Synthesis and degradation of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides

Figure 23-18

Voet, Fundamentals, 3rd

Purines P i

Pyrimidines

Table 3-1

Voet, Fundamentals, 3rd

The b osy t et c o g s o py e biosynthetic origins of pyrimidine ring ato s d e g atoms.

On page 824

Voet, Fundamentals, 3rd

The biosynthetic origins of purine ring atoms

On page 818

Voet, Fundamentals, 3rd

Fig. Ring numbering of pyrimidines (left) and purines (right)

Pyrimidine synthesis

Fig. Structure of orotic acid

Fig. PRPP

5-Phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate

Organism specific differences in pathway regulation

Regulation of pyrimidine biosynthesis. The control networks are shown for (a) E. coli and (b) animals. animals

Fig. 23.8

Voet, Fundamentals, 3rd

Pathway feed-back inhibition of early enzyme by end product

Fig. 12.11

Voet, Fundamentals, 3rd

Coordination of purine and pyrimidine synthesis via aspartate trans-carbamoylase (ACTase)

Feed forward activation by purine end products

Feed back inhibition by pyrimidine end products Speed of reaction is greatly enhanced by ATP, reduced by CTP

Fig. 12.10

Voet, Fundamentals, 3rd

Purine synthesis

5. Step 2. Step p 6. Step 3. Step and ring formation

7. Step and ring formation

4. Step

1. Step N-glycosidic link to PRPP

Voet, Fundamentals, 2nd

Branched pathway for purine biosynthesis

Fig. 23.3

Voet, Fundamentals, 3rd

Control network for the purine biosynthesis pathway

Fig. 24.4

Voet, Fundamentals, 3rd

Major pathways of purine catabolism in animals.

Pyrimidines are degraded to CO2 and NH3 (urea) Uric acid is a major anti-oxidant anti oxidant

Fig. 23.19

Voet, Fundamentals, 3rd

Synthesis of deoxynucleotides

On page 828

Voet, Fundamentals, 3rd

Ribonucleotide reductase is controlled by the cellular redox potential

Fig. 23.12

Voet, Fundamentals, 3rd

Allosteric regulatory binding sites of ribonucleotide reductase

Class I ribonucleotide reductase from E. coli.

Fig. 23.9

Voet, Fundamentals, 3rd

Sequence of events of allosteric regulation of ribonucleotide reductase q g

Nelson, Cox; Principles in Biochemistry, 3rd. Ed.

Thymine formation from uracil

On page 835

Voet, Fundamentals, 3rd

Thymine formation from uracil is a critical bottleneck in DNA synthesis

Fig. 23.16

Voet, Fundamentals, 3rd