SUBMISSION ON

E- Governance

SUB-IT for Management

e-MBA (Insurance)
MET INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES

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SUBMITTED BY

1) DIPEEKA THIKEKAR 0817

2) KHUSHBOO SIPANI 0829

3) PRACHI RATHOD 0845
4) PRIYA MALI 0871

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 CONTENTS
Sr No. Particulars Page No.

1 Meaning 4

2 Purpose 5

3 Mission and Objectives 5

4 E-governance Architecture 6

5 Origins in India 7

6 Value of IT in e-governance 9

7 National e-governance Plan 10

8 e-governance market 10

9 e-governance initiatives 11

10 E-readiness 14

11 Perspective- WebCITI –e governance project (Case Study) 16

12 Recommendation by National Knowledge Commission 20

13 Conclusion 24

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 14 Bibliography 25

MEANING
E-Governance —the use of IT to improve the ability of government to address the needs of
society. It includes the publishing of policy and program related information to transact with
citizens. It extends beyond provision of on-line services and covers the use of IT for strategic
planning and reaching development goals of the government

E-Governance is the public sector’s use of information and communication technologies with
the aim of improving information and service delivery, encouraging citizen participation in the
decision-making process and making government more accountable, transparent and effective.

E-Governance involves new styles of leadership, new ways of debating and deciding policy and
investment, new ways of accessing education, new ways of listening to citizens and new ways of
organizing and delivering information and services.

E-governance may be understood as the performance of this governance via the electronic
medium in order to facilitate an efficient, speedy and transparent process of disseminating
information to the public, and other agencies, and for performing government administration
activities.

E-governance is generally considered as a wider concept than e-government, since it can bring
about a change in the way how citizens relate to governments and to each other.

E-governance can bring forth new concepts of citizenship, both in terms of citizen needs and
responsibilities. Its objective is to engage, enable and empower the citizen.

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PURPOSE
The purpose of implementing e-governance is to enhance good governance. Good governance is
generally characterized by participation, transparency and accountability. The recent advances in
communication technologies and the Internet provide opportunities to transform the relationship
between governments and citizens in a new way, thus contributing to the achievement of good
governance goals. The use of information technology can increase the broad involvement of
citizens in the process of governance at all levels by providing the possibility of on-line
discussion groups and by enhancing the rapid development and effectiveness of pressure groups.
Advantages for the government involve that the government may provide better service in terms
of time, making governance more efficient and more effective. In addition, the transaction costs
can be lowered and government services become more accessible.

MISSION AND OBJECTIVES

With the sole mission of bringing district administration closer to the common people thus
offering efficient and effective services,E governance is evolved with the following objectives.

To provide a friendly, affordable, speedier and efficient interface between the government and
the public.
To ensure greater transparency, efficiency, objectivity, accountability and speed that can help
tackle most of the maladies of the government by providing efficient services to the public.
To provide responsive and transparent services to the citizens of the state.
To provide cost effective service and at the same time improving the quality of service.
To provide a single window for government services at district level.

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E-Governance Architecture

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Page | 7
ORIGINS IN INDIA
E-governance originated in India during the seventies with a focus on in- house government
applications in the areas of defence, economic monitoring, planning and the deployment of ICT
to manage data intensive functions related to elections, census, tax administration etc. The
efforts of the National Informatics Center (NIC) to connect all the district headquarters during
the eighties was a watershed. From the early nineties, e-governance has seen the use of IT for
wider sectoral applications with policy emphasis on reaching out to rural areas and taking in
greater inputs from NGOs and private sector as well. There has been an increasing involvement
of international donor agencies such as DfID, G-8, UNDP, WB under the framework of e-
governance for development.

While the emphasis has been primarily on automation and computerization, state endeavours to
use IT include forays into connectivity, networking, setting up systems for processing
information and delivering services. At a micro level, this has ranged from IT automation in
individual departments, electronic file handling, access to entitlements, public grievance
systems, service delivery for high volume routine transactions such as payment of bills, tax dues
to meeting poverty alleviation goals through the promotion of entrepreneurial models and
provision of market information. The thrust has varied across initiatives, with some focusing on
enabling the citizen-state interface for various government services, and others focusing on
bettering livelihoods.

1. e-Governance in Indian State Governments

e- Governance is a key initiative of some of largest Indian States including Karnataka,
Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Delhi. Karnataka's
Bhoomi project that computerized land records has been one of the most successful e-
Governance initiatives in the country.
Skelta sees huge opportunities in Indian states for the following reasons:
1. Right to Information Act The RTI is being increasingly resorted to as a means of
getting information.
2. Multi-lingual Requirements Skelta DMS-for Paperless Processes is possibly the only
DMS solution that can effectively cater to multi-lingual requirements of Indian e-
Governance initiatives.
3. Funding e-Governance is being increasingly mandated by global funding agencies such
as World Bank and IMF for funded projects.
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2. e-Governance in the Central Government departments in India
Besides the above reasons, Central departments have been at the forefront of e-
Governance and electronic document management for the following reasons:
1. Improving revenue generation e-Governance reduces the scope for corruption and
collusion and improves revenue
collections.
2. Budgetary constraints With the introduction of zero-based budgeting in the eighties,
Indian departments are forced to not just cut costs but provide justification for
continuation of budgetary support.

“E-GOVERNANCE DEMANDS FUNDAMENTAL CHANGES IN THE WAY

GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENTS WORK. REENGINEERING AND
MODERNISING PROCESSES ARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF ANY E-
GOVERNANCE PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION.”
-By S Ramadorai- CEO and MD TATA Consultancy Services (Article published in
Economic times (Monday 30 th June 2008)

The value of IT in governance

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State and central governments have realised the benefits of IT. Four deployments that
highlight the benefits of e-governance in ensuring productivity are detailed by Atanu
Kumar Das

The GRAMSAT project

The Government of India decided to connect different blocks

across Orissa under the ambit of a project called GRAMSAT. To
do this it enlisted the aid of the Indian Research Space
Organisation (ISRO). The National Informatics Centre (NIC) was
assigned the responsibility of setting up a VSAT network in 350 blocks of the
state. After making a thorough technical and commercial evaluation, NIC short-
listed Hughes Technology as the supplier of the VSAT solution for the state-wide block
level network.

The principal applications include the Internet, development information network (DIN)
and the national resource information system (NRIS). The goal was to eradicate illiteracy
in the rural belt.
Hughes Escorts Communications was given the responsibility for
rolling out the entire network including the installation, commissioning
and implementation of the hub and remote sites. A dedicated hub was
established at NIC, Delhi, to cater to the needs of the project. The hub is
operational on a 7 metre Ku Band antenna with Hughes DirecWAY
platform at the baseband level. The present outroute and inroute configurations are 8 and
4 Mbps (aggregate) respectively. The remote sites have DirecWAY 6000 series two-way
broadband VSAT system with 1.2 metre Ku Band antenna and 1 watt Radio Frequency
Transmitter.

The network has been successfully implemented on the DirecWAY platform that offers
various modulation and coding schemes as well as several types of inroute access
methods to give optimum performance for different applications while minimising the
required inroute bandwidth. It also supports several QoS and performance enhancement
features such as spoofing, prioritisation, compression and packet filtering.

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NATIONAL E-GOVERNANCE PLAN
The Government of India has launched the National e-Governance Plan (NeGP) with the intent
to support the growth of e-governance within the country. The Plan envisages creation of right
environments to implement G2G,G2B,G2E and G2C services.
To ensure Interoperability among e-Governance applications, Government of India has setup an
Institutional mechanism for formulation of Standards through collaborative efforts of
stakeholders like Department of Information Technology(DIT), National Informatics Centre
(NIC), Standardization Testing and Quality Certification( STQC), other Government
departments, Academia, Technology Experts, Domain Experts, Industry, BIS, NGOs etc. In this
process there is a provision of formal Public review also.
The e-Governance Standards portal ( http://egovstandards.gov.in ) provides a platform for
password protected sharing of ideas, knowledge, and draft documents among the members of
various committees involved in standards formulation process. It also has a provision for web
publishing of draft documents for review comments by the closed user group and the Public.
The e-Governance market
The Economic Times recently reported that the government in India is emerging as the fourth
largest vertical spender on information technology after the telecom, manufacturing and banking
and finance industries. According to Gartner estimates, the Indian government has spent around
1 billion USD on information technology in 2002. This includes the expenditure of the Central
and state governments on hardware, software, telecommunication equipment,
telecommunication services, and IT services, but excludes salary costs of IT staff. In fact, the
governments accounted for 9 per cent of the total IT spend in India for the year 2002, and in five
years that is estimated to go up to 15 per cent. Though e-government is still in its infancy, over
20 states/union territories already have an IT policy in place. In terms of basic computerization,
police departments, treasury, land records, irrigation and justice are seen as having the maximum
potential.

The Opportunity
The e-governance spend in India is estimated to have spurted by 60% to $480 million in 03-04
from $ 300 million in 02-03. India’s National e-governance Action Plan (NEGAP) has identified
22 projects to be implemented over the next three to four years by both central and state
governments . National Institute of Smart Government (NISG) CEO J Satyanarayan told ET:
“The Rs. 350 crore MCA 21 is perhaps the largest project in the e-governance domain. Growth
in e-governance projects will be characterized by clusters of small projects, customization of

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broad models like eSeva and focus on sectors like lands records management, tax returns filing
and e-procurement.

Nasscom estimates that in the next five years, state governments in India will spend close to Rs.
15,000 crores on computerising their operations. The pressure to be IT-savvy is not only to keep
with times, but comes from a more pragmatic dimension; loans to governments from
multilaterals have now become more or less contingent upon a proper treasury management
system which translates into a computerised system that will tell lending institutions what has
happened to the money that it has lent. Currently, India’s manual treasury systems don’t permit
this with the kind of transparency required.

For governments, the more overt motivation to shift from manual processes to IT-enabled
processes may be increased efficiency in administration and service delivery, but this shift can
be conceived as a worthwhile investment with potential for returns. As is evident in the
celebrated case of Saukaryam (Vishakapatnam, AP), computerization and more efficient back-
end processes can actually imply revenues for governments. Saukaryam is self-sustaining and
does not require government funding. More importantly, the real spin-off is in the enhanced
image of the government as being citizen-friendly.

Some E-governance Initiatives

State/Union Initiatives covering departmental automation, user charge collection,
Territory delivery of policy/programme information and delivery of entitlements
Andhra Pradesh e-Seva, CARD, VOICE, MPHS, FAST, e-Cops, AP online—One-stop-shop
on the Internet, Saukaryam, Online Transaction processing
Bihar Sales Tax Administration Management Information
Chattisgarh Chhattisgarh Infotech Promotion Society, Treasury office, e-linking project
Delhi Automatic Vehicle Tracking System, Computerisation of website of RCS
office, Electronic Clearance System, Management Information System for
Education etc
Goa Dharani Project
Gujarat Mahiti Shakti, request for Government documents online, Form book online,
G R book online, census online, tender notice.
Haryana Nai Disha
Himachal Lok Mitra
Pradesh
Karnataka Bhoomi, Khajane, Kaveri
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Kerala e-Srinkhala, RDNet, Fast, Reliable, Instant, Efficient Network for the
Disbursement of Services (FRIENDS)
Madhya Gyandoot, Gram Sampark, Smart Card in Transport Department,
Pradesh Computerization MP State Agricultural Marketing Board (Mandi Board) etc
Maharashtra SETU, Online Complaint Management System—Mumbai
Rajasthan Jan Mitra, RajSWIFT, Lokmitra, RajNIDHI
Tamil Nadu Rasi Maiyams–Kanchipuram; Application forms related to public utility,
tender notices and display
North-Eastern States
Arunachal Community Information Center. Forms available on
Pradesh,
Manipur, the Meghalaya website under schemes related to
Meghalaya,
Mizoram & social welfare, food civil supplies and consumer affairs, housing transport
Nagaland etc.

Even as e-governance signifies a business opportunity for industry and a strategy for the
government, from a citizen perspective, there exists an overarching concern. Not how much can
be spent, but what could be achieved is really the moot point. Setting up MIS may be an
important and necessary exercise but very often cost-benefit analysis is not done and public
money is used up in avenues that are not meaningful.

A classic example is of buying hardware (like colour laser printers) far in excess of requirements
or buying computers without a clear training plan for staff. There are larger implications of the
absence of visioning. Without a clear vision, huge investments in the name of e-governance may
not really contribute to improve the quality of life of citizens despite huge potential.

MIS systems like DACNET of the Ministry of Agriculture have received flak for being no more
than tools to control agricultural development activities rather than act as a facilitative platform
for informing multiple stakeholders about how agriculture can be developed in India and
supporting them in improving productivity and participating in markets, including global
markets.

Without clear vision, huge investments in the name of e-gov may not really contribute to
improve the quality of life of citizens, despite there being huge potential in this

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How have states in India measured up?

Thanks to e-savvy Chief Ministers like Chandrababu Naidu and S.M. Krishna, e-governance has
become the buzzword for political success and the key enabler to facilitate reforms. However, a
cursory glance at the e-governance map reveals a highly skewed profile. In benchmarking state
initiatives, three independent frameworks of analysis seem possible. These frameworks have
been presented as possible ways to look at governments’ progress and are exploratory.

• Assessing the e-readiness of states

• Assessing the stated commitment through IT policy and actual application by
governments of IT tools toward reaching development goals
• Applying the lens of good governance – the cornerstones of equity, accountability,
transparency, participation, responsiveness, strategic vision, and rule of law - to what is
happening on the ground.

E-readiness

The deployment of IT for furthering the priorities and goals of governance is dependent on many
factors. There are many constraints on realising the presumed potential uses of IT and these
reflect the readiness of governments to appropriate IT for pursuing development. Among the
most obvious and critical is the connectivity factor.

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State/Union Territory Official Website
Andaman & Nicobar (UT) http://andaman.nic.in/
Andhra Pradesh http://www.aponline.gov.in/apportal/index.asp
Arunachal Pradesh http://arunachalpradesh.nic.in/govt.htm
Assam http://assamgovt.nic.in/
Bihar http://bihar.nic.in/
Chandigarh (UT) http://chandigarh.nic.in/
Chhattisgarh http://chhattisgarh.nic.in/
Dadra & Nagar Haveli (UT) http://goidirectory.nic.in/dadra.htm
Daman & Diu (UT) http://daman.nic.in/
Delhi http://delhigovt.nic.in/newdelhi/index.html
Goa http://goagovt.nic.in/
Gujarat http://www.gujaratindia.com/index.htm
Haryana http://haryana.nic.in/
Himachal Pradesh http://himachal.nic.in/
Jammu & Kashmir http://jammukashmir.nic.in/
Jharkhand http://jharkhand.nic.in/
Karnataka http://www.kar.nic.in/govt
Kerala http://www.kerala.gov.in/
Lakshadweep (UT) http://lakshadweep.nic.in/
Madhya Pradesh http://www.mpgovt.nic.in/
Maharashtra http://www.maharashtra.gov.in/
Manipur http://manipur.nic.in/
Meghalaya http://meghalaya.nic.in/
Mizoram http://mizoram.nic.in/
Nagaland http://nagaland.nic.in/
Orissa http://orissagov.nic.in/
Pondicherry (UT) http://pondicherry.nic.in/
Punjab http://punjabgovt.nic.in/
Rajasthan http://www.rajasthan.gov.in/
Sikkim http://sikkim.nic.in/
Tamil Nadu http://www.tn.gov.in/
Tripura http://tripura.nic.in/
Uttar Pradesh http://www.upgov.nic.in/
Uttaranchal http://www.uttaranchalassembly.org/government.html
West Bengal http://www.wbgov.com/e-gov/IntroJpgNew.htm

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PERSPECTIVE
Introduction of E-Governance is the key to making information technology (IT) relevant to
ordinary citizens. E-Governance is a culture, which changes how citizens relate to governments
as much as it changes how citizens relate to each other. It brings forth re-definition of needs and
responsibilities. Though computerization introduced successfully by NIC in different sectors in
the districts has yielded fruitful results, the concept of introducing E-Governance to implement
citizen-IT based applications in the district is the next logical step. WebCITI (Web based
Citizen-IT Interface) is an E-Governance project for building citizen-IT interface for services
offered by district administration at Fatehgarh Sahib in Punjab as a pilot project. Sponsored by
the Department of Information Technology (DoIT) [Earlier MIT (Ministry of Information
Technology)], WebCITI provides web based interface to citizens seeking services from district
administration. These include issuance of certificates such as death/birth, caste, rural area etc;
licenses such as arms license, permission for conferences/rallies etc and benefits from socio-
economic schemes. The Project has been appropriately funded by Govt of Punjab and has been
executed through NICSI/NIC-Punjab State Unit. Department of Information Systems &
Administrative Reforms (DISAR), Govt of Punjab is the nodal office involved in WebCITI.
WebCITI has been augmented with DialCITI (Dialup based Citizen-IT Interface) to provide
status as well as procedural information through telephone. It further extends the cause of
providing efficient, transparent & quick information to the citizens. One can have information on
any services or status of his case or application on phone. DialCITI was necessitated by the fact
that Internet has not yet penetrated the villages. However, the phone access is available at this
level.One can also find information about various schemes and procedures, status of one’s
application etc. through web Interface available through select intranet counters at
developmental block / revenue tehsil and kiosks.
The set of software developed can be implemented as stand-alone versions as well as on
client/server.It facilitates the citizens in interacting with the government.
Application Areas

The following key services are available in WebCITI. These have been identified on the basis of
interactions required by citizens with the district administration.

Property Registration Information System Module (PRISM)

Web based Information Dissemination System for the Public
Arms License
Peshi (Court) Branch of Deputy commissioner

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 Financial Assistance Schemes of the State Govt
Old Age Pension
Financial Assistance to Widows and Destitute Women
Financial Assistance to Dependent Children
Financial Assistance to Disabled Person
Issue of Rural Area certificates
Issue of Caste certificates
Issue of Domicile certificates
Issuance of Death & Birth Certificate
Record and Copying Branch
Freedom Fighter Information - Issuance of Bus Passes
Issuance of Licenses to Cinema Halls, Video Parlours & Guest Houses
Character Verification for New Recruitment
Succession Certificate for Legal Heirs
Certificate to Handicapped persons
Permission for Loud Speaker, Rallies, Conference
Issuance of Marriageability Certificate
Prohibitory Order regarding Liquor, Meat Shop, Processions, imposition of Sec144, Curfew
etc

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Highlights

MIT sponsored; Also funded by Punjab Govt

Members from MIT, IT department-Govt of Punjab, district administration, NICSI & NIC
Punjab to review the project
Technical Execution by NICSI and NIC Punjab State Unit|
Dialup connectivity from Tehsils / Blocks / Villages to district servers
Use existing databases as verification of identity of citizen and property
Query through Interactive Voice Response System
| LAN in Mini Secretariat
Public Information Kiosk in the City
Local language (Gurumukhi)

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 Making information on Schemes, Forms, Procedures available from remote locations and on
Internet
Workflow like systems instead of input/output to facilitate tracking of progress Elimination
of verification and on the spot issue of certificates
Use of Citizen ID to provide unique identification
Linkages with Land Records, Census, BPL, Licenses, Ration Cards, Death and Birth database
Salient Features

Single window system

On Line verification
On the spot delivery, wherever possible
Information/Status on Intranet/ Web
Generation of internal notes & verification forms to minimize delay
Based on Highly specific parametres to facilitate future changes
Business rules in database rather than hard-coded
Provision for entry of old records
Local Language (Gurumukhi)
Computerized acceptance-cum-fees receipt for Applications
Generation of Identity Card/ Passes/ Permissions/ Licenses /Certificates
User administration for each module
Audit of critical activities
MIS Reports
Technologies Used

All the modules of WebCITI have been developed using Visual Basic with SqlServer at the
backend. The web components are hosted on Apache web server and use Java Servlets.

Impact
The project was triggered by successful implementation of PRISM (Property Registration
Information System Module) in the sub-registrar offices, which is a living example of how to
deploy simple innovative ideas using IT tools to automate the procedures and enforcing rules to
avoid scope of misuse and at the same time provide better services to the citizens. On the other
hand it resulted in big jump in revenue collection. Such a large-scale acceptance created scope
for marching ahead to cover more govt services for e-governance. All the modules adhere to
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single window concept in workflow and provide unique application identification. Currently the
access points are at Fateh Garh Sahib-intranet and once data builds up, it will be thrown open to
public through web. In the words of Sh Nirmal Jit Singh Kalsi, IAS, Director cum Secy(IT),
Govt of Punjab, "The main emphasis of WebCITI is on web enabled citizen centric services
coupled with the necessary administrative reforms. For the first time the State Government
decided to provide the government services on the basis of authentication through a Citizen
Data bases to be created on the basis of a house to house survey. The attempt is to bring the
services closer to common people ...."

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 RECOMMENDATIONS ON E-GOVERNANCE
by NATIONAL KNOWLEDGE COMMISSION
After a series of discussions and reviews of various e-governance efforts at the Centre and
State levels, the National Knowledge Commission formed a special group, under the
chairmanship of Nandan Nilekani, to study e-governance. The report of this group was
discussed at the Planning Commission and presented to the Minister for communications and
information technology and the Minister’s staff. Thereafter, several discussions were held
with other stakeholders including the Administrative Reform Commission. Based on these
discussions we are convinced that e-governance is more about an opportunity for
administrative reforms than merely about electronics and information technology and
infrastructure. We are pleased to submit our recommendations on e-governance which
broadly relate to Processes & Standards, Infrastructure and Organization as follows:

1. Government process reengineering before any computerization—

At present the egovernance efforts are primarily based on computerizing age-old processes left
behind by British Raj and compounded by a plethora of new layers and silos by Indian
bureaucracy, each working within departmental boundaries and pet-priorities. As a
result we are computerizing cumbersome processes and hence not commensurately
benefiting from it. Simply digitizing the existing government processes merely adds
an additional layer of expense, complexity, delay and confusion. In our judgment, now
is a unique opportunity in the history of India to leave behind the British Raj and reengineer
and modernize Government processes to build a new India of the 21century. Hence it is essential
that we first redesign the government processes keeping the citizen at the centre, providing
hassle-free enablement of citizens, businesses, producers and consumers, replacing the old
mistrust and control regime from the British Raj. This redesigning of government processes will
drastically reduce the numbers and duration of successive steps required to obtain services. It
will also provide traceable records; enable enforcement of individual performance,
accountability, efficiency, productivity as well as transparency of policies and
processes.

2. 10 to 20 Important Processes and Services —

To make an immediate impact on citizens it is critical to identify and simplify important
processes and services, say 10 to 20 to begin with, which are currently cumbersome,
bureaucratic and prone to unnecessary delays and even corruption. These processes can be
simplified and made available as web-based services. Initially, these services could include birth
certificate,
death certificate, proof of residence, ration/ ID cards, etc. Other processes can be
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added over a period of time. This approach will require each state to implement these
processes in concert and learn from each other.

3. Common Standards—
At present various state governments are doing their own thing to selectively computerize their
processes and provide e-governance. Many of these programmes are vendor driven and not
scalable. It is critical to develop and enforce citizen/business entitlement standards uniformly
over all states and central ministries and functions, spanning from voting, taxes, certificates,
financial products, lawenforcement and welfare for individuals, properties of land, institutions,
businesses etc. These standards should not be hardware-centric and vendor dependent but should
enable easy participation by any State, Panchayat Institution, business, NGO or citizen,whenever
they decide. These standards, templates and data formats must be designed carefully by teams of
experts drawn from government, IT companies, academia, R & D institutions and
users/stakeholders who understand latest trends, technology, software, user interfaces and
interoperability requirements. We recommend these new standards be followed by all state
governments. At the same time, we are conscious of the need to incorporate some of the
standards followed by state governments.

4. Best Practices and Lessons from the Past—

A great deal of work has already been done in various central ministries and in state
governments. The key is to learn from these and design best practices that are affordable and
applicable nationwide to ensure ease of use and interoperability. We note that the government’s
own offices, laboratories, directorates etc., have immense amount of useful and relevant data
(e.g.seven centres of the National Bureau of Soil Science and Land Use Planning
NBSSLUP), which needs to be digitized and made publicly accessible for use and
analysis. This requires making the data collected by one agency, available across all
agencies as well as the public, subject to their sensitivity to national security.

5.National Infrastructure—
It is important to provide nationwide secure broadband infrastructure and associated hardware,
software and hosting facilities with easy access at all levels. This infrastructure should be based
on user-pays principle and Public- Private partnership in investments and mutual accountability
and efficiency. This infrastructure creation should be led by the central government to enforce a
high level of security, uniformity and standards at every interface, regardless of state language,
culture, legacy and financial health.

6. Web-based Services—
To enforce standards and to keep the governance uniformly responsive and transparent, it is
recommended that state governments use templates created by the central government to offer

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localised data and services in Indian languages. In this model, the private sector can invest in
creation of accessinfrastructure and building relevant business models for user-fee collection and
its sharing across all stakeholders, to ensure sustainability and adaptation for future
needs. This also implies that all public institutions will make sure that all public data is
available on the web.

7. Open Source Software —

Because of the enormous size and scope of the egovernance effort in India and because of the
availability of globally recognized software talent of Indians, we must actively encourage
wherever possible open source software implementations and open standards. This will allow us
to have cost-effective solutions and help develop open software products and standards. It will
also help improve scaling up as well as minimize delays caused by repeat tendering.

8. Specialist CITO (chief information technology officer)—

Each state and major central government departments must create an empowered chief
information technology officer, with relevant expertise and skills in the domain subject and IT
usage. These posts must be filled on open recruitment and draw the best and the
brightest from India’s technologically qualified talent. These officers should be paid
market salary and have a three year contract with the government, renewal of which
will be dependent on performance
.
9. New National Programmes—
As government plans to spend hundreds of thousands of crores on Bharat Nirman, rural
employment guarantee scheme, urban development initiatives etc., it is recommended that we
mandate that each of these programmes begin with well engineered e-governance
implementation and web-interface that ensures speedy delivery, productivity and efficiency. It is
recommended to invest 1 to 2 percent of the national program budget in establishing new
processes and associated e-governance infrastructure to improve delivery and reduce leakages.

10. Focused Organization—

For national e-governance to succeed it is critical to create an appropriate central organization
with structures that can operate in mission mode, with full autonomy and accountability. It is
recommended that we create an organization with a CEO, with board members drawn from IT
industry and government to redesign processes and procedures, to represent multiplicity of
stakeholders and diversity in domain expertise, and to drive the national e-governance
plan with facilitation from the CIT Ministry. The task of this organization shall include but not
be limited to;
a) Administrative reforms related to process reengineering

b) Providing and maintaining common national ICT infrastructure for egovernance:

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c) Providing leadership and framework for implementation with immediate
focus on selected mission mode projects ; and

d) Providing neutral consulting framework and standards for e- governance

with the help of CITOs We need to reengineer our processes first, to change our basic
governance pattern for simplicity, transparency, productivity and efficiency, select 10 to 20
important services that make a critical difference, offer web-based services, develop common
standards and deploy common platform/infrastructure for e-governance to make it citizen-
centric. As a next step we recommend focusing on the organizational issues related to
reengineering government processes with strong committed leadership, autonomy, flexibility,
clarity of purpose, predefined deliverables, measurable milestones and periodic monitoring in
order to implement national e-governance programme within 3 to 5 years.

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 CONCLUSION
For e-governance to succeed in India , the most important change that needs to take place within
government i.e. at the central ,state and municipal level-is not an understanding of technology or
an ability to leverage it or even the need to reinvent the government processes and systems. It is
all about changing mindsets.
For e-governance to make a tangible difference to the lives of the millions of un-served and
under-served in our country ,the government has to switch from a mindset of procurement where
technology is seen as input to one where it is focused on outcomes and services. Therefore, use
of technology in government has to be less about ordering PCs and servers but rather what one
can do with them in terms of making government more efficient.
What is required at this stage in India’s government sector is a strategic shift from the
commodity-based IT approach to a mature solution or service based approach. The government
sector need to start procuring IT services rather than procuring hardware and softwares. Within
this new approach, the IT related needs of government organization are addressed in conjunction
with an IT partner, and after a through consultation process.
This Public-Private-Partnership (PPP) model for managed services enables government to
concentrate on core, mission critical value-adding activities while moving technology-related
requirement to IT professionals(IT Partner)

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY

WEBSITES
1) http://www.egovindia.org/
2) http://egovstandards.gov.in/
3) http://www.expresscomputeronline.com/20050131/egovernance01.shtml
4) http://dqindia.ciol.com/content/top_stories/103101501.asp

From Newspapers-Articles
Economic Times Mumbai-6th April 2006.
Economic Times Mumbai-30th June 2008.

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