu) foHkqizf;ka (loZO;kfiHkkoa)
foHkzr~ (kkj;u~) mifprhHkwr% (o` izkIr%) iknkEHkks#gkkfj&
okfjfklqrka (pj.kdey&lsfouh ;k okfjfklqrk y{eh% rka)
v{.kka 'krS% (us='krS%) fnn`{kq% ("VqfePNq%) vr,o
dk;O;wgfeo ('kjhjlewgfeo) vkpju~ gfj% (;q"eku~) ikrq
(j{krq)
vuqoknftl ukx&uk;d 'ks"kjktdks ftUgksaus viuh
'k;k cuk j[kk gS] mldh vla[; Quksadh ef.k;ksaesa
izfrfcfEcr gksusls ftudk foHkqRo foLrkjdks izkIr dj jgk
gS] Jhy{ehth lnSo ftuds pj.k deyksadk laokgu djrh
gSa vkSj ftUgsa os lg&lg us=ksals ns[kuk pkgrh gSa] tks
dk;O;wgdh Hkkfr vusdksa foxzg&Lo:iksaesa LQhr gks jgs gSa]
os Jhgfj vki lcdh j{kk djsaA
RokeizkI; ef; Lo;Ecjijka {khjksn&rhjksnjs

'kads lqUnfj! dkydwVefioew<+ks e`M+kuhifr%A
414
JhxhrxksfoUne~
bRFka iwoZdFkkfHkjU; eulks fof{kI; o{kkspya

ik;k% Lrudksjdksifj feyks=ksgfj% ikrq o%
vUo;,oa fpUr;u~ vR;qPNfyrksRd.B;k rnoyksduk;
rL; oSfp;kiks% iqu% Jhukjk;.k&pfjr&o.kZu&dkSrd
q ekruksfnfr
Leju~ iqu% vf'k"k;frvf; lqUnfj (f=yksdlkSUn;ZlkjHkwrs)
{khjksnrhjksnjs ({khjksnL; {khjlkxjL; rhjksnjs rVe;s) ef;
Lo;aojijka (ensdfpkkfeR;FkZ%) Roke~ vizkI; ew<+% (ro
lkSUn;ZfoeqXk%) e`M+kuhifr% (fxfjtkukFk%) dkydwVa (fo"ka)
vfior~ (o`FkSo es thforfefr eU;eku% r;kxkFkZfefr
Hkko% bfr vga 'ks (lEHkko;kfe)_ ,rsu fxfjtk;k
vfi ik;k% lkSUn;kZfkD;a lwfpre~] bRFka (,oa) iwoZdFkkfHk%
(iqjk.kizflkfHkLrnJqriwokZfHk%) vU;eul% (fofLerfpkk;k%)
ik;k% (y{E;k%) o{kkspya (o{k%LFkeqkjh;olua) fof{kI;
(vilk;Z) Lrudksjdksifj (dqpdqV~ey;ks% mifj) feyks=%
(lakUrn`f"V%) gfj% o% (izsejlKku~ Hkku~ ;q"eku~) ikrq
vuqokngs lqUnfj! ew<+ e`M+kuhifr # {khj&lkxjds
rVij tc rqEgsa izkIr ugha dj lds] rc rqeus Lo;a eq>s
oj.k dj fy;kA bl izdkj iw.kZ dFkkdks euesa Lej.k dj
egkik:ik Jhjkkkds Lru dksjdds ij ftUgksaus us=
Hkj&Hkjdj n'kZu izkIr fd;s] os Jhgfj vki lcdh j{kk
djsAa
JhHkkst&nso&izHkoL; jkek&nsohlqr Jht;nsodL;A

ijk'kjkfncU/kqoxZd.Bs JhxhrxksfoUndfoRoeLrq
bfr Jht;nsorkS xhrxksfoUn lqizhrihrkEcjks uke }kn'k% lxZ%A
vUo;vFk Loekr`fir`Lej.kiwoZda ijk'kjkfner&Kkrkj
,o vL; vfkdkfj.k% bfr rku~ izfr vf'k"k;frJhHkkstnso&
izHkoL; (JhHkkstnso% izHko% tudks ;L; JhHkkstnso&lqrL;)
415
okeknsoh&lqr&Jht;nsodL; (okeknsoh t;nsotuuh rL;k%

lqrL; Jht;nsodL;) ijk'kjkfnfiz;&cUkqd.Bs (ijk'kjknhuka
;s fiz;k% rUerKk% rs"kq vfi ;s cUko% rUerlkj&
Jhjkkkekkojg%&dsfyKkusu cUkqRoa izkIrk% rs"kka d.Bs)
Hkw"k.kor~ loZnk JhxhrxksfoUndfoRoa (JhxhrxksfoUnk[;a
dkO;a) vLrq vusu vL; izcUkL; loZ&osnsfrgkl&iqjk.kkfn&
osk`.kka lEeR;k loZlkjRoa nq:gRop oksfkre~ lxksZ;a
le`fnk[;&lEHkksx&jlkufUnr% ihrkEcj% fiz;kkhuRosu r}.kZ&
olu&fiz;% Jh".kks ;= l bfr lqizhr&ihrkEcjks uke
}kn'k%
vuqoknJhHkkstnsols mRik jkeknsohds iq= Jht;nso
dfo }kjk izLrqr bl izcUk dkO; JhxhrxksfoUndk
dkO;Ro ijk'kj vkfn fiz; cUkqvksads d.Besa lq'kksfHkr gksA
ckycksfkuhJhHkkstnso vkSj Jhjkeknsoh (Jhjkkknsoh)
ds iq= Jht;nsous Hkxoku~ds fiz; Hkksa ijk'kj vkfn fiz;
fe=ksads d.Besa eq[kfjr foHkwf"kr gksusds fy, vkSj iz[kfjr
gksdj xxuesa vuqxaqftr gksusds fy, bl inkoyhdh jpuk
dh gSA jl:i Jh".kds Lej.kesa vuks[ks yhyk&fp= Hk
n;ksaesa lnSo lq'kksfHkr gksrs jgsa] fiz;&fiz;rj&fiz;re&izk.k
loZLo cu tkosaA
lekIrks;a xzUFk%
YYY

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dud fud"k #fp

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