GROSS ANATOMY OF THE BRAIN & CRANIAL NERVES II

HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY

MESENCEPHALON: CEREBRAL PEDUNCLES CORPORA CUADRIGEMINA (COLLICULIES) - 2 SUPERIOR COLLICULIESTO PROCESS VISUAL SENSATION FOR VISUAL REFLEX TO CONTROL REFLEX MOV OF EYES, HEAD & NECK - 2 INFERIOR COLLICULIESTO PROCESS AUDITORY SENSATION FOR AUDITORY REFLEX TO CONTROL REFLEX MOV OF HEAD, NECK, & TRUNK (LOUD VOICE)

CORPUS CALLOSUM- WHITE MATTER. -TO CARRY INFO BETWEEN CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES

FORNIX- TRACTS OF WHITE MATTER THAT CONNECTS

LIMBIC SYSTEM

SEPTUM PELLUCIDUM- IT SEPARATES THE LATERAL VENTRICLES THALAMUS- RELAYS & PROCESSING CENTERS FOR SENSORY INFORMATION INTERMEDIATE MASS- TO CONNECT BOTH SIDES OF THE THALAMUS HYPOTHALAMUS- TO CONTROL EMOTIONS- FEEDING, HUNGER & THIRST CENTERS TO SECRETE HORMONES (ADH, OXYTOCINE)

EPITHALAMUS (PINEAL BODY- OR GLAND)- TO PRODUCE MELATONIN H -SETTING CIRCADIAN RHYTHM -TIMMING HUMAN SEXUAL MATURATION -PROTECTS BRAIN AGAINST FREE RADICALS LOC- LIES POST TO THE ROOF OF 3RD VENTRICLE CEREBELLUMVERMIS- (NARROW BAND OF CORTEX ALONG THE MIDDLINE) - SEPARATES RIGHT & LEFT CERREBELLAR HEMISPHERES ARBOR VITAE- WHITE MATER OF CEREBELLUM

F OF CEREBELLUM- ADJUST POSTURAL MOVEMENTS - BALANCE & EQUILLIBRIUM

THE CEREBELLUM

10

THE CEREBELLUM (ARBOR VITAE)

11

MENINGES

CRANIAL MENINGES (FOR PROTECTION) DURA MATER- ENDOSTEAL LAYER & MENINGEAL LAYER DURAL SINUS DURAL SINUSES CONTAIN BLOOD BELOW THE DURA MATER- SUBDURAL SPACE

ARACHNOID MATER BELOW THE ARACHNOID: SUBARACHNOID SPACE SUBARACHNOID SPACE CONTAINS CSF PIA MATER- FOR NOURISHMENT OF THE CEREBRAL CORTEX
12

CRANIAL MENINGES (CONT)

DURA MATER
FALX CEREBRI- FORMED BY DURA MATER ALONG THE LONGITUDINAL FISSURE - SEPARATES THE CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES SUPERIOR SAGITAL SINUS- VENOUS SINUS WITHIN THE FALX CEREBRI

TENTORIUM CEREBELLI- ON TOP OF THE CEREBELLUM TO SEPARATE THE CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES FROM THE CEREBEBELLUM

13

14

15

VENTRICLES (CONTAIN CSF)

LATERAL VENTRICLES (I & II) (INSIDE THE CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES)

3RD VENTRICLE (BELONGS TO THE DIENCEPHALON), BETWEEN THE

THALAMUS.

INTERVENTRICULAR FORAMEN- ( CONNECTS LATERAL AND

3RD VENTRICLES.

CEREBRAL AQUEDUCT OR MESENCEPHALIC AQUEDUCT OR AQUEDUCT OF SYLVIO. (TO CONNECT 3RD AND 4TH VENTRICLES 4TH VENTRICLE (SHARED BY THE CEREBELLUM, PONS & MO.) CHOROID PLEXUS- PRODUCES CSF
16

17

18

19

CRANIAL NERVES

I- OLFACTORY N- F- SPECIAL SENSORY, TO CARRY OLFACT INFO.

II- OPTIC N- SPECIAL SENSORY, TO CARRY VISUAL INFO

VIII- VESTIBULOCOCLEAR N- SPECIAL SENSORY VESTIBULAR BRANCH- BALANCE & EQUILIBRIUM COCLEAR BRANCH- HEARING

20

21

4/9/2012

III- OCULOMOTOR-MOTORTO CONTROL MOV OF THE MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE EYES (SR m., MR m., IR m., IOm)

IV-TROCLEAR-MOTOR TO CONTROL MOV OF THE MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE EYES (SOmuscle)

VI-ABDUCENS-MOTOR TO CONTROL MOV OF THE MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE EYES (LR m.)

24

26

V-TRIGEMINAL- (MIXED)- MUSCLES OF THE MASTICATION VII- FACIAL-(MIXED)- F- MUSCLES OF FACIAL EXPRESSION & CARRYES MOTOR INFO FOR FACE

27

The Trigeminal Nerves (V)

Figure 1422

28

The Facial Nerves (VII)

Figure 1423

29

30

IX- GLOSOPHARINGEAL N- MIXEDHEAD & NECK X- VAGUS N- MIXEDORGANS IN THORAX & ABDOMEN

XI-ACCESSORY N- MOTORNECK, UPPER BACK, TRAPEZIUS & STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID m. XII- HYPOGLOSAL N- MOTOR- TONGUE MOV

31

The Glossopharyngeal Nerves (IX)

Figure 1425

32

The Vagus Nerves (X)

Figure 1426

33

The Accessory Nerves (XI)

Figure 1427

The Hypoglossal Nerves (XII)

Figure 1427

36

REMEMBER!
GO TO THE TUTORING ROOM AND PRACTICE WITH MODELS. ROOM 3326.

37