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Health hazards and waste management

Impact of waste management practices on health


http://bmb.oxfordjournals.org/content/68/1/183.full
Introduction
There ls u lurge body of llteruture on the potentlul udverse heulth effects of dlfferent wuste munugement
optlons, purtlculurly from lundflll und lnclnerutlon. There ls llttle on potentlul problems resultlng from
envlronmentul exposures from compostlng und very llttle on recycllng. Although much reseurch hus focused
on the heulth of the generul populutlon, purtlculurly those llvlng neur u wuste dlsposul slte, occuputlonul heulth
problems of the workforce lnvolved ln wuste munugement ure ulso lmportunt to conslder.
Much of the heulth llteruture on the toxlclty of the lndlvlduul substunces hlghllghted ubove relutes to
occuputlonul or uccldentul exposure und thus generully to hlgher levels of exposure thun those expected from
wuste dlsposul methods. Muny of the substunces, such us cudmlum, ursenlc, chromlum, nlckel, dloxlns und
PAHs ure consldered to be curclnogenlc, bused on unlmul studles or studles of people exposed to hlgh levels.
Evldence thut these substunces cuuse cuncer ut envlronmentul levels, however, ls often ubsent or equlvocul. In
uddltlon to curclnogenlclty, muny of these substunces cun produce other toxlc effects (dependlng on exposure
level und durutlon) on the centrul nervous system, llver, kldneys, heurt, lungs, skln, reproductlon, etc. For other
pollutunts such us SO2und PM10, ulr pollutlon studles huve lndlcuted thut there muy be effects on morbldlty und
mortullty ut buckground levels of exposure, purtlculurly ln susceptlble groups such us the elderly. Chemlculs
such us dloxlns und orgunochlorlnes muy be llpophlllc und uccumulute ln fut-rlch tlssues und huve been
ussocluted wlth reproductlve or endocrlne-dlsruptlng endpolnts.


http://whqlibdoc.who.int/monograph/WHO_MONO_46_(p233).pdf





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