COrrelation SpectroscopY

By Shyamala.R 20009305045

2D NMR
So far the NMR spectral methods we have discussed have been one dimensional (since they have a single chemical shift x coordinate axis). With the development of more advanced spectroscopic methods as computational power has increased, it has become possible to obtain two dimensional spectra.

 In two dimensional experiments, both the x and the y axes have chemical shift scales and the 2D spectra are plotted as a grid like a map. Information is obtained from the spectra by looking at the peaks in the grid and matching them to the x and y axes.

 In a normal pulsed experiment the 90 excitation pulse is followed immediately by an acquisition phase in which the FID is recorded and the data are stored in the computer. In experiments that use normal pulse sequences such as DEPT a preparation phase is included before the data acquisition.

WHY 2D NMR??
1D protein spectra are far too complex for interpretation as most of the signals overlap heavily. By the introduction of additional spectral dimensions these spectra are simplified and some extra information is obtained.

1D NMR SPECTRUM OF A PROTEIN

COSY NMR
Of the many types of two-dimensional experiments, two find the most frequent application. One of these is H-H Correlation Spectroscopy, better known by its acronym, COSY. In a COSY experiment, the chemical shift range of the proton spectrum is plotted on both axes.

 In COSY the application of two 90 pulses to a spin system will give a signal which varies with time t1 where t1 is the time between the two pulses.

HOW TO INTERPRET A COSY SPECTRUM??

The first thing to note about the spectrum is the proton NMR spectrum of the compound being studied is plotted along both the horizontal and vertical axes and each axis is calibrated according to the chemical shift values. The COSY spectrum shows distinct spot on a corner extending from the upper right corner of the spectrum down to the lower left corner.

 By extending vertical and horizontal lines from each spot on the diagonal you can easily see that each spot on the diagonal corresponds with the same peak on each coordinate axis. The diagonal peaks serve only as reference points. The important peaks in the spectrum are the off diagonal peaks.

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