<Pectoral and scapular region Anterior Axioappendicular muscles 1> Pectoralis major : Large, fan-shaped muscle that covers

s the superior part of the thorax Origin Clavicular head: anterior surface of medial half of clavicle Sternocostal end: anterior surface of sternum, superior six costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external oblique muscle Insertion Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus Innervations Lateral and medial pectoral nerves; clavicular head (C5,C6), sternocostal head (C7,C8,T1) Main Action Adducts and medially rotates humerus draws scapula anteriorly and inferiorly Acting alone, clavicular head flexes humerus and sternocostal head extends ir from the flexed position Other features With deltoid muscle, forms the narrow deltopectoral groove (cephalic vein runs) With the clavicle, forms the clavipectoral (deltopectoral) triangle

Pectoralis minor : Triangular muslce lying in the anterior wall of the axilla, covered by pectoralis major - Origin Anterior ends of the 3rd-5th ribs near their costal cartilages - Insertion Medial border and superior surface of coracoids process of scapula - Innervation Medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1) - Main action Stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall - Other features Used when stretching the upper limb forward Assists in elevating the ribs Surgical landmark for structures in the axilla With the coracoids process, forms a bridge under which vessels and n. pass

<Pectoral and scapular region Anterior Axioappendicular muscles 2> Subclavius : small, round muscle lying horizontally, inferior to the clavicle - Origin Junction of 1st rib and its costal cartilage - Insertion Inferior surface of middle third of clavicle - Innervation Nerve to subclavius (C5,C6) - Main action Anchors and depresses clavicle - Other features Affords some protection to the subclavian vessels and the superior trunk of the brachial plexus if the clavicle fractures Resist the tendency for the clavicle to dislocate at the SC joint

Serratus anterior : sawtooth-shaped muscle overlying the lateral part of the thorax Origin External surfaces of lateral parts of 1st-8th ribs Insertion Anterior surface of medial border of scapula Innervation Log thoracic nerve (C5,C6,C7) Main action Protracts scapula and holds it against thoracic wall; rotates scapula Other features One of the most powerful muscles of the pectoral girdle Used in punching or reaching anteriorly