CELL PHONE OPERATED LANDROVER

Himanshu R. Gawari.
T.E, A div Roll no.- 671

Nitish S. Chincholi.
T.E, A div Roll no.- 651

This Seminar
We will talk about
Overview of Robotic systems
Mobile operations Operations of Embedded microcontrollers & parts Applications

We Like to Explore Places, Unmanned

There are Dangerous Zones in the World

Robotics
What is ROBOTICS???? ROBOTS Meaning History and importance Used where???Everywhere

Steps Involved
Working of Mobile phones Working of Microcontrollers and Decoders

Working of DTMF Tones

FREQUENCY

1209 Hz 1 4 7 *

1336Hz 2 5 8 0

1477Hz 3 6 9 #

1633Hz A B C D

697Hz 770Hz 852Hz 941Hz

Advantages of DTMF
DTMF signal consists of a sum of two frequencies one from lower group frequencies and other from higher group It is almost impossible to copy DTMF signal

Avoids the interference of speech and music signals.

Drawbacks of conventional RF robots

Conventional wireless-controlled robots have
Limited Frequency Range Limited Control

Limited Security

Advantage of cell phone

Mobile phone for robotic control has advantages like
Robust control Large coverage area as per service provider No Interference with other controllers

Block Diagram

Further Development

The Brain: The Microprocessor

The decisions are made by a device called a microcontroller or microprocessor. It essentially does the same thing as the microprocessors used in your personal computer, i.e. it runs programs; however it is smaller and simpler.

Embedded Microprocessors Characteristics

Compared to general-purpose microprocessors, the embedded ones:
are smaller and consume less power usually run a couple of routine programs need to have predictable calculation times (imagine your
cruise control acting like your PC!)

need to be failures/crash resistant

Why use Embedded Systems?

They end up being cheaper

They consume significantly less power, which is crucial for handheld devices such as cell phone.
They are easy to program and test, reducing the time-to-market.

Components Used
MT8870 DTMF decoder ATmega16 AVR microcontroller L293D motor driver

DTMF
Dual-tone multi-frequency (DTMF) signaling. Its used for telephone signaling over the line in the voice-frequency band. The version of DTMF used for telephone tone dialing is known as Touch-Tone. Its standardised by ITU-T Recommendation Q.23.

MT8870 DTMF decoder

M-8870 is a full DTMF Receiver. Have both band split filter and decoder functions into a single 18-pin DIP or SOIC package. Manufactured using CMOS process technology M-8870 offers low power consumption Does precise data handling. Its decoder uses digital counting techniques to detect and decode all 16 DTMF tone pairs into a 4-bit code. Has an on-chip differential input amplifier, clock generator, and latched interface bus.

ATmega16 AVR microcontroller

ATmega16 is an 8-bit high performance microcontroller of Atmels Mega AVR family. It has low power consumption. Atmega16 is based on enhanced RISC architecture with 131 powerful instructions. Atmega16 can work on a maximum frequency of 16MHz. ATmega16 has 16 KB programmable flash memory, static RAM of 1 KB and EEPROM of 512 Bytes. ATmega16 is a 40 pin microcontroller. There are 32 I/O (input/output) lines which are divided into four 8-bit ports designated as PORTA, PORTB, PORTC and PORTD.

L293D motor driver

L293D is a dual H-bridge motor driver IC. Motor drivers act as current amplifiers since they take a low-current control signal and provide a higher-current signal. This higher current signal is used to drive the motors. In its common mode of operation, two DC motors can be driven simultaneously, both in forward and reverse direction Enable pins corresponding to the two motors must be high for motors to start operating.

Circuit Description

Working
Car operated by mobile. It uses DTMF tones of mobile which are different for different buttons. These tones are decoded by IC8870 which are then sent to Atmega16 which is programmable. The output from Atmega16 is then sent to motor driver L293D. Finally the output from motor driver is sent to motors.

Programming Framework
C language is used and compiled using CodeVision AVR C compiler. Source program is converted into hex code by the compiler. This hex code into ATmega16 AVR microcontroller.
#include <mega16.h> void main(void) {unsigned int k, h; DDRA=0x00; DDRD=0XFF; while (1) {k =~PINA; h=k & 0x0F; switch (h) {case 0x02: {PORTD=0x89; break;} case 0x08: {PORTD=0x86; break;} case 0x04: {PORTD=0x85; break;} case 0x06: {PORTD=0x8A; break;} case 0x05: {PORTD=0x00; break;}}}}

Applications
Cell-phone operated land rover can be used for different application by changing the design of robot as per requirement Surveillance and Security robots Bomb and Mine detection Police/Law Enforcement Robots Underwater Remote Operated Robots Remote Exploration Robots Hazardous Material Handling Robots Robot Sports Phone Operated Robot Cleaner

Further Improvements
IR Sensors Password Protection Adding a Camera Alarm Phone Dialer
Replacing DTMF Decoder IC CM8870 by DTMF Transceiver IC CM8800

Ongoing Development By Companies

Samsung
VS-RS60 vacuum robot

Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd.

MARON-1 The world's first mobile phone-controlled robot is to be launched in japan . The robot can be made to walk, jump and wave its hands via Bluetooth over a range of up to 10 meters.

Conclusion
After completing we are able to Describe the benefits of autonomous vehicles Have a basic knowledge of embedded systems and why they are useful Also analyzed the use of a cell-phone as a remote. We learnt that with the help of DTMF (Dual Tone Multiple-Frequency) signal, we can control land rover to move in all directions.

References
Wikipedia The free encyclopaedia http://www.8051projects.info/ http://www.instructables.com/ http://www.roboticstrends.com/ DTMF Tester, Electronic For You Magazine, Edition(JUNE 2003) Cell Phone Operated Land-Rover, Electronic For You Magazine, Edition(JULY 2008)