Engineering Formulas

Nominal Design Parameters

Chillers: 2.4GPM/Ton @ 10 F
12,000 BTU/HR/Ton 20 F - 60 F Standard Supply Range Rating at 50 F Supply Temperature 85 F Water Cooled Condenser 95 F Air Cooled Condenser

T Flow Rate

Cooling Tower = 15,000 BTU/HR/Ton

3 GPM per Ton 85 F Leaving Water Temperature 95 F Entering Water Temperature 78 F Wet Bulb Tower water make-up requirements: Untreated 2% of flow rate Treated 1.5% of flow rate

Weighted Water Test Chiller Ton = GPMx (Delta Temp) 24

Injection Molding 30#/hr H.D. Polyethlene = 1 ton 35#/hr L.D. Polyethlene = 1 ton 35#/hr Polypropylene = 1 ton 75#/hr PVC = 1 ton 50#/hr ABS= 1 ton 50#/hr Polystyrene= 1 ton 40#/hr Nylon= 1 ton 35#/hr Acrylic= 1 ton 40#/hr Polyurethane = 1 ton 50#/hr Acetal= 1 ton 40#/hr PPO= 1 ton 40#/hr PET= 1 ton 50#/hr Polycarb= 1 ton

Tower Ton = GPMx 30 Chiller Sizing

Extrusion 45#/hr H.D. Polyethlene = 1 ton 45#/hr L.D. Polyethlene = 1 ton 45#/hr Polypropylene = 1 ton 75#/hr Polystyrene = 1 ton 75#/hr PVC = 1 ton Blown Film 105 CFM (50 F @ 78 F WBT)= 1 ton Blow Molding

T (Delta Temp)

40#/hr Polyolefins= 1 ton

Chiller Capacity Loss/Gain

Decrease nominal tonnage by approximately 2% per degree below a 50 F leaving water temperature. Increase nominal tonnage approximately 2% per degree above 50 F leaving water temperature up to 55 F

Other Equipment

Air Compressor w/no after cooler =.1 ton/Hp Air Compressor w/after cooler =.2 Ton/Hp Vacuum Pump =.1 ton/Hp Hydraulic Cooling =.1 ton/Hp Barrel Cooling =.1 ton/in screw Dia. Hot Runner Mold = 1 ton/10.5KW Water Pump in Circuit =.2 Ton/Hr Feed Throat 400Ton Machine or above 1 Ton Below 400 Ton - 1/2 Ton

Extrusion Equipment
Gear Box Cooling =1 Ton/100Hp Feed Throat 3" Screw or Less =1 Ton Above 3" Screw =2 Tons Barrel or Screw Cooling =1 Ton/Inch of Screw Diameter

Pipe Sizing Guide

(Based on 5' - 7' feet/second velocity) 1/2" = 6 GPM 3/4" = 10 GPM 1" = 15 GPM 1 1/4" = 30 GPM 1 1/2" = 40 GPM 2" = 70 GPM 2 1/2" = 100 GPM 3" = 150 GPM 4"= 275 GPM 6" = 600 GPM 8" = 1,000 GPM

Metric Conversion Chart To Convert

Unit Volume US GPM Liters/Min 3.785 US GPM Cum/Hr CFM CFM .2271 FT/Lb/SEC Watts KW BTUH

To Convert
Power 1.356 342 33475 2545 .7457

Liters/Min 28.317 Cum/hr 1.6992 Unit Weight

Boiler HP BTUH HP HP BTUH KW

Lb/Ft Lbs/Sq in Lbs/Sq in Lbs/Sq in Lbs/Sq in

Kg/m gr/sq cm kPA

1.4881 70.31 6.894 BTU BTU/LB BTU/SQ FT BTU/CU FT Kg-cal Kg-cal gr-cal/sq cm Kg-cal/Cum Weight Grains Ounces* LBS grams grams kg .0648 28.350 .4536 Heat .252 .5556 .2713 8.899

Kg/Sq Cm .07031 gr/cu cm 27.68 Length

Inches Feet Yards Miles

cm meters meters km

2.540 .3048 .9144 1.609

Volume Cu. Inches Cu. Inches cu cm liters 16.387 .01639 .02832 28.317

US tons US Tons

kg Tonnes

907.2 .9072 1016 Area

Long Tons kg

Cu Feet cu meter Cu Feet liters

SQ Inches sq cm SQ Years sq meters SQ Miles sq km

6.452 .8361 2.590

Cu Years cu meters .7646 Fl cu cm 29.57 Ounces US cu meters .003785 Gallon US liters 3.785 Gallon

*Auoirdupois pounds and ounces Temperature

F 0 5 10 C -17.8 -15 -12.2 F 35 40 45 C 1.7 4.4 7.2 F 15 20 30 C -9.4 -6.7 1.1 F 50 55 60 C 10.0 12.8 15.6

F to C = (F - 32) x .55 =C Flow Rate Vs. Temp Differences Per Ton

C to F = (C x 1.8) + 32 =F % Ethylene Glycol by Volume vs Freeze Protection

1.2 GPM = 20 F 2.4 GPM = 10 F 4.8 GPM = 5 F 9.6 GPM = 2.5 F

10% 25F 20% 15F 30% 0F 40% -15F 50% -40F Abbreviations, Equivalents & Formulas T T T T

T = Delta Temperature = Temperature Differential PSI = Pounds per square inch 1 Cooling Tower Ton= 15,000BTU/HR GPM = Gallons per Minute EWT = Entering Water Temperature LWT = Leaving Water Temperature BTU = British Thermal Unit BTU/HR = GMP x 500 x . T (water) 1 HP = 2544 BTU/HR Ft. H.D. = PSI x 2.31 Q=4.5 x CFM x H = BTUH (Air Cooling) 1 Refrigerant Ton = 12,000 BTU/HR 1 Gallon = 8.33 lbs (water) 1 Cubic Foot = 7.48 gallons 1 Mil = .001" 1 Bar = 14.7 PSI 1 KW = 3413 BTU/HR 1 KW = 1.34 HP PSI= Ft of head/2.31 KW = Amps x Volts x 0.85 x 1.73 1,000

Pump HP= . GPM x P (Ft.H.D) . 3960 x (0.65 to 0.75) (Pump Eff)

Head in Feet to PSI Conversions calculator Filtration Chart

Mesh 4 8 10 14 18 20 25 30 Micron 5205 2487 1923 1307 1000 840 710 590 Inches 0.2030 0.0970 0.0750 0.0510 0.0394 0.0331 0.0280 0.0232 Mesh 80 100 120 140 170 200 230 270 Micron 177 149 125 105 88 74 62 53 Inches 0.0070 0.0059 0.0049 0.0041 0.0035 0.0029 0.0024 0.0021

35 40 45 50 60 70

500 420 350 297 250 210

0.0197 0.0165 0.0138 0.0117 0.0098 0.0083

325 400 550 800 1250

44 37 25 15 10 5

0.0017 0.0015 0.0009 0.0006 0.0004 0.0002