ELECTROMAGNETISM » Electrostatics » Electricity - Magnetism ELECTROSTATICS Study of charges at rest as opposed to electricity which deals with charges in motion: Change resides on real bodies and particles. This is a physical quantity measured in Coulombs (c)- In many practical problems charge, g ranges: wn £96 10% The origin oF Charge on a particle ts due to the basic constitution o¢ matter in terms of:Atoms—>» Nucleus + Electrons m= trx10" ig Protons + Neutrons g=-e=-r16xi0 Ae, Mp= (67 x10" "kg Mn = 1830 me g=e=rgxo Ic g=0 for Neutron Neutral atem: Np = Ne=Z= Atomic number 2a? 0 A given atom or body prefers the State of Charge neutrality. Starting with a neutral atom, A a positive (tve) or negative -ve) charged particle (ions) Can be obtained as follows: A+@ —>A (electron affinity) ne maa at ag Neutrality exists before and after reactions. Charge Conservation)Experiments Sheu) fwo types of charges i. Positive and negative charges Mutual interaction between charges sheus: + LIKE CHARGES REPEL ° UNLIKE CHARGES ATTRACT Charges on bodlies can be introduced by: Friction (rubbing two bodies) + direct Contact * mutual induction Tne transfer of electrons Causes formation of positively er negatively charge bodies: Plastics anc Silk : have affinity for electrons — easily acguire negative charge. glass and Fur: easily lose electrons— become positively charged: Rubbing Rubbing -g tows gy Sittens “© SS G Plastic e oe J Fur dass “Silk Z+(-2=0