Mixtures can be separated into their constituents by using physical methods (i.e. nochemical reaction involved).

Separation techniques are physical methods. Which techniqueto use depends on the different properties of the constituents? That is, different states,solubility, boiling and melting points. Below lists some of the most common separationtechniques:

Chromatography To separate different coloured dyes. The dyes travel up thechromatography paper at different distances before they cannot remain in solution.The more soluble dyes move further up than the less soluble ones, hence sep Mixtures can be separated into their constituents by using physical methods (i.e. nochemical reaction involved). Separation techniques are physical methods. Which techniqueto use depends on the different properties of the constituents? That is, different states,solubility, boiling and melting points. Below lists some of the most common separationtechniques: Chromatography - To separate different coloured dyes. The dyes travel up thechromatography paper at different distances before they cannot remain in solution.The more soluble dyes move further up than the less soluble ones, hence separatingfrom each other. Distillation - to separate and collect a liquid from a solution of a soluble solid. Thesolution is heated in a flask until the liquid boils. The vapor produced passes into thecondenser where it is cooled and condenses to a liquid. The pure liquid (distillate) iscollected in a beaker.

Evaporatio n - This method is suitable to

separate a soluble solid from a liquid. If thesolutio

n is heated, the liquid evaporate s

leaving th e solid behind.

Fractional Distillation

- This is a special type of distillatio n used to

separate amixture of liquids. Differen t liquids

boil at different temperat ures. When

heated,th ey boil off and condense at

different times. The apparatus features

afraction ating column, which ensures

that only the liquid boils at its boiling point will

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arating