Solutions & notes INDIAN ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICS TEACHERS NATIONAL GRADUATE PHYSICS EXAMINATION 2003 Part A - Marks 150 1. (©). The period of oscillation is T =2n-V(mk). When the spring is cut into half its length kis gets changed to 2k. 2. (b),(c) and (4). The frequency is only 10 Hz 3. ) 4, Sorry there has been a printer’s devil in this question. The correct answer is 16 and the number is not one of the options. This question will be therefore be treated as. non existing in the question paper. (d). All the others are postulates of kinetic theory of gases @), (0). (a),(b),(c) and (4) (© wea aM 9. @ 10. (b) 1.) 12. (b) The light handed circularly polarized light may change to right handed circu- larly polarized light and vice versa. 13. (a),(b),(d) (The potential at all points on the y-z plane is zero) 14.) é ee 15. (a), (b), (@) 16. (b) For a given power transmitted the current is less when the voltage is more. The heat loss due to joule heating in the transmission lines is reduced when the current is low. 17.) 18. (c) This the principle of hot-wire ammeter. Heat produced being proportional to square of the current, the direction of the current does not come into consideration 19. ),(0) 20. (a) 21. (a) 22. (©),(d) 23.(b) 24. (b),(d) 25. (c) Part B1 - Marks 50 1 Because of Rayleigh’s scattering light short wave lengths (blue end of the spectrum) get scattered more, Day light is deficient in blue color. The added ‘blue’ compensates for this loss. The manipulation the effective length of the filament decreases. The resistance of the filament decreases. The bulb now draws more current. More heat is produced and hence more light.It is a second order lever. Actually a pair of second order levers. The fulcrum is at the center of the blade of the screwdriver the load is at the ends of the blade and the power is at handle. The mechanical advantage is more than 1 4, From the principle of conservation of momentum Mv + 0 = Mx + My (assuming x and y to be velocities of the steel balls after collision) => v = x + y. From the law of conserva- tion of energy (1/2)Mv = (1/2)Mx?+ (1/2)My? => v = x2 +2, For the two equations to be consistent x = 0 and y= v. This principle is used in nuclear reactors (moderator). Protons in water are used to reduce the speed of fast neutrons coming out of nuclear fission due to collision. 5. The surface being tested is concave in the region. In the Newton’s rings set up rings are finer at the edges. The surfaces used to form the Newton’s rings being convex surface and a plane surface. 6. Airy’s disc is a series of concentric alternate dark and bright circular rings with a bright circular spot at the center. This is due to diffraction of light in a circular aperture. The objective lens of telescopes or microscopes are circular apertures and form diffraction patterns of the objects being seen. Rayleigh’s criteria for the limit of resolution is that the diffraction patters of the two close by objects being viewed should be such that the central bright spot of one object is formed at the first minimum (first dark ring) of the diffraction (Airy’s) pattern of the second object. Then the two objects will be just re- solved, 7. Any one: could be a windmill, gobar gas plant. If a student admits that he/she has not seen one some credit will be given for that answer also for stating the truth. 8. Breeder reactors generate fissionable material (more fuel) during their operation. One of the functioning breeder reactor in India is located at the Indira Gandhi Center for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Kalpakkam near Chennai. (The reactors being contemplated at Koodangulam in Tamilnadu are also breeder reactors.) 9. Meghnad Saha ~ I Theory of thermal ionization. 2. Estimation of temperature of stars including the sun from measurements made on the spectra of ionized gases in them. 3. Treatise on Heat and Thermodynamics. 4. Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics (SINP), Kolkata. (any one of these will be sufficient) Homi J Babha ~ I Cascade theory in cosmic rays. 2. Father of the atomic energy of program of Government of India. 3. Atomic Energy Establishment of India later named as Babha Atomic Research Center (BARC), 4.Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) (any one of these will be suificient). Babulal Saraf— 1.Experiments he had created to teach Physics in the laboratory 2. Center for Development of Physics Education (CDPE), Jaipur, 3. One of the former presidents of APT (any one of these will be sufficient), Jayant Narlikar 1. Steady state theory in Cosmology. 2.Inter University Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics (TUCAA), Pune. 3. Giant Microwave Radio Telescope (GMRT), Pune. 4, Popularization of science in Marati and English (any one of these will be sufficient). Alladi Ramakrishnan 1.Theoretical Physics, theory of elementary particles, (Symmetry in Particle Physics) 2. Institute of Mathematical Physics, (MATSCIENCE), Chennai, (any one of these will be sufficient) 10. Nuclear Science Center (NSC) — New DelhiRaman Research Institute (RRI) ~ Bangalore Giant Microwave Radio Telescope (GMRT) ~ Pune Indira Gandhi Center for Atomic Research (IGCAR) ~ Chennai Part B2— Marks 100 . 1 The pressure difference between inside and out side is mg/nr?, (300 x 10°)10 / 3(0.5 x 10°)°= 4 x 10° Pa. The atmospheric pressure being 0.1 Pa. The cooking has taken place at 4.1 atmospheric pressure. 2. Total KWH = (40 x 5 x 30)/1000 + (60 x 10 x 30/1000 + (0.5 x 750 x 0.5 x 30)/1000 + (0.25 x 750 x 12 x 30)/1000 = 6 + 18 + 5.625 + 67.5 = 97.125 3. L/L, = d,¥d_?= (5/100)°= 1/400, The more distant star is 400 times brighter. 4, (x/5) = 1.3/1.4, x = 4.64 em. The image after refraction at the interface of the first and second liquid appears at a depth of 4.64 cm below the interface. For refraction at the top surface (y/9.64) = I/1.3, y= 7.42 cm. The apparent depth of the final image is 7.42 cm from the top surface. 5. Sin 8 = Ninh, 0.5 =Nx 2x 625 =NX3 xd. 2= 1250/3 = 417 N=0.5/2x 625 x 10°=4 x 10°lines per meter or 4000 lines per cm. 6. The frequency of the transmitted beam is (3 x 10*)/(50x102)= 6 x 10*Hz = 6 x 10° KHz. The Doppler shift is 1 KHz the speed of the approaching plane is given by (2v/c) = (1/6 x10°), v= (3 x 10° (2.x 6 x 10) = 250 mi/s.Note: The frequency of the wave received by the plane is increased similarly since the plane is a moving source the frequency of wave received is increased. Hence the factor 2. 7. Conservation of energy: If T, & T, are the initial and final kinetic energies of the « particle, T, the kinetic energy of Li nucleus then T, =TFT, ay Conservation of momentum: If p, and p, are the momentum of the «. particle Before and after the collision and p, the momentum of the Li nucleus after collision, if and 6 are the angles that the direction of motion of the particles make with the initial direction of motion of theo: particle p, SinO - p, Sin = 0 ... (2) and p, =p, Cos® + p, Cosh ... (3) Squaring and adding (2) and (3) remembering that @' + = 60, Cos 60 = (1/2), the relation ship T = p?/2M and the ratio of masses of Li and the particle is 3/2 one can show that T,, = (24/25) T, = 5.82 MeV. 8. (A) by connecting a shunt of (1/99) ohm (B) by connecting a series resistance of 999 ohm 9. R= (5/6) ohm The configuration reduces to a set of three 2.5 ohm resistors connected in parallel as in figure. 4 oH ol -O— 10.() 1,1,0 gives an out put 0, (ii) 1,0,1 gives an out put I, (ii) 0,0,1 gives an output of 1 A =D p> CY JALHIND