Module A Distinctive Voice: Speech by Speech Study Notes

Speaker: Title of Address: Date and Occasion:

Speakers background: class occupation values ideology education significance of speech to own life significance of occasion to own career Exigence (need or urgency): occasion for speech/ issue raised prevailing opinions of time/social majority opposing arguments of time/social minority Immediate Audience: reception what were the values, needs, bias, goals, fears motives of audience? Secondary Audience: reception what were the values, needs, bias, goals, fears motives of audience? Variations in reception: how has the speech been received by different audiences? Why? Constraints: who had power to speak at time? who had power? what political and/or ideological constraints existed at the time? what social, or cultural constraints were there?

Purpose: main aims of speech salient (main) claims data/evidence (statistics, testimony) counterarguments and their refutations

Organisation: clarity of purpose how does the structure help make the speech persuasive? how does the speaker combine purpose, ideas and evidence? Style: how is language used to reflect ideas? how is language used to influence the audience? how do exigence and context influence language choices? what effect does the style of delivery have on the success of speech? Historical and Rhetorical Value: importance at time lasting importance of speech value as example of effective rhetoric does the speech still help us understand historical events, ideas, issues, values and power today? does the speech have relevance to us today? Distinctive Voice: Links to other speeches/ Thesis ideas