Halliday/Resnick/Walker Fundamentals of Physics 8th edition

Classroom Response System Questions

Chapter 3 Vectors
Reading Questions

3.2.1. Which of the following parameters, if any, is not a vector? a) acceleration b) displacement

c) average velocity
d) all are vectors

e) none are vectors

3.2.1. Which of the following parameters, if any, is not a vector? a) acceleration b) displacement

c) average velocity
d) all are vectors

e) none are vectors

3.2.2. Which of the following parameters, if any, is not a scalar quantity? a) temperature b) distance c) average speed d) instantaneous velocity e) all are scalars

3.2.2. Which of the following parameters, if any, is not a scalar quantity? a) temperature b) distance c) average speed d) instantaneous velocity e) all are scalars

3.2.3. Which one of the following statements is true concerning scalar quantities? a) Scalar quantities have both magnitude and direction. b) Scalar quantities must be represented by base units. c) Scalar quantities can be added to vector quantities using rules of trigonometry.

d) Scalar quantities can be added to other scalar quantities using rules of trigonometry.
e) Scalar quantities can be added to other scalar quantities using rules of ordinary addition.

3.2.3. Which one of the following statements is true concerning scalar quantities? a) Scalar quantities have both magnitude and direction. b) Scalar quantities must be represented by base units. c) Scalar quantities can be added to vector quantities using rules of trigonometry.

d) Scalar quantities can be added to other scalar quantities using rules of trigonometry.
e) Scalar quantities can be added to other scalar quantities using rules of ordinary addition.

3.2.4. Which one of the following quantities is a vector quantity? a) the age of the pyramids in Egypt b) the mass of a watermelon

c) the sun's pull on the earth

d) the number of people on board an airplane

e) the temperature of molten lava

3.2.4. Which one of the following quantities is a vector quantity? a) the age of the pyramids in Egypt b) the mass of a watermelon

c) the sun's pull on the earth

d) the number of people on board an airplane

e) the temperature of molten lava

3.2.5. Which one of the following situations involves a vector quantity? a) The velocity of the rocket was 325 m/s, due east. b) The overnight low temperature in Toronto was 4.0 C. c) The volume of the soft drink can is 0.360 liters. d) The mass of the Martian soil probe was 250 kg. e) The light took approximately 500 s to travel from the sun to the earth.

3.2.5. Which one of the following situations involves a vector quantity? a) The velocity of the rocket was 325 m/s, due east. b) The overnight low temperature in Toronto was 4.0 C. c) The volume of the soft drink can is 0.360 liters. d) The mass of the Martian soil probe was 250 kg. e) The light took approximately 500 s to travel from the sun to the earth.

3.2.6. A vector is represented by an arrow. What is the significance of the length of the arrow? a) Long arrows represent velocities and short arrows represent forces. b) The length of the arrow is proportional to the magnitude of the vector. c) Short arrows represent accelerations and long arrows represent velocities. d) The length of the arrow indicates its direction. e) There is no significance to the length of the arrow.

3.2.6. A vector is represented by an arrow. What is the significance of the length of the arrow? a) Long arrows represent velocities and short arrows represent forces. b) The length of the arrow is proportional to the magnitude of the vector. c) Short arrows represent accelerations and long arrows represent velocities. d) The length of the arrow indicates its direction. e) There is no significance to the length of the arrow.

3.3.1. Consider the two vectors represented in the drawing. Which of the following options is the correct way to add graphically vectors a and b ?

3.3.1. Consider the two vectors represented in the drawing. Which of the following options is the correct way to add graphically vectors a and b ?

3.3.2. Consider the two vectors represented in the drawing. Which of the following options is the correct way to subtract graphically vectors a and b ?

3.3.2. Consider the two vectors represented in the drawing. Which of the following options is the correct way to subtract graphically vectors a and b ?

 3.3.3. The horizontal and vertical components of vector v are v xand v y ,

respectively. Which one of the following statements concerning the sum of the magnitudes of the two component vectors is true?

a) vx + vx = 0 b) The sum of the magnitudes of the two components is greater than the magnitude of v . c) The sum of the magnitudes of the two components is less than the magnitude of v. d) The sum of themagnitudes of the two components is equal to the magnitude of v.

e) The sum of the magnitudes of the two components is less than or equal to magnitude of v.

 3.3.3. The horizontal and vertical components of vector v are v xand v y ,

respectively. Which one of the following statements concerning the sum of the magnitudes of the two component vectors is true?

a) vx + vx = 0 b) The sum of the magnitudes of the two components is greater than the magnitude of v . c) The sum of the magnitudes of the two components is less than the magnitude of v. d) The sum of themagnitudes of the two components is equal to the magnitude of v.

e) The sum of the magnitudes of the two components is less than or equal to magnitude of v.

 3.3.4. The horizontal and vertical components of vector v are v x and v y ,

respectively. Which one of the following statements concerning the vector sum of the two component vectors is true?

a) The sum of the magnitudes of the two components is greater than the magnitude of v . b) The vector sum of the two components is greater than the magnitude of

v.

c) The vector sum of the two components is less than the magnitude of v. d) The vector sum of the two components is equal to the magnitude of v.
e) The vector sum of the two components is less than or equal to the magnitude of

v.

 3.3.4. The horizontal and vertical components of vector v are v x and v y ,

respectively. Which one of the following statements concerning the vector sum of the two component vectors is true?

a) The sum of the magnitudes of the two components is greater than the magnitude of v . b) The vector sum of the two components is greater than the magnitude of

v.

c) The vector sum of the two components is less than the magnitude of v. d) The vector sum of the two components is equal to the magnitude of v.
e) The vector sum of the two components is less than or equal to the magnitude of

v.

3.4.1. Which one of the following statements concerning vectors and scalars is false? a) In calculations, the vector components of a vector may be used in place of the vector itself.

b) It is possible to use vector components that are not perpendicular.

c) A scalar component may be either positive or negative.

d) A vector that is zero may have components other than zero.

e) Two vectors are equal only if they have the same magnitude and direction.

3.4.1. Which one of the following statements concerning vectors and scalars is false? a) In calculations, the vector components of a vector may be used in place of the vector itself.

b) It is possible to use vector components that are not perpendicular.

c) A scalar component may be either positive or negative.

d) A vector that is zero may have components other than zero.

e) Two vectors are equal only if they have the same magnitude and direction.

 3.4.2. A , B , and, C are three vectors. Vectors B and C when added together equal the vector A . In mathematical form, A B C . Which one of the following statements concerning the components of vectors B and C must be true if Ay = 0?
a) The y components of vectors B and C are both equal to zero. b) The y components of vectors B and C when added together equal zero.

c) By

Cy = 0 or Cy

By = 0

d) Either answer (a) or answer (b) is correct, but never both.

e) Either answer (a) or answer (b) is correct. It is also possible that both are correct.

 3.4.2. A , B , and, C are three vectors. Vectors B and C when added together equal the vector A . In mathematical form, A B C . Which one of the following statements concerning the components of vectors B and C must be true if Ay = 0?
a) The y components of vectors B and C are both equal to zero. b) The y components of vectors B and C when added together equal zero.

c) By

Cy = 0 or Cy

By = 0

d) Either answer (a) or answer (b) is correct, but never both.

e) Either answer (a) or answer (b) is correct. It is also possible that both are correct.

 3.4.3. Vector r has a magnitude of 88 km/h and is directed at 25 relative to the x axis. Which of the following choices indicates the horizontal and vertical components of vector r ? rx ry
a) +22 km/h +66 km/h b) +39 km/h +79 km/h c) +79 km/h +39 km/h d) +66 km/h +22 km/h e) +72 km/h +48 km/h

 3.4.3. Vector r has a magnitude of 88 km/h and is directed at 25 relative to the x axis. Which of the following choices indicates the horizontal and vertical components of vector r ? rx ry
a) +22 km/h +66 km/h b) +39 km/h +79 km/h c) +79 km/h +39 km/h d) +66 km/h +22 km/h e) +72 km/h +48 km/h

 3.4.4. Vector a has components ax = 15.0 and ay = 9.0. What is the

approximate magnitude of vector a ? a) 12.0 b) 24.0 c) 10.9 d) 6.87 e) 17.5

 3.4.4. Vector a has components ax = 15.0 and ay = 9.0. What is the

approximate magnitude of vector a ? a) 12.0 b) 24.0 c) 10.9 d) 6.87 e) 17.5

 3.4.5. Vector a has a horizontal component ax = 15.0 m and makes an angle = 38.0 with respect to the positive x direction. What is the magnitude of ay, the vertical component of vector a ?
a) 4.46 m

b) 4.65 m
c) 5.02 m

d) 7.97 m
e) 14.3 m

 3.4.5. Vector a has a horizontal component ax = 15.0 m and makes an angle = 38.0 with respect to the positive x direction. What is the magnitude of ay, the vertical component of vector a ?
a) 4.46 m

b) 4.65 m
c) 5.02 m

d) 7.97 m
e) 14.3 m

3.5.1. Which one of the following statements concerning unit vectors is true? a) The magnitude of a unit vector is always equal to 1. b) A unit vector always points in the direction of motion. c) The magnitude of a unit vector sometimes equals zero. d) A unit vector depends on the units of measurement used and is a method for tracking the units throughout a calculation. e) Unit vectors are predominantly used in mathematics, but seldom used in physics.

3.5.1. Which one of the following statements concerning unit vectors is true? a) The magnitude of a unit vector is always equal to 1. b) A unit vector always points in the direction of motion. c) The magnitude of a unit vector sometimes equals zero. d) A unit vector depends on the units of measurement used and is a method for tracking the units throughout a calculation. e) Unit vectors are predominantly used in mathematics, but seldom used in physics.

3.5.2. A delivery truck leaves a warehouse and travels 2.60 km north. The truck makes a right turn and travels 1.33 km east before making another right turn and then travels 1.45 km south to arrive at its destination. Express the displacement of the truck from the warehouse using unit vectors, where north is the +j i direction and east is the direction. a) d 1.33i + 1.45j

b) d 1.15i + 1.33j c) d 1.33i + 1.15j

d) d 1.33i + 2.60j

e) d

2.60i + 1.45j

3.5.2. A delivery truck leaves a warehouse and travels 2.60 km north. The truck makes a right turn and travels 1.33 km east before making another right turn and then travels 1.45 km south to arrive at its destination. Express the displacement of the truck from the warehouse using unit vectors, where north is the +j i direction and east is the direction. a) d 1.33i + 1.45j

b) d 1.15i + 1.33j c) d 1.33i + 1.15j

d) d 1.33i + 2.60j

e) d

2.60i + 1.45j

 3.6.1. Vector A has scalar components Ax = 35 m/s and Ay = 15 m/s. Vector B has scalar components Bx = 22 m/s and By = 18 m/s. Determine the scalar components of vector C A B .
Cx a) 13 m/s b) 57 m/s c) 13 m/s d) 57 m/s e) 57 m/s Cy 3 m/s 33 m/s 33 m/s 3 m/s 3 m/s

 3.6.1. Vector A has scalar components Ax = 35 m/s and Ay = 15 m/s. Vector B has scalar components Bx = 22 m/s and By = 18 m/s. Determine the scalar components of vector C A B .
Cx a) 13 m/s b) 57 m/s c) 13 m/s d) 57 m/s e) 57 m/s Cy 3 m/s 33 m/s 33 m/s 3 m/s 3 m/s

 3.6.2. Vector A
a) + i j

+ 5j and vector B 2i 4 Determine the 3i j. vector that results from the operation A B .

b) 5i
c) i

9j
j

i d) + 9j

j e) 5i +

 3.6.2. Vector A
a) + i j

+ 5j and vector B 2i 4 Determine the 3i j. vector that results from the operation A B .

b) 5i
c) i

9j
j

i d) + 9j

j e) 5i +

3.7.1. How are the unit vectors chosen for a given coordinate system? a) The unit vectors are always chosen using the six common directions of north, east, south, west, upward, and downward. b) The unit vectors are always chosen to represent the directions with respect to a printed page with the directions, left, right, upward, downward, into the page, and out of the page. c) The unit vectors are chosen in any convenient manner because the relations of vectors are not dependent on the choice of the origin or the orientation of the axes, which are perpendicular to one another. d) The unit vectors are chosen in any convenient manner, regardless of the orientation of the unit vectors with respect to one another.

3.7.1. How are the unit vectors chosen for a given coordinate system? a) The unit vectors are always chosen using the six common directions of north, east, south, west, upward, and downward. b) The unit vectors are always chosen to represent the directions with respect to a printed page with the directions, left, right, upward, downward, into the page, and out of the page. c) The unit vectors are chosen in any convenient manner because the relations of vectors are not dependent on the choice of the origin or the orientation of the axes, which are perpendicular to one another. d) The unit vectors are chosen in any convenient manner, regardless of the orientation of the unit vectors with respect to one another.

3.8.1. Which of the following statements concerning the multiplication of a vector by a scalar is true?

a) A vector cannot be mathematically multiplied by a scalar.

b) When a vector is multiplied by a scalar, the result is a scalar product.

c) When a vector is multiplied by a scalar, the result is a vector product.

d) When a vector is multiplied by a scalar, the result is a vector that is perpendicular to the original vector. e) When a vector is multiplied by a scalar, the result is a vector that is parallel to the original vector.

3.8.1. Which of the following statements concerning the multiplication of a vector by a scalar is true?

a) A vector cannot be mathematically multiplied by a scalar.

b) When a vector is multiplied by a scalar, the result is a scalar product.

c) When a vector is multiplied by a scalar, the result is a vector product.

d) When a vector is multiplied by a scalar, the result is a vector that is perpendicular to the original vector. e) When a vector is multiplied by a scalar, the result is a vector that is parallel to the original vector.

3.8.2. Which of the following statements concerning the multiplication of a vector by a number n < 1 is true?

a) A vector cannot be mathematically multiplied by a scalar.

b) The result is a vector that is larger than the original vector and oppositely directed. c) The result is a vector that is smaller than the original vector and oppositely directed.

d) The result is a vector that is larger than the original vector and rotated by 90 counterclockwise.
e) The result is a vector that is smaller than the original vector and rotated by 90 counterclockwise.

3.8.2. Which of the following statements concerning the multiplication of a vector by a number n < 1 is true?

a) A vector cannot be mathematically multiplied by a scalar.

b) The result is a vector that is larger than the original vector and oppositely directed. c) The result is a vector that is smaller than the original vector and oppositely directed.

d) The result is a vector that is larger than the original vector and rotated by 90 counterclockwise.
e) The result is a vector that is smaller than the original vector and rotated by 90 counterclockwise.

3.8.3. In which of the following situations does the scalar product of two vectors have the largest value? a) The vectors are perpendicular to each other. b) The angle between the two vectors is forty five degrees. c) The angle between the two vectors is sixty degrees. d) The angle between the two vectors is zero degrees. e) The angle between the two vectors is ninety degrees.

3.8.3. In which of the following situations does the scalar product of two vectors have the largest value? a) The vectors are perpendicular to each other. b) The angle between the two vectors is forty five degrees. c) The angle between the two vectors is sixty degrees. d) The angle between the two vectors is zero degrees. e) The angle between the two vectors is ninety degrees.

3.8.5. In which of the following situations does the magnitude of the vector product of two vectors have the largest value? a) The vectors are parallel with each other. b) The angle between the two vectors is forty five degrees. c) The angle between the two vectors is sixty degrees. d) The angle between the two vectors is zero degrees. e) The angle between the two vectors is ninety degrees.

3.8.5. In which of the following situations does the magnitude of the vector product of two vectors have the largest value? a) The vectors are parallel with each other. b) The angle between the two vectors is forty five degrees. c) The angle between the two vectors is sixty degrees. d) The angle between the two vectors is zero degrees. e) The angle between the two vectors is ninety degrees.

 3.8.6. r1 and r2 are vectors. Vector r1 is directed due west and vector choices correctly r2 is directed due north. Which of the following indicates the directions of vectors r1 and r2 ?
a)

r1 is directed due west and r2 is directed due north r1 is directed due west and r2 is directed due south r1 is directed due east and r2 is directed due south

b)
c)

d)
e)

r1 is directed due east and r2 is directed due north r1 is directed due north and r2 is directed due west

 3.8.6. r1 and r2 are vectors. Vector r1 is directed due west and vector choices correctly r2 is directed due north. Which of the following indicates the directions of vectors r1 and r2 ?
a)

r1 is directed due west and r2 is directed due north r1 is directed due west and r2 is directed due south r1 is directed due east and r2 is directed due south

b)
c)

d)
e)

r1 is directed due east and r2 is directed due north r1 is directed due north and r2 is directed due west

 3.8.7. Vectors a and b have different magnitudes and directions. Which of the following vector operations does not result in a vector?

a) a b
b) a b

c) a b
d) ca db
e) a b

 3.8.7. Vectors a and b have different magnitudes and directions. Which of the following vector operations does not result in a vector?

a) a b
b) a b

c) a b
d) ca db
e) a b

 3.8.8. Vector A is directed due north. Vector B is directed due east. Determine the direction of the vector product, A B .
a) due south b) due west c) vertically downward d) vertically upward e) 45 north of east

 3.8.8. Vector A is directed due north. Vector B is directed due east. Determine the direction of the vector product, A B .
a) due south b) due west c) vertically downward d) vertically upward e) 45 north of east

 3.8.9. Under what conditions does A B

a) This situation never occurs.

AB ?

b) This occurs when the two vectors have the same magnitude.

c) This occurs when the two vectors are perpendicular to one another.
d) This occurs when the two vectors are parallel to one another.

e) This always occurs, regardless of the particular vectors involved.

 3.8.9. Under what conditions does A B

a) This situation never occurs.

AB ?

b) This occurs when the two vectors have the same magnitude.

c) This occurs when the two vectors are perpendicular to one another.
d) This occurs when the two vectors are parallel to one another.

e) This always occurs, regardless of the particular vectors involved.